华中农业大学考研微生物英语题库

Test 1: Development of Microbiology

1 Multiple Choice (choose one answer)

1.The fundamental unit of all living organisms is the

Membrane cell nucleus cell wall

anisms that do not contain a true nucleus are referred to as

fungi eukaryotic prokaryotic nankaryotic

3.The three kingdom classification system of organisms was proposed by

Pasteur Bacon Winogradsky Woese

4.Fungi differ from bacteria in a number of characteristics. The cell walls in fungi are

composedof , while the cell walls of bacteria are composed of peptidoglycan

Chitin phospholipids protein glucosamine

5.The first microscopes were developed by

Ehrlich Metchnikoff Leewenhoek Lister

6.Control of microbial infections can be accomplished by chemical or immune mechanisms.

The first report on the production of an antibiotic is credited to:

Lister Fleming Ehrlich Koch

7The term "antibiotic" means

a substance produced by the laboratory that kills or inhibits other microorganisms

a substance produced by microorganisms that kills or inhibits molds

a substance produced by microorganism that kills or inhibits other microorganisms

a substance produced by microorganisms that kills or inhibits cancer cells

8 The first documented use of a vaccine for smallpox was reported by the English physician

Lister .Florey Fleming Jenner

9 Active immunity can be distinguished from passive immunity in that the former requires:

development of antibodies in one's own body by stimulation with external antibodies

development of antibodies in one's own body by stimulation with external antigens

Flemingdevelopment of antibodies in a foreign host and transfer to one' s own body

development of antigens in one's own body by stimulation with external antibodies

10The process of nitrification by bacteria described by Winogradsky converts ammonia to nitrate ions nitrate ions to ammonia

N2 to ammonia ammonia to urea

11The transfer of DNA from one organism to another through the use of a viral vector is referred to as

Electroporation conjugation transformation transduction

12The genetic material of a bacteria is located in the molecule:

RNA DNA protein lipid

2 Fill in the Blank

anisms that contain a true nucleus are called_______

2.Bacteria do not have a true nucleus and are considered _______

3.. Bacteria can be divided into two groups, the _______and the ______

4._______ are organisms that can grow without using molecular oxygen.

5. Microorganisms that can synthesize complex organic compounds from CO2:are called

_______.