药学英语新选
大学药学基础英语教材推荐
大学药学基础英语教材推荐在大学药学学习中，英语作为一门基础课程起着至关重要的作用。
良好的英语基础能够帮助学生更好地理解和应用药学领域的知识。
因此，选择一本适合的药学基础英语教材对于药学专业的学生来说至关重要。
本文将为大家推荐几本优秀的大学药学基础英语教材。
1. "Pharmaceutical English" by John C. Smith"Pharmaceutical English"是由John C. Smith编写的一本权威的药学英语教材。
该教材以药学领域的专业术语和常用表达为主线，全面介绍了药学相关的知识和技能。
该教材内容丰富，结构清晰，语言简明易懂，非常适合初学者使用。
此外，教材还附带了丰富的习题和教学资源，以帮助学生巩固所学知识。
2. "English for Pharmacy Writing and Oral Communication" by James D. Westwood"English for Pharmacy Writing and Oral Communication"是由James D. Westwood编写的一本专注于药学写作和口语交流的英语教材。
该教材的特点是将药学领域的实际应用与英语学习相结合，通过实例和案例研究来强调写作和口语交流的技巧。
教材内容涵盖了药学报告、论文写作、演示技巧等方面，对于提高学生的科研写作和口语表达能力非常有帮助。
3. "English for Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science Students: A Critical Reader" by Peter S. Wayne"English for Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science Students: A Critical Reader"是由Peter S. Wayne编写的一本针对药学和制药科学学生的批判性读物。
最新药学英语翻译答案
最新药学英语翻译答案一、熟悉下列句子的翻译1. In addition to the revolution in new classes of drugs, an equally momentous revolution is taking place in drug delivery.除药物种类的革命外，药物给药系统也在进行一场同样令人震撼的革命。
2. The body can make about a trillion different antibodies, produced by shuffling and reshuffling their constituent parts.通过对构成成分的改组和再改组，机体可以产生约一万亿个不同的抗体。
3. Under current law, all new drugs need proof that they are effective, as well as safe, before they can be approved for marketing.现有法律要求，所有的新药都必须具有其有效、安全的证据才能被批准上市。
4．There is no agreement whether nursing mothers could use Alexan.哺乳期妇女是否能用爱力生尚无统一意见。
5. The prescription must be signed and dated by the practitioner and include his address.处方必须由医生亲笔签名，并注明日期和医生的地址。
6. Cells possess a nucleus which contains genetic information in the form of DNA.细胞含有一个细胞核，其中含有以脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）形式表达的基因信息。
7. A drug that is not covered by patent rights may be available in several proprietary formulations of the same generic preparation.没有专利权保护的药物可以用于同一个仿制剂型的多个专利配方中。
药学英语-试卷A 2011
第【1】页 共【4】页注意事项：● 适用学生：统招学生● 考试方式：开卷笔试 ● 考核时间：100分钟 ● 总 分：100分一、词汇汉译英（总分20分，每空1分）中草药： 药理学： 制药工程： 抗体： 副作用： 酶： 毒理学的： 组胺： 拮抗药： 色谱法： 定量的： 硝酸钠： 醋酸盐： 氯化钾： 化合价： 键、连接： 生物碱： 抗炎的（药）： 衍生物：毒理学评价：二、 词汇英译汉（总分20分，每空1分）accessory biochemist calcium degenerate digestion inflame thiamin addictive analgesic chloroform corrosive diethyl ether synthetic assimilate insensitive soluble vaporizevolatile immunityNovel Chemical Entity题号 一 二 三 四 卷面分 折合成绩合分人复查人得分得 分 评卷人得 分 评卷人三、句子翻译（总分40分，每题4分）得分评卷人1．维生素不产生能量，但却在能量转换及新陈代谢调节方面起着重要作用。
2．维生素是有机化合物，必须通过饮食或肌肉注射予以补充以维持身体健康。
3．胡萝卜不仅对肿瘤细胞有直接的毒杀作用，还可减缓肺癌细胞的生长，改变肿瘤赖以生存的蛋白质性质。
4．一种元素或化合物与其他东西相结合或起反应的方式就是该元素或化合物的化学性质。
5．植物所含有的化学物质有些可能中毒，有些可能是对我们极其有用的药物。
6．麻醉药如果通过口腔吸入给药则必须是挥发性的，而可以通过直肠或脊椎给药的麻醉剂则不一定非得是挥发性的。
7．今天，植物用作药物的数量虽然减少了，但许多片剂、胶囊、瓶装药之中的有效化学物质却是源于植物王国。
第【2】页共【4】页8．正统医学与草药施用着之间多年来存在着不信任、猜疑或敌意，这些正威胁着相互间建立良好工作关系的可能性。
药学英语药学英语1
❖ 药物的活性和疗效与疾病诸方面一一生理、生化、微生物免 疫和行为一一的联系理所当然地成为药物治疗的基础。
❖ Pharmacodynamics provides one of the best opportunities for this correlation during the study of both the preclinical and the clinical medical sciences.
❖ Pharmacotherapeutics deals with the use of drugs in the prevention and treatment of disease.
❖ Many drugs stimulate or depress biochemical or physiological function in man in a sufficiently reproducible manner to provide relief of symptoms or, ideally, to alter favorably the course of disease.
❖ Drug therapy is rationally based upon the correlation of the actions and effects of drugs with the physiological, biochemical, microbiological, immunological, and behavioral aspects of disease.
❖ 相反，化疗药物的治病功能是因为其对人体作用很小但 却能杀死或清除寄生生物。一种药物是否可以用于治疗 ，关键取决于其能否产生预期的治疗效果，同时其副作 用在可容忍的范围内。
药学英语(上册)-Text-A-Translation
Unit 11. A full appreciation of the physiology of a living organism must be based on asound knowledge of its anatomy. Anatomy does not merely study the separation of parts, but the accurate description of the morphologie s and functions of different organs.对生物生理学的全面了解必须基于解剖学的系统知识。
解剖学不仅仅是研究人体各部分的分离，还要准确的描述各个器官的形态和生理功能。
2.Our daily food intake must match requirements and any excess must be excretedfor balance to be maintained.我们每天摄入的事物必须满足需要，任何多余的东西必须排出体外才能维持平衡。
3.The process of stabilization of the internal environment is called homeostasis andis essential if the cells of the body are to function normally.内环境稳定的过程称之为体内平衡，体内平衡也是机体的细胞正常发挥作用所必不可少的。
4.Human cells have the ability to break down large molecules to smaller ones toliberate sufficient energy for their activities.人类细胞有将大分子分解成小分子的能力，从而为自身活动释放足够的能量。
药学英语 终极版 最全版
试剂、化学结构苯环取代 meta-, m- 间苯环取代 ortho-, 0- 邻苯环取代 para-, p- 对苯环取代 symetrical, sym- 均苯环取代 unsymmetrical, unsym- 偏苯环取代 vicinal,v- 连成分 cyclovirobuxine D (CVB-D) 环维黄杨星D基团 tertiary butyl 叔丁基链异构 iso- 异链异构 neo- 新链异构 normal, n- 正链异构 primary 伯链异构 quaternary 季链异构 secondary, sec- 仲，另链异构 tertiary, ter-, tert- 叔，特手性异构 dextro, d- 右手性异构 laevo, l- 左手性异构 meso- 内消旋手性异构 Rectus, R- 右，顺时针手性异构 Siniter,S- 左，逆时针顺反异构 cis- 顺顺反异构 cis-isomer 反式体顺反异构 Entgagen, E- 相反顺反异构 trans- 反顺反异构 trans-isomer 顺式体顺反异构 zusammen, Z- 共同2-Butanone 2-丁酮2-methylprapanoate, isobutyrate 2-甲基丙酸酯4-benzoylphenol 4-羟基二苯酮;4-羟基苯基苯甲酮;(4-羟基苯基)苯基甲酮;4-羟基二苯甲酮absolute ethanol 无水乙醇（含水量1％以下）acetal 乙缩醛,乙缩醛二乙醇，俗称塑钢(港台地区有称:塑胶钢) acetaldehyde 乙醛acetate buffer 醋酸盐缓冲液acetic anhydride 醋酸酐，又称醋酐、乙酐、乙酸酐acetone 丙酮acetonitrile 乙腈，别名甲基氰acetophenone 苯乙酮acetyloxy 乙酰氧基acidified water 酸化水activated carbon, activated charcoal 活性炭Adrenaline 肾上腺素Adsorption indicator （Adsorb）吸附指示剂albendazole 阿苯达唑aldehyde free alcohol 无醛乙醇aliphatic 脂肪族的alkali hydroxide 氢氧化碱alkaline solution 碱性溶液alkyl 烷基，烃基alkyl aryl ether 烷基芳基醚alkylene 烯烃基alkyne 炔Aminoalkyl Methacrylate Copolymer E (Eudragit E100) 甲基丙烯酸氨烷基酯共聚物E型aminobenzoic acid 氨基苯甲酸aminoethoxymethyl 氨乙氧甲基aminoheptane 氨基庚烷aminophenol 氨基苯酚aminophenyl 氨（基）苯（基）aminosalicyclic 氨基水杨酸aminosalicylate 氨基水杨酸盐Aminothiophenol 氨基硫酚Ammonio Methacrylate Copolymer Type A (Eudragit RL 100) 季胺基甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物A型Ammonio Methacrylate Copolymer Type B (Eudragit RS 100) 季胺基甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物B型ammonium chloride 氯化铵ammonium hydroxide 氢氧化铵，即氨水。
大学药学英语期末复习资料
药学英语复习资料整理（修正版）Part II I. M ultiple choices（1.5’ x 10 =15’）医药知识选择题，部分来自于Unit 1 ,4, 6, 7, 8, 14 中Text A的课后的课文内容理解选择题。
Unit 1BACDC DDCCCUnit 4 CCDDB BCCDCUnit 6 ACBDD CDBDCUnit 7 CAABC ADDDBUnit 8 DCDBB DCABCUnit 14 DDBBD CABCCPart V. 2个名词解释，anabolism(P8), The synthesis of large molecules from smaller ones.metabolism(P8), It means all the chemical reactions in all the cells of the body , and includes all material and energy transformations that occur in the body.homeostasis(p8), The state maintenance of a constancy and balance in one’s internal environment.physiology(p8), The study of how living organisms work , the goal is to study the normal functions and their regular patterns of organs or organ systems of living organism .(P59) Pharmacokinetics deals with the absorption , distribution , biotransformation , and excretion of drugs.(P79) Bioavailability：The relative amount of an administered dose of a particular drug which reaches the systemic circulation intact and the rate at which this occurs is known as the bioavailability of that drug.(P93) Qualitative analysis deals with the identification of elements , ions , or compounds present in a sample.(P93) Quantitative analysis deals with the determination of how much of one or more constituents is present .Part V I. TranslationUnit One(1)The success of physiology in explaining how organisms perform their daily task is based on the notion that they are intricate and exquisite machines whose operation is governed by the laws of physics and chemistry.生理学成功解释了生物体如何进行他的日常活动，基于的观点是他们好比是结构复杂而灵活的机器，其操作受物理和化学规律的控制。
药学英语第三版上册胡延熹课后翻译
Vitamins ---- Translation1. Researchers found that the level of vitamin C stored in the body of the victim with a common cold fell drastically and was close to the level of people suffering from scurvy.2. Minor degrees of vitamin C deficiency are common, though outright scurvy only occur when the diet is markedly deficient in fresh fruits and vegetables.3. Vitamins are organic compounds that must be supplied in the diet or injected into the body to maintain health.4. Vitamins produce no energy but play an essential role in the transformation of energy and in the regulation of metabolism.5. Vitamins are classified/distinguished by the letters of the alphabet, such as vitamins A, C, D, E, K and the B-complex.6. Vitamins and minerals are found in small amounts and are needed in minute quantities, as compared with the other nutrients.7. The diseases which develop from the absence of vitamins are known as vitamin deficiency diseases. For example, a lack of vitamin A brings about night blindness; a deficiency of vitamin D results in rickets.8. Some vitamins are soluble in fats whereas others are soluble in water. They are, therefore, termed fat-soluble and water soluble vitamins respectively.9. In addition to the general nutrients, another two groups of nutrients, vitamins and inorganic, or mineral, salts are also required by the body.10. M ost nutrients contain more than one nutrient, but no single food contains all the nutrients in the amounts you need.食物抗癌1. O verwhelming statistical evidence shows that smokers are more likely to develop cancer of the lung, throat, and tongue than are non-smokers.2. F ruits and vegetables are chock-full of a variety of antioxidants which can snuff out oxygen free radicals, substances that are thought to make cells more susceptible to cancer.3. A well-balanced diet will give your body various nutrients of vitamins, minerals, proteins, starches, and sugars that it needs to operate smoothly.4. T he risk of lung cancer is directly related to the number of cigarettes smoked each day--the higher the number, the higher the risk.5. E ven smokers may be protected from developing lung cancer by a daily portion of carrots, spinach or any other vegetables and fruits.6. S ome studies of animals and humans have suggested that vitamin A offers some protection against lung cancer.7. F urther studies will be necessary before the link between lung cancer and carotene can be firmly established.8. A nimal studies show that garlic blocks carcinogens that have been linked to colon and stomach cancer.9. A diet of more fruits and vegetables will undoubtedly play a major role in reducing cancer incidence as well as the number of deaths caused by the disease.10.Beta-carotene not only has a direct toxic effect on tumor cells, but also reduces the growth of lung-cancer cells and altered the proteins needed for tumors to grow.化学与物质----Translation1. B riefly speaking, a scientist differs from an artist mainly in that a scientist not only interprets the outer world, but also tries to transform it into a better one.2. S cience begins with necessity, curiosity, and questions about the unexplained phenomena in nature.3. T he ways in which an element or a compound combines or reacts with other things are its chemical properties.4. T he chemist is interested in the composition and properties of substances and the transformations they undergo during a chemical reaction.5. I t is very easy to fall into the habit of taking some painkiller when there is any slight pain.6. T he delicate operations performed by surgeons today would not be possible without anesthetics.7. T oday it is generally recognised that the human body is a chemical factory in which countless complex chemical and physicalchanges are constantly taking place.8. T he substance salt is composed of the metal sodium and the corrosive gas chlorine, but its chemical properties are quite different from those of sodium and chlorine.9. C hemotherapy is the treatment of disease by the administration of chemical substances which kill or prevent the growth of pathogenic organisms within the body.10.Substances that lessen pain but do not affect other sensations are called pain relieving drugs.麻醉药Translation1. It is not many years since a man who had to have an operation felt all its pain.2. I t is attributable to the discovery of anesthetics that surgeons can now perform all kinds of operations without causing pain.3. S pinal anesthesia produces excellent anesthesia and relaxation for the performance of many operations on the lower parts of the body.4. T he exact mechanism in which the general anesthetic drugs exert their effect on the brain is still unknown, although many theories have been proposed.5. T he introduction of anesthetics to surgery has made possible much more delicate and lengthy operations, thus greatly extending the field of surgery.6. N arcotics are applied to those drugs which are sedative in their action upon the body but which also produce insensibility to pain.7. C ontrary to what one might think, it’s only 50 years or so since penicillin, the antibiotic once regarded as the wonder drug, came into being.8. S cientists point out that since the sedative action of a drug results from its effect on the nerves, it must possess solubility in the fluids of the body which surround the nerves.9. A n anesthetic must be volatile if it is to be administered through oral inhalation, while those which can be administered through the rectum or injected into the spine do not have to be volatile.10.In spite of the danger of a patient’s contracting pneumonia after the use of ether as an anesthetic, ether is still widely em ployed because the anesthesia it produces is one of deep relaxation.绿色药房-草药Translation1. T he plant kingdom was once man’s only pharmacy. Yet when you enter a modern chemist’s shop today, you can hardly find a sign of the use of plants in medicine.2. T oday the number of plants used in medicine has decreased, but hidden away in many pills, capsules, and medicine bottles are the active chemicals originally found in the plant kingdom.3. S ome chemicals which plants make may be poisonous, others may be chemicals that are extremely valuable to us as medicines.4. D uring the many thousands of years that man has been on the earth, he has been trying out various plants that grew around him.5. T here has existed for many years mistrust, suspicion or hostility between the orthodox and the herbal practitioner which threatens the possibility of a good working relationship.6. W hen one considers the therapeutic impact of quinine, it is evident how great is the debt of medicine to plant-derived drugs.7. H owever, the past few decades have witnessed an obvious diminution in the number of plant-derived drugs introduced into medicine.8. T he legacy of traditional Chinese medicine is a treasure house with an inexhaustible supply of new potential drugs which is to be explored with an introduction of new approaches.9. H ad pharmacological approaches not been introduced into the investigation of Vinca rosea, the discovery of vincalcukoblastine would have been postponed by many years.10.Western practitioners find it difficult to believe that someone who knows nothing of a disease mechanism could still be capable of curing it.Natural Products1. One of the oldest of human activities is the study of plants and animals, particularly as sources of food.2.From the earliest times man had to distinguish between those plants which were poisonous and those which were not and there graduall y developed a knowledge of natural drugs.3. As late as the beginning of the present century pharmacognosy had developed mainly on the botanical side, being particularly concerned with the description and identification of drugs.4.Undoubtedly the plant kingdom still holds many species of plants containing substances of medical value which have yet to be discover ed.5. As a result of modern isolation and pharmacological testing procedures, new plant drugs usually find their way into medicine as purified substances.6. Many of the botanical, chemical and physical techniques employed in pharmacognosy are also applicable to the analysis of other comm odities, such as foods, spices and cosmetics.7. While pharmacognosy has been generally studied for practical purposes and may thus be called an applied science it has played an imp ortant role in the development of the pure sciences.8. Recent phytochemical examination of plants which have a suitable history of use in folklore for the treatment of cancer has, indeed, oft en resulted in the isolation of principles with antitumour activity.9. The growth of knowledge of biochemistry and physiology, which led to the concept of the chemical control of biological processes, has been of particular importance for pharmacology.10. Primitive man depended on preventive use of nature’s stock of plants and herbs to avoid disease and to maintain health and vigor.有机化学Translation1. The remarkable advances made in modern medicine would not have been possible without the aid of chemistry.2. Since the body is essentially a chemical machine, a knowledge of the chemistry of bodily functions seems essential to the physician.3. The production of food by plants and animals involves the rearrangement of atoms in molecules.4. Fortunately, few kinds of work seem to urge people on to success more effectively than does the pursuit of chemistry.5. So far the motive behind the search for synthetics has been a wish to produce better things for less money, and for more people.6. Isolation of increasing numbers of purified materials from living forms and recognition of the fact that all contained carbon gave birth to organic chemistry.7. When coal is burned in a furnace it combines with oxygen to give carbon dioxide, a new substance with different composition and properties from coal and oxygen.8. Many specific chemical reactions are important because of the energy which they use or supply.9. In the study of organic chemistry, students are expected to use familiar symbols which are constructed into two- or three-dimensional molecular formulas.10.From the food we eat, the clothes we wear to the buildings we live in, all have been fashioned to a considerable extent by organic chemistry.新药研制1 Translation1. F ormerly, drugs were extracted from natural plants and animal sources, and therapeutic use was based on traditional experience.2. D rug development strategies involve serendipity, molecular roulette, programmed basic research with synthesis of specific chemical, etc..3. T hough it’s the most satisfying in the development of new drugs, the approach is expensive and there is no guarantee of succe ss.4. W hen a drug is used by millions, there are certain to be adverse reactions even though the risk to any individual is small.5. M ost drugs have a safe upper limit of dosage; beyond this toxic effects may be expected to occur.6. P enicillin, one of the most powerful killers of bacteria was discovered quite by accident by Alexander Fleming.7. P harmacological experiment on a new drug determines whether the drug has the desired profile of action in model system.8. T he increase in knowledge of biochemical mechanisms results in a more rational approach to the development of new drugs.9. E xtensive formal toxicological tests are required before a new drug can be used on patients.10.Chemists and biologists have now attached great importance to such fields of research as molecular biology and biochemicalpharmacology.新药研制2 Translation1. T he rationale for the development of new drugs should be provide better drugs; better in the sense of being either more effective, safer or cheaper.2. T he representative of the pharmaceutical manufacturer has been specially trained to promote his particular new product.3. O nly after animal studies have proved efficacy can clinical evaluation of new drugs be undertaken.4. N ew drug evaluation in man can be divided into four phases each of which should be conducted under strict supervision.5. A dose-ranging study should only be performed on volunteers who are informed about the implications of the tests, and who give their consent freely.6. D ose-ranging studies should only be performed under medical supervision, as there exist some possible risks during the test.7. L arge scale clinical trials in Phase 3 are to establish new drug’s profile of action and frequency of adverse effects.8. T he expensive cost in drug development is borne by the pharmaceutical manufacturer, which justifiably expects to recoup it when the product is finally marketed.9. I nformation about the new drug published in well-established journals is more reliable than that offered by the medical representative whose livelihood depends on the ability to promote the product.10.Heavy investment in promotion has not simply led to the use of undistinguished new drugs, but to a higher cost of the drugs as well.药理学范畴Translation1. T he science of the effects of drugs on the body is called pharmacology, and the scientists who study it are pharmacologists.2. P harmacology is not a science that can be studied on its own, but that closely related to other branches of science.3. P harmacologists should not only understand the normal processes that take place in the body, but know how the functions of the body are affected by disease.4. P roperly used, drugs are great blessing to mankind; improperly used, they could destroy the race.5. D uring the first part of the twentieth century there have been enormous strides in the field of pharmacology.6. M an continues to strive, not only for a longer life span, but for a healthier one as well.7. W ith the frequent use of more than one therapeutic agent by a patient, particularly the elderly, drug interactions that result in toxicity are likely events.8. T he clinician is interested primarily in drugs that are useful in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of human diseases.9. M ost of the natural drugs are now highly purified and differ little from synthetic chemicals, the interests of the clinician in pharmacognosy are correspondingly decreased.10.As a border science, pharmacodynamics borrows freely from both the theories and experimental techniques of physiology, biochemistry, immunology, pathology, etc..良药滥用-----Translation1. A lthough the development of antibiotics has been of incalculable benefit to mankind, it has also given rise to serious complications.2. T he widespread use of antibiotics has resulted in the natural evolution of strains of disease germs which are resistant to such medications.3. A new multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, now prevalent in the world, causes serious infections that may not respond to chemotherapy.4. S ome antibiotics are effective against a large range of microorganisms, they are, therefore, known as broad-spectrum antibiotics.5. S ome drugs may not cause physical dependence, or addiction, but many persons do become habituated to their use.6. D rug abuse is thought of as the misuse of drugs potentially harmful to the individual user or to society.7. M any persons, believing that antibiotics can cure any disease, press their doctors for a dose of penicillin for such virus ailment as influenza.8. A ddiction is the body’s continued need for drug s because of their physiological effects after they are first taken.9. I n comparison, the inadequacies and potential dangers of antibiotics are much less widely known.10.Antibiotics are used so carelessly around the world that they are creating a new health threat to mankind.抗癌的食物（全文翻译）现在饮食开始被考虑作为抵抗癌症的主要武器。
2023执业药师鸭题库
2023执业药师鸭题库英文回答：1. Introduction.The pharmacy profession is rapidly evolving, with new technologies and advancements emerging all the time. In order to keep up with these changes, it is important for pharmacists to stay up-to-date on the latest research and best practices. One way to do this is by taking part in continuing education (CE) programs.2. Benefits of CE for Pharmacists.CE programs can offer a number of benefits for pharmacists, including:Enhanced knowledge and skills: CE programs can help pharmacists expand their knowledge base and develop new skills. This can lead to improved patient care and betterjob performance.Increased confidence: By staying up-to-date on the latest research and best practices, pharmacists can feel more confident in their abilities to provide safe and effective medication therapy.Improved patient care: Pharmacists who participate in CE programs are more likely to provide high-quality patient care. This can lead to improved patient outcomes and reduced healthcare costs.Career advancement: CE can help pharmacists advance their careers by making them more competitive for promotions and leadership positions.3. Types of CE Programs.There are a variety of CE programs available to pharmacists, including:Live programs: Live programs are held in person andtypically involve lectures, workshops, and demonstrations.Online programs: Online programs are offered through the internet and allow pharmacists to learn at their own pace.Home study programs: Home study programs involve reading materials and completing assignments on your own time.Preceptorship programs: Preceptorship programs involve working with a more experienced pharmacist to gain hands-on experience.4. Choosing the Right CE Program.When choosing a CE program, it is important to consider your individual needs and learning preferences. Somefactors to consider include:The topic of the program.The format of the program.The cost of the program.The location of the program.The reputation of the program.5. Conclusion.CE is an essential part of the pharmacy profession. By participating in CE programs, pharmacists can stay up-to-date on the latest research and best practices, improve their knowledge and skills, and provide high-quality patient care.中文回答：1. 导言。
药学英语复习题及单词
翻译1.化学家感兴趣的是物质的成分和性质，以及他们在化学反应中所发生的变化。
The chemist is interested in the composition and properties of substances and the transformations they undergo during a chemical reaction.2.如果没有麻醉，今天外科大夫所施行的精细手术是不可能的。
The delicate operations performed by surgeons today would not be possible without anesthetics,3.化疗是通过施用化学物质来杀灭体内病原体或阻止其生长的治疗方法。
Chemotherapy is the treatment of disease by the administration of chemical substances which kill or prevent the growth of pathogenic organisms within the body.4.由药物产生的奇怪的思维状态对理解精神病的病因或治疗精神病并没有多大帮助。
The strange mental states produced by drugs did not help much towards understanding the cause of, or finding treatments for insanity.5.在医院，许多新药正在使用，预期这些药品产生一些特定的效果，并且从总体上希望尽可能少的副作用。
In hospitals a number of new drugs were being used. These drugs were intended to have specific effects and on the whole it was hoped that they would have as few side-effects as possible.6.由于采用了现代分离和药理试验方法，新的植物药通常是设法制成提纯物后应用于医疗的。
药学英语 全国行业英语系列统编教材Unit1 PartB
进口药英文说明书的结构简介一药品说明书的作用药品说明书即为附在每种药品包装盒里的一份用药说明。
经过注册的进口药品一般是国家承认的有效药物，其说明书是指导医生与患者合理用药的重要依据，具有一定的法律效力。
二“药品说明书”的英文表达曾经用来表示药品说明书的英文单词或者短语包括：Instructions、Description、Leaflet、Datasheets、Package Insert。
现阶段，通常用来表示药品说明书的英文是Package Insert，简称Insert。
三大多数药品英文说明书包括内容①药品名称(Drug Names)②性状(Description)③药理作用(Pharmaceutical Actions)④适应症(Indications)⑤禁忌（症）(Contraindications)[ 'kɔntrə,indi'keiʃən ]⑥用量与用法(Dosage and Administration) dosage ['dəusidʒ] n.⑦不良反应(Adverse Reactions) adverse ['ædvə:s] adj.⑧注意事项(Precautions) [pri'kɔ:ʃən]⑨包装(Package)⑩贮存(Storage) ['stɔridʒ]其他项目(Others)第1节药品名称一）In Package Insert, Drug Name includes: Trade Name(商品名), Generic Name（通用名）and Chemical Name（化学名）.The common name is Trade Name.例如，日本田边有限公司生产的熊去氧胆酸片，其商品名为Ursosan (Tablets)；通用名为Ursodesoxycholic Acid（熊去氧胆酸）；化学名为3α，7β- dihydroxy - 5β- cholanoic acid（3α，7β- 二羟基- 5β- 胆烷酸）。
药学英语
药学专业英语资料（第一分册）二0一一年四月汇编1906 Pure Food and Drugs Act 美国的《1906年食品和药品法》Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA) 简化新药申请。
是FDA规定的仿制药申请程序Abstract 文摘acceptance notification 受理通知书accommodate remarks and explanations 补充注释Acquisition 收购active ingredient 主成分Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API)(or Drug Substance) 活性药用成分(原料药)active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), active ingredient (AI), drug substance, bulk drugs 原料药Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API) 活性药物成分研发机构APIAcute Toxicity 急性毒性试验additional sheets 附页administrative protection 行政保护adulterated 伪劣的adverse drug reaction reporting 药品不良反应报告affix the official seal 加盖公章after examination 经审查aging country 老龄化国家Aktiengesellschaft (A.G.) 德语，为”股份公司“。
公司名称中包括AG的主要是德国和瑞士，S.A.则主要出现在法国、瑞士、比利时、卢森堡、意大利、西班牙、葡萄牙、巴拿马、阿根廷、墨西哥和智利。
aktieselskab (丹麦文), aktieselskab(挪威文) (A/S) 股份有限公司。
药学英语标准试卷8单项选择第6题没答案.doc
—*、翻译（共20分，每题1分）。
1 Octane2 Sodium3 Hydrogen4 Glutamic acid5 Lysine6 Acetone7 Ethyl acetate 8 Sodium hydroxide 9 Sodium bicarbonate 10 Benzene11丙烷12 丁醇13腺嘿吟14胞嚅嚏15漠16碘17精氨酸18脯氨酸19酰胺答案：20 CaCO31辛烷2钠3氢5赖氨酸4谷氨酸6酮7酯8氢氧化钠9碳酸氢钠10苯11 Propane 12 Butanol13 Adenine 14 Cytosine15 Bromine 16 Iodine17 Arginine 18 Proline19 Amide 20 Calcium carbonate二、写出下列缩写的英文全称并翻译(共10分，每题2分)。
1CGMP: 2 COS (CEP): 3 SFDA: 4 WHO: 5 EU:答案：1 Current Good Manufacturing Practice现行药品生产和质量管理规范2Certificate of Suitability to Monographs of the European Pharmacopoeia欧洲药典适用性证书3State Food and Drug Administration (中国)食品药品监督管理局4World Health Organization 世界卫生组织5European Union 欧洲联盟三、判断(共16分，每题2分)，并用x寸表示。
1() The discipline of analytical chemistry consists of selective analysis and specific analysis.2() The present trend is mass screening of huge libraries containing several thousand molecules. This was made possible by the association of combinational chemistry with HTS.3() modification and improvement of existing active molecules is a type of search for new lead compound.4() The oxygen transporting capacity of the hemoglobin molecule,for example,is absolutely dependent on four iron ions that make up only 3% of its mass.5( ) If a long duration of action is desirable, one may administer a drug continuously or administer a drug in a long-acting form.6( ) Low concentrations of surfactants higher the surface tension and decrease the rate of drug dissolution.7( ) In identifying a plant constituent ,once it has been isolated and purified Jt is necessary first to determine the class of compound and then to find out which particular substance it is within that class.8() Analytical chemists work to improve the reliability of existing techniques to meet the demands for better chemical measurements which arise constantly in our society. 答案：1x2/374x5/6x7/8 寸四、单选题（共14分，每题2分）。
第四版药学英语课后翻译（节选）[最新]
![第四版药学英语课后翻译（节选）[最新]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/619a8df5534de518964bcf84b9d528ea81c72f09.png)
药学英语课后翻译Organic Chemistry Translation1. 没有化学的帮助，现代医学所取得的令人瞩目的进展是不可能的。
The remarkable advances made in modern medicine would not have been possible without the aid of chemistry.2. 既然人体从本质上讲是一台化学机器，那么，有人体功能的化学知识对医生来说就显得至关重要了。
Since the body is essentially a chemical machine, a knowledge of the chemistry of bodily functions seems essential to the physician.3. 通过植物和动物生产食品涉及到分子中原子的重新排列问题。
The production of food by plants and animals involves the rearrangement of atoms in molecules.4. 幸运的是，很少有其他工作能像研究化学那样更能激励人们去取得成功。
Fortunately, few kinds of work seem to urge people on to success more effectively than does the pursuit of chemistry.5. 迄今为止，寻求合成制品背后的动机便是祈盼以更少的钱为更多的人生产更好的东西。
So far the motive behind the search for synthetics has been a wish to produce better things for less money, and for more people.6. 人们从活体分离出越来越多的纯净物质，并认识到它们都含有碳元素，这样便诞生了有机化学Isolation of increasing numbers of purified materials from living forms and recognition of the fact that all contained carbon gave birth to organic chemistry.7. 煤与氧结合在炉中燃烧，生成二氧化碳——一种在成分和化学性质上都不同于煤和氧的全新物质。
药学英语试题及答案
药学英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The term "pharmacology" refers to the study of:A. The origin of drugsB. The effects of drugs on the bodyC. The synthesis of drugsD. The distribution of drugs答案：B2. Which of the following is not a route of drug administration?A. OralB. IntravenousC. InhalationD. Electrolysis答案：D3. The half-life of a drug is the time it takes for the concentration of the drug in the body to:A. DoubleB. TripleC. QuadrupleD. Decrease by half答案：D4. Which of the following is a common side effect of antibiotics?A. Dry mouthB. DiarrheaC. InsomniaD. All of the above答案：B5. The abbreviation "IV" stands for:A. IntravenousB. IntramuscularC. IntraperitonealD. Intradermal答案：A6. The term "bioavailability" refers to the:A. Percentage of a drug that is absorbed into the systemic circulationB. Percentage of a drug that is excreted unchangedC. Percentage of a drug that is metabolized in the liverD. Percentage of a drug that is stored in fat tissues答案：A7. Which of the following is a type of drug interaction?A. SynergismB. AntagonismC. PotentiationD. All of the above答案：D8. The therapeutic index of a drug is a measure of its:A. EfficacyB. SafetyC. Cost-effectivenessD. Taste答案：B9. The term "prodrug" refers to a drug that:A. Is already active when administeredB. Requires metabolic activation to become activeC. Is a combination of two drugsD. Is a drug that has been discontinued答案：B10. Which of the following is a method for enhancing drug solubility?A. Salt formationB. Coating with a polymerC. MicronizationD. All of the above答案：D二、填空题（每空1分，共20分）1. The ________ of a drug refers to its ability to reach the site of action in the body.答案：pharmacokinetics2. A drug that is administered as a liquid and is intended to be swallowed is called a ________.答案：solution3. The ________ of a drug is the maximum amount that can be given without causing harmful effects.答案：therapeutic dose4. A drug that is used to treat a specific disease or condition is called a ________.答案：therapeutic agent5. The ________ of a drug is the minimum amount that will produce a therapeutic effect.答案：therapeutic dose6. A drug that is used to prevent a disease or condition is called a ________.答案：prophylactic agent7. The ________ of a drug is the study of its effects on biological systems.答案：pharmacodynamics8. A drug that is used to alleviate symptoms without treating the underlying cause is called a ________.答案：symptomatic agent9. The ________ of a drug is the process by which it isremoved from the body.答案：elimination10. A drug that is used to treat a wide range of conditionsis called a ________.答案：broad-spectrum agent三、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. Explain the difference between a generic drug and a brand-name drug.答案：A generic drug is a copy of a brand-name drug that has the same dosage form, safety, strength, quality, performance characteristics, and intended use. A brand-name drug is the original version of a drug that has beendeveloped by a pharmaceutical company and is protected by a patent.2. What are the factors that can influence the absorption ofa drug?答案：Factors that can influence the absorption of a drug include the route of administration, the formulation of the drug, the presence of food in the stomach, the pH of the gastrointestinal tract, and the individual's health status.3. Describe the process of drug metabolism.答案：Drug metabolism is the process by which the body breaks down and eliminates drugs. It typically involves two phases: Phase I reactions, which involve oxidation, reduction, or hydrolysis to make the drug more polar, and Phase。
选择药学专业的原因英语作文
选择药学专业的原因英语作文英文回答：Choosing the profession of pharmacy was a multifaceted decision for me, influenced by a combination of personal interests, educational experiences, and societal factors.From a young age, I have always been fascinated by the intricate workings of the human body and the complex interactions between drugs and biological systems. This curiosity led me to pursue a strong foundation in science and mathematics, eager to unravel the mysteries of pharmacology and its impact on human health.Throughout my undergraduate studies, I became increasingly drawn to the practical applications of pharmaceutical knowledge. I reveled in the opportunity to gain hands-on experience through internships at community pharmacies, where I witnessed the direct impact pharmacists have on the lives of patients. The ability to combine myscientific knowledge with the chance to make a tangible difference in people's well-being ignited a deep passion within me.Moreover, the societal significance of pharmacy played a crucial role in my decision. In today's healthcare landscape, pharmacists are recognized as essential members of the medical team, providing expert guidance on medication use, monitoring patient outcomes, and promoting disease prevention. The opportunity to contribute to the health and well-being of my community as a pharmacist was an incredibly motivating factor.Beyond these personal and professional considerations, I am also driven by the ongoing advancements and discoveries in the field of pharmacy. The rapid pace of scientific research and technological innovations constantly provides new insights and therapeutic options, offering me the chance to stay at the forefront of healthcare and make a meaningful impact on the lives of countless individuals.In conclusion, my decision to enter the profession of pharmacy was the culmination of a multifaceted journey, driven by my fascination with the science of medication, my desire to make a tangible difference in the lives of others, and my appreciation for the societal significance and transformative nature of this field.中文回答：我选择药学专业的原因是多方面的，既有个人兴趣，也有受教育经历和社会因素的影响。
执业药师 2025 药学英语
执业药师 2025 药学英语English:As a practicing pharmacist in 2025, it is essential to possess a strong foundation in pharmaceutical sciences and clinical pharmacy. The constantly evolving nature of the field requires pharmacists to stay updated with the latest developments in drug therapy, pharmacology, and pharmaceutical care. Pharmacists will be expected to play a more integral role in patient care, collaborating closely with other healthcare professionals to optimize medication use and ensure patient safety. Additionally, with the advancement of digital health technologies, pharmacists will need to be proficient in utilizing electronic health records, telemedicine platforms, and other digital tools to enhance pharmaceutical care delivery. Cultural competency and communication skills will also be crucial, as pharmacists serve diverse patient populations with varying health beliefs and language preferences. In 2025, pharmacists will not only be responsible for dispensing medications but also for providing comprehensive medication management, medication therapy management, and preventive care services to promote optimal patient outcomes and population health.中文翻译:作为2025年执业的药师，拥有扎实的药学科学和临床药学基础至关重要。
药学英语教材
药学英语教材English:Pharmaceutical English textbooks are essential resources for students studying pharmacy. These textbooks cover a wide range of topics including pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacology, pharmaceutics, and pharmacy practice. They provide in-depth knowledge of drug compounds, their properties, mechanisms of action, formulation techniques, dosage forms, drug interactions, and patient care. Pharmaceutical English textbooks are particularly valuable for international students and professionals in the pharmaceutical field, as they facilitate learning and communication in English, which is often the global language of science and research. These textbooks are meticulously crafted to explain complex concepts clearly and are updated regularly to reflect the latest advancements in the field. They include comprehensive illustrations, diagrams, and case studies to enhance understanding and practical application. In summary, pharmaceutical English textbooks play a vital role in educating and equipping future pharmacists with the necessary knowledge and skills to succeed in their careers.中文翻译:药学英语教材对于学习药学的学生至关重要。
选择药学专业的原因英语作文
选择药学专业的原因英语作文There are several reasons why I chose to study pharmacy. First and foremost, I have always been interested in thefield of medicine and healthcare. I find the idea ofhelping people to improve their health and well-being to be incredibly rewarding. I believe that studying pharmacy will provide me with the knowledge and skills necessary to makea meaningful impact in the lives of others.Another reason for my interest in pharmacy is the opportunity to work in a dynamic and ever-evolving industry. The pharmaceutical industry is constantly innovating and developing new medications and treatments. I am excited about the prospect of being at the forefront of these advancements and contributing to the future of healthcare.Additionally, I am drawn to the diverse career opportunities available to pharmacy graduates. Pharmacists can work in a variety of settings, including hospitals,retail pharmacies, pharmaceutical companies, and research institutions. This versatility appeals to me, as it means that I will have the opportunity to explore differentaspects of the field and find the career path that best suits my interests and skills.In summary, I chose to study pharmacy because I am passionate about healthcare, excited about the potential for innovation and growth in the field, and attracted to the diverse career opportunities available to pharmacy graduates.选择药学专业的原因有几点。
药理选择英文版
Choose one correct answer (单选题)1.Pharmacology is ( )A.PharmacodynamicsB.PharmacokineticsC.Mechanism of drug actionD.Studies of interactions between drug and bodyE.Subject related to the medicinal chemistry and physiology2.药理学是研究( )A．药物效应动力学B．药物代谢动力学C．药物作用机理D．药物与机体相互作用的规律E．与药物学和生理学相关的学科3.The contents of pharmcodynamics are ( )A.Clinical effect of drugB.Mechanism of drug actionC.The process that action of drug on the bodyD.Factors affecting the drug effectE.Factors affecting the drug process in the body4.药效学研究的内容是( )A．药物的临床疗效B．药物的作用机理C．药物对机体的作用规律D．药物疗效的影响因素E．药物体内过程的影响因素5.The contents of pharmacokinetics are ( )A.Relationship between concentration and clinical effect of drugB.Relationship between blood concentration of drug and timeC.Factors affecting the drug absorptionD.Factors affecting the drug biotransformationE.The process that action of body on drug6.药动学研究的内容是( )A．血药浓度与临床疗效的关系B．血药浓度与时间的变化规律C．药物吸收的影响因素D．药物生物转化的影响因素E．机体对药物的处置的动态变化7.The processes of drug in the body include ( )A.AbsorptionB.DistributionC.MetabolismD.ExcretionE.All of A, B, C and D8.药物在体内的过程包括( )A.吸收B.分布C.代谢D.排泄E.以上均对9.The mode by which most drugs get across the cell membrane are ( )A.Passive transportB.Simple diffusionC.Facilitated diffusionD.FiltrationE.Pinocytosis10.大多数药物的跨膜转运方式是( )A主动转运 B 简单扩散 C 易化扩散 D 滤过 E 胞饮11.The results of drug biotransformation are ( )A.Increased polarity to be easily eliminatedB.Increased activityC.Decreased or no toxicityD.Decreased or no activityE.All of A, B, C and D12.药物经生物转化后( )A 极性增加，利于消除B 活性增大C毒性减弱或消失D 活性减弱或消失E 以上都有可能13.The main excretion pathways of drug or the metabolite are ( )A.KidneyB.BilekD.SweatE.Respiratory tract14.药物或其代谢物排泄的主要途径是( )A 肾B 胆汁C 乳汁D 汗腺E 呼吸道15.The characteristics of active transport are ( )A.Along with the concentration gradient; energy not needed; carrier neededB.Along with the concentration gradient; energy needed; carrier neededC.Against with the concentration gradient; energy needed; no competitionD.Against with the concentration gradient; energy needed; can be saturatedE.Against with the concentration gradient; energy not needed; can be saturated16.主动转运的特点是( )A 顺浓度差，不耗能，需载体B 顺浓度差，耗能，需载体C 逆浓度差，耗能，无竞争现象D 逆浓度差，耗能，有饱和现象E 逆浓度差，不耗能，有饱和现象17.The characteristics of first order kinetics are ( )A.Eliminated by constant ratio; t1/2 is not a constantB.Eliminated by constant amount; t1/2 is a constantC.Eliminated by constant amount; t1/2 is not a constantD.Eliminated by constant ratio; t1/2 is a constantE.t1/2 changes with the change of blood concentration of drug18.一级消除动力学的特点是( )A 恒比消除，t l/2不定B 恒量消除，t l/2恒定C 恒量消除，t l/2不定D恒比消除，t l/2恒定E t l/2随血药浓度变化而变化19.The t1/2 of one drug is 10 h, how long will the drug be nearly completely eliminated if givenonce? ( )A.About 10 hB.About 2 dC.About 1 dD.About 20 hE.About 5 d20.某药半衰期为10小时，一次给药后，药物在体内基本消除时间为( )A 10小时左右B 2天左右C 1天左右D 20小时左右E 5天左右21.The blood concentration of phenytoin increased if combined with chloromycin becausechloromycin can ( )A.Increase the absorption of phenytoinpete the plasma protein with phenytoinC.Increase the bioavailability of phenytoinD.Inhibit the activity of liver drug metabolism enzymeE.Reduce the excretion of phenytoin from urine22.氯霉素与苯妥英钠合用时，可使苯妥英钠血药浓度升高，是因为氯霉素能( )A 增加吸收B竞争血浆蛋白结合部位C提高生物利用度D抑制肝药酶E减少尿中排泄23.How to accelerate the excretion of Phenobarbital from urine if it is overdosed ? ( )A.Alkalify the urine to increase the dissociation of Phenobarbital, resulting in the increasedreabsorption by renal tubularB.Alkalify the urine to decrease the dissociation of Phenobarbital, resulting in theincreased reabsorption by renal tubularC.Alkalify the urine to increase the dissociation of Phenobarbital, resulting in thedecreased reabsorption by renal tubularD.acidify the urine to increase the dissociation of Phenobarbital, resulting in the decreasedreabsorption by renal tubularE.None of A, B, C and D24.苯巴比妥过量中毒, 为了促使其加速排泄, 应( )A 碱化尿液, 使解离度增大, 增加肾小管再吸收B 碱化尿液, 使解离度增小, 增加肾小管再吸收C 碱化尿液, 使解离度增大, 减少肾小管再吸收D 酸化尿液, 使解离度增大, 减少肾小管再吸收E 以上均不对25.The bioavailability of drug is ( )A.The blood amount of drug absorbed from the gastrointestinal tractB.The blood concentration of drug absorbed from the gastrointestinal tractC.The amount of drug in the action citeD.The percentage of drug in the blood to the dose given at any routesE.None of A, B, C and D26.药物的生物利用度是指( )A.药物经胃肠道进入血液循环的量B.药物经胃肠道进入血液循环的浓度C.药物吸收到达作用点的量D.任何给药途径下药物进入血液循环的百分比E.以上均不对27.The plasma half life (t1/2) is ( )A.The time during which 50% of drug is excreted from the bodyB.The time during which 50% of drug is biotransformedC.Half of the time during which the drug completely disappeared from bloodD.The time during which drug concentration decreases by halfE.The time during which drug effect decreases by half28.药物的血浆半衰期是( )A 50%药物从体内排出所需要的时间B 50%药物进行了生物转化C 药物从血浆中消失所需要的时间的一半D 血浆浓度下降一半所需要的时间E 药物作用强度减弱一半所需要的时间29.The main routes through which the first pass effect of drug occurs ( )A.Intravenous injectionB.Subcutaneous injectionC.Intramuscle injectionD.Oral administrationE.Inhalation30.药物首过消除主要发生于( )A 静脉注射B 皮下注射C 肌肉注射D口服给药 E 吸入给药31.At which dose the side effect will occurs ( )A.ExtremeB.TherapeuticC.ToxicD.LD50E.Minimal toxic32.下列哪种剂量会产生副作用( )A 极量B 治疗量C 中毒量D LD50E 最小中毒量33.The characteristics of receptor antagonist are ( )A.Has no affinity but has intrinsic activityB.Has no affinity as well as no intrinsic activityC.Has affinity but has no intrinsic activityD.Has affinity as well as intrinsic activityE.None of A, B, C and D34.阻断药的特点是( )A 对受体无亲和力，但有内在活性B对受体无亲和力，也无内在活性C 对受体有亲和力，但无内在活性D对受体有亲和力，也有内在活性E 以上均不对35.The characteristics of competitive antagonist are ( )A.Strong affinity and intrinsic activityB.Strong affinity and weak intrinsic activityC.Not relevant with affinity and intrinsic activityD.Strong affinity and no intrinsic activity, irreversible combination with receptorE.Strong affinity and no intrinsic activity, competition for the same receptor with agonist36.竞争性桔抗剂( )A亲和力及内在活性都强B具有一定亲和力但内在活性弱C与亲和力和内在活性无关D有亲和力，无内在活性，与受体不可逆性结合E有亲和力，无内在活性，与激动剂竞争相同受体37.The characteristics of noncompetitive antagonist are ( )A.Strong affinity and intrinsic activityB.Strong affinity and weak intrinsic activityC.Not relevant with affinity and intrinsic activityD.Strong affinity and no intrinsic activity, irreversible combination with receptorE.Strong affinity and no intrinsic activity, competition for the same receptor with agonist38.非竞争性桔抗剂( )A亲和力及内在活性都强B具有一定亲和力但内在活性弱C与亲和力和内在活性无关D有亲和力，无内在活性，与受体不可逆性结合E有亲和力，无内在活性，与激动剂竞争相同受体39.The action mode of drug ( )A.LocalB.SystemicC.DirectD.IndirectE.All of A, B, C and D40.药物的作用方式是( )A 局部作用B 全身作用C 直接作用D 间接作用E 以上全是41.Therapeutic effect and adverse effect of drug refer to ( )A.The selectivity of drug actionB.Dualism of drug actionC.Basic action of drugD.Mechanism of drug actionE.Mode of drug action42.治疗作用和不良反应是( )A 药物作用的选择性B 药物作用的两重性C 药物的基本作用D 药物的作用机制E 药物作用的方式43.Which one has the greatest therapeutic index ( )A.drug A: LD50=500mg ED50=100mgB.drug B: LD50=500mg ED50=25mgC.drug C: LD50=500mg ED50=50mgD.drug D: LD50=50mg ED50=5mgE.drug E: LD50=50mg ED50=25mg44.化疗指数最大的药物是( )A Ａ药ＬＤ50=500mg ED50=100mgB Ｂ药ＬＤ50=500mg ED50=25mgC Ｃ药ＬＤ50=500mg ED50=50mgD Ｄ药ＬＤ50=50mg ED50=5mgE E药ＬＤ50=50mg ED50=25mg45.Which order is correct for the potency of the drugs shown in the following figure ( )A.A＞B＞CB.A＞C＞BC.B＞A＞CD.B＞C＞AE.C＞B＞A46.图中所示甲乙丙三药，其效价强度比较为( )A 甲＞乙＞丙B 甲＞丙＞乙C 乙＞甲＞丙D 乙＞丙＞甲E 丙＞乙＞甲47.Toxicity of drug ( )A.Is not relevant with the doseB.Occurs at the therapeutic doseC.Is caused by overdoseD.Is secondary to the therapeutic effectE.Is allergic reaction48.毒性反应( )A 与剂量无关B 在治疗量下出现C 因用药剂量过大或用药时间过长引起D 是治疗作用引起的不良后果E 是药物引起的变态反应49.The phenomenon that the effect can be reached by increasing the dose of drug after longduration is ( )A.Drug resistanceB.Drug toleranceC.Drug addictionD.TachyphylaxisE.Specificness50.长期用药，需要增加剂量才能发挥疗效的现象，称之为( )A耐药性B耐受性C成瘾性D快速耐受性E特异性51.The phenomenon that the sensitivity of drug to bacteria decreases or even disappears afterlong duration is ( )A.Drug resistanceB.Drug toleranceC.Drug addictionD.TachyphylaxisE.Specificness52.长期用药，病原菌对药物敏感性下降甚至失效的现象，称之为( )A耐药性B耐受性C成瘾性D快速耐受性E特异性53.Where does N1 receptor distribute? ( )A.Ganglion cellB.Myocardial cellC.Vascular smooth muscle cellD.Gastrointestinal smooth muscle cellE.Skeletal muscle cell54.N1受体主要位于( )A 神经节细胞B 心肌细胞C 血管平滑肌细胞D 胃肠平滑肌E 骨骼肌细胞55.What is the receptor by activating which the dilatation of bronchus smooth muscle occurs?( )A.αB.β1C.H1D.β2E.M56.兴奋时产生舒张支气管平滑肌效应的主要受体是( )A α受体B β1受体C H1受体D β2受体ＥM受体57.Which is the main effect produced by activation of β1 receptor? ( )A.Dilatation of bronchus smooth muscleB.Increase of cardiac muscle contraction forceC.Contraction of skeletal muscleD.Contraction of gastrointestinal muscleE.Increase of secretion of gland58.下述哪种是β1受体兴奋的主要效应( )A 舒张支气管平滑肌B 加强心肌收缩C 骨骼肌收缩D 胃肠平滑肌收缩E 腺体分泌59.The rate-limiting enzyme which catalyzes the synthesis of noradrenaline is ( )A.CholinesteraseB.Choline acetylaseC.Monoamine oxidaseD.Dopa decarboxylaseE.Tyrosine hydroxylase60.去甲肾上腺素合成的限速酶是( )A胆碱酯酶B胆碱乙酰化酶C单胺氧化酶D多巴脱羧酶E酪氨酸羟化酶61.The enzyme which can inactivate the noradrenaline is ( )A.Monoamine oxidaseB.CholinesteraseC.Thyroid peroxidaseD.Synthetase of mucopeptideE.Angiotensin-converting enzyme62.主要使去甲肾上腺素灭活的酶是( )A 单胺氧化酶B 胆碱酯酶C 甲状腺过氧化物酶D粘肽合成酶E血管紧张素转化酶63.Enzyme which can be reversibly inhibited by neostigmine is ( )A.Monoamine oxidaseB.CholinesteraseC.Thyroid peroxidaseD.Synthetase of mucopeptideE.Angiotensin-converting enzyme64.新斯的明可逆性抑制的酶是A 单胺氧化酶B 胆碱酯酶C 甲状腺过氧化物酶D粘肽合成酶E血管紧张素转化酶65.Which effect is not produced by activating the M receptor? ( )A.Decrease of heart rateB.Contraction of gastrointestinal smooth muscleC.Contraction of gastrointestinal sphincter muscleD.Dilatation of sphincter muscle of urinary bladderE.Contraction of iris sphincter muscle (myosis)66.下列哪种效应不是通过激动M受体实现的( )A心率减慢B胃肠道平滑肌收缩C胃肠道括约肌收缩D膀胱括约肌舒张E虹膜括约肌收缩(缩瞳)67.Which description is not correct? ( )A.The adrenoceptor in bronchus smooth muscle is β2 receptorB.The cholinoceptor in nerve ganglion is N1 receptorC.Atropine is a anticholine drugD.The cholinoceptor in motor end plate is N2 receptorE.Pilocarpine is a postganglionic anitcholinergic drug68.下列描述哪项有错？( )A 支气管平滑肌上的肾上腺素受体是β2受体B 神经节上的胆碱能受体是Ｎ1受体C 阿托品是抗胆碱药D 运动神经终板上的胆碱能受体是Ｎ2受体E 毛果芸香碱是节后抗胆碱药69.Which one describing the clinical use of neosigmine is not correct? ( )A.Myasthenia gravisB.Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardiaC.Angina caused by spasm of smooth muscleD.Generally not used for MyoticaE.Rescue the toxicity by non-depolarizing muscular relaxant70.有关新斯的明的临床用途下列错误的是（）A 重症肌无力B 阵发性室上性心动过速C 平滑肌痉挛性绞痛D通常不作眼科缩瞳药 E 解救非去极化肌松药中毒71.Which one is not the indication of anticholinesterase drug? ( )A.Myasthenia gravisB.Abdominal distensionC.Urinary retentionD.Atrial ventricular blockE.Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia72.抗胆碱酯酶药的适应症不包括（）A 重症肌无力B 腹胀气C 尿潴留D 房室传导阻滞E 阵发性室上性心动过速73.Drug which can obviously stimulate skeletal muscle is ( )A.AtropineB.TubocurarineC.PropranololD.NeostigmineE.Phentolamine74.兴奋骨骼肌作用明显的药物是A 阿托品B 筒箭毒碱C 普萘洛尔（心得安）D 新斯的明E 酚妥拉明75.Drug which can produce the effect of mydriasis is ( )A.PilocarpineB.NeostigmineC.AtropineD.PrazosinE.Morphine76.滴眼产生扩瞳效应的药物是A 毛果芸香碱B 新斯的明C 阿托品D 哌唑嗪E 吗啡77.The reason that pyraloxime iodide can rescue the toxicity by organophosphorus compoundsis ( )A.Renaturation of cholinesteraseB.Directly antagonize the acetylcholineC.Block the M receptorD.Block the N receptorE.None of A, B, C and D78.碘解磷定解救有机磷酸酯类(农药)中毒是因为A能使失去活性的胆碱酯酶复活B能直接对抗乙酰胆碱的作用C有阻断M胆碱受体的作用D有阻断N胆碱受体的作用 E 以上都不是79.The reason that organophosphorus compounds can cause toxicity is ( )A.Reversible inhibition of cholinesteraseB.Irreversible inhibition of cholinesteraseC.Direct inhibition of M and N receptorD.Direct activation of M and N receptorE.Enhancement of release of acetylcholine by motor nerve ending80.有机磷农药中毒的原理A易逆性胆碱酯酶抑制剂 B 难逆性胆碱酯酶抑制剂C直接抑制M受体，N受体D直接激动M受体，N受体E促进运动神经末梢释放Ach81.Which drug can cause high intraocular pressure? ( )A.PilocarpineB.AtropineC.AdrenalineD.NoradrenalineE.Chlorpromazine82.眼内压升高可由何药引起A 毛果芸香碱B 阿托品C 肾上腺素D 去甲肾上腺素E 氯丙嗪83.Which effect is not produced by activating the β receptor? ( )A.Dilatation of bronchusB.Vasorelaxation of skeletal muscleC.Fast heart rateD.Strong contraction force of cardiac muscleE.Contraction of detrusor of bladder84.下列哪些效应不是通过激动β受体产生的A 支气管舒张B 骨骼肌血管舒张C 心率加快D心肌收缩力增强E膀胱逼尿肌收缩85.Which one is correct on the description of adrenaline?A.Directly activate α，β1，β2 receptorB.Strongly activate α，receptor, weakly activate βreceptorC.Activate α，β, DA receptorD.Directly antagonize α，β1，β2 receptorE.Activate βreceptor86.关于肾上腺素的描述正确的是A 直接激动α，β1，β2受体B 主要激动α受体，微弱激动β受体C 激动α，β，DA受体D 直接拮抗α，β1，β2受体E 主要激动β受体87.Which description about dobutamine is correct? ( )A.Selectively activate βl receptorB.Selectively activate β2 receptorC.Activate both βl and β2 receptorsD.Weakly activate β receptorE.Activate α, βl and DA receptor88.多巴酚丁胺A选择性激动βl受体B选择性激动β2受体C对βl和β2受体都有激动作用D对β受体作用很弱E对α、βl和多巴胺受体都有激动作用89.Which drug is immediately i.m given once allergic shock is induced by penicillin? ( )A.Adrenocortical hormoneB.Calcium chlorideC.NoradrenalineD.AdrenalineE.Atropine90.青霉素过敏性休克一旦发生，应立即注射A 肾上腺皮质激素B 氯化钙C 去甲肾上腺素D 肾上腺素E 阿托品91.Which disease can not be treated by isoprenaline? ( )A.Bronchial asthmaB.Cardiac asthmaC.ShockD.Cardiac arrestE.Atrioventricular block92.下列哪一情况不能用异丙肾上腺素治疗？A 支气管哮喘B 心源性哮喘C 休克D 心跳骤停E 房室传导阻滞93.Which description on salbutamol is correct? ( )A.Selectively activate βl receptorB.Selectively activate β2 receptorC.Activate both βl and β2 receptorsD.Weakly activate β receptorE.Activate α, βl and DA receptor94.沙丁胺醇A选择性激动βl受体B选择性激动β2受体C对βl和β2受体都有激动作用D对β受体作用很弱E对α、βl和多巴胺受体都有激动作用95.Which drug can reverse the BP raising effect by adrenaline? ( )A.PhentolamineB.NeostigmineC.PilocarpineD.EphedrinE.Atropine96.能使肾上腺素升压作用翻转的药物是A酚妥拉明 B 新斯的明 C 毛果芸香碱 D 麻黄碱 E 阿托品97.Which contraindication is related to the propranolol? ( )A.GlaucomaB.Abdominal distentionC.Urinary retentionD.Prostatic hypertrophyE.Bronchial asthma98.与普萘洛尔有关的禁忌症是A 青光眼B 腹胀气C 尿潴留D前列腺肥大E支气管哮喘99.The reason that phentolamine dilates the vessel is ( ).A.Blockade of α1 receptor in postsynaptic membraneB.Activation of M receptorC.Activation of β receptor in presynaptic membraneD.Blockade of α2 receptor in presynaptic membraneE.Activation of DA receptor100.酚妥拉明舒张血管的原理是A 阻断突触后膜α1受体B 主要奋M受体C 兴奋突触前膜β受体D 主要阻断突触前膜α2受体E 激动多巴胺受体101.Which drug can induce the local necrosis if it leaks out the vessel? ( )A.AdrenalineB.AtropineC.IsoprenalineD.DopamineE.Noradrenaline102.静滴外漏易致局部坏死的药物是A 肾上腺素B 阿托品C 异丙肾上腺素D 多巴胺E 去甲肾上腺素103.What is the mechanism by which antipyretic analgesic reduces the fever? ( )A.Inhibition of synthesis of central PGB.Inhibition of synthesis of peripheral PGC.Inhibition of degradation of central PGD.Inhibition of degradation of peripheral PGE.Enhancement of release of central PG104.解热镇痛药的退热作用机制是：A.抑制中枢PG合成B.抑制外周PG合成C.抑制中枢PG降解D.抑制外周PG降解E.增加中枢PG释放105.What is the mechanism by which antipyretic analgesic relieves the pain? ( )A.Blockade of impulse transduction of afferent nerveB.Reduction of sensitivity of sensory fiber sensorC.Inhibition of synthesis of PG in inflammatory stateD.Activation of opium receptorE.None of A, B, C and D106.解热镇痛药的镇痛作用机制是：A.阻断传入神经的冲动传导B.降低感觉纤维感受器的敏感性C.阻止炎症时PG的合成D.激动阿片受体E. 以上都不是107.which drug can prevent cerebral thrombosis? ( )A.Sodium salicylatesB.AspirinC.ButazoneD.IndomethacinE.Brufen108.可防止脑血栓形成的药物是：A.水杨酸钠B.阿司匹林C.保泰松D.吲哚美辛E.布洛芬109.The mechanism by which probenecid increases the effect of penicillin is ( ).A.Decrease the metabolism of penicillin in liverB.Increase the permeability of membrane of penicillinC.Decrease the secretion and excretion of penicillin in tubularD.Probenecid also has anti-bacterial effectE.Increase the binding force of penicillin to bacterial110.丙磺舒增加青霉素疗效的机制是：A.减慢其在肝脏代谢B.增加其对细菌膜的通透性C.减少其在肾小管分泌排泄D.对细菌起双重杀菌作用E.增加其与细菌蛋白结合力111.Which drug is prohibited in patient with bronchial asthma? ( )A.PiroxicamB.AspirinC.ProbenecidD.BrufenE.Clofenamic acids112.支气管哮喘病人禁用的药物是：A.吡罗昔康B.阿司匹林C.丙磺舒D.布洛芬E.氯芬那酸113.Which disease is the first choice indication of sodium phenytoin? ( )A.Minor epilepsyB.Grand mal epilepsyC.Psychomotor epilepsyD.Parkinson’s diseaseE.None of A, B, C and D114.苯妥英钠是何种疾病的首选药物？A.癫痫小发作B.癫痫大发作C.癫痫精神运动性发作D.帕金森病发作115.Which disease is the first choice indication of ethosuximide ? ( )A.Minor epilepsyB.Grand mal epilepsyC.Psychomotor epilepsyD.Parkinson’s diseaseE.None of A, B, C and D116.乙琥胺是何种疾病的首选药物？A.癫痫小发作B.癫痫大发作C.癫痫精神运动性发作D.帕金森病发作117.Psychotolytic drugs is used for ( ).A.Disorders of psychoactivityB.SchizophreniaC.ManiaD.DepressionE.Anxiety118.抗精神失常药是指：A.治疗精神活动障碍的药物B.治疗精神分裂症的药物C.治疗躁狂症的药物D.治疗抑郁症的药物E.治疗焦虑症的药物119.which one is used for depression ( )?A.ImipramineB.FluphenazineC.ChlorperphenazineD.AlopeiidinE.Clozapine120.可用于治疗抑郁症的药物是：A.米帕明B. 氟奋乃静C.奋乃静D.氟哌啶醇E.氯氮平121.Chlorpromazine causes blurred vision, tachyrhythmia, dry mouth and constipation by blocking ( )A.DA receptorB.αreceptorC.βreceptorD.M receptorE.N receptor122.氯丙嗪引起的视力模糊、心动过速和口干、便秘等是由于阻断：A.多巴胺（DA）受体B. α肾上腺素受体C. β肾上腺素受体D.Ｍ胆碱受体E.N胆碱受体123.Chlorpromazine induces acute extracorticospinal tract dyskinesia by blocking ( )A.DA receptor in mid-brain iambic systemB.DA receptor in mid-brain cortex systemC.DA receptor in substantia nigra corpora striata systemD.DA receptor in nodus funnel systemE.All of A, B, C and D124.氯丙嗪引起的急性锥体外系运动障碍，其机制主要是：A.阻断中脑－边缘系统通路的DA受体B.阻断中脑－皮层通路的DA受体C.阻断黑质－纹状体通路的DA受体D.阻断结节－漏斗通路的DA受体E.以上都是125.Which one can be used for hypotension caused by chlorpromazine ( )?A.AdrenalineB.DopamineC.EphedrineD.NoradrenalineE.Isoprenaline126.下列哪种药物可以用于处理氯丙嗪引起的低血压？A.肾上腺素B.多巴胺C.麻黄碱D.去甲肾上腺素E.异丙肾上腺素127.The effect of chlorpromazine on the healthy is ( )A.DysphoriaB.HyperthymiaC.Nervous and InsomniaD.Apathy emotionE.None of A, B, C and D128.氯丙嗪在正常人引起的作用是：A.烦躁不安B.情绪高涨C.紧张失眠D.感情淡漠E.以上都不是129.Lithium carbonate can be used for ( )A.VesaniaB.DepressionC.SchizophreniaD.AnxietyE.None of A, B, C and D130.碳酸锂主要用于治疗：A.躁狂症B.抑郁症C.精神分裂症D.焦虑症E.多动症131.The mechanism of diazepam is ( )A.Directly inhibit central nervous system instead of acting on receptorB.Increase the affinity of GABA and the GABA receptor by binding with diazepamreceptorC.Increase the release of inhibitory neurotransmitter by binding with GABA receptorD.Induce the production of new proteinE.None of A, B, C and D132.地西泮的作用机制是:A.不通过受体，直接抑制中枢B.作用于苯二氮卓受体，增加GABA与GABA受体的亲和力C.作用于GABA受体，增加体内抑制性递质的作用D.诱导生成一种新蛋白质而起作用E.以上都不是133.苯巴比妥钠连续应用产生耐受性的主要原因是:A.再分布于脂肪组织B.排泄加快C.被假性胆碱酯酶破坏D.被单胺氧化酶破坏E.诱导肝药酶使自身代谢加快134.The specific antagonist of diazepam is ( )A.NikethamideB.NarconC.FlumazenilD.Calcium chlorideE.None of A, B, C and D135.地西泮中毒的特异解毒药是:A.尼可刹米B.纳络酮C.氟马西尼D.氯化钙E.以上都不是136.Which one is not the clinical use of diazepam? ( )A.Anti-anxietyB.Sedative hypnosisC.Anti-convulsionD.Muscle relaxationE.Anti-dizzy137.地西泮的药理作用不包括：A.抗焦虑B.镇静催眠C.抗惊厥D.肌肉松弛E.抗晕动138.吗啡抑制呼吸的主要原因是：A.作用于时水管周围灰质B.作用于蓝斑核C.降低呼吸中枢对血液CO2张力的敏感区D.作用于脑干极后区E.作用于迷走神经背核139.吗啡镇痛作用的主要部位是：A.蓝斑核的阿片受体B.丘脑内侧、脑室及导水管周围灰质C.黑质－纹状体通路D.脑干网状结构E.大脑边缘系统140.The specific antagonist of opium receptor is ( )A.MeperidineB.MethadoneC.PentazocineD.FentanylE.Narcon141.阿片受体的拮抗剂是：A.哌替啶B.美沙酮C.喷他佐辛D.芬太尼E. 纳络酮142.吗啡无下列哪种不良反应？A.引起腹泻B.引起便秘C.抑制呼吸中枢D.抑制咳嗽中枢E.引起体位性低血压143.The mechanism by which carbidopa cures Parkinson’s disease is ( )A.Activate dopamine receptor in CNSB.Inhibit the activity of peripheral dopa decarboxylaseC.Block M receptor in CNSD.Inhibit the reuptake of dopamineE.Sensitize dopamine receptor144.卡比多巴治疗帕金森病的机制是：A.激动中枢多巴胺受体B.抑制外周多巴脱羧酶活性C.阻断中枢M受体D.抑制多巴胺的再摄取E.使多巴胺受体增敏145.卡比多巴与左旋多巴合用的理由是：A.提高脑内多巴胺的浓度，增强左旋多巴的疗效B.减慢左疙多巴肾脏排泄，增强左旋多巴的疗效C.卡比多巴直接激动多巴胺受体，增强左旋多巴的疗效D.抑制多巴胺的再摄取，增强左旋多巴的疗效E.卡比多巴阻断胆碱受体，增强左旋多巴的疗效146.The mechanism by which levodopa cures Parkinson’s disease is ( )A.Inhibit the reuptake of dopamineB.Activate M receptor in CNSC.Block M receptor in CNSD.Supply the dopamine in CNSE.Activate dopamine receptor147.左旋多巴抗帕金森病的机制是：A.抑制多巴胺的再摄取B.激动中枢M受体C. 阻断中枢胆碱受体D.补充中枢多巴胺的不足E.直接激动中枢的多巴胺受体148.The mechanism by which trihexyphenidyl cures Parkinson’s disease is ( )A.Supply the dopamine in CNSB.Activate dopamine receptorC.Activate M receptor in CNSD.Block M receptor in CNSE.Inhibit activity of dopamine decarboxylase149.苯海索治疗帕金森病的机制是：A.补充中枢中多巴胺B.激动多巴胺受体C.激动中枢M受体D.阻断中枢M受体E.抑制多巴胺脱羧酶性150.Which one can be used for Alzheimer disease ( )?A.TacrineB.TrihexyphenidylC.LevodopaD.TasmarE.Carbidopa151.治疗阿尔茨海默病的药物A 他克林B 苯海索C 左旋多巴D 托卡朋E 卡比多巴152.妨碍铁剂在肠道吸收的物质是A维生素C B果糖C食物中半胱氨酸物质D食物中高磷,高钙,鞣酸等物质E稀盐酸153.The specific antagonist of vitamin K is ( )A.HeparinB.Natrium citricumC.DicoumarolD.StreptokinaseE.Urokinase154.维生素K的拮抗剂是A肝素B枸橼酸钠C双香豆素D链激酶E尿激酶155.The mechanism by which heparin has the anti-coagulant effect is ( )A.Inhibit the synthesis of coagulant factors Ⅶ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ in liverB.Activate antithrombin Ⅲ（ATⅢ）in plasmabine with Ca++pete with vit KE.Inhibit fibrin degradation156.肝素的抗凝血作用机理是通过A 抑制肝脏合成凝血因子Ⅶ、Ⅸ、ⅩB 激活血浆的抗凝血酶Ⅲ（ATⅢ）C 与Ca++ 络合D 通过与VitK竞争E 抑制纤维蛋白降解157.Bleeding caused by overdose heparin can be inhibited by ( )A.Vitamin KB.Vitamin CC.ProtamineD.AminomethylbenzoicE.Tranexamic acid158.过量肝素引起出血可选用下列何药治疗A维生素K B维生素C C鱼精蛋白D氨甲苯酸E氨甲环酸159.Which one is the hypotensive acting on CNS ( )?A.ClonidineB.NefedipineC.PrazosinD.CaptoprilE.Hydrochlorothiazide160.具有中枢性降压作用的药物是A 可乐定B 硝苯地平C 哌唑嗪D 卡托普利E 氢氯噻嗪161.Which drug can inhibit angiotensin Ⅰ converting enzyme (ACE) ? ( )A.ClonidineB.NefedipineC.PrazosinD.CaptoprilE.Hydrochlorothiazide162.抑制血管紧张素Ⅰ转化酶的药物是A 可乐定B 硝苯地平C 哌唑嗪D 卡托普利E 氢氯噻嗪163.Which drug can block α1 receptor? ( )A.ClonidineB.NefedipineC.PrazosinD.CaptoprilE.Hydrochlorothiazide164.阻断α1受体的药物是A 可乐定B 硝苯地平C 哌唑嗪D 卡托普利E 氢氯噻嗪165.Which drug can block calcium channel ? ( )A.ClonidineB.NefedipineC.PrazosinD.CaptoprilE.Hydrochlorothiazide166.阻滞钙通道的药物是A 可乐定B 硝苯地平C 哌唑嗪D 卡托普利E 氢氯噻嗪167.Which drug can block AT1 receptor? ( )A.CaptoprilB.LosartanC.PrazosinD.Nitroprusside sodiumE.Spironolactone168.阻断血管紧张素Ⅱ受体（AT1受体）的药物是A 卡托普利B 洛沙坦C 哌唑嗪D 硝普钠E 螺内酯169.Which drug can reduce the renin level in plasma? ( )A.LosartanB.HydrochlorothiazideC.PropranololD.ClonidineE.Nefedipine170.可降低血浆中肾素水平的药物是A 洛沙坦B 氢氯噻嗪C 普萘洛尔D 可乐定E 硝苯地平171.Which drug can not be used for patient with both hypertension and bronchial asthma? ( )A.HydrochlorothiazideB.NefedipineC.PrazosinD.PropranololE.Clonidine172.高血压伴有支气管哮喘的患者不宜用A氢氯噻嗪B硝苯地平 C 哌唑嗪 D 普萘洛尔E可乐定173.Which drug can be used for patient with both hypertension and sinus tachycardia? ( )A.HydrochlorothiazideB.HydrazineC.NefedipineD.PropranololE.Clonidine174.高血压伴有窦性心动过速者宜选用A 氢氯噻嗪B肼屈嗪 C 硝苯地平 D 普萘洛尔 E 可乐定175.The main mechanism by which quinidine has anti-arrhythmic effect is ( )A.Inhibit Na+ influxB.Inhibit Ca++ influxC.Block αreceptorD.Block βreceptorE.Block M receptor176.奎尼丁抗心律失常的主要机制是A抑制钠内流B抑制钙内流 C 阻断α受体 D 阻断β受体E阻断M受体177.The main mechanism by which verapamil has anti-arrhythmic effect is ( )A.Inhibit Na+ influxB.Inhibit K+ outfluxC.Inhibit Ca++ influxD.Block αreceptorE.Block βreceptor178.维拉帕米的主要作用机制是A抑制Na+内流B抑制K+外流 C 抑制Ca2+内流 D 阻断α受体E阻断β受体179.Which drug can be used for sinus tachycardia induced by hyperexcitability of sympathetic nerve and thyroid hyperfunction? ( )A.QuinidineB.LidocaineC.PropafenoneD.PropranololE.Verapamil180.治疗交感神经兴奋性过高、甲状腺功能亢进引起的窦性心动过速宜选用A奎尼丁 B 利多卡因C普罗帕酮D普萘洛尔E维拉帕米181.Which drug has the adverse effect of cinchonism? ( )A.QuinidineB.LidocaineC.PropafenoneD.PropranololE.Verapamil182.可引起金鸡纳反应的抗心律失常药是A奎尼丁 B 利多卡因C普罗帕酮D普萘洛尔E维拉帕米183.The mechanism by which cardiac glycoside has anti-CHF effect is ( )A.Block αreceptorB.Block βreceptorC.Block calcium channelD.Inhibit ACEE.Inhibit Na+,K+-ATP enzyme184.强心苷的作用机制为A 阻断α受体B 阻断β受体C 阻滞钙通道D 抑制血管紧张素转化酶E 抑制Na+,K+-ATP酶185.治疗量强心苷产生负性心率作用的原因是A 直接抑制房室结的传导B 直接抑制窦房结自律性C 直接抑制房室束的传导D 反射性增加迷走神经活性，降低交感神经活性E 阻断β1受体186.The main pharmacological action of cardiac glycoside on CHF is ( )A.Decrease oxygen consumption by myocardiumB.Positive inotropic effectC.Decrease heart rateD.Decrease atrioventricular conductionE.Diureses187.强心苷治疗心衰的主要药理作用是A 降低心肌耗氧量B 正性肌力作用C 减慢心率D 减慢房室传导E 利尿188.Which one is not the adverse effect of cardiac glycoside? ( )A.Nausea and vomitingB.Visual disturbanceC.Ventricular arrhythmiaD.Sinus bradycardiaE.Water-sodium retention189.强心苷的不良反应不包括A 恶心呕吐B 视觉障碍C 室性心律失常D 窦性心动过缓E 水钠潴留190.Which one is not the mechanisms by which ACEI has effects on CHF and hypertension?A.Decrease release of rennin。
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2020/6/15
The late Charles N. Reilley said : “Analytical chemistry is what analytical chemists do.”
已故的Charles N. Reilley曾说过：“分析化学家从 事的工作就是分析化学”。
工业领域中，分析化学提供原料的检测手段， 保证对化学成分要求严格的最终产品的质量。
2020/6/15
The quality of manufactured proudcts often depends on proper chemical proportions , and measurement of the constituents is a necessary part of quality control .
他们将以证实的方法学应用于新型材料，或回答关于其 组成及反应机制的新问题。
2020/6/15
They carry out research to discover completely new principles of measurement and are at the forefront of the utilization of majir discoveries, such as lasers and microchip devices for practical purposes.
分析化学提供了洞察物质世界所需要的方法和工具， 它回答了关于某一物质样品的四个基本问题：
2020/6/15
What? Where? How much? What arrangement, structure or form ?
是什么？ 在哪里？ 有多少？ 是何种排列、结构或形态？
2020/6/15
分析化学几乎在化学的各个领域都起着至关重要的作 用，比如，农业、临床、环境、法医、制造业、冶金 以及药物化学。
2020/6/15
The nitrogen content of a fertilizer determines its value.
化学肥料中氮的含量决定了其价值。
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Foods must be analyzed for contaminants (e.g pesticide residues) and for essential nutrients (e.g vitamin content).
出厂产品的质量取决于合适的化学成分比例，因此对 组分的测定时质量控制中必不可少的一个环节。
2020/6/15
The carbon content of steel will determine its quality. The purity of drugs will determine their efficacy.
糖尿病患者检测血糖（事实上，大多数疾病都是 化学分析来诊断的）。
2020/6/15
The presence of trace elements from gun powder on a murder defendant’s hand will prove a gun was fired.
谋杀嫌疑犯手上火药中痕量元素的存在可以证明手枪 是开过火的。
欧洲化学联盟曾举行了一次会议来定义分析化学，K. Cammann所提出的如下建议被采纳：
2020/6/15
Analytical chemistry provides the methods and tools needed for insight into our material world…for answering four basic questions about a material sample.
但是该名词忽视了仪器发展和应用的工作。
2020/6/15
One suggestion is that we use the term analytical science and technology .
有人建议使用“分析科学和技术”这一名词。
2020/6/15
The Federation of European Chemical Societies held a contest to define analytical chemistry, and the following suggestion by K. Cammann was selected.
分析化学是研究物质的化学特征并能回答两个重要问 题：是什么（定性）以及有多少（定量）。
2020/6/15
Chemicals make up everything we use or consume, and knowledge of the chemical composition of many substances is important in our daily lives.
我们所使用和消耗的一切都是由化学物质组成的，所 以日常生活中了解物质的化学成分是非常重要的。
2020/6/15
Analytical chemistry plays an important role in nearly all aspects of chemistry , for example, agricultural, clinical, environmental,forensic, manufacturing,metallurgical,and pharmaceutical chemistry.
The Division of Analytical Chemistry of the American Chemical Society provides a comprehensive definition of analytical chemistry, which may be found on their website.
美国化学协会的“分析化学分类”为分析化学提供了 一个全面的定义，可以在其网站查到。
2020/6/15
It is reproduced in most part here. Analytical chemistry seeks ever improved means of measuring the chemical composition of natural and artificial materials.
在名为“分析科学的课程发展”的工作组所做的国家 科学基金报告中已使用这一名词。
2020/6/15
Even this term falls short of recognition of the role of instrumentation development and appli Nhomakorabeaation.
2020/6/15
The discipline has expanded beyond the bounds of just chemistry , and many have advocated using the name analytical science to describe the field.
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CoWntenhtadetsAignn, 1a0lyyetaircsaelxpCerhienecme ists Do? 分析化学家做什么？
2020/6/15
Analytical chemistry is concerned with the chemical characterization of matter and the answers to two important questions: what is it (qualitative) and how much is it (quantitative).
此处摘录部分内容： 分析化学探索不断改进的方法，用以检测天然和人造 材料的化学组成。
2020/6/15
2020/6/15
Analytical chemists work to improve the reliability of existing techniques to meet the demands for better chemical measurements which arise constantly in our society.
对食物而言，必须分析其中的污染物（比如杀虫剂残 留）和必要的营养成分（如维生素含量）。
2020/6/15
The air in cities must be analyzed for carbon monoxide.
对城市空气而言，必须分析其中的一氧化碳含量。
2020/6/15
Blood glucose must be monitored in diabetics (and, in fact, most diseases; are diagnosed by chemical analysis).
这门学科的发展已跨越了纯化学的界限，许多人已提 倡使用“分析科学”来描述该领域。
2020/6/15
This term is used in a National Sciences Foundation report from workshops on “Curricular Developments in the Analytical Sciences.”
The above description of analytical chemistry provides an overview of the discipline of analytical chemistry .
通过以上描述可以对分析化学这门学科有大致的了解。
2020/6/15