Unit 1 核心素养提能练

核心素养提能练
“阅读理解＋完形填空”组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
The local government killed more than 34,000 stray dogs(流浪狗) several months ago because those officials were afraid that the dogs would spread rabies(狂犬病)．
This caused a debate across the country.Some people said that it was very cruel to kill dogs.There might be a better way to prevent the disease.
In the future，killing stray dogs might be seen as a crime.The Chinese government published
a draft of animal rights law.It says that a person who kills a stray dog without good reason will be put in prison.
The draft also says that animal abuse and abandoning animals will be considered crimes under the criminal law.
The government published the draft so that the public could read it and discuss their thoughts.People share different opinions.Some think the law is good.They say other countries like Britain and Japan have similar laws.They say we will do better at protecting animals if there is one.But others say it’s not necessary to fight animal abuse with a new law.Criticisms and fines can do the job.
Some people also say that the draft doesn’t deal with the biggest issues facing the country’s development.The country should make progress to give all people equal rights，they say，before turning attention to animals.
Another part of the draft is causing discussion.It says that people should not force animals to
do something dangerous，like jumping through a ring of fire.But many people enjoy watching this kind of performance at the circus，especially kids.They say that if the animal does it properly，it will not get hurt.
语篇解读猎杀流浪狗事件引发了一系列的社会讨论，政府出台颁布了《动物保护法》草案。

1．Which of the following is acceptable according to the draft of animal rights law?
A．Killing a dog with rabies.
B．Beating an animal for fun.
C．Abandoning a blind pet dog.
D．Forcing a cat to jump through a ring of fire.
答案 A
解析细节理解题。

根据第四段“The draft also says that animal abuse and abandoning animals will be considered crimes under the criminal law.”可知B、C两项不可接受；由最后一段中的“It says that...a ring of fire.”可知D项也不能被接受。

故选A项。

2．We can tell from the text that .
A．all people agree with the law
B．criticisms and fines can protect animals
C．protecting animals is the biggest issue in China
D．people have different opinions on the law
答案 D
解析推理判断题。

从文章的后三段来看，人们对于《动物保护法》草案所持的态度各不相同，故答案应为D。

3．If the law goes into effect，.
A．people can’t kill stray dogs any longer
B．the country won’t have human right problems
C．kids may not be able to watch animals’ performances in a circus
D．animals will not be killed
答案 C
解析推理判断题。

根据文章最后一段可知，该草案禁止动物进行危险的表演，所以如果草案得以实施，可能就不会再有动物杂技表演了，故C项正确。

Ⅱ.完形填空
“Hi! How are you？” A woman smiled as she took the seat beside me.She had to lower herself slowly，squeezing her fat body into the seat.I 1 a little towards the window，feeling worried silently about the long hours of 2 I was going to experience with this monster(怪物) beside me.
She said，“My name is Laura.I’m from Britain.If we’re going to spend six hours side by side on this 3 ，we’d better be friends.”Then she started a conversation with me and didn’t 4 my unfriendly reactions.She talked 5 about herself and her trip to Hong Kong.
I gave her one-word answers to her questions about me.Not affected by my coldness，she nodded as she made 6 about my answers.She was warm and considerate，7 that I had
room to stretch in my seat.I couldn’t help but let down my 8 ura was an interesting conversationalist.During our conversation，Laura 9 to make every crew member on the plane walk away laughing at her jokes.
I asked Laura，“Have you ever 10 losing some weight？”“No.I don’t trust the advertisements from slimming centers at all.”“You aren’t worried about the diseases that come with being 11 ？”“Not at all.You only get the diseases if you’re worried about your weight all the time.I’m this size 12 I was born to be big! There is more to life than worrying about weight all day long.”She drank her wine.“Besides，God gave me so much happiness that I need a 13 body to hold all of it! Why would I lose weight to lose my happiness？”
14 by her unusual reasoning，I smiled.I suddenly 15 that Laura was the most beautiful woman I had ever met in my life.
1．A.walked B．turned
C．moved D．backed
答案 C
解析根据句意可知，作者往窗户边上挪了一点。

move移动。

故选C。

2．A.noise B．discomfort
C．silence D．tiredness
答案 B
解析根据句中的“this monster(怪物) beside me”可知，作者感觉和这个女士在一起不舒服。

discomfort不适。

所以选B。

3．A.bus B．train
C．flight D．ship
答案 C
解析根据第三段最后一句中的“every crew member on the plane”可知选C。

4．A.look into B．take notice of
C．look for D．take control of
答案 B
解析根据上一句要与作者交朋友可知，劳拉并没有注意到作者不友好的反应。

take notice of
注意到。

故选B项。

5．A.nervously B．angrily
C．sadly D．excitedly
答案 D
解析句意为：她兴奋地谈论自己和自己的香港之行。

excitedly激动地，兴奋地。

故选D。

6．A.notes B．comments
C．predictions D．conclusions
答案 B
解析根据语境可知，劳拉一边评论作者的回答一边点头。

comment评论，评价。

故选B 项。

7．A.finding out B．believing in
C．making sure D．feeling like
答案 C
解析根据句中“She was warm and considerate”可知，劳拉是个很体贴人的，因此保证作者能伸展开。

make sure确保。

故选C。

8．A.attention B．attitude
C．idea D．guard
答案 D
解析根据后句的“Laura was an interesting conversationalist.”可知，她是一个有趣且善谈的人，作者慢慢地放松了警惕。

guard 警惕。

故D项符合题意。

9．A.managed B．pretended
C．forgot D．failed
答案 A
解析根据句中“walk away laughing at her jokes”可推断，劳拉能使每个为我们服务的人笑。

manage应付(困难局面等)，设法对付，做到。

故选A。

10．A．suffered from B．cared about
C．benefited from D．thought about
答案 D
解析根据后文中的“I don’t trust the advertisements from slimming centers at all.”可知，作者问劳拉有没有想过减肥。

think about思考，考虑。

故选D。

11．A.overweight B．critical
C．embarrassed D．anxious
答案 A
解析根据下句可知，此处作者问她：“你不担心由超重引起的疾病吗？” overweight超重的，过重的。

故答案为A。

12．A.if B．because
C．though D．until
答案 B
解析根据语境可知，这里为因果关系，故用because。

13．A.bigger B．thinner
C．lower D．longer
答案 A
解析根据后句内容可知，劳拉不想减肥，因为她需要更大的(bigger)身体来装下这些快乐。

故选A。

14．A.Worried B．Upset
C．Surprised D．Frightened
答案 C
解析根据句中的“her unusual reasoning”可推断，给出这么一个不同寻常的理由，让作者很惊讶。

surprised 惊讶的。

故选C。

15．A.proved B．imagined
C．realized D．remembered
答案 C
解析根据语境可推断，作者意识到劳拉是自己遇到过的最美的女人。

realize 意识到，知道。

故选C。

主观题规范练
Ⅲ.语法填空
Local 1. (official) in Beijing promised to further protect the city’s cultural heritage，in particular the narrow streets known as hutongs.
Hutongs are 2. (common) found in the cities of North China，but they are in danger.Beijing is nowadays believed to have fewer than 1,000 hutongs，most of 3. are near the Forbidden City.Only 60 years ago，the number of the hutongs 4. (be) 3,250.
“Usually more than 100,000 people visit the Forbidden City during the National Day holidays.The visits put pressure on the 5. (protect) of cultural relics，” said Huang Yan，director of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Urban Planning,6. (add) that hutongs should be protected from human damage.
The government concentrated 7. how the protection plans were carried out.Wang Shaofeng，head of the Xicheng District Government，said the area has 182 cultural relics,8. many of them were built as far back as the Yuan Dynasty.The district of Xicheng has 1.28 million residents in its 50.7 square kilometers of land.“The most efficient way is to decrease the local population to reduce the possibility of causing harm to the heritage，”Wang said.“Each community has been required 9. (report) the status of its cultural heritage.”
No one knows for sure how many hutongs 10. (leave) in the coming 100 years.
语篇解读本文主要讲了北京的政府官员承诺进一步保护城市的文化遗产——胡同。

1．答案officials
解析考查名词复数。

空前没有冠词修饰，且此处表示不止一位官员，故应用名词复数形式。

2．答案commonly
解析考查副词。

设空处修饰谓语动词are found，作状语，应用副词形式。

3．答案which
解析考查关系代词。

设空处指代先行词hutongs，引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作介词of的宾语，故用which引导。

4．答案was
解析考查时态和主谓一致。

由时间状语“60 years ago”可知，应用一般过去时；且主语为“the number of the hutongs”，所以填was。

5．答案protection
解析考查词性转换。

根据空前的the和空后的of可知，设空处应用名词。

6．答案adding
解析考查非谓语动词。

分析句子结构可知，Huang Yan与add之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用动词-ing形式作伴随状语。

7．答案on
解析考查介词。

concentrate on意为“集中注意力于”，为固定搭配。

8．答案and
解析考查连词。

分析句子结构可知，设空处应用连词；且根据语境可知，应用and。

9．答案to report
解析考查非谓语动词。

require sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事，为固定用法，此处是其被动形式be required to do sth.。

10．答案will be left
解析考查时态和语态。

根据时间状语“in the coming 100 years”可知，应用一般将来时；且hutongs与leave之间是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。

Ⅳ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

续写的词数应为150左右。

Long ago，there was a big apple tree.A little boy loved to come and play around it every day.He climbed to the top of the tree，ate the apples，and took a nap under the shadow.He loved the tree and the tree also enjoyed playing with him.
As time went by，the little boy grew up and he no longer played around the tree.
One day，the boy came back to the tree，appearing sad.“Come and play with me，”the tree asked the boy gently.
“I am no longer a kid；I won’t play around trees anymore，” the boy replied.“I want toys.I need money to buy them.”
“Sorry，but I don’t have money.However，you can pick all my apples and sell them.Then，you will have money.” The boy was so excited that he picked all the apples on the tree and left happily.The boy didn’t come back after that.
The tree was upset.
One day，the boy returned and the tree was so joyful.“Come and play with me，” the tree said.
“I don’t have time to play.I have to work for my family.We need a house for shelter.Can you help me？”“Sorry，I don’t have a house.But you can cut off my branches to build your house.”So the boy cut all the branches of the tree and left with delight.
The tree was glad to see him happy but the boy didn’t appear since then.The tree was again lonely and sad.
One hot summer day，the boy returned and the tree was delighted.“Come and play with me！” the tree requested.
“I am sad and becoming old.I want to go sailing to relax myself.Can you give me a boat？”“Use my trunk to build the boat.You can sail and be happy.” So the boy cut the tree
trunk to make a boat.He went sailing and did not show up for a long time.
Paragraph 1：
Many years later ，the boy finally returned . Paragraph 2：
The apple tree is our mother .
一、故事梗概
故事梗概⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ 有个小孩和树一起玩
小孩长成少年，树给予果实换玩具
少年成为成年，树给予树枝建造房屋成年变为老年，向树索取树干做船
二、情节推断 根据已给出的续写部分每段的开头语并展开合理想象可推断：
1．第一段应主要讲述男孩回来之后与树的对话，其中应包括人物心理活动。

2．第二段应该根据首句提示进一步提升话题，描述为什么说树就像我们的母亲，二者有什么相似之处。

可根据自己的想象构建故事情节。

续写两段的四要素如下：
Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 时间
Many years later ，the boy finally returned when we are young ，when we grow up 地点
Under the apple tree In our home 人物
The boy ，the apple tree Mother ，we 事件
to see the apple tree ，no longer have anything to offer ，have a seat in the tree take care of us ，wait for us ，never ask for rewards ，show concern for her
三、要素串联
将已确定的四要素串联，并增加细节描写，完成读后续写。

参考范文
Many years later ，the boy finally returned.Feeling tired ，he went to see the apple tree.At the sight of him ，the tree said regretfully ，“I ’m sorry ，boy ，but now I no longer have anything for you ，no apples ，no branches ，no trunk.”“It doesn ’t matter.I have no intention of getting anything from you this time.As you know ，I ’m getting old and nothing is better than a comfortable place to rest ，”said the boy.Hearing this ，the tree smiled with relief ，adding ，“My
dying trunk is the right one for you.Please come here and have a seat.”The boy did as he was told and the tree burst into tears，due to the fact that she could still devote herself to her boy.
The apple tree is our mother.When we are young，she tries her utmost to take care of us and play with us.When we grow up，we leave her for some reasons and only come back when necessary or in trouble.But she is always there，waiting for us and ready to offer what she owns without complaint.Never does she ask for rewards；instead，it is our happiness that she desires for.So，try to put ourselves in her shoes and learn to show concern for her.。