Period 4 初稿

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《第四纪研究》投稿指南

《第四纪研究》投稿指南一、来稿要求论文必须包括：1）题目、作者姓名、作者单位、邮政编码；2）文首的中文摘要（约200字）及主题词3）首页地脚处的第一作者简介（姓名、性别、年龄、职称、从事专业和E-mail地址）、资助来源（注明批准号）；4）文末的参考文献；5）英文摘要约500字，包括：研究地区，研究对象或内容（什么样品等）和研究方法，以及所得的详细研究结果（主要的数据结果），研究结论。

中、英文摘要内容和相关数据并应与正文所得结果一致，尤其是在文章中没有得到或叙述的数据或结果在摘要中不要出现（中、英文摘要内容和相关数据请与正文一致）。

2 文稿篇幅（含图表）一般不超过20000字。

文中的计量单位一律使用《中华人民共和国法定计量单位》，非许用单位符号务必换算成许用单位符号。

有关地层名称和地质时代，须按全国地层委员会《中国地层指南》的规定处理。

外国人名用原文全称。

本国地名以地图出版社最新出版的《中华人民共和国分省地图集》为准，外国地名按《世界地名译名手册》，手册上查不到的请加注原文。

3 文稿请尽可能使用电子文本，其中外文字母，符号必须分清大小写，正斜体，黑白体；上下角标的字母、字符和符号，其位置高低应区别明显，容易混淆的外文字母、符号请在第一次出现时用铅笔注明。

4 正文中的各级标题一律左起顶格写，层次划分形式用：1；1.1；1.1.1等表示，后边空一字距再写标题。

引言和结论也按序编号。

5 文稿中的图、表应放在第一次提到该图、表的自然段末，附图切勿过大或过多。

图、表名应附相应的英文名。

附图力求简明清晰，墨色要黑，线条要匀，图中文字、符号、纵横坐标必须写清，并与正文一致。

凡涉及国界线的图件必须绘制在地图出版社公开出版的最新地理底图上。

柱状图应标明深度，剖面图应标明方向和深度。

彩色图版原则上不超过3幅，长×宽不超过25cm×17cm。

照片要求图像清晰，层次分明。

文稿中须留出插图与表的位置。

连续出版物编目手册

连续出版物编目手册∙连续出版物入门∙主要信息源和其他信息源∙填写各功能块用文字及著录通则∙主要款目标目∙填写各功能块细则连续出版物入门连续出版物是图书馆馆藏的重要组成部分，连续出版物内容反映了几乎所有学科领域的发展状况，尤其在科学技术领域，连续出版物已成为科研人员进行科学交流，获取最新科技信息的必不可少的工具。

所以，对连续出版物进行科学有效的组织和管理成为图书馆工作的重要任务。

什么是连续出版物连续出版物指具有统一题名，以连续分册形式出版，每个分册有卷期或年代标识，计划无限期地出版下去的印刷型或非印刷型出版物。

连续出版物特点∙以连续分册形式出版最常见的一个分册就是连续出版物的一期。

一个连续出版物由许多独立的期组成，一期或多期组成一卷。

例如，每月发行的期刊，一年的12期组成一卷。

有时，一期又分成多个部分出版。

∙每一期具有数字或年代标识数字或年代标识是印刷在出版物显著位置上的数字或日期，在本手册中叫做卷期年代标识。

卷期年代标识用以区别各个不同的期，以便每一期可以被正确地收登、组织和检索。

∙企图无限期地出版下去连续出版物和多卷本专著的区别主要在于连续出版物是无限期连续出版的，而专著是有限的。

这并不意味着连续出版物决不停止，只是出版者企图永远出版下去。

一个连续出版物在出版一期或二期后停止出版，它仍然是连续出版物。

有时，判断出版者企图是非常困难的事，需要编目员的经验。

后面手册也将讨论连续出版物判断的各种方法。

连续出版物种类∙期刊期刊又可称为杂志，在英语中用periodical, journal, magazine表示。

最早的期刊是1665年在巴黎创办的“Journal des scavans”。

现在我们较为熟悉的期刊有“Science”，“Nature”,“读者”等。

∙年度报告许多机构、公司、协会定期发布的报告，有年度报告、双年度报告等。

这样的报告通常有题名页，每一期用日期来标识。

例如，“Annual report / Asian Development Bank”，1967年开始出版，每年出版一期。

sage open一年发表的文章-概述说明以及解释

sage open一年发表的文章-概述说明以及解释1.引言1.1 概述概述部分是文章引言的一部分，它旨在介绍本篇长文的主要内容和背景。

下面是对概述部分的内容的一个可能的编写：在过去的一年里，SAGE Open这一开放获取的学术期刊发表了许多有关不同领域的研究文章。

本篇长文旨在综述SAGE Open一年来发表的这些文章，并探讨它们对各自领域的贡献和影响。

通过探索这些文章，我们可以深入了解这些领域的最新研究进展，并对未来的研究方向进行进一步探讨。

本文的结构将按照以下顺序进行。

首先，我们将在第一部分介绍SAGE Open这一学术期刊的背景和特点，以便读者对其有一个清晰的认识。

接着，我们将在第二部分详细介绍SAGE Open在过去一年中发表的文章，对其中的一些重要要点进行分析和讨论。

最后，在第三部分，我们将总结这些发表文章的主要发现，并展望未来研究的可能方向。

通过这篇长文，读者将能够了解SAGE Open在过去一年中对学术研究领域的贡献，并为了解这些领域中的最新趋势和发展方向提供指导。

同时，读者也能够更好地理解学术期刊的作用和重要性，以及如何从中获得可靠的学术资源。

在接下来的篇章中，我们将逐一介绍SAGE Open发表的一些重要文章，以期为读者提供一个全面的视角。

让我们一起来探索这些精彩的研究成果！1.2文章结构文章结构是指文章整体的组织结构和框架，它能够帮助读者更好地理解和把握文章的内容。

本文将按照以下结构展开：1. 引言：在引言部分，我们将对文章的主题进行概述，介绍"SAGE Open"杂志一年来所发表的文章并简要阐述文章的目的。

2. 正文：正文是文章的核心部分，将对"SAGE Open"一年来发表的文章进行详细的分析和总结。

本文将按照时间顺序，将这些文章按照类别进行分类和归纳，以便读者更好地理解和掌握这些研究成果。

2.1 第一个要点：首先，我们将介绍"SAGE Open"一年来发表的相关研究成果中的第一个要点。

Unit 4Road Safety Period 2 Grammar time 译林版

7.I find a zebra_c_r_o_s_s_in(cgross). 8.The bus driver can see youe_a_s_i_ly_ (easy).
children
9.The_____ (child) are playng on the road
10.What do you kow about road_s_a_f_e_ty(safe)?
Rule 2: We can wait on the pavement. We can cross the roas with other people.
What must we not do on the road?
Rule 3: We must not run or play on the road.
Pair work:选择恰当的场所，将字母填入方框内。
The rules in different places a.In the library b. In the classroom c. On the road d. In the park
1. We can’t walk on the grass.
Rules in different places:
选择一个地点；谈论规则；完成海报初稿。
Library rules
Cinema rules
Hospital rules
Park rules
Different places,different rules.
We must follow different rules in different places.
情态动词
can/can't should/shouldn't +do(动词原形) must /mustn't

高一英语必修1_第一单元的说课课件(共29张PPT)

3. Read the letter to the editor from Xiaodong:
Dear editor, I’m glad to tell you that I have been
admitted into No.1 High School, which I am
longing for. I’m crazy about everything in the
Should auld acquaintance be forgot and never brought to mind Should acquaintance be forgot and days of auld lang syne For auld lang syne, my dear for auld lang syne we’ll take a cup of kindness yet for auld lang syne And here’s a hand, my trusty friend And give us a hand o’thine we’ll take a cup of kindness yet For auld lang syne
more output
1）话题一致原则 2）功能一致原则 3）目标一致原则
三、教学安排设计
课时
课型
内容
1 Intensive reading
2 Extensive reading
Warming Up, Pre-reading, Reading, Comprehending
Reading Task (WB); Additional reading—Chuck’s friend
friendship
问卷日记求助信表态 + 练习册给建议

jmeter使用(初稿)

目录1. 读懂性能方案 (1)2. 相关的测试环境 (1)3. Jmeter操作栏描述 (1)4. 场景的设置 (2)4.1 线程组的添加 (2)4.2 脚本的开发（即交易的请求） (4)4.2.1 用户定义的变量 (4)4.2.2 HTTP信息头的添加 (4)4.2.3 HTTP Cookie的添加 (4)4.2.4 添加sampler样本（即脚本交易） (5)4.2.5 参数化 (9)4.2.6 关联（后置处理器正则表达式提取器） (12)4.2.7 断言（检查点） (13)4.2.8 脚本调试 (15)4.3 添加思考时间 (19)4.4 添加集合点Synchronizing Timer (20)4.5 监听器（响应数据、图表等） (21)4.6 逻辑控制 (22)4.7 注意点 (23)5. 服务器资源监控 (24)6. 分析结果 (24)编写要点：围绕怎么做，为什么要这么做，以及从方案中如何隐射到实际操作中。

1.读懂性能方案待补充（一些废话，好处等，结合Jmeter工具后主要需要的关注点）2.相关的测试环境待补充（一些测试环境的记录，查看并记录服务器等的详细配置，为以后的调优作为准备，另有一些命令）3.Jmeter操作栏描述根据上图简单介绍部分按钮操作。

◆灰色方块：保存按钮，保存格式为jmx，保存名称为【项目名称+版本号+测试场景名称+日期.jmx】，且每个场景保存一个单独的文件夹，以后关于该场景测试的信息都存放于此◆黑色方块：Toggle启用按钮，可以置灰测试Jmeter中的测试内容、元件等，调试脚本和变更场景时经常使用◆红色方块：执行按钮◆绿色方块：强制停止按钮◆蓝色方块：将所有远程的机器全部启动◆紫色方块：清除当前选定图表数据/清除全部数据，每次执行测试计划应清除上一次遗留的数据。

4.场景的设置4.1 线程组的添加线程组即通俗的VU用户数，右击测试计划→添加Thread（Users）→线程组。

GM Report DEC初稿

M ONTHLY G ENERAL M ANAGER’S R EPORT总经理月度报告Month月份: December Property酒店名称: Landison Hotel Nantong Dated提交日: Jan 121.Rooms Performance in （Nov） vs. Competitor Hotels 竞争酒店11月份的客房经营情况Hotel Name Occ.入住率ARR平均房价Total AvailableRoomRevenueZhongtian Huanghai Hotel中天黄海大酒店90% 252 4,560 1034000Jinge Island Spa Resorts金蛤岛温泉度假村40% 280 2,400 268800Landison Hotel Nantong雷迪森1% 3209 217700252280440.71ARR902.General Market Overview and Intelligence 市场情况概述及行业信息Through three months’ analysis, the guests are mainly divided into four fields, 80% are from government, 8% are public intuitions’, corporate takes up 8%, and the remaining 4% are walk-in customers. However, the government’s spending is only 40% out of their whole catering consumption, the portion is even lower among the enterprises’ spending, only about 10%. The on-line booking and travel agency’s contract are delayed by the sufficient some certificates.通过三个月的分析，来酒店消费的客户，政府类占80%以上，事业单位约8%，企业单位约8%，商务散客约4%。

论利率变动对我国国民经济地影响(初稿子)

某某大学工商学院本科生毕业论文〔设计〕论利率变动对我国国民经济的影响摘要利率又称利息率，表示一定时期内利息量与本金的比率，按百分比表示。

利率是宏观经济的重要变量，也是货币政策的主要工具之一。

在经济学理论中，利率的上下变动，通过一定的传导途径，会对国民经济产生重要的影响,在国民经济中发挥着重要的作用。

在我国，利率是宏观调控的一个有力的手段，起到了重要的经济杠杆作用，对我国经济的开展有着非常重要的影响。

改革开放以来，随着我国国民经济的收缩和扩X，从而来有规律的进展调整，在不同的经济开展的时期，发挥着不同的作用。

随着市场经济的不断完善，利率在经济开展中起到了越来越重要的作用，它不仅仅使得宏观经济均衡，还提高了微观经济效率，以与在利益的分配等方面起到了重要的作用。

随着时代的开展，经济的进步，金融体制的逐渐完善，利率对经济的影响将在越来越多的方面得到表现，各领域的研究也越来越多，相关理论也将越来越完善。

关键词：利率变动；国民经济；货币政策；影响The Impact of Changes in Interest Rate toChina’s National EconomyABSTRACTInterest rate and interest rate, that ratio in a certain period of time the amount of interest and principal, according to percentage. The interest rate is an important macroeconomic variable, one of the main tools and monetary policy. In economic theory, the interest rate fluctuation, through the pathway, will have an important impact on the national economy. In our country, the interest rate is the macroeconomic regulation and control of a powerful,means, plays an important economic lever effect, has a very important influence on the development of China's economy. Since the reform and opening up, as China's national economic contraction and expansion, thus to regularly adjust, in different economic development period, plays a different role. With the continuous improvement of the market economy, the interest rate plays a more and more important role in economic development, it not only makes the macroeconomic balance, but also improve the efficiency of micro economy, and in the interests of the distribution plays an important role in.With the development of the times, the progress of economy, the financial system gradually perfect, the economic impact of interest rates will be reflected in more and more aspects of research in various fields, more and more, related theory will bee more perfect.Keywords: Changes in Interest Rate; National Economy; Monetary Policy; Influence目录1 绪论 (1)1.1 研究问题的提出 (1)1.2 本文的研究方法 (2)1.3 本文的主体结构 (3)2 利率与投资的关系 (5)2.1 利率与证券市场的关系 (5)2.2 利率与货币市场的关系 (7)2.3 本章小结 (8)3 利率与进出口贸易的关系 (9)3.1 利率与汇率 (9)3.2 三元悖论 (10)3.3 利率通过汇率影响进出口的传导路径 (11)3.4 本章小结 (12)4 利率与居民消费的关系 (13)4.1 利率对储蓄率的影响 (13)4.2 利率对物价的影响 (14)4.3 储蓄率、物价对居民消费的影响 (16)4.4 本章小结 (17)5 结论 (18)5.1 结论 (18)5.2 建议 (18)参考文献 (19)致谢 (20)1 绪论1.1 研究问题的提出2008年美国爆发的次贷危机以与随后欧洲爆发的债务危机，给21世纪初期的全球经济画上了浓重的阴影，也对中国经济持续稳定的增长造成了重要影响。

【经验】2011年一篇SCI论文的投稿过程（重现从投稿到接受邮件往来全过程，包括Respo...

【经验】2011年一篇SCI论文的投稿过程（重现从投稿到接受邮件往来全过程，包括Respo...Date: 15 Dec 2010To:"LVPenghui"***********.cnFrom:"Scientometrics"************************Subject: revise before reviewDear Mr. Lv Penghui,This is to acknowledge your manuscript SCIM 1078. Unfortunately the English of the text is very poor being at just the limit of legibility. You are strongly recommended to make use of the assistance of possibly a native English colleague for amending and improving style and Grammar of your manuscript. You are also invited to browse the recommendations to authors of Scientometrics.We are looking forward to receiving the revised version of your manuscript at your earliest convenience.With best regards,Tibor BraunDate: 05 Jan 2011To:"LVPeng-Hui"***********.cnFrom:"Scientometrics"******************************* Subject: Thank you for your approvalDear Mr LV Peng-HuiDate: 24 Jan 2011To:"LVPeng-Hui"***********.cnFrom:"Scientometrics"*******************************Subject: Major Revisions requested SCIM1078R1Dear Mr LV Peng-Hui,We have received the reports from our advisors on your manuscript, "Bibliometric trend analysis on global graphene research", which you submitted to Scientometrics.Based on the advice received, I feel that your manuscript could be reconsidered for publication should you be prepared to incorporate major revisions.When preparing your revised manuscript, you are asked to carefully consider the reviewer comments which are below, and submit a list of responses to the comments.If one or more reviewers have uploaded files related to their reviews, these files can be found online.In order to submit your revised manuscript, please access the following web site:We look forward to receiving your revised manuscript within eight weeks.With kind regards,Tibor BraunEditor in ChiefCOMMENTS FOR THE AUTHOR:Reviewer: The reviewer recommends publication only after major revisions (and reduction)!First of all, the English is far from adequate and should by all means be corrected by a native speaker. The reviewer's language related objections concern (1) missing articles (a, the), (2) singular and plural (e.g. outputs, impacts), (3) present and past tense (figure/table x shows, figure/table y showed etc.), and (4) manyincorrect and misleading phrases (e.g. "on the graph only has presented on available period" on page 2 or "shows the total times that a particular article cited by the journals listed" on page 7).Page 2: At the beginning of section A, the search platform consulted (WoS?) and the SCI search query should be mentioned and discussed.Page 2: The phrase "The impact factor of SCI papers ..." at the bottom of page 2 is inappropriate: There are only impact factors for journals as a whole and not for single papers!Page 4: The listing of the SCI subject categories of the graphene related publications is unneeded because all categories appear in figure 2 below.Page 7: The bars showing the time periods prior to 2006 are hardly visible in figure 7 and should be scaled up for better visualization.Page 8: Figure 8 shows an example for the (well-known) skewed citation distribution of ensembles of papers and contains only marginal additional information.Page 8-9: The data presented in figure 9 and table 3 would be much more meaningful in comparison with the literature of other topics or with the chemistry or physics literature as a whole.Page 9-10: The most-frequently used author keywords are hardly meaningful with regard to a real content analysis. An in-depth analysis based on subject-specific literature databases like CAS or INSPEC would be much more abundant.Section B (on pages 10-14): Due to the relatively low overall number of graphene related conference items, it can hardly be justified to present all analogous graphs and tables out of section A. The listing of the subject categories on page 11 and the figures15-17 could be removed without significant loss of information.Page 16: The pie chart given in figure 20 is somewhat confusing and should be presented in plan view as in figure 9.Page 17: The statement at the beginning of the conclusions "In this study, the impact of global graphene research was first recalled and ..." is not correct: See for exampleDear Prof. Tibor Braun,Thank you very much for your letter dated 24th Jan, and the comments from reviewer. I am very grateful to your comments for the manuscript SCIM1078. According with your advice, we revised the relevant parts in the manuscript for your approval.Based on the reviewer’s comments and requests, we have made extensive modification on the original manuscript. All the questions were answered below.Should you have any questions, please contact us without any hesitate.With all my best regards!List of actions:Comment 1: The reviewer's language related objections concern (1) missing articles (a, the), (2) singular and plural (e.g. outputs, impacts), (3) present and past tense (figure/table x shows, figure/table y showed etc.), and (4) many incorrect and misleading phrases (e.g. "on the graph only has presented on available period" on page 2 or "shows the total times that a particular article cited by the journals listed" on page 7).Response: All mistakes mentioned above have been corrected in this paper already. About the English writing of the manuscript, we asked for a native English speaker to revise thepaper before submitted to the magazine this time.Comment 2: Page 2: At the beginning of section A, the search platform consulted (WoS?) and the SCI search query should be mentioned and discussed.Response: Search platforms which were main performed in SCI, DII and CPCI database of WoS and the search query were discussed in page 2 of the revised version.Comment 3: Page 2: The phrase "The impact factor of SCI papers ..." at the bottom of page 2 is inappropriate: There are only impact factors for journals as a whole and not for single papers!Response: Thanks a lot for the reviewer’s comment, the impact factor of SCI papers have been changed to the impact factor (IF) of SCI journals in page 2 according with the valuable comment.Comment 4: Page 4: The listing of the SCI subject categories of the graphene related publications is unneeded because all categories appear in figure 2 below.Response: The listing of the SCI subject categories has been romoved from page 4 and the publication number of every category was shown in bold for emphasis.Comment 5: Page 7: The bars showing the time periods prior to 2006 are hardly visible in figure 7 and should be scaled up for better visualization.Response: Compared with other bars before 2006 the bar showing the time period of 2006 to 2010 has been scaled down to 1/3 of the former for better visualization.Comment 6: Page 8: Figure 8 shows an example for the (well-known) skewed citation distribution of ensembles of papers and contains only marginal additional information.Response: The figure of annual cited times distribution of SCI papers have been rearranged so that the regularity became more clearly. The obvious increase curve linear starts from 2007, see 1 to 5 times cited curve on figure 8.Comment 7: Page 8-9: The data presented in figure 9 and table 3 would be much more meaningful in comparison with the literature of other topics or with the chemistry or physics literature as a whole.Response: Thanks for this precious advice, from the collaboration on the 1-3 scientists research term in figure 9 as well as table 3, a model is used to explain the probability where the auhors may come from.Comment 8: Page 9-10: The most-frequently used author keywords are hardly meaningful with regard to a real content analysis. An in-depth analysis based on subject-specific literature databases like CAS or INSPEC would be much more abundant.Response: For the limitation on the subject-specific literature databases in Wuhan Document and Information Center, the data records are hardly obtained in these days. The most frequently used author keywords can also show the relevance between the research of graphene and other topics as well as the development history.Comment 9: Section B: Due to the relatively low overall number of graphene related conference items, it can hardly be justified to present all analogous graphs and tables out of section A. The listing of the subject categories on page 11 and the figures 15-17 could be removed without significant loss of information.Response: The listing of the subject categories on page 11 and figures 15-17 have been removed and the relevant explainations have been corrected.Comment 10: Page 16: The pie chart given in figure 20 is somewhat confusing and should be presented in plan view as in figure 9.Response: The pie chart in figure 20 has been redrawed as figure 9 do.Comment 11: Page 17: The statement at the beginning of the conclusions "In this study, the impact of global graphene research was first recalled and ..." is not correct: See for example Response: After studying and citing of the paper “Graphene - A rising star in view of scientometrics”, the statement at the beginning of the conclusions has been revised.Peng-hui LvFeb 21th, 2011Date: 24 Mar 2011To:"LVPeng-Hui"***********.cnFrom:"Scientometrics"******************************* Subject: Your Submission SCIM1078R2Dear Mr LV Peng-Hui,We have received the reports from our advisors on your manuscript, "Bibliometric trend analysis on global graphene research", submitted to ScientometricsBased on the advice received, I have decided that your manuscript can be accepted for publication after you have carried out the corrections as suggested by the reviewer(s.Below, please find the reviewers' comments for your perusal.If one or more reviewers have uploaded files related to their reviews, these files can be found online.Please submit your revised manuscript online by usingthe Editorial Manager system which can be accessed at:Please also submit your response to the reviewers' comments online.I am looking forward to receiving your revised manuscriptwithin four weeks time.With kind regards,Tibor BraunEditor in ChiefComments for the Author:Reviewer : Dear authors,the objections of the reviewer with regard to contents have been considered in the revised version. However, the spelling and wording is still not satisfactory (in particular with respect to the pages 1-3). The reviewer has marked the questionable terms in the proofs and has added comments and suggestions to be considered as far as possible.Dear reviewer,Thank you for your letter and comments on our manuscript entitled "Bibliometric trend analysis on global graphene research" (ID：SCIM1078). We have considered comments and suggestions carefully and revised the questionable terms to meet your approval.For more comments and suggestions, please do not hesitate to contact me. Thank you very much for your letter.Sincerely,Peng-hui LvMarch 28, 2011.Date: 24 Mar 2011To:"LVPeng-Hui"***********.cnFrom:"Scientometrics"******************************* Subject: Your Submission SCIM1078R2Dear Mr LV Peng-Hui,We are pleased to inform you that your manuscript, "Bibliometric trend analysis on global graphene research", has been accepted for publication in Scientometrics.You will receive an e-mail from Springer in due course with regards to the following items:1. Offprints2. Colour figures3. Open Choice4. Transfer of CopyrightPlease remember to quote the manuscript number, SCIM1078R3 , whenever inquiring about your manuscript.With best regards,Tibor BraunEditor in ChiefDate: 04 Apr 2011To:"LVPeng-Hui"***********.cnFrom:"Scientometrics"******************************* Subject: Your Submission SCIM1078R3Dear Mr. LV Peng-Hui,I am glad to inform you that your manuscript has been accepted for publication in SCIENTOMETRICS.There is a long series of accepted papers waiting for publication that's why I am unable to tell when it will appear. Anofficial notification will follow in due time.Thanking you for choosing our journal for the publication of your results.With best regards,Tibor BraunDate: 2011-04-06 21:46:40From: SpringerTo:***********.cnSubject: Your article in Scientometrics (386): Information RequiredDear Author,Thank you for publishing with Springer. This message is to let you know that your articleArticle title: Bibliometric trend analysis on global graphene researchDOI: 10.1007/s11192-011-0386-xhas gone into production. Before we can send you your proofs, we have to ask you to provide some additional information.In order for the publication of your article to proceed you must go to the above website and complete the request. The entire process should take about 10 minutes.You can help us facilitate rapid publication by returning your answers within 2 working days.PLEASE NOTE: This link expires WITHIN 7 DAYS after this e-mail has been sent to you so please make sure you complete the request before this date.This is an automated e-mail; please do not reply to thisaccount. If you have any questions, please go to our help pages .Thank you very much.Kind regards,Springer Author Services。

TPS54229 降压转换器评估模块用户指南说明书

User’s GuideTPS54229 Step-Down Converter Evaluation Module User's GuideABSTRACTThis user's guide contains information for the TPS54229EVM-056 evaluation module as well as for theTPS54229 . Included are the performance specifications, schematic, and the bill of materials of theTPS54229EVM-056.Table of Contents1 Introduction (2)2 Performance Specification Summary (2)3 Modifications (3)3.1 Output Voltage Setpoint (3)3.2 Output Filter and Closed-Loop Response (3)4 Test Setup and Results (4)4.1 Input/Output Connections (4)4.2 Start-Up Procedure (4)4.3 Efficiency (5)4.4 Load Regulation (6)4.5 Line Regulation (6)4.6 Load Transient Response (7)4.7 Output Voltage Ripple (7)4.8 Input Voltage Ripple (8)4.9 Start-Up (8)5 Board Layout (11)5.1 Layout (11)6 Schematic, Bill of Materials, and Reference (14)6.1 Schematic (14)6.2 Bill of Materials (15)6.3 Reference (15)7 Revision History (15)List of FiguresFigure 4-1. TPS54229EVM-056 Efficiency (5)Figure 4-2. TPS54229EVM-056 Light-Load Efficiency (5)Figure 4-3. TPS54229EVM-056 Load Regulation, V IN = 5 V and V IN = 12 V (6)Figure 4-4. TPS54229EVM-056 Line Regulation (6)Figure 4-5. TPS54229EVM-056 Load Transient Response (7)Figure 4-6. TPS54229EVM-056 Output Voltage Ripple (7)Figure 4-7. TPS54229EVM-056 Input Voltage Ripple (8)Figure 4-8. TPS54229EVM-056 Start-Up Relative to V IN With SS (8)Figure 4-9. TPS54229EVM-056 Start-Up Relative to V IN With VREG5 (9)Figure 4-10. TPS54229EVM-056 Start-Up Relative to EN With SS (9)Figure 4-11. TPS54229EVM-056 Start-Up Relative to EN With VREG5 (10)Figure 5-1. Top Assembly (11)Figure 5-2. Top Layer (12)Figure 5-3. Internal Layer 1 (12)Figure 5-4. Internal Layer 2 (13)Figure 5-5. Bottom Layer (13)Figure 6-1. TPS54229EVM-056 Schematic Diagram (14)Trademarks List of TablesTable 1-1. Input Voltage and Output Current Summary (2)Table 2-1. TPS54229EVM-056 Performance Specifications Summary (2)Table 3-1. Output Voltages (3)Table 4-1. Connection and Test Points (4)Table 6-1. Bill of Materials (15)TrademarksSWIFT™ and D-CAP2™ are trademarks of Texas Instruments.All trademarks are the property of their respective owners.1 IntroductionThe TPS54229 is a single, adaptive on-time, D-CAP2™-mode, synchronous buck converter requiring a low external component count. The D-CAP2™ control circuit is optimized for low-ESR output capacitors such as POSCAP, SP-CAP, or ceramic types and features fast transient response with no external compensation. The switching frequency is internally set at a nominal 650 kHz. The high-side and low-side switching MOSFETsare incorporated inside the TPS54229 package along with the gate drive circuitry. The low drain-to-sourceon-resistance of the MOSFETs allows the TPS54229 to achieve high efficiencies and helps keep the junction temperature low at high-output currents. The TPS54229 dc/dc synchronous converter is designed to provide up to a 2-A output from an input voltage source of 4.5 V to 18 V. The output voltage range is from 0.76 V to 7 V. Rated input voltage and output current range for the evaluation module are given in Table 1-1.The TPS54229EVM-056 evaluation module circuit is a single, synchronous buck converter providing 1.05 V at 2 A from 4.5-V to 18-V input. This user’s guide describes the TPS54229EVM-056 performance.2 Performance Specification SummaryA summary of the TPS54229EVM-056 performance specifications is provided in Table 2-1. Specifications are given for an input voltage of V IN = 12 V and an output voltage of 1.05 V, unless otherwise noted. The ambient temperature is 25°C for all measurement, unless otherwise noted.3 ModificationsThese evaluation modules are designed to provide access to the features of the TPS54229. Some modifications can be made to this module.3.1 Output Voltage SetpointTo change the output voltage of the EVMs, it is necessary to change the value of resistor R1. Changing the value of R1 can change the output voltage above 0.765 V. The value of R1 for a specific output voltage can be calculated using Equation 1.For output voltage from 0.76 V to 7 V:R1VO =0.7651+R2æö´ç÷èø(1)Table 3-1 lists the R1 values for some common output voltages. For higher output voltages of 1.8 V or above, a feedforward capacitor (C4) may be required to improve phase margin. Pads for this component (C4) areprovided on the printed-circuit board. Note that the resistor values given in Table 3-1 are standard values and not the exact value calculated using Equation 1.3.2 Output Filter and Closed-Loop ResponseThe TPS54229 relies on the output filter characteristics to ensure stability of the control loop. The recommended output filter components for common output voltages are given in Table 3-1. It may be possible for otheroutput filter component values to provide acceptable closed-loop characteristics. R3 and TP4 are provided for convenience in breaking the control loop and measuring the closed-loop response. ModificationsTest Setup and Results 4 Test Setup and ResultsThis section describes how to properly connect, set up, and use the TPS54229EVM-056. The section also includes test results typical for the evaluation modules and efficiency, output load regulation, output line regulation, load transient response, output voltage ripple, input voltage ripple, start-up, and switching frequency.4.1 Input/Output ConnectionsThe TPS54229EVM-056 is provided with input/output connectors and test points as shown in Table 4-1. A power supply capable of supplying 2 A must be connected to J1 through a pair of 20 AWG wires. The load must be connected to J2 through a pair of 20 AWG wires. The maximum load current capability is 2 A. Wire lengths must be minimized to reduce losses in the wires. Test point TP1 provides a place to monitor the V IN input voltages with TP2 providing a convenient ground reference. TP8 is used to monitor the output voltage with TP9 as the ground reference.4.2 Start-Up Procedure1.Ensure that the jumper at JP1 (Enable control) is set from EN to OFF.2.Apply appropriate VIN voltage to VIN and PGND terminals at J1.3.Move the jumper at JP1 (Enable control) to cover EN and ON. The EVM enables the output voltage.4.3 EfficiencyFigure 4-1 shows the efficiency for the TPS54229EVM-056 at an ambient temperature of 25°C.0102030405060708090100Output Current (A)E f f i c i e n c y (%)G001Figure 4-1. TPS54229EVM-056 EfficiencyFigure 4-2 shows the efficiency at light loads for the TPS54229EVM-056 at an ambient temperature of 25°C.Output Current (A)G002Figure 4-2. TPS54229EVM-056 Light-Load Efficiency Test Setup and Results4.4 Load RegulationThe load regulation for the TPS54229EVM-056 is shown in Figure 4-3.−0.2−0.15−0.1−0.0500.050.10.150.2Output Current (A)O u t p u t V o l t a g e D e v i a t i o n (%)G003Figure 4-3. TPS54229EVM-056 Load Regulation, V IN = 5 V and V IN = 12 V.4.5 Line RegulationThe line regulation for the TPS54229EVM-056 is shown in Figure 4-4.−0.4−0.3−0.2−0.100.10.20.30.4Input Voltage (V)O u t p u t V o l t a g e D e v i a t i o n (%)G004Figure 4-4. TPS54229EVM-056 Line RegulationTest Setup and Results 4.6 Load Transient ResponseThe TPS54229EVM-056 response to load transient is shown in Figure 4-5. The current step is from 0.5 A to 1.5A. Total peak-to-peak voltage variation is as shown.Time = 100 µsec / divFigure 4-5. TPS54229EVM-056 Load Transient Response4.7 Output Voltage RippleThe TPS54229EVM-056 output voltage ripple is shown in Figure 4-6. The output current is the rated full load of 2A.Time = 1 µsec / divFigure 4-6. TPS54229EVM-056 Output Voltage Ripple Test Setup and Results4.8 Input Voltage RippleThe TPS54229EVM-056 input voltage ripple is shown in Figure 4-7. The output current is the rated full load of 2A.Time = 1 µsec / divFigure 4-7. TPS54229EVM-056 Input Voltage Ripple4.9 Start-UpThe TPS54229EVM-056 start-up waveforms relative to VIN are shown in Figure 4-8 and Figure 4-9.Time = 2 msec / divFigure 4-8. TPS54229EVM-056 Start-Up Relative to V IN With SSTest Setup and Results Time = 2 msec / divFigure 4-9. TPS54229EVM-056 Start-Up Relative to V IN With VREG5The TPS54229EVM-056 start-up waveforms relative to enable (EN) are shown in Figure 4-10 and Figure 4-11.Time = 2 msec / divFigure 4-10. TPS54229EVM-056 Start-Up Relative to EN With SS Test Setup and ResultsTime = 2 msec / divFigure 4-11. TPS54229EVM-056 Start-Up Relative to EN With VREG5Test Setup and Results Board Layout5 Board LayoutThis section provides description of the TPS54229EVM-056, board layout, and layer illustrations.5.1 LayoutThe board layout for the TPS54229EVM-056 is shown in Figure 5-1 through Figure 5-5. The top layer contains the main power traces for VIN, VO, and ground. Also on the top layer are connections for the pins of theTPS54229 and a large area filled with ground. Many of the signal traces also are located on the top side. The input decoupling capacitors are located as close to the IC as possible. The input and output connectors, test points, and all of the components are located on the top side. An analog ground (GND) area is provided onthe top side. Analog ground (GND) and power ground (PGND) are connected at a single point on the top layer near C6. The two internal layers are completely dedicated to power ground planes. The bottom layer is primarily power ground. A copper pour area on the bottom layer is used to connect the switching node (SW) to the output inductor and the boost capacitor. Traces also connect enable control jumper, EN, VREG5, and LOOP test points, and the feedback trace from VOUT to the voltage setpoint divider network.Figure 5-1. Top AssemblyBoard Layout Figure 5-2. Top LayerFigure 5-3. Internal Layer 1 Board LayoutFigure 5-4. Internal Layer 2Figure 5-5. Bottom Layer6 Schematic, Bill of Materials, and Reference6.1 SchematicFigure 6-1 is the schematic for the TPS54229EVM-056.Figure 6-1. TPS54229EVM-056 Schematic Diagram6.2 Bill of Materials6.3 ReferenceTexas Instruments, TPS54229, Single Synchronous Converter With Integrated High Side and Low Side MOS FET Data Sheet7 Revision HistoryNOTE: Page numbers for previous revisions may differ from page numbers in the current version.Changes from Revision * (October 2011) to Revision A (October 2021)Page •Updated the numbering format for tables, figures, and cross-references throughout the document. (2)•Updated the user's guide title (2)IMPORTANT NOTICE AND DISCLAIMERTI PROVIDES TECHNICAL AND RELIABILITY DATA (INCLUDING DATA SHEETS), DESIGN RESOURCES (INCLUDING REFERENCE DESIGNS), APPLICATION OR OTHER DESIGN ADVICE, WEB TOOLS, SAFETY INFORMATION, AND OTHER RESOURCES “AS IS” AND WITH ALL FAULTS, AND DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS AND IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS.These resources are intended for skilled developers designing with TI products. You are solely responsible for (1) selecting the appropriate TI products for your application, (2) designing, validating and testing your application, and (3) ensuring your application meets applicable standards, and any other safety, security, regulatory or other requirements.These resources are subject to change without notice. TI grants you permission to use these resources only for development of an application that uses the TI products described in the resource. Other reproduction and display of these resources is prohibited. No license is granted to any other TI intellectual property right or to any third party intellectual property right. TI disclaims responsibility for, and you will fully indemnify TI and its representatives against, any claims, damages, costs, losses, and liabilities arising out of your use of these resources.TI’s products are provided subject to TI’s Terms of Sale or other applicable terms available either on or provided in conjunction with such TI products. TI’s provision of these resources does not expand or otherwise alter TI’s applicable warranties or warranty disclaimers for TI products.TI objects to and rejects any additional or different terms you may have proposed.Mailing Address: Texas Instruments, Post Office Box 655303, Dallas, Texas 75265Copyright © 2022, Texas Instruments Incorporated。

英文著作出版流程

英文著作出版流程The publishing process for English-language works is a complex and multifaceted endeavor that involves several key steps. From the initial conception of an idea to the final distribution of the finished product, authors, publishers, and a host of other professionals work together to bring a work to life.The first and perhaps most crucial step in the publishing process is the development of the manuscript itself. This stage is primarily the domain of the author, who must craft a compelling and coherent narrative, develop engaging characters, and ensure that the work adheres to the conventions and expectations of the genre. This can be a long and arduous process, often involving multiple drafts, revisions, and feedback from beta readers or editors.Once the manuscript is complete, the next step is to find a suitable publisher. This can be a challenging task, as the publishing industry is highly competitive, and publishers receive far more submissions than they can reasonably consider. Authors may choose to pursue traditional publishing, where they submit their work to established publishing houses, or they may opt for self-publishing, where they take on the responsibility of publishing and distributing their workthemselves.If an author is successful in securing a publishing contract, the next phase of the process involves a series of editorial revisions and refinements. The publisher's editorial team will work closely with the author to polish the manuscript, ensuring that the language is clear, the plot is coherent, and the characters are well-developed. This process may involve multiple rounds of revisions, with the author making changes and the editor providing feedback.Alongside the editorial process, the publisher will also begin the process of designing the book's cover and interior layout. The cover design is a crucial element, as it serves as the first point of contact between the reader and the work. The publisher will work with a team of graphic designers to create a visually appealing and eye-catching cover that accurately reflects the tone and content of the book.The interior layout of the book is also an important consideration, as it can greatly impact the reading experience. The publisher's design team will work to ensure that the text is presented in a clear and easily readable format, with appropriate use of typography, spacing, and page breaks.Once the manuscript has been edited and the book has beendesigned, the next step is the production process. This involves the physical printing and binding of the book, as well as the creation of any supplementary materials, such as ebooks or audiobooks. The publisher will work with a printer to ensure that the final product meets their quality standards and is delivered on time.With the book now in its final form, the next step is the marketing and distribution process. The publisher will work with a team of marketing professionals to develop a comprehensive promotional strategy, which may include advertising, book signings, media appearances, and social media campaigns. The goal is to raise awareness of the book and drive sales, both through traditional retail channels and online platforms.The final step in the publishing process is the distribution of the book to readers. This may involve partnerships with bookstores, libraries, and online retailers, as well as the use of direct-to-consumer sales channels. The publisher will also work to ensure that the book is available in a variety of formats, such as hardcover, paperback, and ebook, to meet the diverse needs and preferences of readers.Throughout the entire publishing process, the author and the publisher must work closely together to ensure the success of the project. This collaboration requires a delicate balance of creativity,business acumen, and attention to detail, as well as a deep understanding of the ever-evolving landscape of the publishing industry.In conclusion, the publishing process for English-language works is a complex and multifaceted endeavor that involves a wide range of professionals and a series of carefully orchestrated steps. From the initial conception of the manuscript to the final distribution of the finished product, the journey of a book to publication is a testament to the power of collaboration, creativity, and a shared passion for the written word.。

七年级英语下册第四单元集体备课初稿

七年级英语下册第四单元集体备课初稿主备人：康双武组员：王少峰郑芳艳帖锐Unit 4 I want to be an actorThe fourth period ( Section B 1a—2c )【一】教材简析( Analysis of the teaching material)本课是第四单元的Section B 1a-2c这部分内容，中心话题是“jobs”，1、谈论到各种不同的工作及如何描述它的性质特点，2、谈论自己或他人将来想从事的职业并陈述原因。

通过一系列的教学活动，学生从中学习并理解exciting, dangerous, busy等形容词的用法，并将用其修辞各种不同的职业；加深巩固What do you do? What do want to be? 等句型；学习并熟练地运用I want to be a/an…Because it’s a / an …job 来谈论理想中的职业。

本课以任务型教学为主线，着重培养学生获得英语基础知识和运用语言进行交际的能力。

从教材编排看，Section B主要通过生动的图画呈现真实的语言场景，帮助学生掌握基础的语言项目；通过听力、阅读及写作练习，使学生能对学过的目标句型运用自如，创造性的活用所学语言进行课堂活动。

【二】教学理论(teaching theory )本课主要采用任务型教学法.任务型课堂教学活动作为一个新的理念,它主要以话题为主线,采取任务型语言教学模式,兼顾交际功能和语言知识结构的学习,以一种在教师的指导下,通过感知、体验、实践、参与、合作与交流等学习方式，实现任务的目标，感觉成功。

在学习过程中进行情感和策略调整，以形成积极的学习态度，促进语言实际运用能力的提高。

因此，任务型教学必须以学生为中心，任务设计要有明确的运用目的（purpose），要能达到一定的结果（outcome），要具有交际性和真实性，是教师在进行任务型课程设计的指导思想和必须遵守的原则【三】教学目标(teaching aims and demands )I．知识目标(knowledge objects )：1).学习有关形容词(description words ):exciting, dangerous, busy, fun, difficult, boring2).学习短词：Want to be3)．掌握下列目标语言(target language)：What do you do? I’m an actor.What does he/she do? He’s/She’s a doctor.What do you want to be? I want to be an actor.What does he/she want to be? He/She wants to be a bank clerk..I want to be a/an…. Because it’s a /an …job.II．能力目标(Ability objects)：1).通过新知识的有序呈现，在学生完成一系列任务的过程中，培养学生观察、记忆和思维的能力。

国家标准期刊编排格式

ICS 01.140.20A 14期刊编排格式Presentation of periodicals（ISO 8: 1977,Documentation - Presentation of periodicals，MOD）中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局目次前言 (II)1 范围 (1)2 规范性引用文件 (1)3 术语和定义 (1)4 刊名 (1)5 封面 (2)6 卷、期 (2)7 目次页 (3)8 版面和页码编排 (3)9 文章编排 (3)10 版权标志 (4)11 总目次和索引 (4)12 增刊 (4)13 特殊情形 (5)前言本标准修改采用ISO 8:1977《文献期刊编排格式》，与ISO 8:1977相比主要差异如下：——刊名中增加了加注刊名汉语拼音的规定；——将ISO 8:1977的第8章“编排”和第10章“编页码”合并为第8章“版面和页码编排”；——将ISO 8:1977中的第9章“眉题”和第11章“文章编排格式”合并为第9章“文章编排”；——根据我国实际补充了版权标志的有关规定；——将ISO 8:1977中的第6章“卷”和第13章“索引”合并为第11章“总目次和索引”；——对增刊的序号根据我国情况作了相应的修改。

本标准代替GB/T3179—1992，与GB/T3179—1992相比主要变化如下：——标准名称由《科学技术期刊编排格式》改为《期刊编排格式》——为便于理解本标准和促进国际交流，增加了“术语和定义”——增加了期刊ISSN、CN号、条码等内容——删除或简化了GB/T3179—1992中有关摘要、图表和参考文献的内容本标准由全国信息与文献标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC 4）提出并归口。

本标准起草单位：北京林业大学、清华大学出版社、中国农业科学研究院信息所、北京师范大学、中国科学技术信息研究所。

本标准主要起草人：颜帅、蔡鸿程、刘春燕、陈浩元、潘淑春、沈玉兰。

本标准所代替标准的历次版本发布情况为：——GB/T3179—1986；——GB/T3179—1992。

taylorfrancid审稿流程

taylorfrancid审稿流程Taylor & Francis 审稿流程Taylor & Francis是一家享有盛誉的学术出版机构，它采用一套严格的审稿流程来确保出版的论文质量。

下面将详细介绍Taylor & Francis的审稿流程：1. 提交稿件•登录Taylor & Francis官方网站。

•在主页上找到相应的期刊，并点击“投稿”按钮。

•填写投稿表格，包括文章标题、作者信息、摘要和关键词等。

•上传文章的主文稿，并确保格式符合期刊要求。

2. 投稿确认•提交后，文章会进入系统进行初步检查。

•检查包括格式、文献引用等方面，以确保文章满足期刊的基本要求。

•如果有任何格式错误或不符合要求的地方，作者将收到相关通知，需要进行修正。

3. 审稿分派•符合要求的稿件将会分派给主编或编辑委员会。

•主编会根据稿件的主题和领域，选择合适的专家学者作为审稿人。

•审稿人将在一定时间内对稿件进行审阅，并提供评审意见和建议。

4. 评审意见•审稿人会详细阅读文章，并提供详细的评审意见。

•评审意见可以包括修改建议、实验结果的解释、文献引用的完善等等。

•审稿人对论文的质量和原创性提出评价，并给出是否接受或拒绝的建议。

5. 再审•根据审稿人的评审意见，作者需要对文章进行修改和修订。

•修改后的稿件将重新提交给主编，主编可能会将之分派给同一或新的审稿人再次评审。

6. 最终决策•主编会根据审稿人的评审意见、作者的修订情况，以及期刊的发表标准，做出最终决策。

•最终决策可以是接受、拒绝或需要进一步修订。

•决策后，作者将收到相关通知和编辑人员的指导，进行最终的修改和准备出版。

7. 出版•一旦文章被接受，它将被准备并编辑为最终的版本。

•最终版本将根据期刊的排期，安排出版和发表。

•文章出版后，将在期刊和数据库中正式发布，并供读者和学者阅读和引用。

以上就是Taylor & Francis的审稿流程。

通过这个流程，作者和审稿人共同努力，确保文章质量，促进学术研究的进展。

Unit 4 Space Exploration(II) 示范课教案【英语人教必修第三册】

Unit 4 Space Exploration子主题3：探讨太空探索的意义及计划Period 2 Reading for Writing (II)WorksheetUnit 4 Reading for Writing (II)Activity 1: Review the structure of the passageActivity 2: Review the language features of the passageActivity 3: Analyze the argumentsAre these arguments for or against exploring space? Put them in the table below.A There are a lot of unsolved mysteries on Earth. So why are we going into space to explore?B It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as the resources on Earth will run out.C I cannot understand spending all this money on expensive research and experiments when so many people need food.D Exploring space encourages scientists to improve technology that can help people in other ways, too.Activity 4: Have a debate➢Is it worth exploring space?Activity 5: Put the following steps in orderPut the steps of writing an argumentative essay in order.Choose a topic ___1__Gather evidence______Present argument logically______Draw a conclusion______Take a position______Activity 6: Finish the outlineParagraph 1: Opinion: (for or against) __________________________________Paragraph 2: Argument 1: ____________________________________________Supporting details/Evidence: _________________________________________Paragraph 3: Argument 2: ____________________________________________Supporting details/Evidence: __________________________________________Paragraph 4: Argument 3: ____________________________________________Supporting details/Evidence: _________________________________________Paragraph 5: Conclusion: ____________________________________________Activity 7: Write your draftUse what you have learnt to write an article to present your argument about space exploration.Activity 8: Exchange and evaluateExchange the essay with your classmates and evaluate it according to the evaluation checklist.1. Does the introduction state the topic? Yes/ No2. Does the introduction express different reasonable opinions about the topic? Yes/ No3. Does the body give arguments with suitable supporting information? Yes/ No4. Does the closing express the writer’s opinion and end properly? Yes/ No5. Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors? Yes/ No6. Is the expression coherent and logical? Yes/ No7. Is the handwriting neat? Yes/ NoHomework1. Revise your essay;2. Exchange the essay with your classmates again and evaluate it according to the evaluation checklist.。

(新教材学案)Unit5WorkingtheLandPeriod4UsingLanguage含解析

Period4Using Language学案设计学习目标1.To know the difference between chemical farming and organic farming.2.To know the structure of an argumentative essay.3.To know the writing skills of an argumentative essay,such as illustrating,giving examples or making contrasts.4.To write an argumentative essay using what they will learn in this period.课堂探究PartⅠLead-inActivity1Making predictions(1)Look at the title of the passage and try to guess what will be talked about in the passage.(2)If you were asked to write the passage under this title,what is your structure?Activity2Picture guessingHere are 6 pictures.Try to find out which ones are about chemical farming and which are organic according to your background knowledge.PartⅡTest our predictionsRead the text quickly and silently and try to find what is the main idea of each paragraph.And then draw the map of the structure.Para.1Para.2Para.3Para.4Para.5PartⅢRead for detailsRead the text carefully and complete the table.Chemical farming advantageA great way to .disadvan-tages1.Kill not only but also .2.Affect not only but also .3.Crops are lacking in .Organic farming advantages1.The soil is rich in .2.Keep free of chemicals.3.Avoid damage to .disadvanNowhere near able to .-tageTheHe/She is for .But there is still a long way to .writersattitudePartⅣRead for the organisation and languageActivity1Read the text carefully again and find out the transitional words and think about their functions.Activity2Discuss the following questions.(1)What other advantages and disadvantages of organic farming did the author not list?(2)Which kind of farming do you like?And why?PartⅤWrite an argumentative essay giving your opinion on chemical or organic farming. Activity1Complete the outline below.Topic sentence:In my opinion, farming is preferable to farming becausePoint 1(Detail)Point 2(Detail)Point 3(Detail)Conclusion:Activity2Use your outline to write a short essay giving your opinion on the topic,paying attention to using right transitional words.Activity3Exchange your drafts with another e this checklist to give them helpful feedback.√ Does the writer do a good job of expressing his/her opinion?√ Does each paragraph have one main idea?√ Does each paragraph have at least one detail to support its main idea?√ Does the writer sequence the points in logical order?√ Does the writer do a good job persuading you to accept his/her opinion?Activity4Polish your draft and share it with your partner.(设计意图:学生基于前面对文本内容的分析,对语言特点和结构的把握,同时在写作大纲的帮助下完成写作任务。

期刊发表的周期简写

期刊发表的周期简写期刊是学术研究中非常重要的载体，而期刊发表的周期则是评价期刊质量和学术影响力的重要指标之一。

在学术研究中，我们经常会遇到一些期刊发表周期的简写，这些简写代表着期刊的发表频率和更新速度。

下面，我们就来详细了解一下期刊发表周期的简写。

1. Ann.，Annals，意为年鉴，表示期刊每年出版一期。

2. Bi-monthly，意为双月刊，表示期刊每两个月出版一期。

3. Q.，Quarterly，意为季刊，表示期刊每季度出版一期。

4. Bimonth.，意为双月刊，表示期刊每两个月出版一期。

5. Semimonthly，意为半月刊，表示期刊每半个月出版一期。

6. Semiann.，Semiannual，意为半年刊，表示期刊每半年出版一期。

7. Trimest.，Trimestrial，意为每季度三次，表示期刊每季度出版三次。

8. Quad.，Quadrimestrial，意为每四个月一次，表示期刊每四个月出版一期。

9. Bienn.，Biennial，意为两年一次，表示期刊每两年出版一期。

10. Trienn.，Triennial，意为三年一次，表示期刊每三年出版一期。

以上就是一些常见的期刊发表周期简写，这些简写在学术研究中经常被用到，对于研究者来说，了解这些简写有助于更好地选择合适的期刊投稿，也有助于更好地掌握期刊的出版节奏，及时获取最新的研究成果。

在选择期刊投稿时，研究者需要根据自己的研究进展和成果的重要性来选择合适的期刊发表。

如果研究成果具有较高的实用价值和学术影响力，可以选择一些高影响力、高质量的期刊，这些期刊一般会有较长的发表周期，但能够给予研究者更多的学术认可和引用机会。

如果研究成果比较紧迫，需要尽快发布，可以选择一些发表周期较短的期刊，如双月刊、半月刊等，这样可以更快地将研究成果传播给学术界。

除了了解期刊发表周期简写外，研究者在选择期刊投稿时，还需要考虑期刊的学术水平、审稿周期、论文发表率等因素。

Fourth Shift培训

四班流程变更控制清单
序号
控制内容
1 1. PO下单控制：有CER、StdCost不为0、 VEIT转换、阶梯价 2. 行态&数量&单价修改控制
2 试产料控制：控制试产料的采购、发料及转入到正常库位
3 外发PO流程控制：控制移库、收货方式
4 寄存仓移库控制：移到寄存仓的物料数量不允许超过一个MPQ
(晚间运行的GLAU会将状态S的凭证变为P(已过帐)，因此拥有将凭证状态修改为S的人员实际拥有凭证过帐权限)
注：权限安全控制指用户访问某个屏幕先要通过FS权限本身授权，进入该屏幕后的操作还要进一步受到Fyrnetics 的内部授权。
制造相关屏幕功能列表 (1)
功能描述物料主文件 (包括：批号明细、计划明细等参数) BOM (物料清单) BOM：多层物料清单 BOM：单层反查 BOM：多层反查库位清单库存查询(按物料) 库存查询(按库位) 物料历史审计供应/需求分析客户主文件价格表主文件使用价格表的客户物料价格表客户订单
转到指定功能代码的屏幕增加行删除行增加分行（仅针对POMT屏幕）翻到列表的首页翻到列表的末页翻到列表的上一页翻到列表的下一页
FourthShift FlowChart
Planning 计划 Forecast 预测
Bill Of Material 物料清单 Executing 执行
Buyer Action 采购员建议
5 半成品实物不入仓流程控制
6 MO订单行数据修改控制：不允许将已PICK的订单数量改小
7 凭证过帐控制
8 寄售PO控制(由四班开发) 9 PO Plan程序开发
控制目的 PO下单符合采购策略
主控屏幕 POMT

时间序列论文(英文)time seies project(1)

Abstract: This article collects a series quarterly data of C hina’s GDP from 1992 to 2010, and we use the method of factor decomposition to collect the long-term increasing trend and seasonality, then use ARMA model to fit the residuals, do analysis to get the final model and use it to generate a short-term GDP-forecast of china.Key words: factor decomposition; ARMA model; GDP forecast；1. Introduction1.1BackgroundFrom 1978, since the reform and opening up, china’s economy is developing rapidly and steadily. After joining the WTO, the developing speed has reached a new level. GDP (Gross Domestic Product) , which is the basis of national economic production of statistical indicators, can be used to reflect a country’s economy. It is the core of Statistical indicators in the national economy. GDP combines responses of the most basic aspects of macroeconomic, can not only measure the overall national output and income scale, but also can explore the economic fluctuations and cycles. Hence, it is of great importance to fit and analyze GDP accurately for exploring a count ry’s macroeconomics trend.The aim of this article is to generate a GDP forecast model and use it to predict the future GDP of china.1.2 MethodA lot of methods have been used to analysis economy phenomenon, time series analysis is one of the most efficient methods. A time series is a collection of observations of well-defined data items obtained through repeated measurements over time. Time-series methods use economic theory mainly as a guide to variable selection, and rely on past patterns in the data to predict the future. An observed time series can be decomposed into three components: the trend (long term direction), the seasonal (systematic, calendar related movements) and the irregular (unsystematic, short term fluctuations). When these factors occur, we can use the method of decomposition, from which can we collect useful information of the data, we defined it as factor decomposition here.The trend component typically represents the longer term developments of the time series of interest and is often specified as a smooth function of time.The recurring but persistently changing patterns within the years are captured by the seasonal component. It is quite common in economic time series, when it occurs, we should use seasonal adjustment method. Seasonal adjustment is the process of estimating and then removing from a time series influences that are systematic and calendar related. Observed data needs to be seasonally adjusted as seasonal effects can conceal both the true underlying movement in the series, as well as certain non-seasonal characteristics which may be of interest to analysts.The irregular component represents the irregular fluctuations which are affected by causal factors. It usually defined as residual. Considering the Insufficiency of the deterministic decomposition, we should test the residuals, if there is no autocorrelation among the residual, it means that the information of the time series is totally recovered by the deterministic decomposition.In the case of the existence of autocorrelation, ARMA model can be used to fit the residuals. ARMA is a one of those most common time series model which was used to make precise estimation according to short term data. Its main idea can be concluded as a combination of several time-related components which can be used to predict the future data. The time series components from the ARMA model is a set of random variables which related to time itself, which shows uncertainty when observed individually combined with each other shows some kinds of regularity and can be expressed by corresponding statistical model. The ARMA model consists of two parts, an autoregressive (AR) part and a moving average (MA) part. The model is usually then referred to asthe ARMA(p,q) model where p is the order of the autoregressive part and q is the order of the moving average part.2. Data Analysis2.1 DatasetThe data we collected contains historical GDP from 1992-2010, the reason we choose this time duration rather than the 1978-2011 which most other prediction article would like to use is that during the first 10-15 years the economic growth rate is relatively slow compared with the later year’s (1990-now) growth. So we would like to wipe out the interference of the early data. Another reason we use recent years data (1992-2011) is that it is hard for us to look for the quarterly GDP data before 1992 due to the imperfection of the statistical system of China in the end of 20th century.We are going to use these historical GDP data as a time series, learn and analyze the data, then based on the past patterns to get a forecast model, use the model to predict the future GDP.2.2 Data Graphical AnalysisFigure 1 shows a plot of the data, and we can find that there is a significant long-term trend and varying seasonality in the time series. The trend seems to be quadratic while the seasonality illustrate a strong yearly component occurring at lags that are multiples of s=4. For the purpose of demonstration, the sample ACF of the data is displayed in Figure 2, also, it appears a significant seasonality.Figure 1.Quartely china’s GDP from 1992(1) to 2010(4) Figure 2.Sample ACF of the GDP data3. Time Series Model3.1 Factor DecompositionAfter the previous analysis, now we are going to use the method of factor decomposition to build a time series model, its principle is that through the decomposition method, we collect the usefulinformation and measure the influence of the trend and seasonality. Define t Y as GDP, x as time. We set the decomposition model as bellows: (1)t t t t Y T S ε=++(2) 230123t T x x x ββββ=+++(3) 0112233t S D D D αααα=+++The reason we use (2) as the trend model is because we can find that it seems to be a thrice model from the pattern in figure 2. 1D ,2D and 3D in (3) is the dummy variables of seasons, and D1=c(1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,………) D2=c(0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,……..) D3=c(0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,……..)3.11 Data TransformationA significant varying seasonality is observed from figure 1, since the varying seasonality will have negative effects on the model fitting, so we should take some transformation of the GDP value to make the seasonality constant. The Box-Cox transformation is part of the family of power transformation, where the data is transformed using a power functions whilst preserving the rank of the data, so we take Box-Cox transformation of GDP.Figure 3 illustrate the box -cox plot of GDP, Looking at the Box -Cox diagram in figure 3, λ is near the0.2 mark, so we use 0.2GDP as a new response variable defined as 't Y . Figure 4 shows the GDP plot after transformation. From the plot we can find that the seasonality is almost constan t.02040602000060000100000IndexY102030405060-0.20.00.20.40.60.81.0LagA C FSeries YFigure 3.box-cox transformation Figure 4. Quartely china’s GDP after transformation3.12 Build ModelAfter transformation, now the decomposition model is tt t t Y T S ε'=++. Using the “R” statisticspackage to analyse the time series and build model, the result of the full model is as follows:LM1: 231235.9760.092190.0015320.000014720.50720.37630.3433t t Y x x x D D D ε'=+-+---+ T = (110.322) (16.798) (-9.281) (10.442) (-15.340) (-11.405) (-10.418) P = (<2e -16) (<2e -16) (9.22e -14) (7.62e -16) (<2e -16) (<2e -16) (8.40e -16) Multiple R -squared: 0.9934 Adjusted R -squared: 0.9928F -statistic: 1724 p -value: 2.2e -16In LM1, the T values of the coefficients are all reasonable, the P values of t test are all very smallfrom which we can conclude that each explanatory variable is significant for the model fitting. F-statistic is 1724 and its p value is small enough, so suggesting that the regression is very significant. Notice that the adjusted R-squared equals to 0.9928, which means that about 99.28% of GDP can be explained from the model, indicating that the model fit the data quite well.Consquensely, the model we choose is quite a perfect one, but we still do some test of the residuals.3.13 Residuals AnalysisFigure 5 displayed a plot of residuals and fitted, we can find a significant cyclical trend in the plot. Figure 6 shows the ACF plot of the residuals, the plot also give a strong evidence that there is a cyclical trend, suppose i t is because the previous model did not fully catch the data’s seasonality though th e model fit the data quite well, in other words, it is still caused by the seasonality. Hence we would better to take some measure to deal with the cyclical residuals.-2-1012-950-900-850-800-750l o g -L i k e l i h o o d95%204060678910IndexY 1Figure 5.Residuals Vs FittedFigure 6. ACF of the Residuals3.13 Residual ARIMA ModelSince the cyclical trend has been observed in residuals, we are going to use the ARIMA model to fit the residuals, because as previous said, the cyclical is caused by the seasonality, so at first, we take one order difference of the residuals at s=4 quarters.Figure 7. ACF and PACF of the Residuals after difference0204060-0.2-0.10.00.10.2datar e s i d u a l s204060-0.4-0.20.00.20.40.60.81.0LagA C FSeries res10203040506070-0.20.20.61.0LagA C FSeries res110203040506070-0.20.20.6LagP a r t i a l A C FSeries res1Figure 7 shows the ACF plot and PACF plot of the residuals after first difference, the ACF plot seems to be more reasonable than the one before difference, and most of the ACF are within the bound line. Inspecting the ACF and PACF, we might feel that the ACF is cutting of at lag 3 and the PACF is tailing off at lag 1. For the purpose of choosing a better model, we are going to compare some reasonable ARMA models, such as AR(1), MA(3), ARMA(1,1), ARMA(1,2) and ARMA(1,3)Table 2 The AICc values of ARMA(p,q) model 01p ≤≤, 03q ≤≤.Table 3 The BIC values of ARMA(p,q) model 01p ≤≤, 03q ≤≤.Based on the AICc and BIC critical, we should choose the model with smallest AICc value or BIC value. According to table 2 and table 3, the ARMA(0,1) model has the smallest AICc value and BIC value as well. So we choose ARMA(0,1) model as the final model of the differenced residuals, say44(1)t t t R B εε=∇=-. The model is as follow:LM2 MA(1): 10.6582t t t R v v -=+Figure 8. Diagnostics for the MA(1) fit on the differenced residualsStandardized Res idualsTim e10203040506070-3051015-0.40.6ACF of Res iduals LAGA C F-2-1012-30Normal Q-Q Plot of Std Res idualsTheoretical QuantilesS a m p l e Q u a n t i l e s51015200.00.8p values for Ljung-Box s tatis ticlagp v a l u eThe diagnostics for the model are displayed in Figure 8. Notice that the few outliers in the series as exhibited in the plot of the standard residuals and their normal Q-Q plot, and some of autocorrelation that still remains according to the p-values for Ljung-Box statistical plot. but otherwise, the model fits well. So we are going to use the full model to predict the future GDP of China, the full model is as follow:231235.9760.092190.0015320.000014720.50720.37630.3433t t Y x x x D D Dε'=+-+---+410.6582t t tv vε-∇=+4. PredictionForecasts based on the full fitted model for the next 8 quarters are shown in table 4, this is because of the principle of time series, it is considered to be applied in doing short-term forecast. Compared with the actual GDP value of 2011, the predicted value is a little bigger than the actual GDP value, especially the fourth quarter GDP of 2011. However the predictions here are still reasonable, regardless of the wide of the 95% intervals, the actual value are all within the intervals. We also predicted the quarterly China’s GDP value here.5. ConclusionAs we can see, the data shows obvious characteristics of seasonality and uptrend in long term as well as some kind of periodicity which are very significant from both patterns we've drawn and the model we've constructed . The long term trend shows a sign of nonlinearity. We uses the method of factor decomposition which we have defined in the first part of the article whom has the advantages of directly viewing and easiness to be understood, meanwhile, the weak point of this model is the insufficient use of the information in the residual, and that's why we use ARMA model to fit its residual which can make use of the remaining residual information at large.China now is the world's largest economy, and it is critical to make macro-control and policy-making to continue its booming economy due to the result we have got from the GDP prediction. Time series method is suitable for short-term prediction, and we predict the 8 quarters GDP value after 2010. The prediction we've made shows that China's economy is currently developing at a very high speed which is in line with reality.Appendix> data=read.table("st5209new.txt",header=T)> Y=data$GDP> x=data$time> x2=x^2> x3=x^3>plot(Y,ty=”l”)>acf(Y)>D1=c(1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0, 1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0)>D2=c(0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0, 0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0)>D3=c(0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0, 0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0)>lm1=lm(Y~x+x2+x3+D1+D2+D3)>boxcox(lm1)>Y1=Y^0.2>plot(Y1,ty=”l”)>lm2=lm(Y1~x+x2+x3+D1+D2+D3)>summary(lm2)>res=lm2$residuals> plot(res,xlab="data",ylab="residuals")> abline(h=0)>acf(res,100)>pacf(res,100)>res1=diff(res,lag=4)>acf(res1,100)>pacf(res1,100)>sarima(res1,1,0,0)>sarima(res1,0,0,1)>sarima(res1,0,0,2)>sarima(res1,0,0,3)>sarima(res1,1,0,1)>sarima(res1,1,0,2)>sarima(res1,1,0,3)> sarima.for(res1,n.ahead=8,0,0,1)>new=data.frame(x=c(77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84),x2=c(5929,6084,6241,6400,6561,6724,6889,7056),x3=c( 456533,474552,493039,512000,531441,551368,571787,592704),D1=c(1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0),D2=c(0,1,0,0,0,1, 0,0),D3=c(0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0))> predict(lm4,new,interval="prediction")。

Welcome Unit Period 4 Reading for Writing 教案

〔2〕学生再次阅读文本，并按照活动2中的工程梳理文本结构，教师核对答案并在内容和语言方面适当拓展。教师提问：
Besides the information above, what else would you like to introduce in the profile? Can you think of more expressions to introduce one’s personality, favourite subject, learning style, hobbies, future plans and dreams?
Step3 While-writing
（1）写作准备。学生按照前面总结的内容结构，模仿文本中的语言，结对作口头自我介绍。
〔2〕写出初稿。学生按活动3中的提示独立完成写作。
〔3〕同伴互评。学生按活动3中的评价清单进行互评，并向对方提出修改意见。
〔4〕完成终稿。学生在同伴评价的根底上当堂修改初稿，课后再补充个人照片或图片，完善个人简介。
Sample Writing
Li Hua, 16
Zhonghua Senior High School
China
My name is Li Hua, and I’m a Grade 10 student at Zhonghua Senior High
School. I’m quiet and very easy-going. I just don’t let things bother me—I always try to stay as cool as a cucumber. My favourite subject is Chinese, because I find Chinese characters fascinating, and I love to write newcharacters using calligraphy. In fact, I spend most of my free time practising it. When I’m not studying or practising calligraphy, Iplay basketball with my friends. I plan on being a writer in the future.