新目标英语八年级上第1单元知识讲解及练习

新目标英语八年级上第1单元知识讲解及练习含答案
【重要词汇概览】
◆ever adv.曾经◆once adv. 一次◆twice adv. 两次
◆internet n.互联网◆program n.节目单，(电脑)程序◆hilltop n. 山顶
◆result n.结果，成果◆key n.提醒,提示，线索，答案◆translate v.翻译
◆song n.歌曲◆junk n.垃圾，破烂物，废弃的旧物◆milk n. 牛奶
◆interviewer n.采访者◆habit n.习惯,习性◆difference n. 不同,差异,区别
◆grade n. 分数,成绩,年级◆although conj. 虽然，即使，纵然
◆unhealthy adj.不健康的，不益健康的◆skateboarding n.溜滑板运动
【重要词组概览】
◆how often 多久一次◆as for 至于，关于◆junk food 垃圾食品◆eating habit饮食习惯◆of course当然◆look after 照顾，照看◆start with 以…开始◆make a difference 使得结果不同，有重要性
◆go shopping 去购物◆have a party 聚会◆go to the movie 去看电影
◆once a week 每周一次◆hardly ever 很少◆twice a week 每周两次
◆three t imes a week每周三次◆watch TV看电视◆on weekend 在周末
◆do homework 做作业◆ a lot of 许多◆try to do试图(努力)做某事
◆ help sb (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事◆ the same as 和……相同
◆ keep in good health 保持身体健康
【语法知识聚焦】
一般现在时The Simple Present Tense
（1）一般现在时表示现在的状态
①He is twelve. 他十二岁。

②They are at home.他们在家。

（2）表示经常性或习惯性的动作
①I go to school at seven every day.②He plays soccer on Sundays.
（3）表示主语具备的性格和能力等
①She likes apples.②They speak Japanese.③She is medium build.
肯定式否定式
I am a cleaner. I am not a…
You are right. You are not…
He / She / It is here.He / She / It is not…
We / You / They are outgoing We / You / They are not…
否定式和疑问式
We go to school at seven every day. He goes to school at seven every day.
We don‘t go to school at seven.He doesn‘t go to school at seven.
Do you go to school at seven? Does he go to school at seven?
Yes, we do.（No, we don‘t.）Yes, he does.(No, he doesn‘t.)
一般现在时常和表示时间频度的副词连用。

如：often, usually, sometimes, always, never, hardly ever等。

1. I often read books in the evening
2. Do they usually go to school by bike?
3. He doesn‘t like milk. He never drinks it.
4. Sometimes my mother gets back at five.
一般现在时常和以下时间表达法连用。

如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at noon, at night,every day,on Sunday(s), at seven 等。

Do they have math in the morning?
She sleeps nine hours every night.
It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.
They don‘t h ave classes on Sundays.
动词第三人称单数的构成：
1、直接加—s：look—looks read—reads play—plays stop—stops
2. 在字母s, x,ch,sh,o后加—es：
miss—misses fix—fixes watch—watches wash—washes
go—goes do—does
3. 辅音字母加y结尾的动词去y为i，再加--es
carry – carries study – studies hurry – hurries cry – cries
4.特殊的：have -- has
【语法练习】选择填空
() 1.A: How often ______ she exercise?
B: Twice a week.
A. do
B. does
C. doing
D. did
() 2. I ______ like to drink milk. A.not B. doesn‘t C. don‘t D. no
() 3. Good food and exercise ______ me to study bettter.
A. help
B. helps
C. helping
D. to help
() 4. Is her lifestyle the same ______ yours or different?
A. as
B. in
C. at
D. to
() 5. I like ____ for breakfast. A. a book B. a ruler C. an egg D. a sofa
() 6. The ____are $21. A. glasses B. shoe C. table D. bike
() 7. Tennis ____ my favourite sport. A. are B. is C. am D. be
() 8. I have a tennis and my friend Jim ____ two tennis rackets.
A. have
B. play
C. plays
D. has
() 9. ―Let‘s play computer games.‖―That ____ interesting.‖
A. looks
B. sounds
C. listens
D. reads
()10. My father likes football. But he ____ it.
He only ____ football matches on TV!
A. plays, watches
B. play, watch
C. doesn‘t play, watches
D. plays, doesn‘t watch
【参考答案与解题思路】
【参考答案】 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. A7. B8. D9. B10. C 【解题思路】
1. 本题考查助动词do和does 的用法。

在疑问句或否定句中，当主语为第三人称单数时，主动词用does, 因此，答案为B.
2.本题考查助动词do和does 的用法。

因为I 不是第三人称单数形式，因此，答案为C.
3.此题为判断和理解型试题,Good food and exercise 是两项事物，因此主语不是第三人称单数形式，因此，答案为 A.
4.本题考查固定短语the same as 的用法，答案为A.
5.本题考查辨认食品类单词, 只有egg是食品, 故答案为C.
6.本题考查动词be的用法, 但考察方法与前面第３小题不同．根据题中的are来判定应该用名词复数．故答案为
A.
7.本题考查动词be的用法, 虽然tennis是以-s结尾，但是，它是单数名词，因此，答案为B.
8. 本题考查动词have, has的用法，由于Jim 是第三人称单数，所以，答案为D.
9.本题考查交际用语―That sounds interesting.‖的使用，因此，答案为B.
10.本题考查一般现在时的用法，首先根据题中My father likes football.和But的提示, 判定第一个空应选择doesn‘t play,又根据on TV而得到答案watches, 故答案为C.
【综合能力检测】
一．根椐题意和所给的字母提示，填入正确的单词。

1. Hamburger is a kind of j__ __ __ food. I hardly ever eat hamburgers.
2. I surf the in__ __ __ __ __ __ every day.
3. Look! The old people are on the hill__ __ __. They climb the hills once a week.
4. Tom studies English best in our class. He has a big v__ c__b__l__r__.
5. My grandparents exercise twice a week to st__ __ healthy.
6. Some students watch TV three or four t__ __ __ __ a week.
7. Does it m__ __ __ a big difference if you eat fruit every day?
8. It's very important to have a good eating h__ __ __ __.
9. I never go shopping. I can't st__ __ __ shopping.
10. She often g__ __ __ to the movies on weekends.
二.连词成句
1. what, usually, you do, on, do weekends?________________________________________?
2. how often, your brother, does, take, a, shower?__________________________________?
3. I, nine , hours, sleep, every , night._____________________________________.
4. Betty, milk, drinks, every, morning.____________________________________.
5. some, students, once, watch, TV, or, twice, a, week.__________________________________.三.方框选词
2. My father ________ ever watches TV in the evening.
3. Thanks for ________ me.
4. Mary often _________ to the movies on weekends.
5. Grandma is pretty healthy because she ___________ every day.
6. You must ________ to eat less meat.
7. I like __________ basketball.
8. What did you do in summer holidays?
I ________ to Hongkong with my parents.
9. My mother _______ me a new bike on my birthday .
10.What are you doing? We are __________ our room.
四. 根椐括号中所给提示词语，回答问题。

1. What do you usually do on weekends?( climb the hill)___________________________________.
2. How often do you go to the movies?( once a year)_____________________________________
3. How often does your brother play soccer? ( three or four times a week)
____________________________________________________
4. What does your mother do at home? ( watch TV)_______________________________________
5. Are you healthy? (yes)____________________________________________
五.写作
Peter is pretty healthy. He exercises every day.______________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________
John is unhealthy . He hardly ever exercises._________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
【答案与解析】
一．根椐题意和所给的字母提示，填入正确的单词。

1. junk
2. internet
3. hilltop
4. vocabulary
5. stay
6. times
7. make
8. habit
9. stand10. goes
二.连词成句
1. What do you usually do on weekends?
2. How often does your brother take a shower?
3. I sleep nine hours every night.
4. Betty drinks milk every morning.
5. Some students watch TV once or twice a week.
三.方框选词
1. take
2. hardly
3. visiting
4. goes
5. exercises
6. try
7. to play
8. went
9. gave10. cleaning
解析：
1. 本题考查动词短语take a shower 的用法, 由于时间状语为every night,应该用一般现在时。

又语为I , 因此答案为take.
2. 本题考查短语hardly ever 的用法, 因此答案为hardly.
3．for 为介词，介词的后面应该用动名词，因此答案为visiting.
4. 本题考查短语go to the movies 的用法。

时间状语为often，应该用一般现在时。

主语为第三人称单数，故答案为goes.
5. 根椐所给词语和题意理解为：grandma 身体健康的原因是每天锻炼身体，因此，本题答案为: exercises.
6. must是情态动词，其后应该接动词原形，根椐题意，本题答案为try.
7. 动词like 可以构成：like doing sth. 和like to do sth. 意思为：喜欢做某事。

本题根椐题意和所给词汇，答案应为to play.
8. 根椐题意判断，本题为一般过去时态。

故答案为went.
9. 根椐题意判断，本题为一般过去时态。

又根椐所给的词汇，本题答案为：gave.
10. 因为本题为现在进行时态，又题中横线的前面已经有are, 根椐题意，本题答案为cleaning.
四. 根椐括号中所给提示词语，回答问题。

1. I usually climb the hill on weekends.
2. I go to the movies once a year.
3. My brother plays soccer three or four times a week.
4. She watches TV at home.
5. Yes, I am.
解析：
3. 主语是My brother，第三人称单数，因此动词应该用plays.
4. 主语是She, 第三人称单数，因此动词应该用watches.
5. 根椐所给词意确定，本题答案应该为一般疑问句的肯定回答，所以答案为, Yes, I am.
五.写作
根据所给条件，写出短文，书写时应该用一般现在时。

同时还要注意动词的形式，因为主语都是第三
人称单数，所以动词也应该用第三人称单数形式。

请看正确答案：
后附本单元听力材料Unit 1听力材料
Section A 2a and 2b
A: So, Cheng, how often do you watch TV?
B: Hmmm…about twice a week, I guess.
A: Uh-huh. And how often do you read?
B: Oh, I read every day at school!
A: How often do you go to the movies?
B:Huh… let‘s see… maybe once a month?
A: How often do you exercise?
B: Oh, I exercise about three times a week.
A: How often do you shop?
B:Shop? I shop about …about twice a month.
Section B 2a and 2b
A: Thanks for coming for the interview.
B:That‘s OK. This is Bill. You can interview him, too.
A: OK. then so, how often do you exercise?
B: Every day.
C: Hardly ever.
A: Uh. How often do you eat vegetables and fruit?
B: I eat vegetables ten or eleven times a week and I eat fruit every day.
C: I sometimes eat vegetables—maybe twice a week. But I never eat fruit.
I don‘t like it.
A: All right. So how many hors do you sleep every night?
B: Nine. I need lots of sleep.
C: Same. Nine. I need lots of sleep, too.
A: How often do you drink milk?
B:Never. I can‘t stand milk. It‘s awful!
C: Oh, I love milk—I drink it every day.
A: What about junk food? How often do you eat it?
C: I love junk food ---I eat it three or four times a week.
B: Yeah, I love it too. I guess I eat it two or three times a week.
A: Well, thank you very much.
B:You‘re welcome.
新目标英语八年级上第2单元知识讲解及练习含答案
【重要词汇概览】
◆ matter n.事情，问题,差错◆ arm n.臂，胳膊◆ back n.后背，背脊
◆ ear n.耳朵◆ eye n.眼睛◆ foot n.脚，足（pl. feet）◆ leg n.腿，腿部◆ neck n.脖子，颈部◆ nose n.鼻子
◆ stomach n.胃，胃部◆ tooth n.牙齿(pl. teeth) ◆ sore adj.疼痛的
◆ stomachache n.胃痛，腹痛，肚子痛◆ throat n.喉头，喉咙
◆ toothache n.牙痛◆ fever n. 发烧◆ lie v.躺，卧，平放在某处(lay, lain)◆ honey n.蜂蜜◆ dentist n.牙医◆ illness n.疾病，生病
◆ advice n.劝告，忠告，建议◆ thirsty adj.渴的，口渴的
◆ heal v.医治，治愈◆ balance n. 平衡，平衡状态，协调
◆ might aux.v. 可能,可以,允许(may 的过去式) ◆ beef n.牛肉
◆ lamb n.小羊，羊羔，羊羔肉◆ energy n.精力，活力，能力
◆ life n.生命，人生◆ bean n. 豆，豆科植物
◆ stray v. 远离，走失，离题◆ balanced adj.平衡的,协调的
◆ diet n.饮食,节食◆ backache n.背痛
◆ improve v.改善，改良，提高◆ speaking n.口语
◆ headache n. 头痛◆ homestay n.待在家里
◆ important adj.重要的，重大的，严重的
【重要词组概览】
◆ have a cold患感冒◆ stressed out 紧张的，有压力的◆ bean sprout豆芽
◆ get tired感觉疲惫◆ stay healthy保持健康◆ at the moment此刻，现在
◆ on the other hand另一方面◆ get a cold患感冒◆ see a dentist看牙医
◆ go to the party去参加聚会◆ make sb sick使某人不舒服(患锁病)
◆ have a sore throat 嗓子痛◆ have a fever发烧,发热◆ have a toothache牙痛
◆ have a backache背痛◆ have a headache头痛
【语法知识聚焦】看病需要和医生交流，这是英语口语中必不可少的内容。

从医生询问病情，病人诉说病情，到医生检查、诊断和医嘱，这些环节最常用的语句，同学们必须掌握。

一、医生询问病情的常用语句：
1. What's wrong/the matter (with you)?你怎么了？
What's your trouble, young man? 年轻人, 你哪里不舒服?
When did it start?从何时开始生病的？
2. How are you (feeling) now?你现在觉得怎么样?
Are you feeling better today?你今天好些了吗?
3. Have you got a headache/a cough? 你头痛/咳嗽吗?
4. When did you feel unwell?你什么时候觉得不舒服的?
5. When did the pain start?疼痛何时开始的?
6. Did you sleep well?你睡得好吗?
Do you feel tired?你觉得疲劳吗?
7. How long have you been like this?你像这样有多久了?
8. Did you eat anything for breakfast?你早饭吃了什么没有?
二、病人诉说病情的常用语句：
1. I don't feel very well. / I'm not feeling well. 我感到不舒服。

2. I have (got) a headache.我头痛。

I have a sore throat.我嗓子痛。

I have a backache. / I have a pain in my back. 我后背痛。

There's something wrong with my leg.我的腿有毛病了。

3. I feel terrible.我感到很难受。

I feel even worse.我感到情况更糟了.
4. I don't feel like eating anything.我什么都不想吃.
5. I dream too much. 我的梦特别多.
I can't fall / be asleep in the evening. 晚上我睡不着.
6. It began two days ago. 两天前开始的.
7. I don't feel any better now. 我感觉没有什么好转.
8. I had noodles for lunch today. 今天午饭我吃的是面条.
三、医生检查、诊断和治疗的常用语句:
1. Open your mouth and say"Ah---'.张嘴说"啊---- ".
2. Let me take your temperature. 让我给你量量体温.
3. There's nothing much wrong / serious with you.你没什么大问题.
4. You have got a bad cold. 你患了重感冒.
5. You have to be in hospital.你得住院.
6. You'd better stay in bed for a few days.你最好卧床几天.
You'd better not eat too much sugar.你最好别吃太多的糖.
Eat less food and take more exercise. If you do that, you'll feel much healthier.
少吃些,多锻炼,不久你的身体就会健康得多.
Drink more water.多喝水.
You should drink a lot of water. 你应该多喝水。

Have a good rest.好好休息.
7. Take one of these pills twice a day.这些药每次服一片,每天两次.
Take the medicine after meals.饭后服药.
8. You'll soon be all right.你很快就会康复的.
I hope you feel better soon.我希望你很快就会好起来。

Try to relax before you go to sleep.睡觉前尽量放松一下。

【能力训练】
一、补全对话
小明生病了，他流鼻涕，还不停的咳嗽。

现在他正在看医生，请阅读并补全他们的对话。

A: I'm not feeling well, doctor.
B: What's the 1?
A: Well, I have a runny nose and I 2stop coughing.
B: You have 3 a cold.
Take some medicine and 4 a good sleep.
You'll 5better soon.
A: Thank you doctor.
二、连词成句
1. should, he, bed, to, go, early_______________________________________.
2. have, you, do, throat, sore, a ________________________________________?
3. should, to, healthy, you, exercise, stay____________________________________________.
4. shouldn‘t, she, tired, when, study, she, is_____________________________________________.
5. Sonja, shouldn‘t, party, tonight, to, go, the, certainly________________________________________.
三、语法填空
1. What is she doing now?
She ______________ (play) the kite now.
2. Where did he go on vacation?
He ___________ (stay) at home.
3. I am tired now. I _________(study) late last night.
4. My mom________(like) the color of blue, but my grandparents
________(like) the color of yellow.
5. A: I ______ _________ ________ (feel) well now.
B: You should go to the doctor.
6. He believes that I should __________(have) a good habit.
四、翻译句子
1.牛奶能帮助你保持健康的身体。

Milk can _______ you ________have a healthy body.
2.我爸爸让我好好学习英语。

My father _________ me ________ study English well.
3.我妈妈说我应该晚饭尽量少吃肉。

My mom said that I should ________ _______ eat less meat for dinner.
4. 不要太疲劳，不然会使你生病的。

Don‘t ______ too tired. Or it will _________ you sick.
5. 我相信每天晚上8个小时的睡眠很重要。

I believe that it‘s ________ ________ sleep 8 hours each night.
五、作文
Tom每天都不能按时上交老师留的作业，请你至少给他写5条建议，建议要合情合理。

Tom can‘t finish the homework on time. I think he should take the advice like:
He should ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____
【知识天地】
下列对话中，后面划有横线的一行均有一处错误，请找出错误，并把正确的答案写在横线上。

A: What's the wrong with you, young man? 1. ____
B: I'm not feel well and I'm very weak. 2. ____
I can't do some work, doctor. 3. ____
A: Do you have headache? 4. ____
B: No, I don't.
A: Do you sleep well in night? 5. ____
B: Yes, I sleep very well.
A: Did you eat breakfast every morning? 6. ____
B: No, I don't. And I eat only a little foods7. ____
of lunch and supper because I want to 8. ____
keep thin.
A: Oh, I see. There's much nothing wrong with you.9. ____
You need eat more food and have three meals 10. ____
a day. And do some exercises every day.11. ____
Then you'll turn better soon.12. ____
【参考答案点拨】
一．答案：
1. matter/trouble
2. can't
3. caught/had/got
4. have
5. feel/be/get
解析：
1. What's the matter? 和What's the trouble?是医生向病人询问病情时的常用语句，答案为matter/trouble。

2．本句中前部分用了动词have，因此而推断本题为一般现在时，又从语言背景中得知：他不停的咳嗽，因此答案为can't。

3．此句为现在完成时态，主动词have+动词的过去分词。

have a cold, catch a cold, get a cold 都表示患了感冒，因此答案为caught/had/got
5. You'll 是You will 的缩写形式，其后应该接动词原形，better是形容词，必须与连系动词连用，因此答案为feel/be/get。

二、 1. He should go to bed early.
2. Do you have a sore throat?
3. You should exercise to stay healthy.
4. She shouldn't study when she is tired
5. Sonja certainly shouldn't go to the party tonight.
三、答案：
1．is playing 2. stayed 3. studied 4. likes, likes
5. am not feeling
6. have
解析：
1. 根据问句得出，动词play 应该用现在进行时，所以答案为is playing.
2. 根据问句得出，动词stay应该用一般过去时，所以答案为stayed.
3. 由于本句的时间状语为last night, 所以动词study应该用一般过去时，所以答案为studied.
4. 根椐句意，某人喜欢某种颜色属于个人的习惯与爱好，应该用一般现在时表示，两处主语都是第三人称单数，所以答案为likes, likes.
5. 根据You should go to the doctor. 推断出答案应该是：am not feeling。

6．should 为情态动词，其后应该加动词原形，因此答案为have.
四、答案：
1. help, to
2. tells, to
3. try to
4. be, make
5. important to
解析：
1. 本题考查动词短语help sb. to do sth. （帮助某人做某事）的用法，答案为help, to.
2. "好好学习" 我们理解为是父母经常对我们的嘱咐，应该用一般现在时，tell sb. to do sth. 意为让某人做某事，答案为tells, to。

3. 本题考查动词短语try to do sth. 意为: 尽量/努力/试图做某事, 所以答案为try to.
4. 表示疲劳要用系表结构be tired. will 为助动词, 其后应该加动词原形，表示某事物使得某种情况发生, 其中的"使得" 应该用动词make 来表示，因此答案为be, make.
5. 本题考查固定句型It's...to do sth. 例如: It's good to help others.
It's bad for your eyes to read in bed. 等。

因此本题答案为important to.
五、He should finish homework on time every day. He shouldn't watch TV every night. He shouldn't play computer games until midnight. He should watch TV after he finishes homework. And he should play computer games once a week only on Saturday evening. I think he can become a good boy.
【知识天地答案及解析】
1. wrong改成matter 或去掉the.
2. feel改为feeling.
3. some改为any. 此句是否定句。

4. headache 前加a。

have a headache 是习惯用法，表示―头痛‖。

5. in 改为at。

at night是习惯用法，表示―在夜间‖。

6. Did 改为Do。

有时间状语every morning, 应该用一般现在时。

7. foods 改为food. food 作食物讲时是不可数名词。

8. of 改为for。

这是习惯搭配。

9. much nothing 改为nothing much。

nothing是不定代词，修饰语形容词应该放在其后。

10. need 后加to。

在肯定句中，need 一般用作实义动词，故后跟动词时要加to.
11. exercises 改为exercise。

exercise与do 搭配表示―进行体育锻炼‖时，为不可数名词。

12. turn 改为get。

表示―身体健康状况变好‖时，
新目标英语八年级上第3单元知识讲解及练习含答案
【重要词汇概览】
◆babysit v. 临时受雇照顾(婴儿)◆at home 在家◆Tibet西藏
◆Hawaii 夏威夷（美国州名）◆sightseeing n. 观光;游览
◆fishing n. 捕鱼;钓鱼◆rent v. 租用;出租
◆plan n. & v. 计划;设计;筹划◆Greece希腊
◆finally adv. 最后地;最终◆decide v. 决定;下决心;解决
◆lake n. 湖;湖泊◆region n. 地方；区域
◆countryside n. 乡下；农村；乡村◆forget v. (forgot, forgot forgotten) 忘记；忘却◆return v. 后来；归去；归还◆Paris巴黎（法国首都）
◆tourist n. 旅行者；游客
重要词组概览】
◆go sightseeing 去观光旅行◆take walks去散步◆go fishing去钓鱼
◆take a vacation去度假◆think about 考虑；思考◆decide on决定
◆the Great Lakes 五大湖(加拿大与美国之间的五个大湖)◆a no-stress vacation 一个没有压力的假期◆Hong Kong香港◆how long多久◆get back回来
◆San Francisco旧金山（美国加利福尼亚州西部港市）◆sports camp运动野营
◆go bike riding骑自行车旅行◆go camping去野营◆go hiking去远足◆the Great Wall 长城◆have a good time玩得很高兴，过得很愉快
【语法知识聚焦】
一、本单元学习用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作，例如：
1. What are you doing for vacation?你假期准备干什么？
I'm visiting my grandmother.我准备去看我的奶奶。

When are you going?你想什么时候去？
What's she doing for vacation? 她假期准备干什么？
She is going camping.她打算去野营。

What are they doing for vacation?他们假期准备干什么？
They are relaxing at home.他们打算在家里放松一下。

2. 还有一些动词的现在进行时形式表示将要发生的动作：leave, come, stay，hike等。

例如：1) My father is leaving for Shanghai next week. 我父亲下周要动身去上海。

2) A: Mary! Supper is ready.玛丽！晚饭好了。

B: I'm coming, mum.妈妈，我马上就来。

3) A: What are you doing for vacation?你假期准备干什么？
B: I'm going hiking in the mountains.我准备去山里远足。

4) I'm staying home to do my homework next Sunday. 下个星期天我准备待在家里做作业。

二、课文注释
1. go fishing去钓鱼
同样的用法还有：go shopping去购物go swimming去游泳
go bike riding骑自行车go sightseeing去观光
go skating去滑冰go camping去野营
2. That sounds nice. 听起来不错。

1）sound 是动词，意思是: 听起来, 发出声音：
That sounds interesting. 听起来不很有意思。

That sounds great.听起来太好了。

Your idea sounds a good one. 的想法听起来很好。

Your proposal sounds quite feasible. 你的提议听起来很可行。

When the bell sounds, you must come in. 铃响时，你必须进来。

2）sound 还可以作名词，表示―声音，响声‖ 例如：
The light travels faster than sound.光比声音快。

the sound of birds singing鸟儿歌唱的声音
3. I just finished filming my last movie. 我刚刚拍摄完我的最后一个电影。

film v. 拍电影
finish doing something做完某事
例如：
When we finished cleaning our classroom, we went home.
Don't take the book away. I haven't finished reading it.
【综合能力检测】
一．根椐题意和所给的字母提示，填入正确的单词。

1. A: How's the w__ __ther there? B: It's sunny.
2. A: How l__ __ __ are you staying there? B: I am staying there for three weeks.
3. A: W__ __ __ __ are you going for vacation? B: Italy.
4. My mother often t__ __ __ __ walks after supper.
5. My father often goes f__ __ __ing by the river on Sundays.
二. 连词成句
1.what, doing, Mary, is, vacation, for? _____________________________________________?
2.they, visiting, are, friends, their , next, week. _______________________________________.
3.can, I , some, you , questions, ask, your , about, vacation pla ns?
___________________________________________________?
4.we, going, to, are, Great Wall, the, morning, tomorrow ________________________________.
5.how long, you, are, staying , there? ____________________________________________?
三．补全对话
B: I‘m _1___________ my uncle in London.
A: When are you __2___________ for London?
B: I‘m leaving the first week in October.
A: Who are you going _3_______?
B: I‘m going there with my parents?
A: What are you _4________ there?
B: _5________ are going _6_____________,visiting museums and going to the beach.
A: And what‘s the _7___________ like there?
B: Oh, it‘s very beautiful this time of the year. It‘s sunny and _8___________. But sometimes it __9___________.
A: I hope you‘ll ___10 ___________ a good time.
B: Thanks a lot.
四. 用所给的词的正确形式填空。

1. A: What are you doing for vacation?
B: I‘m going fish ing and swimming for vacation.
A: That __________(sound) nice.
2. A: What are you doing there?
B: I‘m ___________ (take) walks after supper in the evening.
3. I don‘t like ______________ (eat) junk food.
I eat it only three ________(time) a month.
4. A: What did you do last night?
B: I _____________ (watch) TV.
A: How long ________ you ___________ (watch) it?
B: I ___________ (watch) it just for half an hour.
5. A: What _______ your father do on Sundays?
B: He often _________ (read) newspapers.
五．完成句子
1．这个星期天我准备去远足。

I ________ __________ __________ this weekend.
2. 假期张力准备去游泳和骑自行车。

Zhang Li is going swimming and _______ ________ _______ on vacation.
3. 喝牛奶会帮助我保持身体健康。

Drinking milk can ____________ me __________ healthy.
4. 我正在考虑去广州度假。

I‘m _________ _________ going to Guang Zhou for my vacation.
5. 我决定在家里放松一下。

I decide ______ ______ relax at home.
六. 写作：十一国庆节期间你准备去海南度假。

请你写一个旅游计划（所给的提示词语必须都用上）During the National Day vacation leave for on 29th by plane with
stay beach fishing shopping sightseeing help…forget….
__________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________
【参考答案点拨】
一． 1. weather 2. long 3. Where 4. takes 5. fishing
1. 答句是It's sunny. 与天气有关，所以答案应该为weather.
2. 答句中有for three weeks, 表示一段时间，应该用How long来提问，所以答案应该为long.
3. 答案应该为Where, 答句是表示地点的Italy(意大利)。

4．答案应该为takes, 晚饭后为休闲时间，walks与take连用表示散步，主语是第三人称数。

5．答案应该为fishing, 根据介词短语by the river, on Sundays, go fishing 是固定短语。

二、1. What is Mary doing for vacation?
2. They are visiting their friends next week.
3. Can I ask you some questions about your vacation plans?
4. We are going to the Great Wall tomorrow morning.
5. How long are you staying there?
三、1. visiting 2. leaving 3. with 4. doing 5. We
6. sightseeing
7. weather
8. cool
9. rains 10. have
1. 答案为visiting，与前面的am一起构成谓语动词am visiting。

2. 答案为leaving, 与前面的are一起构成谓语动词are leaving。

4. 根椐上下文答案为doing , 与前面的are一起构成谓语动词are doing。

9. but表示意思的转折，sometimes是一般现在时的时间状语，主语是第三人称单数，故答案为rains.
四、1.sounds 2.taking 3.eating/to eat, times 4. watched, did, watch, watched 5. does, reads
1. sounds, 此种句子用一般现在时.
2. taking, 问句和答句的时态应该一致.
3. eating/to eat, like doing, like to do 都表示喜欢做某事.
times 表示次数, 是可数名词。

time表示时间, 是不可数名词。

4. watched, did, watch, watched，问句和答句的时态应该一致，因为谈论的是昨天晚上发生的事情，应该用一般过去时态。

在疑问句中实义动词应该用动词原形。

5. does, reads，often是用在一般现在时中的时间状语。

五、 1. am going hiking 2. going bike riding 3. help, stay
4. thinking of
5. to be
3. 帮助某人做某事为：help sb. (to) do sth. 保持健康为: stay healthy, 故答案为help, stay.
5. 决定做某事为decide to do sth. 放松be relax。

故答案为to be。

六、During the National Day I'm going to Hainan for vacation with my parents.
We are leaving on 29th of September. We are going there by plane.
We are staying there for about two weeks. We are going sightseeing there.
We are going to the beach. We are going fishing, going shopping and so on.
What wonderful vacation it is! It can help me forget all my trouble.
A no-stress vacation. I can't wait. I'll be a new girl when I return to Beijing.
新目标英语八年级上第4单元知识讲解及练习含答案
【重要词汇概览】
◆subway n. 地铁，地下火车◆train n. 火车◆minute n. 分钟
◆kilometer n. 公里，千米◆quick adj. 快的,迅速的◆half n. 一半，二分之一
◆past prep. 在时间上超过，在......之后，经过◆stop n. 车站
◆transportation n. 运送，运输◆north n. 北部，北方adj. 北部的，北方的
◆depend v. 依靠，依赖◆must aux.v. 必须，一定要◆bicycle n. 自行车
◆ill adj. 生病的，不健康得◆worry v. 担心，担忧，焦虑
【重要词组概览】
◆grow up长大，成长◆take sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人某些时间去做某事
◆in common 共有，相同◆leave for 离开去某地
◆travel abroad 去国外旅游◆go down to延续至；走下去…
◆most of大多数的◆some of一些◆take the subway乘坐地铁
◆how far多远◆bus station汽车站◆bus ride乘汽车之行
◆school bus校车◆come back回来◆take the train乘坐火车
◆take the bus乘坐公共汽车◆get to school到校◆by boat乘坐小船
◆walk to school 步行去上学◆from ...to...从....到.... ◆half past six六点半
◆depend on依靠，依赖◆be different from和......不同◆have to不得不
【语法知识聚焦】
1. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人某些时间去做某事
例如：It took the people a lot of time to get to the mountain.人们花了很多时间才到了那座大山。

It takes me twenty minutes to get to school on foot every morning.每天早晨我步行到学校要花费二十分钟。

It will take three hours to finish the work.完成那项工作需要花费三个小时。

2. 动词take还有其他词义；例如：
1) 得到；获得You have to take it as you find it.对这个你只得将就些算了。

2) 拿；握住；抓住The mother took her child by the hand.母亲拉着孩子的手。

3) 取走，拿走Take this shopping home.把这件买的东西拿回家。

The foods here are all free - take any you like.这里的食品都是免费的,你们随便吃吧。

Who has taken my chocolate?谁拿了我的巧克力？
4) 乘，坐，搭（车、船）Shall we go by bus or take a cab?我们是乘公共汽车去还是乘出租汽车去?
to take a bus to work乘公共汽车上班
5) 吃；喝；服用；吸入
Take your medicine.把药服下。

6) 进行；作；为
to take a walk散步
If you don't take / get more exercise you'll get fat.你如果不多锻炼就会发胖。

The state government has decided to take a 50% cut of oil profits.州政府决定抽取石油利润的百分之五十。

We must take a long hard look at their suggestion.他们的建议我们要好好研究一番。

to take a look around在附近看看
7) 测出，量出
Take your temperature.量一量你的体温。

8) 减掉，去掉
If you take 4 from 10, you have 6.十减去四剩六。

9) 懂得；了解
Do you take me?你懂我的意思吗？
10) 攻读，修（课）
Did you take history at school?你在学校上过历史课吗？
11) 吸引；着迷
He is really taken by the little dog.他对小狗着了迷。

12) 持续，花费（时间）
Just a minute, it won't take me long to change.等一下,我很快就可以换好衣服。

This new pain-killer doesn't take long to act on the pain?这种新止痛药不需要很长时间就能发挥止痛作用。

13) 照像，拍照
This time, he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro so that he could take photographs and measure temperatures.这次他设法爬进了基特罗火山口,以便能拍到照片,测量温度。

I had my picture taken this morning.今天早晨我照了像。

3. depend v. 依靠，依赖
1) depend（常与on, upon连用）视情况而定
That depends.视情形而定。

It all depends on how you tackle the problem.那要看你如何应付这问题而定。

2)（常与on 连用）信任，信赖；需要
I haven't a car, I have to depend on the buses.我没有汽车，只能靠公共汽车。

Children must depend on their parents.孩子们必须依赖他们的父母
You can depend on his honesty.你可以相信他的诚实
depend on依靠；由...而定, 取决于；从属于；依赖其维持
depend upon依靠；由...而定, 取决于；从属于；依赖其维持
【综合能力检测】
一. 根椐题意和所给的字母提示，填入正确的单词。

1. Granny isn't in good health. My family w__ __ __ __ about her very much.
2. A: What time is it?
B: It h__ __ __ past seven. The meeting begins at eight o'clock.
A: Oh, then we have thirty minutes to relax before the meeting.
3. Beijing is in the n__ __ __ __ of China.
4. He has a qu__ __ __ mind. He is always the first to find the answers.
5. Mary has to look after her mother at home.
Because her mother is i__ __ in bed.
二. 连词成句
1. how, your, does , father , to, go, work?_______________________________________________________?
2. how, they, do, to, school, get, every day?______________________________________________________?
3. how long, it , does , take, you, get, to, home, from , to , school?
_________________________________________________________?
4. the, early, takes, bus, him, his, to, work place__________________________________________________.
5. in North America, to, go, school, most, students, on, school, the , bus
__________________________________________________________.
三. 方框选词,用所给动词的适
2. The bus ride usually takes _____25 minutes.
3. We're _______ going to visit Mr. Smith.
4. He _____ the bike to the subway station.
5. A: _____ does she live from school?
B: She lives very near from school.
四. 补全对话
A: 1do you get to school?
B: I 2the train.
A: 3does it take?
B: Oh, around forty minutes. How about you?
A: I take the subway.
B: Ho long does that 4?
A: Oh, 5thirty-five minutes.
五. 完成句子
1. 昨晚我用了一小时写作业。

It _____ _____ one hour _____ _____ my homework yesterday evening.
2. 我可以信任你吗？
Can I _____ _____ you?
3. 这个航班要飞多久？
____ ____ does the flight take?
4. 下雨时，我乘坐出租车。

When it _____, I take a taxi.
5. 周末我喜欢骑自行车.
I like _____ _____ my bike on the weekends.
6. 我们匆匆吃了饭，然后跑着去赶火车。

We had a _____ meal and then _____ _____ _____ the train.。