高考英语二轮综合复习专题- -定语从句

as引导的定语从句 【典例8】 The air quality in the city，________ is shown in
the report，has improved over the past two months.
A．that B．it C．as D．what 解析 句意：正如报告中所表明的，城市空气质量在过 去两个月里已经得到改善。考查由as引导的非限制性定语 从句。分析题干可知，is shown in the report是非限制性 定语从句，因为代词that，it和what不能引导非限制性定 语从句，所以排除A、B和D项，答案为C项。 答案 C
1．As a child，Jack studied in a village school，________ is named after his grandfather. A．which B．where C．what D．that 解析 句意：小时候，杰克在一所乡村学校读书，那所 学校是以他祖父的名字命名的。本题考查非限制性定语 从句。先行词是a village school，代入定语从句后为： The village school is named after his grandfather.由此可 见先行词在定语从句中作主语，且该从句为非限制性定 语从句，故用which引导。 答案 A
结子结构可知第二个逗号后是一个非限制性 定语从句，排除A项；定语从句缺主语，排除C、D两项； 先行词是空格前的内容，所以B为正确答案。 答案 B
3．They've won their last three matches，________ I find a bit surprising actually. A．that B．when C．what D．which 解析 句意：他们已经赢得了最后三场比赛，我发现这 确实有点令人惊讶。考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是 前面整个句子，which引导非限制性定语从句，并在定语 从句中作find的宾语。 答案 D
7．—What do you think of teaching，Bob? —I find it fun and challenging.It is a job ________ you are doing something serious but interesting. A．where B．which C．when D．that 解析 考查关系代词的选用。where引导定语从句修饰 job，where相当于in which(in the job)。句意：——我认为 它有趣并且充满挑战。它是一项严肃而有趣的工作。 答案 A
1．whose引导的定语从句 whose 在 定 语 从 句 中 作 定 语 ， 后 面 要 接 名 词 ， 其 含 义 是 “(先行词)的……”。whose既可以指人也可以指物。 (1)表示物时相当于“the＋名词＋of＋which”或“of＋ which＋the＋名词”。 (2)表示人时相当于“the＋名词＋of＋whom”或“of＋ whom＋the＋名词”。
2．whose引导的定语从句与并列句的区别 whose引导的定语从句易与含有物主代词its，their的并列 句混淆。如： China has the 3rd longest river in the world，whose name is the Yangze River.(定语从句) China has the 3rd longest river in the world，and its name is the Yangze River.(并列句)
5．That's the new machine ________ parts are too small to be seen.
A．that B．which C．whose D．what 解析 考查定语从句的关系词。代替指物的先行词the new machine，且在从句中作定语，所以用whose。句 意：那是台新机器，它的零件小得都看不到。 答案 C
6．It's helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves differently. A．that B．when C．which D．where 解析 where相当于in which(in the situation)。句意：把 孩子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角度认识自己的环境 中对他们是有益的。 答案 D
关系代词which引导的定语从句
【典例1】 That evening，________ I will tell you more about later，I ended up working very late. A．that B．which C．what D．when
解析 句意：稍后我会告诉你更多关于那晚的事，结果是那 晚我工作到很晚。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为 that evening，将先行词代入定语从句后为：I will tell you more about that evening later.由此可见先行词在定语从句中 作about的宾语，且表示“物”，故用which引导。本题易误 选D项，考生只看到先行词为表示时间的名词，但没有注意 先行词在定语从句中的功能。 答案 B
A．who B．whose C．whom D．which 解析 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我想感谢Smith教 授，没有他的帮助我不会取得这样的成绩。从句中的 help是名词，与Professor Smith是所属关系，故用whose。 答案 B
【典例5】 The old temple ________ roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair. A．where B．which C．its D．whose 解析 考查定语从句。先行词The old temple和定语从句 中的主语roof是所属关系，所以要用关系代词作定语。关 系 代 词 作 定 语 时 可 用 “ whose ＋ n.” ， “ the ＋ n. ＋ of which”或“of which＋the＋n.”三种结构，此题中采用 的是第一种结构。若用另外两种结构，应该是the roof of which或of which the roof。 答案 D
Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers where consumer complains have resulted in changes in the law.(where＝in the cases)消费者的抱怨导致法律的改变的案 例将在本章稍后向读者介绍。 这些不是地点胜似“地点”的名词的归属问题即当不当“地 点”看是解答这类定语从句的关键。
【典例3】 The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. A．in it B．in C．in that D．in which 解析 句意：那所我在里面长大的房子已经被拆掉，取 而代之的是一座办公大楼。此题考查定语从句。从句中 的谓语动词为不及物动词短语，省去的关系代词 that/which在定语从句中作介词in的宾语，in the house在 定语从句中作地点状语。 答案 B
2．After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，________ turned out to be a wise decision.
A．that B．which C．when D．where 解析 句意：大学毕业之后，我花费了一段时间去旅游，
4．The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination. A．that B．which C．whose D．what 解析 考查定语从句。先行词the writer与定语从句的主 语story之间为所属关系，因此用关系代词whose引导定 语从句。 答案 C
【典例7】 Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator， ________ it will keep for two or three weeks. A．when B．which C．where D．while 解析 考查定语从句。句意：无论剩下什么东西，都可以放入 冰箱中，在那儿可以保存两三个星期。“where it will keep for two or three weeks”是定语从句，关系副词where在从句中作 地点状语。 答案 C
【典例9】 A lot of language learning，________ has been discovered，is happening in the first year of life，so parents should talk much to their children during that period.
where引导的定语从句
【典例6】 Sales director is a position ________ communication ability is just as important as sales skills. A．which B．that C．when D．where 解析 where引导定语从句并在从句中作状语，相当于in which，即in the position。 答案 D
不是地点胜似“地点”——“模糊化的地点”要用关系副词 where 高考试题中对于where的考查趋于复杂，从先行词为明显的 “地点”转为“模糊化的地点”。事实上，对于where这个 词不能只理解为表地点。当先行词是表示某物的 situation/case，到了何种地步(point)，或某事物所发展的阶 段stage，或表达某事的某个方面(scene)时，都可用where。 They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.他们已经到了必须分手的地步。