2012四川大学考博真题文献学
四川大学博中国文学典籍真题
四川大学2012年考博中国文学典籍真题回忆版一、填空，十三经注疏注者和疏者（每题2分，共10分）1、《周易正义》，魏晋，唐疏。
2、《礼记正义》，汉注，唐疏。
3、《春秋左氏传正义》，晋注，唐疏。
4、《毛诗正义》，汉注，汉笺，唐疏。
5、《孝经》，唐注，宋疏。
二、名词解释（共十个，其他忘了，每个2分）尔雅、小雅、摄提贞于孟陬、质而含章、获麟、三坟五典、三、标点《礼记》大同篇四、翻译成现代汉语《大雅﹒生民》五、解释《周易》乾卦卦辞，并进行解说。
乾，元亨利贞九二：见龙在田，利见大人。
九三：君子终日乾乾，夕惕若，厉，无咎。
九四：或跃在渊，无咎。
九五：飞龙在天，利见大人。
上九：亢龙有悔。
用九：见群龙无首，吉。
六、结合具体文学作品论证下面一段话。
故论其典诰则如彼，语其夸诞则如此。
固知楚辞者，体慢于三代，而风雅于战国，乃雅颂之博徒，而词赋之英杰也。
观其骨鲠所树，肌肤所附，虽取镕经意，亦自铸伟辞。
故骚经九章，朗丽以哀志；九歌九辩，绮靡以伤情；远游天问，瑰诡而惠巧；招魂招隐，耀艳而深华；卜居标放言之致，渔父寄独往之才。
故能气往轹古，辞来切今，惊采绝艳，难与并能矣。
自九怀以下，遽蹑其迹，而屈宋逸步，莫之能追。
故其叙情怨，则郁伊而易感；述离居，则怆怏而难怀；论山水，则循声而得貌；言节候，则披文而见时。
是以枚贾追风以入丽，马扬沿波而得奇，其衣被词人，非一代也。
故才高者菀其鸿裁，中巧者猎其艳辞，吟讽者衔其山川，童蒙者拾其香草。
若能凭轼以倚雅颂，悬辔以驭楚篇，酌奇而不失其贞，玩华而不坠其实，则顾盼可以驱辞力，欬唾可以穷文致，亦不复乞灵于长卿，假宠于子渊矣。
（出自《文心雕龙·辨骚第五》）四川大学考博中国文学典籍四川大学2010年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题一，写出下列成语出自哪部典籍（每小题0.5分，共5分）、1，缘木求鱼2，巧言令色3，温故知新4，大器晚成5，越俎代庖6，朝三暮四7，半途而废8，和光同尘9，心宽体胖10，项庄舞剑二，将下列文具补充完整。
四川大学古代文学考博试题
四川大学2010年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题一、分别指出下列文句、诗句、词句所属作者和篇（书）名。
（10分）1，桑之未落，其叶沃若。
于嗟鸠兮，无食桑葚。
于嗟女兮，无与士耽。
2，朝晦不知晦朔，蟪蛄不知春秋，此小年也。
楚之南有冥灵者，以五百岁为春，五百岁为秋；上古有大椿树，以八千岁为春，八千岁为秋，此大年也。
3，日出东南隅，照我秦氏楼。
秦氏有好女，自名为罗敷。
4，被褐出阊阖，高步追许由。
振动千仞冈，濯足万里流。
5，夫天地者，万物之逆旅也；光阴者，百代之过客也。
6，香稻啄馀鹦鹉粒，碧梧栖老凤凰枝。
7，文起八代之衰，道济天下之溺，忠犯人主之怒，而勇夺三军之帅。
8，长条故惹行客，似牵衣待话，别情无极。
9，碧云天，黄花地，西风紧，北雁南飞。
晓来谁染霜林醉，总是离人泪。
10，玉树歌残秋露，胭脂井坏寒蛰泣。
到如今只有蒋山青，秦淮碧。
二，简答题（20分，每小题10分）1，什么叫“四六”？结合苏轼等人作品简要谈谈宋四六的艺术特点。
2，宋代有哪几部诗话总集？试说出书名、编撰者、编排体例和文献价值。
三，论述题（任选一题，50分）1，阅读刘子健《略论南宋的重要性》两段话并根据提问说出你的看法。
（1）中国近八百年的文化，是以南宋为领导的模式，以江浙一带为重心。
（2）以这重心领导的文化模式，虽然起源于北宋，可是北宋在生长中，变化中，到南宋才又改变加定型。
问题：这两个相关的论断是否合理？南宋文化是否属于这一文化模式？宋代文学发展是否与这一文化模式发展同步？2，阅读刘再复《双典阅读笔记》两段话并根据提问说出你的看法：（1）终于意识到和《水浒传》的逻辑划清界限，和《三国演义》的逻辑划清界限，才有灵魂的健康，无论是对于自己还是自己出生的民族，都是如此。
（2）《水浒传》与《三国演义》是压在中国人身上心上的大山。
问题：刘再复所说的《水浒传》和《三国演义》的逻辑分别指向什么？“双典”为何如“大山”？你如何理解“双典”？2009年中国古代文学一，分别指出下列文、诗、词、曲句所属作者和篇（书）名。
【四川大学】博士研究生---副本
1.马克思主义通货膨胀理论与西方货币学派比较2.价值的生产与分配理论3.资本的周转与循环理论2012年四川大学博士生入学试题《资本论》与社会主义市场经济理论1.马克思地租理论及其现实意义；2.马克思价格理论及其现实意义；3.马克思失业理论与西方经济学失业理论的比较.2012年四川大学博士生入学试题《政治经济学研究》1.从经济增长方面看通胀的管理；2.欧债危机；3.工业化、城镇化和现代农业化三化关系。
2010年四川大学博士生入学试题《政治经济学研究》1、论我国城镇化中的土地流转2、论我国现阶段的收入分配3、论新时期我国的宏观经济政策2011年四川大学博士生入学试题《资本论》与社会主义市场经济理论1.大宗商品价格波动的意义及其传导机制2.社会主义的生产目的；3.我国的工资理论2011年四川大学博士生入学试题《政治经济学研究》1.马克思的通货膨胀理论及其与西方通货膨胀理论比较2.实体经济与虚拟经济的关系3.论述转变经济发展方式2007年四川大学博士生入学试题《资本论》与社会主义市场经济理论1.马克思的商品理论及其现实意义2.马克思的扩大再生产理论？3.马克思的收入分配理论与西方经济学的收入分配理论比较1.马克思的货币理论及其现实意义2.马克思的资本循环与周转理论3.马克思的经济危机理论与西方经济周期理论的比较2009年四川大学博士生入学试题1.马克思的经济理论与当前金融危机2.马克思的地租理论及其现实意义3.劳动力价格的形成四川大学博士考试辅导，结合中央经济工作会议，我们提出以下问题请加以思考：1.实现经济自主增长的意义及途径（从原来的政策推动经济增长转到……）2.通货膨胀的成因及对策3.高通胀与低增长之间的关系（统筹速度、结构、物价三者的关系）4.经济风险的形成原因及化解对策5.金融风险的形成原因及化解对策6.发展实体经济的意义及途径7.提供发展包容性的途径8.经济金融潜在风险与宏观调控的方向及途径9.宏观调控的“稳中求进”的意义及其途径学科专业代码、专业名称及研究方向导师姓名招生人数考试科目101 经济学院 45人020101 政治经济学 12人01 中国经济改革杨继瑞杨明洪陈永正① 1001 英语或 1002 日语或 1003 俄语② 2001 《资本论》与市场经济理论③ 3001 政治经济学研究020102 经济思想史 3人01 马克思主义经济理论的形成与发展研究蒋永穆蒋和胜陈永正① 1001 英语或 1002 日语或 1003 俄语② 2001 《资本论》与市场经济理论③ 3002 经济思想史四川大学经济学院定于2012年3月12～19日开设“《资本论》与社会主义经济理论”专题研讨班。
四川师范大学博士英语考试真题答案解析版 2012
四川师范大学2012年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题考试科目名称：英语I.Reading Comprehension(30%)Passage OneThere are people in Italy who can't stand soccer.Not all Canadians love hockey.A similar situation exists in America,where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball.Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens.They tell you it's a game better suited to the19th century,slow,quiet,and gentlemanly.These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there's the sport that glorifies"the hit".By contrast,baseball seems abstract,cool,silent,still.On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives,replays,close-ups.The geometry of the game, however,is essential to understanding it.You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject;you may,of course,project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The TV won't do it for you.Take,for example,the third baseman.You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate.His legs are apart,knees flexed.His arms hang loose.He does a lot of this.The skeptic stili cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive.But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws:the third baseman goes up on his toes,flexes his arms or bring the glove to a point in front of him,takes a step right or left,backward or forward,perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman's position.Suppose the pitch is a ball."Nothing happened,"you say."I could have had my eyes closed."The skeptic and the innocent must play the game.And this involvement in thestands is no more intellectual than listening to music is.Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot;smooth the pocket in your glove;watch the eyes of the batter,the speed of the bat,the sound of horschide on wood.If football is a symphony of movement and theatre,baseball is chamber music,a spacious interlocking of notes,chores and responses.1.The passage is mainly concerned with2.3.4.no5.We can safely conclude that the authorA.likes footballB.hates footballC.hates baseballD.likes baseball Vocabulary1.dugout n.棒球场边供球员休息的地方2.pitcher n.投手3.symphony n.交响乐4.chamber n.室内长难句解析①解析：此句的主干是"Baseball..means...watching…"，其中"in funny tight outfits"用来修饰"grown men","standing…"和"staring"用来做"grown men"的定语。
2003-2016年四川大学914中国文学考研真题及答案解析 汇编
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硕士研究生入学考试真题_四川大学2012年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题文学概论
四川大学2012年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题考试科目：文学概论（含马列文论）科目代号：328#适用专业：文艺学、中国古代文学、中国现当代文学一、下列主张或论述是何人最先提出的？它的基本内涵是什么？（每小题5分，共30分）1、“汉、魏风骨”2、“这样，你就得更加莎士比亚化，而我认为，你的最大缺点就是席勒式地把个人变成时代精神的单纯的传声筒。
”3、“历史家与诗人的差别不在于一用散文，一用‘韵文’；希罗多德的著作可以改写为‘韵文’，但仍是一种历史，有没有韵律都是一样；两者的差别在于一叙述已发生的事，一描述可能发生的事。
因此，写诗这种活动比写历史更富于哲学意味，更受到严肃的对待；因为诗所描述的事带有普遍性，历史则叙述个别的事。
”4、“近而不浮，远而不尽，然后可以言韵外之致耳。
”5、“……资本主义生产就用某些精神生产部门如艺术和诗歌相敌对。
不考虑这些，就会坠入莱辛巧妙地嘲笑过的十八世纪法国人的幻想。
既然我们在力学等方面已经远远超过了古代人，为什么我们不能也创作出自己的史诗来呢？于是出来了《亨利亚特》来代替《伊利亚特》。
6、“不是歌德创造了《浮士德》，而是《浮士德》创造了歌德。
”二、简答下列问题：（每小题10分，共30分）1、马克思关于美的问题的基本观点是什么？你有何评价？2、“诗言志”说与“诗缘情”说之比较。
3、作为语言艺术，文学有哪些区别于其他艺术部类的主要特征？试联系实际作比较分析。
三、论述题：1、论抒情文学2、论大众传播3、论文学的一般意识形态的再研究。
四川大学2001年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题考试科目：文学概论（含马列文论）科目代号：328#适用专业：文艺学、中国古代文学、中国现当代文学一、阐释并简评下列的论述：（每小题6分，共30分）1、“有造境，有写境，此理想与写实二派之所由分。
然二者颇难分别。
因大诗人所造之境，必合乎自然，所写之境，亦必邻于理想故也。
”2、“列甫·托尔斯泰是俄国革命的镜子。
四川大学2011-2012年博士研究生入学考试试题(病理学)
四川大学2011-2012年博士研究生入学考试试题（病理学）2012年《病理学》名词解释（15分）1.Aschoff body2.primary complex3.nephrotic syndrome4.abscess5.metastatic calcification6.pro-oncogen7.apoptosis8.piecemeal necrosis9.two-hit hypothesis10.wet gangrene11.ARDS12.metaplasia13.anaplasia14.granuloma15.amniotic fluid embolism二．判断题（20题，10分）1.肝细胞坏死液化为液化性坏死。
2.静脉血管中可见白色血栓，红色血栓和混合血栓。
3.蜂窝织炎由草绿色链球菌感染引起。
4.免疫力较低，菌量多毒力强时，肺结核总表现为渗出和增生。
5.甲状腺癌中髓样癌预后较好。
6.心衰细胞是左心衰，右心衰的标志。
7.各种玻璃样变的形成机制是一样的。
8.肠结核的溃疡与长轴垂直，呈烧瓶状。
9.急性新月体型肾炎由肾小球壁层细胞增生形成。
10.动脉硬化性脑萎缩是神经性萎缩。
11.脂肪栓塞只引起脑血管栓塞。
12.肿瘤命名中，“瘤”都是良性，“肉瘤”都是恶性。
13.脐周浅静脉曲张，食管下端静脉丛曲张，内痔和外痔均是肝硬化门脉高压的表现。
14.血吸虫感染引起的损害中，虫卵引起的病变最严重，危害最大。
15.支气管扩张形成右心衰。
三．简答题（75分）1.列举与人类肿瘤发病密切相关的病毒及其作用机制。
（10分）2.简述病毒性肝炎，血吸虫行肝病，阿米巴肝脓肿的病理学特点。
（10分）3.为什么肢体的皮肤伤口一般7天拆线?如果伤口感染，能否仍然拆线？（10分）4.简述基因芯片技术在生命科学领域的应用，试举例说明。
（10分）5.蜂窝织炎的特点是什么？为什么急性蜂窝织性阑尾炎须急诊手术并给予大剂量抗生素治疗？（10分）6.胫骨骨折患者为什么会肌肉萎缩？在诊疗护理过程中应注意观察什么？为什么骨折愈合后经锻炼会功能恢复？（10分）7.除传统的检查（HE染色）外，还有一些可指导肿瘤的诊断，治疗及预后判断。
2012四川大学复试笔试真题 2
2012四川大学高分子材料复试真题（选作100分）
一．高物高化（60）
1.苯酚在酚醛树脂、尿素在脲醛树脂中的聚合度各是多少？聚合机理是什么？（6）
2.阴离子聚合反应试、引发剂、反应条件（8）
（1）嵌段SIS （2）嵌段St—MMA
3.定相聚合概念？合成立构规整聚合物的方法?（8）
4.AIBN引发剂合成PS，保持反应温度不变，在聚合初期，改变单体、引发剂浓度使聚
合度不变、聚合速率提高一倍，单体和引发剂浓度怎么变化？（8）
5.膨胀剂、DSC、DMA测定Tg的原理，以及测定结果差异的原因？（10）
6.Ps、HIPS的结构差异，热学、力学、光学性能的差别？（10）
7.Mn、Mw、Mz、M 的表达式？粘度法、膜渗透压、光散射直接测得物理量及测得
何种分子量？（10）
二．有机化学、复合材料、成型工艺、共混改性（80）
1.稳定性顺序：仲碳自由基、乙烯基自由基、苄基自由基、甲基自由基（10）
2.自由基聚合机理并举例说明（10）
3.从原料准备—聚合—分离—后处理的步骤，叙述乳液聚合丁苯橡胶的生产过程（10）
4.何为Z-N下PP的气相本体聚合、液相本体聚合和溶液聚合，各有什么特点？液相本
体、气相本体聚合联用有什么意义？（10）
5.挤出成型的特点及对原料的要求？（10）
6.双向拉伸能改善那些性能？（10）
7.为什么要对增强材料进行表面处理？碳纤维的三种表面处理方法？（10）
8.合成不饱和聚酯玻璃钢时，为改善其透光率，采用哪些方法？（10）。
2005-2012年四川大学历史学考博试题
2005-2012年四川大学历史学考博试题2005-2012年四川大学历史学考博试题2005年四川大学历史学考博试题史学通论缺中国近现代社会与文化专题一，必做题试论20世纪前期的地方自治二，选做题1，以个案分析新式交通的兴起对城市发展的影响（城市史方向考生必做）2，晚清废除科举制的意义与影响（中国近代经济与社会方向必做）1，论南京国民政府的文化取向（中国近现代文化史必做）2，评民国时期关于西化问题的论战（中国近现代思想与学术必做）3，戊戌之后三十年中中国传统士绅与知识分子社会角色的转化（中国近现代区域经济与社会必做）4，民国时期各约法（或宪法）之制宪背景与内容异同（中国近现代政制研究必做）2006年四川大学历史学考博试题史学通论一，论历史比较研究及其意义二，对以下评论加以评说程颐：唐太宗，后人只知是英主，元不曾有人识其恶，至如杀兄取位，若以功业言，不过只做得个功臣，岂可夺元良之位。
朱熹：唐太宗一切假仁借义以行其私。
中国近现代社会与文化一，必做题民国初期国家政治制度演变述论（1912-1927）二，研究方向题1，论严复（中国文化史方向必做）2，评“中国前途”与现代化问题的讨论（中国近现代思想与学术方向必做）3，清代省会城市的地位与作用（中国城市发展研究方向必做）4，清末民初中国城市社会生活的变化（中国近现代经济与社会方向必做）三，中国近现代区域经济与社会研究方向必做题1，名词解释库平银常关昭信股票大比点石斋画报2，问答题庚子之后的中英商约谈判述论四，中国近现代政制研究方向必做题1，名词解释捐纳教谕赵烈文张国淦战国策派2，问答题南京国民政府制宪活动述论2007年四川大学历史学考博试题史学通论一，论历史主义二，评柯文著《在中国发现历史》中国近现代社会与文化专题一，必做题南京临时政府的社会经济改革述评二，选做题1，论19世纪末20世纪初中国文化人对进化论认识的演变及其原因（专门史中国近现代文化史方向必做）2，评20世纪三四十年代蒋介石的社会改良思想与实践（中国近现代史专业中国近现代思想与学术研究方向必做）3，试析近代中国城乡关系的特点（专门史中国城市发展与研究方向必做）4，试析近代中国票号业的发展变化（中国近现代史专业中国近现代经济与社会研究方向必做）5，近代中国人口流动的主要流向、规模、成因及其对中国社会经济文化的作用于影响（专门史中国近现代区域经济与社会方向必做）6，王寄生教授是怎样阐述第一次国共合作时期国共关系的？你是否赞同他的见解？为什么？（中国近现代史中国近现代政制研究方向必做）2008年四川大学历史学考博试题史学通论一，结合本专业实际论历史记忆与历史书写之关系二，如何认识历史领域后现代主义的当代挑战中国近现代社会与文化专题一，论甲午战争对中国政治、经济、社会、社会、思想文化的影响（政治、经济、社会、思想文化四个方面，限选择一个方面展开论述（专门史、中国近现代史各方向必做）二，试评19世纪70至90年代中国社会思想文化的演变（专门史中国近现代文化史方向必做）三，近代中国教案之文化与社会学分析(专门史中国近现代区域经济与社会方向必做)四，试析城市出现衰落的原因（专门史中国城市发展研究方向必做）五，评五四运动以后各派的救国方案（中国近现代史中国近现代思想与学术研究方向必做）六，试析近代中国城市大众文化的兴起（中国近现代史中国近现代经济与社会研究方向必做）七，论段祺瑞临时执政府对北洋军政体系的整合（中国近现代史中国近现代政制研究方向必做）2009年四川大学历史学考博试题史学通论一，结合实例说明历史学的社会功能二，史学领域的后现代主义思潮评述中国近现代社会与文化专题一，报考罗志田教授的考生从以下三题中任选二题作答1，在1820-1950年间选择一个你认为特别重要的史事，简述相关的人与事及其过程，从文化发展的层面讨论其在历史上的作用与影响（述事可以尽量简明，请侧重后面的讨论部分）2，你是怎样认识近代中国的革命（包括言论和行动）的？尽量用事例支持你的看法，请勿空论）3，今年是五四运动90周年，如果让你进一步研究五四新文化运动，你会怎样进行？请具体说明，并解释为什么要这样进行？二，报考其他导师考生选做题1，必做题评民国初年的政党政治2，选做题论南京国民政府立国的文化理论（专门史中国近现代文化史方向必做）评黄宗智的《华北的小农经济与社会变迁》（专门史中国区域经济与社会研究方向必做）比较分析宋末元初与明末清初城市的破坏与重建（专门史中国城市发展研究方向必做）中国现代自由主义评述（中国近现代史中国近现代思想与学术方向必做）比较分析太平天国的妇女解放与清末的妇女解放（中国近现代史中国近现代经济与社会方向必做）庚款办学述论（中国近现代史中国近现代政制研究方向必做）结合史例，谈谈近年来中国近代区域社会经济史领域研究的新特点，并作评述（中国近现代史中国近现代区域研究方向必做）2010年四川大学历史学考博试题史学通论一，论历史思维的方法二，结合史学理论与实践谈谈你对史学即史料学这一观点的认识中国近现代社会与文化专题一。
2012年四川大学语言学文字学考研真题纯文档
14脩：自行東脩以上，吾未嘗無誨焉。
15逑：窈窕淑女，君子好逑。
16然：若火之始然，泉之始達。
17貳：既而大叔命西鄙北鄙貳於己。
18賊：公患之，使鉏麂賊之。
19圖：無使滋蔓，蔓難圖也。
20適：雖使五尺之童適市，莫之或欺。
21謝：秦王色撓，長跪而謝之。
22勸：赦之，以勸事君者。
2.何谓“自指”和“转指”？请举例说明他们的区别。（10分）
二、分析题（共30分）
1.解释下列词语中加点的语素的意义，并说明整个词语的结构和整体义。（每题2分，供10分）
文过饰非墨守成规惊慌失措荼毒生灵差强人意
2.“他的老师教的好”与“他的老师相当好”是同构异义的句子吗？请加以简要分析（10分）
3.结合下列语料，分析下列各句中“不行”的结构和用法上的区别（10分）
2、现代汉民族共同语言是在（）方言的基础上形成的。
3、西南方言属于（）方言。
4、在[p、f、s、x]中，（）不具有其余三个音素所共同具有的发音特征。
5、成都话中，“南”可以读[nan21]，又可以读[lan21]，所以成都话中[n]、[l]是（）
6、“地震”是（）价动词，“跑步”是（）价动词，“给”是（）价动词。
A．结构助词B．动态助词C．时间助词D．语气词
3、“把”字属于介词的是（）
A．我来把门B．抓了一把沙子C．请把门关上D．快拉他一把
4、“我明明看见”中的“明明”是（）
A．形容词B．区别词C．助动词D．副词
5、（）组不是方位短语
A．桌子上、箱子里B．晚上、心里、海外C．五十以下D．两米之内
三、按照普通话的读音为下表例字注音，并将各个音节的结构分别填入表中（8分）
四川大学2006-2015年博士研究生入学考试《史学通论》试题
四川大学2006-2015年博士研究生入学考试《史学通论》试题四川大学2006年博士研究生入学考试《史学通论》试题一，论历史比较研究及其意义二，对以下评论加以评说程颐：唐太宗，后人只知是英主，元不曾有人识其恶，至如杀兄取位，若以功业言，不过只做得个功臣，岂可夺元良之位。
朱熹：唐太宗一切假仁借义以行其私。
四川大学2007年博士研究生入学考试《史学通论》试题一，论历史主义二，评柯文著《在中国发现历史》四川大学2008年博士研究生入学考试《史学通论》试题一、结合本专业实际论历史记忆与历史书写之关系二、如何认识历史领域后现代主义的当代挑战四川大学2009年博士研究生入学考试《史学通论》试题一，结合实例说明历史学的社会功能二，史学领域的后现代主义思潮评述四川大学2010年博士研究生入学考试《史学通论》试题一，论历史思维的方法二，结合史学理论与实践谈谈你对史学即史料学这一观点的认识四川大学2011年博士研究生入学考试《史学通论》试题1、结合专业与史实论20世纪上半叶中国史学的转型2、论历史真理性的相对性与绝对性。
四川大学2012年博士研究生入学考试《史学通论》试题1，论述历史研究者如何构建合理的知识结构2，结合史实论述历史比较研究方法四川大学2013年博士研究生入学考试《史学通论》试题1.辨析历史事实的主观性与客观性2. 结合实际谈谈史料的收集、整理、辨析四川大学2014年博士研究生入学考试《史学通论》试题1.评述历史认识的过程2.试比较历史定量分析与定性分析的关系四川大学2015年博士研究生入学考试《史学通论》试题1.论述历史学在科学发展的作用以及历史学的社会功能2.试论历史研究方法中的整体研究以及跨学科研究。
四川大学考博B中国文学典籍真题与答案
四川⼤学考博B中国⽂学典籍真题与答案四川⼤学2005年攻读博⼠学位研究⽣⼊学考试试题B考试科⽬：中国⽂学典籍科⽬代码：205选⽤专业：⽂艺学、语⾔学及应⽤语⾔学、汉语⾔⽂字学、中国古代⽂学、中国现当代⽂学、⽐较⽂学与世界⽂学、⽂艺与传媒、⽂化批评、⽂学⼈类学、佛教语⾔⽂学、⼴播影视⽂艺学⼀.填空（每题2分，共10分）1.请写出《尔雅》各篇篇名：。
释诂，释⾔，释训，释亲，释宫，释器，释乐，释天，释地，释丘，释⼭，释⽔，释草，释⽊，释⾍，释鱼，释鸟，释兽，释畜。
2.请写出《⽂⼼雕龙》的⼗篇篇名：。
原道第⼀，征圣第⼆，宗经第三，正纬第四，辨骚第五，明诗第六，乐府第七，诠赋第⼋，颂赞第九，祝盟第⼗，序志第五⼗。
3.请写出《⼗三经》各经经名：。
《易经》、《尚书》、《诗经》、《周礼》、《仪礼》、《礼记》、《春秋左传》、《春秋公⽺传》、《春秋⾕粱传》、《论语》、《孝经》、《尔雅》、《孟⼦》⼗三部儒家的经典4.请写出《⼆⼗五史》各史书名：。
⼆⼗五史是中国历代官修的⼆⼗五部纪传体史书的总称。
它包括《史记》、《汉书》、《后汉书》、《三国志》、《晋书》、《宋书》、《南齐书》、《梁书》、《陈书》、《魏书》、《北齐书》、《周书》、《隋书》、《南史》、《北史》、《旧唐书》、《新唐书》、《旧五代史》、《新五代史》、《宋史》、《辽史》、《⾦史》、《元史》、《明史》、《清史稿》等⼆⼗五部史书。
它上起传说中的黄帝（前2550年），⽌于清朝宣统四年（1912年），⽤本纪、列传、表、志等统⼀的体裁的编写。
⼆⼗五史之中，除第⼀部《史记》是通史之外，其余皆为断代史。
5.《庄⼦》共多少篇＿？其中内篇是哪七篇。
33；《庄⼦·内篇·逍遥游第⼀》，《庄⼦·内篇·齐物论第⼆》，《庄⼦·内篇·养⽣主第三》，《庄⼦·内篇·⼈间世第四》，《庄⼦·内篇·德充符第五》，《庄⼦·内篇·⼤宗师第六》，《庄⼦·内篇·应帝王第七》。
2012年四川大学考博英语真题及答案
在职博⼠考试都是院校⾃主命题的，因此考⽣在备考的时候也需要参考申请院校的备考资料，对于历年真题，考⽣也是不能放过。
考⽣对真题要好好的研究，推敲出院校的出题重点，然后在进⾏针对性的备考。
下⾯是在职研究⽣的招⽣⽼师汇总的四川⼤学在职博⼠2012年考博英语真题及答案，希望给考⽣带来⼀定的帮助。
阅读 1)Sign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that signed languages are unique—a speech of the hand. They offer a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy: whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born With, or whether it is a learned behavior. The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher at GallaudetUniversityin Washington, D. C., the world’s only liberal arts university for deaf people. When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school enrolled him in a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed something odd: among themselves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher. Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. At the time, American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English (混杂英语). But Stokoe believed the “hand talk” his students used looked richer. He wondered: Might deaf people actually: have a genuine language? And could that language be unlike any other on Earth? It was 1955, when even deaf people dismissed their signing as “substandard”. Stokoe’s idea was academic heresy (异端邪说). It is 37 years later. Stokoe—now devoting his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL and the deaf culture—is having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution. For decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the modulation (调节) of sound. But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space. “What I said,” Stokoe explains, “is that language is not mouth stuff—it’s brain stuff.” 21. The study of sign language is thought to be _____C___. A) a new way to look at the learning of language B) a challenge to traditional, views on the nature of language C) an approach: to simplifying the grammatical structure of a language D) an attempt to clarify misunderstanding about the origin of language(C) 22. The, present growing interest in sign language was stimulated by ___C_____. A) a famous scholar in the study of the human brain B) a leading specialist in the study of liberal arts C) an English teacher in a university for the deaf D) some senior experts in American Sign Language(C) 23. According to Stokoe, sign language is _____B___. A) a Substandard language B) a genuine language C) an artificial language D) an international language(B) 24. Most educators objected to Stokoe’s idea because they thought _____D___. A) sign language was not extensively used even by deaf people B) sign language was too artificial to be widely accepted C) a language should be easy to use and understand D) a language could only exist in the form of speech sounds(D) 25. Stokoe’s argument is based on his belief that ____D____. A) sign language is as efficient as any other language B) sign language is derived from natural language C) language is a system of meaningful codes D) language is a product of the brain(D) 2)It was the worst tragedy in maritime history, six times more deadly than the Titanic. When the German cruise ship Wilhelm Gustloff was hit by torpedoes fired from a Russian submarine in the final winter of World War II, more than 10,000 people-mostly women, children and old people fleeing the final Red Army push into NaziGermany-were packed aboard. An ice storm had turned the decks into frozen sheets that sent hundreds of families sliding into the sea as the ship tilted and began to go down. Others desperately tried to put lifeboats down. Some who succeeded fought off those in the water who had the strength to try to claw their way aboard. Most people froze immediately. I’ll never forget the screams,” says Christa Ntitzmann, 87, one of the 1,200 survivors. She recalls watching the ship, brightly lit, slipping into its dark grave-and into seeming nothingness, rarely mentioned for more than half a century. NowGermany’s Nobel Prize-winning author Gtinter Grass has revived the memory of the 9,000 dead, including more than 4,000 children-with his latest novel Crab Walk, published last month. The book, which will be out in English next year, doesn’t dwell on the sinking; its heroine is a pregnant young woman who survives the catastrophe only to say later: “Nobody wanted to hear about it, not here in the West (ofGermany) and not at all in the East.” The reason was obvious. As Grass put it in a recent interview with the weekly Die Woche: “Because the crimes we Germans are responsible for were and are so dominant, we didn’t have the energy left to tell of our own sufferings.” The long silence about the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was probably unavoidable-and necessary. By unreservedly owning up to their country’s monstrous crimes in the Second World War, Germans have managed to win acceptance abroad, marginalize the neo-Nazis at home and make peace with their neighbors. Today’s unifiedGermanyis more prosperous and stable than at any time in its long, troubled history. For that, a half century of willful forgetting about painful memories like the German Titanic was perhaps a reasonable price to pay. But even the most politically correct Germans believe that they’ ye now earned the right to discuss the full historical record. Not to equate German suffering with that of its victims, but simply to acknowledge a terrible tragedy. 31. Why does the author say the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was the worst tragedy in maritime history? (B) A) It was attacked by Russian torpedoes. B) It caused the largest number of casualties. C) Most of its passengers were frozen to death. D) Its victims were mostly women and children. 32. Hundreds of families dropped into the sea when ___(A)_____. A) the badly damaged ship leaned toward one side B) a strong ice storm tilted the ship C) the cruise ship sank all of a sudden D) the frightened passengers fought desperately for lifeboats 33. The Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy was little talked about for more than half a century because Germans _____(D)___. A) were eager to win international acceptance B) had been pressured to keep silent about it C) were afraid of offending their neighbors D) felt guilty for their crimes in World War II 34. How does Gunter Grass revive the memory of the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy? (D) A) By describing the ship’s sinking in great detail. B) By giving an interview to the weekly Die Woche. C) By presenting the horrible scene of the torpedo attack. D) By depicting the survival of a young pregnant woman. 35. It can be learned from the passage that Germans no longer think that ____(C)____. A) the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy is a reasonable price to pay for the nation’s past misdeeds B) Germany is responsible for the horrible crimes it committed in World War II C) they will be misunderstood if they talk about the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy D) it-is wrong to equate their sufferings with those of other countries 3)There are people in Italy who can’t stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists inAmerica, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball.『Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens.』① They tell you it’s a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there’s the sport that glorifies “the hit”. By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still. On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The TV won’t do it for you. Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. 『But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or bring the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman’s position.』② Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,” you say. “I could have had my eyes closed.” The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. And this involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speed of the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chores and responses. 1. The passage is mainly concerned with . A. the different tastes of people for sports B. the different characteristics of sports C. the attraction of football D. the attraction of baseball 2. Those who don’t like baseball may complain that . A. it is only to the taste of the old B. it involves fewer players than football C. it is not exciting enough D. it is pretentious and looks funny 3. The author admits that . A. baseball is too peaceful for the young B. baseball may seem boring when watched on TV C. football is more attracting than baseball D. baseball is more interesting than football 4. By stating “I could have had my eyes closed. ” the author means (4th paragraph last sentence): A. The third baseman would rather sleep than play the game. B. Even if the third baseman closed his eyes a moment ago, it could make no different to the result. C. The third baseman is so good at baseball that he could finish the game with eyes closed all the time and do his work well. D. The consequent was too bad he could not bear to see it. 5. We can safely conclude that the author .A. likes footballB. hates footballC. hates baseballD. likes baseball Vocabulary 1. dugout n. 棒球场边供球员休息的地⽅ 2. pitcher n. 投⼿ 3. symphony n. 交响乐 4. chamber n. 室内 5. contemplate vt.沉思，注视 长难句解析 ①【解析】此句的主⼲是“Baseball…means…watching…”，其中“in funny tight outfits”⽤来修饰“grownmen”,“standing…”和“staring”⽤来做“grown men”的定语。
2012四川大学考博英语真题及答案详解
四川大学2012考博英语真题及答案详解阅读1）Sign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that signed languages are unique—a speech of the hand. They offer a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy: whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born With, or whether it is a learned behavior. The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering wor k of one rebel teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington, D. C., the world’s only liberal arts university for deaf people.When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school enrolled him in a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed something odd: among themselves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher.Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. At the time, American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English (混杂英语). But Stokoe believed the “hand talk” his students used looked richer. He wondered: Might deaf people actually: have a genuine language? And could that language be unlike any other on Earth? It was 1955, when even deaf people dismissed their signing as “substandard”. Stokoe’s idea was academic heresy (异端邪说).It is 37 years later. Stokoe—now devoting his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL and the deaf culture—is having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution. For decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the modulation (调节) of sound. But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space. “What I said,” Stokoe explains, “is that language is not mouth stuff—it’s brain stuff.”21. The study of sign language is thought to be _____C___.A) a new way to look at the learning of languageB) a challenge to traditional, views on the nature of languageC) an approach: to simplifying the grammatical structure of a languageD) an attempt to clarify misunderstanding about the origin of language（C）22. The, present growing interest in sign language was stimulated by ___C_____.A) a famous scholar in the study of the human brainB) a leading specialist in the study of liberal artsC) an English teacher in a university for the deafD) some senior experts in American Sign Language（C）23. According to Stokoe, sign language is _____B___.A) a Substandard languageB) a genuine languageC) an artificial languageD) an international language（B）24. Most educators objected to Stokoe’s idea because they thought _____D___.A) sign language was not extensively used even by deaf peopleB) sign language was too artificial to be widely acceptedC) a language should be easy to use and understandD) a language could only exist in the form of speech sounds（D）25. Stokoe’s argume nt is based on his belief that ____D____.A) sign language is as efficient as any other languageB) sign language is derived from natural languageC) language is a system of meaningful codesD) language is a product of the brain（D）2）It was the worst tragedy in maritime history, six times more deadly than the Titanic. When the German cruise ship Wilhelm Gustloff was hit by torpedoes fired from a Russian submarine in the final winter of World War II, more than 10,000 people-mostly women, children and old people fleeing the final Red Army push into Nazi Germany-were packed aboard. An ice storm had turned the decks into frozen sheets that sent hundreds of families sliding into the sea as the ship tilted and began to go down. Others desperately tried to put lifeboats down. Some who succeeded fought off those in the water who had the strength to try to claw their way aboard. Most people froze immediately. I’ll never forget the screams,” says Christa Ntitzmann, 87, one of the 1,200 survivors. She recalls watching the ship, brightly lit, slipping into its dark grave-and into seeming nothingness, rarely mentioned for more than half a century.Now Germany’s Nobel Prize-winning author Gtinter Grass has revived the memory of the 9,000 dead, including more than 4,000 children-with his latest novel Crab Walk, published last month. The book, which will be out in English next year, doesn’t dwell on the sinking; its heroine is a pregnant young woman who survives the catastrophe only to say later: “Nobody wanted to hear about it, not here in the West (of Germany) and not at all in the East.” The reason was obvious. As Grass put it in a recent interview with the weekly Die Woche: “Because the crimes we Germans are responsible for were and are so dominant, we didn’t have the ener gy left to tell of our own sufferings.”The long silence about the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was probably unavoidable-and necessary. By unreservedly owning up to their country’s monstrous crimes in the Second World War, Germans have managed to win ac ceptance abroad, marginalize the neo-Nazis at home and make peace with their neighbors. Today’s unified Germany is more prosperous and stable than at any time in its long, troubled history. For that, a half century of willful forgetting about painful memories like the German Titanic was perhaps a reasonable price to pay. But even the most politically correct Germans believe that they’ ye now earned the right to discuss the full historical record. Not to equate German suffering with that of its victims, but simply to acknowledge a terrible tragedy.31. Why does the author say the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was the worst tragedy in maritime history? （B）A) It was attacked by Russian torpedoes.B) It caused the largest number of casualties.C) Most of its passengers were frozen to death.D) Its victims were mostly women and children.32. Hundreds of families dropped into the sea when ___（A）_____.A) the badly damaged ship leaned toward one sideB) a strong ice storm tilted the shipC) the cruise ship sank all of a suddenD) the frightened passengers fought desperately for lifeboats33. The Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy was little talked about for more than half a century because Germans _____（D）___.A) were eager to win international acceptanceB) had been pressured to keep silent about itC) were afraid of offending their neighborsD) felt guilty for their crimes in World War II34. How does Gunter Grass revive the memory of the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy? （D）A) By describing the ship’s sinking in great detail.B) By giving an interview to the weekly Die Woche.C) By presenting the horrible scene of the torpedo attack.D) By depicting the survival of a young pregnant woman.35. It can be learned from the passage that Germans no longer think that ____（C）____.A) the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy is a reasonable price to pay for the nation’s past misdeedsB) Germany is responsible for the horrible crimes it committed in World War IIC) they will be misunderstood if they talk about the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedyD) it-is wrong to equate their sufferings with those of other countries）There are people in Italy who can’t stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. 『Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens.』①They tell you it’s a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there’s the sport that glorifies “the hit”.By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still.On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The TV won’t do it for you.Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. 『But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or bring the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman’s position.』②Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,” you say. “I could have had my eyes closed.”The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. And this involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speed of the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chores and responses.1. The passage is mainly concerned with .A. the different tastes of people for sportsB. the different characteristics of sportsC. the attraction of footballD. the attraction of baseball2. Those who don’t like baseball may complain that .A. it is only to the taste of the oldB. it involves fewer players than footballC. it is not exciting enoughD. it is pretentious and looks funny3. The author admits that .A. baseball is too peaceful for the youngB. baseball may seem boring when watched on TVC. football is more attracting than baseballD. baseball is more interesting than football4. By stating “I could have had my eyes closed. ” the author means (4th paragraph last sentence):A. The third baseman would rather sleep than play the game.B. Even if the third baseman closed his eyes a moment ago, it could make no different to the result.C. The third baseman is so good at baseball that he could finish the game with eyes closed all the time and do his work well.D. The consequent was too bad he could not bear to see it.5. We can safely conclude that the author .A. likes footballB. hates footballC. hates baseballD. likes baseballVocabulary1. dugout n. 棒球场边供球员休息的地方2. pitcher n. 投手3. symphony n. 交响乐4. chamber n. 室内5. contemplate vt.沉思，注视长难句解析①【解析】此句的主干是“Baseball…means…watching…”，其中“in funny tight outfits”用来修饰“grown men”,“standing…”和“staring”用来做“grown men”的定语。