基于单片机的便携式厚度测量仪的系统设计说明
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基于单片机的便携式厚度测量仪的系统设计
摘要
在石油化工领域中，油汽的运输与储存过程中，运输管道和储油罐会因为各种原因受到腐蚀的影响，管道壁和油罐壁的厚度会因此减小，当腐蚀程度严重时，会导致油汽的泄漏，甚至引起爆炸，造成人员伤亡，所以，需要定期对使用设备进行检测、记录和分析。而在所有检测的指标中，厚度值则是能够反映其腐蚀程度和安全性能的重要指标。
其次，针对本次课题所设计的便携式超声波测厚仪的硬件电路作了详细的说明。将电路部分分成了单片机控制电路、发射电路、接收电路、液晶显示电路和按键电路，分别说明了各电路模块的电路结构和工作原理，并对电路设计中所使用的芯片作了简单概述。
最后，根据硬件电路的设计结合功能要求，对软件程序进行了设计。程序设计采用C语言编译，分为初始化程序、发射超声波程序、接收Fra Baidu bibliotek声波程序、中断程序等。
Secondly, the subject of this portable ultrasonic thickness designed hardware circuitry described in detail. The circuit portion into the chip control circuit, a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a liquid crystal display circuit and the key circuit, respectively, illustrate the working principle of the circuit structure and circuit modules, and the chip used in the circuit design are briefly summarized.
The purpose of this research is to develop a microcontroller-based portable ultrasonic thickness gauge, which has a small, easy to carry advantage, you can achieve high-precision thickness measurement, the object of different materials for a variety of thickness measurement mode is selected, and the realization of the thickness measurement data, such as recording and preservation of function. In this thesis, a study from the following three aspects:
本次课题研究目的是开发一种基于单片机的便携式超声波测厚仪，其具有体积小、易携带的优点，可以实现高精度厚度测量，对于不同材料的被测物体有多种测厚模式选择，并且实现了对测厚数据的记录与保存等功能。本论文主要从以下三个方面展开研究：
首先,论文对现代工业领域常用的测厚技术做了介绍,然后详细介绍了本次测厚仪采用的超声波测厚原理,并对超声波以及超声波的应用作了简单的概述。着重分析了脉冲回波法测量厚度的原理及方法,同时介绍了超声波探头的分类和耦合剂的选择。
First, the paper commonly used in modern industry thickness measurement technique have been described, and details of the ultrasonic thickness gage uses this principle, and the application of ultrasound and ultrasound briefly summarized. Analyzes the principle and method of measuring the thickness of the pulse-echo method, also introduced to select ultrasonic probe classification and coupling agents.
关键词：测厚仪，超声波，单片机
The thickness of the portable measuring instrument system design
Abstract
In the petrochemical industry, transportation and storage of oil and gas in the process, pipelines and storage tanks will be affected by corrosion due to various reasons, the thickness of the pipe wall and the tank wall will therefore decrease when severe corrosion, will lead to leakage of oil and gas, and even cause an explosion, causing casualties, therefore, the need for regular use of the device for testing, recording and analysis. In all tests the indicators, it is possible to reflect the value of the thickness of the corrosion important indicator of performance and safety.
摘要
在石油化工领域中，油汽的运输与储存过程中，运输管道和储油罐会因为各种原因受到腐蚀的影响，管道壁和油罐壁的厚度会因此减小，当腐蚀程度严重时，会导致油汽的泄漏，甚至引起爆炸，造成人员伤亡，所以，需要定期对使用设备进行检测、记录和分析。而在所有检测的指标中，厚度值则是能够反映其腐蚀程度和安全性能的重要指标。
其次，针对本次课题所设计的便携式超声波测厚仪的硬件电路作了详细的说明。将电路部分分成了单片机控制电路、发射电路、接收电路、液晶显示电路和按键电路，分别说明了各电路模块的电路结构和工作原理，并对电路设计中所使用的芯片作了简单概述。
最后，根据硬件电路的设计结合功能要求，对软件程序进行了设计。程序设计采用C语言编译，分为初始化程序、发射超声波程序、接收Fra Baidu bibliotek声波程序、中断程序等。
Secondly, the subject of this portable ultrasonic thickness designed hardware circuitry described in detail. The circuit portion into the chip control circuit, a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a liquid crystal display circuit and the key circuit, respectively, illustrate the working principle of the circuit structure and circuit modules, and the chip used in the circuit design are briefly summarized.
The purpose of this research is to develop a microcontroller-based portable ultrasonic thickness gauge, which has a small, easy to carry advantage, you can achieve high-precision thickness measurement, the object of different materials for a variety of thickness measurement mode is selected, and the realization of the thickness measurement data, such as recording and preservation of function. In this thesis, a study from the following three aspects:
本次课题研究目的是开发一种基于单片机的便携式超声波测厚仪，其具有体积小、易携带的优点，可以实现高精度厚度测量，对于不同材料的被测物体有多种测厚模式选择，并且实现了对测厚数据的记录与保存等功能。本论文主要从以下三个方面展开研究：
首先,论文对现代工业领域常用的测厚技术做了介绍,然后详细介绍了本次测厚仪采用的超声波测厚原理,并对超声波以及超声波的应用作了简单的概述。着重分析了脉冲回波法测量厚度的原理及方法,同时介绍了超声波探头的分类和耦合剂的选择。
First, the paper commonly used in modern industry thickness measurement technique have been described, and details of the ultrasonic thickness gage uses this principle, and the application of ultrasound and ultrasound briefly summarized. Analyzes the principle and method of measuring the thickness of the pulse-echo method, also introduced to select ultrasonic probe classification and coupling agents.
关键词：测厚仪，超声波，单片机
The thickness of the portable measuring instrument system design
Abstract
In the petrochemical industry, transportation and storage of oil and gas in the process, pipelines and storage tanks will be affected by corrosion due to various reasons, the thickness of the pipe wall and the tank wall will therefore decrease when severe corrosion, will lead to leakage of oil and gas, and even cause an explosion, causing casualties, therefore, the need for regular use of the device for testing, recording and analysis. In all tests the indicators, it is possible to reflect the value of the thickness of the corrosion important indicator of performance and safety.