2010-2023历年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海卷英语试题

2010-2023历年普通高等学校招生全国统一
考试上海卷英语试题
第1卷
一.参考题库(共20题)
1.As a new diplomat, he often thinks of_____- he can react more appropriately on such occasions.
A．what
B．which
C．that
D．how
2.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brakes. 【小题1】网球运动在上海越来越流行了。

（popular）
【小题2】我认为你们的建议和他们的一样有价值。

（as…as）
【小题3】只喝一杯咖啡就会使我整晚睡不着。

（keep）
【小题4】为了纪念那些勇敢的消防战士，一部电影即将开拍。

（memory）【小题5】过了三天她才想起把雨衣忘在语言实验室了。

（remember）
【小题6】尽管山高林密，医护人员还是迅速地赶到出事地点，试试救援。

（de spite）
3.Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
某海外学校举办英语夏令营，开设了如下课程：园艺（gardening），烹饪（coo king）,防身术（self-defence），护理（nursing）。

假如你是王跃华（不可以用自己的真实姓名），写一封申请信，报名参加其中一门课程的学习。

信的内容必须包括：
1.你感兴趣的课程
2.你期望从这门课程中学到什么
3.为什么想学这些内容
4.With the government’s aid, those _____ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
A．affect
B．affecting
C．affected
D．were affected
5.－Wow! You’ve got so many clothes.
－But _____ of them are in fashion now .
A．all
B．both
C．neither
D．none
6.It is immediately clear ____ the financial crisis will soon be over.
A．since
B．what
C．when
D．whether
7.You can’t borrow books from the school library ______ you get your student card. A．before
B．if
C．while
D．as
8.Bill suggested _____ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.
A．having held
B．to hold
C．holding
D．hold
9.Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away _____.
A．fleeing the thief
B．was fleeing the thief
C．the thief was fleeing
D．fled the thief
10.Sally’s never seen a play in the Shanghai Grand Theatre, _______?
A．hasn’t she
B．has she
C．isn’t she
D．is she
11.Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is on e extra heading which you do not need.
【小题1】
You’re probably most familiar with college dictionaries, often called abridged dictionaries. Although abridged means “shortened”, these dictionaries contain more than 150.000 entries and provide detailed definitions that are sufficient for most college students and general users. College dictionaries also contain separate lists of abbreviations. Biographical and geographical names, foreign words and phrases. And tables of measures. Webster’s Ⅱ New Riverside University Dictionary and the American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language are college dictionaries.
【小题2】
unabridged dictionaries contain as many as 500,000 entries and provide detailed definitions and extensive word histories （etymologies）. These dictionaries, possibly in several volumes and mostly found in libraries, are excellent sources for scholarly inquiries. Unabridged dictionaries include the Oxford English Dictionary and the Random House Dictionary of the English Language.
【小题3】
A dictionary entry has many elements: multiple definitions, syllabication, preferred spelling and pronunciation （some word have more than one acceptable spelling and pronunciation）, and part-of-speech labels. Some entries also include plurals and capitalized forms. Synonyms, antonyms, and derivatives. Americanisms and etymologies may be provide along with usage notes, cross-references, and idioms. 【小题4】
If you prefer using the dictionary on a computer, you can obtain CD-ROM versions of many major dictionaries. In addition, you can access numerous dictionaries, such as
WWWebster’s Dictionary, on the Internet. Online dictionaries allow you to enter a search word （you even get help with spelling ） to see a definition, and sometimes even an illustration. Online dictionaries also offer additional features, such as word games. Language tips, and amusing facts about words. Some online dictionary services allow you to access numerous dictionaries, both general and specialized, in on search. 【小题5】
Specialized dictionaries provide in-depth information about a certain field. For example there are dictionaries for the specialized vocabularies of law, computer technology, and medicine. In addition, there are dictionaries of synonyms, clichés, slang, and even regional expressions. Such as the Dictionary of American Regional English（DARE）. There are also dictionaries of foreign languages, famous people’s names, literary characters’ names and place names.
12.“Get your hands off me, I have been stolen,” the laptop, a portable computer, shouted. That is a new solution to laptop computer theft: a program that lets owners give their property a voice when it has been taken.
The program allows users to display alerts on the missing computer’s screen and even to set a spoken message. Tracking software for stolen laptops has been on the market for some time, but this is thought to be the first that allows owners to give the thief a piece of their mind.
Owners must report their laptop missing by visiting a website, which sends a message to the model: a red and yellow “lost or stolen” sign appears on its screen when it is started. Under the latest version（版本）of the software, users can also send a spoken message.
The message can be set to reappear every 30 seconds, no matter how many times the thief closes it.” One customer sent a message saying,’ You are being tracked. I am right at your door’,” said Carrie Hafeman, chief executive of the company which produces the program, Retriever.
In the latest version, people can add a spoken message. For example, the l aptop’s speakers will say: “Help, this laptop is reported lost or stolen. If you are not my owner, report me now.”
The Retriever software package, which costs $29.95 but has a free trial period, has the functions of many security software programs .Owners can remotely switch to an alternative password if they fear that the thief has also got hold of the access details. If a thief accesses the internet with the stolen laptop, Retriever will collect information on the internet service provider in use, so that the police can be alerted to its location. Thousands of laptops are stolen every year form homes and offices, but with the use of laptops increasing, the number stolen while their owners are out and about has been rising sharply.
Other security software allows users to erase data remotely or lock down the computer. 【小题1】The expression “to give the thief a piece of their mind “can be understood as “_______”
A．to give the thief an alert mind
B．to express the owners’ anger to the thief
C．to remind the thief of this conscience
D．to make the thief give up his mind
【小题2】Different from other security software, Retriever can_______. A．record the stealing process
B．help recognize the lost laptop
C．lock down the computer remotely
D．send a spoken message
【小题3】 One function of the program is that it allows the owner to _______ at a distance.
A．change some access details for switching on the laptop
B．turn on the laptop by using the original password
C．operate the laptop by means of and alternative password
D．erase the information kept in the stolen laptop
【小题4】Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of the passage? A．With no Retriever, thousands of laptops are stolen every year.
B．A new soft ware provides a means to reduce laptop theft.
C．Retriever has helped to find thieves and lost computers.
D．A new program offers a communication platform with the thief.
13.A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _____all four people on board.
A．killed
B．killing
C．kills
D．to kill
14.During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _____ not to touch and unattended bag.
A．had always been warned
B．were always being warned
C．are always warning
D．always warned
15.Mozart’s birthplace and the house ______ he composed ‘The Magic Flute’ are both museums now
A．where
B．when
C．there
D．which
16.The Great Wall is ____ tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.
A．so a well-known
B．a so well-known
C．such well-known
D．such a well-known
plete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
If the package looks pretty, people will buy just about anything. So says an advertising executive in New York, and he has proved his point by selling boxes of rubbish for the price of an expensive bottle of wine.
Justin Gignac,26, has sold almost 900 41 presented plastic boxes of rubbish from the street of Big Apple at between ＄50 and ＄100 each. Buyers from 19 countries have paid for the souvenirs（纪念品）. The idea has been so successful that he is thinking of promoting it around the world.
It all began when Mr Gignac was at a summer workshop, “We had a discussion about the importance of 42 ,”he recalls.” Someone said p ackaging was unimportant. I disagreed. The only way to prove it was by selling something nobody would ever want.”
He searches the streets of Manhattan and typical 43 include broken glass, subway tickets, Starbucks cups and used 44 forks. “Special editions” are offered at a high price. He charged ＄100 for rubbish from the opening day of the New York Yankees’ stadium.
Mr Gignac denies 45 his customers for fools: “They know what they’re getting. They appreciate the fact that they’re taking something nobody would want and finding beauty in it.”
Some 46 customers include people who used to live in the city and want a
down-to-earth souvenir. He claims he has even sold to art collectors.
Realizing that the concept appears to be a real money-maker, Mr Gignac has 47 a company and is employing his girlfriend as vice president. He 48 to discuss his profit margins: “It’s actually quite a lot of effort putting them together-but yes, garbage is free.”
Mr Gignac is considering more varieties of souvenirs. He maintains that he has signed 49 with people interested in similar projects from as far as Berlin and London.
18.Mary went to the box office at lunch time, but all the tickets ____out.
A．would sell
B．had sold
C．have sold
D．was selling
19.The latest research suggests that the key factor separating geniuses from the merely accomplished is not I.Q., a generally bad predictor of success. Instead, it’s purposeful practice. Top performers spend more hours practising their craft. It you wanted to pict ure how a typical genius might develop, you’d take a girl who possessed a slightly above average language ability. It wouldn’t have to be a big talent, just enough so that she might gain some sense of distinction. Then you would want her to meet, say, a novelist, who coincidentally shared some similar qualities. Maybe the writer was from the same town, had the same family background, or shared the same birthday.
This contact would give the girl a vision of her future self. It would hive her some idea of a fascinating circle who might someday join. It would also help if one of her parents died when she was 12, giving her a strong sense of insecurity and fuelling a desperate need for success. Armed with this ambition, she would read novels and life stories of writers without end. This would give her a primary knowledge of her field. She’s be able to see new writing in deeper ways and quickly understand its inner workings. Then she would practise writing. Her practice would be slow, painstaking and
error-focused. By practising in this way, he delays the automatizing process. Her mind wants to turn conscious, newly learned skills into unconscious. Automatically performed skills. By practising slowly, by breaking skills down into tiny parts and repeating, she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance. Then she would find an adviser who would provide a constant stream of feedback, viewing her performance form the outside, correcting the smallest errors, pushing her to take on tougher challenges. By now she is redoing problems—how do I get characters into a room—dozens and dozens of times. She is establishing habits of thought she can call upon in order to understand or solve future problems.
The primary quality our young writer possesses is no t some mysterious genius. It’s the ability to develop a purposeful, laborious and boring practice routine; the latest research takes some of the magic out of great achievement. But it underlines a fact that is often neglected. Public discussion is affected by genetics and what we’re “hard-wired” to do. And it’s true that genes play a role in our capabilities. But the brain is also very plastic. We construct ourselves through behaviour.
【小题1】The passage mainly deals with________.
A．the function of I.Q. in cultivating a writer
B．the relationship between genius and success
C．the decisive factor in making a genius
D．the way of gaining some sense of distinction
【小题2】By reading novels and writers’ stories, the girl could________. A．come to understand the inner structure of writing
B．join a fascinating circle of writers someday
C．share with a novelist her likes and dislikes
D．learn from the living examples to establish a sense of security
【小题3】In the girl’s long painstaking trainin g process, ________.
A．her adviser forms a primary challenging force to her success.
B．her writing turns into an automatic pattern of performance
C．she acquires the magic of some great achievement
D．she comes to realize she is “hard-wired” to write
【小题4】What can be concluded from the passage?
A．A fuelling ambition plays a leading role in one’s success
B．A responsible adviser is more important than the knowledge of writing.
C．As to the growth of a genius, I.Q. Doesn’t matter, but just his|her effort. D．What really matters is what you do rather then who you are.
20.Even at school there had been an unhealthy competition between George and Richard.
“I’ll be the first millionaire in Coleford!” Richard used to boast.
“And you’ll be sorry you knew me,” George would reply “because I’ll be the best lawyer in town!”
George never did become a lawyer and Richard never made any money. Instead both men opened bookshops on opposite sides of Coleford High Street. It was hard to make money from books, which made the competition between them worse.
Now with only one bookshop in town, business was better for George. But sometimes he sat in his narrow , old kitchen and gazed out of the dirty window , thinking about his former rival （竞争对手）。

Perhaps he missed him?
Geor ge was very interested in old dictionaries, He’d recently found a collector in Australia who was selling a rare first edition. When the parcel arrived, the book was in perfect condition and George was delighted. But while he was having lunch, George glanced at the photo in the newspaper that the book had been wrapped in. He was astonished—the smiling face was older than he remembered but unmistakable! Trembling, George started reading.
“Bookends have bought ten bookstores from their rivals Dylans. The comp any, owned by multi-millionaire Richard Pike, is now the largest bookseller in Australia. ”
【小题1】George and Rivhard were at school.
A．roommates
B．good friends
C．competitors
D．booksellers
【小题2】How did George feel about Richard after his disappearance?
A．He envied Richard’s marriage.
B．He thought of Richard from time to time.
C．He felt lucky with no rival in town.
D．He was guilty of Richard’s death.
【小题3】George got information about Richard from .
A．a dictionary collector in Australia
B．the latter’s r ivals Dylans
C．a rare first edition of a dictionary
D．the wrapping paper of a book
【小题4】What happened to George and Richard in the end?
A．Both George and Richard became millionaires.
B．Both of them realized their original ambitions.
C．George established a successful business white Richard was missing. D．Richard became a millionaire while George had no great success.
第1卷参考答案
一.参考题库
1.参考答案： D
2.参考答案：
【小题1】Tennis is getting more popular in Shanghai.
【小题2】I think your suggestion is as valuable as theirs.
【小题3】Drinking only a cup of coffee will keep me awake all night.
【小题4】A film will be made/ shot in memory of those brave fire fighters.
【小题5】It was three days later she remembered leaving/having left her raincoat in the language lab.
【小题6】Despite the high mountains and thick forests, the doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident for the rescue/to carry out the
rescue.翻译题要力争做到译文的正确、准确、地道三个要求。

正确就是译文没有明显的语言错误，准确是指考生能运用合适的词汇和句式完整的表述原意，地道是指译文不但无语言错误，而且用此选句符合英语习惯，意义表达生动灵活。

所以，做翻译题时要综合运用词句知识，注意词汇的习惯搭配和句子时态、语态、人称和句式的选择。

【小题1】表示“越来越……”，英语的表达方式为“比较级+and+比较级用于进行时里中。

【小题2】表示“与……一样……”应该用“as+ adj./adv原级+as…”结构。

【小题3】本句要注意两点：1. 动名词用作主语的用法；2. keep + sb./sth. + adj (做宾补)使……保持某种状态。

【小题4】“为了纪念……”应选用“in the memory of”固定短语来表达。

【小题5】解答本题要注意两点：1. 强调句型的运用；2. remember doing
sth.记住做过某事。

【小题6】本句较为复杂，除了掌握despite作为介词可以接名词构成介词短语作状语外，还要注意句中谓语动词的准确选择和时态的确定，最后还要注意“实施援救”这一目的状语的表达。

3.参考答案：
Dear leader，
I am very glad that your school will hold the English Summer Camp that contains many courses,such as gardening cooking ,self-defence ,nursing and so on .I want to register to attend a course bout gardening,because I have liked flowers,grasses etc since I was a
little child.I especially like playing in the garden where I can enjoy the beauty of nature。

For one thing ，I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major in the gardening after attending college。

Besides I wish to get much more information about gardening so as to study it more easily when I enter the university.What's more,I can realize the bitterness of the gardeners to treasure the plants much more。

For another，after graduation from college I will devote my life to cultivate the flowers and grasses to turn our country into a more beautiful state and make many more foreigners come to visit our country.
Yours，
Wang yue hua
4.参考答案：C
5.参考答案：
6.参考答案：D
7.参考答案：A
8.参考答案：C
9.参考答案：D
10.参考答案： B
11.参考答案：
【小题1】F
【小题2】D
【小题3】C
【小题4】B
【小题5】E这是上海等地高考的“标题匹配”题。

该题型旨在考查考生对语段的分析概括能力。

解答这种题型，除了平时注意训练总体把握，提取语段主旨要义的阅读技巧外，还要掌握一些解题技巧（如要善于抓住语段的中心词和中心句，注意捕捉这些信息和备选项之间的同义转换关系），以期达到事半功倍的效果。

【小题1】本段主要介绍了学院辞典（也叫节本辞典）的特点，故用F做标题比较合适。

【小题2】本段首句为中心句，介绍了辞典的详细版本，故D为正确答案。

【小题3】本段开门见山，开头几句点明了话题——辞典词条的组成部分，故C 为正确答案。

【小题4】本段介绍了两类新型辞典——电子词典和在线词典。

B项说法与之相符，为正确答案。

【小题5】抓住本段首句，句中specialized和E中的particular构成同意转换，且两处都含有field这个中心词，故可确定答案为E。

12.参考答案：
【小题1】B
【小题2】D
【小题3】A
【小题4】B【小题1】语句理解题。

由第一二段可知，这种新型软件的新功能
是可以向手提电脑偷窃者发出语音信息，如：Get your hands off me, I have been stolen.这显然是表达电脑主人对窃贼的愤怒情绪的，故正确答案为B。

其他同类
软件具有向窃贼发出警告文字信息的功能，故A项和题干不能完全吻合，可排除。

【小题2】细节理解题。

由第二段“Tracking software for stolen laptops has been on the market for some time, but this is thought to be the first that allows owners to give the thief a piece of their mind.”可知答案为D。

【小题3】细节理解题。

由第六段“Ow ners can remotely switch to an alternative password if they fear that the thief has also got hold of the access
details.”可知A项说法正确。

B、C是对本句的误解。

由第九段可知，清除被盗电脑信息并非这种软件的功能，可排除。

【小题4】主旨概括题。

本文介绍了一种新型电脑防盗软件，这种软件不仅能向窃贼发送文字和语音信息，还能跟踪、远程改变密码以及收集网络信息帮助警方发现电脑位置，以减少手提电脑的失窃事件。

B项较全面的概括了这一主题，为正确答案。

其余几项偏题。

13.参考答案：B
14.参考答案：B
15.参考答案：.A
16.参考答案：D
17.参考答案：
【小题1】C
【小题2】E
【小题3】A
【小题4】D
【小题5】B
【小题6】H
【小题7】J
【小题8】F
【小题9】I
18.参考答案：B
19.参考答案：
【小题1】C
【小题2】A
【小题3】B
【小题4】D【小题1】主旨概括题。

第一段开头两句“The latest research suggests that the key factor separating geniuses from the merely accomplished is not I.Q., a generally bad predictor of success. Instead, it’s purposeful
practice.”总领全文，点明本文主题——区分天才和有才华人群的不是智商，而是实践。

C项与之完全吻合，为正确答案，其余三项均不同程度的偏离了这个主题。

【小题2】细节理解题。

由第二段“She’s be able to see new writi ng in deeper ways and quickly understand its inner workings.”一句可知A项正确。

【小题3】细节理解题。

第三段写到“By practicing slowly, by breaking skills down into tiny parts and repeating, she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance.”，B项说法与此吻合，为正确答案。

【小题4】推理判断题。

本文以一个小女孩如何成为一个有天赋作家的故事做例子，向人们阐述了这样一个道理——成就一番事业，重要的不是你是谁，而是你做了什么。

A、B均为人们为成功而奋斗过程中的一些重要因素，比较肤浅。

C项仅仅针对天才的成长方面，比较片面，故正确答案为D。

20.参考答案：
【小题1】C
【小题2】B
【小题3】D
【小题4】D【小题1】细节理解题。

由第一段“Even at school there had been an unhealthy competition between George and
Richard.”可知从上学开始，乔治和理查德就是竞争对手。

A、B、D三项没有根据，可排除。

【小题2】细节理解题。

由第五段“But sometimes he sat in his narrow , old kitchen and gazed out of the dirty window , thinking about his former rival （竞争对手）, Perhaps he missed
him?”可知理查德消失后乔治常常想起他来，故B项正确。

A、D两项文中没有交代，属于主观臆测。

C项也无从推断出乔治在没有了竞争对手后感到很幸运。

【小题3】细节把握题。

由第六段“But while he was having lunch, George glanced at the photo in the newspaper that the book had been wrapped
in.”一句可知乔治是从包书的一张报纸上得知理查德的消息的，故答案为D。

【小题4】细节理解题。

由最后一段可知理查德成了澳大利亚最大的书商，身价数百万，而仍然固守自己的小书店的乔治，没有取得大成就，故答案为D。