飞利浦单片机选型指南

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如何选择适合的单片机-单片机选型

专利证书网站首页由单片机实现检测控制，其中一个首要的工作就是选择合适的单片机。

目前国内在使用单片机作控制系统的微处理器时多选择51系列或Motorola 系列单片机，而本系统选用的PIC系列单片机在多个方面较其它系列单片机更有优越性。

下面对PIC单片机作较详细介绍。

2.4.l由单片机实现检测控制，其中一个首要的工作就是选择合适的单片机。

目前国内在使用单片机作控制系统的微处理器时多选择51系列或Motorola当今世界上涌现出各种各样的单片机，目前应用较广的主要有美国Intel公司开发和生产的MCS一51，MCS一96系列、台湾ICSI公司的8051系列、美国Motorola公司的MC68系列和美国Microchip公司的PIC系列等，其中各个系列的单片机都有其各自的优点，与其它系列相比，美国力，从而提高了工业电脑自动控制器的适应能力，以下分几个方面通过与其它类型单片机的比较来说明它的优越之处。

(l)哈佛总线结构 PIC系列单片机在架构上采用了与众不同的设计手法，PIC系列单片机不仅采用了哈佛体系结构(也就是两种存储器位于不同的逻辑空间里，这种架构的微控制器、微处理器、数字信号处理器或者微型计算机系统，称为哈佛体系结构)，而且还采用了哈佛总线结构。

在PIC系列单片机中采用的这种哈佛总线结构，就是在芯片内部将数据总线和指令总线分离，并且采用不同的宽度，这样做的好处是，便于实现指令提取的“流水作业”，也就是在执行一条指令的同时对下一条指令进行取指令操作;便于实现全部指令的单字节化、单周期化，从而有利于提高CP U执行指令的速度。

在一般的单片机中，指令总线和数据总线是共用的(即分时复用)Motorola公司开发的MC68H C05/08系列单片机，其程序存储器和数据存储器统一编址(也就是两种存储器位于同一个逻辑空间里，这种架构的微控制器、微处理器、数字信号处理器或者微型计算机系统，称为普林斯顿体系结构)，早期在国内市场上最流行的单片机产品Intel开发生产的MCS一51系列单片机，其程序存储器和数据存储器虽然独立编址;但是它们与CP U之间传递信息必须共用同一条总线，仍然摆脱不了瓶颈效应的制约，于是影响到CP U运行速度的进一步提高。

单片机系统外围电路中的电子器件选型简单指南

单片机系统外围电路中的电子器件选型简单指南各种类型电阻选用经验1．固定电阻器的选用固定电阻器有多种类型，选择哪一种材料和结构的电阻器，应根据应用电路的具体要求而定。

高频电路应选用分布电感和分布电容小的非线绕电阻器，例如碳膜电阻器、金属电阻器和金属氧化膜电阻器等。

高增益小信号放大电路应选用低噪声电阻器，例如金属膜电阻器、碳膜电阻器和线绕电阻器，而不能使用噪声较大的合成碳膜电阻器和有机实心电阻器。

线绕电阻器的功率较大，电流噪声小，耐高温，但体积较大。

普通线绕电阻器常用于低频电路或中作限流电阻器、分压电阻器、泄放电阻器或大功率管的偏压电阻器。

精度较高的线绕电阻器多用于固定衰减器、电阻箱、计算机及各种精密电子仪器中。

所选电阻器的电阻值应接近应用电路中计算值的一个标称值，应优先选用标准系列的电阻器。

一般电路使用的电阻器允许误差为±5%~±10%。

精密仪器及特殊电路中使用的电阻器，应选用精密电阻器。

所选电阻器的额定功率，要符合应用电路中对电阻器功率容量的要求，一般不应随意加大或减小电阻器的功率。

若电路要求是功率型电阻器，则其额定功率可高于实际应用电路要求功率的1~2倍。

2．熔断电阻器的选用熔断电阻器具有保护功能的电阻器。

选用时应考虑其双重性能，根据电路的具体要求选择其阻值和功率等参数。

既要保证它在过负荷时能快速熔断，又要保证它在正常条件下能长期稳定的工作。

电阻值过大或功率过大，均不能起到保护作用。

3．热敏电阻器的选用热敏电阻器的种类和型号较多，选哪一种热敏电阻器，应根据电路的具体要求而定。

正温度系数热敏电阻器（PTC）一般用于电冰箱压缩机起动电路、彩色显像管消磁电路、电动机过电流过热保护电路、限流电路及恒温电加热电路。

压缩机起动电路中常用的热敏电阻器有MZ-01~MZ-04系列、MZ81系列、MZ91系列、MZ92系列和MZ93系列等。

可以根据不同类型压缩机来选用适合它起动的热敏电阻器，以达到最好的起动效果。

EFM8系列单片机产品选型表

25 32 kB 4
16
25 32 kB 4
24
25 32 kB 4
24
25 64 kB 4
16
25 64 kB 4
24
25 64 kB 4
24
48 16 kB 2
13
48 16 kB 2
22
48 8 kB
2
13
48 16 kB 2
17
48 32 kB 2
25
48 32 kB 2
25
48 32 kB 2
TRUE 2
TRUE 2
TRUE 2
TRUE 2
TRUE 2
TRUE 2
TRUE 2
TRUE
TRUE 2
TRUE
TRUE 2
TRUE
TRUE 2
TRUE
TRUE 2
TRUE 2
TRUE 2
TRUE 2
TRUE 2
TRUE 2
Cap Sense
TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
Package TQyFpNe20 QFN20 QFN20 QSOP24 SOIC16 QFN20 QSOP24 QFN28 QFN20 QFN20 QFN20 QFN24 QSOP24 QFN24 QFN24 QFN32 QFP32 QFN24 QFN32 QFP32 QFN20 QFN28 QFN20 QSOP24 QFN32 QFP32 QFP48 QFN32 QFP32 QFP48
EFM8UB20F32G-A-QFP48 8051
EFM8UB20F64G-A-QFN32 8051
EFM8UB20F64G-A-QFP32 8051
EFM8UB20F64G-A-QFP48 8051

ST 单片机选型指南

ST 意法 > STM32 微控制器STM32 (CORTEX M3)–32位微控制器STM32 32位ARM控制器概述STM32系列32位闪存微控制器基于突破性的ARM Cortex-M3 内核,这是一款专为嵌入式应用而开发的内核。

STM32系列产品得益于Cortex-M3在架构上进行的多项改进,包括提升性能的同时又提高了代码密度的Thumb-2指令集,大幅度提高的中断响应,而且所有新功能都同时具有业界最优的功耗水平。

目前ST是第一个推出基于这个内核的主要微控制器厂商。

STM32系列产品的目的是为MCU用户提供新的自由度。

它提供了一个完整的32位产品系列,在结合了高性能、低功耗和低电压特性:的同时保持了高度的集成性能和简易的开发特性:。

STM32(ARM Cortex-M3)——32位微控制器系列STM32的优势1. 搭载ARM公司最新的、具有先进架构的Cortex-M3内核2. 高级的、创新型外设3. 低功率/低电压特性:4. 最大的集成性5. 易于开发,加速了面市时间6. 整个产品系列具有脚到脚、外设和软件的高度兼容性,为您提供最大的灵活性。

STM32拥有2个完整的产品线,可以实现更多选择：1. 增强型,STM32F103的时钟频率为72MHz,具有更多的片上RAM和片上外设。

它将32位微控制器系列的性能及能效提高到一个新水平。

在72 MHz下运行的Cortex-M3内核,可以完成高端计算。

其外设集实现了超级的控制与连接性。

2. 基本型,STM32F101的时钟频率为36MHz,它是STM32系列的入门产品。

它以16位微控制器的功耗达到了32位微控制器的性能。

两个产品线都是脚到脚兼容和软件兼容,并提供了相同的嵌入式闪存存储器选项。

STM32 ,最优的平台1. STM32是您最优的平台,在这一平台上可以支持多项应用。

2. 从较少的存储及引脚要求到更大的需求3. 从要求高速运算到使用电池供电4. 从单一的成本敏感型到复杂的高价值产品整个产品系列脚到脚、外设和软件的高度兼容性为您提供完全的灵活性。

pic单片机选型 (3)

pic单片机选型1. 引言在嵌入式系统和电子设备开发中，单片机起到至关重要的作用。

它们是一种集成了中央处理器、存储器和各种输入输出接口的微型计算机芯片。

PIC（Peripheral Interface Controller）单片机是由Microchip Technology公司推出的一系列单片机产品。

选择适合的PIC单片机是一个关键的决策，它需要考虑多个方面，包括系统需求、性能要求、电源管理、成本和开发环境等因素。

本文将介绍如何进行PIC单片机选型，并对一些常用的PIC单片机进行简要的比较和评估。

2. PIC单片机选型指南2.1 系统需求在选择PIC单片机之前，首先需要明确系统的需求。

这包括但不限于以下几个方面： - 处理能力：需要考虑系统的运算复杂性和实时性要求。

如果需要处理大量数据或实时响应，可能需要选择高性能的PIC单片机。

- 存储容量：系统需要的存储容量包括程序存储器（Flash）和数据存储器（RAM）。

根据系统的功能和数据处理需求，选择合适的存储容量。

- 输入输出接口：根据系统的外部设备需求，选择具有足够的IO口和通信接口的PIC单片机。

- 电源管理：如果系统对功耗要求比较高，需要选择低功耗的PIC单片机。

- 开发环境：选择一个熟悉且易于使用的开发环境，以便开发过程更加顺利。

2.2 PIC单片机性能PIC单片机的性能指标包括但不限于以下几个方面： - 主频：PIC单片机的主频决定了其计算能力和运行速度。

主频越高，性能越强。

- 片内存储器：片内存储器包括Flash和RAM。

Flash存储程序，RAM存储变量和临时数据。

存储容量越大，可以处理的程序越复杂，数据存储越丰富。

- 片外扩展：某些应用可能需要扩展片外存储器，如外部Flash、EEPROM或SD卡。

选择具备这些扩展接口的PIC单片机可以满足更高的存储需求。

- IO口数量和类型：根据系统的外部设备需求，需要足够的IO口和通信接口。

Atmel 8051 微控制器家族 - 产品选择指南.pdf_1702133939.8143017说

Continued....Features Array•Compatible with MCS-51™ Products•4K Bytes of Reprogrammable Flash Memory–Endurance: 1,000 Write/Erase Cycles• 3.0V to 6V Operating Range•Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 24 MHz•Two-Level Program Memory Lock•128 x 8-Bit Internal RAM•15 Programmable I/O Lines•Two 16-Bit Timer/Counters•Six Interrupt Sources•Programmable Serial UART Channel•Direct LED Drive Outputs•On-Chip Analog Comparator•Low Power Idle and Power Down Modes•Brown-Out DetectionDescriptionThe AT89C4051 is a low-voltage, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 4K Bytes of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM). The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry standard MCS-51™ instruction set. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89C4051 is a pow-erful microcomputer which provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution to many embedded control applications.The AT89C4051 provides the following standard features: 4K Bytes of Flash, 128 bytes of RAM, 15 I/O lines, two 16-bit timer/counters, a five vector two-level interrupt architecture, a full duplex serial port, a precision analog comparator, on-chip oscillator and clock circuitry. In addition, the AT89C4051 is designed with static logic for opera-tion down to zero frequency and supports two software-selectable power saving modes. The Idle Mode stops the CPU while allowing the RAM, timer/counters, serial port and interrupt system to continue functioning. The Power Down Mode saves the RAM contents but freezes the oscillator disabling all other chip functions until the nexthardware reset.Block DiagramAT89C4051Pin DescriptionV CCSupply voltage.GNDGround.Port 1Port 1 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port. Port pins P1.2 to P1.7 provide internal pullups. P1.0 and P1.1 require exter-nal pullups. P1.0 and P1.1 also serve as the positive input (AIN0) and the negative input (AIN1), respectively, of the on-chip precision analog comparator. The Port 1 output buffers can sink 20 mA and can drive LED displays directly. When 1s are written to Port 1 pins, they can be used as inputs. When pins P1.2 to P1.7 are used as inputs and are externally pulled low, they will source current (I IL) because of the internal pullups.Port 1 also receives code data during Flash programming and verification.Port 3Port 3 pins P3.0 to P3.5, P3.7 are seven bidirectional I/O pins with internal pullups. P3.6 is hard-wired as an input to the output of the on-chip comparator and is not accessible as a general purpose I/O pin. The Port 3 output buffers can sink 20 mA. When 1s are written to Port 3 pins they are pulled high by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 3 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (I IL) because of the pullups. Port 3 also serves the functions of various special features of the AT89C4051 as listed below:Port 3 also receives some control signals for Flash pro-gramming and verification.RSTReset input. All I/O pins are reset to 1s as soon as RST goes high. Holding the RST pin high for two machine cycles while the oscillator is running resets the device.Each machine cycle takes 12 oscillator or clock cycles. XTAL1Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier and input to the internal clock operating circuit. XTAL2Output from the inverting oscillator amplifier.Oscillator CharacteristicsXTAL1 and XTAL2 are the input and output, respectively, of an inverting amplifier which can be configured for use as an on-chip oscillator, as shown in Figure 1. Either a quartz crystal or ceramic resonator may be used. To drive the device from an external clock source, XTAL2 should be left unconnected while XTAL1 is driven as shown in Figure 2. There are no requirements on the duty cycle of the external clock signal, since the input to the internal clocking circuitry is through a divide-by-two flip-flop, but minimum and maxi-mum voltage high and low time specifications must be observed.Figure 1. Oscillator ConnectionsNote:C1, C2= 30 pF ± 10 pF for Crystals= 40 pF ± 10 pF for Ceramic Resonators Figure 2. External Clock Drive ConfigurationPort Pin Alternate FunctionsP3.0RXD (serial input port)P3.1TXD (serial output port) P3.2INT0 (external interrupt 0) P3.3INT1 (external interrupt 1) P3.4T0 (timer 0 external input) P3.5T1 (timer 1 external input)Special Function RegistersA map of the on-chip memory area called the Special Func-tion Register (SFR) space is shown in the table below. Note that not all of the addresses are occupied, and unoc-cupied addresses may not be implemented on the chip. Read accesses to these addresses will in general return random data, and write accesses will have an indetermi-nate er software should not write 1s to these unlisted loca-tions, since they may be used in future products to invoke new features. In that case, the reset or inactive values of the new bits will always be 0.Table 1. AT89C4051 SFR Map and Reset Values0F8H0FFH0F0H B000000000F7H 0E8H0EFH0E0H ACC000000000E7H 0D8H0DFH0D0H PSW000000000D7H 0C8H0CFH 0C0H0C7H0B8H IPXXX000000BFH0B0H P3111111110B7H0A8H IE0XX000000AFH 0A0H0A7H98H SCON00000000SBUFXXXXXXXX9FH90H P11111111197H88H TCON00000000TMOD00000000TL000000000TL100000000TH000000000TH1000000008FH80H SP00000111DPL00000000DPH00000000PCON0XXX000087HAT89C4051Restrictions on Certain InstructionsThe AT89C4051 is an economical and cost-effective mem-ber of Atmel’s growing family of microcontrollers. It contains 4K bytes of flash program memory. It is fully compatible with the MCS-51 architecture, and can be programmed using the MCS-51 instruction set. However, there are a few considerations one must keep in mind when utilizing certain instructions to program this device.All the instructions related to jumping or branching should be restricted such that the destination address falls within the physical program memory space of the device, which is 4K for the AT89C4051. This should be the responsibility of the software programmer. For example, LJMP 0FE0H would be a valid instruction for the AT89C4051 (with 4K of memory), whereas LJMP 1000H would not.1. Branching instructions:LCALL, LJMP, ACALL, AJMP, SJMP, JMP @A+DPTR These unconditional branching instructions will execute correctly as long as the programmer keeps in mind that the destination branching address must fall within the physical boundaries of the program memory size (locations 00H to FFFH for the 89C4051). Violating the physical space limits may cause unknown program behavior.CJNE [...], DJNZ [...], JB, JNB, JC, JNC, JBC, JZ, JNZ With these conditional branching instructions the same rule above applies. Again, violating the memory boundaries may cause erratic execution.For applications involving interrupts the normal interrupt service routine address locations of the 80C51 family archi-tecture have been preserved.2. MOVX-related instructions, Data Memory:The AT89C4051 contains 128 bytes of internal data mem-ory. Thus, in the AT89C4051 the stack depth is limited to 128 bytes, the amount of available RAM. External DATA memory access is not supported in this device, nor is exter-nal PROGRAM memory execution. Therefore, no MOVX [...] instructions should be included in the program.A typical 80C51 assembler will still assemble instructions, even if they are written in violation of the restrictions men-tioned above. It is the responsibility of the controller user to know the physical features and limitations of the device being used and adjust the instructions used correspond-ingly.Program Memory Lock BitsOn the chip are two lock bits which can be left unpro-grammed (U) or can be programmed (P) to obtain the addi-tional features listed in the table below:Lock Bit Protection Modes(1)Note: 1.The Lock Bits can only be erased with the Chip Erase operation.Idle ModeIn idle mode, the CPU puts itself to sleep while all the on-chip peripherals remain active. The mode is invoked by software. The content of the on-chip RAM and all the spe-cial functions registers remain unchanged during this mode. The idle mode can be terminated by any enabled interrupt or by a hardware reset.P1.0 and P1.1 should be set to ’0’ if no external pullups are used, or set to ’1’ if external pullups are used.It should be noted that when idle is terminated by a hard-ware reset, the device normally resumes program execu-tion, from where it left off, up to two machine cycles before the internal reset algorithm takes control. On-chip hardware inhibits access to internal RAM in this event, but access to the port pins is not inhibited. To eliminate the possibility of an unexpected write to a port pin when Idle is terminated by reset, the instruction following the one that invokes Idle should not be one that writes to a port pin or to external memory.Power Down ModeIn the power down mode the oscillator is stopped, and the instruction that invokes power down is the last instruction executed. The on-chip RAM and Special Function Regis-ters retain their values until the power down mode is termi-nated. The only exit from power down is a hardware reset. Reset redefines the SFRs but does not change the on-chip RAM. The reset should not be activated before V CC is restored to its normal operating level and must be held active long enough to allow the oscillator to restart and sta-bilize.P1.0 and P1.1 should be set to ’0’ if no external pullups are used, or set to ’1’ if external pullups are used.Program Lock BitsLB1LB2Protection Type1U U No program lock features.2P U Further programming of the Flashis disabled.3P P Same as mode 2, also verify isdisabled.Brown-Out DetectionWhen V CC drops below the detection threshold, all port pins (except P1.0 and P1.1) are weakly pulled high. When V CC goes back up again, an internal Reset is automatically generated after a delay of typically 15 msec. The nominal brown-out detection threshold is 2.3V ± 10%.Programming The FlashThe AT89C4051 is shipped with the 4K bytes of on-chip PEROM code memory array in the erased state (i.e., con-tents = FFH) and ready to be programmed. The code mem-ory array is programmed one byte at a time. Once the array is programmed, to re-program any non-blank byte, the entire memory array needs to be erased electrically. Internal Address Counter: The AT89C4051 contains an internal PEROM address counter which is always reset to 000H on the rising edge of RST and is advanced by apply-ing a positive going pulse to pin XTAL1.Programming Algorithm: To program the AT89C4051, the following sequence is recommended.1.Power-up sequence:Apply power between V CC and GND pinsSet RST and XTAL1 to GND2.Set pin RST to ’H’Set pin P3.2 to ’H’3.Apply the appropriate combination of ’H’ or ’L’ logiclevels to pins P3.3, P3.4, P3.5, P3.7 to select one of the programming operations shown in the PEROM Pro-gramming Modes table.To Program and Verify the Array:4.Apply data for Code byte at location 000H to P1.0 toP1.7.5.Raise RST to 12V to enable programming.6.Pulse P3.2 once to program a byte in the PEROM arrayor the lock bits. The byte-write cycle is self-timed and typically takes 1.2 ms.7.To verify the programmed data, lower RST from 12V tologic ’H’ level and set pins P3.3 to P3.7 to the appropriate levels. Output data can be read at the port P1 pins.8.To program a byte at the next address location, pulseXTAL1 pin once to advance the internal address counter.Apply new data to the port P1 pins.9.Repeat steps 5 through 8, changing data and advancingthe address counter for the entire 4K bytes array or until the end of the object file is reached.10.Power-off sequence:set XTAL1 to ’L’set RST to ’L’Turn V CC power offData Polling: The AT89C4051 features Data Polling to indicate the end of a write cycle. During a write cycle, an attempted read of the last byte written will result in the com-plement of the written data on P1.7. Once the write cycle has been completed, true data is valid on all outputs, and the next cycle may begin. Data Polling may begin any time after a write cycle has been initiated.Ready/Busy: The Progress of byte programming can also be monitored by the RDY/BSY output signal. Pin P3.1 is pulled low after P3.2 goes High during programming to indi-cate BUSY. P3.1 is pulled High again when programming is done to indicate READY.Program Verify: If lock bits LB1 and LB2 have not been programmed code data can be read back via the data lines for verification:1.Reset the internal address counter to 000H by bringingRST from ’L’ to ’H’.2.Apply the appropriate control signals for Read Code dataand read the output data at the port P1 pins.3.Pulse pin XTAL1 once to advance the internal addresscounter.4.Read the next code data byte at the port P1 pins.5.Repeat steps 3 and 4 until the entire array is read.The lock bits cannot be verified directly. Verification of the lock bits is achieved by observing that their features are enabled.Chip Erase: The entire PEROM array (4K bytes) and the two Lock Bits are erased electrically by using the proper combination of control signals and by holding P3.2 low for 10 ms. The code array is written with all “1”s in the Chip Erase operation and must be executed before any non-blank memory byte can be re-programmed.AT89C4051Reading the Signature Bytes: The signature bytes are read by the same procedure as a normal verification of locations 000H, 001H, and 002H, except that P3.5 and P3.7 must be pulled to a logic low. The values returned are as follows.(000H) = 1EH indicates manufactured by Atmel (001H) = 41H indicates 89C4051Programming InterfaceEvery code byte in the Flash array can be written and the entire array can be erased by using the appropriate combi-nation of control signals. The write operation cycle is self-timed and once initiated, will automatically time itself to completion.All major programming vendors offer worldwide support for the Atmel microcontroller series. Please contact your local programming vendor for the appropriate software revision.Flash Programming ModesNotes:1.The internal PEROM address counter is reset to 000H on the rising edge of RST and is advanced by a positive pulse atXT AL 1 pin.2.Chip Erase requires a 10-ms PROG pulse.3.P3.1 is pulled Low during programming to indicate RDY/BSY .ModeRST/VPP P3.2/PROGP3.3P3.4P3.5P3.7Write Code Data (1)(3)12VLHHHRead Code Data (1)H H L L H H Write LockBit - 112VHHHHBit - 212V H H L LChip Erase 12VH L L LRead Signature Byte H H L L L L(2)Figure 3. Programming the Flash MemoryFigure 4. Verifying the Flash MemoryFlash Programming and Verification CharacteristicsT A = 0°C to 70°C, V CC = 5.0 ± 10%Note:1. Only used in 12-volt programming mode.Symbol ParameterMin Max Units V PP Programming Enable Voltage 11.512.5V I PP Programming Enable Current 250µA t DVGL Data Setup to PROG Low 1.0µs t GHDX Data Hold After PROG 1.0µs t EHSH P3.4 (ENABLE) High to V PP 1.0µs t SHGL V PP Setup to PROG Low 10µs t GHSL V PP Hold After PROG 10µs t GLGH PROG Width1110µs t ELQV ENABLE Low to Data Valid 1.0µs t EHQZ Data Float After ENABLE 0 1.0µs t GHBL PROG High to BUSY Low 50ns t WC Byte Write Cycle Time2.0ms t BHIH RDY/BSY\ to Increment Clock Delay1.0µs t IHIL Increment Clock High200nsAT89C4051Flash Programming and Verification WaveformsAbsolute Maximum Ratings*Operating Temperature.................................-55°C to +125°C *NOTICE:Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent dam-age to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.Storage T emperature.....................................-65°C to +150°C Voltage on Any Pinwith Respect to Ground.....................................-1.0V to +7.0V Maximum Operating Voltage.............................................6.6V DC Output Current......................................................25.0 mADC CharacteristicsT A = -40°C to 85°C, V CC = 3.0V to 6.0V (unless otherwise noted)Notes:1.Under steady state (non-transient) conditions, I OL must be externally limited as follows:Maximum I OL per port pin: 20 mAMaximum total I OL for all output pins: 80 mAIf I OL exceeds the test condition, V OL may exceed the related specification. Pins are not guaranteed to sink current greater than the listed test conditions.2.Minimum V CC for Power Down is 2V .Symbol Parameter ConditionMin Max Units V IL Input Low Voltage -0.50.2 V CC - 0.1V V IH Input High Voltage (Except XT AL1, RST)0.2 V CC + 0.9V CC + 0.5V V IH1Input High Voltage (XT AL1, RST)0.7 V CCV CC + 0.5V V OL Output Low Voltage (1)(Ports 1, 3)I OL = 20 mA, V CC = 5V I OL = 10 mA, V CC = 2.7V 0.5V V OHOutput High Voltage (Ports 1, 3)I OH = -80 µA, V CC = 5V ± 10% 2.4V I OH = -30 µA 0.75 V CCV I OH = -12 µA0.9 V CCVI IL Logical 0 Input Current (Ports 1, 3)V IN = 0.45V-50µA I TL Logical 1 to 0 T ransition Current (Ports 1, 3)V IN = 2V , V CC = 5V ± 10%-750µA I LI Input Leakage Current (Port P1.0, P1.1)0 < V IN < V CC ±10µA V OS Comparator Input Offset Voltage V CC = 5V20mV V CM Comparator Input Common Mode Voltage0V CC V RRST Reset Pulldown Resistor 50300K ΩC IO Pin Capacitance T est Freq. = 1 MHz, T A = 25°C 10pF I CCPower Supply CurrentActive Mode, 12 MHz, V CC = 6V/3V 15/5.5mA Idle Mode, 12 MHz, V CC = 6V/3V P1.0 & P1.1 = 0V or V CC5/1mA Power Down Mode (2)V CC = 6V P1.0 & P1.1 = 0V or V CC 100µA V CC = 3V P1.0 & P1.1 = 0V or V CC20µAExternal Clock Drive WaveformsExternal Clock DriveSymbol Parameter V CC = 3.0V to 6.0V V CC = 4.0V to 6.0V UnitsMin Max Min Max1/t CLCL Oscillator Frequency012024MHz t CLCL Clock Period83.341.6ns t CHCX High Time3015ns t CLCX Low Time3015ns t CLCH Rise Time2020ns t CHCL Fall Time2020nsSerial Port Timing: Shift Register Mode Test Conditions(V CC = 5.0V ± 20%; Load Capacitance = 80 pF)Shift Register Mode Timing WaveformsSymbolParameter12 MHz Osc Variable Oscillator UnitsMinMaxMin Maxt XLXL Serial Port Clock Cycle Time1.012t CLCL µs t QVXH Output Data Setup to Clock Rising Edge 70010t CLCL -133ns t XHQX Output Data Hold After Clock Rising Edge 502t CLCL -117ns t XHDX Input Data Hold After Clock Rising Edge 0ns t XHDVClock Rising Edge to Input Data Valid70010t CLCL -133nsAC Testing Input/Output Waveforms (1)Note: 1.AC Inputs during testing are driven at V CC - 0.5V for a logic 1 and 0.45V for a logic 0. Timing measure-ments are made at V IH min. for a logic 1 and V IL max. for a logic 0.Float Waveforms (1)Note: 1.For timing purposes, a port pin is no longer float-ing when a 100 mV change from load voltage occurs. A port pin begins to float when 100 mV change frothe loaded V OH /V OLlevel occurs.Notes: 1.XT AL1 tied to GND for I CC (power down)2.P.1.0 and P1.1 = V CC or GND3.Lock bits programmedOrdering InformationSpeed (MHz)PowerSupply Ordering Code Package Operation Range12 3.0V to 6.0V A T89C4051-12PCA T89C4051-12SC 20P320SCommercial(0°C to 70°C)A T89C4051-12PI A T89C4051-12SI 20P320SIndustrial(-40°C to 85°C)A T89C4051-12P A A T89C4051-12SA 20P320SAutomotive(-40°C to 105°C)24 4.0V to 6.0V A T89C4051-24PCA T89C4051-24SC 20P320SCommercial(0°C to 70°C)A T89C4051-24PI A T89C4051-24SI20P320SIndustrial(-40°C to 85°C) Package Type20P320 Lead, 0.300” Wide, Plastic Dual In-line Package (PDIP)20S20 Lead, 0.300” Wide, Plastic Gull Wing Small Outline (SOIC)AT89C4051 Packaging Information。

PHILIPS32位单片机选型指南

LPC210664K128K Y Y4Y Y Y2Y Y32 1.8V 3.3V60LQFP48 LPC210532K128K Y Y4Y Y Y2Y Y32 1.8V 3.3V60LQFP48 LPC210416K128K Y Y4Y Y Y2Y Y32 1.8V 3.3V60LQFP48
特性
向量中断控制器
PHILIPS 32位单片机选型指南
管脚图
LPC2100系列是PHILIPS推出的以ARM7TDMI-S 处理器为内核的32位单片机典型应用于电子收款机
机顶盒STB保安系统串行协议转换器自动售货机医疗系统等
Flash编程时间1ms可编程512字节扇区擦除和整片擦除只需400ms
最多可达64K静态RAM
外设功能可单独使能/禁止实现功耗最优化
两个低功耗模式空闲和掉电
通过外部中断将处理器从掉电模式中唤醒
仿真跟踪模块支持实时跟踪
标准ARM测试/调试接口兼容现有工具
双UART其中一个带有完全的调制解调器接口
高速I2C串行接口(400kb/s)
功能图。

选型手册V20130217

立足本土，作国内最杰出最用心的MCU设计公司GPIO 通用型MCU芯片型号可编程只读存储器随机存储器EEPROM工作电压（伏）内部振荡器（赫兹）外部振荡器（赫兹）系统时钟I/O端口+Input脉宽调制中断源定时器工作电流待机电流看门狗定时器低电压复位工作温度封装型式其他Part Number ROM RAM EEPROMVoltage（V）InternalOscillator(HZ)ExternalOscillator(HZ)Fsys I/O +IN PWMInterruptSourceTimerOperatingCurrentIdleCurrentWDT LVROperatingTemp.PKG Type OtherMC20P011Kx8Bit64×8Bit/ 2.0~5.52M/4M/8M±2%400K~8M2T11/5+11CH8Bit62/8Bit3mA/4M<1uA yes2.1V3.6V-40~85℃DIP/SOP14/8与义隆153S和松翰8P2501B脚位兼容。

具有硬件Buzzer输出端口MC20E011Kx8Bit64×8Bit 256x8Bit2.0~5.52M/4M/8M±2%400K~8M2T11/5+11CH8Bit62/8Bit3mA/4M<1uA yes2.1V3.6V-40~85℃DIP/SOP16/8用MCP技术把一颗EEPROM（24C02）封装进去，E2ROM是串行通讯，占去2个IO口MC20P02B2Kx8Bit64×8Bit/ 2.0~5.52M/4M/8M±2%400K~8M2T17/15/13/11/5+1/51/8Bit3mA/4M<1uA yes2.1V3.6V-40~85℃DIP/SOP20/18/16/14/818pin与中颖69P20C，松翰8P2612，义隆78P156脚位兼容20pin与松翰8P2613脚位兼容MC20E02B2Kx8Bit64×8Bit 256x8Bit2.0~5.52M/4M/8M±2%400K~8M2T11/9+1/51/8Bit3mA/4M<1uA yes2.1V3.6V-40~85℃DIP/SOP 16用MCP技术把一颗EEPROM（24C02）封装进去，E2ROM是串行通讯，占去2个IO口MC20P044K×8Bit128×8Bit/ 2.0~5.52M/4M/8M±2%400K~8M2T17/15/13+1/51/8Bit3mA/4M<1uA yes2.1V3.6V-40~85℃DIP/SOP20/18/1618pin与中颖69P20C，松翰8P2612，义隆78P156脚位兼容20pin与松翰8P2613脚位兼容具有2路比较器（可软件修调偏置）MC20P8011Kx8Bit64×8Bit/ 2.0~5.51M/2M/4M/8M±2%/2T5/3+11CH8Bit42/8Bit3mA/4M<1uA yes2.1V3.6V-40~85℃DIP/SOP8SOT23-6TSSOP8VPP可作输入/开漏输出SOT23-6封装可直接烧写MC30P011Kx14Bit48×8Bit/ 2.0~5.51M/2M/4M/8M/455K±1.5%32K500~20M2T4T11/5/3+11CH8Bit42/8Bit1mA/4M<1uA yes1.5V3.6V7级可选-40~85℃DIP/SOP14/8管脚和程序全面兼容AM8EB153XFM8PS53，EM78P153,仅管脚和兼容SN8P2501B☆MC30P022Kx16Bit64×8Bit/ 2.0~5.51M/2M/4M/8M/455K±1.5%32K500~20M2T4T17/15/13+1243/8Bit1mA/4M<1uA yes1.5V3.6V7级可选40~85℃DIP/SOP20/18/1618pin与中颖69P20C，松翰8P2612，义隆78P156脚位兼容20pin与松翰8P2613脚位兼容具有2路比较器（可软件修调偏置）*拥有更佳的RAM掉电保持功能：只要芯片的VDD和GND之间电压维持在0.7V以上时，RAM数据就可以一直保持，正常情况下断电后依靠外挂电容即可以保持RAM数据24小时以上。

单片机选型手册

159.00
带 16KB FLASH 和 24bit ADC 的 8051 cpu
169.00
带 32KB FLASH 和 24bit ADC 的 8051 cpu
189.00
带 32KB 存储器 24bit ADC 和四 16bit DAC 的 8051 CPU
340.25
带 32KB 存储器 24bit ADC 和四 16bit DAC 的 8051 CPU
USART USART USART USART USART
USART USART USART USART USART USART USART USART USART USART USART USART USART USART USART
定时器
16bit*3 16bit*3 16bit*3 16bit 3 16bit 3 16bit 1 16bit 1 16bit*1 16bit*1 16bit 1 16bit 1 16bit*1 16bit 2 16bit 2 16bit 2 16bit*2 16bit*2 16bit 1 16bit 1 16bit*1 16bit 2 16bit*2 16bit 2 16bit 2 16bit 2 16bit 2 16bit 2 16bit*2 16bit*2 16bit*3 16bit*3 16bit*3 16bit*3 16bit*3 16bit*3
TI 公司 MSC121 混合信号产品
型号
工作电压速度/频率 Flash RAM/EEPROM Timer
(V)
(MHz) (BYTE) (BYTE) /WDT
A/D I/O 串行通讯
MSC1210Y2PAGT 2.7-5
33
4K

英飞凌单片机选型

英飞凌单片机选型英飞凌半导体微控制器（MCU）具有8位、16位、32位全系列产品。

实现高性能的电机驱动控制，在严酷环境下（高温、EMI、振动）具有极高的可靠性。

一．8位单片机（XC800系列）图1-1 XC800系列单片机命名规则上图的外设类型中，C指CAN总线通信模块，L指LIN总线通信，M指片上集成的快速乘除法模块，主要是为了方便乘除法运算，提高单片机运算速度和控制质量。

1.1 XC864系列XC864系列片内Flash，可以防止用户代码被读出，保护知识产权，同时具有编程和擦除保护防止数据丢失，还支持在应用编程（IAP）和在系统编程（ISP）。

另外，还有一个产生PWM信号用于电机控制的输入捕捉/比较单元（CCU6），一个10位A/D转换单元，一个片上调试支持单元（OCDS），大多数器件还有由扩展UART支持的低成本串行本地通信网络（LIN）和LIN的低层次驱动。

片内集成10M晶振和锁相环（PLL）。

1.2 XC866系列XC866系列的基本特性与XC864相似，改进的地方有外部端口数目增加，ADC的转换通道由4增为8，片上Flash存储单元分为程序存储单元（P-Flash）和数据存储单元（D-Flash），其大小也有多种可选。

可用片内10M晶振或外接4-12M晶振。

表1-2 XC866系列器件参数表1.3 XC886系列XC886的功能与XC864相似，改进的地方有，增加外部端口的数目，增加CAN通信功能，增加乘除法单元（MDU）以增强实时运算和控制能力，增加协调旋转数字计算器/矢量计算（CORDIC）用来协调计算三角、线性和混合的高速运算，增加16位定时/计数器Timer21，另外增加一个UART通信接口。

此外在存储器方面，Boot ROM由8K增加的12K，XRAM 由512B增加到1.5K，Flash也有24K和32K两种可选。

片内9.6M晶振或外接4-12M晶振。

表1-3 XC886系列器件参数表1.4 XC888系列XC888的功能和XC886相同，只是外部I/O端口的数目由34增加到48，相应地外部引脚的数目由48增加到64。

英飞凌单片机选型

程序 [PS RAM] 数据 Mem [DS RAM]
双端口[DPRAM]
Trace Mem for MCDS SB RAM CAN Standby 通道数
2
2
4
2
2
2
2
2
8 最多6
8 最多6
8 最多6
1 最多5
8 最多6 最多2 -
ADC
通道数
24
最多10 0 1 4 最多2 QFP 100 / 144
PMI 48 kB SPRAM 16 kB ICACHE
FPU TriCore (TC-1M) CPS PBCU
Program Local Memory Bus PLMB Data Local Memory Bus DLMB
24kB
Vector Computer
16kB NEW 8kB NEW
XC836
Vector Computer
XC866
PWM unit
XC866
PWM unit
4kB
2kB
XC822
MDU
XC836
Vector Computer
XC866
PWM unit
XC822
MDU
TSSOP16 TSSOP28 TSSOP38 VQFN48
•与8051内核兼容 •于1978年推出的全球第一款用于动力总成系统的单片机 •高性能的8位单片机，其每条指令周期为两个机器周期
•在动力总成系统中广泛使用的内 •曾占有50% 的欧洲汽车市场及 30% 的全球市场份额 •每年2500万片的产量
04.05.2012
XC800 家族成员
NEW 64kB
24 / 30/40

单片机选型

第一章单片机选择的原则【单片机选择的原则】单片机选型的原则1．适用性原则2．可购买性原则3．可开发性原则4.符合产品原则：可靠性（研发阶段）、操作实用性（客户阶段）、易维护性（产品整个周期）基本要求，从而保证应用系统有最高的可靠性、最优的性价比、最长的使用寿命和最好的升级换代性。

★性能根据设计任务的复杂程度来决定选择什么样的单片机★借鉴成熟产品或设计实例及其咨询确定选型方向 ★存储器研发阶段，推荐使用Flash 单片机，它有电写入、电擦除的优点，使得修改程序很方便，可以提高开发速度对于初具规模的产品可选用OTP 单片机，可省去掩膜时间，加快产品的上市时间选用时程序存储器的容量只要够用就行了，不然会增加成本如果要保存数据的话，选用EEPROM ，或者支持IAP 的单片机★运行速度单片机的运行速度首先看时钟频率，指令集，几个时钟为一个机器周期在选用单片机时要根据需要选择速度，不要片面追求高速度，单片机的稳定性、抗干扰性等参数基本上是跟速度成反比的，另外速度快功耗也大。

★I ／O 口I ／O 口的数量和功能是选用单片机时首先要考虑的问题之一，根据实际需要确定数量，I／O 多余不仅芯片的体积增大，也增加了成本。

驱动能力，驱动电流大的单片机可以简化外围电路★定时／计数器多数单片机提供2~3个定时／计数器，有些定时／计数器还具有输入捕获、输出比较和PWM(脉冲宽度调制)功能，利用这些模块不仅可以简化软件设计，而且能少占用 CPU 的资源。

现在还有不少单片机提供了看门狗定时器 (WDT) ，当单片机“死机”后可以自动复位。

选用时可根据自己的需要和编程要求进行选择，不要片面追求功能多，用不上的功能就等于金钱的浪费。

★串行接口单片机常见的串行接口有：标准UART 接口、TWI 通讯接口、增强型UART 接口、I2C 总线接口、CAN 总线接口、SPI 接口、USB 接口等。

大部分单片机都提供了UART 接口，也有部分单片机没有串行接口。

飞利浦P89C51系列单片机简介

飞利浦P89C51系列单片机简介文/邢矫健舞P89C51系列单片机是飞利浦公司在兼容MCS-51内核结构的基础上对譬标准的MCS-51内核进行改进后推出誓的一个增强型MCS一51单片机系列.i在芯片型号命名上,P代表是Phifips的产品,89代表芯片内带有非易失性Flash程序存储器(早期还有与Intel_命名上一致的内置ROM/OTP的80系列和内置EPROM的87系列),C代表萋CMOS工艺制造.51/52/54/58代表_芯片内Flash程序存储器的容量分别为4K/8K/16K/32K,还用后缀名区.分为X2,Rx2等不同系列(Rx2系列用A/B/C/D代表Flash程序存储器的容量,见下文).《P89C51系列是从引脚到内核都完.全兼容标准8051的单片机,有40脚DIP,44脚PLCC,44脚LQFP三种.封装形式(见图1).下面,先以P89C51u系列单片机的子系列P89C51Rx2为例介绍其内核的增强功能,再介绍其他类似型号的特点.关于P89C51Rx2的详细开发资料,可上网下载:http:///acrobat/datasheets/一P89C51RB2jC2jD2_9.pdf蕞P89C51Rx2系列单片机主要分_P89C51RA2/RB2/RC2/RD2四种型.号,内核完全相同,差别主要在于片.内Flash闪存分别为8K/16K/32K/--64K,其管脚排列与标准的8051完全_酾嘲鳓adC—ShOW【3一i].=temp1O+0x30;//处理电压值,用于在LCD上显示temp:temp/10;兼容.但芯片内核较之8051有不少大的改进,下面就改进方面逐一介绍.一6时钟,机器周期模式标准的8051每个机器周期为12时钟,增强型的P89C51Rx2系列单片机可以设置工作模式为6时钟/机器周期(双倍速)或12时钟/机器周期.6时钟模式时工作频率为0到20MHz,12 时钟模式时工作频率为0到33MHz. 6时钟/机器周期(双倍速)工作模式下,定时器的计数速度会加倍,相应的12时钟/机器周期模式下的串口波特率也会加倍,因此单片机使用的最高的波特率也可提高～倍.=.片内硬件■门狗P89C51Rx2芯片内置了一个14位的硬件看门狗定时器.从而可以省去外接专用看门狗硬件,当然在不启动内置看门狗的情况下P89C51Rx2完.||l毽甄g警骜l|孽l囊沓薯簪毒毽蘩弩j冁l蚤§甓《《ggil一|l;| 全可以和普通8051单片机一样使用.三.内部扩展删P89C51Rx2系列单片机中的RA2/RB2/RC2在原来8052标准内置256字节RAM的基础上,又扩展了256字节ERAM,共有512字节内置RAM.P89C51RD2则扩展了768字节ERAM,共有1024字节内置RAM.四降低簟片机对外部电磁辐射通过设置6时钟/机器周期(双倍速),可以将外接晶振频率降低一半,能有效降低对外部电磁辐射(EMI).更重要的是,P89C51Rx2系列单片机可以关闭ALE输出,最有效地降低EMI.通过将ALEoff位(AUXR.0)置1,可以使ALE引脚仅在读取外接存储器时才有变化电平输出,从而降低对外部电磁辐射.另外,F'89C51Rx2系列单片机还通过限制引脚信号陕速切换时产生的过冲(对10ns1~.1的上升,下降的摆率采取限制措施),来降低对外部的电磁辐射. 五双l咿m数据指针标准的8051只有一个16位的DPTR数据指针.这样,在进行数据块复制等动作时,必须对源地址指针和目标地址指针进行暂存,编程会非常麻烦.P89C:;1R系列单片机内有两个DPTR数据指针DPTR0/DPTR1,可以通过设…S位(AUXR1.0)方便地选择,DPS置0则选中DPTR0,置1则选中DPTR1.通过执行INC AUXR1指令,能对DPS快速切换,并不影响AUXR1寄存器的高位. AUXR:爵存器(8EH)和AUXR1寄存器(A2H)是在8051标准内核基)adc_Show[0]=adc_Show[1]adc_show[1]=.;adc_show[4]=V'adc_show[5]=0)完整的程序见本期配刊光盘.电路的实际运行结果如图2所示,旋转黑色电位器,可以看到AD转换的电压值. 篇后练习将电位:器连接在ADC的通道IADC1上,编写程序在LCD上显示AD转换值.圆巳口口B.11总第53口期?www.r日 "馥尊础上新增的特殊寄存器,已被多家51芯片厂商用于增强型51单片机产品中,已成为事实上增强型51单片机一个新的标志性标准.六1卵与删P编程方式可在线烧录ISP(InSystemProgramming)和可在应用烧录IAP (InApplicationProgramming)功能改变了单片机的固化程序升级需拔插单片机芯片,使用专用编程器进行烧录的麻烦方式,轻松实现在单片机系统电路板上对单片机芯片内固化的程序进行升级.为了能够实现ISP和IAP功能,P89C51Rx2单片机芯片上内置了BootROM固件,固件中包含着用于擦除,烧录Flash闪存的多种子程序.另外,P89C51Rx2片内Flash闪存以4KB为一块,被分为大小一样的2/4/8/16块.当其中的一块或几块已经烧录着正在运行的程序时,可以对另外的闪存块进行擦除和烧录,完成后再将程序的入El地址设定为新烧录闪存块的首地址.从而实现了不需拔插芯片而对单片机芯片固化程序进行升级. 采用ISP方式烧录程序时,只需用三根串口连线如图2所示方式连接到计算机RS232接121,并在计算机上运行飞利浦系列单片机专用的ISP软件FlashMagic,即可实现对单片机芯片内Flash闪存的擦除,烧录,加密等动作.FlashMagic软件可到网上下载,下载网址为ft9:///pub/esa/flashmagic/F1ashMagic.exe除了可以用ISP方式烧录程序,P89C51Rx2还可以通过调用在芯片内提供的BootROM固件里用于擦除, 烧录Flash闪存的子程序,对当前运行程序块以外的Flash闪存块进行编程. 这一编程方式被称为IAP功能.七,ONCE模式ONCE(在线仿真)模式可以实现对系统的测试和调试而不需要将器件从电路中移去.当器件处于ONCE模式时,PO口处于悬浮状态,其他I/O口,ALE和PSEN为弱上拉,?振荡电路保持工作状态.器件处于该模式时,可用仿真器测试CPU驱动电路,执行正常复位时恢复正常操作.八,可编程计数器^可编程计数器PCA由5个基本一样的可编程计数器模块组成,5个模块共用一套计数/定时器系统,但各有各的比较/捕捉器.每个模块都可单独经编程实现捕捉模式,软定时器模式,高速输出模式,PWM(脉宽调制)模式.第5个模块(即模块4)还多一种看家狗模式.计数/定时器的信号源可选择单倍机器周期频率,3倍机器周期频率,定时器0的溢出频率,ECI引脚(P1.2)输入脉冲中的一种.在使用上,比起仅有计数/定时器0,1,2的标准8052多了更大的灵活性.九全双工增强型咖岍除了标准操作模式外,P89C51Rx2内置的UART(全双工串行口)还可实现自动地址识别和通过查询丢失的停止位进行帧错误检测.当使用帧错误检测时,丢失的位将会置位SCON中的FE位,FE与SM0共用SCON.7,通过PCON.6(SMOD0位) 选择.如果SMOD0置位,SCON.7作为FE,如果SMOD0为0,SCON.7作为SM0.P89C51Rx2内置的UART还对多机通信方式作了增强,可以自动进行地址识别.它使UART可以通过硬件比较从串行数据流中识别出特定的地址,这样就不必花费大量软件资源秘臻叠去检查每一个从串口输入的串行地址.在9位UART模式模式2和模式3 下,如果接收的地址字节中包含给定地址或广播地址(广播地址是指一机发送,多机同时接收数据的模式),接收机就会自动接收串行总线上的数据. 通过一定的地址编号方式,可以实现一机对任意另一,二,三直至更多机同时发送数据.十,其他类似的型号Philips内置Flash闪存的增强型P89C51系列有多个子系列,X2系列包括P89C51X2/52X2/54X2/58X2 (片p~Flash闪存分别为4K/8K/16K/ 32K,51X2片内RAM为128字节,其他均为256字节,无扩展ERAM),片内~gP89C51Rx2系列少了ISP和IAP 编程方式,PeA,看门狗电路,其他方面(包括可倍频)则完全一样.P89C61X2/62X2(片内Flash闪存均为64K,RAM均为256字节,扩展ERAM分别为256/768字节),片内比P89C51Rx2系列少了PeA,看门狗电路,其他方面(包括可ISP和IAP编程方式和倍频)则完全一样.P89C660/662/664/668(片内Flash闪存分别为16K/32K/64K/64K,RAM均为256字节,扩展ERAM 分别为256/768/1768/7936字节),在拥有P89C51Rx2系列所有功能的基础上,还增加了I2C串行通信模块.此外,PhiliI~还有14～28引脚的LPC900系列也使用了51内核,在外部引脚上作了精简,限于篇幅,本文不作详细介绍.十一性价比目前,P89C51X2/52X2/54X2/58X2报价分别为7.2/8.2/9.8/15.2元,P89C51RA2/RD2报价分别为7.8/30元,P89C60X2/61X2报价分别为19.2/19.8元,P89C662/664/668报价分别为51/53/51元.可以根据应用需要选择性价比最高的型号.⑩掌誊凳g2006.11总第53口期?www.radio.oom.on37 黟;;.。

PIC单片机选型手册.

Product Status Volume PricingArchitec Program MProgram MemSelf-writeMTR6618In Production Call for pricing812864Yes MTR6618-I/PTIn Production Call for pricing812864YesPIC10F200In Production $0.3080.3750.25No PIC10F202In Production$0.3380.750.5No PIC10F204In Production $0.3380.3750.25No PIC10F206In Production $0.3680.750.5No PIC10F220In Production $0.3480.3750.25No PIC10F222In Production $0.3680.750.5No PIC10F320In Production $0.3680.4480.256Yes PIC10F322In Production $0.3980.8960.512Yes PIC12F1501In Production $0.4981.751YesPIC12F1612Future Product Call for pricing83.52YesPIC12F1822In Production $0.7383.52Yes PIC12F1840In Production $0.78874Yes PIC12F508In Production $0.4180.750.5No PIC12F509In Production $0.4581.51NoPIC12F510In Production $0.4981.51No PIC12F519In Production $0.4981.51NoPIC12F529T39AIn Production $0.9582.31.5No PIC12F609In Production $0.5281.751No PIC12F615In Production $0.5581.751No PIC12F617In Production $0.5983.52YesPIC12F629In Production $0.7081.751No PIC12F635In Production $0.8481.751NoPIC12F675In Production $0.7781.751No PIC12F683In Production $0.9183.52NoPIC12F752In Production $0.5981.751Yes PIC12LF1552In Production $0.4983.52Yes PIC12LF1840T48AI n Production $1.12874Yes PIC16F1454In Production$0.918148Yes PIC16F1455In Production $1.048148Yes PIC16F1459In Production $1.188148Yes PIC16F1503In Production $0.5583.52Yes PIC16F1507In Production $0.6983.52Yes PIC16F1508In Production $0.77874Yes PIC16F1509In Production $0.818148Yes PIC16F1512In Production $0.8183.52Yes PIC16F1513In Production $0.88874Yes PIC16F1516In Production $0.958148Yes PIC16F1517In Production $1.328148Yes PIC16F1518In Production $1.0182816Yes PIC16F1519In Production $1.3782816Yes PIC16F1526In Production $1.478148Yes PIC16F1527In Production $1.5482816YesPIC16F1613Future Product Call for pricing83.52YesPIC16F1782In Production $1.2383.52Yes PIC16F1783In Production $1.30874Yes PIC16F1784In Production $1.54874Yes PIC16F1786In Production $1.378148YesPIC16F1787In Production $1.618148Yes PIC16F1788In Production $1.4482816Yes PIC16F1789In Production $1.6882816YesPIC16F1827In Production $1.04874Yes PIC16F1828In Production $0.99874Yes PIC16F1829In Production $1.068148Yes PIC16F1829LINSamples Available$1.278148Yes PIC16F1847In Production $1.098148Yes PIC16F1933In Productio n $1.23874Yes PIC16F1934In Production $1.46874Yes PIC16F1936In Production $1.078148Yes PIC16F1937In Production $1.538148Yes PIC16F1938In Production $1.3782816Yes PIC16F1939In Production $1.6182816Yes PIC16F1946In Production $1.758148Yes PIC16F1947In Production $1.8282816Yes PIC16F505In Production $0.4881.51No PIC16F506In Production $0.5281.51No PIC16F526In Production $0.5581.51No PIC16F527In Production $0.4981.51Yes PIC16F54In Production$0.3980.750.5No PIC16F57In Production $0.52832No PIC16F570In Production Call for pricing832Yes PIC16F59In Production $0.85832No PIC16F610In Production$0.5981.751No PIC16F616In Production $0.6983.52No PIC16F627AIn Production $1.3081.751No PIC16F628AIn Production $1.4783.52No PIC16F630In Production $0.9181.751No PIC16F631In Production $0.9181.751No PIC16F636In Production $0.9283.52No PIC16F639In Production $2.2783.52No PIC16F648AIn Production $1.67874No PIC16F676In Production $0.9881.751No PIC16F677In Production$0.9983.52No PIC16F684In Production $0.9883.52No PIC16F685In Production $1.13874No PIC16F687In Production $1.0783.52No PIC16F688In Production$1.04874No PIC16F689In Production $1.13874No PIC16F690In Production$1.20874No PIC16F707Samples Available $1.688148No PIC16F716In Production $0.7783.52No PIC16F72In Production $1.9183.52No PIC16F720In Production$0.7183.52Yes PIC16F721In Production $0.74874Yes PIC16F722In Production Consi$0.9583.52No PIC16F722AIn Production $0.7883.52No PIC16F723In Production Consi$1.09874No PIC16F723AIn Production $0.858714No PIC16F724In Production $1.38874No PIC16F726In Production $1.238148No PIC16F727In Production$1.538148NoPIC16F753Future Product Call for pricing83.52Yes PIC16F76In Production $3.738148No PIC16F767In Production$3.648148No PIC16F77In Production $4.128148No PIC16F777In Production$4.008148No PIC16F785In Production $1.1283.52No PIC16F818In Production$1.5681.751Yes PIC16F819In Production $1.7883.52Yes PIC16F84AIn Production $3.1181.751No PIC16F87In Production $2.06874Yes PIC16F88In Production $2.20874Yes PIC16F882In Production $1.1683.52Yes PIC16F883In Production $1.37874YesPIC16F884In Production $1.63874Yes PIC16F886In Production $1.498148YesPIC16F887In Production $1.788148Yes PIC16F913In Production $1.72874NoPIC16F914In Production $2.03874No PIC16F916In Production $1.938148NoPIC16F917In Production $2.178148No PIC16F946In Production $2.318148NoPIC16LF1902In Production $0.7883.52Yes PIC16LF1903In Production $0.85874Yes PIC16LF1904In Production $1.18874Yes PIC16LF1906In Production $0.918148Yes PIC16LF1907In Production $1.238148Yes PIC18F1220In Production $1.96842Yes PIC18F1230In Production $2.03842Yes PIC18F1320In Production $2.17884YesPIC18F1330In Production $2.24884Yes PIC18F13K22In Production $1.16884YesPIC18F13K50In Production $1.32884Yes PIC18F14K22In Production $1.268168Yes PIC18F14K50In Production $1.538168Yes PIC18F2220In Production $4.05842Yes PIC18F2221In Production $1.93842Yes PIC18F2320In Production $4.38884YesPIC18F2321In Production $2.06884Yes PIC18F2331In Production $3.08884YesPIC18F23K20In Production $1.23884Yes PIC18F23K22In Production $1.34884YesPIC18F2410In Production $2.528168No PIC18F2420In Production $2.738168YesPIC18F2423In Production $3.028168Yes PIC18F2431In Production $3.228168YesPIC18F2450In Production $2.238168Yes PIC18F2455In Production $3.3082412Yes PIC18F2458In Production $3.5882412Yes PIC18F2480In Production $3.728168Yes PIC18F24J10In Production $1.208168YesPIC18F24K50In Production $1.658168Yes PIC18F2510In Production$2.9783216No PIC18F2515In Production $3.4084824No PIC18F2520In Production $3.1883216Yes PIC18F2523In Production $3.4683216Yes PIC18F2525In Production $3.6184824Yes PIC18F2550In Production $3.4483216Yes PIC18F2553In Production $4.1283216Yes PIC18F2580In Production $4.1783216Yes PIC18F2585In Production $4.7784824Yes PIC18F25J10In Production $1.2783216Yes PIC18F25J11In Production $1.7983216Yes PIC18F25J50In Production $2.0083216Yes PIC18F25K20In Production $1.3783216Yes PIC18F25K22In Production $1.6283216Yes PIC18F25K50In Production $1.7683216Yes PIC18F25K80In Production $1.9083216Yes PIC18F2610In Production $3.8586432No PIC18F2620In Production $4.0686432Yes PIC18F2680In Production $5.0586432Yes PIC18F2682In Production $5.5088040Yes PIC18F2685In Production $5.8789648Yes PIC18F26J11In Production $2.0786432Yes PIC18F26J13In Production $2.2186432Yes PIC18F26J50In Production $2.2886432Yes PIC18F26J53In Production $2.4286432Yes PIC18F26K20In Production $1.6586432Yes PIC18F26K22In Production $1.9086432Yes PIC18F26K80In Production $2.1886432Yes PIC18F27J13In Production $2.45812864Yes PIC18F27J53In Production $2.66812864Yes PIC18F4220In Production $4.46842Yes PIC18F4221In Production $2.17842Yes PIC18F4320In Production$4.81884Yes PIC18F4321In Production $2.30884Yes PIC18F4331In Production$3.46884Yes PIC18F43K20In Production $1.46884Yes PIC18F43K22In Production $1.67884Yes PIC18F4410In Production $2.738168No PIC18F4420In Production$2.948168Yes PIC18F4423In Production $3.238168Yes PIC18F4431In Production $3.618168Yes PIC18F4450In Production $2.398168Yes PIC18F4455In Production $3.5182412Yes PIC18F4458In Production $3.7982412Yes PIC18F4480In Production$3.938168Yes PIC18F44J10In Production $1.448168Yes PIC18F44J11In Production $1.958168Yes PIC18F44J50In Production $2.168168Yes PIC18F44K20In Production $1.538168YesPIC18F4523In Production $3.6783216Yes PIC18F4525In Production$3.8284824Yes PIC18F4550In Production $3.6583216Yes PIC18F4553In Production $4.3383216Yes PIC18F4580In Production $4.3883216Yes PIC18F4585In Production $4.9884824Yes PIC18F45J10In Production $1.5183216Yes PIC18F45J11In Production $2.0983216Yes PIC18F45J50In Production $2.3083216Yes PIC18F45K20In Production $1.6083216Yes PIC18F45K22In Production $1.8883216Yes PIC18F45K50In Production $1.9983216No PIC18F45K80In Production $2.1783216Yes PIC18F4610In Production $4.0686432No PIC18F4620In Production $4.2786432Yes PIC18F4680In Production $5.2686432Yes PIC18F4682In Production $5.7188040Yes PIC18F4685In Production $6.0889648Yes PIC18F46J11In Production $2.3786432Yes PIC18F46J13In Production $2.5286432Yes PIC18F46J50In Production $2.5886432Yes PIC18F46J53In Production $2.7386432Yes PIC18F46K20In Production $1.8186432Yes PIC18F46K22In Production $2.1686432Yes PIC18F46K80In Production $2.4586432Yes PIC18F47J13In Production $2.76812864Yes PIC18F47J53In Production $2.97812864Yes PIC18F6310In Production $2.52884No PIC18F6390In Production $2.66884No PIC18F6393In Production$2.94884No PIC18F63J11In Production $1.85884Yes PIC18F63J90In Production $2.00884Yes PIC18F6410In Production $2.878168No PIC18F6490In Production$3.018168No PIC18F6493Future Product $3.298168No PIC18F64J11In 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dsPIC33FJ64MC202In Production $3.29166421Yes dsPIC33FJ64MC204In Production $3.39166421YesdsPIC33FJ64MC506In Production $3.84166421Yes dsPIC33FJ64MC508In Production $4.14166421Yes dsPIC33FJ64MC510In Production $4.33166421YesdsPIC33FJ64MC706In Production $4.21166421Yes dsPIC33FJ64MC710In Production $4.91166421YesPIC24EP128GP206I n Production $2.941612842Yes PIC24EP128MC202I n Production $2.631612842Yes PIC24EP128MC204I n Production $2.801612842YesPIC24EP128MC206I n Production $2.941612842Yes PIC24EP256GP202I n Production $3.111625685Yes PIC24EP256GP204I n Production $3.281625685YesPIC24EP256GP206I n Production $3.421625685Yes PIC24EP256GU810I n Production $5.491625685Yes PIC24EP256GU814I n Production $6.101625685YesPIC24EP256MC202I n Production $3.111625685Yes PIC24EP256MC204I n Production $3.281625685Yes PIC24EP256MC206I n Production $3.421625685YesPIC24EP32GP202In Production $1.86163210Yes PIC24EP32GP203In Production $2.03163210Yes PIC24EP32GP204In Production $2.03163210Yes 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PIC24FJ64GA008In Production $2.44166421Yes PIC24FJ64GA010In Production $2.65166421Yes PIC24FJ64GA102In Production $2.27166421YesPIC24FJ64GA104In Production $2.51166421Yes PIC24FJ64GA106In Production $3.11166421Yes PIC24FJ64GA108In Production $3.37166421Yes PIC24FJ64GA110In Production $3.58166421Yes PIC24FJ64GA306In Production $2.56166421YesPIC24FJ64GA308In Production $2.77166421Yes PIC24FJ64GA310In Production $2.95166421Yes PIC24FJ64GB002In Production $2.48166421Yes PIC24FJ64GB004In Production $2.72166421Yes PIC24FJ64GB106In Production $3.29166421YesPIC24FJ64GB108In Production $3.56166421Yes PIC24FJ64GB110In Production $3.77166421Yes PIC24FJ64GC006In Production $3.63166421Yes PIC24FJ64GC010In Production $3.79166421Yes PIC24FJ96GA006In Production $2.31169632YesPIC24FJ96GA008In Production $2.56169632Yes PIC24FJ96GA010In Production $2.79169632Yes PIC24HJ128GP202I n Production $3.441612842YesPIC24HJ128GP204I n Production $3.581612842Yes PIC24HJ128GP206AIn Production $3.631612842Yes 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市场主流单片机的介绍和选择指南

市场主流单片机的介绍和选择指南Motorola单片机Motorola(现在为飞思卡尔)是世界上最大的单片机厂商。

品种全、选择余地大、新产品多是其特点，在8位机方面有68HC05和升级产品68HC08，68HC05有三十多个系列，二百多个品种，产量已超过20亿片。

8位增强型单片机68HC11也有三十多个品种，年产量在1亿片以上。

升级产品有68HC12。

16位机68HC16也有十多个品种。

32位单片机的683XX系列也有几十个品种。

近年来，以PowerPC、Coldfire、M.CORE 等为CPU。

将DSP做为辅助模块集成的单片机也纷纷推出。

目前仍是单片机的首选牌品。

Motorola单片机特点之一是在同样速度下所用的时钟频率较Intel类单片机低很多，因而使得高频噪声低，抗干扰能力强,更适合用于工控领域及恶劣的环境。

Motorola 8位单片机过去的策略是以掩膜为主的，最近推出OTP计划以适应单片机发展新趋势，在32位机上，M.CORE在性能和功耗方面都胜过ARM7。

Microchip单片机Microship单片机是市场份额增长最快的单片机。

它的主要产品是16C系列8位单片机，CPU采用RISC结构，仅33条指令，运行速度快，且以低价位著称，一般单片机价格都在一美元以下。

Microship单片机没有掩膜产品，全部是OTP 器件，Microship强调节约成本的最优化设计，适于用量大、档次低、价格敏感的产品。

Scenix单片机Scenix单片机I/O模块有新意，I/O模块的集成与组合技术是单片机技术不可缺少的重要方面。

除传统的I/O功能模块如并行I/O、URT、SPI、I2C、A/D、PWM、PLL、DTMF等，新的I/O模块不断出现，如USB、CAN、J1850，最具代表性的是Motorola 32位单片机，它集成了包括各种通讯协议在内的I/O模块，而Scenix单片机在I/O模块的处理上引入了虚拟I/O的新概念。

NXP系列单片机选型指南

LPC2300系列ARMLPC2400系列ARMLPC213x/214x系列ARM LPC2000系列ARM MiniARM嵌入式工业控制模块LPC900系列单片机80C51系列单片机LPC700系列单片机（含配套开发工具）统断电数据也不会丢失。

◆可编程的传输速率（高达1Mbit/s）；◆带验收滤波器。

32位ARM7处理器在中低档产品中的应用已是大势所趋，在众多厂家的ARM7处理器中独占鳌多个32位定时器、1个或2个10位8路ADC、多达9个边沿或电平触发的外部中断，LPC214X还具有USB设备端接口，使它们特别适用于工业LPC213x/214x出色的性能和周立功公司强大的技术后盾是您产品设计的信心保证，周支持ISP/IAP为现场固件的升级带来了极大的灵活性，降低研发风险，增强产品竞争力。

FLASH大小从32KB~512KB，存储器至少含有100,000个擦除/写周SD CARD PACK选配资料选配资料EasyJTAG-H仿真器标配资料选配资料32位ARM7处理器在中低档产品中的应用已是大势所趋，在众多厂家的ARM7处理器中NXP公司的LPC2000系列处理器品种多、规格LPC2000以出色的性能和周立功公司强大的技术后盾是您产品设计的信心保证，周立功[2].LPC2109/2119/2129/2194/2292/2294带有CAN控制器；[3].LPC2101/02/03的实时时钟支持独立电源和32k的时钟输入。

捕获比较计数器常用于记录脉冲个数，可用化系统中，常用于记录涡轮传感器的脉冲数，从而计算捕获通道。

当输入信号跳变时可取得定时器的瞬时值，EasyJTAG-H仿真器ARM-CAN接口板（选配）标配资料选配资料选配资料学习、实验与开发于一体的“三合一”初学者快速入门与提高版经典套件RS232接口MODEM接口以太网接口工业级、跨平台、高性价比嵌入式系统解决方案USB HOST/DeviceISP1161BM PACKUART0CPU PACKGPIOUART1以太网接口ULINKUSB-JTAG转换器LPC900家族改进后改进后NewNew。

单片机选型注意事项

单片机选型注意事项
在单片机应用系统开发中，单片机是整个设计的核心，设计者需要为单片机侵扰合适的外部器件，同时还需要设计整个控制软件，因此选择合适的单片机型号很重要。

目前，市场上的单片机种类繁多，在进行正式的单片机应用系统开发之前，需要根据不同单片机的特性，从中作出合于理的选择。

在单片机选型时，主要注意以下几点
1：仔细调查市场，尽量选用主流的，货源充足的单片机型号，这些器件使用的比较广泛，有许多设计资料供学习或参考。

2;尽量选择所需的硬件资源集成在单片机内部的型号，例如ADC，DAC，12C，SPI和USB等，这样便于整个控制系统的软件管理，减少外部硬件的投入，缩小整体电路板的面积，从而减少总体投资等。

3：对于手持式设备，移动设备或者其他需要低功耗的设备，尽量选择低电压，低功耗的单片机型号，这样可以减少能量的消耗，延长设备的使用寿命。

4：在资金等条件允许的情况下，尽量选择功能丰富，扩展能力强的单片机，这样便于以后的功能升级和扩展。

5：对于体积有限制的产品，尽量选择贴片封装的单片机型号，这样可以减。

PHILIPS 51LPC系列单片机解析方案

PHILIPS 51LPC 系列单片机解析方案1 概述PHILIPS 51LPC 系列单片机目前已包括P87LPC760/1/2/4/7/8/9 共七个型号。

51LPC 提供高速和低速的晶振和RC 振荡方式，可编程选择;具有较宽的操作电压范围2.7～6.0V，可编程I/O 口线输出模式选择，可选择施密特触发输入，LED 驱动输出;有内部看门狗定时器及提供掉电检测模拟功能，最大限度地减少了外部元件的使用。

这些特性和改进的C51 结构结合在一起，使得在设计高集成度、低成本和低功耗控制电路时具有更多的选择。

该系列主要用于对系统成本有严格要求，且系统具有高抗干扰性能的低功耗应用领域，已广泛用于电子阳性能表、IC 卡水表、电子称、消毒碗柜、LED 显示屏、煤气表等工业控制领域。

本文介绍在市电情况下使用LPC 系列微控制器P87LCP761 与三象限双向晶闸管(Triac)控制感性负载交流电机的方法。

使用一种全新的电流过零检测方法，不必在负载电流线路中加入旁路电阻，利用单相关波整提供控制电路的电源。

LPC 的高抗干扰性能使得只用极少外部零件即能完成此系统。

此解决方案可通过P87LPC761 系列单片机的片内RC 振荡器和比较来实现，或者其它带有片内PWM、ADC 和DAC 等功能的LPC 系列芯片。

该系统可用于对电机(AC/DC)阀门、泵灯等的控制，广泛用于照明、HVAC、电源工具、仪表及工业控制等领域。

表1 是P87LPC761 的引脚功能。

表1 P87LPC761 引脚功能2 原理2.1 负载电压的过零控制单输入检测方框图1 和2 为该应用的总体框图。

电路直接通过市电进行供电，相位控制。