商务英语阅读习题及答案一.doc
商务英语阅读课后答案
Unit 12. Fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the phrases in the list given below. Make changes when necessary.1) At a time whe n the n eed is grow ing for men tai health services, many coun tries are unfortunately cutting back on its spending.2) There is an in creas ing nu mber of people out of work. But the wester n media ofte n unfairly label them as lazy and reliable.3) Now that the flow of oil has been stopped by BP, thempact of all the spilled oil and n atural gas is still being measured.4) Once again its ability to steer economic policy will be tested against the ability todeliver on services and projects aimed at growing the economy and jobs.5) Hous ing prices are in credibly high today. But he bought his house for a song aboutfive years ago. 6) As people are complaining high prices, especially those related to daily n ecessities,the gover nment feels rather urge nt to hold down in flati on rate immediately.7) Under the new economy policy investors are invited to buy into state-owned enterprises.8) Since a serious gun shooting occurred in Arizona last week, security concerns havetrickled down to all places, in clud ing reside ntial build in gs.9) Social unrest is a daily occurrence in the country nowadays. It is in the last placewhen it comes to nv estme nt for mult in ati onal compa ni es. 10) Efforts to ban smoking in China are so effective yet. Some chain smokers never thinkof quitting while many others have battled in vain to quit. 3. Match the terms in column A with the definitions in column B: A) A reducti on in the gen eral availability of loans (or credit) or a sudde n tighte ning of the con diti ons required to obta in a loan from the banks 1 B) A non-bank entity or organization such as investment companies and mutual funds that inv ests in large qua ntities.§ C) A legal en tity created by a government to un dertakecommercial activities on its behalf.6 D) The trad ing of a corporation's stock or othersecurities (e.g. bonds or stock options) by in dividualswith pote ntial access to non-public in formatio n. 9E) An in dustry that requires large amounts of capital,mach inery and equipme nt to produce goods 5F) Gen erati on of new and creative approaches tosecurities, money man ageme nt or in vest ing lG) An economy that is expanding so rapidly that toomuch money is chas ingtoo few goods and 1) financial innovation2) stimulus package3) overheating 4) stamp tax 5) capital-inten sive sector 6) state-ru n firmecono mists fear a rise in in flati on 卫7) credit crisis H) tax levied on certa in legal tran sact ions such as thetran sfer of a property such as build ing, copyright, land,pate nt, and securities.8) in stituti onal inv estor I) A pla n or a series of measures take n by agover nment to jump-start its aili ng economy,gen erally as a part of its fiscal policy. _210) in sider tradi ng Unit 22. Fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the phrases in the listgiven below:1) The search for the child was scaled back harply today, with almost a third of the volun2) into a recession by year s end.teers head ing home.The former Federal Reserve Chairman saysthere is a risk that the US could slip3) The CEO of the firm said that they would switch priority from traditionallabor- inten sive products to more hi-tech and value-added ones.4) In the aftermath of the financial crisis the group has put on hold some of itsambitious regi onal expa nsion pla ns.5) Toyota Motor Corp. is offering widespread job buyouts to its US workers for the first time and cutting the workweek at some of its American plants by 10% tocontend with falli ng sales.6) Eventually, it must morph into a system that functions on stability, or it will fail andcause an un stoppable breakdow n and widespread hardship.7) Unfortunately most of the central banks in the world today are still firmly underthe thumb of politicia ns.8) The stock market ' enduranee could depend heavily on whether economic andcorporate performa nee rema ins un certa in, or begi ns in dicati ng that the economy truly is out of the woods9) Survivors were encouraged to talk about their horrible experiencesto help them cometo terms with the flood disaster.10) Other coun tries—no tably Australia—have also avoided a bust in their hous ingmarkets, and have in stead see n prices in creas flatten out.3. Match the terms in column A with the explanations in column B:_______ A ______________ ______________________ B1) double-dip recession A) A physical substanee, such as foodgrains and metalswhich is interchangeablewith another product of the sametype, and which investors buy or sell, usually throughfuture con tracts Z2) credit rati ng B) A measure that exam in esthe weighted average ofprices of foodstuffs, ofte n used as an importa nt factor toassess the cost of liv ing93) austerity C) A gover nment policy of deficit-cutt in g, lower spe nding,and a reduct ion in the amount of ben efits and publicservices provided, sometimes coupled with in creases intaxesto pay backcreditors to reduce debt.34) private sector D) A central bank regulation that sets the minimumreserveseach commercial bank must hold to customerdeposits and no tes105) protective tariff E) The part of the economy that is not state con trolled,and is run by in dividuals and compa nies for profit. 46) beggar thy neighbor F) An expression in economics describing policy thatseeks ben efitsfor one country at the expe nse of others.Such policies attempt to remedy the economic problems inone country by means which tend to worse n the problemsof other coun tries67) commodity G) A published ranking based on detailed financialanalysis by a credit bureau, of one' financial history,specifically as it relates to one' ability to meet debt obligations. 28) sovereign-debt crisis H) A crisis in which a national government owes so muchdebt that it is unable to repay or on the edge of ban kruptcy89) food-price index I) A tariff which tries to ban imports to stop themcompeti ng with local products 510) reserve requirement J) A situation where economic growth slides back tonegative after a short-lived growth and the economy maymove into a deeper and Ion ger dow nturr!Unit 31. Fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the phrases in the listgiven below. Make changes when necessary.1) Investors from big cities are quick to snap up real estatesin this booming town for theirrising future values.2) There are already clear signals that the investors will shift away from the finan cialfirm in legal trouble.3) High in put costs are likely to put pressure on steel prices in the domestic market even if dema nd still rema ins high.4) The prime minister said Thursday that a new international airport will be built in thesouther n city to cater to the rising nu mber of passe ngers and air cargoes there. 5) Many econo mists fear that the con tract ion of money supply may dry up financing needed for various econo mic activities.6) Professor Nil was, however, quick to warn the public to be on their guard against thosecoun terfeits alreadyi n circulation7) Academy Awards, Emmy Awards and doze ns of prestigious awards from prominentfilm festivals around the world attest to the stellar quality of the films being featured at the annual World Community Film Festival.8) A neighborhood group in the district plans to hold a fundraiser to help children pay offoverdue book fines so that they can resume using their library9) The writer 'fame shrank last year becausethe public thought he was knockingout so many thi ngs.10) Bus in ess leaders have urged the gover nment to snap up farmla nd overseas togrow basic staples as a buffer aga inst soari ng food prices.11) T he Vancouver team vowed to get back to doing the little things right and knew itwould add up to big things.12) What has happenedover the past few years indicates that great political, socialand econo mic tran sformatio ns are n the making.2. Match the terms in column A with the definitions in column B.A B1) emergi ng market2) profit marg in3) con sumer spe nding4) con sumerism5) disposable in come6) optio n7) econo mic restructuri ng8) turnaround9) curre nt acco unt10) economic model A) A con tract that permits the owner, depe nding on the type of optio n held, to purchase or sell an asset at a fixed price un til a specific dateB) A theoretical con struct that represe nts econo mic processes by a set of variables and a set of logical and qua ntitative relati on ships betwee n then10 C) An economy with fast growth rate but low to middle per capita in come, has ope ned up its market and integrated itself into the global economy;!D) The process of movi ng from a period of losses or low profitability into a more profitable stage for a firm, in dustry or economy.8E) Ratio of profit after taxes to cost-of-sales, ofte n expressed as a perce ntage, measuri ng the profitability of a firm and in dicat ing its cost structure2F) P ortion of the bala nee of payme nts con sisti ng of exports and imports of goods and services, as well as tran sfer payme nts such as foreig n aid gran ts. 9G) The amount of money spe nt by households,measured mon thly, making up an importa nt part of an economy^H) The phe nomenon of an economy shifti ng from amanufacturing to a service sector economic base.7I) A moveme nt equati ng pers onal happ in esswith purchas ing material possessi ons andconsumption. 4J) The amount of in come left to an in dividual after taxes have bee n paid, available for spe nding and sav ing_5Unit 42. Fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the phrases in the listgiven below. Make changes when necessary.1) China will adhere to the prin ciple of develop ing high tech no logy and realiz ingindustrialization to step up the commercialization, industrialization and intern atio nalizatio n of scie ntific and tech no logical achieveme nts.2) In the recent crisis no banks could manageto bail out the companies in financial pressure.3) In terms of the in formatio n from the Uni verse he is apathetic and sometimes irritable, he is like an ostrich sticking hisheadin sand4) It will be up to the board to decide if the CEO should be removed.5) All our hopes rest upon the arrival of the shipme nt.6) The plan has already been worked out , and could be put into operation at a mome nt's no tice.7) The whole machinery of civilization will break down if this doctrine wins in the war.8) His remarks hit home whe n he said that we did n ot work eno ugh.9) Some analysts suspected that Toyo taad pulled strings to stifle probes into its auto quality problems. 10) Mercy is reaching out to those who have no thi ng to give back to you.3. Match the terms in column A with the explanations in column B:A ___________________B ________________________________________ 1)free market 2) coalition government 3) dem on stratio n effects 4) health in sura nee 5) n ati onal in terest 6) pension schemeA) Effects on the behavior of in dividuals caused byobservati on of the actions of others and theirconsequences.B) An economic turmoil where companies go bankrupt, people are laid off, and markets aresluggish. There is a lot of panic in both bus iness and daily lives 9C) A market in which there is no economicinterventionby the state except to enforce privatecon tracts and the own ership of property. 1D) A qualified retirement plan set upby a corporation, labor union, gover nment or other orga ni zation for its employees 6E) A form of collectivism by means of which peoplecollectively pool their risk, in this case the risk ofin curri ng medical expe nses4 F) The ability to obtain what one wants through economic or cultural means. It allows nations toexert their in flue nee without using militarymeans or coerci on 8G) A fight or con ten tio n for territory, power,con trol, or resources betwee n tow more partiesin a place or area.7H) Things of great importa nee to a n ati on,including its goals, visions and ambitions in political, economic,cultural fields, etc. and acti ons, circumsta nces, and decisi onstoachieve them. 5I) A cabinet of a parliamentary governmentin whichseveralparties cooperate.2Unit 72. Fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the phrases in the listgiven below:1) With his expanding wireless broadband plan, Obama wants to usher every Americaninto the 'Digital Age'.2) School activities start winding down about two weeks before the end of semester.3) The man said he couldn't come up with an appropriate answer just at the time.4) Everybody is sure that the ceaseless dripping owater will in the end hollow out astone.5) The progressive movement, which had already brought important changes in federalpolicies, stood on the verge of culmi natio n and fulfillme nt6) The state has suffered so much loss. The smugglers should n ever be allowed to getoff easy.7) After product ion expa nsion, this compa ny now can turn out a millio n televisi onsets a mon th.8) The preeminent writer's personal appearanee picked up the sales of the book considerably9) The n ewly announ ced credit policy may help many family-ow ned bus in esses getthrough the tough times at prese nt..10) The gover nment has imposed drastic econo mic con trols tohoke off in flati on.11) To execute full-cost acco un ti ng, compa nies mus a ccount for the true cost of theirproducts.12) Econo mists are not so optimistic becausethere is no sig n that the recessi on hasbottomed out3. Match the terms in column A with the explanations in column B:A B1 ) bon dholder a) A measure of a compa ny's finan cial health,whichequals cash receipts minus cash payme nts overa give n period of time. 62 ) creditor b) A finan cial assetwhose value has falle n sig nifica ntly and which fails gen erate cashflow and isworth much less tha n expected?3 ) dealership c) An en tity (pers on or in stituti on) that exte nds credit bygiving ano ther en tity permissi on to7) turf war8) soft power9) econo mic crunchborrow money if it is paid back at a later date 2d) A unit specially orga ni zed to work on a sin gledefi ned task 10e) A bus in ess compa ny that is owned or con trolled by ano ther larger compa ny 9f) A pers on owning a bond or bonds issued b a gover nment or a public compa ny 1g) Money used for the preservati on of men tal and physical health by preve nti ng or treat ing ill nessthrough services offered by the health professi on4h) Volume of products or services that can be gen erated by a product ion pla nt or en terprise in agive n period by using curre nt resources 5i) A bus in ess established or operated un der an authorizati on to sell or distribute a compa ny goods orservice in a particular are 3j) Products that are extremely populous among consumers and no rmally sell like hot cakes in themarket.8Unit 81. Fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the phrases in the listgiven below. Make changes when necessary.1) When the starlet was asked abouther new boyfriend, she couldn ' help but gushabout him and their intimate plans for Valentine ' s.Day2) The leaking of as many as 251,000 StateDepartment documents,including secret embassy reportsfrom around the world, is nothing short of a political meltdown for US foreign policy. 3) With very critical views on the government economic policies, she often pals aroundwith those scholars who also take rather radical stanee on economic issues.4) It is high time for every one in the departme nt tokick into full geara nd fulfill our salesquota by the end of the year.5) The mother did whatever possible to prevent her son from hanging out with the guywho she thought was up to no thi ng good.6) Obama svictory in the election was viewed by many as progress in the United States. But I thi nk his eth ni city is beside the point7) The neighbors said what happenedwas totally out of character for the woman theyknew as quiet and frie ndly8) Unfortunately, the firm has not been able to pare ) production cost to the level thatmatches its competitors in the market.9) On the back of strong corporate earnings reports from a number of firms last week,coupled with the improvi ng un employme nt rate, i nv estor sen time nt was bolstered 4) health-care expe nses 5) manu facturi ng capacity 6) net cash flow 7) bad asset 8) hot products 9) subsidiary# 10) task forceon the first trad ing day of the week.10) T he team is expected to take a vote toni ght that coulc feet in motion a new pla n torevitalize the finan cial market.11) It was a long time before our bus in ess part ners could catch on to what we reallyinten ded.12) A s a shrewd man, he successfully pounced at the opport unity last year to becomethe marketi ng man ager.2. Match the terms in column A with the definitions in column B:A B1) market share2) cash drain3) shareholder wealth4) net worth5) man ageme nt team6) brain trust7) bala nee sheet8) capta ins of in dustry9) Ven ture capitalist10) product cycle A) A group of advisors, origi nally to a political can didate,for their expertise in particular fields, but now to anydecision makers, whether or not in politics. 6B) The rate of new product developme nt, whichis getting faster with more severe competitionand faster tech no logical adva nceme nt10C) Perce ntage or proporti on of the totalavailable market or market segment that aproduct or compa ny takes.1D) A group of executives employed to man age aproject, departme nt, or compa ny with theirparticular expertise or skills. 5E) A pers on, project, bus in ess or compa ny thatcon ti nues to con sume large amounts of cashwith no end in sight. 2F) A pers on or firm that inv ests in a bus in ess venture, providi ng capital for start-up orexpa nsion, and expect ing a higher rate of retur n than that for traditional investments.9G) The wealth shareholders get to accrue from theirownership of shares in a firm, which can bein creased by rais ing either share prices or divide nd payme nts.3H) A finan cial stateme nt that summarizes a company's assets, liabilities and shareholders' equity at a specific point in time. 7I) Total assets minus total liabilities, an important determinant of the value of a compa nyprimarily composed of all the money that has bee n inv ested and the retained earnings for the duration of its operation.4L) A bus in ess leader who is especially successful and powerful and whose means of amass ing apers onal fortune con tributes substa ntially to the country in some way 8。
商务英语阅读理解题
商务英语阅读理解题商务英语阅读理解题下面是店铺给大家准备的.有关商务英语的阅读理解题以及答案，有兴趣的朋友可以阅读练习一下哦!第一篇：In this part, there are some reading passages followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements each. For each of them there are four answers marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best one according to your understanding.The so-called Americanization phenomenon seems to be a consequence of the recent globalization in our world. If we find American products worldwide, it is also increasingly common to find Asian products in the United States.Going to any country in Asia nowadays, we are going to see a lot of the American icons (图标) everywhere. A few years ago when I was in Ho-Chi-Min City, formerly known as Saigon, I was completely astonished at the number of billboards advertising products from multinational companies, many of them American. It is unforgettable for me—the vision of the spectacular Coca-Cola billboard on a Ho-Chi-Min Street.Living in the United Slates now, I am discovering many Asian products in America, from food to movies. In one day in San Francisco, or Seattle, or Houston, we can buy Sisheido cosmetics from Japan at the Galleria Mall, have sushi(寿司) and sashimi(生鱼片) in one of the many Japanese restaurants in the city, go to the cinema and enjoy the beautiful American-Chinese movie Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, and take home spring rolls from one of the many Chinese restaurants in town.I understand that a great many people would like to holdhack the globalization process in the world because they think they are losing their own culture, but it is very difficult to stop this process. We can only try to be critical and choose what is best for us to have or to buy.However, many people think that young people are not free to choose when they are constantly exposed to attractive advertisements that are specially made to capture the youth market. Peaceful protests could be arranged just to help people to think about the situation, but the tendency in our world is that we want globalization, but we don't want to lose our own culture.16. The Americanization phenomenon is more possible to be the result of ______.A. the influence of Americanization on the worldB. the influence of the West on the EastC. the globalization in the worldD. American products worldwide17. What was the author in the passage particularly impressed by?A. The wonderful American-Chinese movie.B. The delicious Japanese food in American cities.C. The high quality of Asian products.D. The fantastic advertisement for an American product.18. We can learn from the passage that one of the consequences of globalization that many people worry about is ______.A. the spread of culture from one country to anotherB. the destruction of cultural identitiesC. the prevalence of American cultureD. the resistance to globalization worldwide19. What attitude should we have towards the globalizationprocess?A. Disapproving.B. Pessimistic.C. Critical.D. Indifferent.20. Young people today can't really choose what they should buy because they _______.A. are influenced by American cultureB. don't know what is suitable for themC. are critical about everything in the worldD. are faced with too many powerful advertisements第二篇：In this part, there are some reading passages followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements each. For each of them there are four answers marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best one according to your understanding.Present pension structures no longer work. They were established in a more youthful period with relatively few older people who were often poor and ill, and generally spent only a short time in retirement. In rich countries today, older people are often well-off and in good health, and are spending around 20 years in retirement. Therefore there is the need for reform.This survey has presented the arguments for more private funding and for fairer pensions. Such changes will create motives for individuals to take charge of their own retirement needs rather than leaving the task to the state. This, in turn, will make the provision of public pensions more affordable.Even so, the state will continue to play a leading role in pensions. At a minimum, governments must offer a safety net, probably in the form of a defined benefit financed throughtaxation, for people who for some reason have not been able to provide for themselves and who would otherwise be miserable in old age. More broadly, there is a use for the state to offer a slimmed-down pay-as-you-go pension system, although as far as possible this should be organized along defined-contributions lines. Such provision widens the range of assets to include human capital because the effective return comes from total wages, and offers a safe in low return.Governments also have to create a suitable framework for effective private pensions. Administrative (行政的) expenses have to be tightly controlled, and appropriate tax motives have to be offered to encourage voluntary pension saving. Where the state provides a generous safety net, private-pension saving may have to be made mandatory (强制的), otherwise many people will not bother.So much for the developed countries, but what of the more youthful populations of the rest of the world? In 1994, the World Bank came down heavily in favor of more funding in private accounts. It thought the state's role should be to provide a smallish first pillar with the limited task of providing protection against old-age poverty, and to command a privately-funded second pillar to provide the bulk of pensions.21. More private funding and fairer pensions _______.A. can urge people to save more private pensionsB. may be financed through taxC. can lessen the burden of the stateD. can provide more public pensions22. To create a proper framework for effective private pensions, the government should _______.A. increase the income to encourage voluntary pensionsavingB. encourage voluntary pension savingC. make good use of administrative costsD. not command people to save private-pensions23. According to the World Bank, we can learn that _______.A. the state should provide the majority of pensionsB. the state should provide more protection against old-age povertyC. the role that the state plays in pensions is smallD. private funding should provide the majority of pensions24. What can we infer from the passage?A. The state should provide protection for all the old people.B. The state has to create a suitable framework to restrict the private pensions.C. The state should protect those who can't support themselves.D. The state will play a secondary role in pensions due to more private pensions.25. It can be inferred from the passage the author is probably _______.A. an official engaged in reformation of pension structuresB. a sociologist devoting himself to the research of social pension structuresC. an economist mastering pension structures in developed countriesD. a politician interested in older people>>>>>>参考答案<<<<<<第一篇：CDBCD第二篇：CBDCB下载全文。
商务英语BEC高级阅读训练题及答案
商务英语BEC高级阅读训练题及答案第一部分：阅读理解阅读理解一问题 1：根据文中的信息，请回答以下问题：（a）公司使用云计算可以带来哪些好处？（b）解决云计算安全问题的方法是什么？（c）在购买云计算服务之前，公司需要考虑哪些因素？答案：（a）公司使用云计算可以带来以下好处： - 提高效率和灵活性 - 节约成本 - 随时随地访问数据（b）解决云计算安全问题的方法包括以下几点： - 加强网络和数据安全 - 使用强密码和加密技术 - 定期备份数据（c）在购买云计算服务之前，公司需要考虑以下因素： - 服务提供商的信誉和安全记录 - 数据隐私保护政策 - 数据传输和存储的地理位置 - 协议和合同条款阅读理解二问题 2：根据文中的信息，请回答以下问题：（a）为什么企业需要进行风险评估？（b）企业进行风险评估的步骤是什么？（c）列举三个企业在风险评估中可能面临的挑战。
答案：（a）企业需要进行风险评估是因为它可以帮助企业识别和评估潜在风险，从而采取相应的措施进行风险管理和风险控制。
（b）企业进行风险评估的步骤包括： - 确定潜在风险和其可能导致的影响 - 评估风险的概率和严重程度 - 制定风险管理计划和控制措施 - 监测和追踪风险的发展和影响（c）企业在风险评估中可能面临以下挑战： - 获取准确和完整的信息 - 评估风险的不确定性和主观性 - 管理多个风险因素 - 制定可行的风险管理策略第二部分：答案解析阅读理解一问题 1：（a）公司使用云计算可以带来哪些好处？答案解析：公司使用云计算可以带来以下好处： - 提高效率和灵活性：云计算可以提供快速且灵活的计算和存储资源，企业可以根据需求随时调整资源的规模，并且可以减少时间和成本。
- 节约成本：云计算可以代替企业自己建设和维护服务器和硬件设备，从而节约成本。
- 随时随地访问数据：云计算可以让企业员工随时随地通过互联网访问和共享数据，提高工作效率和协作能力。
（b）解决云计算安全问题的方法是什么？答案解析：解决云计算安全问题的方法包括以下几点： - 加强网络和数据安全：企业可以采取防火墙、入侵检测和数据加密等措施加强网络和数据的安全性。
商务英语阅读课后题答案.docx
何晓春商务英语文选Unit 1Why China WorksExercisesL Answer the questions on the text:1)How does the author view the Chinese economy?It is the most important bright spot in the world economy under the global recession, the only major economy that is likely to show significant growth this year, and the only one that routinely breaks every rule in the economic textbook.2)According to the author, why can the Chinese economy perform so well? Because of:(1)the capacity for state control by the Chinese government.(2)its rejection of exotic financial innovations that are the melting core of the globalcredit crisis.(3)the integration of its economic policies between traditional market tools and statecontrol measures.3)In what way does the author imply that western economists are erroneous in their bias toward “China，s market economic system”？The United States and Europe are moving toward state control by nationalizing their banking and car industries, and imposing heavy new regulation on thefinancial industry.4)What is the view of Stephen Roach on the Chinese economy system?Investment is the backbone of sustainable growth in the Chinese economy, which works more effectively than other market based systems in times of economicstress・5)Why can China work in the eye of the author?It has followed a radical pragmatism focusing on a slow but steady shift toward freer markets.6)What is regarded as the strategic thinking of the Chinese leaders in market reforms?They understand even under the serious financial crisis that it can stabilize the Chinese market and economy to introduce more sophisticated forms of securitization, including stock index funds, corporate bonds and other debt products. They also realize that, in the course of doing this, they should learn from the mistakes the westerners have made.7)What is the example given to illustrate the steadiness of the Chinese leaders in their policy execution?They continue to allow the value of yuan to rise despite of the American charges and the need for export competitiveness by their own enterprises.8)What is “shock therapy”？It is the economic policy adopted in Russia from 1991 to 1992 that totally deregulated prices and lead to a runaway inflation. It proved to be all shock and no therapy.9)In what ways does the Chinese economic system work efficiently?It can get things done quickly, move in a coherent manner, and marshal its people and resources to a common target: economic growth and prosperity.11)What are the Internet and public opinion used for?For putting pressure on local officials and influencing policy decisions.2.Fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the phrases in the list given below. Make changes when necessary.1)At a time when the need is growing for mental health services, many countries areunfortunately cutting back on its spending.2)There is an increasing number of people out of work. But the western media oftenunfairly label them as lazy and reliable.3)Now that the flow of oil has been stopped by BP，the impact of all the spilled oiland natural gas is still being measured.4)Once again its ability to steer economic policy will be tested against the ability todeliveF on services and projects aimed at growing the economy and jobs.5)Housing prices are incredibly high today. But he bought his house for a SOURabout five years ago.6)As people are complaining high prices, especially those related to daily necessities,the government feels rather urgent to hold down inflation rate immediately.7)Under the new economy policy investors are invited to buy into state-ownedenterprises.8)Since a serious gun shooting occurred in Arizona last week, security concernshave trickled down to all places, including residential buildings・9)Social unrest is a daily occurrence in the countiy nowadays. It is in the last placewhen it comes to investment for multinational companies.10)Efforts to ban smoking in China arc so effective yet. Some chain smokers neverthink of quitting while many others have battled in vain to quit・3・ Match the terms in column A with the definitions in column B:A1) financial innovationBA) A reduction in the general availability of loans (orcredit) or a sudden tightening of the conditionsrequired to obtain a loan from the banks.72) stimulus package B) A non-bank entity or organization such asinvestment companies and mutual funds thatinvests in large quantities. 83) overheating C)A legal entity created by a government to undertakecommercial activities on its behalf. 6D) The trading of a corporation's stock or other securities(e.g. bonds or stock options) by individuals with potentialaccess to non-public information.9E) An industry that requires large amounts of capital,machinery and equipment to produce goods. 5F) Generation of new and creative approaches tosecurities, money management or investing. 1G) An economy that is expanding so rapidly that toomuch money is chasing too few goods and economists fear a rise in inflation .^3H) tax levied on certain legal transactions such as thetransfer of a property such as building, copyright, land, patent, and securities. 4I) A plan or a series of measures taken by a governmentto jump-start its ailing economy, generally as a part of itsfiscal policy.2 4. Translate the following passage into Chinese.我们所面临的来自中国的真正挑战并不是他们向我们大量销售的货物，而恰 恰相反，是他们正在提升的价值链。
college商务英语阅读试题及答案
college商务英语阅读试题及答案College商务英语阅读试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）阅读下列商务英语文章，然后回答后面的问题。
文章文章正文：In recent years, globalization has become a significantfactor in the growth of businesses worldwide. It refers to the process of international integration arising from the interchange of goods, services, and capital. Companies are increasingly looking to expand their operations beyond their national borders to tap into new markets and resources.One of the main advantages of globalization is the access to new markets. Businesses can sell their products and services to a larger customer base, which can lead to increased revenue and profits. Additionally, globalization allows companies to source raw materials and labor from various countries, which can reduce production costs.However, globalization also presents challenges. Companies must navigate complex international regulations and cultural differences, which can be difficult and costly. Moreover, the competition in the global market is fierce, and businesses need to be innovative to stay ahead.问题1：What does globalization mean in the context of business?A. The process of international integration through the exchange of goods, services, and capital.B. The process of international regulation.C. The process of reducing production costs.D. The process of fierce competition in the global market.答案1：A问题2：What are the benefits of globalization for businesses according to the passage?A. Access to new markets and reduced production costs.B. Navigating international regulations and cultural differences.C. Facing fierce competition in the global market.D. Staying ahead through innovation.答案2：A问题3：What challenges does globalization pose to businesses?A. Accessing new markets.B. Reducing production costs.C. Navigating complex international regulations and cultural differences.D. Selling products and services to a larger customer base.答案3：C问题4：What is the main focus of businesses in the globalmarket as mentioned in the passage?A. Access to new markets.B. Reducing production costs.C. Innovation.D. Both A and B.答案4：C二、完形填空（共10分，每题2分）阅读下面的商务英语短文，从短文后各题所给的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
商务英语阅读1答案
Business EnglishExtensive Reading (1)商务英语阅读（1）Ⅰ. Reading ComprehensionPart One : Directions: Choose the correct answers according to the information given from the passeges. Read the passages through carefully before making your choices. Please mark the corresponding leter for each item on Answer Sheet.Passage One: Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage．The popularity in North America is Iceberg Water, a leading brand of bottled water, which is harvested from icebergs off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada．Arthur Wiesenberger, who carries the title Water Master, is one of the few water critics in North America．As a boy，he spent time in the larger cities of Italy，France and Switzerland, where bottled water is consumed daily．Even then，he kept a water journal，writing down the brands he liked best．“My dog could tell the difference between bottled and tap water,”he says．But is plain tap water a11 that bad? Not at a11．In fact, New York’s municipal water for more than 100 years was recently considered among the best in the world in terms of both taste and purity．Similarly，a magazine in England found that tap water tasted better than several leading brands of bottled water．Nevertheless，soft-drink companies view bottled water as the next battle-ground for market share．As diners thirst for leading brands, soft-drink companies and restaurants salivate(垂涎)over the profits．A restaurant’s typical mark-up on wine is 100 to 150 percent, whereas on bottled water it's often 300 to 500 percent．As a result some restaurants are selling bottled water．According to an article in The Wall Street Journal, some of the more shameless tactics include placing attractive bottles on the table for a visual sell，listing brands on the menu without prices，and pouring bottled water without even asking the diners if they want itRegardless of how it's sold，the popularity of bottled water bring us better health and purity. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡上作答。
商务英语阅读考试题及答案
商务英语阅读考试题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分，每题10分）阅读下列商务英语短文，然后根据短文内容回答后面的问题。
短文一：In the rapidly evolving business world, effective communication is crucial for success. Companies are increasingly relying on cross-cultural communication to expand their global reach. The ability to understand and adapt to different cultural nuances is a key skill for international business professionals.1. What is the main idea of the passage?2. Why is effective communication important in the business world?3. What does the passage suggest about the role of cross-cultural communication in business?短文二：The rise of e-commerce has transformed the way businesses operate. Online platforms have made it possible for small businesses to compete with larger companies by reaching a wider customer base. Social media marketing and search engine optimization are two strategies that have become essentialfor businesses to increase their online visibility.1. What is the main topic discussed in this passage?2. How has e-commerce changed the business landscape?3. What are two strategies mentioned in the passage that are important for businesses to increase their online visibility?短文三：Sustainability is becoming a significant factor in business decisions. Companies are recognizing the importance of reducing their environmental footprint and adoptingsustainable practices. This includes the use of renewable energy, waste reduction, and responsible sourcing of materials. Consumers are also becoming more aware and are demanding products that align with their values.1. What is the main focus of the passage?2. Why are companies adopting sustainable practices?3. What are some of the sustainable practices mentioned inthe passage?二、词汇理解（共20分，每题5分）根据短文内容，选择最合适的词汇填空。
商务英语阅读习题及答案一.doc
商务英语阅读习题及答案⼀.docII) Match each one on the left with its correct meaning on the right1. motivation2. pursue3. mark up4. procurement5. intangible6. cargoroyalty商务英语阅读习题（⼀）I) Comprehension1. What is international trade?2. What are the major motivations for private firm to operate international business?3. What measures do most companies usually adopt to avoid wild swings in the sales and profits?4. Pleas give the four major modes chosen by most companies when entering into international trade.5. Could you find any difference between Direct Investment and Portfolio Investment? If you can, please tell the main reasons.6. What is MNE? What are its synonyms?7. What limits a firm's sales?A. tomake continual efforts to gain sth. B. the action of obtaining, esp. by efforts of carefulattention. C. which by is its nature can not be known by senses, not clear and certain, not real. D. the goods (freight) carried by a ship, plane or vehicle.E. the amount by which a price is raised.F. profit, interest-G. the net value of assets or interest, invest.8. equity 股本，资产净值 H. not needing other things or people, taking decisions alone.9. yield I. a share of the profits.10. independent J. need or purpose.2. A3.E4.B5. C6.D7.18.G9.F 10.HHI) Fill in the blanks with the words or expressions given below and if necessary, put the word in the right form.A. orientationB. diversifyC. seek outD. differentiate...fromE. take advantage ofF. undergoG. bring aboutH. correspond L abandon J. amount to K. Come after L. approach1. That factory is trying to B its products to sell in different markets.2. A successful businessman is always skilled in E every possible opportunity.3. Reforming and opening to the world has G great changes in our lives.4. Can you D this kind of operating the others?5. Private firm going in for international business have a profit A6. He I his company and family and went away with all the money.7. The L of winter brings cold weather.8. The manager's words J a refusal to the proposal./doc/045460db492fb4daa58da0116c175f0e7dd11956.html pany is always C the best way to gain more while cost less.10.The city has F many changes during the last ten years.11.Direct investment usually K a firm has experience in exporting or importing.12.There goods don't H to the list of these I ordered.IV)Translate the following terms and phrases into Chinese;1.purchasing power lO.recovery2.sales potentials 11, recession3.mark-up 13. portfolio investment4.domestic markets 12. tangible goods5.finished goods 13. visible exports and imports6.profit margin 14. revenue and expenditure7.market share 15- excess capacity8.trade discrimination9.business cycles 16. licencing agreementsV)Translate the following sentences into Chinese;If the exporting market price exceeds the one at the importing country, a dumping margin exists on that particular sale. Then Under Article VI of GATT( General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 1994, and the Anti-Dumping Agreement, WTO Members can impose anti-dumping measures, if, after investigation in accordance with the Agreement, a determination is made (a) that dumping is occurring, (b) that the domestic industry producing the like product in the importing country is suffering material injury, and (c) that there is a causal link between the two. Typically anti-dumping action means charging extra import duty on the particular product from the particular exporting country in order to bring its price closer to the “normal value" or to remove the injury to domestic industry in the importing country.VI)Translate the following sentences into English;1.国际贸易有助于所有的国家促进经济的发展。
(完整word版)商务英语BEC初级阅读理解练习题及答案(1)
商务英语BEC初级阅读理解练习题及答案A friend of mine was fond of drawing horse. He drew the horses very well,but he always began the tail。
Now it is the Western rule to begin at the head of the horse, that is why I was surprised. It struck me that it could not really make any difference whether the artist begins at the head or the tail or the belly(肚子) or the foot of the horse， if he really knows his business. And most great artists who really know their business do not follow other people’s rule。
They make their own rules. Every one of them does his work in a way peculiar(奇特的) to himself； and the peculiarity means only that he finds it more easy to work in that way。
Now the very same thing is true to literature(文学)。
And the question, "How shall I begin？” only means that you want to begin at the head instead of beginning at the tail or somewhere else. That is, you are not yet experienced（有经验的） enough to trust to your own powers。
商务英语(BEC)高级阅读真题及答案
PART ONEQuestions 1 - 8· Look at the sentences below and at five passages taken from a book about famous management thinkers on the opposite page.· Which passage does each sentence refer to?· For each sentence 1 - 8, mark one letter A1 B, C, D or E on your Answer Sheet.· You will need to use some of these letters more than once.Example:He has developed his own company to promote his work.0 A B C D E1 Others in his field think very highly of him.2 His ideas have spread beyond the business world.3 He felt that people should be able to enjoy their work.4 His ideas are more complex than they seem.5 He did a variety of interesting things before writing his books.6 His most successful book was written with a colleague.7 He is particularly skilled at forecasting important developments.8 Contact with the military was an early influence on his thinking.A John AdairAdair is the pioneering British thinker in the theory of leadership. He was the first person in the UK to hold a professorship in Business Leadership and has published a series of influential books on the subject.Despite his quiet appearance, Adair has had a colourful life, serving in a Bedouin regiment and working on an Arctic fishing boat! His initial interest in leadership came from his army experience and he used to lecture at the highly prestigious academy where British army offices are trained. He now works as an international consultant.B Edward de BonoDe Bono is unusual among major gurus for two reasons: firstly, he was born not in one of the great industrial nations but on the tiny island of Malta. Secondly, his ideas have reached a wider audience than just managers, so that his books have become essential rending in many different disciplines.Most of de Bono s work has been concerned with the way human beings can train themselves to think more creatively. This apparently simple idea has resulted in37 books and a highly successful career as a lecturer and consultant.C Peter DruckerProbably no other single thinker has done as much as Drucker to establish management as a serious area of study. Certainly, his fellow management thinkers consider him one of the founding fathers of the discipline, and his books and articles are quoted more than those of any other management writer.His first book was published as far back as 1939, yet he is still writing and teaching. His greatest distinction has been his ability to predict coming trendsin business and economics. As a result, his ideas are treated with the greatest respect and interest.D Frederick HerzbergAlthough relatively few contemporary management students will have read his books, Herzberg s name is instantly recognisable to anyone who has studied industrial organisations. This is because the American psychologist was responsible for introducing the concept of motivation into management thinking.As a young man, Herzberg became deeply interested in mental illness and the human need for mental and emotional satisfaction. This led him to criticise the approach of many companies to job design, and to argue for the need for job enrichment to stimulate employees efforts.E Tom PetersThe American s reputation was created in the I 980s by the spectacular success of one book, In Search of Excellence, co-written with Robert Waterman. The two were working together as management consultants and no-one expected their first (and only) book to end up selling 5 million copies worldwide!Although his ideas have been criticised, Peters popularity as a speaker and writer has continued to grow. So much so that Peters has created his own business to market books, videos and consultancy based on his work.PART TWOQuestions 9 - 14· Read this text from an article about health clubs.· C hoose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill in each of the gaps.· For each gap 9 - 14, mark one letter A - H on your Answer Sheet.· Do not use any letter more than once.· There is an example at the beginning (0).Travel stress brings boom to health clubsA rapid growth in business travel has provided a lucrative spin-off for British health clubs as companies try to prevent hard-working executives from suffering travel-related stress.Health clubs are fully booked throughout the coming months all around the country and many are planning to expand their facilities.0 H According to Gillie Turner, group marketing manager for the Champneys group of health clubs, during the last recession executives lost many of their extra benefits as companies cut back. . 9 She says that large companies also seem to have decided that it is no good sending someone to a country like Spain as a reward for doing a good job, because they will simply eat too much and flop onto a beach. . 10Champneys, the company acknowledged as the market leader in this field, is now planning to introduce a special "Profiting from Stress" course, which will run over three days. . 11 Jonathon Stapleton, general managerof Champneys, says that modern corporate life being what it is, most business travellers find that they are having to do the work which - even a year ago - was done by two. 12To meet this new demand, other health clubs are also thinking of introducing similar schemes. Clare Brandish, the sales and marketing director of another health club, has noticed a marked change in the clientele at her club. . 13Businesses of all kinds are anxious to reduce absenteeism. . 14 Much of the problem is caused by long periods away from home, irregular hours, business entertaining and jet lag.According to the Guild of Business Travel Agents, sales of business-class airline tickets have risen by 12% in the past year, hotel bookings have gone up by 36% and car hire has risen by 24%. Dave Reynolds, the GBTA chief executive, says that the trouble is that the same number of people are being asked to travel more often. He comments that it is nowonder they need to take a break in a health club.A It has been calculated that about 40 million working days are lost each year in Britain because of stress, ten times as many as are lost 10 industrial disputes.B This has involved a considerable rise in the number of business bookings, whereas previously most clients came as private individuals.C Now they are being restored, as industry realises that the health of its executives is vital.D But who will benefit most from these developments?E Because of the pressures this imposes, many companies have now decided that it is worthwhile paying for their senior executives to take a proper break and get advice on how to combat stress.F Executives taking part in it will be given massages and health treatments, workouts and a range of talks on how to deal with stress, especially when travelling.G So what s the reason for this now trend?PART THREEQuestions 15 - 20· Read the following article on recruiting and managing staff and the questions on the opposite page.· Each question has four suggested answers or ways of finishing the sentence, A, B, C and D.· Mark one letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet, for the answer you choose.As a manager in the service industry sector, I've looked at hundredsof CVs in my time. They are not necessarily the bland documents some bosses might think they are! They are full of little pointers towards individuals personalities and suitability for the job. The first thing I always look at is an applicant s employment record. I check for continuity and stability. If somebody has a long list of previous jobs, all of varying length, alarm bells start ringing. Rather than an irregular route from job to job, what I hope to see is stable career progression. What does their career path look like - is it all steps forward, or are there a lot of sideways moves? And I am always pleased to find a family person with children, because in my experience they tend to be responsible and reliable.I never rely on CVs alone. We get applicants to fill in one of our own application forms. We ask why they've applied, what their aspirations and personal goals are, and also about their interests and hobbies and any clubs they belong to. That gives you a useful insight into their personality and lifestyle. The application form also enables us to test how much people have actually been progressing in their careers, because we ask for details of the salaries they have received for each job.It s always worth looking at CVs and designing application forms with great care. Taking on employees might be rewarding, but it is also a big investment for any business. Mistakes in choosing staff can cost companies dear, so it makes sense to spend time ensuring you get the right person.In the service sector, one of the aims of companies is to maintain and improve customer service, and this is achieved partly through low staff turnover. You need to take on people who understand that, and will want to stay. That s why, when you've taken staff on, the next thing is getting the best out of them.My management style comes from the days when I took over my first business, an ailing road haulage firm which I was certain I could turn into a profitable company. The first thing is to treat others as you d like to be treated yourself. As soon as I took over the business, I talked to everybody individually, and looked for ways to make sure their particular skills benefited the company.I didn't have much experience then of managing people, but above all I always tried to be fair and honest with everyone. As a result, I think the staff knew that and accepted my decisions, even if they didn't agree with them all. Also, bosses must be able to communicate. You also need to create team spirit, and build on the strength of the team. I explained my plans for the company to all the staff, and let them all know what I needed from them. The lorry drivers responded brilliantly, and were thekey to turning the business round. They understood that we had to develop a professional reputation, and from then on the days of poor quality deliveries were over.Lastly, I am a great believer in profit-sharing. It takes a team to make a company work, so profits should be shared by all. Job satisfaction is important, but it doesn't pay the rent. Shared profit and bonuses help to strengthen team spirit by giving everyone a common goal that they work towards together.15 What fact does the writer hope to learn from applicants CVs?A that they have experience of many different jobsB that their careers have developed steadilyC the opinion their employers had of themD whether they are married or single16 The writer says the application form is useful because itA reveals something of the applicant s character.B gives information about the applicant s family.C explains what skills the applicant has for the job.D shows how much the applicant wants to earn.17 According to the writer, why are CVs and application forms so important?A Interviewing people is an expensive process.B They indicate whether applicants really want the job.C They indicate whether applicants are efficient or not.D Employing the wrong people can be disastrous.18 One reason why the writer was successful in her first business was thatA she was used to dealing with people.B she was open with the staff.C the business was already doing well when she started.D the staff agreed with all her decisions.19 The writer believes profit-sharing is a good idea becauseA it encourages a competitive spirit.B everyone earns the same salary.C everyone shares the same aim.D it creates job satisfaction.20 Which would make the best title for this text?A Profit-sharing as motivationB How I turned a business roundC People - the key to business successD The importance of a well-presented CVPART FOURQuestions 21 - 30· Read the a rticle below about a method of learning languages for business people.· Choose the best word from the opposite page to fill each gap.· For each question 21 - 30 mark one letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet.· There is an example at the beginni ng (0).Language learning for the busy executiveIf you've ever been told by your boss to improve your knowledge of a foreign language you'll know that ……(0)…… doesn't come quickly. It generally takes years to learn another language well andconstant ……(21)…… to maintain the high standards required for frequent business use. Whether you study in a class, with audiocassettes, computers or on your ……(22)…… sooner or ……(23)…… every language course finishes and you must decide what to do next if you need a foreign language for your career.Business Audio Magazines is a new product designed to help you continue language study in a way that fits easily into your busy schedule. Each audiocassette ……(24)…… of an hour-long programme packed with business news, features and interviews in the language of your choice. These cassettes won t teach you how to order meals or ask for directions. It is ……(25)…… that you can do that already. Instead, by giving you an opportunity to hear the language as it s really spoken, they help you to ……(26)…… your vocabulary and improve your ability to use real language relating to, for example, that all-important marketing trip.The great advantage of using audio magazines is that they ……(27)…… you to perfect your language skills in ways that suit your lifestyle. For example, you can select a topic and listen in your car or hotel when away on business. No other business course is as ……(28)…… And the unique radio-magazine format is as instructive as it is entertaining. In addition to the audiocassette, this package includes a transcript with a business glossary and a study ……(29)…… The components are structured so that intermediate and advanced students may use them separately or together ……(30)…… on their ability.Example: A B C D20 A gain B result C success D outcome21 A exercise B performance C practice D operation22 A self B individual C personal D own23 A after B then C later D quicker24 A consists B includes C contains D involves25 A insisted B acquired C asserted D assumed26 A prolong B extend C spread D lift27 A allow B let C support D offer28 A adjustable B flexible C convertible D variable29 A addition B supplement C extra D manuscript30 A according B depending C relating D basingQuestions 31 - 40· Read the article below about meetings.· For each question 31 - 40 write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.How to make more of meetingsYou should know what ends you want to achieve in a meeting before it starts and prepare for it (0)……reading any papers circulated beforehand, and carefully thinking about (31)…… you want to say. This may sound rather boring, but solid preparation is the key to successful meetings: A great (32)……of time and energy can be wasted through simple lack of planning.The most important issues are not always given the most time in the general running of meetings. People are often unwilling (33)…… discuss important budgetary matters because they do not fully understand them, but (34)…… becomes an expe rt when it comes to discussing the colour of the new curtains, or what type of coffee to buy The discussion of (35)…… trivial matters as these, therefore, should be saved until the end of the meeting.During the meeting it is essential to stick to the ag enda so (36)……to avoid the common problem of repetition. At the same time you (37)…… to be sensitive to other people s ideas and feelings, and never lose your temper. Be prepared to accept (38)…… implement a suggestion that is contrary to (39)…… own ideas if it is an improvement on them; such honesty and flexibility are signs of good leadership and earn respect.Finally, remember that when a decision is made it is important to act (40)…… it and to honour all the commitments you have made in the meeting.PART SIXQuestions 41 - 50· In most lines of the following text, there is one unnecessary word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the sense of the text.· For each numbered line 41 - 50, find the unnecessary word and then write the word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet. Some lines are correct. If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet. The exercise begins with two examples (0) and (00).Customer care0 Apart from ensuring that an efficient electricity supply for our00 customers, NatElectric provides an invaluable service in other areas41 as well. While our Customer Helpline (charged at local rates) is the42 first point of contact with when you want to make an enquiry and43 we receive a huge number of calls from customers - on44 average, there are 50 000 calls a one week. Available 24 hours45 a day, seven days a week, 365 days a year, our Helpline on advisors46 aim at to answer 95 per cent of all calls within 15 seconds. There47 are more than 200 advisors, working in around the clock to48 provide for this service, backed by a further 80 support staff49 who do handle any necessary paperwork. Although our target50 is to reply to letters within 10 working days, NatElectric regularly responds withinthree to four days, and we are especially proud of the standards achieved by ourcustomer relations team.。
BEC阅读练习题及答案
BEC阅读练习题及答案BEC阅读练习题及答案第一篇BEC阅读练习题及答案第五篇一、搭配题：抓住中心和基本点5篇100字左右的小短文，8个选项，选择出各个选项属于哪篇短文论述的内容。
这部分主要是考查考生快速找出短文MainIdea的能力。
正确的做题方法是先读提示第一句，把握5篇短文共同论述的大致范围。
然后直接阅读短文。
阅读的时候，用笔在考卷上划出“一个中心，两个基本点〞。
“一个中心〞指短文的中心思想MainIdea。
“两个基本点〞是除MainIdea以外重要的、十分特别的论点。
从5篇短文中找出15个左右的考点，解题的速度可大大提高。
二、句子填空题：弄清规律上的连接这部分对我国考生而言有很高的难度，因为它考查了中国人说话写文章最缺少严密的规律性。
西文，尤其是商务文章极其讲究规律的缜密性，中心思想明确，意群(段)之间有清楚的规律关系，句与句之间紧密相连。
知道了这样的思维差异，在解题时便有了方向：通过各种连接手段来解题。
词汇的连接、语法的连接，最重要的是规律上的连接。
其实，任何两句话之间的规律关系不外乎两种状况：不是顺着意思讲下去(顺接)就是意思发生了转折(逆接)。
推断空格前后句之间的顺逆接关系，再查找正确的选项解题就简单多了。
平常考生在做阅读训练的时候要特殊留意句子之间的规律关系。
三、阅读理解题：跳动式阅读这部分其实是前两部分的综合。
在读文章时只需抓住文章和各段的MainIdea即可，有较强阅读能力的考生尽可能地快速读出句子之间的规律关系，而详情内容一律略去。
用这种“跳动式阅读法〞效果很好。
解题时，学生要放松心态，因为题目不难，只是在做一个“定位+同义词、近义词〞游戏罢了。
值得留意的是这部分与四六级及考研阅读理解题不同，BEC阅读理解题目不能过细地去推敲，正确选项一般都是原句+改写。
四、完型填空题：习惯用法结合语境考点词汇一般不是商务术语，是四级以下的一般词汇。
大多题目较简单，有个别题目较难。
学生应当从搭配、习惯用法结合语境的方法解题。
高级商务英语阅读理解习题及答案通用1篇
高级商务英语阅读理解习题及答案通用1篇高级商务英语阅读理解习题及答案 1The Negotiating Table:You can negotiate virtually anything. Projects, resources, expectations and deadlines are all es of negotiation. Some people negotiate deals for a living. Dr Herb Cohen is one of these professional talkers, called in by panies to negotiate on their behalf . He approaches the art of negotiation as a game because, as he is usually negotiating for somebody else, he says this helps him drain the emotional content from his conversation. He is working in a petitive field and needs to avoid being too adversarial. Whether he succeeds or not, it is important to him to make a good impression so that people will mend him.The starting point for any deal, he believes, is to identify exactly what you want from each other. More often than not, one party will be trying to persuade the other round to their point of view. Negotiation requires two people at the end saying ‘yes”. This can be a problem because one of them usually begins by saying “no”. However, although this can make talks more difficult, this is often just a starting point in the negotiation game. Top management may well reject the idea initially because it is the safer option but they would not be there if they were not interested.It is a misconception that skilled negotiators are smooth operators in smart suits. Dr Cohen says that one of his strategies is to dress down so that the other side can relate to you. Pitch your look to suit your customer. You do not need to make them feel better than you but, For example, dressing in a style that is not overtly expensive or successful will make you more approachable. People will generally feel more fortable with somebody who appears to be like them rather than superior to them. They may not like you but they will feel they can trust you.Dr Cohen suggests that the best way to sell your proposal is by getting into the world of the other side. Ask questions rather than give answers and take an interest in what the other person is saying, even if you think what they are saying is silly. You do not need to e their best friends but being too clever will alienate them. A lot of deals are made on impressions. Do not rush what you are saying__put a few hesitations in ,do not try to blind them with your verbal dexterity. Also, you should repeat back to them what they have said to show you take them seriously.Inevitably some deals will not succeed. Generally the longer the negotiations go on, the better chance they have because people do not want to think their investment and energies have gone to waste. However , joint venture can mean joint risk and sometimes , if this es too great , neither party may be prepared to see the deal through . More mon is a corporate culture clash between panies, which can put paid to any deal.Even having agreed a deal, things may not be tied up quickly because when the lawyers get involved, everything gets slowed down as they argue about small details.De Cohen thinks that children are the masters of negotiation. Their goals are totally selfish. They understand the decision-making process within families perfectly. If Mum refuses their request , they will troop along to Dad and pressure him. If al else fails, they will try the grandparents, using some emotional blackmail. They can also be very single-minded and have an inexhaustible supply of energy for the cause they are pursuing. So there are lesson to be learned from watching and listening to children.1. Dr Cohen treats negotiation as a game in order toA put people at easeB remain detachedC be petitiveD impress rivals2. Many people say “no” to a suggestion in the beginning toA convince the other party of their point of viewB show they are not really interestedC indicate they wish to take the easy optionD protect their pany’s situation3. Dr Cohen says that when you are trying to negotiate you shouldA adapt your style to the people you are talking toB make the other side feel superior to youC dress in a way to make you feel fortable.D try to make the other side like you4. According to Dr Cohen, understanding the other person will help you toA gain their friendshipB speed up the negotiationsC plan your next move.D convince them of your point of view5. Deals sometimes fail becauseA negotiations have gone on too longB the panies operate in different waysC one party risks more than the other.D the lawyers work too slowly6. Dr Cohen mentions children’s negotiation techniques to show that you shouldA be prepared to try every routeB try not to make people feel guiltyC be careful not to exhaust yourselfD control the decision-making process.For each question 7 – 12 , mark one letter (A, B, C or D ) on yourAnswer Sheet for the answer you choose.The Negotiating Table:You can negotiate virtually anything. Projects, resources, expectations and deadlines are all es of negotiation. Some people negotiate deals for a living. Dr Herb Cohen is one of these professional talkers, called in by panies to negotiate on their behalf . He approaches the art of negotiation as a game because, as he is usually negotiating for somebody else, he says this helps him drain the emotional content from his conversation. He is working in a petitive field and needs to avoid being too adversarial. Whether he succeeds or not, it is important to him to make a good impression so that people will mend him.The starting point for any deal, he believes, is to identify exactly what you want from each other. More often than not, one party will be trying to persuade the other round to their point of view. Negotiation requires two people at the end saying ‘yes”. This can be a problem because one of them usually begins by saying “no”. However, although this can make talks more difficult, this is often just a starting point in the negotiation game. Top management may well reject the idea initially because it is the safer option but they would not be there if they were not interested.It is a misconception that skilled negotiators are smooth operators in smart suits. Dr Cohen says that one of his strategies is to dress down so that the other side can relate to you. Pitch your look to suit your customer.You do not need to make them feel better than you but, For example, dressing in a style that is not overtly expensive or successful will make you more approachable. People will generally feel more fortable with somebody who appears to be like them rather than superior to them. They may not like you but they will feel they can trust you.Dr Cohen suggests that the best way to sell your proposal is by getting into the world of the other side. Ask questions rather than give answers and take an interest in what the other person is saying, even if you think what they are saying is silly. You do not need to e their best friends but being too clever will alienate them. A lot of deals are made on impressions. Do not rush what you are saying__put a few hesitations in ,do not try to blind them with your verbal dexterity. Also, you should repeat back to them what they have said to show you take them seriously.Inevitably some deals will not succeed. Generally the longer the negotiations go on, the better chance they have because people do not want to think their investment and energies have gone to waste. However , joint venture can mean joint risk and sometimes , if this es too great , neither party may be prepared to see the deal through . More mon is a corporate culture clash between panies, which can put paid to any deal. Even having agreed a deal, things may not be tied up quickly because when the lawyers get involved, everything gets slowed down as they argue about small details.De Cohen thinks that children are the masters of negotiation. Their goals are totally selfish. They understand the decision-making process within families perfectly. If Mum refuses their request , they will troop along to Dad and pressure him. If al else fails, they will try the grandparents, using some emotional blackmail. They can also be very single-minded and have an inexhaustible supply of energy for the cause they are pursuing. So there are lesson to be learned from watching and listening to children.7 Dr Cohen treats negotiation as a game in order toA put people at easeB remain detachedC be petitiveD impress rivals8 Many people say “no” to a suggestion in the beginning toA convince the other party of their point of viewB show they are not really interestedC indicate they wish to take the easy optionD protect their pany’s situation9 Dr Cohen says that when you are trying to negotiate you shouldA adapt your style to the people you are talking toB make the other side feel superior to youC dress in a way to make you feel fortable.D try to make the other side like you10 According to Dr Cohen, understanding the other person will help you toA gain their friendshipB speed up the negotiationsC plan your next move.D convince them of your point of view11 Deals sometimes fail becauseA negotiations have gone on too longB the panies operate in different waysC one party risks more than the other.D the lawyers work too slowly12 Dr Cohen mentions children’s negotiation techniques to show that you shouldA be prepared to try every routeB try not to make people feel guiltyC be careful not to exhaust yourselfD control the decision-making process.参__：1B 2D 3A 4D 5B 6A15 B 16D 17A 18D 19B 20 A15.第一段有这样一句话needs to avoid being too adversarial，也就是说要保持客观，公正，超然，所以选择B。
(完整版)0商务英语阅读练习(答案)_共14页
Business English Reading Comprehension Passage OneThe relationship between the home and market economies had gone through two distinct stages. Early industrialization began the process of transferring some production processes (e. g. cloth-making, sewing and canning foods) from the home to the marketplace. Although the home economy could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious and the market economy was usually more efficient. Soon the more important second stage was evident --the marketplace began producing goods and services that had never been produced by the home economy, and the home economy was unable to produce them (e. g. electricity and electrical appliances, the automobile, advanced education, sophisticated medical care). In the second stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in producing these new goods and services was irrelevant; if the family were to enjoy these fruits of industrialization, they would have to be obtained in the marketplace. The traditional ways of taking care of these needs in the home such as in nursing the sick, became unacceptable (and, in most serious cases, probably less successful). Just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of the horse drawn carriage illegal and then impractical, and the appearance of television changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background music, so most of the fruits of economic growth did not increase the options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or services or purchase them in the market. Growth brought with it increased variety in consumer goods, but not increased flexibility for the home economy in obtaining these goods and services. Instead, economic growth brought with it increased consumer reliance on the marketplace. In order to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter the marketplace as wage earners and consumers. The neoclassical(新古典主义的) model that views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services directly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of the first stage. It cannot accurately be applied to the second (and current) stage.1. The reason why many production processes were taken over by the marketplace was that______.A.it was a necessary step in the process of industrializationB.they depended on electricity available only to the market economyC.it was troublesome to produce such goods in the homeD.the marketplace was more efficient with respect to these processes2. It can be seen from the passage that in the second stage ______.A.some traditional goods and services were not successful when provided by the homeeconomyB.the market economy provided new goods and services never produced by the homeeconomyC.producing traditional foods at home became socially never produced by the homeeconomyD.whether new goods and services were produced by the home economy became irrelevant3. During the second stage, if the family wanted to consume new goods and services, they had to enter the marketplace ______.A.as wage earnersB.both as manufacturers and consumersC.both as workers and purchasersD.as customers4.Economic growth did not make it more flexible for the home economy to obtain the newgoods and services because ______.A.the family was not efficient in productionB.it was illegal for the home economy to produce themC.it could not supply them by itselfD.the market for these goods and services was limited5. The neoclassical model is basically a model of the first stage, because at this stage ______.A.The family could rely either on the home economy or the marketplace for the neededgoods and services.B.many production processes were being transferred to the marketplaceC.consumers relied more and more on the market economyD.the family could decide how to transfer production processes to the marketplacePassage TwoAs is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complicated. Generally speaking, the Account Department is responsible for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.If a firm wants to adopt a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a method of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be successful, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers.In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of those requirements is given a value, generally in “points”, which are added together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their ability to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without reference to an evaluation system based on points.In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should compare the value of each job with those in the job market. It should also consider economic factors such as the cost of living and the labor supply.It is necessary that payment for a job should vary with any distinctions in the way that job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the work done with the hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen; for indirect workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.6. If a company wants its new pay structure to be successful, it is necessary to _______.A. give the workers extra pay to encourage themB. share the same opinion between the Trade Union and the employersC. consult some problems associated with payD. adopt a special way to evaluate the performance of its employees7. The methods of additional payments are adopted for indirect workers because __________.A. they don't have a higher payB. the firm hasn't enough fundC. the measurement of their work is very difficultD. their work is less important than that of other workers8. What should a firm consider in designing a new pay system?A. The value of each job alone.B. The method of calculating the pay.C. The requirements of each job.D. The labor supply and the cost of living.9. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.A. only the Accounts Department is involved in the management of salariesB. different job performances should be given different paymentsC. an evaluation system based on points is usually used to measure management workD. evaluating management work makes no difference from other work10. The main purpose of this passage is to _______.A. explain how the performance of a job can be measured in pointsB. describe the responsibilities of various departmentsC. tell readers how a firm can succeed in adopting a new pay systemD. tell readers how difficult the management work isPassage ThreeSelling skills can be very useful to you in your personal life. For example, have you ever wanted to use someone else's car? You had to use selling skills to persuade the owner to let you use it. When you apply for a job, you should really be trying to persuade the employer that you will be good employee. If you run for an elected office in an organization, you are really trying to sell yourself to others. You are trying to convince people that you have good ideas and will provide the type of leadership needed by that organization. Selling involves persuading others to accept your ideas or your advice.Selling skills are also important in most jobs. Business managers want to hire people who are creative, who work well with others, and who contribute to the success of their business. In the world of business, selling is a very important function. Business owners use selling skills to gain acceptance from customers and employees about store policies and procedures. Successful salespeople use selling skills to assist customers in making wise buying decisions.What Is Selling?Selling involves the art of communicating effectively with people — simply explaining how a product or service will benefit the customer. Customers will not purchase a product or service until they are convinced that they will benefit from owning that product or service. The salesperson needs to explain, advise, and generally help the customer. In fact, his most important job is to assist the customer in making a wise buying decision. The word selling is defined as:1. assisting the customer, and2. helping the customer make a wise buying decision.Assisting the CustomerBusiness in America today is very competitive. In our free enterprise system, there are many businesses that sell similar products and services. For example, you can purchase a pair of jeans from a department store, a women’s or men's apparel shop, a specialty store, or a discount store. Because customers can purchase the same product or service from more than one business, it is important that businesses provide polite, friendly service to customers. If customers do not receive polite and capable help from salespeople at a business, they may decide to purchase from another business. Salespeople make sure they provide the help customers expect.Helping the Customer Make a Wise Buying DecisionThe most important responsibility of any salesperson is to help customers make wise buying decisions. Customers have made wise buying decisions when they receive benefits from the products or services they have purchased. These benefits are called buyer benefits. A buyer benefit is the gain or personal benefit customers receive from the products or services they purchase. The salesperson's job is to make sure his customers purchase the products or services which will most benefit them.The Importance of SellingSelling is important to our economy, to business, and to the American people. In order to understand its importance, you need to be familiar with some basic facts about each segment of the American economy.The economy of our country is divided into three phases: production, marketing, and consumption. Production refers to the physical creation of goods and services. Farming, mining, fishing, lumbering, and manufacturing make up the production phase of our economy. Thousands of goods and services are produced each year. These goods and services, however, do not sell themselves. After goods and services have been produced, they must be made available to consumers for purchase. Marketing is the process through which goods and services flow from the producer to the consumer. Wholesalers and retailers make up the marketing phase of our economy.Selling is the most important marketing function performed by retail and wholesale businesses. Wholesalers buy from producers and sell to retailers. Retailers buy from producers and wholesalers and sell to consumers. Consumers are the users of goods and services in our society. The process of using goods and services is called consumption.What contribution does selling make to our economy? The role of selling in our society is to identify and provide the goods and services that will satisfy the needs and wants of the consumer. Manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers all depend on customers to purchase products and services. When a business's sales decline, the company usually reduces the number of its employees. The jobs of the many people who produce and provide goods and services, therefore, depend on successful salespeople. When customers purchase products and services, they help create employment in manufacturing, wholesaling, and retailing. Full employment in our country creates additional purchasing power for our consumers. Selling, therefore, assists in maintaining the high standard of living enjoyed in our country.What contribution does selling make to a business? The role of business in society is toprovide the types of products and services which consumers need and want. It is the job of the salesperson, as the business's representative, to satisfy the customers' needs and wants. Salespeople, and the manner in which they treat customers, can really determine the success or failure of most businesses.What contribution does selling make to the American consumer? Salespeople are often the only contact a customer has with a business. Salespeople represent the business to the customer. They should offer sincere, honest, friendly, and courteous service to customers. The salesperson's job is to make sure the customer benefits from purchasing a product or service. Salespeople can save customers time and money by providing product information, showing how a product or service will benefit the customer, and making sure customers purchase the products and services which will best meet their needs and wants.11.The main idea of the first paragraph is ________.A. the importance of selling skills in managing a companyB. the importance of selling skills in job-huntingC. the importance of selling skills in one’s personal lifeD. the importance of selling skills in borrowing12.Selling is defined in this article as _______________________________A. helping the customer, and helping him make a wise buying decisionB. getting customers to buy goodsC. getting customers to buy servicesD. Both B and C13.Business in America today is very competitive, because ___________.A. there are too many kinds of goods in the marketB. there are not many demanding customersC. there are too many similar kinds of goods or servicesD. there are too many businesses14.The three phases of the American economy are ____________________.A. manufacture, wholesale and retailB. production, sale and after-sale serviceC. production, marketing and consumptionD. production, consumption and service15.Which of the following is NOT true?A. Salespeople represent a business to the customer.B. Salespeople must offer satisfactory service to customers.C. Salespeople should help customers buy the products that will best benefit customers.D. The success or failure of salespeople has little to do with the success or failure of a business in most cases.Passage FourThe so-called Americanization phenomenon seems to be a consequence of the recent globalization in our world. If we find American products worldwide, it is also increasinglycommon to find Asian products in the United States.Going to any country in Asia nowadays, we are going to see a lot of the American icons (图标)everywhere. A few years ago when I was in Ho-Chi-Min City, formerly known as Saigon, I was completely astonished at the number of billboards advertising products from multinational companies, many of them American. It is unforgettable for me—the vision of the spectacular Coca-Cola billboard on a Ho-Chi-Min Street.Living in the United Slates now, I am discovering many Asian products in America, from food to movies. In one day in San Francisco, or Seattle, or Houston, we can buy Sisheido cosmetics from Japan at the Galleria Mall, have sushi(寿司) and sashimi(生鱼片) in one of the many Japanese restaurants in the city, go to the cinema and enjoy the beautiful American-Chinese movie Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, and take home spring rolls from one of the many Chinese restaurants in town.I understand that a great many people would like to hold hack the globalization process in the world because they think they are losing their own culture, but it is very difficult to stop this process. We can only try to be critical and choose what is best for us to have or to buy.However, many people think that young people are not free to choose when they are constantly exposed to attractive advertisements that are specially made to capture the youth market. Peaceful protests could be arranged just to help people to think about the situation, but the tendency in our world is that we want globalization, but we don't want to lose our own culture.16. The Americanization phenomenon is more possible to be the result of ______.A. the influence of Americanization on the worldB. the influence of the West on the EastC. the globalization in the worldD. American products worldwide17. What was the author in the passage particularly impressed by?A. The wonderful American-Chinese movie.B. The delicious Japanese food in American cities.C. The high quality of Asian products.D. The fantastic advertisement for an American product.18.We can learn from the passage that one of the consequences of globalization that manypeople worry about is ______.A. the spread of culture from one country to anotherB. the destruction of cultural identitiesC. the prevalence of American cultureD. the resistance to globalization worldwide19. What attitude should we have towards the globalization process?A. Disapproving.B. Pessimistic.C. Critical.D. Indifferent.20. Young people today can't really choose what they should buy because they _______.A. are influenced by American cultureB. don't know what is suitable for themC. are critical about everything in the worldD. are faced with too many powerful advertisementsPassage FiveThe appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers appealed to people's desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers' money.Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago a brand of bread was offered to dieters (节食者. with the message that there were fewer calories (热量单位,大卡) in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic (适合于节食的), but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumer's real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising.Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision.21. Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by ________.A. stressing their high qualityB. convincing him of their low priceC. maintaining a balance between quality and priceD. appealing to his buying motives22. The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that ________.A. thin slices of bread could contain more caloriesB. the loaf was cut into regular slicesC. the bread was not genuine breadD. the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same23. The passage tells us that _________.A. sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needsB. advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they don't needC. the buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisementsD. fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment24. It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should ________.A. think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisementsB. guard against the deceiving nature of advertisementsC. be familiar with various advertising strategiesD. avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal25. The passage is mainly about _________.A. how to make a wise buying decisionB. ways to protect the interests of the consumerC. the positive and negative aspects of advertisingD. the function of advertisements in promoting salesPassage SixThe Supreme Court's recent decision allowing regional interstate banks has done away with one restriction in America's banking operation, although many others still remain. Although the ruling does not apply to very large money-center banks, it is a move in a liberalizing direction that could in the end push Congress into framing a sensible legal and regulatory system that allows banks to plan their future beyond the next court case.The restrictive laws that the courts are interpreting are mainly a legacy（遗赠物）of the bank failures of the 1930's. The current high rate of bank failure—higher than at any time since the Great Depression—has made legislators afraid to remove the restrictions. While their legislative timidity （胆怯）is understandable, it is also mistaken. One reason so many American banks are getting into trouble is precisely that the old restrictions make it hard for them to build a domestic base large and strong enough to support their activities in today's telecommunicating round-the-clock, around-the-world financial markets.In trying to escape from these restrictions, banks are taking enormous, and what should be unnecessary, risks. For instance, would a large bank be buying small, failed savings banks at inflated prices if federal law and states regulations permitted that bank to explain instead through the acquisition of financially healthy banks in the region? Of course not. The solution is clear. American banks will be sounder when they are not geographically limited.The house of Representative's banking committee has shown part of the way forward by recommending common-sensible, though limited, legislation for a five-year transition to nationwide banking. This would give regional banks time to group together to form counterweights to the big money-center banks. Without this breathing space the big money-center banks might soon extend across the country to develop. But any such legislation should be regarded as only a way station on the road towards a complete examination of American's suitable banking legislation.26. The restrictive banking laws of the 1930's are still on the book because _______.A. the bank failures of the 1930's were caused by restrictive courtsB. banking has not changed during the past 50 yearsC. legislators believe banking problems similar to those of the Depression still exist todayD. the banking system is too restrictive, but no alternatives have been suggested27. According to the author, the change to a nationwide banking system should be _______.A. postponed until the consequences can be evaluatedB. gradual so that regional banks have a chance to compete with larger banksC. immediate because we can't afford any more bank failuresD. much faster to overcome legislative fear28. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.A. many restrictions in banking operation have been cancelledB. the ruling of removing the restriction can make the banks plan their future freelyC. the ruling of removing the restriction can't be applicable to all banksD. the old restrictions will be helpful to set up a powerful domestic base29. What is the author's attitude towards the current banking laws?A. Tolerant and disapproved.B. Concerned and dissatisfied.C. Understandable and indifferent.D. Supportive and admirable.30. The main idea of the passage is that _______.A. despite many bank failures, the nature of banking has not really changed so muchB. the current banking law must be useful to today's banksC. center banks currently have too much power as compared with the regional banksD. banks have been forced to take needless and dangerous risks due to the restrictions Passage SevenOver the past decade, American companies have tried hard to find ways to discourage senior managers from feathering their own nests at the expense of their shareholder. The three most popular reforms have been recruiting more outside directors in order to make boards more independent, linking bosses' pay to various performance measures, and giving bosses share options, so that they have the same long-term interests as their shareholders.These reforms have been widely adopted by America's larger companies, and surveys suggest that many more companies are thinking of following their lead. But have they done any good? Three papers presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management in Boston this week suggest not. As is usually the case with boardroom tinkering, the consequences have differed from those intended.Start with those independent boards. On the face of it, dismissing the boss's friends from the board and replacing them with outsiders looks a perfect way to make senior managers more accountable. But that is not the conclusion of a study by Professor James Westphal. Instead, he found that bosses with a boardroom full of outsiders spend much of their time building alliances, doing personal favors and generally pleasing the outsiders.All too often, these seductions succeed. Mr. Westphal found that, to a remarkable degree,"independent" boards pursue strategies that are likely to favor senior managers rather than shareholders. Such companies diversify their business, increase the pay of executives and weaken the link between pay and performance.To assess the impact of performance-related pay, Mr. Westphal asked the bosses of 103 companies with sales of over $ 1 billion what measurements were used to determine their pay. The measurements varied widely, ranging from sales to earnings per share. But the researcher's big discovery was that bosses attend to measures that affect their own incomes and ignore or play down other factors that affect a company's overall success.In short, bosses are quick to turn every imaginable system of corporate government to their advantage-which is probably why they are the people who are put in charge of things. Here is paradox for the management theorists: any boss who can not beat a system designed to keep him under control is probably not worth having not beat a system designed to keep him under control is probably not worth having.31. What is the purpose of the large companies in recruiting outsiders and putting them on the board of directors?A.To diversify the business of the corporation.B.To enhance the cooperation between the senior managers and the board directors.C.To protect the interests of the shareholders.D.To introduce effective reforms in business management.32. What does Professor James Westphal’s study suggest?A.With a boardroom full of outsiders, senior managers work more conscientiously.B.Outside board directors tend to be more independent.C.Boardroom reforms have failed to achieve the desired result.D.Cooperation between senior managers and board directors suffered from the reforms.33. The word “seduction” in the fourth paragraph probably means “____”A. efforts to conquerB. exertions to understandC. endeavors to increase profitsD. attempts to win over34. Which of the following statements is true?A. Corporate executives in general are worth the high pay they receive.B. The income of corporate executives is proportional to the growth of corporate profits.C. Corporate executives tend to take advantage of their position to enrich themselves.D. The performance of corporate executives affects their own interests more than those of the shareholders.35. How does the author feel about the efforts to control senior executives?A. approving.B. optimistic.C. positive.D. doubtfulPassage EightHenry Ford, the famous U.S. inventor and car manufacturer, once said, “The business of America is business.” By this he meant that the U.S. way of life is based on the values of the business world.。
商务英语阅读课后答案.doc
商务英语阅读（课后练习答案）Chapter One: EconomicsLesson OneI• Check your comprehension: Decide if the sentences are T or F. Write T or F before each sentence. Compare your answer with your pair.l.T 2.T 3. F 4. F 5. FII• Familiar yourself with the following key terms:A.Choose the statement that defines one of the business terms given below.L distribute 2. purchase 3・ loan4.resource5.interest6. supplierB.Identify the English expressions of the following Chinese terms.1.unemployment rate2.financial affairs3.auto loanitary pursuits5.civilian pursuits6.raise money7.medical careS.economic concernsIII.Vocabulary practice: Filling in the blanks with the proper words or expressions you have learned from the text given below to finish the following sentences.1.distributed2. varying3. economic4. purchasing5.resources 6・ exchange 7.campaign & issueIV・ Translation.1.人类有多种需耍和需求。
商务英语阅读理解(精选5篇)
商务英语阅读理解（精选5篇）1.商务英语阅读理解第1篇Questions 1-7Look at the statements below and the article about the development of future business leaders on the oppositeWhich section of the article (A, B, C or D) does each statement (1-7) refer to?For each statement (1-7), mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer You will need to use some of these letters more than1 Managers need to take action to convince high-flyers of their value to the2 Organisations need to look beyond the high-flyers they are currently3 There is a concern that firms investing in training for high-flyers may not gain the benefits4 Managers need expert assistance from within their own firms in developing5 Firms currently identify high-flyers without the support of a guidance6 Managers are frequently too busy to deal with the development of7 Firms who work hard on their reputation as an employer will interest The Stars of the FutureA Existing management research does not tell us much about how to find and develop high-flyers, those people who have the potential to reach the top of an As a result, organisations are left to formulate their own A more effective overall policy for developing future leaders is needed, which is why the London Business School has launched the Tomorrow's Leaders Research Group (TLRG). The group contains representatives from 20 firms, and meets regularly to discuss the leadership development of the organisations'B TLRG recognises just how significant line managers are in the process of leadership Unfortunately, with today's flat organisations, where managers have functional as well as managerial responsibilities, people development all too often falls victim to heavy One manager in the research group was unconvinced by the logic of sending his best people away on development courses, 'only to see them poached by another department or, worse still, another firm'. This fear of losing high-flyers runs deep in the organisations that make up the researchC TLRG argues that the task of management is not necessarily about employee retention, but about creating 'attraction centres'. 'We must help line managers to realise that if their companies are known as ones that develop their people, they will have a greater appeal to high-flyers,' said one Furthermore, selecting people for, say, a leadership development programme is a sign of commitment from management to an Loyalty can then be more easily demanded inD TLRG has concluded that a company's HR specialists need to take action and engage with line managers individually about their role in the development of Indeed, in order to benefit fully from training high-flyers as the senior managers of the future, firms must actually address the development of all managers who will be supporting the Without this, managers will not be in a position to give appropriate And when eventually the high-flyers do move on, new ones will be needed to replace The next challenge will be to find a new generation of2.商务英语阅读理解第2篇give speech to 演说[例] address audience on a business projectadjourn (v) to stop (a court case, a meeting , )for a time before beginning again 延期，休会[例] The board meeting has been adjourned to an uncertain[同义词] postponeadjust (v) to settle an insurance claim 理算保险索赔[例] After the car accident, he made an insurance claim that will be adjustedadministration () organization and control of a company经营、管理[例] The administration power of a company also shows the internal control of the[同义词] managementadmin () abbreviation for administration 经营、管理administer () organize, control: 管理[同义词] manageadopt () choose, decide on采用[例] We adopted a newadvance () money paid before it is due, or for work only partially completed 预付款[例] Yesterday I received an advance on my monthly(v) to increase 提高[例] On bull market , shares are advancing[同义词] increase3.商务英语阅读理解第3篇《Staff appraisals》，员工评估。
2020年商务英语(BEC)高级阅读试题及答案(卷一)
2020年商务英语（BEC）高级阅读试题及答案（卷一）The Scientific Approach to RecruitmentWhen it (0) to selecting candidates through interview, more often than not the decision is made within the first five minutes of a meeting.??Yet employers like to (21) themselves that they are being exceptionally thorough in their selection processes. In today’s competitive market place, the (22) of staff in many organizations is fundamental to the company’s success and, as a result , recruiters use all means at their disposal to (23) the best in the field.One method in particular that has (24) in popularity is testing , either psychometric testing, which attempts to define psychological characteristics , or ability￡aptitude testing (25) an organization with an extra way of establishing a candidate’s suitability for a role. It (26) companies to add value by identifying key elements of a position and then testing candidates to ascertain their ability against those identified elements.The employment of psychometric or ability testing as one (27) of the recruitment process may have some merit, but in reality there is no real (28), scientific or otherwise, of the potential future performance of any individual. The answer to this problem is experience in interview techniques and strong definition of the elements of each position to be (29) as the whole recruitment process is based on few real certainties,the instinctive decisions that many employers make, based on a CT and the first five minutes of a meeting, are probably no less valid than any other tool employed in the (30) of recruitment.21.A suggest B convince C advise D believe22.A worth B credit C quality D distinction23.A secure B relies C attain D achieve24.A lifted B enlarged C expanded D risen25.A provides B offers C contributes D gives26.A lets B enables C agrees D admits27. A portion B member C share D component28. A extent B size C amount D measure29.A occupied B met C filled D appointed30 A business B topic C point D affair《The scientific approach to recruitment》，招人的科学方法。
商务英语阅读1王艳艳答案
商务英语阅读1王艳艳答案单项选择（每小题2分，共30道题）1. She refused to ___ the door key to the landlady until she got back her deposit. [单选题] *A. hand inB.hand outC.hand downD.hand over(正确答案)2. I've never been to Lhasa, but that's the city___. [单选题] *A.I'd most like to visit(正确答案)B. where I like to visit?C. which I like to visit mostlyD. I'd like much to visit3. He ___ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful. [单选题] *A. may have acted(正确答案)B. must have actedC. should actD. would act4. The government____ to approve the use of wide-spead surveillance when the Justice Department took objections. [单选题] *A. is goingB. had beenC. was about(正确答案)D. is coming5. Although ____ Spanish, he attended the course. [单选题] *A. he was knowingB. he is knowingC. having a knowledge of(正确答案)D. knows6. Mr. and Mrs. Smith are so excited today, for they bought____ yesterday. [单选题] *A. many furnituresB. so much furnitureC. many piece of furnitureD. a lot of furniture(正确答案)7. Despite their good service provided, most inns are less expensive than hotelsof____standards. [单选题] *A. equivalent(正确答案)B. likelyC. alikeD. uniform8. The back garden of our house contains a lawn, ____ very pleasant to sit on in summer. [单选题] *A. which is(正确答案)B. which it isC. it isD. where it is9. If you have really been studying English for so long. It's about time you ___ able to write letters in English. [单选题] *A. should beB. were(正确答案)C. must beD . are10. He's ___ as a “bellyacher”—— he's always complaining about some thing. [单选题] *A. who is knownB. whom is knownC. what is known(正确答案)D. which is known11. way（）. [单选题] *A.路，道路；方法，方式；方面(正确答案)B.高速公路C.快速干道，高速公路D.传送，运送；传达，表达12. expressway（） [单选题] *A.路，道路；方法，方式；方面B.高速公路C.快速干道，高速公路(正确答案)D.传送，运送；传达，表达13. freeway（） [单选题] *A.路，道路；方法，方式；方面B.高速公路(正确答案)C.快速干道，高速公路D.传送，运送；传达，表达14. convey（） [单选题] *A.交通工具，车辆；传播媒介，工具，手段B.显然的，明显的C.先前的，以前的D.传送，运送；传达，表达(正确答案)15. vehicle（） [单选题] *A.交通工具，车辆；传播媒介，工具，手段(正确答案)B.显然的，明显的C.先前的，以前的D.传送，运送；传达，表达16. obvious（） [单选题] *A.经由，经过，通过；凭借，通过…传递…，借助于B.显然的，明显的(正确答案)C.先前的，以前的D.传送，运送；传达，表达17. previous（） [单选题] *A.经由，经过，通过；凭借，通过…传递…，借助于B.显然的，明显的C.先前的，以前的(正确答案)D.传送，运送；传达，表达18. via（） [单选题] *A.经由，经过，通过；凭借，通过…传递…，借助于(正确答案)B.显然的，明显的C.先前的，以前的D.传送，运送；传达，表达19. want（） [单选题] *A.突然不见，消失；绝迹，不复存在B.想要；需要；缺乏(正确答案)C.假期；度假D.徒劳的，无效的；自负的，自视过高的20. vanish（） [单选题] *A.突然不见，消失；绝迹，不复存在(正确答案)B.想要；需要；缺乏C.假期；度假D.徒劳的，无效的；自负的，自视过高的21. vain（） [单选题] *A.突然不见，消失；绝迹，不复存在B.想要；需要；缺乏C.假期；度假D.徒劳的，无效的；自负的，自视过高的(正确答案)22. vacation（） [单选题] *A.突然不见，消失；绝迹，不复存在B.想要；需要；缺乏C.假期；度假(正确答案)D.徒劳的，无效的；自负的，自视过高的23. vacant（） [单选题] *A.突然不见，消失；绝迹，不复存在B.未被占用的，空着的；空缺的；空虚的(正确答案)C.真空；真空吸尘器；用真空吸尘器清扫D.徒劳的，无效的；自负的，自视过高的24. vacuum（） [单选题] *A.突然不见，消失；绝迹，不复存在B.未被占用的，空着的；空缺的；空虚的C.真空；真空吸尘器；用真空吸尘器清扫(正确答案)D.徒劳的，无效的；自负的，自视过高的25. win（） [单选题] *A.获胜，赢(正确答案)B.宣判…有罪；囚犯C.说服，劝服；使确信，使信服D.胜利26. convince（） [单选题] *A.获胜，赢B.宣判…有罪；囚犯C.说服，劝服；使确信，使信服(正确答案)D.胜利27. victory（） [单选题] *A.获胜，赢B.宣判…有罪；囚犯C.说服，劝服；使确信，使信服D.胜利(正确答案)28. convict（） [单选题] *A.获胜，赢B.宣判…有罪；囚犯(正确答案)C.说服，劝服；使确信，使信服D.胜利29. conviction（） [单选题] *A.确信，坚定的信仰；坚信，信服；定罪，判罪(正确答案)B.宣判…有罪；囚犯C.牺牲品，受害者D.胜利30. victim（） [单选题] *A.确信，坚定的信仰；坚信，信服；定罪，判罪B.宣判…有罪；囚犯C.牺牲品，受害者(正确答案)D.胜利阅读理解一：In the classic marriage vow（誓约）, couples promise to stay together in sickness and in health. But a new study finds that the risk of divorce among older couples rises when the wife-not the husband—becomes seriously ill.“Married women diagnosed with a serious health condition may find themselves struggling with the impact of their disease while also experiencing the stress of divorce,”said researcher Amelia Karraker.Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed 20 years of data on 2,717 marriages from a study conducted by Indiana University since 1992. At the time of the first interview, at least one of the partners was over the age of 50.The researchers examined how the onset（发生）of four serious physical illnesses affected marriages. They found that, overall, 31% of marriages ended in divorce over theperiod studied. The incidence of new chronic（慢性的）illness onset increased over time as well, with more husbands than wives developing serious health problems.“We found that women are doubly vulnerable to marital break-up in the face of illness,”Karraker said. “They’re more likely to be widowed, and if they’re the ones who become ill, they’re more likely to get divorced.”While the study didn’t assess why divorce in more likely when wives but not husbands become seriously ill, Karraker offers a few possible reasons. “Gender norms and social expectations about caregiving many make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses,” Karraker said. “And because of the imbalance in marriage markets, especially in older ages, divorced men have more choices among prospective partners than divorced women.”Given the increasing concern about health care costs for the aging population, Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the relationship between disease and risk of divorce.“Offering support services to spouses caring for their other halves may reduce marital stress and prevent divorce at older ages,” she said. “But it’s also important to recognize that the pressure to divorce may be health-related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and services to prevent worsening health and increased health costs.”31. What can we learn about marriage vows from the passage? [单选题] *A) They may not guarantee a lasting marriage.(正确答案)B) They are as binding as they used to be.C) They are not taken seriously any more.D) They may help couples tide over hard times.32. What did Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham find about elderly husbands? [单选题] *A) They are generally not good at taking care of themselves.B) They can become increasingly vulnerable to serious illnesses.C) They can develop different kinds of illnesses just like their wives.D) They are more likely to contract serious illnesses than their wives.(正确答案)33. What does Karraker say about women who fall ill? [单选题] *A) They are more likely to be widowed.B) They are more likely to get divorced.(正确答案)C) They are less likely to receive good care.D) They are less likely to bother their spouses.34. Why is it more difficult for men to take care of their sick spouses according to Karraker? [单选题] *A) They are more accustomed to receiving care.(正确答案)B) They find it more important to make money for the family.C) They think it more urgent to fulfill their social obligations.D) They expect society to do more of the job.35. What does Karraker think is also important? [单选题] *A) Reducing marital stress on wives.B) Stabilizing old couples’s relations.C) Providing extra care for divorced women.(正确答案)D) Making men pay for their wives’ health costs.阅读理解二：If you were like most children, you probably got upset when your mother called you by a sibling’s(兄弟姐妹的)name. How could she not know you? Did it mean she loved youless?The study, published online in April in the journal Memory and Cognition,found that the “wrong” name is not random but is invariably fished out from the same relationship pond: children, siblings, friends. The study did not examine the possibility of deep psychological significance to the mistake, says psychologist David Rubin, “but it doestell us who’s in and who’s out of the group.”The study also found that within that group, misnamings occurred where the names shared initial or internal sounds, like Jimmy and Joanie or John and Bob. Physical resemblance between people was not a factor. Nor was gender.The researchers conducted five separate surveys of more than 1,700 people. Some of the surveys included only college students; others were done with a mixed-age population. Some asked subjects about incidents where someone close to them—family or friend—had called them by another person’s name. The other surveys asked about times when subjects had themselves called someone close to them by the wrong name. All the surveys found that people mixed up names within relationship groups such as grandchildren, friends and siblings but hardly ever crossed these boundaries.In general, the study found that undergraduates were almost as likely as old people to make this mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and women made the mistake slightly more often, but that may be because grandparents have more grandchildren to mix up than parents have children. Also, mothers may call on their children more often than fathers, given traditional gender norms. There was no evidence that errors occurred more when the misnamer was frustrated, tired or angry.36. How might people often feel when they were misnamed? [单选题] *A)Unwanted.B)Unhappy.(正确答案)C)Confused.D)Indifferent.37. What did David Rubin’s research find about misnaming? [单选题] *A)It is related to the way our memories work.(正确答案)B)It is a possible indicator of a faulty memory.C)It occurs mostly between kids and their friends.D)It often causes misunderstandings among people.38. What is most likely the cause of misnaming? [单选题] *A) Similar personality traits.B) Similar spellings of names.C) Similar physical appearance.D) Similar pronunciation of names.(正确答案)39. What did the surveys of more than 1,700 subjects find about misnaming? [单选题] *A) It more often than not hurts relationships.B) It hardly occurs across gender boundaries.C) It is most frequently found in extended families.D) It most often occurs within a relationship groups.(正确答案)40. Why do mothers misname their children more often than fathers? [单选题] *A) They suffer more frustrations.B) They become worn out more often.C) They communicate more with their children.(正确答案)D) They generally take on more work at home.。
商务英语阅读试题1答案
鲁东大学成人教育函授商务英语阅读期末考试卷答案I.Read the following terms and match each with its proper definition. (26%)1.W2.X3.Y4.Z5.R6.Q7.P 8.O 9.V10.U 11.T 12.S13.N 14.L 15.M16.K 17.F 18.E19.J 20.I 21.G22.H 23.B 24.A25.C 26.D 每小题1分II. Translate the following passage into Chinese (22%).Passage I (12%)关税会以下列四种形式出现：从价税，从量税，选择税或复合关税。
最常使用的一种是从价税，是以商品价格的百分比计算—例如10%，20%或25%。
根据不同国家，它们不是以到达目的港的商品价格为依据，就是以原产国港口的货物价格为依据。
从量税是根据商品的重量，数量，长度，体积或其他单位来征税—例如，每磅或每码25美元。
选择税，是一种产品被规定既可以征收从价税又可以征收从量税，要求按照税额更多的税种征收。
复合关税，即对进口货物同时征收从量税和从价税—例如，征收商品价格的10%外加每千克1美元。
本题12分Passage II (10%)现在有一种趋势就是全球一体化，区域化。
诸如北美自由贸易协定, 东南亚国家联盟和欧盟这样的优惠贸易协议使若干国家形成统一的市场，从而为这些国家的企业提供了很好的商机。
很多国家迅速的通过贸易或生产加入到这些市场中去。
本题10分III. Reading Comprehensions. (40%).Passage Ai. Determine whether the following statements are True or False according to thetext. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the brackets.(10%)1. T2. T3. F4. F5. T 每小题2分ii. Choose the best answers to the following questions. (10%)1.C 2. B 3. C 4. D(B) 5. D每小题2分Passage B第 1 页共2 页i. Determine whether the following statements are True or False according to the text. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the brackets. (10%)1. T2. F3. F4. T5. F每小题2分ii. Choose the best answers to the following questions. (10%)1. A2. B3. C4. A5. C每小题2分IV. Answer the following questions according to the text you have learned (12%)1.What is tariff? And what can it do?A tariff is a tax or duty levied on commodities when they cross national boundaries, normally an import duty, for the purpose of raising their selling price in the importing nati on’s market to reduce competition against domestic producers. It is the most common method of restricting trade2.What are the differences between tariff barriers and NTBs?Contrary to tariff duties which are relatively transparent, non-tariff barriers are often more complex and difficult to sniff and therefore assess than tariffs. Furthermore, NTBs can have more trade-restrictive effects than tariffs 3.What is economic globalization?Economic globalization is a product of the current world economic, scientific and technological development. It has brought all the countries in the world development opportunities, severe challenges and risks, as well as a subject of how to establish a just and reasonable new international economic order.4.What are pros and cons of globalization?Globalization is deeply controversial, however. Proponents of globalization argue that it allows poor countries and their citizens to develop economically and raise their standards of living, while opponents of globalization claim that the creation of an unfettered international free market has benefited multinational corporations in the Western world at the expense of local enterprises, local cultures, and common people. Resistance to globalization has therefore taken shape both at a popular and at a governmental level as people and governments try to manage the flow of capital, labor, goods, and ideas that constitute thecurrent wave of globalization.每小题3分第 2 页共2 页。
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II) Match each one on the left with its correct meaning on the right1. motivation2. pursue3. mark up4. procurement5. intangible6. cargoroyalty商务英语阅读习题（一）I) Comprehension1. What is international trade?2. What are the major motivations for private firm to operate international business?3. What measures do most companies usually adopt to avoid wild swings in the sales and profits?4. Pleas give the four major modes chosen by most companies when entering into international trade.5. Could you find any difference between Direct Investment and Portfolio Investment? If you can, please tell the main reasons.6. What is MNE? What are its synonyms?7. What limits a firm's sales?A. tomake continual efforts to gain sth. B. the action of obtaining, esp. by efforts of carefulattention. C. which by is its nature can not be known by senses, not clear and certain, not real. D. the goods (freight) carried by a ship, plane or vehicle.E. the amount by which a price is raised.F. profit, interest-G. the net value of assets or interest, invest.8. equity 股本，资产净值 H. not needing other things or people, taking decisions alone.9. yield I. a share of the profits.10. independent J. need or purpose.2. A3.E4.B5. C6.D7.18.G9.F 10.HHI) Fill in the blanks with the words or expressions given below and if necessary, put the word in the right form.A. orientationB. diversifyC. seek outD. differentiate...fromE. take advantage ofF. undergoG. bring aboutH. correspond L abandon J. amount to K. Come after L. approach1. That factory is trying to B its products to sell in different markets.2. A successful businessman is always skilled in E every possible opportunity.3. Reforming and opening to the world has G great changes in our lives.4. Can you D this kind of operating the others?5. Private firm going in for international business have a profit A6. He I his company and family and went away with all the money.7. The L of winter brings cold weather.8. The manager's words J a refusal to the proposal.pany is always C the best way to gain more while cost less.10.The city has F many changes during the last ten years.11.Direct investment usually K a firm has experience in exporting or importing.12.There goods don't H to the list of these I ordered.IV)Translate the following terms and phrases into Chinese;1.purchasing power lO.recovery2.sales potentials 11, recession3.mark-up 13. portfolio investment4.domestic markets 12. tangible goods5.finished goods 13. visible exports and imports6.profit margin 14. revenue and expenditure7.market share 15- excess capacity8.trade discrimination9.business cycles 16. licencing agreementsV)Translate the following sentences into Chinese;If the exporting market price exceeds the one at the importing country, a dumping margin exists on that particular sale. Then Under Article VI of GATT( General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 1994, and the Anti-Dumping Agreement, WTO Members can impose anti-dumping measures, if, after investigation in accordance with the Agreement, a determination is made (a) that dumping is occurring, (b) that the domestic industry producing the like product in the importing country is suffering material injury, and (c) that there is a causal link between the two. Typically anti-dumping action means charging extra import duty on the particular product from the particular exporting country in order to bring its price closer to the “normal value" or to remove the injury to domestic industry in the importing country.VI)Translate the following sentences into English;1.国际贸易有助于所有的国家促进经济的发展。
International trade helps all nations to boost the economic growth.2.对大多数国家来说，国际贸易或对外贸易是它们国际活动中最重要的部分。
For most countries, international trade or foreign trade is the most important part of their international activities.3.在复杂的经济世界中，没有一个国家可以完全自给自足In the complex economic world, no country can be completely self-sufficient.4.国际贸易是一个国家生产的商品和劳务与另一个国家生产的商品和劳务的交换。
除了有形贸易，即商品和货物的进出口以外，还有无形贸易，这是指国家之间劳务的交换。
希腊和挪威等国拥有庞大的海运船队，提供运输服务，这是无形贸易的一种。
无形贸易对一些国家来说，就像原材料和商品出口对其它一些国家那样重要。
在这两种情况下，这些国家都能赚到钱去购买其所需要的商品。
International trade is the exchange of goods and services produced in one country for goods and services produced in another country. In addition to visible trade, which involves the import and export merchandise and the goods, there is also invisible trade, which involves the exchange of services between nations. Nations such as Greece and Norway have large maritime/navigation fleets and provide transportation service. This is a kind of invisible trade. Invisible trade can be as important to some nations as the export of raw materials or commodities is to others. In both cases, the nations earn the money to buy necessities.5.世界上没有任何一个国家能生产它所需的所有产品，所以各国参与国际分工，进行有效的生产和再生产。