20110808SCP
scp的用法范文
scp的用法范文SCP,即安全、收容、保护(Secure, Contain, Protect)的缩写,是一个虚构的组织,存在于一个虚构的宇宙中。
SCP基金会致力于对异常现象进行研究、控制和保护。
在SCP宇宙中,有许多异常现象,被称为SCP物品,这些物品可能有着超自然的力量、异常的特性或者对人类带来潜在危害。
SCP物品被分类为不同的类别,根据他们的危险程度从Safe(安全)到Keter(危险)不等。
SCP基金会的任务是将这些物品收容在特殊的设施内,以确保它们对人类的威胁最小化,并通过对其进行研究来理解它们的本质。
下面将介绍SCP的用法和相关内容。
1.查询SCP物品:如果你想了解一个特定的SCP物品,你可以访问SCP基金会的官方网站,输入物品的编号或名称进行查询。
例如,你可以"SCP-173"来了解该物品的情况。
官方网站中的SCP档案页面将提供物品的详细描述、控制措施和相关故事。
3.创作自己的SCP:SCP宇宙欢迎用户创作自己的SCP物品。
如果你有创意,你可以编写一个SCP文档,描述新的SCP物品的特性和故事。
提交给SCP基金会,如果被接受,你的创作将成为SCP宇宙的一部分,供其他人阅读和欣赏。
4.参与SCP角色扮演:SCP宇宙也有许多SCP角色扮演(SCPRP)社区,在这些社区中,你可以扮演SCP基金会的成员,进行虚拟的收容和调查任务。
这是一种与其他粉丝一起互动和创作的方式。
5.加入SCP基金会讨论群体:网上有许多讨论SCP的社区和论坛,你可以加入这些群体,与其他感兴趣的人一起讨论SCP物品、故事和理论。
这是一个向其他粉丝学习和分享你的观点的好机会。
7.创作SCP相关的内容:除了创作SCP物品,你还可以创作与SCP宇宙相关的内容,如SCP角色、故事扩展、插图和其他艺术作品。
通过在网络上分享这些作品,你可以和其他粉丝交流和展示自己的创意。
8.研究SCP物品:SCP基金会的使命之一是对SCP物品进行研究。
项目计划书
项目代号: Olympia项目编号#: PRJOLM-000134通行与归档编号#: NPF-00051473首席研究员: Kain Pathos Crow教授项目目的: 通过使用若干SCP来成功地创造出一个人形生物,并用它来造福基金会。
动用的SCP:■SCP-040-用于修改原材料[此用途由于技术上的困难已废除]■SCP-040-用于修改整合后产品■SCP-143-作为原材料■SCP-148-作为原材料■SCP-158-用于修改原材料,提取复合材料,和最后整合■SCP-291-用于修改复合材料,和最后整合■SCP-500-作为原材料■SCP-542-用于修改材料与成品,以及手术咨询■SCP-784-作为原材料■SCP-914-修改原材料原材料:■挑选四十(40)名D级人员,五(5)名男性,三十五(35)名女性,年龄都处于五十(50)岁到二十(20)岁之间。
都比较健康,无重大病史,虽然有些人有轻微的心理问题。
都已由Crow教授亲自挑选。
■五(5)台Cray CX1,六十四(64)芯片,入门级大规模并行超级计算机。
■五(5)台BASLER L304KC 4080像素三点线素扫描摄像机。
■五十(50)磅SCP-143。
■五十(50)磅SCP-148。
■五(5)片SCP-500。
完善与修改程序:■Experiment Log 158-AG■Experiment Log 914-THETA■Experiment Log 040[程序中的此步骤由于技术上的困难而废除]整合程序:■Olympia Integration Experiment ALPHA - 通过复合材料进行物质身体整合■Olympia Integration Experiment BETA - 物质身体与精神身体的整合■Olympia Integration Experiment GAMMA - 对主体的身体与精神能力进行测试■Olympia Integration Experiment OMEGA - 最终实验批量生产:经过几天对原始模型(Olympia 零)的研究后,决定对其进行多种用途的大规模批量化生产。
博士及研究员档案
在 Site-0 的有利位置拍摄的 SCP-001 图片。注意位于图片上方到两侧的四个燃烧的“翼”状附属物
Bright 博士最近的化身 姓名: Jack Bright 博士,也可以叫他医生,J 博士,或者“我去,不”。 安全许可等级: █级。在最近的事件发生后,Bright 博士被提升为 17、19 和 63 号地点的人事主管。 职务: 研究员,疯狂科学家,基金会中的赌博经纪人 所属设施: 任何有需要的地方。 历史背景: 在生物工程和基因变异领域登峰造极。基金会收容他的弟弟 SCP-590 时同时征召他为工作人员。 被分配了 SCP-963 的研究工作,因其而死亦因其复生。自那之后在数个 SCP 的研究中起到重要作用,并且协 助了更多 SCP 的精密实验。 SCP 作品: SCP-963 不朽 SCP-590 与汝共苦 SCP-719 上帝之怒 SCP-720 上帝之耳 SCP-721 上帝之声 SCP-437 伐木者之斧 SCP-5555-j Chibinator SCP-573 魔笛 SCP-361 自卜塔罗牌 SCP-050 致至智 SCP-627 无限圆 SCP-644 液岩 SCP-894 - 勿言,勿闻,勿视 SCP-667 - 葛花仙子 SCP-528 - 巫毒橡皮泥 SCP-029 - 暗影之女 SCP-161 - Pinwheels of DOOM!!! SCP-057 - Love Spring 爱泉(此条目已被删除,现 057 为 The Daily Grind;译注) SCP-321 - the Child 孩子(此条目已被删除,现 321 为 Child of Man;译注) SCP-100-J - 一大坨热腾腾的马粪
SCP返回错误代码
UNDELIV 全球通用户因为状态不正确如处于停机、挂起等状态而导致用户无法接收到短信 不可及 不处理
2 SCP返回的错误
状态报告 含义 说明 处理建议
CA类错误:短信网关和SCP之间连接发送时产生错误的状态报告
CA:0051 尚未建立连接 移动内部错误 不处理
CA:0052 尚未成功登录 移动内部错误 不处理
MB:4024 移动内部错误 不处理
MB:4025 移动内部错误 不处理
MC类错误:SMSC无返回时的状态报告
MC:0015 移动内部错误 不处理
MC:0021 移动内部错误 不处理
MC:0055 移动内部错误 不处理
MC:0151 移动内部错误 不处理
MC:0199 移动内部错误 不处理
DB:0101 手机号码错误 号码无效或者空号 清除订购关系
DB:0102 用户停机 用户已经停机 多用于点播业务鉴权 程序检查LinkID和业务代码是否正确
DB:0115 用户没有订购该业务 订购关系不同步 清除订购关系
CA:0054 超时未接收到响应消息 移动内部错误 不处理
CA:0111 SCP厂家自定义的错误码 移动内部错误 不处理
CB类错误:SCP返回错误处理结果的状态报告
CB:0001 非神州行预付费用户 号码无效或者空号 清除订购关系
CB:0005 PPS用户状态异常(包括未头次使用、储值卡被封锁、储值卡进入保留期、储值卡挂失) 移动用户帐户数据异常 清除订购关系
MK:0036 移动内部错误 不处理
MK:0053 移动内部错误 不处理
MK:0057 移动内部错误 不处理
MK:0255 移动内部错误 不处理
MIL-STD-704F-2004 美军标 AIRCRAFT ELECTRIC POWER CHARACTERISTICS飞机电气特性
MIL-STD-704F12 MARCH 2004SUPERSEDINGMIL-STD-704E1 MAY 1991DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSEINTERFACE STANDARDAIRCRAFT ELECTRIC POWERCHARACTERISTICSAMSC N/A AREA SESSFOREWORD1. This standard is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense.2. The purpose of this interface standard is to ensure compatibility between the aircraft electric system, external power, and airborne utilization equipment.3. Comments, suggestions, or questions on this document should be addressed to Commander, Naval Air Systems Command, Code4.1.4, Highway 547, Lakehurst, NJ 08733-5100 or email to thomas.omara@. Since contact information can change, you may want to verify the currency of this address information using the ASSIST Online database at .PARAGRAPH PAGE FORWARD (ii)1. SCOPE (1)1.1 Scope (1)2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENT (1)2.1 General (1)2.2 Government documents (1)2.2.1 Specifications, standards and handbooks (1)2.3 Order of precedence (1)3. DEFINITIONS (1)3.1 Acronyms used in this standard (1)3.2 Abnormal operation (2)3.3 AC voltage (2)3.4 Aircraft electric power systems (2)3.5 Crest factor (2)3.6 Current (2)3.7 Current modulation (2)3.8 DC voltage (2)3.9 Distortion (3)3.10 Distortion factor (3)3.11 Distortion spectrum (3)3.12 Electric starting operation (3)3.13 Emergency operation (3)3.14 External power source (3)3.15 Frequency (3)3.16 Frequency modulation (3)3.17 Load unbalance (3)3.18 Normal operation (3)3.19 Overfrequency and underfrequency (4)3.20 Overvoltage and undervoltage (4)3.21 Point of regulation (4)3.22 Power factor (4)3.23 Pulsed load (4)3.24 Rate of change of frequency (4)3.25 Ripple (4)3.26 Steady state (4)3.27 Transfer operation (4)3.28 Transient (5)3.29 Utilization equipment (5)3.30 Utilization equipment terminals (5)3.31 Voltage modulation (5)3.32 Voltage phase difference (5)3.33 Voltage unbalance (5)PARAGRAPH PAGE 4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS (5)4.1 Aircraft electric power system requirements (5)4.1.1 Aircraft electric power system performance (5)4.1.2 Electric power source characteristics (5)4.1.3 Protective devices (6)4.2 Aircraft utilization equipment requirements (6)4.2.1 Power compatibility (6)4.2.2 Operation (6)4.2.2.1 Normal operation (6)4.2.2.2 Abnormal operation (6)4.2.2.3 Transfer operation (6)4.2.2.4 Emergency operation (6)4.2.2.5 Starting operation (6)4.2.3 Power failure (7)4.2.4 AC power utilization (7)4.3 External power source requirement (7)4.4 Test requirements (7)5. DETAILED REQUIREMENTS (7)5.1 Transfer operation characteristics (7)5.2 AC power characteristics (7)5.2.1 Type system (7)5.2.2 Phase sequence (8)5.2.3 Normal operation (8)5.2.4 Abnormal operation (8)5.2.5 Emergency operation (8)5.3 DC power characteristics (8)5.3.1 Type system (8)5.3.2 28 volts DC system (8)5.3.2.1 Normal operation (8)5.3.2.2 Abnormal operation (8)5.3.2.3 Emergency operation (9)5.3.2.4 Electric starting (9)5.3.3 270 volts DC system (9)5.3.3.1 Normal operation (9)5.3.3.2 Abnormal operation (9)5.3.3.3 Emergency operation (9)5.4 Load characteristics (9)5.4.1 Grounding (9)5.4.2 Load unbalance (9)5.4.3 Power factor (9)5.4.4 Polarity or phase reversal (9)5.4.5 Multiple input terminals (9)PARAGRAPH PAGE 6. NOTES (10)6.1 Intended use (10)6.2 Considerations (10)6.3 Supersession data (10)6.4 International standardization implementation (10)6.5 Changes from previous issue (10)6.6 Application of this standard in utilization equipment specifications (10)6.7 Pulsed load design issues (11)6.8 Non-linear loads and effects (11)6.9 Precedence (11)6.10 Guidance and lessons learned (11)6.10.1 Compatibility and testing (11)6.10.2 Compatibility and installation (12)6.11 Subject term (keyword) listing (12)TABLESI AC normal operation characteristics - 400 Hertz (see 5.2.3) (13)II AC normal operation characteristics - variable frequency (see 5.2.3) (13)III AC normal operation characteristics - 60 Hertz (see 5.2.3) (14)IV DC normal operation characteristics (see 5.3.2.1, 5.3.4.1) (14)FIGURES1 Load unbalance limits for three phase utilization equipment (15)2 Phasor diagram showing required phase sequence relationship (16)3 Envelope of normal 400 Hz and variable frequency AC voltage transient (17)4 Limits for 400 Hz and variable frequency AC overvoltage and undervoltage (18)5 Envelope of normal 400 Hz AC frequency transient (19)6 Limits for 400 Hz AC overfrequency or underfrequency (20)7 Maximum distortion spectrum of 400 Hz and variable frequency AC voltage (21)8 Envelope of normal 60 Hz voltage transient (22)9 Limits for 60 Hz AC overvoltage and undervoltage (23)10 Envelope of normal 60 Hz AC frequency transient (24)11 Limits for 60 Hz AC overfrequency and underfrequency (25)12 Maximum distortion spectrum of 60 Hz AC voltage (26)13 Envelope of normal voltage transients for 28 volts DC system (27)14 Limits for overvoltage and undervoltage for 28 volts DC system (28)15 Maximum distortion spectrum for 28 volts DC system (29)16 Envelope of normal voltage transient for 270 volts DC system (30)17 Limits for DC overvoltage and undervoltage for 270 volts DC system (31)18 Maximum distortion spectrum for 270 volts DC system. (32)CONCLUDING MATERIAL (33)1. SCOPE1.1 Scope. This standard establishes the requirements and characteristics of aircraft electric power provided at the input terminals of electric utilization equipment. MIL-HDBK-704-1 through-8 defines test methods and procedures for determining airborne utilization equipment compliance with the electric power characteristics requirements defined herein. Electromagnetic interference and voltage spikes are not covered by this standard.2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS2.1 General. The document listed in this section is specified in sections 3, 4, and 5 of this standard. This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this standard or recommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort has been made to ensure the completeness of this list, document users are cautioned that they must meet all specified requirements documents cited in sections 3, 4, and 5 of this standard, whether or not they are listed.2.2 Government documents.2.2.1 Specifications, standards and handbooks. The following specifications, standards, and handbooks form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract.INTERNATIONAL STANDARDIZATION AGREEMENTSSTANAG 3456 Aircraft Electrical System Characteristics(Copies of this document are available online at /quicksearch/ or or from the Standardization Document Order Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.)2.3 Order of precedence. In the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein, the text of this standard takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.3. DEFINITIONS3.1 Acronyms used in this standard. The acronyms used in this standard are defined as follows:a. AC −Alternating Currentb. COTS −Commercial Off-The-Shelfc. DC −Direct Currentd. DoD −Department of Defensee. kVA −kilovolt-amperef. NATO −North Atlantic Treaty Organizationg. POR −Point of Regulationh. RMS −Root Mean Squarei. STANAG −Standardization Agreementj. VA −Volt-ampere3.2 Abnormal operation. Abnormal operation occurs when a malfunction or failure in the electric system has taken place and the protective devices of the system are operating to remove the malfunction or failure from the remainder of the system before the limits for abnormal operation are exceeded. The power source may operate in a degraded mode on a continuous basis where the power characteristics supplied to the utilization equipment exceed normal operation limits but remain within the limits for abnormal operation.3.3 AC voltage. AC voltage is the root mean square (RMS) phase to neutral value for each half cycle.a. Steady state AC voltage is the time average of the RMS voltage over a period not to exceed one second.b. Peak AC voltage is the maximum absolute value of the instantaneous voltage.c. The direct current (DC) component of the AC voltage is the average value of the voltage.3.4 Aircraft electric power systems. An aircraft electric power system consists of a main power source, emergency power source, power conversion equipment, control and protection devices, and an interconnection network (wires, cables, connectors, etc.). The main power is derived from aircraft generators driven by the aircraft propulsion engines. Emergency power is derived from batteries, engine bleed air, independent auxiliary power units, ram air driven generators, or hydraulically driven generators.3.5 Crest factor. The crest factor is the absolute value of the ratio of the peak to the RMS value for each half cycle of the voltage waveform.3.6 Current. Alternating Current (AC) current is the RMS value for one half cycle measured between consecutive zero crossings of the fundamental frequency component. Direct Current (DC) current is the instantaneous value.3.7 Current modulation. Current modulation is the difference between maximum current and minimum current. Percent current modulation is the ratio of the current modulation to the average (mean for DC, RMS of the fundamental for AC) current multiplied by 100 over a one second period.3.8 DC voltage. Steady state DC voltage is the time average of the instantaneous DC voltage over a period not to exceed one second.3.9 Distortion. AC distortion is the RMS value of the AC waveform exclusive of the fundamental. In a DC system, DC distortion is the RMS value of the alternating voltage component on the DC voltage.3.10 Distortion factor. The AC distortion factor is the ratio of the AC distortion to the RMS value of the fundamental component. The DC distortion factor is the ratio of the DC distortion to the DC steady state voltage.3.11 Distortion spectrum. The distortion spectrum quantifies AC or DC distortion in terms of the amplitude of each frequency component. The distortion spectrum includes the components resulting from amplitude and frequency modulation as well as harmonic and non-harmonic components of the waveform.3.12 Electric starting operation. Electric starting operation is a specialized case of normal electric system operating conditions where the normal voltage limits may be exceeded due to the high electric demand. The voltage limits for normal operation may be exceeded during the following starting conditions:a. An electric start of the propulsion engine. (Battery power, aircraft DC power or external power applied on the aircraft bus.)b. A battery start of an auxiliary power unit.3.13 Emergency operation. Emergency operation occurs following the loss of the main generating equipment when a limited electric source, independent of the main system, is used to power a reduced complement of distribution and utilization equipment selected to maintain flight and personnel safety.3.14 External power source. The external power source refers to the ground or shipboard power source used to provide power to the aircraft's electrical distribution system.3.15 Frequency. Frequency is the reciprocal of the period of the AC voltage waveform. The unit of frequency is Hertz (Hz). Steady state frequency is the time average of the frequency over a period not to exceed one second.3.16 Frequency modulation. Frequency modulation is the difference between the maximum and minimum frequency values that occur in a one-minute period during steady state operating conditions. Frequency modulation is a measure of the stability of the power system's frequency regulation.3.17 Load unbalance. Load unbalance for a three-phase load is the difference between the highest and lowest phase loads.3.18 Normal operation. Normal operation occurs when the system is operating as intended in the absence of any fault or malfunction that degrades performance beyond established requirements. It includes all system functions required for aircraft operation exceptduring the electric starting of propulsion engines and the battery start of an auxiliary power unit. Normal operation includes switching of utilization equipment, prime mover speed changes, synchronizing and paralleling of power sources, and operation from external power sources.Transfer operation, as defined herein, is a normal function. It is treated separately in this standard because of the power interruption that it may produce.Conducted switching spikes, which are excursions of the instantaneous voltage not exceeding 50 microseconds, are normal operation characteristics.3.19 Overfrequency and underfrequency. Overfrequency and underfrequency are those frequencies that exceed the limits for normal operation and are limited by the action of protective devices.3.20 Overvoltage and undervoltage. Overvoltage and undervoltage are those voltages that exceed the limits for normal operation and are limited by the action of protective devices.3.21 Point of regulation. The POR is that point at which a power generation source senses and regulates the system voltage. The POR should be at the input terminals of the line contactor connecting the power source to the load bus.3.22 Power factor. The ratio of real power (measured in watts) to apparent power (measured in volt-amperes).3.23 Pulsed load. Pulsed loads are loads whose power requirement varies under steady state conditions because of underlying physical phenomena or the inherent operating mode of equipment.3.24 Rate of change of frequency. The rate of change of frequency is defined as the ratio of the absolute difference in frequency over a designated period of time to the designated period of time. The unit of rate of change of frequency is designated Hertz per second (Hz/s).3.25 Ripple. Ripple is the variation of voltage about the steady state DC voltage during steady state electric system operation. Sources of ripple may include, but are not limited to, voltage regulation instability of the DC power source, commutation/rectification within the DC power source, and load variations within utilization equipment.Ripple amplitude is the maximum absolute value of the difference between the steady state and the instantaneous DC voltage.3.26 Steady state. Steady state is that condition in which the characteristics remain within the limits for normal operation steady state characteristics throughout an arbitrarily long period of time. Steady state conditions may include lesser transients.3.27 Transfer operation. Transfer operation occurs when the electric system transfers between power sources, including transfers from or to external power sources.3.28 Transient. A transient is a changing value of a characteristic that usually occurs asa result of normal disturbances such as electric load change and engine speed change. A transient may also occur as a result of a momentary power interruption or an abnormal disturbance such as fault clearing.a. Transients that do not exceed the steady state limits are defined as lesser transients.b. Transients that exceed the steady state limits but remain within the specified normal transients limits are defined as normal transients.c. Transients that exceed normal transients limits as a result of an abnormal disturbance and eventually return to steady state limits are defined as abnormal transients.3.29 Utilization equipment. Utilization equipment is that equipment which receives power from the electric power system.3.30 Utilization equipment terminals. Utilization equipment terminals provide the interface with the electric power system. Power interconnections, within the utilization equipment or equipment system, are excluded.3.31 Voltage modulation. Voltage modulation is the variation of AC voltage during steady state AC electric system operation. Sources of voltage modulation may include, but are not limited to, voltage regulation stability of the AC power source, generator speed variations, and load variations within utilization equipment. Voltage modulation amplitude is the difference between the maximum and minimum AC voltage values that occur in a one second period during steady state operating conditions.3.32 Voltage phase difference. The voltage phase difference is the difference in electrical degrees between the fundamental components of any two-phase voltages taken at consecutive zero crossings traced in the negative to positive direction.3.33 Voltage unbalance. Voltage unbalance is defined as the maximum difference between RMS phase voltage amplitudes at the utilization equipment terminals.4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS4.1 Aircraft electric power system requirements.4.1.1 Aircraft electric power system performance. The aircraft electric power system shall provide electric power having the characteristics specified in this standard at the utilization equipment terminals during all operations of the power system.4.1.2 Electrical power source characteristics. The characteristics of the electrical power measured at the output terminals of an unregulated power source or the POR of a regulated power source shall be within the limits specified in the applicable detail specification of thepower source. It is the responsibility of the airframe manufacturer or modifier to provide the distribution and protection network to the terminals of the utilization equipment while maintaining the power characteristics specified in this standard.4.1.3 Protective devices. Protective devices shall function independently of control and regulation equipment.4.2 Aircraft utilization equipment requirements.4.2.1 Power compatibility. Utilization equipment shall be compatible with the power characteristics specified herein. Utilization equipment shall not require electric power of better quality than specified herein. Utilization equipment shall be compatible with the applicable aircraft specification requirements for control of electromagnetic interference and voltage spikes induced by lightning, electromagnetic pulses, and power switching. Electromagnetic interference and voltage spikes are not covered by this standard.4.2.2 Operation. When supplied electric power having characteristics specified herein, aircraft utilization equipment shall provide the level of performance required by its detail specification for each operating condition. Operation of utilization equipment shall not cause the power characteristics at its terminals to exceed the limits specified herein. Utilization equipment operation under any electric system operating condition shall not have an adverse effect on or cause malfunction of the electric system.4.2.2.1 Normal operation. Utilization equipment shall provide the level of performance specified in its detail specification.4.2.2.2 Abnormal operation. Utilization equipment shall be permitted a degradation or loss of function unless otherwise specified in its detail specification. Utilization equipment shall not suffer damage or cause an unsafe condition. Utilization equipment shall automatically resume full performance when normal operation of the electrical system is restored.4.2.2.3 Transfer operation. Utilization equipment may not be required to operate under the transfer condition unless a level of performance is specified by its detail specification. Utilization equipment shall automatically resume specified performance when normal operating characteristics are resumed.4.2.2.4 Emergency operation. Utilization equipment shall provide the level of performance specified in its detail specification when such performance is essential for flight or safety.4.2.2.5 Starting operation. Utilization equipment shall provide the level of performance specified in its detail specification when performance is essential during the starting operation.4.2.3 Power failure. The loss of power (AC or DC) or the loss of one or more phases of AC power to any utilization equipment terminal shall not result in an unsafe condition or damage to utilization equipment.4.2.4 AC power utilization. Utilization equipment that requires more than 0.5 kVA of AC power shall be configured to utilize three-phase steady state balanced power. Load unbalance of individual utilization equipment shall be within the limits of figure 1. The load unbalance of utilization equipment whose total load is greater than 30 kVA shall be no greater than 3.33 percent of its total three-phase load. Single-phase AC power shall be used only on a line-to-neutral basis. AC power shall not be half-wave rectified.4.3 External power source requirement. External electric power sources shall supply power having the characteristics specified in this standard at the power input terminals of the aircraft electric utilization equipment. In order to allow for steady state voltage drop between the aircraft external power receptacle and the aircraft utilization equipment terminals, the voltage at the external power receptacle shall be as follows:a. AC system 113 to 118 volts (AC voltage drop of 0 to 5 volts)b. 28 VDC system 24 to 29 volts (DC voltage drop of 0 to 2 volts)c. 270 VDC system 260 to 280 volts (DC voltage drop of 0 to 10 volts)4.4 Test requirements. Equipment testing is required to demonstrate utilization equipment compatibility with the electric power characteristics of this standard. Utilization equipment test requirements shall be in accordance with the equipment detail specification. The applicable test methods of MIL-HDBK-704 shall be used to determine that the utilization equipment complies with this standard. Aircraft shall be tested to demonstrate that the aircraft electric system power characteristics are within the limits of this standard throughout all operating conditions of the aircraft and its utilization equipment. Aircraft test requirements shall be in accordance with the aircraft detail specification.5. DETAILED REQUIREMENTS5.1 Transfer operation characteristics. Under conditions of bus or power source transfers, voltage and frequency shall not vary between zero and normal operating limits for longer than 50 milliseconds. A normal transient may occur upon completion of a transfer.5.2 AC power characteristics.5.2.1 Type system. AC systems shall provide electrical power using single-phase or three-phase wire-connected grounded neutral systems. The voltage waveform shall be a sine wave with a nominal voltage of 115/200 volts and a nominal frequency of 400 Hz. Variable frequency and double-voltage systems may be used as alternative electrical power systems. Variable frequency systems have frequencies varying from 360 to 800 Hz with a nominal voltage of 115/200 volts. Double-voltage systems have nominal voltages of 230/400 volts and a nominal frequency of 400 Hz. A third alternative for secondary electric power systems is single-phase 60Hz systems. These systems have a nominal voltage of 115 volts with a nominal frequency of 60 Hz and are used in support of COTS equipment only.All power types may not be available on all aircraft platforms. The selection of the input power type for utilization equipment shall take into consideration the aircraft power types available on the intended platform and the capacity of the electrical system of that aircraft platform.5.2.2 Phase sequence. The phase sequence shall be A-B-C and aircraft wiring and equipment terminals shall be marked accordingly. Generator terminals shall be marked T1-T2-T3 corresponding to A-B-C, respectively. The phase sequence shall be counterclockwise (positive) as shown on figure 2.5.2.3 Normal operation. Normal operation characteristics shall be in accordance with figures 3, 5, and 7, table I for 400 Hz systems and table II for variable frequency systems; and figures 8, 10 and 12, and table III for 60 Hz systems.For variable frequency systems the rate of change of frequency from onset of a normal frequency transient measured for over a period of time of greater than 25 milliseconds shall not exceed 250 Hz per second.5.2.4 Abnormal operation. The overvoltage and undervoltage values shall be within the limits of figure 4 for 400 Hz and variable frequency systems and figure 9 for 60 Hz systems. The overfrequency and underfrequency values shall be within the limits of figure 6 for 400 Hz systems, and figure 11 for 60 Hz systems. The overfrequency and underfrequency for variable frequency systems shall not exceed the 360 - 800 Hz steady state values.For variable frequency systems the rate of change of frequency from onset of an abnormal frequency transient measured for over a period of time of greater than 25 milliseconds shall not exceed 500 Hz per second.5.2.5 Emergency operation. All power characteristics in emergency operation shall be the same as normal operation.5.3 DC power characteristics.5.3.1 Type system. DC systems shall provide power using direct current, two-wire or negative ground return system having a nominal voltage of 28 Volts or 270 Volts. These systems shall conform to figures 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 and table IV.5.3.2 28 volts DC system.5.3.2.1 Normal operation. Normal operation characteristics shall be in accordance with figures 13, 15 and table IV.5.3.2.2 Abnormal operation. Overvoltage and undervoltage values shall be within the limits of figure 14.5.3.2.3 Emergency operation. The DC steady state voltage in emergency operation shall be between 16 and 29 volts.5.3.2.4 Electric starting. The DC voltage in electric starting operation shall be between 12 and 29 volts. Electric starting of an auxiliary power unit (other than battery starts) is a normal operating function and is not included under this condition.5.3.3 270 volts DC system.5.3.3.1 Normal operation. Normal operation characteristics shall be in accordance with figures 16 and 18 and table IV.5.3.3.2 Abnormal operation. Overvoltage and undervoltage values shall be within the limits of figure 17.5.3.3.3 Emergency operation. All power characteristics in emergency operation shall be the same as normal operation.5.4 Load characteristics.5.4.1 Grounding. All electrical power input terminals, including AC neutral and DC negative terminals, shall be electrically isolated from case ground. Equipment chassis shall not be used for power returns.5.4.2 Load unbalance. Load unbalance of three-phase AC equipment shall be in accordance with figure 1. Load unbalance of equipment exceeding 30 kVA shall not exceed3.33 percent of the total three-phase load.5.4.3 Power factor. Power factor of AC equipment greater than 500 VA shall be between 0.85 lagging and unity when operating at 50 percent or more of its rated load current in steady state condition. AC equipment shall not have leading power factor when operating at more than 100 VA.5.4.4 Polarity or phase reversal. Three-phase AC equipment shall not be damaged by reversal of input phase sequence. Single-phase AC equipment shall not be damaged by reversal of line and neutral connections. DC equipment shall not be damaged by reversal of positive and negative connections. Employing a positive physical means to prevent phase or polarity reversal shall also fulfill this requirement.5.4.5 Multiple input terminals. Equipment having multiple input terminals for connection to more than one power source shall isolate the inputs from each other so that one power source cannot supply power to another. AC inputs shall not be paralleled. DC inputs shall be protected with blocking diodes if they are paralleled.。
盘点那些暖心的scp
盘点那些暖心的scp
SCP基金会中有许多SCP都非常暖心,以下是其中一些:
1. SCP-999:被称为“善良的黏糊怪物”,它是一个类似史莱姆的生物,具有极高的智商和情感。
SCP-999可以通过亲近人类来减轻他们的压力和焦虑,并且还能治愈一些身体疾病。
2. SCP-208:一个名为“可爱小姐”的实体,看起来像一个穿着粉色裙子的女孩。
SCP-208可以让人们感到幸福和温馨,并且可以治愈某些心理障碍。
3. SCP-2295:一个名为“儿童王国”的维度,里面充满了幸福和欢乐。
SCP-2295能够治愈某些身体和心理疾病,同时也可以帮助人们重拾快乐和童真。
4. SCP-2967:一个名为“肥皂泡乐园”的维度,里面充满了各种彩色的泡泡。
SCP-2967可以让人们感到放松和愉悦,同时也可以治愈一些身体和心理疾病。
这些SCP都非常暖心,它们的存在可以为疲惫和焦虑的人们带来一些温暖和安慰。
华莱士的scp模型分析
华莱士快餐店-SCP模型分析一.SCP模型概要SCP模型提供了一个既能深入具体环节,又有系统逻辑体系的市场结构(Structure)-市场行为(Conduct)-市场绩效(Performance)的产业分析框架。
SCP 框架的基本涵义是,市场结构决定企业在市场中的行为,而企业行为又决定市场运行在各个方面的经济绩效。
SCP模型,分析在行业或者企业受到表面冲击时,可能的战略调整及行为变化,从对特定行业结构、企业行为和经营绩效三个角度来分析外部冲击的影响二.华莱士公司简介华莱士企业创始人“华氏兄弟”(福州华怀庆、华怀余兄弟)。
华莱士快餐连锁店是中国本土最大的一家集产品开发、生产、销售为一体的西式快餐企业。
华莱士食品有限公司成立于2001年,它以准确的市场定位,规范优质的服务成功的在闽、浙、粤、赣等上百个城市拥4800多家连锁餐厅,员工有50000多人,其中福州直营餐厅达500多家。
华莱士立志打造适合中国情的西式快餐品牌,立志于发展全国性的连锁快餐企业,创建品牌以来,先后在闽、浙、赣、粤、湘、津等全国各省市城市开设连锁餐厅,公司经营的汉堡、炸鸡、薯条等产品,美味与品质兼具,时尚与文化领先,经过多年的发展,华莱士已经成为业内知名的西式快餐加盟品牌,其影响力也涉及全国。
现在,华莱士快餐品牌已经深得广大消费者喜爱!华莱士快餐-简单有滋味!三.外部冲击(一)国家政策维护食品安全苏丹红、地沟油、激素鸡等一系列的食品安全事件的曝光,国家食品安全部门开始加紧调查与监督快餐店,并加紧立法。
针对快餐行业的一些制度混乱和卫生状况等问题,国家工商局和卫生局加紧对快餐行业的监督。
(二)行业竞争激烈麦当劳和肯德基这些外国知名快餐品牌发展迅速,并被大众所熟知。
而且因快餐行业发展态势较好,更多的人进入快餐行业想要“分一杯羹”。
所以,快餐行业的竞争压力很大。
(三)消费者消费观念的改变都市生活节奏的加快,人们对于这种便利的就餐方式投入了更多的偏好。
scp资料
scp资料一切都始于scp-1732007年的夏天,一个叫做“4chan”的美国论坛上发布了一篇名为《scp-173“The Statue”》的帖子。
帖子是一篇用文档记录的形式完成的短篇小说,它用临床研究式的语言,描述了一个被称为“scp”的机构收容的一个怪物。
Scp-173是1993年被移动到site-19的一尊雕像(scp基金会的收容所都被称作site,不同区域的收容所用不同的编号来加以区分)。
实际上scp-173的原型是日本艺术家加藤泉的艺术作品。
Scp-173由混凝土和钢筋建造而成,但是它不但可以动,还对人类充满了敌意。
当有生物的视线盯着scp-173时,它是无法行动的。
如果盯着它的人眨了眼睛,失去了视线约束的scp-173会在瞬间移动到对方眼前,绞杀或者拧断对方的脖子。
鉴于scp-173的危险性,scp 基金会将其封锁在一个收容区域里,并保证同一时间至少有三个人同时盯着它,这样才能保证他们各自有机会眨眼睛而不被scp-173杀死Q:SCP基金会是什么机构?基金会的目标是什么?特殊收容措施又是什么?A:SCP基金会全称Special Containment Procedures Foundation,是一个全球性的秘密组织,他们的目标是收容和销毁全球的超自然物品/人物/现象(即SCP),以让普通人能生活在一个相对安全的世界中,基金会的活动是完全不受各大国的政府干扰的(同时,基金会是非常,非常,非常有钱的),但是在某些情况下基金会会选择与各大国政府合作来达成其目的。
特殊收容措施是为了收容SCP而准备的特殊措施,以防止SCP影响到世俗世界SCP-073的存在对任何生活于土壤中的生命形态皆为致命。
并对20米半径内所有类似生命造成即时死亡效果。
任何SCP-073曾行走过的土地都在两周内荒芜并永久性的失去支持任何生命形式的能力。
任何由土壤生长的生物所制物品,例如木器及纸张,在SCP-073的接触下立刻腐朽崩溃。
DicomObjects用户手册 中文版
1.1结构............................................ ................................................. (3)1.2支持的语言............................................... .................................................................... .......... .4 1.3使用COM对象模型的效果.......................................... .. (4)1.4 DicomObjects中的集合.............................................. .. (4)1.5 Dicom对象的DICOM数据表示........................................................................ .. (5)1.6解释和使用序列............................................. .. (7)1.7私有属性............................................... .................................................................... (7)2第一步- 阅读,查看和写入DICOM文件................................................................... . (9)2.1您的第一个DICOM计划............................................. . (9)2.2将映像写入磁盘............................................ . (10)3通过网络简单地发送和接收图像........................................ . (11)3.1发送图像.................................................. ................................................................ .. (11)3.2接收图像............................................... ..................................................................... (11)4查询/检索(SCU)........................................... .......................................................... .. (13)4.1公共特性............................................... ................................................................... .. (13)4.2 DoQuery ............................................... ................................................................................ . 14 4.3 GetImages ............................................... . (14)4.4 GetUsingMove ................................................ (15)4.5 DoRawQuery ................................................ (15)4.6 MoveSync ................................................ .. (15)4.7 MoveImages ................................................ . (15)4.8基于Dicom连接的Q / R方法........................................... ............................ ....... ......... .. (15)5离线媒体............................................. ................................................. ..... ....... (17)5.1阅读............................................... ................................................. .......... ....... ....... .. (17)5.2创建................................................ ................................................. (18)5.3更新............................................... ................................................. . (19)5.4乘以引用的目录记录............................................. . (19)6打印............................................ ................................................. . (20)6.1使用DicomPrint打印.................................................. .. (20)6.2使用标准化操作打印............................................. . (22)6.3将DICOM图像打印到Windows打印机.......................................... . (22)7将DICOM图像导出到其他格式........................................... . (23)7.1单帧............................................... ................................................. . (23)7.2多帧图像/电影........................................... .. (23)7.3非文件导出............................................. ...................................................................... (23)8高级图像审查站............................................. (24)8.1基本查看控件................................................ . (24)8.2多帧(电影)图像.......................................... .. (24)8.3注释............................................ ................................................. . (25)8.4查找表............................................... ................................................. (28)8.5 DICOM灰度呈现状态............................................. . (28)8.6显示速度优化................................................ . (29)9.1在Web服务器上运行DicomObjects . .... .......................................... .. (31)9.2在Web客户端上运行DicomObjects .......... .... .................................. . (33)10写路由器/修改器.................................. .... .... .............. ...................................................... (35)11编写DICOM服务器............................................. ................................................................ (36)11.1聆听协会的对象........................................... (36)11.2验证协会............................................... .. (37)11.3处理C-STORE操作............................................ . (37)11.4处理查询/检索请求............................................ .. (38)11.5处理C-ECHO请求............................................ .. (42)11.6传输语法和质量问题............................................ (42)11.7性能和可靠性问题............................................. (43)11.8模态WorkList SCP .............................................. (44)11.9打印SCP ............................................... ................................................. (44)11.10存储承诺SCP ................................................ (45)12访问和修改像素数据............................................ (46)12.1原始指针的语言............................................. . (46)12.2使用变量数组的语言............................................. .. (47)13创建DICOM图像.............................................. .................................................................. (48)13.1导入其他格式................................................ .. (48)13.2导入多帧图像.................................................. (49)13.3从划痕............................................... ................................................................... (50)14使用模态WorkList作为SCU ........................................... (52)15语言特定功能.............................................. . (53)15.1 Visual Basic ............................................... .................................................. . (53)15.2 VBScript ................................................ ................................................. (53)15.3应用程序的Visual Basic(例如MS Access)........................................ .. (53)15.4 Microsoft Visual C ++ ................................................ ........................................................ (53)15.5 Borland Delphi和Borland C ++ Builder ........................................... (55)15.6 Java ................................................ ................................................. . (56)15.7其他环境............................................... ................................................. (56)16日志记录................................................ ................................................. .. (57)16.1日志详细信息和级别............................................. ........................................................... .. 57 16.2文件记录............................................... ................................................. (57)16.3 DicomLog控制................................................ . (58)17高级使用............................................... ................................................. (59)17.1超车注册表值............................................ (59)17.2更改默认SOP类的列表.......................................... (59)17.3传输语法选择.................................................. (60)17.4私人SOP类................................................ .................................................................. . (61)17.5私有传输语法 (61)17.6存储承诺............................................... ............................................................................ (61)1简介本用户手册是DicomObjects帮助文件的重要补充。
scp命令详解
scp命令详解网站建设经验丰富的朋友会发现,linux系统的主机是网站建设的首先,这篇文章主要介绍了scp命令,scp如何做远程拷贝,下面小编帮助大家解决有关scp命令相关知识,需要的朋友可以参考下svn 删除所有的 .svn文件代码如下:find . -name .svn -type d -exec rm -fr {} \;linux之cp/scp命令+scp命令详解名称:cp使用权限:所有使用者使用方式:cp [options] source destcp [options] source... directory说明:将一个档案拷贝至另一档案,或将数个档案拷贝至另一目录。
把计-a 尽可能将档案状态、权限等资料都照原状予以复制。
-r 若 source 中含有目录名,则将目录下之档案亦皆依序拷贝至目的地。
-f 若目的地已经有相同档名的档案存在,则在复制前先予以删除再行复制。
范例:将档案 aaa 复制(已存在),并命名为 bbb :cp aaa bbb将所有的C语言程式拷贝至 Finished 子目录中 :cp *.c Finished命令:scp不同的Linux之间copy文件常用有3种方法:第一种就是ftp,也就是其中一台Linux安装ftp Server,这样可以另外一台使用ftp的client程序来进行文件的copy。
第二种方法就是采用samba服务,类似Windows文件copy 的方式来操作,比较简洁方便。
第三种就是利用scp命令来进行文件复制。
scp是有Security的文件copy,基于ssh登录。
操作起来比较方便,比如要把当前一个文件copy到远程另外一台主机上,可以如下命令。
scp /home/daisy/full.tar.gz root@172.19.2.75:/home/root然后会提示你输入另外那台172.19.2.75主机的root用户的登录密码,接着就开始copy 了。
scp安保许可等级
概述SCP基金会隐秘运作于全球,受各个主要国家政府的授权和委托,且其本身运作不受司法管辖权干扰,目标为收容“有异常特质的物品”。
许多这些“物品”既可对人产生物理危险,又可对世界范围的人群产生心理影响,动摇他们的个人信念,干扰他们的日常生活。
例如:只是存在就会造成许多麻烦的如SCP-126,我们认为世界上可能还存在着更多类似的个体。
例如:在事实上对人类造成威胁的如SCP-008或SCP-058。
例如:许多人可能服从甚至崇拜的如SCP-076或SCP-682。
2目标编辑寻找超自然事物并基于其原理发展新科技。
收容有潜在威胁的事物。
发展安全措施来应对未来出现的危险事物。
寻找,扣留,消灭任何阻止我们完成上述目标的人或事物。
3SCP报告编辑基金会的一个最基本的功能是,对我们持有的或者处于基金会影响范围之外的物品的信息进行编制和分级。
特殊收容措施必须实施到任何被发现的异常事物上。
这是你在根据高级长官的要求下撰写这些报告时要最优先提到的。
这些报告是基金会的基础。
同时,这些报告势必不能公之于众。
如果这些信息被一个不该知道这些秘密的组织核实并被追踪到其来源,这会为基金会和所有处于基金会控制下的SCP物品招致灾难。
4特殊收容措施编辑通常称呼为“SCPs”,这些处于基金会的人员和设施的收容和监视下的个体在报告中被称作“项目”。
基金会快速编制威胁等级并只对该物品进行一些必要的概述(在收容失效等事件中时间宝贵)。
物品可是一个东西,一个地方,一个人,一只动物甚至一个事件。
他们将被给予项目编号例如SCP-XXX并分类。
SCP被编制成“Safe”,“Euclid”或“Keter”这几个组来表示其威胁等级。
任何人都可以对任何SCP编写SCP协议,并放入列表中,但是每个作者都需要受到他或者她的同事的审查,且必须接受强行临检。
安保许可等级概览基金会安全权限的授予代表人员的最高等级以及他们可以知晓的知识类型。
尽管如此,获得任何权限等级不等于自动获得知晓该等级的所有信息:人员只能访问基于“须知”原则允许的信息,而每个部门都有指定的信息披露官负责判断此类事务。
scp短流保护范围标准
scp短流保护范围标准1.概述在本篇文章中,我们将详细讨论SCP(安全承包协议)短流保护范围的标准。
短流保护是一种用于保护电气设备免受电流瞬变和电压暂降影响的措施。
根据SCP的规定,短流保护范围的标准分为以下几个方面:2.短流保护等级根据短流电流的大小和持续时间,短流保护分为以下几个等级:等级1:适用于较小的短流电流和较短的持续时间,如设备内部故障导致的短流。
等级2:适用于较大的短流电流和较长的持续时间,如系统故障导致的短流。
等级3:适用于非常大的短流电流和长时间的持续时间,如地震、雷击等自然灾害导致的短流。
3.保护元件选择根据短流保护等级,选择合适的保护元件,如熔断器、断路器等。
4.保护范围划分根据SCP规定,短流保护范围的划分如下:等级1:设备内部短流保护范围应包括设备本体、连接线路和附属设备。
等级2:系统短流保护范围应包括发电站、变电站、输电线路和配电线路等。
等级3:自然灾害导致的短流保护范围应包括整个电网和相关的电力设备。
5.保护措施实施实施短流保护措施时,应遵循以下原则:a)选择合适的保护元件,确保其在短流发生时能迅速切断电源,防止设备受损。
b)合理布置保护元件,使其能够在短流发生时迅速动作,减小故障范围。
c)定期检查和维护保护元件,确保其正常工作。
6.保护效果评估为确保短流保护措施的有效性,需要进行定期评估。
评估内容包括:a)保护元件的选型和布置是否合理。
b)保护系统在实际短流事件中的响应速度和切除时间。
c)评估保护措施对设备损坏和电力系统稳定性的影响。
7.总结SCP短流保护范围标准是为了确保电气设备在短流事件中能够得到有效保护。
通过对短流保护等级、保护元件选择、保护范围划分、保护措施实施和保护效果评估等方面的详细规定,为电力系统提供了可靠的保障。
遵循这些标准,我们可以确保电力系统的安全稳定运行,为人们的生产和生活提供稳定的电力供应。
被禁的怪物档案编号
被禁的怪物档案编号(原创实用版)目录1.引言:介绍“被禁的怪物档案编号”的背景和神秘性2.文件内容:概述档案中记录的怪物种类和特征3.档案的来源与意义:探讨档案的起源及其对研究者、猎人和普通人的意义4.档案的封禁与解禁:讲述档案被封禁的原因及其在解禁后的影响5.结语:对“被禁的怪物档案编号”的评价和展望正文“被禁的怪物档案编号”是一个神秘的存在,人们对它的了解非常有限。
据说这份档案记录了一系列危险的怪物,这些怪物具有超乎想象的力量和破坏力。
人们之所以对它如此恐惧,是因为这些怪物可能并非传说,而是真实存在的。
档案中记录了许多种类的怪物,每一种怪物都有其独特的特征。
例如,有一种叫做“九头蛇”的怪物,它的头颅可以发出致命的毒气;还有一种叫做“巨龙”的怪物,它的皮肤坚不可摧,具有强大的防御力。
这些怪物在档案中都有详细的描述,包括它们的习性、攻击方式和弱点等。
那么,这份“被禁的怪物档案编号”究竟是从何而来的呢?据传,它是由古代的猎人们搜集整理的。
这些猎人通过与怪物的激战,逐渐了解了它们的特性,并将这些信息记录下来,以便后人能够更好地了解和应对这些危险生物。
随着时间的推移,这份档案被不断地传承和补充,逐渐形成了今天我们所看到的规模。
对于研究者来说,这份档案具有极高的价值,因为它可以帮助他们了解这些怪物的起源、演化以及生态系统。
而对于猎人来说,这份档案则意味着生存和荣耀,因为猎杀这些怪物不仅能够证明他们的勇气和技艺,还能获得丰厚的报酬。
而对于普通人来说,了解这些怪物的存在,可以让他们更好地防范潜在的危险。
然而,“被禁的怪物档案编号”并非一直都能被公开查阅。
在某些时期,这份档案被认为过于危险,因此被封禁。
封禁期间,只有少数特权阶层才能接触到这份档案。
直到近年来,随着科技的发展和观念的转变,这份档案才逐渐被解禁,并为更多的人所知。
解禁后的“被禁的怪物档案编号”对社会产生了深远的影响。
一方面,人们开始对这些怪物进行更深入的研究,从而推动了生物学、生态学等领域的发展;另一方面,更多的人开始关注生态保护和生物多样性,以避免这些怪物因为栖息地的破坏而走向灭绝。
变形的日式邪典残片
变形的日式邪典残片
佩索阿
【期刊名称】《电影世界》
【年(卷),期】2008(000)008
【摘要】《机关枪少女》导演:井口升主演:八代兼美、亚纱美、穗花出品:日本2008★★★这是一部绝大多数人都不会喜欢的电影,充满了汪洋大海般的血浆和恶心,导演井口升的创意本身与罗伯特·罗德里格斯的《索女丧尸机关枪》基本类似,但是放肆的程度又大不同,井口升充分采取日本变态电影的龌龊精神,不过由于技术精良不够资金不足,只能草略前进。
只要把人不当人,复仇就可以任意杀戮,这部电影就可以比较心平气和地看了。
在这部电影中,人只是可以操作高级工具的动物,利用一切先进的武器去寸膥同类。
香港的暴力三
【总页数】1页(P95-95)
【作者】佩索阿
【作者单位】
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】J905
【相关文献】
1.邪典至尊遁地之鼠最邪典巡礼(一) [J], 史丹利五;
2.今天我们如何谈论邪典?——《定义邪典电影》翻译有感 [J], 李闻思
3.学龄前儿童扮演类邪典游戏设计中的伦理问题分析 [J], 孙淑萍;张伊
4.学龄前儿童扮演类邪典游戏设计中的伦理问题分析 [J], 孙淑萍;张伊
5.分类与预防:儿童邪典作品的刑法规制研究 [J], 陈禹衡
因版权原因,仅展示原文概要,查看原文内容请购买。
十分有趣的SCP资料
十分有趣的SCP资料项目编号: SCP-702 项目等级: Euclid 特殊收容措施:SCP-702被装在一个以普通包装材料填充的箱子中。
这个箱子应被存放于一个由武装保安时刻看守的标准保险柜中。
如果箱子被坏,任何人员不得在未戴标准隔热手套的情况下触摸该SCP。
由于SCP-702-1的未知效果以及可能造成的监管设施损坏,提议毁灭SCP-702的计划被无限期推迟。
描述:SCP-702 是一个红色花瓶外形的未知工艺品。
人类接触该花瓶后,一个实体(以后称为SCP-702-1)将由花瓶中出现并开始与接触SCP-702的个人交流。
基于当接触者通过薄且热传导的材料与SCP-702接触时,SCP-702-1出现;而当接触者通过隔热材料与SCP-702接触时,SCP-702-01不出现的情况,推断其识别方式似乎是通过热量感应的。
SCP-702-01是一个以空气振动来交流的聪明气态生物。
由于SCP-702-1对试图靠近与其进行物理接触人员的暴力反应,尚未成功从其身上获得样本。
在出现后,SCP-702-1与接触SCP-702的人员问好,并尝试说服该人员给它一个礼物。
如果该人员拒绝,SCP-702-1【数据被删除】,并从尸体上取下一部分或一块。
有一些物品会被SCP-702-01拒绝,因为其声称“已经有一个了”,并且要求一个新礼物,并归还给出的物体。
如果SCP-702-01接受被给出的礼物,它在给还一个大致等值于给出物品的物件后消失。
成功与SCP-702交易的记录参见实验702-001至702-004。
附录:实验记录702-001:D级人员D-5567被给予一支削尖的提康德罗加#2(即HB,译者注)铅笔。
D-5567:那么,我就摸它了?█████████博士:没错,D-5567。
你把东西准备好了,对吧?D-5567:没错,不过这就是个破铅笔。
不过我还没看出来我要用它做什么。
█████████博士:别担心,就碰一下那个花瓶就好。
scp基础规则与人物卡(SCPbasicrulesandcharactercards)
scp基础规则与人物卡(SCP basic rules and character cards)Group name: SCP mercenariesGenre: integrated Adventure (integrated)PC number: 6-12 peopleWay of doing: traditional D20 modeRunning time: usually set at 8 in the evening to 9:30, running at least two times a weekThe background of the world: Wikipedia set "SCP foundation" as the background, a group of PC who played the shuttle in various world adventurers, not the ultimate goal, ready to retire.Adventure: a single or whole team will act together, then start each time you are ready, and then return to the SCP team area after the risk has been completed.Death: PC may die in an adventure, and the death of a character cannot be resurrected (unless some extremely dangerous SCP is used).Examples and commentary on character cardsExample of character cards:The name of Dikesi YinFantasy career: Church WalkerReal career: Librarian age: 14 sex: Female Background: Puritan - necessary evil ChurchAttribute: Power 8 (free attribute point -2)Agile 8 (free attribute point -2)Physique 10Perception 10Intellect 20 (free attribute point +10)Charm 12 (free attribute point +2)Life value: 11 (base + physical fitness adjustment value 1)Defense rating: 11 (10+ walker, 2- agility 1)Melee attack bonus: 9Remote attack bonus: 9Renown: 1000 (necessary evil Church)Skill:Read LV3, LV2 (the hinder necessary evil church skills)Expertise:Steel stomach bag (Iron, Stomach) 2(requirement: physique 8)Almost any kind of food can be eaten, whether it is greasy food during a hangover, orMoldy food, or roots or insects in the wild. Survival skills in related situationsDice + 2 against hunger and fitness dice + 3. Character card production instructions1: the initial character level is 12: characters have background, background is related to modern society works 3: characters have 2 occupation, fantasy career as background related, realistic occupation such as name4: attribute points free ten points, the basis for the full property of 105: characters initially have 5 skill points6: characters initially have 1 practical points7: initial skills assignment must have both practical and fantasy occupationsDetailed description:Genre: characters are divided into four categories: mortal, fantasy, hero and reality distortionMortal:Mortals have a basic affinity for all the world's storiesMortals have double skill points at the beginningMortal feats upgrade difficulty -1A mortal can not take part in a fantasy careerMortals can take part-time jobs, Max 4Fantasy species:Fantasy species have a basic affinity for the fantasy world, and the world property in the wasteland is suppressed to eighty percentFantasy nature, extra attribute, +2Fantasy races have racial characteristicsThe fantasy race has an enemy race, the damage between the race and the fantasy species, an additional +2Fantasy can not take up most of the real jobFantasy can not part-timeHero:Heroes have a basic affinity for the legendary world, and in the real world, attributes will be suppressed to eighty percentHeroes innate extra feats +1Heroes have legendary featsHeroes have enemies, and this type of character is two times as damaging to heroes as it isA hero can assume most of his dream careerHeroes can't work part-timeReality twisterThe reality twist has a basic affinity for most of the world's stories, and the world property in the chamber of secrets will be suppressed to eighty percentThe reality distortion man has the innate specialty "the distortion reality", he may once daily, through a D20DC15 dice, changes any time in his vision scope the result, the defeat is weak one day.The real distortion, the innate charm, +3The reality of the distortion and the characters' acquisitionof expertise only needs half of the normal condition, and the need to practice is twice as fast as the actual distortionThe damage between all planetary agents and actual distortions is two times that of each otherA real twister can work part-timeCharacter attribute:Power: related to all the judgment that requires strength, over 10 points, +1 per second;It also deals with melee weapon damageAt five every 1Agile: related to all agile decisions, more than 10 points, +1 per second, and the speed of responseRanged weapon damage; increases the response speed by 1 every 10 points; ranged weapon damage by 1 every five pointsPerception: relating to all the judgments needed to be aware, judging +1 at 10 points per second, and relating to the awareness playLove ability, every five points, +1Constitution: it is related to all the decisions that need physical fitness. At 10 or above, +1 is judged at two points.It is also related to the value of lifeThe life value is over 10, and the +1 is judged at two pointsIntelligence: it involves all the judgments that require intelligence. At 10 or more, +1 is judged at two points. It is also related to skill pointsAs a result, each character gets a skill point of 4+ (intelligence, -10) /2Charisma: it's all about the need for charisma. More than 10, +1 is judged at each point. It's also related to the initialAttitude, NPC initial attitude added (charm -10) /2 bonusAC=10+ agility adjustment + career adjustment + shape correction;Melee attack bonus, =10+ power modifier + career modifier + shape modifier;Ranged attack bonus =10+, agility modifier + career modifier + shape modifier;Magic strike: basic attack bonus of magic + Intelligence correction + body shape correction + distance impairment;Magic damage: the basic damage bonus of magic + perception correction + shape correction + distance impairment - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -About skills:Practical skills: large guns (forces), small guns (quick), energy weapons (perception),Combat (strength), close combat weapon (force), throwing (force), medical (perception), Science (Intelligence)The machine (physique), knowledge (Zhi Li), unlock (Agile), avoid trap (perception),Eloquence (Mei Li), stealth (agility), theft (agility), field knowledge (perception), tune (Mei Li)Read (Intelligence), tumble (quick)About expertise:Practical expertise:High speed circulation system: speed your recovery is doubled, but in the poison or radiation is to get 3 extra bonusSmall and exquisiteYour agility, +1, but your weight is only half the normal.Single guns:You use guns or energy weapons in one hand, a small dice or energy but use the hands holding the +1.Weapon, dice -1Sense (Unseen)(requirements: ordinary human beings, perception 2)Sixth senses of the supernatural.The body reacts when it comes to something,Probably with hair raised, goose bumps on the arms, backsThe feeling of judgment is judged by the rising cold of the ridge,Vary. Characters are not necessarily seen or seen, nor do they necessarily know exactly what they areWhat is the one time?What.Ambidexterity (requirements: only when the role set selection)When using a non customary hand, the hit will not be judged -Brawling Dodge 1(requirement: Force 2, melee or melee weapon 1): useCombat orMelee weapons, ac+1.Disarm (Disarm) (requirement: Agility 3, melee or melee weapon 2)Using melee or melee weaponsWhen the result of a hit hit is greater than or equal to the opponent's agility, you can choose to dismount the opponent's opponentWeapons, not damage. The distance from the weapon to the ground is yours"Success dice x1".Improved Initiative (agile requirements: 3):L + 1Combat skills (Fighting, Finesse) 2 (requirements: Agility 3, melee or melee weapon 2):Choose the same martial artsThe number of dice used in attack can be hit by agile adjustment instead of force adjustment. This feat canPlural possession, such as combat skills - knives, combat skills - sticks.Punch 1 (requirements: strength 3, physique 2, Combat 2)The result of an attack is greater than or equal to the opponentThe physical properties, you can choose out each other, each other to the next round of action.Blows (Combination)(request: heavy fist)In one round,Make the same opponentAttack two times, second times the number of attacks - 1.Cons: you can't use agility in this roundValue for defense.Power attack (Haymaker) (Group: click): attack dice result is greater than or equal to each otherWhen the physical attributes of the opponent throw a physical dice, the failure will lose consciousness of several rounds (equal to the damage value), if successfulStill lose the next move.Cons: you can't use agile values for defense during this round.Martial arts kung fu (Fighting Style: Kung Fu - 1-5)Requirements: strength 2, agility 2, physique 2,Hand to hand 2)Special skills that can be used in hand to hand attacks.1 concentration (Focused Attack)Effect of specific parts of armor attack, 1 point reduction.2 - Attack (Defensive)Defense + attack, 2. Cons: full turn action3 - tin (Iron Skin)Every hurt 1..4 - Crazy Boxing (Whirlwind Strike)In one round, make "agile - on the same opponent"Second attack, No.Two attack dice - 1, third more dice - 2, and so on. Disadvantages: theAction is full turn actionFleet of Foot (requirement: Force 2):The speed of 5.Huge figure (Giant)(request: select only when setting roles)You are seven feet tall and over 250 poundsVolume 1 (that is, the life will also 1), +1 power, defense -1(Gunslinger) ("technical requirements: 3, a small agile or energy weapons 3):In one round,Attack simultaneously with two guns on the same opponent. Such as unparalleled hand lingAn artful feat is not an attack by the hand that is used to itThe dice will still be - 2. The second attackDice - 1. This feat is limited to handguns.Cons: full turn actionStamina (Iron) (requirement: physique 3 or fortitude 3)Good at night and pain..Disadvantages: whenWhen you have this feat, you will have a restSleep well in twelve hours (orLonger) it's hard to get up.Steel stomach bag (Iron, Stomach) 2(requirement: physique 2)Almost any kind of food can be eaten, no matter whatEat greasy food during a hangover, orMoldy food, or roots or insects in the wild. In related circumstancesSurvival skillsDice + 2 against hunger and fitness dice + 3.Natural immunity (Natural, Immunity) 1(requirement: physique 2)The number of serious diseases can be counted by hand. Fight disease andInfected body dice + 2.High speed gun / Sword (Quick Draw) 1(request: Agility 3)Instant action. High speed gun does not meanHigh speed sword, different types of weapons toAlso buy this feat.Rapid rehabilitation (Quick, Healer) 4(requirement: physique 4)The response time is twice as fast as the average person.Back (Strong) 1(requirement: physique 2)+2 is considered strength when calculating the weight to be carried.Strong lungs (Strong, Lungs) 3(requirement: physique 3)Gas capacity. Gas capacity. In calculationHold time + 2.Driving (Driver) 1Can drive a vehicle. Different types of vehicles need additional purchase.Stunt Driver (stunt driving) 2(request: Agility 3)You can do irrelevant actions while drivingIf shooting or hitting pedestrians, however, there is still an impairment of -2.Antitoxic ability (Toxin Resistance) 2(requirement: physique 3)Combat poisoning and the number of constitutional dice + 2.It's not easy to get food poisoning or a hangover.Disadvantages: drug effect is not easy to play, whether it is alcohol and nicotineDing or other drugs.=============================================Every adventure,You must select the mandatory completion task and the optional completion task to complete the taskAdditional experience values will be gained (team free allocation)You can pick up a task from a certain force and get the material after it is finishedRewards can also be obtained by doing business or selling special items,Fantasy expertise can only be gained from the adventure world ========================================================= The creation of a world of adventure:Occurrence time: 1D4, ancient, ancient, modern, future.The difficulty of 1d3: low magic, magic, high magic.Plot type, 1D20:1, chamber, class, 2-5 wasteland, 6-10 science fiction, 11-15 magic, 16-19 super, 20 campus.The locations were 1D6:1 Europe, 2 Asia, 3 Americas, 4 Africa, 5 orbit, and 6 extraterrestrial.Plot time, 1D6, 1 didn't happen, 2, almost 3, 6, 4, 5, end.Difficult story: 1D3, 1 reinforcements reinforcements, 2 no, 3 SCP reinforcements.。
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2-13.衣物和手套的贮存◆在干净和干燥的场所存放衣物和手套;◆确保衣物和手套不暴露于溅水、灰尘或其它污染物;◆将干净的和脏的衣物、手套分开存放。
食品加工企业应有更换和重新使用衣物和手套的书面的制度(SSOP)。
许多企业将手套、围裙和靴子分发给员工自己控制,并要求员工将分发的物品保留在厂内,定期进行检查和更换。
设备设计、制造和定位2-14.设计和安装食品接触设备:◆排水并不存积污物;◆提供清洁和检查的通道;◆适当的工厂环境食品接触面应制造和设计得易于清洁和消毒。
任何缝隙或关节应连接光滑。
设备的设计应避免尖角或可妨碍正常清洗和消毒的结构。
表面应不积水和污物。
国家或地方的法规可能有具体的要求:固定的设备应远离加工车间的墙,并高出地面安置以留出清洁的通道。
确保支撑的部件焊接紧密无昆虫容身之处。
确定食品机械安装或重新定位高出地面以便于维修、清洁和消毒。
如果需要牢固的支架基座,地板与机械连相接处应凹进且紧密接缝,建议用混凝土填满中空的基座。
食品加工厂中常用单体、圆的凹型基座的立式支撑,而较少使用H 型支撑。
在满足安全和重量支撑的条件下,应尽量设计使用最少的支撑面。
购买机器时,注意观察电动机和控制面板的位置,电动机应安装在设备上而不是地面上,更不能在生产流水线上面。
电动机的连接线应为防水的,电线管应密封防止昆虫进入,为保护电线并便于清洁,电线应缠绕于线管中。
开关盒应远离加工设备,可以清洁而无触电危险。
地板支撑体表面应有倾斜度,便于排水。
线路导管口应插入地板或者头顶上缠绕线路的接线盒。
传送带应由不吸水、耐腐蚀和易于清洗的材料(例如,尼龙或者不锈钢)制成。
在选择传送带时要考虑的很重要的因素是温度。
许多塑料材料不能经受在冷冻通道内的低温或者煎锅里的高热。
发动机和油轴承应置于油脂不能污染产品的地方。
水和蒸汽应通过隔热的管道输送到食品加工机械,以避免管道的表面温度极高或极低,使空气中的水分冷凝,从而导致卫生问题。
过滤器应每月检查,如果生产需要,检查频率可以更高。
在修缮时,管道应被安装或重新安置于离墙和地板至少7.6cm之处,以便于彻底地清洁和消毒。
管架悬挂轴应为圆形并挂在曲柄上。
食品接触面的清洁和消毒清洁和消毒食品接触面是控制病源微生物的基础。
由于直接或间接接触不卫生的表面,是导致水产品被污染的潜在因素,对食品的安全构成威胁。
必须证实食品接触面的卫生条件符合卫生控制程序(SCP)。
有效的卫生标准操作程序(SSOP)列出基本的清洁和消毒计划。
清洁和消毒通常包括五个步骤:清除(扫)、预冲洗(简短)、使用清洁剂(可能包括擦洗)、后冲洗和使用消毒剂。
2-15.清洗和消毒的五个步骤1.清除(扫);2.预冲洗;3.使用清洁剂;4.后冲洗;5.消毒。
清洁再次强调清洁的重要性,企业卫生计划的有效性不仅与消毒剂的类型有关,通常还与正确实施的清洁程序有关。
除非先用适当的清洁剂进行清洁,否则仅使用氯溶液清洗设备和加工表面,在任何浓度下都不会起到消毒的作用。
清洁剂和消毒剂的品种选择、浓度以及使用的方法取决于以下几个因素:1)污物的性质;2)需要清洁和消毒的程度;3)被清洗表面的类型;4)用于清洗和消毒的设备的类型。
仅仅依靠消毒剂不能除去微生物。
污物并不都是可看见,包括鱼组织、锈迹、加工废物、油渍、细菌孢子、灰尘等。
某些细菌,包括一些致病菌,可以通过形成孢子以适应恶劣的环境条件。
它们发生了实质性的变化,伸出卷须附着在表面或互相附着,并很快释放出粘液层(一种多糖)进一步保护自身。
使用普通的肥皂和水清洗不能有效去除细菌的孢子,它耐受普通的消毒剂能力比自由状态高达1000倍,因此应采用系统的清洁程序除去孢子和其它污物。
清除(扫)是用扫帚、刷子或者橡皮拖把从表面扫除食品颗粒和污物。
加工者经常使用水喷枪代替扫帚清扫颗粒,这种行为会增加水的耗费,导致水的污染或者水处理费用高,又产生阻塞排水管和湿的固体废物的处理问题。
另外水喷枪也可能将灰尘和细菌扩散到工厂的其它区域(例如,墙、设备和工作台)。
预冲洗是使用水去除在干洗步骤中漏下的小颗粒,为使用清洁剂浸湿表面。
但是,在使用清洁剂前不必仔细的去除颗粒。
清洁剂有助于去除颗粒以及减少清洗时间和用水量。
对各种不同的清洁剂,必须按产品的说明使用。
家用清洁剂和手接触使用的清洁剂统称为普通(GP)清洁剂。
它们作用缓和而且安全,可用于油漆或者易腐蚀的表面。
但它们不能用于整个工厂的商业加工环境。
然而,GP清洁剂对微脏的表面或有充分的接触时间并擦洗时是有效的。
对大多数加工厂推荐使用碱性或氯清洁剂,比普通用途的清洁剂去除食品污物的效果更好。
碱性清洁剂的pH范围从弱碱性到强碱性(腐蚀性)。
含氯产品通常对除掉难清洗的蛋白质类的污物或在清洗那些由于其形状或尺寸难以清洁的表面时更有效,例如有孔的筐和废物箱。
含氯产品也是碱性的,大多数具有很强的腐蚀性,不能用于易腐蚀的材料,例如铅。
尽管氯清洁剂有助于污物的化学降解,但它们是清洁剂而不是消毒剂。
对目前使用GP清洁剂操作的一种通常的对策是改换强力的含氯清洁剂,使用一到两周后,用某种弱碱性清洁剂保持清洁。
大多数的水产品加工污物含有蛋白质可被碱和氯清洁剂有效去除,有时也使用酸清洁剂去除无机的金属沉积(锈迹)和与硬水有关的水垢。
在使用过量的碱或酸的情况下,会产生例如像废水处理限制或设备腐蚀等问题,酶清洁剂可作为一种可接受的替代物。
因为酶对于给定的污染物类型具有专一性,因此这种清洁剂对于普通的工厂使用不如其它清洁剂有效。
酶清洁剂适合于蛋白质、油或碳水化合物类污物。
面包屑、粉糊或淀粉用于加工时常会产生碳水化合物类的污物,弱碱性清洁剂可有效的去除这些物质。
烟熏室和蒸煮机表面特别难于清洁,需要使用专用的高腐蚀性的清洁化合物。
2-16.清洁剂类型:◆普通(GP)清洁剂;◆碱;◆含氯的清洁剂(氯化碱);◆酸;◆酶。
对于任何给定的清洁剂和污物,清洁的有效性取决于基本的因素:接触时间、温度、物理擦洗和水化学。
2-17.清洁剂的有效性与下列因素有关:◆接触时间;◆温度;◆物理擦洗;◆水化学。
接触时间清洁不是瞬时的工作,需要时间从表面渗透和松动污物,增加接触时间的简单的方法是设立浸泡箱或池。
工器具、盘子和其它小的设备浸泡一整天,可以显著的减少下一步用抹布或者刷子手工擦洗的工作量。
当拆卸设备的大部件进行每天工作后清洁时,也可以置于指定的浸泡池。
而固定的部件只能进行现场清洗。
为避免锈斑或者其它损害,长时间浸泡时应选择适当的清洁剂。
很显然,设备的大部件或者固定附件不能浸没于清洁液中,增加与这些表面接触时间的有效方法是使用泡沫清洁剂,也可使用但较少用凝胶清洁剂。
空气与泡沫清洁剂相混合产生均匀一致的薄泡沫,泡沫吸附于需清洁的表面,甚至吸附于在擦洗或冲洗前就会变干的垂直表面。
像其它污物一样,变干的清洁剂在冲洗前必须用新配的清洁剂充分清除。
使用泡沫还有其它目的。
清洁剂、水和空气被泡沫设备混合,产生均匀浓度的清洁剂。
在使用前,泡沫是很容易看见的,有利于均匀的覆盖、掌握最佳的化学用量和避免疏漏。
现有多种类型的泡沫机,通常分为三类:1)在线型系统2)预充电便携机3)软管终端机。
在线型泡沫机与工厂的供水系统相连,从一个大的容器中吸出清洁剂,将压缩空气注入水管中产生泡沫。
便携式泡沫机由水箱组成,里面定量填充了清洁剂和水,然后用压缩空气加压,将内容物通过与在线型系统相似的软管和喷嘴传送,可以被推到需要的地方。
软管终端泡沫机的外表与园艺中心出售的家用杀虫剂和肥料使用机相似,将清洁剂倒入瓶子连到软管上,然后打开水阀送水。
将产生泡沫需要的空气通过真空作用压入溶液。
这种方法产生的湿泡沫比前两种方法的粘着特性较差,但这是最经济的、比使用桶或盆中的清洁剂的效果显著,覆盖面将更均匀,接触时间也将延长。
当使用碱或氯清洁剂时,员工应穿着适当,如水衣、高脚靴和围裙或者全身保护的衣着。
所有的清洁方法,包括泡沫和浸洗都需要充分的接触时间来完全的松动和剥离污物。
弱碱性清洁剂通常需要10~15min来充分松动大部分水产品加工的污物。
过长的时间(超过约20min)会使清洁剂变干、重新沉积为污垢或缩短设备寿命。
因此,无论选择使用何种清洁剂,必须考虑接触时间。
有时清洗方法应根据需被清洁的加工设备进行分类。
有的加工设备有下水管或者管道,不必拆卸部件即可清洁,这种清洁被称为原位清洁或CIP。
封闭的加工系统在规定的间隔时间将加工线路和辅助设备(例如热交换器或阀门)输入一种或多种清洁液,乳品工业使用这种方法清洁牛奶生产线,在CIP使用中通常需要特殊设计得低泡清洁剂。
当设备必须被拆卸进行清洁时,这种清洁被称为离位清洁或COP。
2-18.清洁剂使用方法◆浸泡池;◆泡沫;◆自动系统;●CIP(原位清洁);●部件清洗剂。
◆人工(桶)。
温度大部分的化学反应随温度的升高而加快,清洁剂的效力也是同样的,但也有很多重要的例外情况。
有许多种类型的蒸汽清洁机可以加热清洁液和冲洗用水,尽管可有利于渗入和剥离某些食品污物,但并不是越热越好。
大部分生的水产品残渣含有蛋白质,这些蛋白质极易被热水变性或煮熟,即使在溶液温度接近商用热水清洗的最低温(大约60℃)时也可发生。
这些蒸煮过的污物特别顽固、需要比通常情况更多地时间和擦洗力量或者使用更强力的清洁剂来去除。
一种方法是用水先浸湿,用清洁剂清洗,然后再用60~71℃热水冲洗。
这样可以增强效果,并减少使工厂表面的水产品残渣受到蒸煮的危险。
有些情况,例如对蒸煮机和烟熏室的清洁,可使用高腐蚀性的清洁剂或碱(腐蚀性苏打)加热到82℃或更高。
由于产生化学反应使污物分解,从而不会形成蛋白质变性食品残留。
污垢裂解(擦洗)选择适当的清洁剂和使用方法将会减少人工擦洗的工作量,但是经常需要物理性的擦洗以去除污物。
必须仔细地选择清洁工器具来保证效果。
在很多情况下,根据用途,可以选择包括刷子、抹布和压力喷枪等合适的方法。
偶尔才需要手工清洁。
2-19.清洗步骤范例加工者每天将碱性泡沫清洁剂涂于设备上,保持一段时间后直接冲洗掉,而不需要擦洗。
每周用刷子或抹布擦洗一次。
2-20.物理去除污物:◆刷子——要求适当的硬度;◆抹布——适当的擦拭特性;◆压力喷枪——中等压力。
只有恰当地选择刷子和抹布才能高效,如果需要增加压力去除难以去除的污物,刷毛可能倾斜导致效力显著降低,这时需要硬刷。
但是过硬的毛刷可能不适于表面形状或在使用时可能需要额外的压力,使用者使用长柄的硬刷会很快的疲劳。
刷子和扫帚应该用颜色标识用在指定的区域。
在原料区使用的刷子、扫帚或抹布绝对不能用于即食食品的加工区。
抹布作为手工的清洗工器具应用普遍,它们易于有效的清洁表面并且省力。
与刷子相比,它们可以增加使用者的感觉。
例如,抹布上的手指可以在加工桌边移动来增加接触,抹布也适于清洗刀具和其它小器具。