高中英语Module1DeepSouthSectionⅡLanguagePointsⅠIntroduction&ReadingandVocabulary教案
高中英语Module1DeepSouthSectionⅡGrammar课件外研版选修
三分之一的学生已经完成了作业，而其他的人还没有完 成。
5．不定式作主语 To learn a foreign language is not so difficult as you think. 学一门外语并不像你想像的那么难。 6．动名词作主语 Watching a film is a pleasure; making one is hard work. 看电影是乐事，制作电影则是苦差。
(5)情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式和分词等形 式。
4．助动词 用来构成各种时态和语态，本身无具体词义，如do, have, be, shall, will, would等。
二、动词的时态
三、动词的语态
Ⅲ.复习主谓一致 谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和数一致，这就叫主谓一 致。主谓一致中要注意语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。注意 以下几种情况： (1)动词不定式、动名词，或者主语从句作主语时，谓语动 词一般用单数形式。
5．It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness ________(make)．
答案：to be made
总结：了解主语的定义和常用形式以及动词的时态等用 法。
02课堂师生共研
语法·讲座 复习主语和动词 Ⅰ.复习主语 一、主语的定义 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体。主语一般位于句首，但在 there be结构、疑问句(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中，主语 位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
2．连系动词 连接主语表示主语身份、性质、状态的动词称为连系动词 (linking verbs)。 (1)常见的表示状态的连系动词有be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, feel, sit, stand, lie, keep, stay等。 (2)常见的表示转变或结果的连系动词有become, get, grow, turn, go, come, fall, prove等。
高中英语Module1DeepSouthSectionⅡGrammar课件外研版选修8
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⑤There were many people outside of the shop.
__w_a_it_in_g___ (wait)
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(2)句型训练 ① ____I_t_is_k_i_n_d_o_f_y_o_u__to__h_el_p_______ me out of trouble. 你太好心了， 帮我摆脱困境。 ②Generally, ___t_h_e_y_o_u_n_g_a_r_e_m__o_re__a_ct_iv_e_____ than the old in such work. 通常在这样的工作中年轻人比老年人更积极。
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The hat looks nice. 那顶帽子看起来不错。 I don't know his name. 我不知道他的名字。 He can play basketball. 他能打篮球。
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(2)按意义分
动 延续性 能持续一段时间的动词， 如 learn, live,
态 动词 work 等
助动词本身无意义， 不能单独作谓语， 和主 要动词构成各种时态、语态和语气的动词形式 以及帮助主要动词构成疑问句、否定句或强调 句， 如 do, have, will 等
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情态动词有一定的词义， 主要用来表示说话 情态动词 人对某一动作或状态的看法， 如 can, may,
must 等
I want two more apples. 我想多要两个苹果。 Without a word, he left. 没说一句话， 他离开了。
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(2)句型训练 ① ____W__h_a_t_h_e_s_a_id__a_t _th_e__m_e_e_ti_n_g______ (他在会议 上说的话) left a deep impression on me. ② D__r_in_k_i_n_g_a_c_u_p__of_w__in_e___ (喝杯葡萄酒) can make me feel relaxed. ③It is difficult ___t_o_le_a_r_n_E__n_gl_is_h__w_e_ll______ (学好 英语) if you don't work hard.
高中英语 Module 1 Deep South Section Ⅱ G
角顿市安康阳光实验学校Module 1 Deep South Section Ⅱ Grammar03 课后演练提能[夯实·基础知识]Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空1. ________(not take) to the seaside for holiday made the boy annoyed.答案：Not having been taken2. It was required that no smoking ________(allow) in the library.答案：be allowed3. It was a waste of your breath ________(try) to persuade them. They will never listen.答案：trying4. I've finally finished my paper and it ________(take) me an entire month.答案：took5. ________ worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.答案：It6. In some parts of the world, tea ________(serve) with milk and sugar.答案：is served7. What we wanted to know ________(be) when and where the meeting was to be held.答案：was8. Every possible means ________(try) already, but none proves effective in solving the problem.答案：has been tried9. As we all know, the Internet, as well as newspapers and TVs, ________(play) an important role in our daily life now.答案：is playing10. To our great relief, the elderly ________(take) good care of in the village since then.答案：have been takenⅡ. 完成句子1. 玛丽病了，使得她的父母一整天不安。
英语：module 1《deep south》英文教案(2)(外研版选修8).doc
英语：Module 1《Deep South》英文教案（2）（外研版选修8）Section 3 Words and Expressions from Module 1 Deep Southstate n. a condition or way of being that exists at a particular time, 状况，状态，情况The building was in a state of disrepair.She was found wandering in a confused state (of mind).Give me the keys –you’re in no fit state to drive.After the accident I was in a state of shock.I came home to an unhappy state of affairs (= situation).The kitchen was in its original state, with a 1920s sink and stove.Everything was in a state of disorder.一切都处于紊乱状态。
The building is in a bad state.那幢建筑物情况很糟。
He was in a poor state of health.他的健康情况不佳。
promote vt. 促进；使晋升为；促销A meeting to promote trade between China and the US was held.促进中美之间贸易的会议召开了。
The instructor was promoted to professor.那位讲师被升为教授。
Do you have any idea how to promote the new product?你知道该如何推销新产品吗?clothing n. 衣服clothing 是衣服的统称，如spring clothing /summer clothing.它是不可数名词如果说一件衣服，应是an article of clothing.food, clothing and shelter 衣食住They were all in summer clothing. 他们都穿着夏天的衣服。
高中英语 Module 1 Deep South Period Two课件 外研版
• Ⅱ.短语天地
• 1．________________进入视野，看得见 • 2．________________想出一个主意 • 3．________________碎开，粉碎 • 4．________________冒险 • 5．________________回应广告 • 6．board a ship________________ • 7．keep one's promise________________ • 8．be fond of________________
Antarctic. • [信息提取] leaving for the Antarctic是现在分词作定语。 • [例句仿写] 这些农民工们登上了返回家乡的火车。
• All the migrant workers boarded the trains____________________．
2．• But when land came into sight，the Endurance became trapped in the ice and began to break up.
Module 1 Deep South Period Two Listening;Everyday English;Speaking;Reading and Vocabulary;Writing;Reading Practice 课件（外研版选修8，新课标通用）
• Ⅰ.单词识记
• 1．________prep.through a place • 2．________n．a small boat carried on a ship in order to • save the people on board if the ship sinks • 3．________n．a long journey，especially by sea or in • space • 4．________v．an unpleasant situation from which it is • hard to escape
高二英语Book 8 Module 1 Deep South外研社知识精讲
高二英语Book 8 Module 1 Deep South外研社[本讲教育信息]一. 教学内容：Book 8 Module 1 Deep South二. 重难点讲解：重点单词：1. balance〔1〕使平衡，平衡eg. When you learn to ride a bicycle you must learn to balance.你学骑脚踏车时必须学会保持平衡。
〔2〕n. 平衡；天平；余数，余额，结余eg. I found it hard to keep my balance on the icy path.我发现在结冰的路面上走时很难保持身体平衡。
He lost his balance and fell off his bicycle. 他失去平衡，从脚踏车上跌了下来。
the balance of nature生态平衡My bank balance isn’t very large. 我银行存款不多。
2. explore vt.〔1〕to travel into or through 〔a place〕for the purpose of discovery 探险，探测eg. They explored this desert region in 1923.他们于1923年在这荒漠地区探险。
〔2〕to examine〔esp. a subject or question〕carefully in order to find out more仔细检查，研究eg. We must explore all the possibilities. 我们必须探讨所有的可能性。
explorer n. 考察者，探险者exploration n. 考察；勘探；探查3. test examine check〔1〕n. an occasion of using something such as a machine or weapon, to see if it works properly 试验，检验eg. nuclear weapons test 核武器试验〔2〕n. a number of questions, exercises, jobs, etc., for measuring someone’ skill, cleverness, or knowledge of a particular subject 测验，考查eg. You can’t drive a car unacpanied by an experienced driver until you’ve passed your driving test.〔3〕n. a short medical examination 身体健康检查，体检eg. an eye test 视力检查 a blood test 验血〔4〕vt. to study or examine by means of a test 试验，检验，检查，检测eg. to have one’s eyes tested 去检查眼睛The teacher is testing the students on their French. 那位老师正在测验学生的法语。
外研版高中英语选修八module1deepsouth解析.docx
高中英语学习材料***鼎尚图文理制作***Module 1 Deep SouthKeys:I．单项选择1.答案：C。
题意为：一年一度的青岛啤酒节吸引了众多的国内外游客。
此题考查形容词词义辨析。
A：“周年，纪念”B：“只能作状语，不作定语”C：“每年的”D：“谦虚的，礼让的”。
2.答案：A。
题意为：战后伊拉克一直处于混乱局势。
此题考查介词短语在语境中的应用。
A：“处于…状态”；B：不存在；C：“以…形式存在”；D：“尤其，特别”。
3.答案：A。
题意为：他用了很长时间才适应北方寒冷的天气。
此题考查动词词义辨析。
A：“使…适应”；B：短语不存在；C：短语不存在；D短语不存在。
4.答案：C。
题意为：尽管有些错误，她的这篇作文总体来说还是很好的。
此题考查介词短语辨析。
A：“不平衡”；B：“悬而未决”C：“整体来说”；D：不存在。
5.答案：D。
题意为：做了十个小时的飞机，他们终于踏上了中国的土地。
此题考查动词短语。
A：“启程，出发”；B：“放下，记下，下车”；C：“建立，搭起”；D：“踏上”。
6.答案：C。
题意为：由于表现突出，我弟弟被提升到了总经理的职位。
此题考查具体语境中的动词词义辨析。
A：“提议”；B：“生产”；C：“提升，促进”；D：“编排程序”。
7.答案：D。
题意为：当别人不在的时候，他从来不说别人的坏话。
此题考查名词词义辨析。
A：“在场，出席”；B：“缺乏，缺少”C：“离开，请假”；D：“不在，缺席”。
8.答案：A。
题意为：考虑到找工作的困难，我劝服他不要放弃这份工作。
此题考查动词短语辨析。
A：“不鼓励…做…事情”；B：“鼓励…人做…事情”；C：“说服…做事情”；D：“建议..做事情”；B,C,D不合句意。
9.答案：B。
题意为：今晚认识你很荣幸。
此题考查名词词义辨析。
A：“帮助”；B：“荣幸”；C：“优点”；D：“奢侈品”。
10.答案：D。
题意为：和别人相比，她的才能很突出。
此题考查动词短语辨析。
高中英语 Module 1 Deep South Section Ⅱ Introduction R
Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary—LanguagePointsⅠ品句填词1．The film won three awards at the annual (年度的) film festival.2．Many people have come to realize that they should go on a balanced (均衡的) diet. 3．When I began my senior high school, I found it extremely (极端地) difficult to learn English well.4．Many literary works become well received after they are adapted (改编) into films. 5．Rescue workers are trying their best to save the miners trapped (困在) in the cave underground.6．Chinese people usually have dinner with friends and relatives to further promote (促进) their relationship.7．These creatures live in the depth (深处) of the Pacific Ocean.8．She was in a state (状态) of shock for about two weeks after the accident. 9．Christopher Columbus is one of the most famous explorers (探险者) in history. 10．Shanghai, as a commercial (商业的) center in the east of China, attracts thousands of business people from all over the world every day.Ⅱ单句改错1．(福建卷)It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to adapt the new environment abroad.在adapt后加to 2．With prices keep going up, it is sometimes difficult for us to make ends meet on our small income.keep→keeping 3．Not until his grandmother told him everything about his mother did Jack understood why his mother hadn’t been back home for years.un derstood→understand 4．It is said that nobody has ever set feet on the lonely island since then.feet→foot 5．Scientists say thousands of animals get trap in the floating waste, resulting in death or injury.trap→trapped Ⅲ课文语法填空Antarctica, the coldest place on Earth, is the fifth rgest (large) continent in the world. 98% of the surface is covered 2.permanently (permanent) in the ice cap. 3.On average the ice is two kilometres thick, but in some places it reaches a 4.depth (deep) of five kilometres. Yet Antarctica is full of wildlife, which has adapted to its extreme conditions. The ice 5.that/which has been there for thousands of years can give researchers lots of useful information. Gases and minerals, in the form of volcanic dust 6.trapped (trap) in the ice can tell us a lot about 7.what_the world’s climate was like in past ages.James Cook crossed the Antarctic Circle in 8.the late 18th century. The first man 9.to set (set) foot on the mainland was a Norwegian. Now Antarctica 10.has been made (make) the world’s biggest nature reserve, which has become perhaps the most successful symbol of man’s efforts to work together for progress and peace.Ⅰ单句语法填空1．—Why could you pick out my sister so easily in the crowd?—Because she stood out in the bright red dress.2．In fact English has always been_in a state of evolution and in recent years more and more phrases have entered the language.3．Trapped (trap) in the burning building，many people could do nothing but wait. 4．(2019·江苏启东中学高二期末)I went along the street thinking nothing in particular, only looking (look) at things around me.5．He was close to being killed (kill) yesterday. A car passed him at what he thought was a dangerous speed.6．He has thought of a good idea for the promotion (promote) of his products. 7．(2019·重庆南开中学高二月考)With all the work finished (finish) ahead of time, I feel relaxed and very happy to be reading the papers.8．You’ll sound more polite if you make a request in the form of a question. 9．It was not until his father came back that he started doing his homework. 10．Some people can never go above 400 meters, because their bodies are unable to adapt to these extreme conditions.Ⅱ阅读理解AI was going to die in Antarctica. I was certain. An imageof my frostcovered body, pale and lifeless, filled my mindas I glanced around. In all directions the empty wildernessof Antarctica stretched away from me, the only feature on thelandscape being the division between snow and sky. I gazed sadly at my team. They were rapidly disappearing over the horizon.I was leading an expedition (探险队) attempting to reach the south pole. The team was made up of ordinary women from all around the world—from Jamaica, India, Singapore and Cyprus—many of whom had never seen snow, or spent a night in a tent, before we set off. Our a im was to be the most international allfemale team to reach the South Pole.As I watched, the rest of the team had marched on, unaware that I was not with them. By the time I realised that my sledge was firmly stuck, the team were already a long way ahead of me. I called out to Era, my teammate from Brunei.“Era！Stop！〞Getting no response I called again, but my shouts were carried away in the opposite direction by the wind. Seconds passed. Nothing. I was gradually being left alone, completely defenseless against the fatally low temperatures of Antarctica.My strength increased when I thought of a cold, lonely death. I pulled again my sledge, which moved a little. I removed the ice with my skipole and boot, desperately trying to break the sledge free. The sledge shot forward, knocking me off balance. I struggled to my feet and set off after the team.I caught up just as Reena, my teammate from India, looked behind her and noticed there was one person missing. She swung around on her skis in shock and spotted me in the near distance.As we continued, my panic slowly faded. For the rest of the day each of the teamwas glancing over their shoulder every few minutes. They were not going to risk losing me again.【解题导语】本文讲述了“我〞带领一个国际女子探险队在南极探险，途中“我〞的雪橇被雪卡住，以致掉队。
高二英语选修8(外研版)课件：1-2Reading and Vocabulary(2)——Grammar(2)
Module 1 Deep South
外 研 版 英 语
Module 1 Deep South
1．come into sight进入视野，看得见
① But when land came into sight, the Endurance became trapped in the ice and began to break up. 但当人们看见陆地的时候，“耐力”号却陷在冰里开 始解体。 ②When land come into sight after they had sailed for over two months, all the crew jumped with joy. 当航行了两个多月终于看到陆地时，船员们都高兴得
Module 1 Deep South
2)vi. & vt. 对„„瞄准；目的在于„„
①He aimed the gun at the enemy officer. 他用枪瞄准了敌方军官。 ②He aimed to swim a mile. 他的目标是游一英里。
外 研 版 英 语
Module 1 Deep South
外 研 版 英 语
above the sea so immediately?
这架空中大巴突然间在海上消失了，这是怎么回事呢？
Module 1 Deep South
④He comes to realize the importance of English.
他慢慢地意识到了英语的重要性。 ⑤The weather report said that it would rain this afternoon, but it came out to be fine. 天气预报说今天下午要下雨，但结果天气却很好。
高中英语外研版选修八教师用书Module 1 Deep South
【美文阅读】被称为“最后的大陆”的南极洲，自十九世纪初被发现以来，以它的神秘吸引着人们对它的关注，留下了人类探索的脚步，体现了人类的智慧和勇气。
16 February 1904－Discovery Escapes the IceCaptain Robert Falcon Scott's 1902 attempt to reach the South Poleduring the Disco v ery expedition had been unsuccessful.They had been forced to turn back 770 kilometres from their goal and the return journey was a race against starvation.When they finally reached their base at Hut Point in February 1903，they found that their ship，Disco v ery，was trapped by the ice that had built up over the winter.The ship sent to relieve them，Morning，had arrived，but the Disco v ery could not leave.There were eight kilometres of ice between the ship and open water.Morning took some of the Disco v ery crew home，and Scott and his men prepared for another winter on the ice.Next summer，Morning returned with a second ship，Terra No v a，and instructions for Scott to abandon Disco v ery if it could not be freed.Scott's ship was now blocked by more than 30 kilometres of ice.The ships' crews began sawing at the ice，or blasting(击毁，摧毁)it with explosives，but little progress was made.Then，in late January，the ice started to break up.The men continued their blasting，and by 12 February，there were only three kilometres between the Disco v ery and open sea.The relief ships joined in，butting(顶；撞)into the ice，and at 10：30 p．m. on 16 February the Terra No v a broke through to the trapped Disco v ery.It departed for Lyttelton three days later.【诱思导学】1．How many ships went to relieve the trapped ship?_________________________________________________________________ _______2．For what reason did the trapped ship escape the ice eventually?_________________________________________________________________ _______【答案】 1.Two ships. 2.Because the ice started to break up and the relief ships joined in，butting into the ice.Period ⅠPreviewing●教学目标本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，对下一堂课课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。
高中英语：Module 1《Deep South》教案2(外研版选修8)
Module 1Deep South教学设计Period Ⅰ(第一节)Introduction & Reading and V ocabulary (1)教学目标：了解神秘的南极大陆。
教学重点：学习和初步运用有关词语，回答有关南极大陆的各种问题。
教学难点：通过阅读提高概括和略读、查读能力。
Step1: Lead-inIt is well-known to all that seven continents exist on the earth. Which one was the last continent to be discovered? (Antarctica)It is its unique natural features and scientific research value that attract interests of many tourists, explorers and scientists. As the exploration goes on, people know more and more about Antarctica. How much do you know about it? Ok, let’s have an Antarctic general knowledge quiz.①which month is the coldest month in Antarctica?(September, July, December )②Generally a penguin weighs about .(1 kg, 5 kg, 50 kg )③The China Great Wall Station was founded .(in 1985, in 1989)④The blood colour of fishes in Antarctica is .(brown, red, blue, white)⑤What is the southernmost point of The Earth?(the south pole /deep south)Opposite the south pole is the north pole. what are the similarities and differences between the north pole and the south pole?Let’s go on with the quick quiz.Step2: Introduction Activity 1Step3: Reading and V ocabulary (1)Since Antarctica is so fantastic, why not learn more details about it through reading?1.Text analysisPeriod Ⅱ(第二节)Language points in Introduction & Reading and vocabulary (1) Language Points in Introduction1. polar adj.(1)(南、北)极的，地极的，近地极的e.g. the polar regions(2)磁极的e.g. polar attraction 极向引力2. pole n. 地极e.g. the North/South Pole3. quiz [c] 竞赛，比赛(尤指电视或电台中人们竞相回答问题以测验其知识者)e.g. take part in a quiz, a sports/music/general knowledge quizvt. 问某人问题e.g. quiz sb about sb/sth4. explore vt(i) (1)探险(测)，考察e.g. explore the Arctic regions, explore the new continentvt. (为测试或了解)仔细检查，探索(究)e.g. explore the solution to the problemn. explorationn. explorerLanguage Points in Reading and V ocabulary1. range: (1) (山、丘等)连贯而成的脉，排, 列, 行e.g. a mountain-range(2)成套或成系列的东西、种类e.g. a range of tools/foods, have a wide / narrow range of interests, hobbies(3)限度，范围e.g. This subject is outside my range.2. imagine vt. 想像，设想imagine (1)that: Imagine that you are a university student.(2)sb/sb’s doing sth: imagine me/my doing it(3)sb/sth+(to be)+adj.: imagine her to be beautiful(4)sb/sth + as + n.: imagine him as a tall man(5)doing sth3. adapt vt. (1)adapt sth for sth 使某事物适合新的用途、情况等/修改某事物This machine has been specially adapted for use underwater.这机器是为水下使用而特别改装的。
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Section Ⅱ Language Points Ⅰ（Introduction & Reading andVocabulary）Ⅰ.单词拼写1．The stone rolled down the mountain by gravity (重力)．2．The two continents were connected by a mass (块) of land at one time.3．The_rainfall (降水量) averages 36 inches a year.4．The radioactive (放射性的) waste should be buried deeply under the ground in sealed box.5．When you left our space, you weren't in a fit state (状态)．6．They signed a treaty (条约) to settle all the border disputes.7．Rivalry (竞争) with other schools is encouraged.Ⅱ.拓展词汇1. explorer n．探险者→explore v．探险；勘探→exploration n．探险；勘探2. annual adj.每年的→annually adv.一年一度地3. depth n．深度→deep adj.& adv.深的；深深地→deeply adv.强烈地；深刻地→deepen v．加深；深化4. inhospitable adj.荒凉的，不适宜居住的；不好客的→hospitable adj.好客的→hospitality n．好客；殷勤招待5．extreme adj. & n．极端(的)，极度(的)→extremely adv.极端地，极其；非常6. balance v．使平衡→balanced adj.平衡的7. commercial adj.商业的→commerce n．[U]商业，贸易，交易8．promote vt.促进，增进→promotion n．晋级；增进[Ⅲ.1．close to 靠近；接近；几乎2._on_average 平均3．adapt_to (使)适应4．be made up of 由……组成5．in the form of 以……的形式6．stand out 引人注目；突出；显眼7．set foot on 进入，到达；踏上8．in particular 尤其9．in a(n) ...state 处于……状态10．keep ...free_from ... 使……免受……1．[教材原句]With annual rainfall close to zero, Antarctica is technically a desert.南极洲降雨量几乎为零，严格说来该区域就是一片荒漠。
[句型点拨]with复合结构。
[佳句赏析](2017·北京高考满分作文)泰山长期以来都是一个受欢迎的旅游景点，有许多中国传奇故事。
Mount Tai has long been a popular tourist attraction, with many Chinese legendary stories attached to it.2．[教材原句]A high mountain range, the TransAntarctica range, runs from east to west, cutting the continent in two .一座高耸的山脉横穿南极洲，从东到西将南极洲分为两半。
[句型点拨]现在分词短语作结果状语。
[佳句赏析](2017·天津高考满分作文)我一直忙着准备期末考试，没有多少时间和家人交流，也没有时间和朋友们闲逛了。
I have been busy making preparations for the final exam, leaving me not much time to communicate with my family or hang out with my friends.3. [教材原句]Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctica Circle, but he never saw land.直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯·库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发现任何陆地。
[句型点拨]not until 置于句首引起的部分倒装。
[佳句赏析]直到她看了那部电影她才明白真爱是什么。
Not until she watched the film did she understand what true love is.4. [教材原句]Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot on the Antarctic mainland.后来到了1895年，一个叫卡斯滕·博克格雷温克的挪威人成为第一个踏上南极大陆的人。
[句型点拨]the first/second/...(＋n ./pron .)后常接不定式(to do)作定语。
[佳句赏析]我们班长总是第一个到教室，最后一个离开。
Our monitor is always the first to come to the classroom and the last to leave.1. With annual rainfall close to zero, Antarctica is technically a desert.(P2) 南极洲降雨量几乎为零，严格说来该区域就是一片荒漠。
★With annual rainfall close to zero 是“with ＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，在句中作状语。
with 复合结构常见的形式有：with ＋宾语＋⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ 副词形容词介词短语不定式表示未发生的动作现在分词表主动，动作正在进行过去分词表被动，动作已经完成①The boy always sleeps with his head on the arm .这个男孩总是头枕着胳膊睡觉。
②With so many people staring (stare) at her, she felt very nervous.这么多人盯着她看，她感到很紧张。
③With so many essays to_write (write), he won't have time to go shopping this morning.有那么多文章要写，他今天早上没有时间去买东西。
④With most of the problems solved (solve), I felt a great weight taken off my mind.大部分问题都解决了，我感到如释重负。
2．Antarctica holds 90% of the world's ice, and most of its fresh water (70%) is in a frozen state, of course.(P2)南极洲拥有世界上90%的冰，当然其大部分淡水(70%)都处于一种冰冻状态。
★state n．状态；状况；国家；州 vt.规定；声明；陈述写出下列句中state的含义①Railways in China belong to the state. 国家③The old house is in_a_bad_state now and needs repairing.这座老房子现在状况不好，需要修缮。
④After three hours' hard work, the electricity supply eventually returned_to_normal_state.经过了三个小时的努力工作，电能供应最终恢复了正常。
3．Yet Antarctica is full of wildlife, which has adapted to its extreme conditions.(P2)但南极洲仍然栖息着很多野生生物，它们已经适应了那里极其恶劣的条件。
★adapt to (使)适应；改编；改写①Our bodies adapt to everything we do to them.②It took him a while to adapt_himself_to his new surroundings.他过了好一阵子才适应了新环境。
③Three of her novels have_been_adapted_for TV series.她的长篇小说中有三部已被改编成电视剧。
[名师点津] adopt与adapt形似，但adopt意为“采纳，采用；收养”。
4．Gases and minerals, in the form of volcanic dust trapped in the ice, can tell us a lot about what the world's climate was like in past ages. (P2) 以火山灰形式封冻进冰层里的气体和矿物质可以告诉我们很多关于远古时期全球气候的状况。
★trap v．储存，留存；使陷入困境；诱骗 n．陷阱；诡计①Please put on the woolen sweater, which can trap your body heat.请穿上这件羊毛衫，它能保持你的体温。
②The police set_a_trap to catch the thieves.警察设了个圈套来抓小偷。
③In case of failure, they_will_be_trapped_in_danger.万一失败，他们将陷入危险之中。
5．But more than two thousand years ago Greek geographers believed that there was a large land mass in the south which balanced the land in the north.(P3) 但是两千多年以前，古希腊的地理学家就认为地球的南边存在一大块陆地与北边的陆地保持平衡。