现代大学英语精读4lesson5_text appreciation
大学英语精读教程 Book 4 Unit 5
2. conceal vt. 隐瞒
e.g. She concealed her fear from the young members of the family. I knew at once that the doctor was concealing something from me. Note: conceal … from …
2. expose vt. make known揭露；暴露
ex-
: prefix向外 e.g. The newspaper exposed the activities of the secret organization. After the scandal was exposed, Mr. Johnson and his wife both committed suicide. Note: expose … to … exposure n.
9. at times: sometimes; once in a while 间或，偶尔
e.g. We have noodles for lunch at times. As my father is getting on in years, he gets very sleepy at times.
4. dwarf n. 矮子；矮小的动 (植)物
e.g. The dwarf sees farther than the giant, when he has the giant’s shoulders to mount on. They are dwarfs beside Shakespeare.
16. betrayt betrayed when the President went back on his promise not to raise taxes. Who could have thought that he had betrayed his best friend to the enemy?
现代大学英语精读4课后答案(外语教学出版社)
Lesson One Thinking as a HobbyAnswers:I. I have concluded that there were three grades of thinking since I was a child, while myself could not think at all. The subject of thinking was first brought up to me by my headmaster, in whose study I was shown the statuettes of Venus, leopard and the Thinker, which stands for love, nature and pure thought respectively. I was demanded to learn thinking there. People like Mr. Houghten provided me the image of Grade-three thinking, which is often full of unconscious prejudice, ignorance and hypocrisy. The grade-two thinker tends to find the deficiencies of the others, and may enjoy moments of delight, but it does not make for personal security. A still higher grade of thought demands people set out to find the truth and get it .Though these grade-one thinkers were few, I aspired to become one of them and devised a coherent moral and logical system for living. I stood to lose a great deal for my determination, but finally I dropped my hobby and turned professional in that.II.1 . C2 . C3 . D4 . D5 . C6 .B7 .C 8. D 9 .D 10. D 11. B 12 .D 13 .D 14 .B 15 . C 16 .D 17 .B 18 .D 19 . D 20 .CIII. OmittedLesson Two Waiting for the PoliceAnswers:Ⅰ.Oral workⅡ.Vocabulary⒈ Choose the right word and put it in the proper form1)earnest/serious serious serious earnest/serious earnest/serious2)make full use of took advantage of take advantage of make full use of take advantage of make some use of3)advise advised suggest proposed suggest propose suggest⒉Put the missing word2)will work is are reproduces deplete add3)can move don’t tear skin will never take areⅢ.Grammar workChoose the right expression1) in fact 2)especially at an advanced level2) it was that long ,I am sure 4)of course5)however 6)on the other hand7)I suppose 8)whether invited or notⅣ.Written work (omitted)Ⅴ.Translation1) It is miracle how our company has developed into a multinationalinsuch a short span of time2) The average life span of that country has increased from 42years to 50 years in matter of two decades.3) The conflict between the two countries has spanned more thanhalfA century4)There are four bridges spanning the river.5)I’m much obliged to you .Without your help, I would never have finished the book.6）No，you are not obliged to go to the party. You don’t have to go if youdon’t want to.7）She’s always ready to oblige when people come to her help. 8)In the valley is a small lack right between a meadow and a hill. It is aperfect spot for picnic.9)Sitting in that shady spot he soon dozed off.10)He criticized me on the spot when he saw me throw a plastic bag by the roadside.Lesson Three Why Historians DisagreeAnswersI. Oral workII. Vocabulary Test1. Choose the right word and put it in the proper form1) Historic historical2) Limited restricted3) Sensitive sensible2. Reading Comprehension1. P phenomenon2. B strength3. E tropical4. L bringing5. K starvation6. Jdestructive7. N worth 8. An estimate 9. O strikeIII. Grammar workComplete the following sentences with the most likelyanswer.1. C2.C3.A4.C5.CLesson Four A Drink in the PassageI. Oral work (omitted)II. Vocabulary Test:1 Translate1) into Chinese.(1)难以解决的两难困境(2)一本难以看懂的书(3)一个爱交际的女人(4)黑市(5)黑色幽默(6)害群之马2) into English(1)to celebrate its Golden Jubilee(2)to excite admiration(3)to touch the conscience(4)to win the prize(5)to receive a reprimand(6)to omit the words2. Study the difference between the following pairs or groups of words.1)(1)renounce (2)announce (3)renounce (4)denounced2)(1)avoid; prevent (2)prevent (3)avoid (4)averted/ avoided/ preventedIII. Grammar work1. Complete the following sentences with the right from of the verb in the brackets.(1) is (2) are (3)was (4)frightens2. Translate the sentences into English.1) Using “It is/ was said/ believed, etc.” to express general beliefs.(1)It’s widely rumored that Linda’s getting promoted.(2)It is estimated that the project will cost RMB three billion.(3)It is assumed that the Labor Party will remain in power.(4)It was proposed a few years ago that the president be elected for one term only.2) Paying special attention to subject-verb agreement.(1)The jury is having trouble reaching a verdict.(2)Whenever either of us is in a tight corner, we always come to each other’s help.(3)Statistics are facts obtained from analyzing information given in numbers.(4)Statistics is a branch of mathematics concerned with the studyof information that is expressed in numbers.3. Put in appropriate connectives.(1)as , where , that/which, if/ whether, but , if.4. Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer.(1) B (2)A (3)ALesson Five Man of the MomentAnswersI. Oral workII. Vocabulary１）ｉｎｔｏＣｈｉｎｅｓｅａ．假日别墅ｂ．著名的电视明星Ｃ．下流语言ｄ．黄色故事ｅ．银行抢劫ｆ．生产双沉玻璃的公司2) Into EnglishA .to trickle down her legsB .to puff like a whaleC .to melt down like snowD .to sum up the sceneE .to do their interviewF . to bear resentment3) Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbsa. down; up .b. inC. to; by; for d. back; to4)Tell the difference between the following pairs or groups of words.a. tormented/torturedb. torturec. tormenting/torturing2.a. murmuringb. mutterc. murmuringd. mutteringIII. Translatea. We need to increase our oil import in the coming years to meet the growingDemand for energyb. Our profit has increased by 20% in the past two years.c. The number of privately-owned cars has increased five times(fivefold ) in five years.d. The number of mobile phone owners in our city has increased from 20 thousandto about half a million in less than 5 years.e. S he propped her bike against a tree.Lesson Six Groundless BeliefsAnswersI. Oral Work:（1）T hey are based on mere tradition, or on somebody’s strong statement without the support of proof unsupported by even the slightest trace of proof.（2）B ut if they were exchanged when they were infants and brought up in different homes and under different influences, then the staunchest Roman Catholic would be the staunchest Presbyterian, and vice versa. This shows that our beliefs are largely influenced by our surroundings.Ⅱ.Vocabulary1.Translate1) into Chinese(1)非理性因素（2）过去的好日子（3）思想模式（4）陈旧的故事（5）思路（6）鲜明的对比（7）强烈发满足感（8）感情上的联想（9）一场恶吵（10）酸葡萄2) into English（1）to classify propositions (2) to hold an opinion (3) to establish convictions(4) to reverse the process (5) to question the truth (6) to adopt a new belief(7) to demonstrate the contrary (8)to credit the fact (9) to entertain an opinion(10) to acquire wealth2.Put appropriate prepositions or adverbs in the blanks1) out/over 2)on/upon 3)at; about 4)off 5)on; off3.Translate1) We will achieve this result at any cost.2)Our economy began to grow by leaps and bounds as a result of the reform and open policy.3)His repressive policies only resulted in his quick fall.4) Many of our present problems in a way to dispose of nuclear waste.5) The fact that you like somebody may dispose you to like hisideas also.４．Complete the following sentences.1) were brought up in a different country; think and behave like a native of that country.2) will produce ten million kilowatts of power annually.3) that she did not care for office work4)the boy stabbing his own father5) postpone my retirement for another yearⅢ.GrammarComplete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets1) When young 2)unless forbidden 3)If cooked in tomato sauce 4) Once out of trouble 5) When urged2. Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer.1)A 2)A 3)C 4)C/D 5)BL esson Seven Spring Sowing AnswersⅠOral WorkⅡVocabulary test1 Show the difference between the following pairs or groups ofwords1)(1)bosom (2)chest (3)breast (4)breast(5)bosom (6)bosom (7)chest2)(1)scattered (2)spread (3)spread (4)scatterⅢGrammar1) Reading, called, printed, used, refers, presented, bedownloaded, used2) Had not passed ,was, was hidden, hung, suspended, walked,holding, worked, leading,came, be seenⅣWritten WorkWrite a short essay of 150-200words commending on the hardships and joys of farmers as described in the story.Hardships and Joys of FarmersThe farmers love the land appreciate and joys of agrarian living and they also have toEndure the hardships the agrarian living. They have strong wistfulness and ardor of the spring,because they are looking forward to the good results achieved from a spring sowing. In thespring, they are experiencing the hardworking, however, on to prove summer, in the autumn, thewill get a big harvest. Full of hope, the man try to prove their manhood by plowing the field 10hours a day to conquer the land . They feel afraid of the earth, the peasant’s slave master that would keep them chained to hard work and poverty all her life until they died and buried in the earth. Once in a while, they want to break the chains on them as peasants. But because of the developing conditions and background of the society then, they can’t choose their own destiny .In order to survive the society, they can but to work in the field day after day, year after year.ⅤTranslation1) Zhuge Liang pretended to be very calm and succeeded infooling Sima Yi who did not know that the city was really unguarded.2) If you compare American students with Chinese students,you’ll find some interesting similarities and differences.3) You can see that the students are bursting with question.4) Zhan Tianyou was a man of many talents. But he is bestremembered as the man who has helped to design and buildChina’s first railway line.Lesson Eight Globalization’s Dual PowerAnswers1 . Translateinto Chinese(1). 时髦字眼（2）债券融资（3）跨境兼并与收购额（4）国际收支（盈余）（5）规模经济（6）可怕的前景（7）民众强烈的反应（8）缺少共同的议事日程（9）申请加入（10）推广技术into English（1）national sovereignty （2）trade negotiations(3) ever-declining coasts (4) economic forecasts(5) in one critical respect (6) financial markets(7) an ensuing financial crisis (8) after adjusting for inflation(9) the Institute of International Finance(10) office buildingsII. Note the difference between the following pairs or groups of words:1)(1) surpass (2) exceeded (3) surpassed (4) exceeding (5) surpass(6) exceeding2)(1) threat (2) menace /thereat (3) threats (4) menace /thereat (5) threatIII. Grammar in the ContextComplete with the most likely answer1.D2.B3.C4.A5.CIV. Written worksWrite an essay of about 200words on the topic.What is your understanding of globalization? In what way do you think it will affect your career?In my opinion, Globalization describes the growth in international exchange and interdependence. With growing flows of trade and capital investment there is the possibility of moving beyond an inter-national economy. Each member of the world community becomes more and more integrated and inter-dependent. Globalization also refers to a process of removing government-imposed restrictions on movements between countriesin order to create an open, borderless world economy.Of course, Globalization, to a large extent, ensured that China’s economy would develop in a balanced way by keeping pace with the world economy. Increased globalization has brought the world vast investment space in China and thus boosted China’s economic growth. What the globalization brought to us is both opportunity and challenge.will affect my future career too. With the development of economic globalization and international communication, English becomes more and more important .The fast pace of globalization presents huge opportunities for those who participate proactively in this internationalization process. As a English major, I want to take par in this process. I want to be a qualified and excellent interpreter after graduation. Interpreters, like translators are bridges between different cultures. In the co ntext of today’s globalization, their roles are particularly important. Whether a business will succeed or how successful a business will be depends on them to a certain extent. I will do my best to matter English in order to help international businessman work more efficiently. I will be devoted to my study and future career. So globalization will have great effects on my career.V. Translate(1) O ur company projected an 8% growth rate next year.(2) China is projected to be the world’s workshop in 10 years. Butthat should not make us smug.(3) Y ou can project your slides on the wall.(4) H e tried to project himself as a strong man in the electioncampaign.(5) I sometimes try to project myself into the future when I shallbecome a mother myself.(6) T he building of the dam is a multibillion-dollar project.(7) W e have a strong team of six people working on this project.(8) I’m greatly relieved to hear the news.(9) O ne way to relieve your distress is to keep yourself busy.(10) Diogenes would relieve himself by the roadside just like adog.Lesson Nine The Most Dangerous Game AnswersI. Oral work.II. Vocabulary Test.Put the most appropriate words in the blanks.1)at bay/in check 2)away 3)out4)gave way 5)rolled; on 6)intent7)on; pressed/plunged/forced himself 8)rests9)struck; ran 10)stock 11)straightened12)froze; trigger 13)slid/climbed/tumbled14)replace 15)winding/leadingIII. Grammar workComplete the sentences using a where-clause.1) where you are2) where I can not agree with you3) where there is enough light4)where he came from; where two big rivers joined5)where his house had been/used to be6)where survival of many of its institutions of higher learningdepends much on overseas students7)where we could find the type of person our boss wants8)toward where her children are playing9)where he had gone10)the shop where he bought the medicineIV. Written work“The Most Dangerous Game” was written in 1924. The incidents described in the story take place shortly after WorldWar I and the Russian October Revolution. Zaroff was a Cossack general under the Czarist regime, which had been overthrown. After he flees his country, he spends all of his time hunting.Sanger Rainsford is a well-known American big-game hunter who fought in France during the war and has published works on hunting. Despite the dissimilarities in the backgrounds and personalities of these two men, their conception of hunting is alike. Rainsford think s that “the world is made up of hunters(and the hunted. Zaroff believes “life is for the strong”.Lesson Ten The TelephoneAnswers:I. Omitted.II. OmittedIV. Quiz1.D2.C3.D4.D5.AV. Written workThe InternetWhen I was a little child in a small village, I never knew what telephone was and what electricity was. At that time, when I wantedto contact with someone I just went to his family or cried out his name to make me heard. Then I went to a small town to study in a middle school a couple years later. In the text book and in the office of my teachers I saw a machine by which talked with somebody. At first I was amazed to see that and I wondered what it was. Through physics textbook, I know it was telephone. Maybe when I was in senior school, about in 1996, I first see computer with my own eyes but not in the picture.After 3 years, I went to a modern city to go to college. There I learned how to operate computer, how to store my own materials in a computer and how to use computer to do something that was difficult for human brain. We can also talked with a friend across oceans and we can search anything that we need, my classmates were crazy about it . That is Internet. But we can not spent too much time on it ,we should use it correctly.。
现代大学英语精读课文
Book 4-Unit 5Text AThe TelephoneAnwar F. Accawi1.When I was growing up in Magdaluna, a small Lebanese village in the terraced, rockymountains east of Sidon, time didn't mean much to anybody, except maybe to those who were dying. In those days, there was no real need for a calendar or a watch to keep track of the hours, days, months, and years. We knew what to do and when to do it, just as the Iraqi geese knew when to fly north, driven by the hot wind that blew in from the desert. The only timepiece we had need of then was the sun. It rose and set, and the seasons rolled by and we sowed seed and harvested and ate and played and married our cousins and had babies who got whooping cough and chickenpox—and those children who survived grew up and married their cousins and had babies who got whooping cough and chickenpox. We lived and loved and toiled and died without ever needing to know what year it was, or even the time of day.2.It wasn't that we had no system for keeping track of time and of the important events in ourlives. But ours was a natural or, rather, a divine—calendar, because it was framed by acts of God: earthquakes and droughts and floods and locusts and pestilences. Simple as our calendar was, it worked just fine for us.3.Take, for example, the birth date of Teta Im Khalil, the oldest woman in Magdaluna and allthe surrounding villages. When I asked Grandma, "How old is Teta Im Khalil"4.Grandma had to think for a moment; then she said, "I've been told that Teta was born shortlyafter the big snow that caused the roof on the mayor's house to cave in."5."And when was that" I asked.6."Oh, about the time we had the big earthquake that cracked the wall in the east room."7.Well, that was enough for me. You couldn't be more accurate than that, now, could you?8.And that's the way it was in our little village for as far back as anybody could remember. Oneof the most unusual of the dates was when a whirlwind struck during which fish and oranges fell from the sky. Incredible as it may sound, the story of the fish and oranges was true, because men who would not lie even to save their own souls told and retold that story until it was incorporated into Magdaluna's calendar.9.The year of the fish-bearing whirlpool was not the last remarkable year. Many othersfollowed in which strange and wonderful things happened. There was, for instance, the year of the drought, when the heavens were shut for months and the spring from which the entire village got its drinking water slowed to a trickle. The spring was about a mile from the village, in a ravine that opened at one end into a small, flat clearing covered with fine gray dust and hard, marble-sized goat droppings. In the year of the drought, that little clearing was always packed full of noisy kids with big brown eyes and sticky hands, and their mothers—sinewy, overworked young women with cracked, brown heels. The children ran around playing tag or hide-and-seek while the women talked, shooed flies, and awaited their turns to fill up their jars with drinking water to bring home to their napping men and wet babies. There were days when we had to wait from sunup until late afternoon just to fill a small clay jar with precious, cool water.10.Sometimes, amid the long wait and the heat and the flies and the smell of goat dung,tempers flared, and the younger women, anxious about their babies, argued over whose turn it was to fill up her jar. And sometimes the arguments escalated into full-blown, knockdown-dragout fights; the women would grab each other by the hair and curse and scream and spit and call each other names that made my ears tingle. We little brown boys who went with our mothers to fetch water loved these fights, because we got to see the women's legs and their colored panties as they grappled and rolled around in the dust. Once in a while, we got lucky and saw much more, because some of the women wore nothing at all under their long dresses. God, how I used to look forward to those fights. I remember the rush, the excitement, the sun dancing on the dust clouds as a dress ripped and a young white breast was revealed, then quickly hidden. In my calendar, that year of drought will always be one of the best years of my childhood.11.But, in another way, the year of the drought was also one of the worst of my life, becausethat was the year that Abu Raja, the retired cook, decided it was time Magdaluna got its own telephone. Every civilized village needed a telephone, he said, and Magdaluna was not going to get anywhere until it had one. A telephone would link us with the outside world. A few men—like the retired Turkish-army drill sergeant, and the vineyard keeper—did all they could to talk Abu Raja out of having a telephone brought to the village. But they were outshouted and ignored and finally shunned by the other villagers for resisting progress and trying to keep a good thing from coming to Magdaluna.12.One warm day in early fall, many of the villagers were out in their fields repairing walls orgathering wood for the winter when the shout went out that the telephone-company truck had arrived at Abu Raja's dikkan, or country store. When the truck came into view, everybody dropped what they were doing and ran to Abu Raja's house to see what was happening. 13.It did not take long for the whole village to assemble at Abu Raja's dikkan. Some of the richvillagers walked right into the store and stood at the elbows of the two important-looking men from the telephone company, who proceeded with utmost gravity, like priests at Communion, to wire up the telephone. The poorer villagers stood outside and listened carefully to the details relayed to them by the not-so-poor people who stood in the doorway and could see inside.14."The bald man is cutting the blue wire," someone said.15."He is sticking the wire into the hole in the bottom of the black box," someone else added.16."The telephone man with the mustache is connecting two pieces of wire. Now he is twistingthe ends together," a third voice chimed in.17.Because I was small, I wriggled my way through the dense forest of legs to get a firsthandlook at the action. Breathless, I watched as the men in blue put together a black machine that supposedly would make it possible to talk with uncles, aunts, and cousins who lived more than two days' ride away.18.It was shortly after sunset when the man with the mustache announced that the telephonewas ready to use. He explained that all Abu Raja had to do was lift the receiver, turn the crank on the black box a few times, and wait for an operator to take his call. Abu Raja grabbed the receiver and turned the crank forcefully. Within moments, he was talking with his brother in Beirut. He didn't even have to raise his voice or shout to be heard.19.And the telephone, as it turned out, was bad news. With its coming, the face of the villagebegan to change. One of the fast effects was the shifting of the village's center. Before the telephone's arrival, the men of the village used to gather regularly at the house of Im Kaleem,a short, middle-aged widow with jet-black hair and a raspy voice that could be heard all overthe village, even when she was only whispering. She was a devout Catholic and also the village whore. The men met at her house to argue about politics and drink coffee and play cards or backgammon. Im Kaleem was not a true prostitute, however, because she did not charge for her services—not even for the coffee and tea that she served the men. She did not need the money; her son, who was overseas in Africa, sent her money regularly. Im Kaleem loved all the men she entertained, and they loved her, every one of them. In a way, she was married to all the men in the village. Everybody knew it but nobody objected. Actually I suspect the women did not mind their husbands'visits to Im Kaleem. Oh, they wrung their hands and complained to one another about their men's unfaithfulness, but secretly they were relieved, because Im Kaleem took some of the pressure off them and kept the men out of their hair while they attended to their endless chores. Im Kaleem was also a kind of confessor and troubleshooter, talking sense to those men who were having family problems, especially the younger ones.20.Before the telephone came to Magdaluna, Im Kaleem's house was bustling at just about anytime of day, especially at night, when the loud voices of the men talking, laughing, and arguing could be heard in the street below—a reassuring, homey sound. Her house was an island of comfort, an oasis for the weary village men, exhausted from having so little to do. 21.But it wasn't long before many of those men—the younger ones especially—startedspending more of their days and evenings at Abu Raja's dikkan. There, they would eat and drink and talk and play checkers and backgammon, and then lean their chairs back against the wall—the signal that they were ready to toss back and forth, like a ball, the latest rumors going around the village. And they were always looking up from their games and drinks and talk to glance at the phone in the corner, as if expecting it to ring any minute and bring news that would change their lives and deliver them from their aimless existence. In the meantime, they smoked cheap, hand-rolled cigarettes, dug dirt out from under their fingernails with big pocketknives, and drank lukewarm sodas that they called Kacula, Seffen-Ub, and Bebsi.22.The telephone was also bad news for me personally. It took away my lucrative business—asource of much-needed income. Before, I used to hang around Im Kaleem's courtyard and play marbles with the other kids, waiting for some man to call down from a window and ask me to run to the store for cigarettes or liquor, or to deliver a message to his wife, such as what he wanted for supper. There was always something in it for me: a ten or even a twenty-five-piaster piece. On a good day, I ran nine or ten of those errands, which assured a steady supply of marbles that I usually lost to other boys. But as the days went by fewer and fewer men came to Im Kaleem's, and more and more congregated at Abu Raja's to wait by the telephone. In the evenings, the laughter and noise of the men trailed off and finally stopped.23.At Abu Raja's dikkan, the calls did eventually come, as expected, and men and womenstarted leaving the village the way a hailstorm begins: first one, then two, then bunches. 24.The army took them. Jobs in the cities lured them. And ships and airplanes carried them tosuch faraway places as Australia and Brazil and New Zealand. My friend Kameel, his cousin Habeeb, and their cousins and my cousins all went away to become ditch diggers andmechanics and butcher-shop boys and deli owners who wore dirty aprons sixteen hours a day, all looking for a better life than the one they had left behind. Within a year, only the sick, the old, and the maimed were left in the village. Magdaluna became a skeleton of its former self, desolate and forsaken, like the tombs, a place to get away from.25.Finally, the telephone took my family away, too. My father got a call from an old army buddywho told him that an oil company in southern Lebanon was hiring interpreters and instructors. My father applied for a job and got it, and we moved to Sidon, where I went to a Presbyterian missionary school and graduated in 1962. Three years later, having won a scholarship, I left Lebanon for the United States. Like the others who left Magdaluna before me, I am still looking for that better life. (2121 words)。
基础英语教学内容
基础英语教学内容基础英语教学内容基础英语课是高等学校英语专业（四年制）基础阶段的主干课程。
本课程参照英语专业低年级和高年级教学大纲对学生英语综合运用能力的要求，力求从听、说、读、写各个方面提高学生的英语语言综合运用能力，为学生今后的专业课学习奠定基础。
以下是小编整理的基础英语教学内容，欢迎阅读。
1）第一学期本学期使用《现代大学英语》（精读）第一册，共15单元，每单元有六大部分组成：准备活动（Warm-up）、背景知识(Background Information) 、课文赏析(Text Appreciation)、课后练习（Exercises）、拓展练习（Extension）以及同步测试（Synchronous Tests）。
本册的教学进度，建议每单元10学时。
Lesson 1 Half a DayPart One: Warm-up (1学时) Part Two: Background Information (1学时) Part Three: Text Appreciation (3学时) Part Four: Exercises (3学时) Part Five: Extension (1学时) Part Six: Synchronous Tests (1学时)Lesson 2 Going HomePart One: Warm-up (1学时) Part Two: Background Information (1学时) Part Three: Text Appreciation (3学时) Part Four: Exercises Part Five: Extension Part Six: Synchronous TestsLesson 3 Message of the LandPart One: Warm-up Part Two: Background Information Part Three: Text Appreciation Part Four: Exercises (3学时) (1学时) (1学时) (1学时) (1学时) (3学时) (3学时) Lesson 4 Lesson 7 Lesson 8 Lesson 9 Lesson 10 Part Five: Extension Part Six: Synchronous Tests The Boy and the Bank OfficerPart One: Warm-up Part Two: Background Information Part Three: Text Appreciation Part Four: Exercises Part Five: Extension Part Six: Synchronous Tests Mandela’s GardenPart One: Warm-up Part Two: Background Information Part Three: Text Appreciation Part Four: Exercises Part Five: Extension Part Six: Synchronous Tests My Personal ManagerPart One: Warm-up Part Two: Background Information Part Three: Text Appreciation Part Four: Exercises Part Five: Extension Part Six: Synchronous Tests Against All OddsPart One: Warm-up Part Two: Background Information Part Three: Text Appreciation Part Four: Exercises Part Five: Extension Part Six: Synchronous Tests The Green BananaPart One: Warm-up(1学时) (1学时) (1学时) (1学时) (3学时) (3学时) (1学时) (1学时) (1学时) (1学时) (3学时) (3学时) (1学时) (1学时) (1学时) (1学时) (3学时) (3学时) (1学时) (1学时) (1学时) (1学时) (3学时) (3学时) (1学时) (1学时) (1学时)Part Two: Background Information (1学时) Part Three: Text Appreciation (3学时) Part Four: Exercises (3学时) Part Five: Extension (1学时) Part Six: Synchronous Tests (1学时) Lesson 12 In Chelsea, Back to SleepPart One: Warm-up (1学时) Part Two: Background Information (1学时) Part Three: Text Appreciation (3学时) Part Four: Exercises (3学时) Part Five: Extension (1学时) Part Six: Synchronous Tests (1学时)Lesson 14 After Twenty YearsPart One: Warm-up (0.5学时) Part Two: Background Information (0.5学时) Part Three: Text Appreciation (2学时) Part Four: Exercises (2学时) Part Five: Extension (0.5学时) Part Six: Synchronous Tests (0.5学时)注：Lesson 5、6、11、13、15为自学，教师在课堂上检查，并记入平时成绩。
现代大学英语 精读4 UNIT1-UNIT6 短语句子翻译(全)另附重点课文全文翻译
浴巾a bath towel 文法学校a grammar school永恒的真理the eternal truth文件柜a filling cabinet新鲜空气fresh air纯属无稽之谈utter nonsense 违规行为delinquent behavior常客a frequent visitor高品德的high-minded monologue 固定的观点a settle view 时事current affairs身体障碍a physical impediment一阵狂风a hideous wind令人厌恶的景象a hideous sight言语障碍 a speech impediment 使人兴奋冲动的爱国激情heady patriotism无情的人侵者the remorseless invaders 首相the Prime Minister 烂苹果rotten apples国际联盟the League of Nations 思维过程a mental process 条理清楚的文章a coherent article一位点头之交a nodding acquaintance一个完整的体系a coherent system一位口译好手a proficient interpreter 一种不可阻挡的趋向an irresistible trend逐字逐句的激励literally inspired夜生活evening life食宿board and lodging 供吃住的寄宿舍boarding-house瞬间a split second玻璃弹子glass marbles做徒劳无益的事whipping the dead horse阿司匹林片aspirin tablets在此情况下in the circumstances提前in advance走过场a matter of form 楼梯间平台的窗户landing window紧张气氛the tense atmosphere毛线针knitting needles梦游to walk in one’s sleep飞机翼展the wingspan of a plane专业的历史工作者professional historians基于常识的反应a common-sense reaction事物的这种状况this state of affairs意见不一的历史学家contending historians老生常谈的事a cut-and-dried matter一个个人喜好的问题a matter of personal preference截然不同的观点diametrically opposed points of view民间故事folk tales书面文件written documents过去的遗留物the remains of the past人的动机和行为human motivations and behavior复杂和精细sophistication and subtlety 商船merchant ships 一旦发生潜艇战in the event of a submarine warfare一个粗糙的理论a crude theory 好战的行为belligerent acts宣传机器a propaganda machine德国外交部长the German foreign secretary权力平衡the balance of power因果关系the cause and effect海岸炮兵the shore batteries 终极关怀the ultimate concern 近因 a proximate cause人们常说的一句话a well-used phrase不会出错的解释 a foolproof explanation绝对有效的模式a model of unquestioned validity 永不停止的探索a never-ending quest一个难以达到但又十分诱人的目标an elusive yet intriguing goal难以解决的两难困境an insoluble dilemma 一本难以看懂的书an incomprehensible book一个爱交际的女人a sociable woman 黑市the black market黑色幽默black humor 害群之马black sheep黑人权利black power表达能力不强的人inarticulate people 全国性活动 a nationwide campaign赞美的话complimentary remarks 淘气男孩a mischievous boy一些有权力的人物certain powerful quarters 种族隔离的学校segregated schools 不可争议的权威indisputable authority公海high sea 上流社会high society 机密的消息confidential information 冷漠的门impersonal doors客观的信an impersonal letter 真诚的羡慕an unselfish envy紧张的声音a strained voice度假别墅holiday villa 一个著名的电视名人a famous television personality刻薄下流语言obscene language 下流故事an obscene story银行袭击a bank raid生产双层玻璃公司a double-glazing company联合抵押joint mortgage 拌嘴a cross word永远达不到的目标an unattainable goal 乡村和西部音乐country and western music加重了的潜水腰带a weighted diving belt 心碎heart-broken以自我为中心的人a self-centered man光是重量sheer weight光是运气sheer luck 一派胡言sheer nonsense军号声bulge call 人工呼吸kiss of life一串气泡 a trail of bubbles一点点关心one tiny scrap of care非理性因素non-rational factors 过去的好日子good old days思想模式thought patterns 陈旧的故事stock anecdotes思路brain path 鲜明的对比 a striking contrast 强烈的满足感keen satisfaction 感情上的联想sentimental association 一场恶吵a bitter quarrel酸葡萄sour grapes毫无根据的意见groundless opinions社会地位social position重要而有说服力的因素 a potent factor怀疑的余地room of doubt一种教条的观点great intellects大学者们great intellects不可避免的结果inevitable result 长期的斗争age-long struggle互相矛盾冲突的观点conflicting ideas鲜明的例子striking examples根深蒂固的信仰deeply-rooted convictions仅仅是断言bare assertion低头to sink one's head 使船沉没to sink the ship思考生命的意义to contemplate the meaning of life让阳光一下照着to catch the light毁了一个人的身体to ruin one's health 毁了国家to ruin the country猛敲桌子to bang the desk 扮演一个重要的角色to playa prominent role占有重要的位置to hold a prominent position 一个虔诚的佛教徒a pious Buddhist获得一种名声to gain a reputation 满足一个人的虚荣心to satisfy one's ego严刑逼供to give sb the third degree 发明一种教学方法to devise a teaching method在某人手中悄悄塞一支枪to slide a gun into sb's hand引起一些兴趣to whip up a little interest让谈话继续下去to keep the ball rolling让谈话开始to set the ball rolling一个作风古怪的百万富翁an eccentric millionaire分配资金to allot capital 勒紧裤带to tighten one’s belt 讲一句话to make a remark伸出一只手to stretch out one’s hand 润润嘴唇to moisten one’s lips抱怨天气to complain of the weather将棍子用力插入沙中to plunge the stick into the sand 突然冲我来了to turn on me 使某人心烦to get on on e’s nerve是某人将某事忘得精光t o put something out of someone’s mind脱钩t o come off the hook做填字游戏t o do a crossword puzzle 擤鼻涕to blow one’s nose 在鼻子上涂粉to powder one’s nose 提出案发时不在现场的证据to give an alibi获得新的深刻认识to gain new insights修改一个人的观点to revise one’s ideas追查起因to trace the cause 从这前提出发to begin from this premise朝目标开火to open fire on/at给以同样重视to give equal weight to sth支持某一观点to support a certain view 对政府施加影响to influence the government破坏实力平衡to destroy the balance of power组成联盟to form an alliance偿还贷款to repay the loans 考虑战争的问题to contemplate war填补缺口to fill in the gaps 结束探索to conclude the quest从某一角度看问题to view sth from a certain perspective从比较中获益to benefit from the comparison消灭差别to eliminate from the comparison 深入研究问题to dig into the problem 淹没在大海之中to be immersed in a vast sea从不同的观点出发to stem from a different point of view命中注定要做某事to be destined to do sth无视这个事实to ignore the fact作出假设to make an assumption 打败敌人to defeat the enemy夺回失土to win back one’s lost territory沉船to sink a boat截获机密to intercept the secret message将证据凑在一起to piece together evidence接近真理to approximate the truth 掌握新技术to master new techniques庆祝他的50华诞to celebrate its Golden Jubilee 引起羡慕to excite admiration触动良心to touch the conscience得奖to win the prize受到训斥to receive a reprimand省去这些字to omit the words宣布放弃奖金renounce the prizes 避免一场危机avert a crisis参加仪式attend the ceremony 展示一件艺术品exhibit a work of art尽情享受乐趣to indulge in pleasures 保护一个孩子guard a child感到有能力做某事feel up to do something 使某事正式结束bring sth to a close挥手让某人进去wave sb in使某人不必处于某种场合to save sb from a situation向某人说说心里话to talk out one’s heart to sb 把某人打翻在地knock sb down给某人斟酒pour sb a drink 举杯祝酒raise one’s glass从大腿上慢慢流下来trickle down her legs像鲸鱼一样喷水puff like a whale想雪一样融化掉melt down like snow 一眼看清了当时的情况sum up the scene进行电视采访do their interview 心存怨恨bear resentment难受的想吐feel sick in the stomach 突然大声的怒气冲冲的冲进来come in like thunder 渐渐散去drift away gradually 看中某人的意见value one’s opinion提高在某人心中的地位increase one’s standing with sb使自己振作起来pull oneself together 开始提供晚餐serve dinner 禽抱一个拿枪的劫匪tackle an armed robber和某人厮守下去stick with sb 系上腰带fasten the seat belt虐待妻子abuse one’s wife 和很多人乱搞男女关系screw his way around碰某人一个手指头lay a finger on sb 进行人工呼吸catch sb trying to do sth用力把自己身体升起heave oneself up浮出水面float to the surface在水下拼命挣扎thrash about under the water 使自己依靠在某物上prop oneself against冲出水面break surface 抓住某物seize hold of sth 把自己用力拉起来haul oneself up 紧紧锁住某人双手pinion one’s arms 把某人挡开fend sb off击中某处land a blow 呆在水下stay under in the water将这些观点加以归类to classify propositions 持有一种意见to hold an opinion 建立信念to establish convictions 颠倒过程to reverse the process 对是否是真相提出疑问to question the truth 获得财富to acquire wealth接受一种新的信念to adopt a new belief 放弃信念to abandon belief证明完全相反to demonstrate the contrary 相信这一事实to credit the fact 怀有一种意见to entertain an opinion使这个字的意思延伸一下to extend the term珍惜他们的尊敬to value their respect轻视他们的意见to belittle their opinions考虑某一点to make an allowance改变我们的思维模式to alter our thought patterns走同样的路to take the same course鹦鹉学舌般重复他人的思想to parrot others' ideasUNIT 11、我知道，不管发生什么I knew I could expect my brother to stand by me whatever happened.2、一般情况下As a general rule, young people tend to be more interest in the present and the future.3、如果他们双方不妥协Both sides will stand to lose if they do not compromise.4、我们希望使我们It is our hope to make all the courses and teaching materials integrated.5、中国的书面文字The Chinese written language has been a major factor for integrating our nation.6、在中国的传统艺术中In traditional Chinese art, the bamboo often stands for moral integrity and uprightness.7、绝大多数人都赞成深化改革The great majority of the people stand for further reform.8、伊丽莎白一世Queen Elizabeth the First ruled England for 45 years, and the country prospered under her rule.9、真理一开始The truth is always in the hand of a small minority at first. That's the rule.10, 民主意味着由Democracy means that the majority rules, but the minority’s right to disagree is also respected. These two basic rules are of equal importance.11、一个国A nation cannot be strong unless it is well-integrated economically, politically and culturally as well as geographically.12、那次晚会很乏味The party was boring, so she slipped out of the room and went home.13 路很泥泞The road was muddy. He slipped and fell into the river.14、有一天，我因为One day I was drowning my sorrows in a restaurant because I was broke when he came and slipped a roll of money into my hand.15、佛罗里达州The Court of Florida ruled that it was necessary to recount the votes.16、认为太阳绕着地球The idea that the sun moves round the earth ruled ancient scholars for more than a thousand years.17、这些胡同The hutongs are an integral part of old Beijing.18、日子一天天过去Days slipped by and I still had not made much progress.19、他怕犯错He weighed every word carefully lest he should make a mistake.20、她的身体糟糕到了Her health was such terrible that she would not go out in the sun even in winter lest she get sun-stroke.你能强迫一个Y ou can force a student to attend classes, but you cannot force him to think.学习文学The study of literature can help you to understand not only other people but also yourself.通过阅读范文Y ou can improve your writing by reading good models and by practicing writing.在中世纪In the Middle Ages, people believed that the earth was flat and that it was the center of the universe.我既没有时间I can afford neither the time nor the money to play golf with those big cheeses.小金Xiao Jin could not decide whether to apply for graduate studies right after college or to get a job first.爱能改善人们Love cures people-both those who give it and those who receive it.优秀的企业Excellent firms don't believe in perfection, only in constant improvement and constant change.许多东西Many things cannot be learned in the classroom, such as planning one's time, working on one's own and managing one's own affairs.在过去的10年里In the past ten years people, especially old people, have been concerned more about their health than about their income.UNIT21、我们公司在这么短It is a miracle how our company has developed into a multinational in sucha short span of time.2、那个国家的平均寿命The average life span of that country has increased from 42 years to 50 years in a matter of two decades.3、这两个国家的冲突The conflict between the two countries has spanned more than half a century.4有四座大桥There are four bridges spanning the river.5、我对你非常感谢I'm much obliged to you. Without your help, I would never have finished the book.6、不，这个聚会No, you are not obliged to go to the party. You don't have to go if you don't want to.7 人们找她She’s always ready to oblige when people come to her for help.8 山谷里有一个小湖In the valley is a small lake right between a meadow and a hill. It is a perfect spot for picnic .9、他坐在一个阴凉Sitting in that shady spot he soon dozed off.10、他看见我把一个塑料He criticized me on the spot when he saw me throw a plastic bag by the roadside.11 那是一件白底蓝点It is a white shirt with blue spots. It looks quite pretty.12、这位侦探发现了The detective spotted the suspect and he walked and arrested him.13、有一个气球爆了One of the balloons popped and it gave me quite a start.14 在上课的时候进It is very impolite to keep popping in and out of the classroom when the class is still going on.15、当他看见那位小伙子When he saw the young man ready to pay for the BMW in cash, his eyes almost popped out of his head.16、在那些国家里水比油In those countries, water is worth a lot more than oil. Friends will often bring dollars' worth of water as a gift.17、这个项目完成When this project is completed, it will benefit about a hundred thousand people. It will be well worth the effort and investment.18、这电影不值得看两遍This movie is not worth seeing twice. In fact, it's not worth seeing at all.19 我觉得那地方值得I think it is worthwhile to visit that place. I hear they have kept all their traditional houses intact-houses that were built in Ming-Qing styles.20、贾宝玉当他父亲Jia Baoyu was sick and tired of being his father's worthy son. He yearned for freedom.1.看来病人在这个城市It seems the patient has no relatives in this city.2.交朋友易It’s easy to make friends but difficult to keep them.3.他总是懂的朋友He can always understand what his friends are thinking and worrying about.4.或许根本就不是Perhaps it wasn’t Xiao Jiang at all who had left the tap running all night.5.那男孩一点也不The boy had no idea how he had become an old man in half a day.6.不知道王宁I wonder how Wang Ning has been doing in London. I haven’t heard from himfor almost a year.7.你出生于什么样的家庭It doesn’t matter what family you were born into. The real test ishow far you can go from where you started.8.她简直不相信She simply couldn’t believe what she saw. It was only yesterday that the twintowers were standing there.9.第八号陪审员Juror No. 8 pointed out that it might have been someone else who had stabbedthe boy’s father to death.10.在市场经济中In the market economy, it is primarily by individuals and firms rather than bygovernment agencies that decisions about what to produce, how much to produce are made.UNIT31.尚不知飞The cause of the aircraft crash is so far unknown.2.地球转The cause of global warming is still hotly debated among scientists.3.他把他的一He devoted all his life to the cause of environmental protection.4.历史上这条The river has caused us a lot of trouble in history.5.你认为国际恐怖主义的What do you think caused the upsurge of international terrorism?6.我们必须团结那些反对We must try and unite with those who have opposed us.7.任何进步和改革都会There is always opposition to any progress and reform.8.有些人对新事物总是Some people are always opposed to new things.9.这些贷款中不少从未归还A lot of those loans were never repaid. That high ratio of bad debts finally led to the financial crisis in this second economic power in the world.10.工商银行现在给The Business Bank now offers a special loan for students who can't pay for their education.11.这男孩问斯多太太能否将她的The boy asked Mrs.Stow for the loan of her binoculars.12.她在结束讲话时Her concluded her speech by saying that she hoped she could come again some day and see more of the country.13.他们一结束调查就As soon as they concluded the investigation, they were to report to the Security Council.14.在他访问期间，During his visit, he will conclude a new trade agreement with India.15根据这些有理疑点，陪审团只能得出结论，这个少Based on those reasonable doubts, the jury had to conclude that the boy was not guilty.16.他将经东京飞往纽约She is flying to New York by way of Tokyo.17.我想谈谈上世界60年代的情I'd like to say a few words about the situation in the sixties of the last century by way of an introduction to the movie.18.他们决定召They decided to recall their ambassador by way of protest.1.英雄是具有非凡品Heroes and heroines are people with unusual qualities.2.名流是因媒体炒作而出名Celebrities are people who become famous because of publicity through the media.3.在中国大陆，“爱人In China mainland, "sweet heart" often refers to a person's husband or wife.4.一个不能共患难的朋友A fair-weather friend is one who will desert you as soon as you are introuble.5.从广义上说，货币指Broadly speaking, money refers to anything generally accepted in exchange for other goods and services.6.一个坐在扶手椅里的An armchair revolutionary is one who talks about revolution, but who doesn't put what he says into practice.7.鲁教授说一个好教师应努力使自己成Professor Lu says that a good teacher is one who does all he/she can to make himself/herself unnecessary for the students.8.经济学定义为研究商品和服务的生产、分配和消费的社会Economics is defined as the social science that deals with the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services. 9.DVD是上面能储藏大量在计算机DVD is a disk on which large amounts of information, especially photographs and video can be stored, for use on a computer.10.《牛津高级学生词典》The Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary defines "workaholic" as "a person who works most of the time and finds it difficult to stop working in order to do other things".UNIT41、因为疯牛病Import of that country’s beef was suspended because of the mad cow scare.2、在战争期间During the war, they had to suspend the construction of the railway.3、吸毒是一件严重It was a serious offence to take drugs. Robert was suspended from school for two weeks.4、她正躺在悬挂She was reading in a hammock suspended from two tree branches.5这次暂停销售The sales suspension has brought us heavy losses.6 这也许是亚洲This is perhaps the longest suspension bridge in Asia.7这个作家善于制造悬念。
现代大学英语精读4第二版unit5aforwantofadrink课文原文
现代大学英语精读4第二版U n i t5A F o r W a n t o f a D r i n k课文原文-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1For Want of a Drink1.When the word water appears in print nowadays, crisis is rarely far behind. Water, it is said, is the new oil: a resource long squandered, now growing expensive and soon to be overwhelmed by insatiable demand. Aquifers are falling, glaciers vanishing, reservoirs drying up and rivers no longer flowing to the sea. Climate change threatens to make the problem worse. Everyone must use less water if famine, pestilence and mass migration are not to sweep the globe.2.The language is often overblown, and the remedies sometimes ill-conceived, but the basic message is not wrong. Water is indeed scarce in many places, and will grow scarcer. Bringing supply and demand into equilibrium will be painful, and political disputes may increase in number and intensify in their capacity to cause trouble. To carry on with present practice would indeed be to invite disaster.3.WhyThe difficulties start with the sheer number of people using the stuff. When, 60 years ago, the world's population was about 2.5 billion, worries about water supply affected relatively few people. Both drought and hunger existed, as they have throughout history, but most people could be fed without irrigated farming. Then the green revolution,in an inspired combination of new crop breeds, fertilizers and water, made possible a huge rise in the population. The number of people on Earth rose to 6 billion in 2000, nearly 7 billion today, and is heading for 9 billion in 2050. The area under irrigation has doubled and the amount of water drawn for farming has tripled. The proportion of people living in countries chronically short of water is set to rise from 8% at the turn of the 21st century to 45% by 2050.4.Farmers' increasing demand for water is caused not only by the growing number of mouths to be fed but also by people's desire for better-tasting, more interesting food. Unfortunately, it takes nearly twice as much water to grow a kilo of peanuts as a kilo of soybeans, nearly four times as much water to produce a kilo of beef as a kilo of chicken. With 2 billion people around the world about to enter the middle class, the agricultural demands on water would increase even if the population stood still.5.Industry, too, needs water. It takes about 22% of the world's withdrawals. Domestic activities take the other 8%. Together, the demands of these two categories quadrupled in the second half of the 20th century, growing twice as fast as those of farming.6.Meeting that demand is a difficult task. One reason is that the supply of water is finite. The world will have no more of it in 2025 or 2050 than it has today, or when it lapped at the sides of Noah's Ark. This is because the law of conservation of mass says, broadly, that however you use it, you cannot destroy the stuff. Neither can you readily make it. If some of it seems to come from the skies, that is because it has evaporated from the Earth's surface, condensed and returned.7.Most of this surface is sea, and the water below it—over 97% of the total on Earth—is salty. In principle, the salt can be removed to increase the supply of fresh water, but at present desalination is expensive and uses lots of energy.8.Of the 2.5% of water that is not salty, about 70% is frozen, either at the poles, in glaciers or in permafrost. So all living things, except those in the sea, have about 0.75% of the total to survive on. Most of this available water is underground, in aquifers or similar formations. The rest is falling as rain, sitting in lakes and reservoirs or flowing in rivers where it is, with luck, replaced by rainfall and melting snow and ice. There is also, take note, water vapor in the atmosphere.9.The value of water as a commodity of course varies according to locality, purpose and circumstance. Take locality first. Water is not evenly distributed—just nine countries account for 60% of all available fresh supplies—and among them only Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Congo, Indonesia and Russia have an abundance. America is relatively well off, but China and India, with over a third of the world's population between them, have less than 10% of its water.10.Even within countries the variations may be huge. The average annual rainfall in India's northeast is 110 times that in its western desert. And many places have plenty of water, or even far too much. Flooding is routine, and may become more frequent and damaging with climate change.11.Scarce or plentiful, water is above all local. It is heavy—one cubic water weighs a tonne—, so expensive to move. Surface water—mostly rivers, lakes and reservoirs—will not flow from one basin into another without artificial diversion, and usually only with pumping. Within a basin, the water upstream may be useful for irrigation, industrial or domestic use. As it nears the sea, though, the opportunities diminish to the point where it has no uses except to sustain deltas, wetlands and to carry silt out to sea.12.These should not be overlooked. If rivers do not flow, nothing can live in them. Over a fifth of the world's freshwater fish species of a century ago are now endangered or extinct. Half the world's wetlands have also disappeared over the past 200 years. The point is, though, that even within a basin water is more valuable in some places than in others.13.Almost anywhere arid, the water underground, once largely ignored, has come to be seen as especially valuable as the demands of farmers have outgrown their supplies of rain and surface water. Groundwater has come to the rescue, and for a while it seemed a miraculous solution: drill a borehole, pump the stuff up from below and in due course it will be replaced. In many places, however, from the United States to India and China, the quantities being withdrawn exceed the annual recharge. This is serious for millions of people not just in the country but also in many of the world's biggest cities, which often depend on aquifers for their drinking water.14.The 20 million inhabitants of Mexico City and its surrounding area, for example, draw over 70% of their water from an aquifer that will run dry within 200 years, maybe sooner.Already the city is sinking as a result. In the Hai river basin in China, deep-groundwater tables have dropped by up to 90 meters.15.Part of the beauty of the borehole is that it requires no elaborate apparatus. A single farmer may be able to sink his own tube well and start pumping. That is why India and China are now perforated with millions of irrigation wells, each drawing on the common resource. Sometimes this resource may be huge. But even big aquifers are not immune to the laws of physics. Many places are seriously overdrawn. In those places, farmers probably have to pay something for the right to draw groundwater. But almost nowhere will the price reflect scarcity, and often there is no charge at all and no one measures how much water is being taken.16.Priced or not, water is certainly valued, and that value depends on the use to which it is harnessed. Water is used not just to grow food but to make every kind of product, from microchips to steel girders. The largest industrial purpose to which it is put is cooling in thermal power generation, but it is also used in drilling for and extracting oil, the making of petroleum products and ethanol, and the production of hydroelectricity. Some of the processes involved, such as hydro power generation, consume little water(after driving the turbines, most is returned to the river), but some, such as the techniques used to extract oil from sands, are big consumers.17.Industrial use takes about 60% of water in rich countries and 10% in the rest. The difference in domestic use is much smaller, 11% and 8% respectively. Some of the variation is explained by capacious baths, power showers and flush lavatories in the rich world. All humans, however, need a basic minimum of two litres of water in food or drink each day, and for this there is no substitute. No one survived in the ruins of Port-au-Prince for more than a few days after January's earthquake unless they had access to some water-based food or drink. That is why many people in poor and arid countries—usually women or children—set off early each morning to trudge to the nearest well and return five or six hours later burdened with precious supplies. That is why many people believe water to be a human right, a necessity more basic than bread or a roof over the head.18.From this much follows. One consequence is a widespread belief that no one should have to pay for water. The Byzantine emperor Justinian declared in the 6th century that "by natural law" air, running water, the sea and seashore were "common to all." Many Indians agree, seeing groundwater in particular as a "democratic resource." In Africa it is said that "even the jackal deserves to drink."19.A second consequence is that water often has a sacred or mystical quality that is invested in deities like Gong Gong and Osiris and rivers like the Jordan and the Ganges. Throughout history, man's dependence on water has made him live near it or organize access to it. Water is in his body and in his soul. It has provided not just life and food but a means of transport, a way of keeping clean, a mechanism for removing sewage, a home for fish and other animals, a medium with which to skate and sail, a thing of beauty to provideinspiration, to gaze upon and to enjoy. No wonder a commodity with so many qualities, uses and associations has proved so difficult to organize.。
现代大学英语精读4第二版Unit 5A For Want of a Drink课文原文
For Want of a Drink1.When the word water appears in print nowadays, crisis is rarely far behind. Water, it is said, is the new oil: a resource long squandered, now growing expensive and soon to be overwhelmed by insatiable demand. Aquifers are falling, glaciers vanishing, reservoirs drying up and rivers no longer flowing to the sea. Climate change threatens to make the problem worse. Everyone must use less water if famine, pestilence and mass migration are not to sweep the globe.2.The language is often overblown, and the remedies sometimes ill-conceived, but the basic message is not wrong. Water is indeed scarce in many places, and will grow scarcer. Bringing supply and demand into equilibrium will be painful, and political disputes may increase in number and intensify in their capacity to cause trouble. To carry on with present practice would indeed be to invite disaster.3.Why? The difficulties start with the sheer number of people using the stuff. When, 60 years ago, the world's population was about 2.5 billion, worries about water supply affected relatively few people. Both drought and hunger existed, as they have throughout history, but most people could be fed without irrigated farming. Then the green revolution,in an inspired combination of new crop breeds, fertilizers and water, made possible a huge rise in the population. The number of people on Earth rose to 6 billion in 2000, nearly 7 billion today, and is heading for 9 billion in 2050. The area under irrigation has doubled and the amount of water drawn for farming has tripled. The proportion of people living in countries chronically short of water is set to rise from 8% at the turn of the 21st century to 45% by 2050.4.Farmers' increasing demand for water is caused not only by the growing number of mouths to be fed but also by people's desire for better-tasting, more interesting food. Unfortunately, it takes nearly twice as much water to grow a kilo of peanuts as a kilo of soybeans, nearly four times as much water to produce a kilo of beef as a kilo of chicken. With 2 billion people around the world about to enter the middle class, the agricultural demands on water would increase even if the population stood still.5.Industry, too, needs water. It takes about 22% of the world's withdrawals. Domestic activities take the other 8%. Together, the demands of these two categories quadrupled in the second half of the 20th century, growing twice as fast as those of farming.6.Meeting that demand is a difficult task. One reason is that the supply of water is finite. The world will have no more of it in 2025 or 2050 than it has today, or when it lapped at the sides of Noah's Ark. This is because the law of conservation of mass says, broadly, that however you use it, you cannot destroy the stuff. Neither can you readily make it. If some of it seems to come from the skies, that is because it has evaporated from the Earth's surface, condensed and returned.7.Most of this surface is sea, and the water below it—over 97% of the total on Earth—is salty. In principle, the salt can be removed to increase the supply of fresh water, but at present desalination is expensive and uses lots of energy.8.Of the 2.5% of water that is not salty, about 70% is frozen, either at the poles, in glaciers or in permafrost. So all living things, except those in the sea, have about 0.75% of the total to survive on. Most of this available water is underground, in aquifers or similar formations. The rest is falling as rain, sitting in lakes and reservoirs or flowing in rivers where it is, with luck, replaced by rainfall and melting snow and ice. There is also, take note, water vapor in the atmosphere.9.The value of water as a commodity of course varies according to locality, purpose and circumstance. Take locality first. Water is not evenly distributed—just nine countries account for 60% of all available fresh supplies—and among them only Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Congo, Indonesia and Russia have an abundance. America is relatively well off, but China and India, with over a third of the world's population between them, have less than 10% of its water.10.Even within countries the variations may be huge. The average annual rainfall in India's northeast is 110 times that in its western desert. And many places have plenty of water, or even far too much. Flooding is routine, and may become more frequent and damaging with climate change.11.Scarce or plentiful, water is above all local. It is heavy—one cubic water weighs a tonne—, so expensive to move. Surface water—mostly rivers, lakes and reservoirs—will not flow from one basin into another without artificial diversion, and usually only with pumping. Within a basin, the water upstream may be useful for irrigation, industrial or domestic use. As it nears the sea, though, the opportunities diminish to the point where it has no uses except to sustain deltas, wetlands and to carry silt out to sea.12.These should not be overlooked. If rivers do not flow, nothing can live in them. Over a fifth of the world's freshwater fish species of a century ago are now endangered or extinct. Half the world's wetlands have also disappeared over the past 200 years. The point is, though, that even within a basin water is more valuable in some places than in others.13.Almost anywhere arid, the water underground, once largely ignored, has come to be seen as especially valuable as the demands of farmers have outgrown their supplies of rain and surface water. Groundwater has come to the rescue, and for a while it seemed a miraculous solution: drill a borehole, pump the stuff up from below and in due course it will be replaced. In many places, however, from the United States to India and China, the quantities being withdrawn exceed the annual recharge. This is serious for millions of people not just in the country but also in many of the world's biggest cities, which often depend on aquifers for their drinking water.14.The 20 million inhabitants of Mexico City and its surrounding area, for example, draw over 70% of their water from an aquifer that will run dry within 200 years, maybe sooner.Already the city is sinking as a result. In the Hai river basin in China, deep-groundwater tables have dropped by up to 90 meters.15.Part of the beauty of the borehole is that it requires no elaborate apparatus. A single farmer may be able to sink his own tube well and start pumping. That is why India and China are now perforated with millions of irrigation wells, each drawing on the common resource. Sometimes this resource may be huge. But even big aquifers are not immune to the laws of physics. Many places are seriously overdrawn. In those places, farmers probably have to pay something for the right to draw groundwater. But almost nowhere will the price reflect scarcity, and often there is no charge at all and no one measures how much water is being taken.16.Priced or not, water is certainly valued, and that value depends on the use to which it is harnessed. Water is used not just to grow food but to make every kind of product, from microchips to steel girders. The largest industrial purpose to which it is put is cooling in thermal power generation, but it is also used in drilling for and extracting oil, the making of petroleum products and ethanol, and the production of hydroelectricity. Some of the processes involved, such as hydro power generation, consume little water(after driving the turbines, most is returned to the river), but some, such as the techniques used to extract oil from sands, are big consumers.17.Industrial use takes about 60% of water in rich countries and 10% in the rest. The difference in domestic use is much smaller, 11% and 8% respectively. Some of the variation is explained by capacious baths, power showers and flush lavatories in the rich world. All humans, however, need a basic minimum of two litres of water in food or drink each day, and for this there is no substitute. No one survived in the ruins of Port-au-Prince for more than a few days after January's earthquake unless they had access to some water-based food or drink. That is why many people in poor and arid countries—usually women or children—set off early each morning to trudge to the nearest well and return five or six hours later burdened with precious supplies. That is why many people believe water to be a human right, a necessity more basic than bread or a roof over the head.18.From this much follows. One consequence is a widespread belief that no one should have to pay for water. The Byzantine emperor Justinian declared in the 6th century that "by natural law" air, running water, the sea and seashore were "common to all." Many Indians agree, seeing groundwater in particular as a "democratic resource." In Africa it is said that "even the jackal deserves to drink."19.A second consequence is that water often has a sacred or mystical quality that is invested in deities like Gong Gong and Osiris and rivers like the Jordan and the Ganges. Throughout history, man's dependence on water has made him live near it or organize access to it. Water is in his body and in his soul. It has provided not just life and food but a means of transport, a way of keeping clean, a mechanism for removing sewage, a home for fish and other animals, a medium with which to skate and sail, a thing of beauty to provide inspiration, to gaze uponand to enjoy. No wonder a commodity with so many qualities, uses and associations has proved so difficult to organize.。
大学英语精读第三版第四册课文及课文翻译
大学英语精读第三版第四册课文及课文翻译Unit 1TextTwo college-age boys, unaware that making money usually involves hard work, are tempted by an advertisement that promises them an easy way to earn a lot of money. The boys soon learn that if something seems to good to be true, it probably is.BIG BUCKS THE EASY W AYJohn G. Hubbell"You ought to look into this," I suggested to our two college-age sons. "It might be a way to avoid the indignity of having to ask for money all the time." I handed them some magazines in a plastic bag someone bad hung on our doorknob. A message printed on the bag offered leisurely, lucrative work ("Big Bucks the Easy Way!") of delivering more such bags."I don't mind the indignity," the older one answered."I can live with it," his brother agreed."But it pains me," I said，"to find that you both have been panhandling so long that it no longer embarrasses you."The boys said they would look into the magazine-delivery thing. Pleased, I left town on a business trip. By midnight I was comfortably settled in a hotel room far from home. The phone rang. It was my wife. She wanted to know how my day had gone."Great!" I enthused. "How was your day?" I inquired."Super!" She snapped. "Just super! And it's only getting started. Another truck just pulled up out front.""Another truck?""The third one this evening. The first delivered four thousand Montgomery Wards. The second brought four thousand Sears, Roebucks. I don't know what this one has, but I'm sure it will be four thousand of something. Since you are responsible, I thought you might like to know what's happening.What I was being blamed for, it turned out, was a newspaper strike which made it necessary to hand-deliver the advertising inserts that normally are included with the Sunday paper. The company had promised our boys $600 for delivering these inserts to 4,000 houses by Sunday morning."Piece of cake!" our older college son had shouted." Six hundred bucks!" His brother had echoed, "And we can do the job in two hours!""Both the Sears and Ward ads are four newspaper-size pages," my wife informed me. "There are thirty-two thousand pages of advertising on our porch. Even as we speak, two big guys are carrying armloads of paper up the walk. What do we do about all this?""Just tell the boys to get busy," I instructed. "They're college men. They'll do what they have to do."At noon the following day I returned to the hotel and found an urgent message to telephone my wife. Her voice was unnaturally high and quavering. There had been several more truckloads of ad inserts. "They're for department stores, dime stores, drugstores, grocery stores, auto stores and so on. Some are whole magazine sections. We have hundreds of thousands, maybe millions, of pages of advertising here! They are crammed wall-to-wall all through the house in stacks taller than your oldest son. There's only enough room for people to walk in, take one each of the eleveninserts, roll them together, slip a rubber band around them and slide them into a plastic bag. We have enough plastic bags to supply every takeout restaurant in America!" Her voice kept rising, as if working its way out of the range of the human ear. "All this must be delivered by seven o'clock Sunday morning.""Well, you had better get those guys banding and sliding as fast as they can, and I'll talk to you later. Got a lunch date.When I returned, there was another urgent call from my wife."Did you have a nice lunch?" she asked sweetly. I had had a marvelous steak, but knew better by now than to say so."Awful," I reported. "Some sort of sour fish. Eel, I think.""Good. Your college sons have hired their younger brothers and sisters and a couple of neighborhood children to help for five dollars each. Assembly lines have been set up. In the language of diplomacy, there is 'movement.'""That's encouraging.""No, it's not," she corrected. "It's very discouraging. They're been as it for hours. Plastic bags have been filled and piled to the ceiling, but all this hasn't made a dent, not a dent, in the situation! It's almost as if the inserts keep reproducing themselves!""Another thing," she continued. "Your college sons must learn that one does not get the best out of employees by threatening them with bodily harm.Obtaining an audience with son NO. 1, I snarled, "I'll kill you if threaten one of those kids again! Idiot! You should be offering a bonus of a dollar every hour to the worker who fills the most bags."But that would cut into our profit," he suggested."There won't be any profit unless those kids enable you to make all the deliveries on time. If they don't, you two will have to remove all that paper by yourselves. And there will be no eating or sleeping until it is removed."There was a short, thoughtful silence. Then he said, "Dad, you have just worked a profound change in my personality.""Do it!""Yes, sir!"By the following evening, there was much for my wife to report. The bonus program had worked until someone demanded to see the color of cash. Then some activist on the work force claimed that the workers had no business settling for $5 and a few competitive bonuses while the bossed collected hundreds of dollars each. The organizer had declared that all the workers were entitled to $5 per hour! They would not work another minute until the bosses agreed.The strike lasted less than two hours. In mediation, the parties agreed on $2 per hour. Gradually, the huge stacks began to shrink.As it turned out, the job was completed three hours before Sunday's 7 a.m. deadline. By the time I arrived home, the boys had already settled their accounts: $150 in labor costs, $40 for gasoline, and a like amountfor gifts—boxes of candy for saintly neighbors who had volunteered station wagons and help in delivery and dozen roses for their mother. This left them with $185 each — about two-thirds the minimum wage for the 91 hours they worked. Still, it was "enough", as one of them put it, to enable them to "avoid indignity" for quite a while.All went well for some weeks. Then one Saturday morning my attention was drawn to the odd goings-on of our two youngest sons. They kept carrying carton after carton from various corners of the house out the front door to curbside. I assumed their mother had enlisted them to remove junk for a trash pickup. Then I overheard them discussing finances."Geez, we're going to make a lot of money!""We're going to be rich!"Investigation revealed that they were offering " for sale or rent" our entire library."No! No!" I cried. "You can't sell our books!""Geez, Dad, we thought you were done with them!""You're never 'done' with books," I tried to explain."Sure you are. You read them, and you're done with them. That's it. Then you might as well make a little money from them. We wanted to avoid the indignity of having to ask you for……"一个大学男孩，不清楚赚钱需要付出艰苦的劳动，被一份许诺轻松赚大钱的广告吸引了。
现代大学英语精读4(第二版)-部分课文及短语重点翻译
精读四Unit 11.猛然敲门bang the door2.向国王陛下欢呼cheer His Majesty3.凝视那雕像contemplate the statue4.设计/发明一种新方法devise a new way5.获得一种名声gain a reputation6.鼓舞人民inspire the people7.低下头sink one’s head8.象征/代表国家symbolize the nation9.暖和双手warm one’s hands10.毁了某人的健康ruin one’s health11.扮演重要的角色play an important role/part in12.解决这个问题settle the issue1.永恒的真理the eternal truth2.档案柜 a filing cabinet3.无稽之谈utter nonsense4.有违法倾向的行为delinquent behavior5.常客 a frequent visitor6.新鲜空气fresh air7.格调很高的独白high-minded monologue8.一个固定的观点 a settled view9.语言障碍 a speech impediment10.可怕的风 a hideous wind11.使人兴奋的爱国热情heady patriotism12.无情的入侵者the remorseless invaders13.首相the Prime Minister14.思维过程 a mental process15.国际联盟the League of Nations16.一篇有条理的文章 a coherent article17.一位口译好手 a proficient interpreter18.一个不可避免的趋势an irresistible trend19.腐烂的苹果rotten apples20.点头之交 a nodding acquaintance（前五）1. 他因收受贿赂而正在接受调查。
大学英语精读4 Unit Five
11. evaporate SYN—vapor n. 蒸汽，烟雾 v. 使蒸发 evaporated a. 脱水的，浓缩的 ~ milk 炼乳 extinct book 绝版书 on the verge/edge of extinction 频临灭绝 12. extinct volcano 死火山
face extinction/be threatened with extinction eg: Many endangered species now face extinction. 许多濒危物种 现正面临灭绝。
23. miraculous
SYN—mysterious, magic, fantastic
24. overblown SYN—exaggerated, excessive an overblown technician 装模作样的技师 overblow Vt. 吹落，吹散；夸张，过分渲染 25. Overwhelm vt. be ~ed by/with sth overwhelming a. ~ majority ; ~ desire
They would be overwhelmed with paperwork.
The Mideast Oil Crisis in the 1970’s:
In October 1973, Arab petroleum exporting countries cut off exports of petroleum to many Western nations, including the United States, in response to their involvement in the Arab-Israeli conflicts (阿以冲突). The embargo (贸易禁令) led to rising oil prices in the early 1970’s, bringing widespread panic to Western countries. Many people believe that high oil consumption in these countries was the root cause of the oil crisis. The Mideast Oil Crisis enhanced public environmental awareness and heightened public concern over natural resource scarcity.
大学英语精读第四册课后题词汇答案
1。
2。
3。
speaker's nonsense.4. Harry has a vivid imagination；5。
，she failed to win the first prize and had to。
are recommended to young adults to prepare them for the。
8。
of certain death.11。
not on time。
12。
13。
because it could help quench their thirst.but the high cost keeps many young people away。
15。
，butUnit 2200 to pay for the mp3 player。
greater efforts。
4。
for exercises every day you’ll soon be6。
10。
12。
13。
The teacher tried to encourage her students to。
14。
Unit 51. Her suggestion may sound reasonable to you，because they may become so distressed as to commit suicide.3。
We note with satisfaction that all these activities have helped mutual understanding and friendship between our two countries。
，even very old and sick people want to know the details of their illness so that they can prepare for death in their own special way。
现代大学英语4(unit5)PPT课件
on 10 August 1988
5
• Peter Laird as Vic
• Jon Strickland as Douglas • Lynette Edwards as Jill,
the media woman 6
Man of the Moment
• Act 1:
Vic Parks is the man of the moment; a celebrity criminal who having spent nine years in jail for a botched bank robbery, has written his autobiography and is now a bona fide television celebrity. Now living in a villa, complete with swimming pool, in the Mediterranean, he has agreed to appear on the TV show Their Paths Crossed. The host Jill Rillington intends to reunite, 17 years on, Vic with Douglas Beechey – the unassuming clerk who foiled the robbery.
7
Jill hopes to exploit the irony that although Douglas had a brief 15 minutes of fame and married his true love Nerys (incidentally maimed during the raid), the man who has found success and celebrity is the villain. Expecting jealousy, envy and bitterness from Douglas, Jill instead finds a profoundly accepting, honest and good man who has no regrets about his life and is actually a fan of Vic’s TV show. His only wish being that his moment of fame had lasted a little longer.
现代大学英语精读5课后翻译
现代大学英语精读5课后翻译Lesson 1 Where Do We Go from Here1. A white lie is better than a black lie,一个无关紧要的谎言总比一个善意的谎言要好。
2.To upset this cultural homicide, the Negro must rise up with an affirmation of his own Olympian manhood.为了挫败各种蓄意培植的低人一等的心态，黑人必须直起腰来宣布自己高贵的人格。
3.…with a spirit straining toward true self-esteem, the Negro must boldly throw off the manacles of self-abnegation…黑人必须以一种竭尽全力自尊自重的精神，大胆抛弃自我克制的枷锁。
4.What is needed is a realization that power without love is reckless and abusive, and love without power issentimental and anemic.必须懂得没有爱的权力是毫无节制、易被滥用的，而没有权力的爱则是多愁善感、脆弱无力的。
5.It is precisely this collision of immoral power with powerless morality which constitutes the major crisis of ourtimes.正是这种邪恶的权力和没有权势的道义的冲突构成了我们时代的主要危机。
6.Now, early in this century this proposal would have been greeted with ridicule and denunciation, as destructive ofinitiative and responsibility.在本世纪之初，这种建议会受到嘲笑和谴责，认为它对主动性和责任感起到负面作用。
现代大学英语精读课后答案夜莺与玫瑰
现代大学英语精读课后答案Lesson Four The Nightingale and the RoseLesson Four The Nightingale and the RoseI. Oral Work1. Discuss the following:1) The characters’ different attitudes towards love:(1) The Student’s(2) The Lizard’s, the Butterfly’s and the Daisy’s(3) The Nightingale’s2) Is love better than life, as the Nightingale believed? Interview other students. Be prepared to summarize their ideas.II. Vocabulary1. Practice using the rules of word formation.1) Examine how the compound nouns from the text are formed. Work out their meanings. Add more words that are formed in the same way.sunbeam (para. 9) grass-plot (para.14) rose-tree (para. 14) sun-dial (para. 16)moonlight (para. 26) life-blood (para. 27) oak-tree (para. 31) bridegroom(para.39) 339)These compound nouns are formed by ____________+___________.2) Examine how the word " sincerity" is formed. Find out the meaning of the noun suffix "-ty " with the help of a dictionary.sincerity: ______+ _______3) Turn the following adjectives into nouns ending with " -ty" or " -ity" and then vice versa. Add more words to the list.Adjective Nounable ________________________active ________________________available ________________________certain ________________________cruel ________________________curious ________________________relative ________________________________________________ stupidity________________________ capability________________________ creativity________________________ humanity________________________ responsibility________________________ originality________________________ possibility________________________ probability________________________ specialty________________________ visibility________________________ ________________________4) Complete the sentences with the words in the brackets in their noun forms.(1) The road to success is always under______________(construct) .(2) ______(creative) is finding new things or expressing old ideas in new ways.(3) High__________ (motivate) will always beat mere talent.(4) Winning organizations will be those that give individuals the chance to make a ________ (differ).(5) Hard work is the best ________ (invest) a man can make.(6) Learn to take risks and stretch beyond what you think your__________(capable).(7) Progress is the __________(active) of today and the assurance of tomorrow.(8) The Nazi war criminals were condemned for crimesagainst________(human).(9) _________(poor) is the root of all evils.(10) The more a man learns, the more he sees his _________ (ignorant).(11) Misfortune tests the ________ (sincere } of friends.(12) ___________(polite) costs nothing and gains everything.(13) ____________(curious) keeps us moving forward, exploring new ways and opening new doors.(14) Often those who make the worst use of their time are the first to complain about its ___________(short).2. Give words or expressions with similar meanings.10) to pluck11) precisely12) real13) silly14) to supervise15) to tremble16) to weep17) wretched1) to chill2) dear (said of life)3) delicate (said of color)4) faint (said of voice)5) to fling6) great7) to nip8) pang9) plot (said of land)3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.for want of in return something of ato be blind., (.blue, drunk ...) wjth to be fond of to press agaistto be compared to to linger on1) The boy stumbled out of the room, ______________________sleep.2) She _________her face ____________the window and saw that it had started to snow outside.3)_________ something better to do, he decided to try gardening.4) The government should respect people's citizen rights. And the people _______ should give the government their support.5) In spite of the medicine, the pain _____ .6) Our exports have increased by 20% ______ the same period of last year.7) This young man __________ fixing things. He could fix almost everything. He was____________jack-of-all-trades8) _______ other industrial cities, this one is the least polluted.9) ____________a better word, let's call this "backdoorism".10) Lin Lin is more hardworking __________ many other officials.11) Her face ___________ cold when she came back through the snowstorm.4. Put the following into English.1) 举行舞会 8）按下门铃2）举行晚会 9）牺牲性命3）举行记者招待会 10）掐去花蕾4）埋葬宝物 11）穿透心脏5）以手遮面 12）否认事实6）摘下花朵 13）否认指控7）付出代价 14）装满瓶子5. Complete the sentences with the following phrasal verbs of “go” in their proper forms.to go b) to go on with to go up to go ahead to go on to go together go into n go over to go o to go through1 ) Don't wait for me. You just ______________.2) This time, we shouldn't let the chance_____________.3) The light suddenly____________ when I was working on the computer the other day.4) The visitors were surprised to see so many buildings___________ at the same time.5) There is a grand opening ceremony ____________in the Workers' Stadium.6) In spite of the opposition, he __________the plan.7) I've ______ her paper. It is full of new ideas.8) We didn't expect that the time taken for____________ the customs would be so long.9) It is a long story. But I won't___________ the history of the matter.10) The color of your hat should___________ that of your coat. This hat is brown, and your coat is red. These two colors justdon't_______________.6. Give the meanings of the underlined parts in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts.1) The speaker cleared his throat before he started to talk.2) Suddenly the rain stopped and the sky cleared. We were all overjoyed.3) Why don't you go out for a walk to clear your head?4) I'd like to clear my debts as quickly as possible. I don't like owing people money.5) I'm still not quite clear about the cause of international terrorism.6) Each prisoner was locked in a small cell.7) Human brains have more than 100 million cells per cubic centimetre (每立方厘米).8) Attention, please. Passengers for Shanghai are now boarding on Platform 5.9) Mary is Party B's representative on the Board of Directors.10) I pay $350 a month for board and lodging.11) The boards on the floor are in need of repair.7. Give the sentence patterns of the underlined parts in the sentences below, and then using the patterns, rewrite the sentences that follow."Give me a red rose, " she cried, "and I will sing you my sweetest song. " (para. 14) "Press closer, little Nightingale, " cried the Tree, "or the Day will come before the rose is finished. " (para. 37)Sentence patterns:1) If you read Lu Xun, your mind will include a piece of Lu Xun's.2) If you drink tomato juice for some time, you will not be afraid of seeing blood.3) If you rest for a while, your headache will be gone.4) If you give Jimmy too much money, he will develop some bad habit.5) If you don't improve the quality of your product, you will lose your market.6) If you don't punish these people severely, illegal trade in wild life will never stop.7) If you don't take this opportunity, you will live to regret it.8) If we don’t stop polluting our rivers and lakes immediately, we will be in deep trouble.8. Put in the missing words.Music has traditionally been a recreational activity. It has recently become part of our everyday (1) __________ , including our work.It is not easily (2)__________ but it is everywhere. Its influence is very small (3) _______ measurable. Whether in restaurants, shopping centers (4) ________assembly lines—even farms—background or mood music can be (5) _______ almostanywhere in the United States from hushed executive offices (6) _________ noisy loadingyard. One hand tool manufacturing (7) ____________ found that efficiency increased(8 )__________4. 5 % with the introduction of background music. A California fannerdiscovered that such music (9) ________ nervous cattle and prevented stampedes (马群或牛群受惊奔跑) that (10) ________ to cause thousands of (11) __________ indamage. The type of music (12) to have an impact. Department stores play (13)_______ music during the week to encourage (14) ? ____ but speed up the beat on (15)______ when the crowds are heavier. "The music is basically designed not to (16)_______ listened to," says one background music man, "but to (17)_______ a favorable mood or build a tempo to work (18) ________. "III. Grammar1. Combine each pair of the sentences as shown in the example.Example: The Teahouse is a good play. I've never seen a better Chinese play before.— The Teahouse is the best Chinese play I've ever seen.1 ) Xiao Fang is a smart girl. I've never known a smarter girl.2) This is a fantastic story. I've never heard a more fantastic story.3) 15, 000 yuan is the lowest price. We can't offer anything lower than that for this laptop4) Pearl Harbor is a very good film. I have not seen a better American film for quite a while.5) Lin is an easy-going professor. I've never met a more easy-going professor.6) There was a terrible storm last night. I can't remember a worse one.7) Dialogue on CCTV is a thought-provoking talk show. I think it is better than any other talk shows CCTV offers.8) Mr. Cui is a witty talk show host. I don’t think you can find any wittier talk show host at the moment.9) In the 1930s, nursing and teaching were very good jobs for capable women. They could dream of no better jobs.10) These are delicious Korean noodles. We haven't had such good noodles for a long time.2. Complete the sentences by translating the -Chinese in the brackets Into English, using "all/everything etc. +a relative clause".1) (医生作了最大努力) to save the injured miners.2) Much as I respect the professor, __（我并不总是同意他说的一切）.3) Some parents can't say no to their children and never deny them_______________________（他们所要的任何东西）.4) (他一个星期辛勤劳动所得) was only a sack of rotten rice.5) (他妻子信里所写的) is one word: forgiven.6) (医生说的话没有一句 ) could shake her belief that though her son was physically crippled he was not mentally so.7) Well take seriously _______ _ (你所提出的任何建议).8) (他在一本通俗杂志中读到的一些东西) arousedhis interest in folk medicine.9) (能做到的都已经做了), but the patient has shownno sign of improvement.10) (这位艺术家所画的任何作品) was eagerly soughtafter.11) Each human being is born as something new, （一种以前不存在的东西）.3. Put in the blanks proper modals listed below.____________________can/can't | may (not) j might (not) | must/mustn't | have to(1) In this mountain village there are still adults who____ .. read and write.(2) As a teacher, you _______ mind what you say before the children.(3) Public servants _______ take advantage of their position for their personal interests.(4) As the eldest son of a poor family, I _______ help support the family, and _____ start work at 15 when my father was out of a job.(5) Once Galileo said, "You _______ teach a man anything. You ____only help him discover it within himself. "(6) —________ I have another ice cream?—No, you _______. You've had two. Too much ice cream _______ upset your stomach.(7) —What ____.... I do? My passport's stolen.—I think you _______ tell the local police about it immediately.(8) —I badly need a copy of yesterday's China Daily. Where do you thinkI _______ get one?—Why don't you go to the post office? I saw quite a few there just an hour ago. There _______ still be some.(9) —Do you think the director ______? still be in his office? I've got something that I _______ report to him without delay.—He _______ be there at this hour. And his car isn't where he usuallyparks it.(10) —Someone's fixed our computer. Who do you think it _______ be?— It____________ be Xiao Lu. He's the expert in the department. But It_______ be somebody else. Many people have offered to help.(11) —I'm afraid I _________be going now. It's getting late.—_________ you stay a little longer?—I'd like to. But I __________catch the last bus.—I won't keep you then.—Good night. It's been a pleasure.4. Put in proper prepositions.1) He got to know his wife _____ a Marriage Bureau.2)1 don't think it's proper to discuss such important matters _______the telephone.3) People may not know that sometimes they act _____ their father or mother.4) _____ a hardened businessman he never admits that sometimes he wants to cry _____ a baby.5) He slept _____ the concert and woke up only to find everybody gone.6) ________ the past fifteen years the coastal town has grown _______a prosperousport.7) The bullet went _____ the wall and fell on the man's desk.8) What he likes to do after a day in the office is to chat with a friend or two _____ a glass of wine.9) Patting the family dog can help you to live longer, said Jim. _____a psychologist （心理学家), he believes that pet owners suffer less_____stress and high blood pressure than people _____ a cat or dog _____ the house. _____ part of a three-year study he brought groups of people together _____ their pets. He found that their blood pressure was much lower when they were alone _____ their pets than when they were left to talk ________ each other.10) Many patients who don't want to tell their doctor how much they really drink are often more honest _____ a computer. The computer used _________ this purpose isprogrammed to be friendly. For example, if a patient called Ann says that both herparents are dead, the computer will say: "I'm sorry to hear that, Ann. "expressing sympathy, the computer can also question and remind. If a patient says he never drinks alcohol, the computer can ask him: "Never? Not even parties or __ Christmas?" Does this direct contact ______the patients and the computer mean that we do not need doctors any more?It depends. Computers are useful because they do not look shocked if you say you drink two bottles _____whisky a day. And they do not stop to talk ______ the phone as doctors often do.But as a doctor said: "We smile and we give a patient a handkerchief orput an arm _____ her shoulder if she is crying. That is why people will always want us.”5. Identify and correct the mistake in each of the sentences.1) Something which a witness said during the trial has been bothering me.2) Many parents mistakenly believe that the more toys children have, they will be more creative.3) A house without a book is as a room without a window.4) He was very glad to see his old friend that tears ran down his cheeks.5) People believe that tomorrow's car will be bigger, faster, and more comfortable as before.6) Both on land and sea, helicopters (直升飞机) have rescued many people.7) Jim is intelligent, but not as hard-working like his sister.8) The most humorous person whom I've ever met is my teacher of Chinese.9)1 don't believe an old man of 80 could be so strong to knock down a door.10) All those that the people want are lasting peace and social progress.IV. Written WorkDescribe how the Nightingale built a red rose out of music in about 150 words.Key to the ExercisesII. VocabularyI. Practice using the rules of word formation.1) Examine how the compound nouns from the text are formed Work out their meanings. Add more words that are formed in the same way.These compound nouns are formed by noun+noun.2) Examine how the word "sincerity" is formed. Find out the meaning of the noun suffix "-ty" with the help of a dictionary.sincerity; sincere + -ityThe suffix "-ty", from French, is used to form abstract nouns that refer to the state of having a particular quality or sth. that has that quality.e. g. certain + -ty —? certaintyNote: "-ity" is a variant form of "-ty".3)Turn the following adjectives into nouns ending with "-ty" or "-ity" and then vice versa. Add more words to the list.Adjective Noun Adjective Nounable ability stupid stupidityactive activity capable capabilityavailable availability creative creativitycertain certainty human humanitycruel cruelty responsible responsibilitycurious curiosity original originalityrelative relativity possible possibilityprobable probabilityspecial specialtyvisible visibility4) Complete the sentence with the words in the brackets in their noun forms.(1) construction (8) humanity(2) Creativity (9) Poverty(3) motivation (10) ignorance(4) difference (11) sincerity(5) investment (12) Politeness(6) capabilities (13) Curiosity(7) activity (14) shortness2. Give words or expressions with similar meanings.1) to freeze 10) to pick/to pull off2) precious 11) exactly3) soft 12) true/genuine/actual4) low/soft/weak 13) foolish/stupid/unwise/dumb/brainless5) to throw/to toss/to cast 14) to watch over/to look after/to control/to6) big/gigantic/huge/large preside over/to manage/to direct/to guide7) to cut/to cut short/to cut off/to destroy 15) to shake/to shiver/to quiver8) ache/pain 16) to sob/to cry9)area/field/patch/space/section/lot 17)miserable/unhappy/pitiful/unfortunate/sorrowful/ broken-hearted3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms .1) blind with 2) pressed, against 3) For want of4) in return 5) lingered on 6) compared to7) was fond of, something of 8) Compared to 9) For want of10) compared to 11) was blue with4. Put the following into English.1) to give/hold/have a ball 8) to press the doorbell2) to give/hold/have/throw a party 9) to sacrifice/give/lay down one's life'3) to give a press conference 10) to nip the buds4) to bury the treasures 11) to pierce the heart5) to bury/cover one's face in one's hands 12) to deny the fact6) to pluck/pick the flowers 13) to deny the charge7) to pay the price 14) to fill up the bottle5. Complete the sentences with the following phrasal verbs of "go" in their properforms.1) go ahead 2) go by 3) went off 4) going up5) going on 6) went on with 7) gone over 8) going through9) go into 10) go with, go together6. Give the meanings of the underlined parts in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts.1) 清了清（嗓子） 7）细胞2) 放晴了 8）登机3）清醒清醒（头脑） 9）董事（委员）会4）还清（债务） 10）伙食5）清楚地 11）木板6）牢房7. Give the sentence patterns of the underlined parts in the sentences below, and then using the patterns, rewrite the sentences that follow.Sentence patterns: imperative + and + clauseimperative + or + clauseOne possibility of the sentences;1) Read Lu Xun and your mind will include a piece of his.2) Drink tomato juice for some time and you will not be afraid of seeing blood.3) Rest for a while and your headache will be gone.4) Give Jimmy less money, or he will develop some bad habit.5) Improve the quality of your product, or you will lose your market.6) Punish these people severely, or illegal trade in wild life will never stop.7) Take this opportunity, or you will live to regret it.8) Stop polluting our rivers and lakes immediately, or we will be in deep trouble.8. Put in the missing words.(1) lives (2) noticed (3) but (4) or (5) heard(6) to (7) plant (8) by (9) calmed (10) used(11) dollars (12) seems (13) slower (14) shopping (15) weekends (16) be (17) create (18) toIII. Grammar1. Combine each pair of the sentences as shown in the example.1) Xiao Fang is the smartest girl I've ever known.2) This is the most fantastic story I've ever heard.3) 15,000 yuan is the lowest price we can offer for this laptop.4) Pearl Harbor is the best American film I've seen for quite a while.5) Lin is the most easy-going professor I've ever met.6) The storm last night was the worst I can remember.7) I think Dialogue is the most thought-provoking talk show CCTV offers.8) I think Mr. Cui is the wittiest talk show host you can find at the moment.9) In the 1930s, nursing and teaching were the best jobs capable women could dream of.10) These are the most delicious noodles we've had since a long time ago.2. Complete the sentences by translating the -Chinese in the brackets Into English, using "all/everything etc. +a relative clause".1) The doctors did all they could2) I don't always agree with everything he says3) anything they ask for4) All he got from a week of hard work5) All that is written in his wife's letter6) Nothing the doctors said7) anything you suggest8) Something he read in a popular magazine9) All that can be done is done10) Anything the artist painted11) something that never existed before3. Put in the blanks proper modals listed below.(1) can't (ability)(2) must (obligation)(3) mustn't (obligation)(4) must (obligation) , had to (necessity)(5) cannot (possibility), can (possibility)(6) May (permission), can't (permission), might (possibility)(7) can (possibility), must (obligation)(8) can/may (possibility), must (subject certainty)(9) might (possibility), have to (necessity), can't (possibility)(10) could (possibility), could (possibility), might (possibility)(11) must (necessity), can't (possibility), have to (necessity)Note: According to the Ox ford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, the 2000 edition, thereisn't much difference between "must" and "have to" in American English. The latter is more common, especially in speech. In British English there is a difference between them. "Must" is used to talk about what the speaker or listener wants, and "have (got) to" about rules, laws and other people's wishes. There are no past or future forms of "must".4. Put in proper prepositions.1) through 2) over 3) like 4) As, like5) through 6) Over/In/During, into 7) through 8) over9) As, from, without, around. As, with, with, to10) with, for, Besides/Apart from, at, at, between, of, on round/around5. Identify and correct the mistake in each of the sentences.1) Something (that) a witness said during the trial has been bothering me.2) Many parents mistakenly believe that the more toys children have, the more creative they will be.3) A house without a book is like a room without a window.4) He was 50 glad to see his old friend that tears ran down his cheeks.5) People believe that tomorrow's car will be bigger, faster, and more comfortable than before.6) Both on land and at sea, helicopters have rescued many people.7) Jim is intelligent, but not as hard-working as his sister.8) The most humorous person (that) I've ever met is my teacher of Chinese.9) I don't believe an old man of 80 could be so strong as to knock downa door.10) All that the people want are lasting peace and social progress.IV. Written WorkDescribe how the Nightingale built a red rose out of music in about 150 words.Sample:When the moon rose, the Nightingale set her breast against the thorn of (he Rose-tree. She sang of the love between a boy and a girl and a white rose blossomed. The Tree urged the Nightingale to press closer against the thorn to finish the rose before dawn. The Nightingale did as she was told and the thorn went deeper. She sang of the passion in the soul of a man and a "woman and the rose turned pink. The Tree told the Nightingale to press still closer because the heart of the rose remained white. She obeyed. She sang of the love that was perfected by death but did not die in death. Throughout the night, the Nightingale sang. Her song grew louder and louder while her pain became bitter and bitter. Finally the thorn reached her heart and she died, but the rose was finished. It was red all over, petal and heart. (155 words)友情提示：部分文档来自网络整理，供您参考！文档可复制、编制，期待您的好评与关注！21 / 21。
现代大学英语精读第四册答案lesson1—5翻译
Unit 11) 我知道，不管发生什么，我都可以指望我兄弟会支持我。
I knew I could expect my brother to stand by me whatever happened.2) 一般情况下，年轻人总是对现在和将来更有兴趣。
As a general rule, young people tend to be more interested in the present and the future.3) 如果他们双方不妥协，就都会遭损。
Both sides will stand to lose if they do not compromise.4)我们希望使我们全部的课程和教材都…统一的整体。
It is our hope to integrate all the courses and teaching materials.5) 中国的书面文字一直是国家完整统一的一个重要因素。
The Chinese written language has been a major factor for integrating our nation.6) 在中国的传统艺术中，竹子往道德上的正直，刚正不阿。
In traditional Chinese art, the bamboo stands for moral integrity and uprightness.7) 绝大多数人都赞成深化改革。
The great majority of the people stand for reform.8)伊丽莎白统治英国45年。
在她…繁荣昌盛。
Queen Elizabeth the First ruled England for 45 years, and the country prospered under her rule.9)真理一开始总是掌握在极少数人手里，这是一般的规律。
The truth is always in the hands of a small minority at first. That's the rule.10) 民主意味着有多数人来治理，……这两条基本规则同等重要。
杨立民《现代大学英语精读（4）》...
杨⽴民《现代⼤学英语精读（4）》...Unit 7⼀、练习答案I. Cloze (20 points)1—5: CDBBD6—10: CCBAD11—15: BCAAD16—20: BCADDII. Grammar & Vocabulary (30 points) 21—25: CCDCD26—30: DCBAD31—35: ADCAC36—40: BCBAB41—45: DACAD46—50: BCDABIII. Reading Comprehension (20 points) 51—55: ADBBC56—60: ABDCC61—65: DBACD66—70: ADCBDIV.Writing (30 points)Section A: CompositionShould Citizens Be Granted Full Right to Whatever Name They Choose?I think citizens should be granted full right to whatever name they choose as long as the name meets the requirement of the law. But naming with a Chinese characters plus an English letter, as the father of the graduate student did, is not a good idea. It is not very appropriate and normal.Normally, our names consist of three Chinese characters, which is quite different from the names in other countries. The first one is the family name. The second one is the generation name and the last one is the given name. This is the general rule for a Chinese name. In fact, nowadays, a lot of people omit the generation name. However, this is acceptable. The student had trouble in transferring her hukou because of her name. This trouble is caused by not following the rules of writing personal names.What’s more, our Chinese characters are unique without numbers that can not be the same with other languages. But the English letters are different from Chinese characters. If we use the letters, the pronunciation is a big problem, because those letters can also be found in other languages with differentpronunciations. There is no standard how they should be pronounced.Personal names are also a kind of traditional culture in China, which consist of the information of your family and the hopes of our parents. In order to protect our culture and respect the tradition, we should stick to our nation’s standard form of personal names.Section B: Note-WritingUnit 8⼀、词汇短语Text Arigorous [] adj. 严格的，严厉的；严酷的，严峻的【例句】He makes a rigorous study of the plant in the area. 他对该地的植物进⾏了慎密的研究。
现代大学英语精读lesson5-PPT精品文档
Lesson Fifteen
Touched by the Moon
Structure of the Text
• Part 1 (paras. 1—2 ) On the way to a friend’s house, I was awe-struck by the moonrise in Manila and mentioned the moon’s influence on my friend’s life. • Part 2 (paras. 3—4 ) During the visit to the northern India, the author witnessed the beautiful moon over mountains and the plain respectively. • Part 3 (para. 5) In the Philippines, the author watched the full moon over the sea.
• awesome: expressing or causing feelings of ~; remarkable, outstanding, marvelous • ~struck / ~stricken: filled with, made silent or showing ~
• e.g. They sat in awestruck silence after hearing the truth at last.
5. cyclo-: circle, ring
• bicycle, tricycle, motorcycle • circular: in the shape of a circle • circus: a circular area (for acrobatic, clown, and trained animal performance) • cyclic: moving in recurrent circles • cyclone: a storm in which wind whirls round and round in a circle • circulate: move around in a circle; to be distributed to a circle of readers
精读4 unit5 现代大学英语第二版课后练习答案附带课文翻译
Vocabulary 1 Translate the following expressions. Into English 1. distribute wealth 2. drill a hole 3. drive the turbine 4. refine/extract oil 5. invite disaster 6. irrigate land 7. squander money Into Chinese 1. 无法满足的需求 2. 不明智的补救办法 3. 地下水水位 4. 已经断流的河流 5. 饥荒、瘟疫及大规模的移民 6. 供应及需求 7. 大澡盆、电热淋浴及抽水马桶8. sustain river deltas and wetlands 9. sweep the globe 10. drain/remove the sewage 11. save water 12. conserve soil 13. satisfy the demands: meet the needs 14. harness rivers and lakes 8. 作物品种9. 灌溉区 10. 物质不灭定律；质量守恒定律 11. 海水谈化 12. 供不应求；供过于求 13. 濒危物种 14. 冷却系统 15. 火电 4 Translate the following sentences into English. 1. Statistics show that China has a total amount of 2.8 trillion cubic meters of water resources, second only to Brazil, Russia and Canada, ranking the fourth (to be updated) in the world. But when divided by 1.3 billion, our average per-capita share of water resources only amounts to about one quarter of the world’s average. 2. We have always been heavily burdened with the problem of water shortage. It is said that of the 661 large and medium-sized cities nationwide, about two-thirds aresuffering from an acute shortage of water. Beijing is a good example in point. It not only lacks surface water, even its underground water table is dangerously low. It is reported to have dropped by 90 meters. Some scholars suggest we move our capital to some other place. This is of course unfeasible/unrealistic, but the message is clear.3. Our water resources first of all are not evenly distributed in time or space. They are either too much, causing floods, or too little, causing droughts.4. In spite of the impressive progress we have achieved in the past years, we are still far from effectively harnessing our rivers, lakes and reservoirs. Soil erosion and desertification are increasingly threatening our economy and people ’s life. Many of our rivers no longer flow to the sea. In 1998, the Yellow River failed to have enough water to flow to the sea for 212 days.5. Traditionally our water resources have mainly been used to irrigate land but, in recent years, demands on water for industrial and domestic use have also been sharplyon the rise. They have seriously outgrown supplies. 6. Today our scarce water resources are becoming even scarcer because a lot of water is being wasted on capacious baths, power showers, flush lavatories, and golf rinks. Moreover, a lot of water is being polluted. 7. These two rivers both have their headwater in the country. It therefore makes water an issue for potential serious dispute between the two countries. 8. In recent years, we have pinned great hopes on the projects to divert water form the south to the north, hoping that it will once and for all solve our flood problem in the south and the drought problem in the north. But there are scholars whose opinions differ. They warn us that the immunity of the Yangtze to droughts cannot be taken for granted. 6 Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the use of hyperbole and its understatement 1. 我有一千条理由相信，下次世界大战将因争水而发生。
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To be continued on the next page.
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I. Text Analysis
Vic: Shall we tell them why you’re so fat? It’s
because you are greedy, isn’t it, Sharon? You eat too much. Eh? (Para. 18) Sharon: Yes, Mr. Parks. (Para. 19)
For reference
WB T L E
To be continued on the next page.
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I. Text Analysis
Theme
Man of the Moment is a play about, among other things, representation, truth, reality, hyper reality and hyper consumerism, above all, a meditation on fame and morality.
I. Text Analysis
Plot: seventeen years after the bank raid, the ex-bank robber and the hero are brought together againhas affected their lives.
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I. Text Analysis
Plot of the drama Scene of the drama Protagonists of the drama Conflicts of the drama Climax of the drama Writing techniques of the drama Theme of the drama
Part Three
Lesson 5—Man of the Moment
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ENTER
Text Appreciation
I. Text Analysis II.Writing Device
Sarcasm
III.Sentence Paraphrase
Lesson 5—Man of the Moment
Sharon killed Vic in the swimming pool, bringing every conflict to a close.
Lesson 5—Man of the Moment
Please find details in the text to bear it
out.
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good idea. Questions: • Why does Trudy behave warmly toward
Douglas? Can you come up with some reasons to explain her hospitality toward Douglas? • Why does Vic respond sourly?
Lesson 5—Man of the Moment
Please find details in the text to bear it
out.
WB T L E
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I. Text Analysis
Conflicts
Major conflict: Vic v.s Douglas Minor conflicts: Vic v.s Trudy
Scene: in Vic’s Spanish villa Protagonists: Vic (the ex-convict) & Douglas (the hero) Conflicts: go to Conflicts Climax: go to Climax Writing techniques: go to Writing devices Theme: go to the next page
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Lesson 5—Man of the Moment
Discuss these
questions with your partners.
For reference
Lesson 5—Man of the Moment
Questions: • What kind of person is Vic? • How many times does Sharon say “Yes, Mr.
Parks”? Why is she so obedient to Vic?
Lesson 5—Man of the Moment
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To be continued on the next page.
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I. Text Analysis
Trudy: You mustn’t do that, you know. He only
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Lesson 5—Man of the Moment
I. Text Analysis
Trudy: I wondered if you wanted to take up my
offer and stroll down to the beach, Douglas? While they’re doing their interview? (Para. 31) Vic (sourly): Yes, you take him down the beach,
Vic v.s Sharon
Lesson 5—Man of the Moment
Please find details in the text to bear it
out.
WB T L E
To be continued on the next page.
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I. Text Analysis
Climax