四级英语词根词缀一览

（附件）六级基本语法讲义————词缀（前缀+后缀）VS. 词类【区别一下单词的发音和不同词性】会发现重音的位置能决定词类及其意思

Record De’sert Con’duct Con’flict Con’test Con’vict Di’gest Dis’count

Ex’port

Ex’tract

Im’port

Increase

Insult

Perfume

Permit

Pre’sent

Pro’test

Re’bel

Sus’pect

【有的词类通过改变词尾的清浊音来改变词类】名词动词

Advi c e advi s e Belie f belie ve Excu s e excuse Relie f reli eve

U s e

Ba th ba the

Proo f pro ve

Clo se

【词语的派生是构词中的一个重要的方法，派生词多数是由词根和后缀构成】

一、名词后缀常包括以下：

-er -者thinker harvesterpainkiller can-opener teacher painter cleaner farmer writer fighter reporter boxer runner player dancer singer swimmer

-or -员actor sailor conductor director visitor author monitor

-ist -家scientist dentist Buddhist artist biologist psychologist chemist

-ee -人员refer ee employ ee examin ee interview eetrainee/trainer

-ess -员waitress actress hostess lioness

-ian -工/师librarian musician magician physician technician electrician

-ese -人ChineseTaiwanese Japanese Vietnamese

-ant -人员inhabi tant contest ant protest ant

-ism -风格/主义Romanticism Realism communism capitalism criticism impressionism

-ness ill ness happi nes s great ness cold ness

-tion dicta tion prepara tion excep tion expecta tion repeti tion

-ment judg ment argu ment move ment govern ment

-ion expansion dictation preparation exception repetition

-ing building feeling painting wedding opening

-Ship leadership friendship scholarship hardship

-Hood childhood falsehoodlikelihood motherhoodNeighborhood brotherhood

-Age stor age leak age shortage

-ure failure pressure pleasure

-dom freedom kingdom

-ty loyalty cruelty safety penalty

-ity activity reality humid ity possibil ity

-Y modesty difficulty discovery

-th truth warmth health length

-al refusal denial approval arrival

-ance acceptanceallowance assistance reliance

-ence dependence confidence difference reference

-ful mouthful handful

-ry jewelry bribery slavery

-eer engineer mountaineer profiteer -let booklet leaflet starlet

二、形容词的后缀：

-ful cheerful useful grateful faithful

-less fear less care less home less- hope lesss

-ish childish reddish Swedish selfish

-ive active collective decisive destructive

-ous courageous famous continuous enormous

-able accept able agree able applic able comfort able

-ible sensible contemptible responsible

-ic realist ic poet ic histor ic energe tic

-ant ignorant significant observant

-ly friendly lovely lively leisurely daily timely -al critical accidental continual exceptional -y rainy handy thirsty dirty

-entdifferent dependent consistent obedient -ary imaginary revolutionary secondary

-some trouble some tiresome

-like childlike womanlike warlike manlike

-en golden wooden earthen woolen

-ate fortunate passionate

-amEuropean indian AmericanCanadian

三、动词的后缀：

-ize realize normalize modernize mechanize -en widen hasten strengthen

-ify simplify beautify amplify diversify 四、副词：

-ly Really happily simply terribly

-ward forward backward eastward homeward -wise likewise otherwise

五、数词：teen ty th

【前缀一般不会造成词类的转变，而只引起意思上的变化，有相当一部分的前缀会构成反义词】

-un 不unhappy untureuncomfortableunfortunate

做相反的动作undress undo unpack unload

Dis 不dislike dishonest disagree

做相反的动作disinfect disconnect

In 不informal inaccurate inconvenient

Im 不immoral impolite impossible

Ir 不irregular irresponsibleirresistible

Re- 重新retell regain redesign rewrite.

Mis- 错误的misspell misinform misunderstand

Co- 共同的coexist cooperate coincidence

Counter- 反counterattack counterpart counterstrike Anti- 反antitank antifascist anti-chemical anticraft Over- 过于overdo over-estimate oversimplify

Under 不够/ 朝下的underestimate undermine

Ex 前ex-husbandex-president

Pre 预先，之前的prefabricate preschool Post 后post-war post-election post-graduate

Fore 预先，前foretell foreleg forefront

Self sel-employed self-service

Super 超级的superman supermarket

Sub 下面的subway subconscious submarine

Inter 相互的internationalinteract

Tele 远距离的telescope telephone television Trans 跨越，移动transatlantic transplant

Micro 微小的microfilm microbiology microcomputer Mini 小型的minibus miniskirt minicab

Hyper 超、过分hypersensitive hyperactive

Semi 半semicirclesemi-final semi-conductor

Vice 副vice-premier vice-chairman vice-president

Bi双bicycle bilingual

Tri 三tricycle triangle

Multi 多multi-racial multi-national

Auto 自动的automationautonomousautobiography