高中英语语法现在分词 v-ing
动词的ing形式作状语的高考考查热点归纳
动词的ing形式作状语的高考考查热点归纳动词的ing形式可表示时间、原因、结果、伴随、让步、方式等状语。
既是高中的语法重点，也是历年高考英语测试的焦点和热点。
现将近几年高考英语卷对动词的ing形式的考查热点归纳如下：一、V-ing形式表时间【考例】Dina, _____for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took aposition at a local advertising agency. (湖南卷)A. strugglingB. struggledC. having struggled D . to struggle【解析】选C。
考查现在分词短语作时间状语，其逻辑主语Dina与struggle为主动关系，故排除B项。
由句中的finally可知非谓语动词表示的动作发生在句中谓语took a position之前，故用现在分词的完成主动式。
【考例】______ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like thatlittle doll on her bed.（2008北京卷）A. SeeingB. To seeC. SeeD. Seen【解析】选A。
考查现在分词短语作时间状语。
Seeing that…表示的动作和主句的谓语同时。
句意为：“看到她要去睡觉，我问她是否喜欢她床上的那个小娃娃”。
二、V-ing 形式表原因【考例】____that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into theforest.（2008浙江卷）A. Not realizedB. Not to realizeC. Not realizingD. Not to have realized【解析】选C。
考查V-ing形式表原因作状语。
主句主语Eric与realize 构成主谓关系，因此用realizing, 否定not放在最前面。
高中英语语法现在分词 v-ing
2. Doing easily what others find difficult is talent; doing what is impossible for talent is genius.
来 源
不费吹灰之力做好常人觉得困难 的事是能人；做好能人难以完成的 事是天才。
网 友 提
3. One’s words reflect one’s thinking.
停止做 停下来做
试着做 尽力(设法)做
stop doing stop to do
try doing try to do go on doing
regret to do
regret to say / tell / inform (sb) that … 继续干同一件事 mean doing 接着干另一件事 mean to do can’t help doing 忍不住做 不能帮助做 can’t help （to） do 意味着 打算做
2. 含有介词 to 的短语动词接 -ing
盼望 注意 习惯于 导致，通向 致力于 坚持 反对 开始做某事 对…作出贡献 look forward to… pay attention to… be / get used to… lead to… devote …to… stick to… (insist on) object to… get down to… make contributions to…
go on to do
6.作“ 需要 ” 解时， 其后必须用v-ing的 主动形式表示被动含义。 need / want / require doing = need / want / require to be done
1. Tom’s not being invited to the party surprised us all. But he himself didn’t mind not being invited at all. 2. Tom’s being late made his teacher angry. Would you mind my (me) sitting down for a while? What made our teacher angry was Tom’s being late. V-ing 形式的否定形式： not doing
人教版高中英语【必修四】[动词ing形式作表语-定语和宾语补足语
人教版高中英语必修四知识点梳理重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习动词ing形式作表语，定语和宾语补足语概念引入：The music they are playing sounds so exciting .We watched three boys sharing their food with eachOur job is playing all kinds of music .`The girl singing now is a classmate of mine语法讲解【356774 ，非谓语动词之-ing形式，非谓语动词之ing形式】非谓语动词中的ing形式包括两种：一种是动名词，另外一种是现在分词。
•基本形式：》1、-ing形式作表语1) -ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的具体内容(身份、性质或情况)。
如：Her hobby is painting.她的业余爱好是画画。
My job is looking after the children.我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。
2) –ing用来表示主语所具有的特征，如：His concern for his mother is most touching."他对母亲的关爱很感人。
His words are encouraging.他的话很鼓舞人。
2、-ing形式作定语1). 说明被修饰名词的作用和用途，如：building materials= materials for building 建筑材料drinking water*= water for drinking 饮用水a reading room= a room for reading 阅览室2). 说明被修饰名词的作用和用途，如：tiring music= music that is tiring 烦人的音乐a surprising result= a result that is surprising,一个惊人的结果3). 表示被修饰名词正在进行的动作，如：正在做实验的那个学生是我们的班长。
现在分词(V-ing)作定语和状语
现在分词(V-ing)作定语和状语语法聚焦(现在分词作定语和状语)课前预习案学习建议：根据所列例句，理解并尝试总结现在分词在句子中的用法。
动词--ing形式作定语和状语I.ing 形式作定语1. 现在分词作前置定语时，在逻辑上与所修饰的名词之间为主谓关系，也可改成定语从句；如果与所修饰的名词之间没有主谓关系，定语相当于一个介词for引导的短语。
现在分词位于所修饰的名词之后做后置定语，与所修饰的名词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。
如：a listening child= a child who is listening, a walking stick= a stick for walking.2. 现在分词作定语往往表示“令人……”，主动的或正在进行的动作。
如：a moving film, a developing country.II. ing 形式作状语动词-ing形式在句子中做状语，表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语动词表示的动作或状态是同时或者几乎同时发生的，经常可以做时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步状语从句。
句子的主语必须是状语的逻辑主语；而且主语与作状语的分词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系。
1.原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。
1).Being ill, she didn’t go to school today.因为生病，她今天没上学去。
2). Seeing no one at home, I decided to come again.看见没有人在家，我决定再来一趟。
2. 时间状语，相当于when, while等引导的从句。
1).Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy.当听到这个好消息时，他高兴地跳了起来。
2).Walking in the street, I saw a friend of mine.当我走在街上时，我看到了我的朋友。
高中英语 高考冲刺语法专题6：非谓语动词-ing(教师版)
解题方法：先看选项，AC是谓语BD是非谓语
第二个题目是并列句，所以前后是两个句子，and之前的句子缺的就是谓语动词，又由had决定了是过去时，所以用was
第一道题目，前后两部分之间用逗号分开，所以不是并列句，所以前一部分是后一部分的状语，也就不是句子，所以选非谓语，用being
2．The girl ______ in a red coat is Mary.
观察下列从reading中选取的句子，注意分析V-ing形式作的句子成分。
1.Since then,finding waysto grow more rice has been his life goal.
2.However, he doesn’t care aboutbeing famous.
3.He enjoyslistening to violin music, playing mahjong, swimming and reading.
suggest建议resist抵制dislike不喜欢fancy设想;想象
2.接动名词作宾语的短语:
put off推迟insist on坚持feel like想要depend /rely on依靠
object to反对lead to导致succeed in成功做……be worth值得
devote...to...献身于…… look forward to期盼owing to归因于give up放弃
4.Justdreamingfor things, however, costs nothing.
自我总结：1,4划线部分作主语; 2,3划线部分作宾语;
概述：动词-ing形式具有名词性质，可在句中担任主语，宾语，表语，定语，宾补和状语，但不能单独作谓语。
语法选修课--高中英语-非谓语动词-A篇
英语非谓语动词精讲2.非谓语动词的变化形式Infinitive (不定式)不定式的根本形式to-infinitive bare-infinitive1. 作主语1)不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作,尤其是未发生的行为动作。
2)不定式做主语可直接位于句首,但当主语较长时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。
It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages.常见句型构造：a)It is＋形容词＋不定式It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only.b)It i＋名词＋不定式It is important for us young people to learn English and master it.c)It takes/needs/requires(sb.)some time(determination, energy,patience...)＋不定式It takes me three hours to learn English each day.2. 作宾语1)不定式作宾语不定式常在以下动词后面作宾语：afford,agree,aim,apply,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,beg ,care,choose,claim, ,dare,demand,decide,d esire,determine,expect,fail,hope,hesitate,intend,learn,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,ref use,seek,tend,threaten,want,wish等。
2)在“主语＋动词＋it＋宾补＋不定式〞构造,it作形式宾语:We found it impossible to get everything ready in time.I think it important to learn English well in college.使用这种句型的常见动词有：believe,consider,declare,feel,find,guess,imagine,make,prove,realize,suppose,think,等。
高中英语语法-V+ing用法详解资料
It’s a waste of time thinking hard about the past.
②It +be +a waste of time doing…做…是浪费时间
The book is worth reading.
③It +be +worth doing …做… 值得
There is no harm in doing so.
promise
两个要求莫拒绝 demand; ask; refuse
设法学会做决定 不要假装在选择
manage; learn; decide pretend ; choose
想要拒绝命令 want ; refuse ; order ,
需要努力学习,need; try ; learn 期望同意帮助 expect ; agree ; help 希望决定开始。hope ; wish ; decide ;begin ;start
小结：
1．特征： 单个的动词-ing形式作主语，谓语动词用单数。 2.句型：
1）doing 作主语句型： Doing …. + V + O 2）但有些含有动名词的句型，为避免句子主语
太长，通常用it作形式主语，-ing形式作真正 的主语。下面列举几种最常见的句型： Eg. It’s no use crying over spilt （倾倒出）milk. ① It +be +no good /use doing…做…无益 /无用
高中英语语法-V+ing用法详解
三.特征
1.动词的-ing形式具有名词、形容词和副词等词的 特点.
2. 动词的-ing形式由动词变来,所以保留了动词的 某些特征,如它可以有自己的宾语,状语等.
高中英语语法—非谓语动词 V-ing形式(word版_含答案)
4、非谓语动词(1)V-ing 形式一、V －ing 形式的用法1、作主语：动名词Teaching is my full-time job.It’s useless taking this kind of med icine.译：写英文的作文不容易。
Writing an English composition is not easy.2、作表语：动名词、现在分词均可（注意二者用法区别）译：我的任务是帮你完成这项工程。
My task is helping you finish the project我们队被打败的消息令人失望。
The news that our team has been defeated is disappointing.3、作动词或介词的宾语：动名词I have just finished doing my home work.We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。
Lock the doors and windows before going out.★ to 在下列短语中是介词，常跟动名词作宾语。
be/get used to look forward to get down to pay attention to devote oneself tolead tomake a contribution toobject to （反对）★ 常见接动名词作宾语的动词 stick to避免，错过，（少）延期 avoid, miss, postpone/put off建议，完成，（多）练习 suggest/doing, finish, practice喜欢，想象，禁不住 enjoy, imagine, can’t help承认，否定，（又）妒忌 admit, deny, envy逃避，冒险，（多）原谅 escape, risk, excuse忍受，保持，（不）介意 stand, keep, mind★ 下列词组后常跟动名词give up can’t help feel like be worth be busy set about put offthink ofinsist on★ 常见可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动词remember/forget/ regret to do 动作尚未发生doing 动作已经发生try to do 努力、尽力去做（1）动名词My job is teaching.= Teaching is my job.Her full-time job is laying eggs.=Laying eggs is her full-time job.（2）现在分词 The play is exciting. ≠ Exciting is the play. The story he told us was very interesting. ≠Interesting was the story he told us.doing 尝试做（看看有何结果）meanto do 打算做（主语常常是人）doing 意味着（主语常常是物）stop/go on to do 停下（继续）去做另一件doing 停下（继续）正在做的事译：露西不介意把她的MP3借给你。
V-ing 详解
必修四 Unit 2---Unit 4 语法详解动名词和现在分词用法解析一、V-ing 形式概念<1> V-ing 形式包括两种:①动名词：具有名词特征,在句子中可作主语,宾语,表语,定语等.②现在分词: 具有形容词和副词特征,在句子中可作定语、状语、表语、宾补Speaking in the public , he will surely be very cheerful .〔现在分词短语,作状语〕他在公众场所讲话时总是兴高采烈的.She hates speaking in the public. 〔动名词短语,作宾语〕她不喜欢在公众场所讲话.Feeling the lesson boring, the students are sleepy.There are many sleeping students in class.Seeing is believing.I suggest going shopping tomorrow.The lesson is boring.<2> 动词ing时态与否认形式①V-ing 一般式表示这个动作正在进展或与谓语表示的动作同时发生.Eg: They went out of the classroom, talking and laughingThe large building Array being built is alibrary.② Ving完成式:强调这个的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前完成Eg: Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well.Eg: Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library.③动词ing的否认形式在ing的前面加not 或never的否认副词Not knowing how to find the subway, I asked a policeman for help.Never have been to Beijjing before, she felt at a loss where to go.二、动名词详解〔1〕动名词作主语Reading French is easier than speaking it. 阅读法文比讲法语容易.Talking to him is talking to a wall. 和他说话等于对牛弹琴.注意：1. 动名词作主语,有时用it作形式主语,把动名词主语放在句子后面It's nice seeing you again. 再次见到你太好了.It was tiring driving from morning till night. 从早到晚开车很累人.用it作形式主语,动名词短语位于之后,常用于一些固定句型中,如：It +be +a waste of time doing 做……是浪费时间的It is no good/use doing 做……是没用处的It ishardly/scarcely worth doing 做……不值得It is worth/worthwhile doing 做……是值得的注意区别：在It’s important … / It’s necessary … / It’s advisable …这类句型中,只能用不定式,如：It’s important to learn foreign languages.It’s quite necessary to read it many times.2."There is + no〞后可以用动名词作主语There was no knowing what he could do. 他能做什么很难说.There was no arguing with her. 没法和她争论.常见的固定句型如下：There is no doing 无法……There is no sense in doing 做……没有道理There is no use doing 干……无意义There is nothing worse than doing 没有比……更糟的There is no point doing 干……无意义注意：There is no need to do sth 没必要做...没有必要告诉她.__________________________________3. 动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别：动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作,不定式如此通常表示具体的动作.As a child,she felt that _________________ was a duty and a pleasure．还是个孩子的时侯,她就觉得探视病人是一种责任,也是一种愉悦.____________ in an American home will be a good experience for me.到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历.（2）动名词作宾语动名词作宾语有两种情况.一是动词后接动名词作宾语,二是介词后接动名词作宾语①只能接动名词作宾语的动词,常见的有avoid,consider,enjoy,keep,finish,suggest,dislike,escape,cannothelp,imagine,mind,miss,cannot stand等.如：1>我不能不去.I can’t avoid going．2>你是否考虑过找一位挚友? Have you considered __________ one special friend3>我们必须设法防止犯<mit>同样的错误. We must try to _____________ the same mistake．4>人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人.People _________________________ foolish man．②既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词,常见的有：begin,start,continue,like,love,prefer,by,mean,forget,remember,hate等.注意：1. 在like,love,hate,prefer等动词之后,用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同,只是侧重点有些不同,动名词表示泛指的动作,不定式表示具体的一次性动作.2. 在动词forget,remember,regret之后,用动名词与不定式意义不同.如：remember to do 记得去做 remember doing 记得做过I’ll remember to post the letter．我会记着去寄信的.I remember posting the letter．我记得我已把信寄了.forget to do 忘了去做 forget doing 忘了做过Don’t forget to write to your mother．__________________________________________I shall never forget seeing the famous writer．________________________________try to do <设法做>try doing <试试做>1>我们必须设法与时把一切搞好. We must try to get everything done in time．2>我们用别的方法做这工作试试.Let’s try doing the working in some other way．mean to do 打算做,有意要做mean doing <意味着做>I didn’t mean to make you angry．______________________________In Beijing, missing a bus means waiting for another hour. ______________________________ go on to do <接着做另一件事> go on doing继续做一直在做的事1> 请接着做这同一个练习.______ the same exercise．2> 请做另外一个练习.________________ the other exercise．stop to do <停下正在干的事去干另一件事> stop doing<停止做>我们停止了交谈.________________________________我们停了下来去谈话.___________________3. 在表需要类动词,如need, want, require, 可用动名词主动形式表被动形式Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了.〔= want to be cut〕The floor requires washing. 地板需要冲洗.〔= requires to be washed〕My house needs painting. 我的房子需要油漆一下. 〔=need to be painted〕作介词宾语.I insist on taking proper food fort his expedition．我坚持为这次出行带足需要的食物. We’ve got to think of ways of changing people’s habits. 我们得想些法子改变人们的习惯.我向你道歉,刚刚对你那样生气.I apologize __________________ so angry with you.离开几年之后再回到你生长的地方,感觉有点怪.__________ away for several years,it is a strange experience to return to the place you were born and brought up．（3）动名词作表语Her hobby is painting. 她的爱好是绘画.Her job was tending the sheep. 她的工作是放羊.〔4〕动名词作定语动名词作定语,表示其所修饰名词的性质,或用途或功能,如：building materials = materials for building 建筑材料a walking stick = a stick for walking 手杖a reading room = a room for reading 阅览室a writing desk = a desk for writing 写字台三、现在分词详解（1）现在分词作定语现在分词作定语表示其所修饰的名词的动作,即: 现在分词与其所修饰的名词在逻辑上具有主谓关系.通常能改为一个定语从句.如：developing countries 开展中国家a falling star 流星主要报纸 a running manThe man running inthe picture is Liu Xiang.= The man who is runningin the picture is Liu Xiang.注意：1. 单个现在分词作定语修饰名词一般置于名词之前,现在分词词组修饰名词如此置于名词之后此时相当于一个定语从句2. 动名词和现在分词都可以用作定语来修饰名词,两者的区别在于: 动名词修饰名词时主要表示该名词的用途,而现在分词修饰名词时性质､状态或动作等｡试比拟:①a swimming boy"一个正在游泳的男孩〞,即a boy who is swimminga swimming suit "游泳衣〞,即a suit for swimming②a sleeping child "一个正在睡觉的孩子〞,即a child who is sleepinga sleeping car "卧车<被用来睡觉的车厢>〞,即 a car which is used for sleeping（2）现在分词作表语现在分词作表语通常表示主语的属性和特征,相当于形容词,含有"令人...",其主语通常是物.The news is encouraging. 这消息令人鼓舞.This story is very interesting. 这个故事很有趣.Your journey in Kenya is really exciting.What you did was disappointing.The nightmare I had last night was very frightening.注意：动名词和现在分词都可以用于系动词之后作表语,区别方法是:①作表语的动名词与主语指的是同一件事,此时系动词相当于"是〞,通常把主语和表语的位置互换,语法和意思不变,例如: My hobby is swimming.可改为Swimming is my hobby.<可将原句中的主语与表语位置互换>②现在分词作表语主要用以说明主语的性质,不能与主语互换位置,例如: The story is interesting .不可改为:Interesting is the story.〔3〕现在分词作状语.现在分词与其短语可以用作状语,表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等.其动作可能发生在谓语之前或之后,也可能与谓语动词的动作同时发生.Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a magnificent view.我们爬到塔顶后,看到了一片壮丽的景象.〔表时间〕Living in the country, we had few social engagements.我们住在乡下,交际的机会很少.〔表原因〕Having money, he will buy a bigger car.〔表条件〕Knowing the secret, she would not tell me about it..〔表让步〕The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it.那孩子跌倒了,头碰在门上碰破了.〔表结果〕He stood leaning against the wall. 他靠墙站着.〔表方式或伴随情况〕〔4〕现在分词用作宾语补语常见的带现在分词作补语的动词有：①表示感觉的动词,如：smell, observe, watch, notice, look at, listen to 等.I heard the girl singing in the classroom.I noticed a long queue outside the bankwaiting for it to open.The baby watched his dad shaving his face with great interest.②某些使役动词,如have, set, get, catch, keep, leave等We found him waiting to receive us. 我们发现他等着欢迎我们.We kept the fire burning all the time. 我们使火一直燃烧着.注意：现在分词作宾补与不定式做宾补的区别.现在分词：动作正在进展；不定式：动作的全过程.I heard her singing a song just now. <正在进展的动作>I heard her sing a song just now.<听见全过程>四、现在分词使用的特殊情况〔1〕做独立成分情况有些分词可以独立存在,在句中没有逻辑上的主语,作为习惯用法.这些短语有：generally/frankly speaking 一般来说/坦白来说judging from/by 由....来判断taking all things into consideration从各方面来说eg:Generally speaking,girls are more interested in literature than boys.Judging from his accent, he is a new er.〔2〕被用作介词或连词的分词：supposing providing/provided 假设,假设,设想considering认为concerning/regarding 关于according to 按照talking of 谈到 speaking of 说到Eg: Supposing he won't pass the exam, what should he do ?According to his report, the situation is getting serious.五、动名词和现在分词练习〔1〕动名词1. No one enjoys_______at.A. laughing B. to laugh C. being laughed D. to be laughed 2. You must do something to prevent your house_______ .A. to be broken in B. from being broken inC. to break in D. from breaking in 3. They insisted on_______another chance to try.A. given B. giving C. being given D. to be given4. —Where is my passport? I remember_______it here.—You shouldn't have left it here. Remember_______it with you all the time.A. to put; to take B. putting ;taking C. putting ;to take D. to put ;taking 5. His room needs_______, so he must have it.A. painting; painted B. painted; paintingC. painting; painting D. painted; painted 6. After finishing his homework he went on_______a letter to his parents.A.write B.writing C.wrote D.to write 7. The young trees we planted last week require_______with great care.A. looking after B. to look after C. to be looked after D. taken good care of 8. Only_______English doesn't mean_______the language.A.to learn; to learn B.learning; learningC.learning about; learn D.learning about; learning 9. She returned home only to find the door open and something_______.A.missed B.to be missing C.missing D.to be missed 10. She decided to devote herself_______the problem of old age.A.to study C.to studying D.study 11. Remember_______the newspaper when you have finished it. A.putting back B.put back C.to put back D.be put back 12. As she is looking forward to_______from me, please remember______this letter on your way to school.A.hear; post B.hearing; to post C.be heard; posting D.be hearing; to posting 13. Grandma said that she had a lot of trouble_______your handwriting.A.to read B.to see C.reading C.in seeing 14. Writing stories and articles_______what I enjoy most.A.is B.are C.was D.were 15. Weappreciate_______us to the ball.A. them to invite B. to invite C. their inviting D. being invited 16. Would you mind_______quiet for a moment? I'm trying_______a form.A. keeping; filling out B. to keep; to fill outC. keeping; to fill out D. to keep; filling out 17. He was afraid_______for being late.A.of seeing B.of being seen C.to be seen D.to have seen 18. I'd like to suggest_______the meeting till next week.A. to put off B. putting off C. put off D. to be put off 19. I don't see how I could possiblymanage_______the work without .A. finish; helpingB. to finish; being helpedC. finishing; helpingD. finishing; being helped20. Anything worth_______is worthy of_______well.A.doing; being done B. doing; doingC. to be done; to be done D. to be done; being done 21. We advised them to take a rest, but they insisted_______the work.A.finish B.to finish C.in finishing D.on finishing22. I delayed_______your letter because I had been away for a week.A.answer B.answeringC.writingD.to post 23. The thief drove as fast as he could to escape_______by the police.A.to be caught B.he caught C.being caught D.catching 24. I searched for my wallet and it wasn't there. At first, I thought I_______it at home. Then Iremembered_______it out to pay for the taxi.A.must have left; to take B.may leave; takingC.might leave; to take D.could have left; taking 25. _______the news of his father's death, he burst into tears.A.After hearing B.On hearing C.While hearing D.Having heared 26. _______his mother, the baby could not help.A.To see; to laugh B.Seeing; to laughC. Seeing; laughing D.To see; laughing 27. It's no use_______so much money on clothes.A.spend B.spent C.spending D.being spent 28. The sentenceneeds_______.A.improve B.a improvement C.improving D.improved 29. If hesucceeded_______a job, his children wouldn't be suffering from hungernow.A.to find B.to look for C.in finding D.in looking for 30. I still remember_______to my home town when I was young.A.taking B.taken C.being taken D.to take1-5 CBCCA 6-10.DADCC11-15.CBCAC16-20.CBBBA 21-25.DBCDB CCC〔2〕现在分词1. The old farmer,________ the badly-injured and wounded soldier, came out of theburning house, ________for help.A. supporting; callingB. supported by; calledC. being supported by; calledD. being supporting; called 2. --- Oh, it’s already a quarter past six. What shall we do at the meeting this evening? ---- We’ll go on with the matter________ this afternoon. A. be discussedB. being discussing C. discussed D. which discussed 3. The brave mandied,________ his young wife nothing but a________ cottage. A. left; breakingB. leaving; broken C. left; brokenD. to leave; breaking 4. ________hard before, Tom is afraid of failing in the exam. A. Having been workedB. Not to have worked C. Having never workedD. Never have worked 5.________the exam, the boy was punished by his father. A. No passingB. Having passed C. Not passingD. Not having passed 6. Time________, I can have done it better. A. permit B. be permitted C. permitting D. to permit 7.________, the boy couldn’t enter his house.A. Since the key has lostB. The key been lostC. Lost the keyD. Having lost the key 8.________into many languages, the story is well known all over the world now. A. Being translated B. Having translated C. To be translatedD. Having been translated 9. _____for the terrible accident, as the public thought, the mayor felt nervous and was at a loss what to do.A. Having blamedB. To blameC. Being to be blameD. Being to blame 10. ___from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.A. SufferedB. To sufferC. Having sufferedD. Being suffered 11. ________from what he said, he must be the thief who has stolen the car. A. Judging B. Judged C. To judge D. Judge 12. ________with fright, a hungry fox hid himself in a small cave, ________his tail to the rain.A. Trembling; exposingB. Trembled; exposedC. Trembled; exposingD. Trembling; exposed13. Many teachers were praised at the meeting, Mr. Zhou________. A. including B. being including C. to include D. included 14. ----Who were those people with the flags? ----A group________itself the League of Peace. A. calls B. calling C. called D. being called 15. ________you the truth, she knows nothing about it. A. Tell B. Telling C. To tell D. Told 16. We slept with the light________ all night long last night. A. burnt B. to burn C. being burnt D. burning 17. Linda can’t attend the party________ at Tom’s house at present because she is preparing a speech for the party________ at Marie’s house tomorrow. A. being held; to be heldB. to be held; held C. held; being heldD. to be held; to be held 18. The situation is more ________than ever. I’m ________about what to do next.A. puzzled; puzzledB. puzzling; puzzlingC. puzzling; puzzledD. puzzled; puzzling 19. When________ that it was getting late, I put off the light and went to bed.A. findB. findingC. foundD. to find 20. ________her mother had e, her face lit up. A. Hearing B. Having heard C. When hearing D. When she heard 21. Daddy didn’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, _______fun.A. hadB. haveC. to haveD. having22. Don't leave the water _____ while you brush your teeth.A. runB. runningC. being runD. to run23. The picture _________ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A.having hung D.being hung24. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise _______.A. going onB. goes onC. went onD. to go on 25. ______from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other countryin the world.A.Being separatedB. Having separatedC. Having been separatedD. To be separated 26. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found______in the kitchen.A.smokeB. smokingC. to smokeD. Smoked27. He sent me an , _______ to get further information.A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hopekey: 1-5. ACBCD 6-10 CDDDC 11-15 AADBC 16-20 DACBD 21-27 DBBACBB。
高中英语语法专项精讲-非谓语动词讲解
非谓语动词非谓语动词包括不定式(to do)、动名词(－ing)、现在分词(－ing)与过去分词(－ed)。
它们不受主语人称和数的限制，动词不定式定义：动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语。
1. 不定式的一般式：一般式表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态的同时或之后。
当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动式(to be done).eg: He seemed to be tired. The building to be finished next month is for our teachers.2. 不定式的进行式：进行式表示动作正在进行，与谓语的动作同时发生。
e.g. When I went to his home, he happened to be traveling around the world.3. 不定式的完成式：如果不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示动作或状态之前，就用完成式；若是在此基础上的被动含义，就用完成被动式( to have been done).e.g. He is said to have written a novel about the Long March.He is said to have been taught French when he was a child.4. 不定式的完成进行式：如果不定式的动作是在谓语所表示的时间之前一直在进行或有可能继续进行的动作，就要用完成进行式.eg: We’re happy to have been working with the experts all the month.二、不定式的用法：1. 不定式做主语：不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。
而动名词doing 表示习惯的，经常的动作。
人教版高中英语-语法-V ing用法详解
V-ing 的时态和语态：
主动语态
被动语态
肯定
否定
肯定
否定
一 般 doing 式
完 成 having done 式
not doing
being done
not being done
not having done having been done not having been done
not any use
not any good
useless
+ doing
③ There is no + doing…
易混辨析：
动名词作主语与不定式作主语
一般来说，所作成分相同时，动名词多表一般的、抽象的行为；不定式 一般表一次性、具体的行为。
Delivering newspapers is his job.
他们不喜欢走那么多路。
Prep+doing
look forward to（渴望，盼望） be responsible for（对…负责） think of（考虑，想到） object to（反对，抗议） keep…from（防止，阻止） be engaged in（从事于） excuse…for（因…而道歉） devote…to（献身于） be/get used to（习惯于） be afraid of（害怕） succeed in（成功地做）
这种事开不得玩笑。
There is no littering about.
不许乱扔杂物。
There is no holding back the wheel of history.
高中英语语法独立主格结构知识点总结
高中英语语法独立主格结构知识点总结高中英语语法独立主格结构知识点总结在高中英语语法学习中，独立主格结构是一个比较重要的概念。
独立主格结构是英语中的一种非常常见的语法结构。
学生们掌握了这种语法结构，可以更有效地理解和运用英语，提高英语写作和表达能力。
本文将从什么是独立主格结构，独立主格结构的形式和使用方法，以及独立主格结构的注意事项三个方面来对独立主格结构进行总结。
一、什么是独立主格结构独立主格结构是英语中的一种短语结构，一般由名词或代词+ v-ing, v-ed, v-en 等过去分词/现在分词构成，作状语，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果等状况。
独立主格结构不需要和主语、谓语、宾语相互连接，可以单独存在于一个句子中，用来修饰整个句子或表示附加的信息。
通常用逗号将独立主格结构与整个句子隔开。
例如：- 听到这个消息，他非常惊讶。
Hearing the news, he was very surprised.- 天气很晴朗，阳光明媚，大道上行人如织。
The weather is sunny, the sun is shining, and the pedestrians on the avenue are crowded.二、独立主格结构的形式和使用方法独立主格结构通常由名词或代词和动词-ing, -ed, -en等过去分词/现在分词构成，这种结构在英语中较为常见，经常用于表达附加的信息，并且在句子中常常被用作修饰语。
独立主格结构在英语写作中通常用来丰富文章的表达形式和简明表达。
例如：- 看到这张照片，我一下子就想到了我那些美好的回忆。
Seeing this picture, I was immediately reminded of my happy memories.- 考虑到这个问题非常复杂，我们需要更多的时间来解决它。
Considering that the problem is very complex, we need more time to solve it.值得注意的是，独立主格结构要注意它的使用方法。
第04讲 动词ing形式作宾语和表语(解析版)【暑假自学课】2023年新高二英语
第04讲动词ing形式作宾语和表语1．了解动词ing形式作宾语和表语的概念和用法。
2．可以根据本节课的内容来完成一些习题。
关于动词ing形式的基本情况(1)．动词ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，包括现在分词和动名词两种。
动词ing形式在句中的语法作用：动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语和定语。
(2)．动词ing形式的时态和语态。
Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。
Having studied his lessons very hard, he passed the exam.努力学习了功课, 他通过了考试。
The building being built now will be finished next month.正在建设的建筑物下个月将完工。
Having been laughed at for his lameness, the boy became shy and inhibited.那男孩因跛脚被人讥笑, 变得羞怯。
【归纳用法】动词ing形式作表语1、v-ing形式作表语，表示主语的内容是什么。
Their job is building houses.The real question is getting to know the needs of the people.2、v-ing形式作表语，表示主语所具有的特征。
This story is very interesting.答案第1页，共2页The problem is quite puzzling.3、注意：分词作表语有两种情况一种是-ing形式作表语，一种是-ed形式作表语。
-ing形式用来描述事物的特征，表示“令人...的”，-ed形式用来描述人的感受，表示“感到...的”。
如：exciting 令人激动的excited 兴奋的interesting 使人感兴趣的interested感兴趣的exciting令人激动的excited感到激动的disappointing令人失望的disappointed感到失望的puzzling令人费解的puzzled感到费解的动词ing形式作宾语1、v-ing形式在句中既可以用作动词后面的宾语，也可以用作介词后面的宾语。
高中英语非谓语动词详细讲解
类似的知识点要记牢。
①动词本身意义不变，跟不定式和动名词意义不同
remember to do sth. 记住要做 remember doing sth.记得过去做过 forget to do sth.忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘了已做过的事 ②动词本身意义改变，跟不定式和动名词意义不同
In some parts of London, missing a bus means ____for another hour.
பைடு நூலகம்
A. waiting
B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting
【解析】此题意为“在英国的一些地方，如果错过了公交车就意味着再等一个小 时。”mean doing sth 意为“意味着什么”，mean to do sth 意为“试图、打算做什么”。答案A。
高中英语非谓语动词详细讲解
非谓语动词是高考的重点和热点，也是我们英语学习中所碰到的难点之一。非谓语动词分为三种形式：不定 式，V-ing分词（又分为现在分词和动名词）和过去分词。
视频
to tell you the truth(实话说)，needless to say(不用说)，to be honest/frank(老实说，坦白说)，to be more exact(更确切地 说)，to make things worse (更糟的是)，not to mention…(更不用说)，Generally / Frankly / Roughly speaking (一般说来 / 坦 白说 / 粗略地说)
【解析】want后要跟动词不定式作宾语，sound是连系动词不用被动式，与谓语动词 没有时间的先后，故不可用它的完成式。答案A。
高中英语语法--现在分词作定语讲解与练习
高中英语语法--现在分词作定语+练习语法精析动词的-ing形式既包括动名词又包括现在分词，在英语中使用极其广泛，同时也是高考中的重要考点。
下面就动词的-ing形式在句中作定语总结如下：1．动词的-ing形式作定语在句中通常有两个位置，如果是单个的动词的-ing形式作定语，常放在被修饰词前作前置定语；如果是动词的-ing形式的短语作定语，常放在被修饰词后作后置定语。
如：He is an attacking player.他是一个攻击型的运动员。
He asked an embarrassing question.他提了一个令人难堪的问题。
A little child learning to walk often falls.学走路的小孩常常跌跤。
Do you know the number of people coming to the party？你知道来参加晚会的人数吗？注意：当v.-ing形式作后置定语时，可以相当于相应的定语从句。
如：①表示经常性、习惯性动作或现在(当时)的状态(变为定语从句时多用一般现在时态或一般过去时态)。
The factory making these pens is a small one.→The factory which/that makes these pens is a small one.制造这些钢笔的工厂很小。
We lived in a room facing the south.→We lived in a room which/that faced the south.我们住在一个朝南的房间里。
②表示正在进行的动作(变为定语从句时要用进行时态)。
The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.→The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。
高中英语语法-V ing用法详解
It’s a waste of time thinking hard about the past.
②It +be +a waste of time doing…做…是浪费时间
The book is worth reading.
③It +be +worth doing …做… 值得
There is no harm in doing so.
关键词：含义 构成 特征 分类 成分 用法 形式 运用
一. 含义
动词的-ing形式是非谓语动词的一种形式，不能单独充当 谓语。 二. 构成 1.构成: 动词原形+-ing 2.规则: ①一般情况，直接+ing; ②以不发音的e结尾，去e+ing; ③以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双 写这个辅音字母再加ing; ④以ie结尾，变ie为y，+ing，例：die，dying；lie，lying.
He likes singing.
He likes to sing.
④ 有些动词后既可以接doing又可以接to do作宾语, 意思上有明显差别：
1)I must remember to take my notebook with me. I remember seeing her somewhere before. remember to do sth. 记得要做某事。 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事。
The girl singing on the stage = The girl who
is singing on the stage.
现在分词与动名词作定语的区别 现在分词单独做定语时，放在所修饰的名词 前 , 说明其修饰名词的动作，性质或特征,它与被修饰 的名词是逻辑上的主动关系，且可以转换成定语 从句；动名词做定语说明被修饰名词的功能或用 前， 途，一般是单个动名词，放在被修饰名词之___ 可以转换成for 短语，表示“供作...之用”。
高中英语语法讲解——非谓语动词
非谓语动词非谓语动词的种类：不定式〔to do〕、动名词〔doing〕、现在分词〔doing〕、过去分词〔V-ed〕不定式：表将来、表目的1. 表示将要发生的动作或即将要做的事。
即表示发生在谓语动作之后的动作。
如：I expect him to arrive tomorrow. 我预计他明天到达。
I hope to catch an early train. 我希望赶上早班火车。
2. 表示同时发生的动作，即表示与谓语动作同时发生或略先于谓语动作的动作。
如：Who heard him say that? 是谁听到他这样说的？(say 与heard 几乎同时发生)3. 表示一般情况，即看不出动作的先后关系，而是表示一种情况或现象。
如：Washing the car seems to be your main hobby. 擦洗汽车似乎是你的主要爱好。
None of her many lovers seemed to want to marry her. 在她的许多情人中似乎没有一个愿意娶她的。
不定式省略to的基本规律一、使役动词后省略to的情况在let, make, have 等使役动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to。
如：My mother wouldn’t let me go to the film. 我妈妈不会让我去看电影的。
I don’t like milk, but mother made me drink it. 我不喜欢牛奶，可是母亲强迫我喝。
注意：当使役动词用于被动语态时，要补上在主动语态中省略的to二、感觉动词后省略to的情况see, hear, observe, notice, feel, watch在感觉动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to。
如：I watched her get into the car. 我看着她上了车I saw the woman enter a bank. 我看见这个女人进了一家银行。
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No Parking
No smoking
No cycling
No cooking
Read the following quotations and idioms. Try to translate them into Chinese.
1. Constant dripping wears away a stone.
1.只能接-ing form作宾语的动词：
avoid , appreciate, admit consider(考虑) delay (推迟), deny( 否认) enjoy , escape（避免）, finish imagine keep mind , miss practise / practice risk(冒险) , resist (抵抗) suggest, understand
V-ing used as Subject
1.Since then , finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. 2. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.
3. Just dreaming for things, however , costs nothing.
1.Saying is easier than doing. 2.Seeing is believing. 3.Doing nothing is doing ill.无所事事，必干坏事 4.Talking mends no holes. 空谈无补
2. Doing easily what others find difficult is talent; doing what is impossible for talent is genius.
来 源
不费吹灰之力做好常人觉得困难 的事是能人；做好能人难以完成的 事是天才。
网 友 提
3. One’s words reflect one’s thinking.
V-ing used as subject 宾语
What does he enjoy doing ?
He enjoys listening to violin music , playing mah-jong ,swimming and reading.
V-ing used as Object
1.As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. 2. Dr. Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields. 3. However, he doesn’t care about being famous. 4. Dr. Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.
be worth doing
e.g. be interested in doing be fond of doing 3.介词+-ing have difficulty / trouble ( in ) doing..
4. allow permit forbid advise
allow permit forbid advise
Describe the picture with V-ing used as object (2)
1.The dog dreams becoming a bird. of_____________________ 2. The dog looks forward to ______________ flying in the sky. 3. We can’t help _______ laughing when we see the dog having such a dream.
2. 含有介词 to 的短语动词接 -ing
盼望 注意 习惯于 导致，通向 致力于 坚持 反对 开始做某事 对…作出贡献 look forward to… pay attention to… be / get used to… lead to… devote …to… stick to… (insist on) object to… get down to… make contributions to…
doing sth.
sb. to do sth.
5.接-ing形式做宾语与接不定式作宾语均可,但含义完全不同的动词: 记得做了 记住要做 忘记做了 忘记要做 后悔做了 遗憾要做 remember doing remember to do forget doing forget to do regret doing 想做 愿意做 feel like doing would like to do
定语 1.At that time , hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside.
现在进行时作谓语 2. Dr. Yuan is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and… 原因状语 3. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before. 现在进行时作谓语
go on to do
6.作“ 需要 ” 解时， 其后必须用v-ing的 主动形式表示被动含义。 need / want / require doing = need / want / require to be done
1. Tom’s not being invited to the party surprised us all. But he himself didn’t mind not being invited at all. 2. Tom’s being late made his teacher angry. Would you mind my (me) sitting down for a while? What made our teacher angry was Tom’s being late. V-ing 形式的否定形式： not doing
停止做 停下来做
试着做 尽力(设法)做
stop doing stop to do
try doing try to do go on doing
regret to do
regret to say / tell / inform (sb) that … 继续干同一件事 mean doing 接着干另一件事 mean to do can’t help doing 忍不住做 不能帮助做 can’t help （to） do 意味着 打算做
The Verb –ing form
动词–ing 形式由动词原形+ –ing 构成。 动词–ing 形式能在句中作主语、宾语、 表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语，但不 能单独作谓语。
V-ing used as subject 主语
What are Yuan Longping’s hobbies?
Listenning to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading are his hobbies.
主语/宾语？
Describe the picture with V-ing used as object (1)
1.It seems that the cat enjoys _____________ drinking beer. very much. 2. The cat is fond of ________________ watching TV. 3. The cat doesn’t care about_____________ becoming fat.
言为心声
4. Success belongs to the persevering(坚持不懈的).
5. A good beginning makes a good ending.
V-ing 形式的被动式：being done
V-ing 形式的复合结构： one’s doing V-ing 形式的完成式:
one’s not doing ( not ) having done
Do you know what these notices mean? Write English words for each of no use crying over spilt milk. 2.It’s no good apologizing to her. 3.It’s a waste of time arguing with her about it. 4.There ‘s no knowing what we can do to help them. ...