高三英语一轮复习 第1部分 基础知识解读 Unit 12 Culture Shock教师用书 北师大版必修4

Unit 12 Culture Shock
(对应学生用书第84页)
[单词拼写应用]
Ⅰ.考纲单词——会拼写、要识记
1．owe vt. 欠(情、债等) 2．brief adj.短暂的，简短的3．exchange vt.兑换，交换4．laughter n. 笑；笑声
5．book vt.预约，预订6．novel n. (长篇)小说7．headmaster n. 校长
8．request n. 请求
9．familiar adj.熟悉的，常见的10．arrival n. 到达，抵达11．aspect n. 方面
12．outgoing adj.友好的，乐于交友的13．earthquake n. 地震
14．belong vi.适应；属于15．birthplace n. 出生地
16．fond adj.喜爱
17．broad adj.各种各样的；广阔的18．minority n. 少数，少数民族19．unfair adj.不公平的20．forgive vt.宽恕，饶恕21．cheque n. 支票
22．indicate vt.表明；表示23．canteen n. 食堂，餐厅24．appetite n. 胃口，食欲
25．detective n. 侦探
26．contrary adj.相反的27．preview n. 预告；预演，预展Ⅱ.派生单词——能辨别
1．apology n. 道歉，认错
→apologize v. 道歉，辩解，赔不是2．absorb vt.理解，掌握；吸收→absorbed adj.被……吸引住的
→absorbing adj.吸引人的3．expectation n. 期待的事物，预期→expect vt.期待，预料，指望→expected adj.预期的，预料的4．majority n. 大半，大多数
→major adj.主要的；重要的5．reason n. 理由
v. 推论
→reasonable adj.合理的，正当的6．curious adj.好奇的
→curiously adv. 奇怪地；好奇地
→curiosity n. 好奇
7．move v. 移动；感动
→movement n. 动作；活动
→movable adj.可移动的
→moved adj.感动的
→moving adj.令人感动的8．formal adj.正式的
→formally adv. 正式地
→informal adj.非正式的9．caution n. 小心，谨慎
→cautious adj.小心翼翼的，谨慎的10．educate v. 教育
→education n. 教育
→educator n. 教育者
→educated adj.有教养的
11．add vt.增加；补充说
→addition n. 相加，增加物
→additional adj.附加的，补充的
12．injure vt.伤害
→injury n. 伤害
→injured adj.伤害的
Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．I don't want to get too absorbed(absorb) in modeling.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)
2．In a further twist, birth rate is highest in poorly educated(educate) rural areas.(2017·江苏高考)
3．If I have made any mistakes，I'm ready to apologize(apology)．
4．Since her arrival(arrive) at the company，she has reorganized several departments. 5．Her husband is cautious(caution)，never making a swift decision about anything. 6．You should know the additional(addition)
responsibilities that are incidental to the job.
7．Parents owe their children privacy and respect for their personal belongings(belong)．
8．The boy is curiously watching what the old man is doing in the garden and he is always curious about the world outside and shows great curiosity about what is going on in nature.(curious)
9．The couple moved into the movable house and they felt much moved to see the moving movie after moving into the new house.(movement)
10．Three people were killed and five injured in the crash.The doctor said two of the injured had serious injuries．(injure)
[拓展联想]
Ⅰ.短语回顾——会默写
1．get used to 习惯于
2．give...a lift 让……搭车，搭便车
3．see...off 给(某人)送行
4．belong to 属于
5．insist on 坚持，坚决要求
6．stare at 盯着看；凝视
7．be attached to 附属于
8．sound like 听起来像
9．in poor condition 状况不好
10．be sensitive to 对……敏感
11．at least 至少
12．contrary to 与……相反
13．put/bring an end to 结束
14．loads of 许多，大量
Ⅱ.语境应用(用上述短语的适当形式填空)
1．I found the job tiring at first but I soon got used to it.
2．After Tom saw Frank off at the bus station，he went to the post office to post the letter.
3．Contrary to most managers' opinion，the young manager voiced his unique view. 4．A final battle put/brought the war to an end，and then the country had been in peace for many years.
5．The young man insisted on being sent to where he was most needed.
6．The fresh air belongs equally to us all，we should protect it being polluted. 7．That sounds like Bill coming up the stairs.
8．They stared at the strange sight in silent wonder.
9．I've got loads of friends who're unemployed.
10．I've known her at least as long as you have.
[拓展联想]
[句式结构仿写]
(
对应学生用书第86页)
精讲8个考纲单词
owe vt.欠(情、债等)；归功于
[教材原句] I certainly owe you an apology for not writing more often. 没有多给你写信我真的非常抱歉。

persevering spirit of the Chinese nation.
我们把这些成就归功于改革开放以及中华民族不屈不挠的精神。

②The country owes foreign countries billions of dollars.＝The country owes billions of dollars to foreign countries.
这个国家欠外债数十亿美元。

链接写作
【导学号：33220043】
你应当把你的成功归功于你的母亲。

(普通表达)You should owe your success to your mother.
(高级表达)You should owe it to your mother that you are successful.
absorb vt.理解；掌握；吸收
[高考佳句]However，when something did interest me，I could become absorbed.(2016·北京高考·阅读理解A)
然而，当有东西使我感兴趣时，我会很投入。

植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳并从土壤中汲取水分。

②Look，they absorb themselves (they) in the experiment.快看，他们在专心做实验。

③A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was absorbed in his reading.
一缕微弱的光线从墙上的小孔中透过来，他正在专心致志地读书。

exchange vt.兑换，交换 n．兑换，交换
[教材原句] Talking of money—it's really easy to exchange traveller's cheques at banks or hotels so I advise you to get some of those before you come.
谈到钱，在银行或饭店交换旅行支票，非常容易，所以我建议你来之前准备一些支票。

it for any other course that we offer.
如果这门课程不能让你完全满意，你可以很容易地更换我们提供的其他任何一门课程。

②Exchange your idea with your partner and then write it down.
与你的同伴交换想法然后记录下来。

③I've offered to paint the kitchen in exchange for a week's holiday.
我主动提出粉刷厨房作为一周假期的交换。

majority n．大半，大多数
[教材原句] But even though some British people are quite strange，the majority of them are really friendly and I've made some good friends.
虽然有些英国人十分古怪，但是大多数人都很友好，我已经结交了一些好朋友。

在澳大利亚，白人占多数而土著人反而占少数。

②The majority are/is (be) in favour of banning smoking in public.
大多数人支持禁止在公共场合吸烟。

③The majority of the damage is (be) easy to repair.
大部分损失容易补救。

④An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are (be) against it.
好像是不可能达成协议了，因为大多数委员们反对。

链接写作
【导学号：33220044】如果你想参加，你的照片应当发送到intlphotoshow @ 。

(2016·全国卷Ⅱ·书面表达)
①(普通表达)If you want to join，your photos should be sent to intlphotoshow @ .
②(高级表达)It is requested that your photos should be sent to intlphotoshow @ if you want to join.
request vt.&n.请求；要求
[高考佳句] You can talk to the robot，ask it questions，and make requests for it to perform different tasks.(2015·天津高考·阅读理解B)你可以跟机器人说话，问它问题，要求它来完成不同的任务。

来我校讲课。

②My parents requested me to learn (learn) a second foreign language.
我父母要求我再学一门外语。

③It is requested that all the visitors (should) not take (take) pictures of the exhibitions.
要求所有的参观者不要对展品进行拍照。

链接写作
【导学号：33220045】It is requested that all the club members attend the annual meeting.
All the club members are requested to attend the annual meeting.
familiar adj.熟悉的，常见的
[教材原句] Jin Li found the American way of life familiar soon after her arrival in the USA.
金丽到达美国后不久，她就发现美国人的生活方式对她来说很熟悉。

familiar with
help enhance your Chinese.我认为这些捐赠的书不仅能使你更熟悉中国，而且有助于提高你的汉语。

②Although the dragon is quite familiar to most Chinese，nobody has ever seen a real one.
尽管龙的形象对大多数中国人来说都是很熟悉的，可是没有一个人见过真龙。

attach vt.系，固定；附上，贴上；喜欢，依恋
[教材原句] At first，we didn't feel we belong here，but now we are attached to the
land we live on.
起初，我们认为我们并不属于这里，但是现在我们已与我们所居住的土地紧紧地联系在一起了。

My parents always attach importance to my getting a good education.
我的父母一直非常重视让我接受良好的教育。

②The middle school attached (attach) to Beijing Normal University is well­known across the country.北师大附中是一所全国知名的中学。

bear vi.&vt.容忍，忍受；承担(责任)；支撑；承受；生育；出生；结(果实)；携带[教材原句] I can't bear the way the native Australians have been treated.
我不能忍受对待澳大利亚土著人的方式。

我实在听不下去了，便离开了房间。

②Bearing (bear) a heavy burden，she has to work hard to bring up her children. 肩负重担，她必须努力工作抚养孩子。

③You may choose any theme you like.However，you should bear an essential point in mind.
你可以选择任何你喜欢的主题，但关键的一条你应牢记于心。

诠释3个核心短语
get used to习惯于
[教材原句] You're going to have to get used to bacon and eggs with a few slices
of toast for breakfast over here，Aunt Mei!
梅姨，你得适应这里咸肉、鸡蛋加几片烤面包的早饭！
he used to go (go) there on foot.Now he has got used to going (go) there by bike，though his bike is used to pick (pick) up his grandson sometimes.当他年轻的时候，他常步行去那儿。

现在他习惯于骑自行车去那里，虽然他有时用自行车去接他的孙子。

see...off给……送行
[教材原句] He insisted on walking me to the station to see me off.
他坚持陪我走到车站为我送行。

别愚弄我了，我能识破你的把戏。

②I'm so glad you've come here to see to this matter in person.我很高兴你亲自来这里处理这个问题。

③Seeing (see) that you're already at the door，I suppose I must invite you inside. 鉴于你已到了门口，我想我必须邀请你入内。

bring an end to结束，制止
[教材原句] The arrival of white people gradually brought an end to the traditional Aboriginal way of life.白人的到来逐渐终结了传统土著人的生活方式。

The meeting didn't come to an end until 12 o'clock.
会议直到12点才结束。

②Only through political solution could we put an end to the violence.
只有通过政治上的解决方案我们才能结束暴力。

put...to an end。

突破2个高考句型
(教材P39)Decide where to go on holiday with a friend.定好和朋友到哪儿去度假。

句中where to go on holiday...为“特殊疑问副词＋不定式”结构，在句中作宾语。

如何分工仍是个问题。

②He told his mother that he needed ten dollars with which to buy a new dictionary.(作定语)
他对他妈妈说，他需要10美元买一本新字典。

③The most competent adults are those who know how to do(do) this.(作宾语)(2016·天津高考·阅读理解C)最有能力的成年人是那些知道怎么样去做这一点的人。

(教材P40)I had a similar experience the last time I visited China.上次我到中国参观时，也有同样的经历。

表示时间的名词短语the last time相当于从属连词，引导时间状语从句。

这位著名的歌星一出飞机场，就被歌迷围了起来。

②I came to see you immediately (immediate) I heard the news.
我一听到这个消息，马上就来看你了。

链接写作
【导学号：33220046】
一见到她我就告诉她这个消息。

I will tell her the news ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧①as soon as
②the moment
③the minute ④the instant ⑤immediately
I see her.
[多角快练]——练单词 练短语 练句型————————————————
(对应学生用书第89页)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The research center founded 50 years ago is attached to a famous university.
2．I avoid meeting (meet) him ，because I don't like him.
3．The question we have to face is how to cross (cross)the river.
4．He couldn't bear losing/to lose (lose) the money for which he had risked his life.
5．He is considering selling the old house that belongs to his grandparents and using the money to start a business of his own.
6．The matter related (relate) to people's health surely requires dealing with carefully.
7．I request that you (should) attend (attend) the meeting on time.
8．Having smoked (smoke) too much ，he has suffered from lung cancer.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．We must see to that all people are equal before the law.
to 后加it
2．While most of us have met him ，we are not too familiar to him.
to →with
3．He soon got used to live in a dormitory after he entered university.
live →living
4．The young lady rushed into the room immediate she heard the noise.
immediate →immediately
5．A majority of the water we use every day are groundwater.
are →is
6．He requested us not smoke in the restaurant.
not后加to
7．Where can I exchange my American money with foreign money?
with→for
8．She won the election in a majority of 73 votes.
in→with/by
(对应学生用书第90页)
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
请根据Lesson 4的课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Australia is an 1.astonishing (astonish) land with lots of beautiful plants and strange animals，2.where people take sports 3.seriously (serious)，and they like being 4.outdoors (outdoor)．Australia，with a mix of different cultures is a typical multi­cultural country 5.with a lot of immigrants.The 6.earliest(early) people，Aborigines，came to the country from Indonesia 50，000 years ago.They used to 7.live (live) peacefully，but they were badly 8.treated (treat) when the whites 9.settlers (settle) came.Now they are a 10.minority (minor) group and live in terrible conditions.In recent years，white Australians have become more sensitive to the Aborigines' situation.People are now proud of their country.
Ⅱ.写作改错双练
请根据提示，运用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作。

1．上次去美国时我有一次难忘的经历。

(the last time)
2．由于我英语不好，我不知道如何乘出租车。

(owing to；have difficulty in doing) 3．有一位热心的妇女让我搭了个便车。

(give sb. a lift)
4．她告诉我如何乘车、如何问路。

(连接副词＋不定式)
5．我很感激她的帮助，意识到学好英语可以帮助我们跟外国人沟通和交流思想。

(communicate with；exchange)
第一步练写作
用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。

第二步 练改错
下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处错误，请你帮他纠正过来。

I had unforgettable experiences for the last time I went to America. Owing to my poor English, I had difficulty in taking a taxi. Luckily, a warm ­hearted woman gave me a lift. On addition, she told me how to take a taxi. Furthermore, she tells me how to ask for ways. I really appreciated her help. I realized that it is of great help to learn English well and learning it well could help us communicate with foreigners and exchange ideas.
【答案】
I had unforgettable experiences ﹨for the last time I went to America. Owing to my poor English, I had difficulty in taking a taxi. Luckily, a warm ­hearted woman
gave me a lift. On In addition, she told me how to take a taxi. Furthermore, she tells told
me how to ask for ways. I really appreciated her help. I realized that it is was
of great help to learn English well and ∧
that learning it well could help us communicate with foreigners and exchange ideas.。