天津市红桥区 南开附中 2018年 高考英语 语法--虚拟语气与情态动词 专项复习(含答案)

2018年高考英语语法-虚拟语气与情态动词专项复习
1.________ for the free vegetables，women workers would not have gone to the supermarket so often.
A．If it is not B．Were it not
C.Had it not been D．If they were not
2.—________it be Tom that stole the manager’s mobile phone?
—No.As far as I know，Tom is very honest.
A．May B．Can C．Must D．Should
3.Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.
A．didn’t write B．hadn’t written
C.wouldn’t write D．wouldn’t have written
4.If I ________ it with my own eyes，I wouldn’t have believed it.
A．didn’t see B．weren’t seeing
C.wouldn’t see D．hadn’t seen
5.Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I as well as her.
A．dance B．will dance C．had danced D．danced
6.If it for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.
A．had not been B．should not be
C．were not to be D．should not have been
7.Frequent quarrels between my parents are nearly driving me crazy.If only I ________a warm and
harmonious family!
A．have B．will have C．had D．had had
8.—Sorry，Mum！I failed the job interview again.
—Oh，it’s too bad.You ________ have made full preparations.
A．must B．can C．would D．should
9.It was so noisy that we ________ hear ourselves speak.
A．couldn’t B．should n’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t
10.I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly
to me.
A．mightn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．couldn’ t
11.—Did you meet with the famous actress，Yang Mi?
—________I had come here earlier!
A．If only B．If not C．But for D．For fear
12.Most of the big hotels were full at this time of the year，but finally we ________ find a room
in a small guest house near the station.
A．ought to B．could C．were able to D．might
13.It is required by the rules that students ________ get grades not lower than 85 in any subject
in order to get the scholarship.
A．will B．may C．shall D．would
14.You _____be careful with the camera.It costs!
A．must B．may C．can D．will
15.It sounds like a wonderful match.How I wish I________it like you.
A．watch B．have watched C．would watch D．had watched
16.It seemed that our nursery rhymes ________ some magic because all the nights I sang them for
my daughter，she would listen to them with keen pleasure.
A．must have had B．should have had
C.could have had D．need have had
17.—Are you absent from the meeting?
—Yes，who________it would rain!
A．has thought B．had thought C．was thinking D．would have thought
18.—Mr.Smith，can I hand in my composition tomorrow morning?
—Forget it.I’d rather you ________ it to me this afternoon.
A．can finish B．have finished C．would finish D．finished
19.—Where is Mick? I cannot find him anywhere.
—He ________ have been off long.I heard him make a call in the passage just now.
A．shouldn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t
20.George _________ too far.His coffee is still warm
A．must have gone B．might have gone
C.can't have gone D．needn't have gone
21.You feel all the training a waste of time, but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll
be grateful you did it.
A．should B．need C．shall D．may
22.If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’t have believed it.
A．didn’t see B．weren’t seeing C．wouldn’t see D．hadn’t seen
23.He________ the job well，but he ________so careless.
A．had done；had been B．could do；was
C.could have done；was D．hadn’t done；had been
24.It is lucky we booked a room，or we ________ nowhere to stay now.
A．had B．had had C．would have D．would have had
25.You ____ be Carol.You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.
A．must B．can C．will D．shall
26.It is lucky we booked a room, or we ______nowhere to stay now.
A．had B．had had C．would have D．would have had
27.It’s suggested in the report that government expenses ________ to increase teachers’ salaries
in.
A．be reduced B．were reduced C．will be reduced D．do reduce
28.It might have saved me some trouble ______ the schedule.
A．did I know B．have I known C．do I know D．had I known
29.—Can’t you stay a little longer?
—It’s getting late.I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone.
A．may B．can C．must D．dare
30.Visit the old man this afternoon？If you ________，make sure you wear sunscreens to protect
your skin.
A．must B．can C．may D．shall
31.I ________ have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly
to me.
A．mightn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．couldn’t
32._______more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Internet games，I would be sitting
in a comfortable office now.
A．If I devoted B．Had I devoted
C.Would I be devoted D．Should I be devoted
33.I wish I ______ at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York
then.
A．will be B．would be C．have been D．had been
34.But for the help of my English teacher，I ________ the first prize in the English Writing
Competition.
A．would not win B．would not have won
C.would win D．would have won
35.—I called you at 9 last night，but no one answered.
—Sorry，I ________ sleeping.I went to bed very early.
A．need have been B．would have been
C.must have been D．should have been
36.Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I ________ as well as her.
A．dance B．will dance C．had danced D．danced
37.You ________ be Carol.You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.
A．must B．can C．will D．shall
38.Don’t handle the vase as if it ______ made of steel.
A．is B．were C．has been D．had been
39.You ________ feel all the training a waste of time，but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll
be grateful you did it.
A．should B．need C．shall D．may
40.It is a rule that public schools ________ provide adequate and safe sports facilities.
A．must B．will C．shall D．can
参考答案
1.答案为：C
解析：考查虚拟语气。

根据题干中的would not have gone to可知，本句话是对过去事情的虚拟，所以，从句中谓语应用had done的形式；同时，在if条件句中表示虚拟语气时，经常将if省略，而把从句中的had，were或should提前。

故选C。

2.答案为：B
解析：考查情态动词表示推测的用法。

can可用于否定句或疑问句中表示推测；must表推测时一般用于肯定的陈述句中；may和should表推测时不用于疑问句中。

根据语境可知，B项正确。

句意：——有可能是Tom偷了经理的手机吗？——不可能。

就我所知，汤姆是非常诚实的。

3.答案为：D
解析：句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器。

根据without his wartime experience没有战时的经历，可知表示对于过去的否定猜测，故主句用would have done，因此选D 项。

4.答案为：D
解析：考查虚拟语气。

句意：如果我没亲眼看到，我不会相信那件事的。

根据主句I wouldn’t have believed it可知，空格处所在句是用了与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句应用过去完成时态，所以答案为D。

5.答案为：C
解析：句意：Ellen是一个很棒的舞蹈演员。

但愿我能和她跳得一样好。

I wish“但愿”后面接宾语从句用虚拟语气，和现在相反用一般过去时，所以选C。

6.答案为：A
7.答案为：C
8.答案为：D
9.答案为：A
解析：考查情态动词的基本用法。

句意：这里如此吵闹以至于我们听不见自己讲话。

couldn’t不能；
shouldn’t 不应该;mustn’t不准；needn’t 没有必要。

由语境可知，
此处表示“我们不能听见自己讲话”，因此选A项。

10.答案为：C
11.答案为：A
12.答案为：C
13.答案为：C
解析：考查情态动词。

句意：根据规定，学生如果想拿奖学金，任一单科成绩不得低于85分。

shall 用于第三人称，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，意为“应，必须”。

14.答案为：A
解析：考查情态动词。

根据下文的it costs可知，照相机很昂贵，故选择A，意为：你一定要非常小心对待照相机，它很昂贵。

15.答案为：D
16.答案为：A
解析：考查情态动词。

句意：看来我们的儿歌一定有种魔力，因为每天晚上我为女儿唱时，她都听得津津有味。

must have done是对过去的事情的肯定推测，表示“肯定，一定”。

17.答案为：D
解析：考查情态动词及虚拟语气的用法。

句意：——你没去开会？——没有，谁会想到天会下雨呢！
18.答案为：D
19.答案为：B
解析：句意：——Mick在哪里？我到处都找不到他。

——他不可能出去很久，刚才我还听到他在走廊里打电话。

用can’t have done表示对过去发生的事情的否定推测。

20.答案为：C
解析：乔治不可能走得太远了。

他的咖啡仍然是温的。

can’t have done是对过去的否定推测；must have done过去一定做了某事；might have done过去可能做了某事；needn’t have done过去本不必做某事。

故选C。

21.答案为：D
解析：句意：你可能觉得所有的训练都是浪费时间，但是我有100%的把握你以后会感激它的。

should 应该；need需要；shall将会；may（不确定）可能。

所以选D。

22.答案为：D
解析：句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信。

根据后半句wouldn’t have believed可以判断是对过去的虚拟。

所以从句是if+主语+ had+done的形式。

故选D。

23.答案为：C
解析：句意：他本来能够做好那工作，但他太粗心了。

答题的关键在于抓住句中的but，but后面的句子是对过去事实的陈述，应用一般过去时；前面的句子则表示“本来能够……”，是对过去事情的推断，因此应用could have done。

24.答案为：C
25.答案为：A
解析：句意：你肯定是卡罗，这些年你一点也没有变化。

must表示对现在的肯定推测。

26.答案为：C
解析：句意：我们很幸运地订到了房间，否则的话，我们现在就会无处可去了。

or引导含蓄虚拟条件句，or后面是主句，相当于if we hadn’t booked a room, we would have nowhere to stay now.，根据“now”可知，是对现在进行虚拟，因此用would+动词原形，故选C。

27.答案为：A
解析：考查虚拟语气。

句意：报告中有人建议年降低政府开支，提高教师工资。

suggest表示“建议”
时，其名词性从句中的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”，此处的reduce与government expenses 之间存在动宾关系，故用被动语态。

28.答案为：D
29.答案为：C
解析：句意：——你不能再多待会儿吗?——很晚了，我必须得走了。

我女儿一个人在家。

A．may可能，可以，也许；B.can能，会；C.must必须，必然要，必定会；D.dare敢，胆敢。

结合句意，故选C。

30.答案为：A
解析：考查情态动词。

句意：今天下午去看望那个老人？如果你一定要去，请务必涂上防晒油以保护你的皮肤。

if you must(do sth.)(表示虽不赞同但可允许)如果你一定要(那么做)，故选must。

31.答案为：C
解析：考查情态动词的用法。

句意：来新学校之前我本没有必要担心，我这里的同班同学对我很友好。

此处表示没有必要，故用needn’t。

needn’t have done本没必要做。

mightn’t have done可能没做过；没有mustn’t have done这一用法；couldn’t have done不可能做过。

32.答案为：B
解析：考查错综虚拟句。

此处主句用过去完成时，表示与过去的事实相反，如果省略if要用倒装句；
从句用“would＋动词原形”的形式，表示与现在的事实相反。

33.答案为：D
解析：句意：上个周二我本希望参加我姐姐的婚礼，但那时我在纽约出差。

本题考查wish引导的宾语从句，表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句用had + 过去分词。

根据句意可知选D。

34.答案为：B
解析：此处虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，句子谓语动词用would/should/could/might＋have done 结构，根据句意要用否定含义，故选B。

本句的条件是由介词短语(but for)表达的。

35.答案为：C
解析：根据答语中的“I went to bed very early”可知，此处为肯定推测，用must，表示问话人打电话时，答话人一定正在睡觉。

must have done表示过去肯定做了某事。

36.答案为：D
解析：考查虚拟语气。

句意：埃伦是一位了不起的舞蹈家。

要是我能跳得像她一样好那该有多好啊。

I wish后接从句，从句用虚拟语气。

叙述与现在事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用过去式(be用were)；
叙述与将来事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用could/should/would/might do；叙述与过去事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用had done。

由语境可知，此处叙述的是与现在事实相反的情况，故谓语动词用过去式，选D项。

37.答案为：A
38.答案为：B
解析：考查虚拟语气。

句意：不要这么拿着这个花瓶，就好像它是用钢制成的似的。

as if表示“似乎，好像”，引导的从句通常用虚拟语气，再结合主句的时态可知是对现在事实的虚拟，所以用一般过去时were。

39.答案为：D
40.答案为：C
解析：考查情态动词。

shall用于第三人称时，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，意为“应，必须”。