2003年10月试卷
2003年10月甘肃省高等教育自学考试操作系统试卷
⼀、单项选择题（在每⼩题的四个备选答案中，选出 ⼀个正确的答案，并将其代码填⼊题⼲后的括号 内。
每⼩题1分，共10分） 1. 某⼀时刻、某⼀资源的信号量s=0，它表⽰（） A该时刻该类资源的可⽤数⽬为1 B该时刻该类资源的可⽤数⽬为－1 C该时刻等待该类资源的进程数⽬为1 D该时刻等待该类资源的进程数⽬为0 2. 进程间的间接通信⽅式是指（） A源进程将消息发送给管道B源进程将消息发送给缓冲区 C源进程将消息发送给信箱D源进程将消息直接发送给⽬标进程 3. 设置快表的⽬的在于（） A提⾼地址查找的命中率 B提⾼地址变换速度 C淘汰不⽤的页 D增加页表的容量 4. 绝对路径和相对路径⽐较（） A绝对路径便于使⽤ B相对路径便于使⽤ C绝对路径⽐相对路径短 D相对路径字符⽐较长 5. 并发是指两个或多个事件（） A在同⼀时刻发⽣ B在同⼀时间区段内发⽣ C两个进程相互交互 D在时间上相互⽆关 6. 进程的组成有三部分：程序、PCB和（） A数据字段 B数据记录C数据集合 DSDT 7. 若给定⼀个逻辑地址空间中的地址为A，页⾯⼤⼩为L，则页内地址D为（） AA/L BA mod L CINT[A/L] DA－L 8. 按⽤途⽂件可分为⽤户⽂件、库⽂件和（） A只读⽂件 B只写⽂件C系统⽂件 D索引⽂件 9.硬件在中断过程中参与的⼀项⼯作是（） A交换PSW B修改信号量C保留现场 D恢复现场 10.分页式存储管理系统中，地址的构成为（） A页号 B页内地址 C页号和页内地址 D页号 ⼆、多项选择题（在每⼩题的五个备选答案中，选出⼆ ⾄五个正确答案，并将其代码填在题⼲后的括号 内；错选、多选不得分。
每⼩题2分，共18分） 1. 存储器管理的功能包括（） A内存分配 B内存保护 C地址映射 D内存扩充 E磁盘空闲区管理 2. PCB的主要特征体现在（） A记录进程运⾏状态B标志进程的存在 C其中包含进程控制信息 D其中包含进程调度信息 E由程序和数据块组成 3. 线程与进程⽐较⽽⾔，下⾯论述成⽴的有（） A⼀个线程通常由多个进程组成 B⼀个进程通常由多个线程组成 C相对⽽⾔，线程运⾏需要更多的资源 D线程⽐进程运⾏需更少的资源 E线程运⾏的系统开销更⼩ 4. ⽂件控制块FCB中包含的信息通常有三类，它们分别是（） A基本信息 B删除信息 C存取控制信息 D使⽤信息 E创建信息 5.⽂件的分级安全管理⼀般可分成（） A系统级 B⽤户级 C⽬录级 D⽂件级 E字段级 6. 第⼀级容错技术包括（）A双份⽬录 B双份⽂件分配表 C热修复重定向 D写后读校验 E磁盘双⼯ 7. 按信息交换单位分类，I/O设备可分成（） A低速 B中速 C字符设备 D块设备 E⾼速 8. 中断的过程通常包括（） A中断请求 B中断响应 C中断设置 D中断处理 E中断返回 9. 按存取控制属性⽂件可以分为（） A只读 B系统⽂件 C⽤户⽂件 D只写 E只执⾏ 三、判断改错题（认为对的，在题后的括号内打“√”， 认为错的打“×”，并加以改正。
2003年10月中学教师资格认定考试(教育心理学)真题试卷(题后含答
2003年10月中学教师资格认定考试（教育心理学）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 单选题 2. 多选题 6. 名词解释题7. 简答题8. 论述题单选题以下每道试题的备选答案中，只有一项是最符合题意的，请选出该项。
1．心理学成为一门独立的学科是以德国学者冯特_____年在莱比锡大学建立了世界上第一个心理学实验室为标志的。
【】A．1798B．1879C．1789D．1897正确答案：B解析：1879年，冯特在莱比锡大学建立了世界上第一个心理学实验室。
2．以特定的量表为工具，对个体的心理特征进行间接了解。
并做出量化结论的研究方法称为【】A．实验法B．测验法C．调查法D．观察法正确答案：B解析：测验法是一种以特定的量表为工具，对个体心理特征进行间接了解而做出量化结论的研究方法。
3．有预定目的，但又不需要意志努力的注意是【】A．随意注意B．不随意注意C．随意后注意D．无意注意正确答案：C解析：随意后注意是指有预定目的又不需要意志努力的注意。
4．感觉阈限与感受性的大小_____关系。
【】A．成正比例B．成反比例C．不成比例D．成准比例正确答案：B解析：感觉阈限与感受性成反比例关系：感觉阈限越高，感受性越低；感觉阈限越低，感受性越高。
5．由暗处到亮处．特别是在强光下，最初一瞬间会感到光线刺眼发眩，几乎看不清外界物体，几秒钟之后逐渐看清物体。
这种对光的感受性下降的变化现象称为【】A．暗适应B．明适应C．不适应D．知觉适应正确答案：B解析：从暗处到亮处的适应叫明适应。
6．记忆包括三个基本过程：编码、_____、提取。
【】A．识记B．回忆C．保持D．再认正确答案：C解析：记忆包括编码、保持、提取三个基本过程。
7．短时记忆的容量为_____个组块。
【】A．7+2B．5+2C．8+2D．9+2正确答案：A解析：短时记忆的容量一般为5个或是9个组块。
8．早上起来，推开窗子发现地面全都湿了，你推断昨天夜里一定下雨了。
北京市中学生网上天文知识竞赛试卷(有答案)
北京市中学生网上天文知识竞赛试卷（有答案）发表日期：2003年10月23日出处：北京天文台作者：同上已经有56位读者读过此文北京市中学生网上天文知识竞赛试卷Part 1 选择题（每题一分，共40分）01、离地球最近的行星是（）A、金星B、水星C、火星02、太阳系中质量最大的行星是（）A、火星B、土星C、木星D、天王星03、太阳系中自转最快的行星是（）A、木星B、土星C、天王星D、海王星04、太阳系中自转最慢的行星是（）A、水星B、金星C、地球D、火星05、太阳黑子位于太阳大气的（）A、光球层B、色球层C、日冕D、对流层06、太阳耀斑位于太阳大气的（）A、光球层B、色球层C、日冕D、对流层07、太阳的能量来自于（）A、化合反应B、分解反应C、核聚变D、核裂08、太阳系行星中在地球上看起来最明亮的是（）A、水星B、金星C、火星D、木星09、下列卫星中，哪一个的自转周期与公转周期相同（）A、冥卫一B、木卫一C、土卫一D、月球10、太阳系中最大的火山是（）A、维苏威火山B、五大连池C、奥林匹斯火山D、马特峰11、伽利略号探测器(Galileo)探测的目标为（）A. 金星B. 木星C. 土星D 火星12、1997年10月15日，有一颗探测器飞向土星，将于2004年飞临土星，这个探测器是（）A、旅行者1号B、卡西尼号C、奥德赛D、旅行者2号13、太阳系中大气活动最猛烈、表面风速最快的行星是（）A、天王星B、海王星C、冥王星D、水星14、下列行星中，会发生凌日现象的是A、金星B、火星C木星D、土星15、下列行星中，会发生冲日现象的是A、水星B、金星C、地球D、木星16、近地小行星中，穿越地球轨道的称为A、阿莫尔型B、阿波罗型C、阿姆斯特朗型D、阿耆尼型17、1994年撞击木星的彗星名叫A、百武彗星B、哈雷彗星C、海尔-波普彗星D、苏梅克-列维9号18、下列行星中，卫星最多的是A、木星B、土星C、火星D、海王星19、长庚是中国古代对哪一颗行星的称呼?A 水星B. 金星C. 火星20、狮子座流星雨与哪颗彗星有关?A. 谭普－塔特尔彗星(Comet Temple-Tuttle)B. 斯威夫特－塔特尔彗星(Comet Swift-Tuttle)C池－谷关彗星(Comet Ikeya-Saki)21、内行星在哪一个时候最适宜观察?A. 东大距B. 上合C. 西大距D冲22、第一颗小行星是谁发现的?A. 皮亚齐B. 奥伯斯C. 基普索恩23、人们日常所用的时间是（）A. 恒星时，B. 真太阳时, C. 平太阳时24、太阳直射北回归线是24节气中的（）A.春分，B.秋分，C.夏至，D.冬至25、肉眼看来，星空中最亮的恒星是_______。
2003年10月份 公文写作与处理历年试题及答案
做试题,没答案?上自考365,网校名师为你详细解答!全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试公文写作与处理试题课程代码：00341一、单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1.甲骨文书是我国迄今发现的最早的文书档案，它产生的时代是（）A.夏代B.商代后期C.西晋D.东汉末年2.在以下文种中，党的机关和国家行政机关都可以使用的文种是（）A.条例B.命令（令）C.议案D.会议纪要3.公文写作的整个过程指的是（）A.选取材料、构思布局直至拟写成文B.起草初稿、讨论、修改形成送审稿C.起草成文并制发正式公文D.从起草公文到办理归档4.公文写作有明确的受文对象，因此公文的内容应当具有（）A.政治性B.规范性C.针对性D.政策性5.毛泽东同志曾经指出，文章和文件都应当具有三种性质，这三种性质是（）A.准确性、鲜明性、生动性B.政治性、生动性、政策性C.逻辑性、生动性、鲜明性D.准确性、逻辑性、形象性6.公文正文结构的三个组成部分是（）A.公文标题、主送机关和发文机关名称B.公文标题、导语和正文主体C.公文标题、正文主体和结束语D.导语、正文主体和结束语7.在以下的机关部门之间可以联合行文的是（）A.省人大常委会、省民政厅、省军区B.省人民政府、省教育厅、××大学C.省教育厅、省人事厅、省财政厅D.省民政厅、省政协、省公安厅8.在一定范围内公布事项的告知性公文文种是（）A.公报B.通报C.通告D.通知9.请求公文的标题出现的形式一般是（）1A.发文单位加文种B.事由加文种C.单用文种名称D.发文单位加事由加文种10.能在各种会议上宣读的文稿称为（）A.讲话稿B.演讲稿C.开幕词D.答谢辞11.下列各项中，不属于公文处理工作特点的为（）A.权威性B.时限性C.机要性D.规范性12.在以下机关单位中，公文处理的组织形式可采用集中形式的有（）A.省人民政府B.县委组织部C.省教育厅D.县人民政府13.公文在机关内部从形成到运转处理所经过的一系列环节，称之为（）A.发文办理程序B.收文办理程序C.公文处理程序D.公文办理程序14.经办人在公文处理单上对公文承办的情况和结果作简要说明，称之为（）A.注办B.拟办C.批办D.承办15.在公文发文办理阶段，通过对文稿的最后审批来体现机关领导人行使职权的重要环节是（）A.批办B.核发C.签发D.审核16.对办理完毕的，具有一定查考利用价值的文件材料组合成案卷称为（）A.案卷整理B.案卷组合C.平时归卷D.公文立卷17.对于组织机构比较简单的基层单位来说，公文立卷地点的选择应为（）A.机关办公室集中立卷B.各部门分散立卷C.部分集中、部分分散立卷D.特殊性部门单独立卷18.在下列文件材料中，应作为长期保存的有（）A.本机关制定的法规政策性文件B.下级机关报送的重要总结和报告C.本机关有参考价值的事务性文件D.本机关召开重要会议的主要文件19.在案卷的组合中，对卷内文件的编号应在（）A.卷首的卷内文件目录上B.卷末的案卷备考表上C.卷内每张文件材料上D.卷内有文字页面的文件材料上20.标志整个公文立卷工作基本完成的工作是（）A.编目成卷B.调整定卷C.案卷装订D.案卷排列二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)2在每小题列出的五个备选项中有二个至五个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
2003-2010年高等教育自学考试中国文化概论真题及答案汇总
全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试中国文化概论试题课程代码：00321第一部分选择题（共35分）一、单项选择题(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1．讲到“文化”，《易·贲卦》说：“圣人观乎天文，以察时变；观乎人文，以化成天下。
”这反映出中国古代对“文”的认识是区分为天文和人文的。
“人文”指的是（ C ）A.自然现象和规律B.社会现象和规律C.人的文化水平D.人体花纹2．地理环境是人类存在和文化创造的（ C ）A.必要条件B.重要条件C.先决条件D.唯一条件3．一种社会文明，总有它正统的精神文化主导着该文明的（ D ）A.文化现象B.文化结构C.文化产品D.文化方向4．中国文化曲折演进的历史阶段是（ B ）A.西周B.春秋战国C.秦汉D.魏晋南北朝5．在我国历史上，南方水稻生产升至全国粮食作物产量第一位是在（）A.唐代B.北宋C.南宋D.明中叶6．在历史上，七巧板是以下哪个民族民间流传的智力玩具（）A.汉族B.匈奴族C.高车部D.蒙古族7．明代大医学家李时珍所著的药学百科全书是（ B ）A.《神农本草经》B.《本草纲目》C.《脉经》D.《素问》8．中国古代社会，完整的宗法制出现在（B ）A.夏代B.商代C.周代D.汉代9．中国古代科举考试的主导思想是（ B ）A.法家思想B.儒家思想C.道家思想D.墨家思想10．《庄子·齐物论》说：“天地与我并生，而万物与我为一。
”这句话体现出的中国传统的思维模式是（ A ）A.抽象思维B.类比思维C.辩证思维D.整体思维学问是异常珍贵的东西，从任何源泉吸收都不可耻。
——阿卜·日·法拉兹11．道教奉老子为教祖，尊称为（ A ）A.元始天尊B.灵宝天尊C.道德天尊D.太上老君12．中国古代学者重视讨论语言与客观实际的关系，其中提出“约定俗成”理论的人是（）A.孔子B.孟子C.荀子D.老子13．有历史记载的从事汉字规范的第一人是（）A.仓颉B.太史籀C.李斯D.许慎14．主张对“泰西之学”应取“欲求超胜，必先会通”姿态的学者是（）A.王征B.徐光启C.李之藻D.焦循15．“全盘西化论”的代表人物是（）A.孙中山B.钱穆C.胡适D.张之洞二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中有二至四个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试社会保障概论试题
高等教育自学考试社会保障概论试题课程代码：00071一、单项选择题（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1.最早颁布《养老、残疾、死亡保险法》的国家是（B）A.德国B.英国C.法国D.美国2.中华人民共和国成立不久就颁布了（B）A.《中华人民共和国养老保险法》B.《中华人民共和国劳动保险条例》C.《中华人民共和国工伤保险法》D.《中华人民共和国医疗保险条例》3.外国养老金的给付主要有两种，即（C）A.城市居民养老保险金和非城市居民养老保险金B.本国居民养老保险金和他国侨民养老保险金C.普通国民老年保险金和社会劳动者养老保险金D.白领老年保险金和蓝领老年保险金4.英国实行的社会救助制度采取（B）A.特困救助形式B.严审受益人条件C.本国公民享受制D.生活补贴形式5.国际劳工组织认为，工业化国家的家庭或个人，享受最低生活水平的救助条件是其收入相当于制造业工人平均工资的（A）A.30%B.40%C.50%D.60%6.我国基本养老保险的特征之一是（D）A.待遇标准各省市不一B.待遇标准全国统一C.待遇标准与本人的原工资无关D.待遇标准由各行业自行决定7.根据我国职工探亲制度，归侨、侨眷出境探望配偶，4年以上一次的假期为（D）A.3个月B.4个月C.5个月D.6个月8.社会救助是（A）A.国家或社会的基本职能和义务B.社会个人和团体的援助C.慈善事业的一种D.社会保险的核心9.在罗斯福总统的领导和主持下，1935年美国颁布了第一部（C）A.《社会保险法》B.《保险法》C.《社会保障法》D.《社会救助法》10.1948年首先宣布建成“从摇篮到坟墓”均有保障的福利国家是（A）A.瑞典B.中国C.英国D.美国11.1952年由国际劳工组织制定并通过的解释社会保障的权威性文件是（A）A.《社会保障最低标准公约》B.《社会保障法》C.《社会保险法》D.《济贫法》12.我国下列法律中对社会保险有明确规定的是（C）A.《中华人民共和国企业法》B.《中华人民共和国合同法》C.《中华人民共和国劳动法》D.《中华人民共和国公司法》13.由于劳动力的供给结构与需求结构不适应，出现某些行业的劳动力供不应求，而另一些行业的劳动力供过于求而引起的失业是（D）A.周期性失业B.摩擦性失业C.季节性失业D.结构性失业14.社会保险费率通常分为（C）A.基本费率和附加费率B.综合保险费率和附加费率C.分类保险费率和附加费率D.综合保险费率和分项费率15.失业保险所承保的风险是（C）A.自愿失业风险B.所有失业风险C.非自愿失业风险D.离职风险16.我国自1952年对国家机关、事业单位的职工实施的医疗社会保险是（B）A.劳保医疗B.公费医疗C.合作医疗D.自费医疗17.日本健康保险制度的保障对象是（B）A.雇员B.全体国民C.船员D.社会劳动者18.作为国家抚恤的必要补充的形式是（D）A.群众优待B.群众抚恤C.褒扬革命烈士D.国家优待19.劳动者投保费与其工资总额之比为（D）A.用人单位投保费率B.总投保费率C.综合费率D.个人投保费率20.社会保险基金投资收益免征（B）A.所得税B.利息税C.营业税D.资产税21.社会保障部门设立的全国性基金中，最大部分是（D）A.社会行动基金B.行政管理基金C.津贴基金D.储备基金22.伤残抚恤是对革命伤残人员给予一定的物质照顾，对其中无工作的人员，发给（B）A.伤残保健金B.伤残抚恤金C.一次性抚恤金D.不定期抚恤金23.社会保障由一个或若干个政府机构和地方当局分工管理的国家是（D）A.泰国B.法国C.美国D.英国24.我国社会保障管理机构设置实行（B）A.中央集权管理B.中央和地方分级管理C.地方自行管理D.中央和地方自行管理25.社会优待的对象是（D）A.革命残废军人B.牺牲病故军人家属C.退役军人D.现役军人家属和在乡老红军、老复员退伍军人26.失业是有劳动能力和劳动意愿的劳动力得不到就业机会或就业后又丧失劳动机会的（D）A.自然现象B.社会现象C.政治现象D.劳动现象27.我国的优抚工作包括的内容之一是优待，书中介绍的优待是（D）A.政治上的优待B.物质上的优待C.狭义的优待D.广义的优待28.实行公助自保社会保险的国家中，生育保险的对象仅包括（A）A.女性劳动者B.已婚女性劳动者C.育龄阶段的女性劳动者D.全体妇女29.生育保险的补助性质属于（A）A.短期B.长期C.中期D.终身30.我国社会优抚保障的主管部门是（B）A.劳动部B.民政部C.中华全国总工会D.财政部二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)在每小题列出的五个备选项中有二个至五个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
2003年10月全国英语阅读(二)试题及答案[1]
![2003年10月全国英语阅读(二)试题及答案[1]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/414b841f58eef8c75fbfc77da26925c52cc5917d.png)
全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试英语阅读（二）试题课程代码：00596Ⅰ. Directions: Match the words in Column A with their definitions in Column B. Write the letter of the answer to each word in Column A on your ANSWER SHEET.(10 points, 1 point for each)A B1. accrue3. eraseⅡ. Directions: Read each of the following sentences carefully, and choose A, B, C or D that has the closest meaning to the underlined word or phrase. Write the corresponding letter of the answer on your ANSWER SHEET. (10 points, 1 point for each) OFF your soap or washing powder or dog food or whatever.A. transmissionC. distraction B. rudenessD. politeness12. A few years ago, our group at Saclay, a number of other European Laboratories, orbited a telescope.A. along withB. in the light of D. regardless ofC. in agreement withother items taken over or repossessed by the lenders.A. homogeneityC. responsibilitiesA. inaccessibleC. abundantA. increasinglyC. attributablyB. appropriateness D. probabilities B. insufficient D. extinguishable 15. Astrid and I kept talking and the man continued to swing and lurch over us, thanking us B. confidentially D. repeatedly 116. If the greenhouse effect produces lasting climatic change, national color preferences could A. changeC. renewtheir national economies will suffer as a result.A. sudden and severeC. clear and simpleA. on top ofB. slow and continuous D. far and wide B. instead of D. on behalf of B. happy D. greatly surprised 19. More people report they “feel”C. on the point of A. overjoyed C. sadⅢ. Directions: Scan Passage 1 and find the words which have roughly the meanings given below. Write the word you choose in the corresponding space on your ANSWER SHEET. (10 points, 1 point for each)Note: The numbers in the brackets refer to the numbers of paragraphs in the passage.21. exact; accurate (1)22. statement explaining the meaning of a word or expression (1)23. general (1)24. to provide more details about something in order to make it clearer (1)25. to have or use something together with someone else (2)27. information, usually in the from of facts or statistics that one can analyze (2)29. to plan, prepare, decide on all the details of something (3)30. to change something into a different form (3)Passage 12SECTION 2 READING COMPREHENSION(40 points)IV. Directions: Skim Passage 2 and read the statements given right after the passage andjudge whether they are True or False. Write the corresponding answer you choose on your ANSWER SHEET.(10 points, 1 point for each)Passage 22.In contrast are the unusual, chronic, or exceptionally severe pains that require attention from a doctor, who can determine whether or not they require special care.Angina pectoris(pain of the chest) is a heart pain that lasts from two or three minutes to ten or fifteen. Identification is extremely important, because special drugs are needed for relief and the doctor’s understanding and advice may prevent recurrence of the condition.3.Only a doctor can recognize what are called referred pains. These originate at one point, but are felt at another to which they have been carried by the nerves. A person with continuous 331.Transient pains should usually be investigated.32.All chronic pains require special care.33.Angina pectoris would probably be classified as unusual.35.Pains can be useful as a signal of the presence of disease.36.Transient pains are different from referred pains.37.Pains can serve as an aid in the diagnosis of disease.38.A person with continuous pains is usually good-tempered.39.Chronic pains are felt some distance from their source.40.All chronic pains can be identified and treated.V. Directions: Read Passages 3 and 4 and choose the correct answer. Write the corresponding letter of the answer on your ANSWER SHEET.(20 points, 1 point for each)Passage 31.Every year a great number of babies and young children die or are injured in fires. One out of every five fires is caused by careless smoking or by children playing with matches and lighters. Don’t tempt children by leaving matches or lighter s around a room.2.Never leave a child alone in a house. In just a few seconds they could start a fire. Ora fire could start and trap them. A child will panic in a fire and will not know what to do. Unless a parent is around to help, a child may try to hide under a bed or in a closet. Home fire drills are a sound idea. The best way to stop panic in case of fire is to know what to do before a fire breaks out.5.Some people use a vaporizer or portable heater in a child’s room. If you do, be sure you 4place it out of reach. Be sure, too, that it is not placed too close to blankets or bedclothes.e care in the kitchen. It is not safe to let an infant crawl or a small child walk around the kitchen while you are preparing meals. There is danger of your tripping andspilling something hot on the child. There is even danger of a child pulling in a hot pot off the stove on to herself. Also, do not use tablecloths that hang over the table edge. Children can easily pull the cloth and whatever is on the table down. Be aware of these dangers and protect your child.41. The best title of the passage can be ________.A. Better Safe Than SorryC. Escape From FireB. How to Protect Children D. Be Careful in the Kitchen B. one out of five firesD. five out of ten fires 42. Careless smoking or children playing with matches and lighters causes ______. A. most deaths of children C. eight out of ten deaths in firesA. panickingB. not knowing what to doC. trying to hide under a bed or in a closetD. calling for help44. In para graph 2, the word “sound” is closest in meaning to ________.A. healthyC. sensibleB. safe D. thorough B. be prepared D. run away B. prevention D. putting out the fire B. flames D. blaze B. bedclothes D. space heaters 43. A child will probably do the following in a fire EXCEPT ______. 45. The best way to stop panic in the case of fire is to ________. A. call a neighborC. call a policeman A. panic 46. When caught in a fire, a person’s first thought should always be ________. C. escape A. smoke C. fuel 47. The real killer in a fire is _________. 48. Burns can be caused by _______. A. harmful toys C. blankets49. Which statement is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Never leave a young child alone at home.B. Burns can be very dangerous to children.C. Place heaters out of the reach of children.D. Do not work in a kitchen when a child is in it.50. From the passage, we can infer that _______.A. adults know how to handle fires5B. many children start fires in a houseC. some fire fighters are not well trainedD. adults are always very careful about fire.Passage 42. The way that seismic waves travel shows that the earth’s interior is far from uniform. The continents and the seabed are formed by the crust—a thin sphere of relatively light, solid rock. Beneath the crust lies the mantle, a very different layer that extends approximately halfway to the earth’s center. There the rock is the subject of a battle between increasing heat and growing pressure.3. In its high levels, the mantle is relatively cool; at greater depths, high temperatures make the rock behave more like a liquid than a solid. Deeper still, the pressure is even more intense, preventing the rock from melting in spite of a higher temperature.4. Beyond a depth of around 2,900 kilometers, a great change takes place and the mantle gives way to the core. Some seismic waves cannot pass through the core and others are bent by it. From this and other evidence, geologists conclude that the outer core is probably liquid, with a solid center. It is almost certainly made of iron, mixed with smaller amount of other elements such as nickel.5. The conditions in the earth’s core make it a far more alien world than space. Its solid iron heart is subjected to unimaginable pressure and has a temperature of about 9,000° F. Although scientists can speculate about its nature, neither humans nor machines will ever be able to visit it.51. The word “conflicting” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.A. controllingC. importantB. outdated D. opposing B. disagree with each other D. have found enough evidenceB. sound waves D. radio waves6 52. The geologists _________ about the nature of the earth’s interior. A. agree with each other C. are sure 53. Seismic waves are _________ . A. pulses of energy C. electromagnetic waves54. The way that seismic waves travel shows that ________.A. the interior of the earth is rockB. the interior of the earth is divided into different layersC. the interior of the earth is metal55. The word “there” at the end of Paragraph 2 refers to the ________.A. seabedC. mantle B. crustD. earth’s center56. What is true about the mantle?A. It is similar to the crust.B. It is a very thin layer of the earth.C. It is cooler as it goes deeper.57. The phrase “gives way to” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ________.A. runs alongC. turns intoA. mantleC. changeA. liquidC. solid B. rubs againstD. floats on B. core D. depth B. made of iron D. mixed with nickel 58. The word “it” in Paragraph 4 refers to the _________. 59. The inn er core of the earth is NOT __________.60. Why does the author state that the earth’s core is “more alien” than space?A. Because government funds are not interested in the characteristics of the earth’s core.B. Because scientists are not interested in the characteristics of the earth’s core.C. Because the pressure and high temperature there prevent scientists from doing research.D. Because the earth’s core is made of elements that are dangerous to humans.Ⅵ. Directions: Passage 5 is taken from the TEXTBOOK. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer. Write the corresponding letter of the answer on your ANSWER SHEET. (10 points, 1 points for each)Passage 52. If population growth continues at its present pace, the future balance between food 75. Solar energy is available in various forms. Buildings can be heated and cooled by direct use of solar radiation, crops and trees, which are the most efficient converters of sunlight into energy, can be grown for their energy potential, wastes can be burned as fuel, sunlight can be converted into DC (direct current) electricity, electricpower can be derived from the sun-warmed surface waters of the ocean (ocean thermal power), lastly, solar radiation can be converted to heat that will drive electric power generators (solar thermal power). Serious problems still remain as to transportation and storage of solar energy.7. Nuclear energy is produced in nuclear power plants. At these plants atoms of uranium are split, thus releasing masses of energy. Another source of energy under development is the nuclear fusion of certain atoms of hydrogen. This could eventually replace natural gas as a source of energy.8. In future trade the key development to watch is the relationship between the industrialized and the developing nations. Third World countries export their mineral deposits and tropical agricultural products, which bring them desired foreign exchange. Tourism has also been greatly responsible for the rapid development of some developing nations. Western Europe has received millions of such workers from Mediterranean countries.9. The developing nations profit when these workers bring their savings and their acquired technical skills back home. Many developing nations benefit when Western nations establish manufacturing in their countries to take advantage of cheap labor.10. As economies mature, economic growth rates tend to level off. The rate of population growth is leveling off today in Western nations. This leveling-off eventually leads to static The 8Next 200 Years, says that a shift in priorities will have to occur for industrialized nations. No longer is the creation of money and jobs essential, it is rather the improvement of the quality of life that must be our concern. Today pollution is of major concern for industrialized nations. Environmentalists are worried about the relationship between industrial objectives and preserving the environment. In developing nations, however, the problem of pollution is ignored for the sake of development.11. The Western World will eventually move to a period of relatively low economic growth, coupled with a high rate of unemployment. A so-called welfare society will emerge. The unemployed in the new welfare society will be taken care of by the employed through generous contributions to the social welfare system.12. Political questions remain as to the world’s future. We can only speculate as to whether would greatly enhance world trade.61. If population growth continues at its present pace, how can people keep the balance between food demand and supply?A. People should increase the consumption of meat.B. People should increase the consumption of low protein food.C. People should turn to new dietary patterns.D. People should produce more crops.62. Trade growth will depend greatly on ___________.A. energy sourcesB. dietary patternsC. increased consumption of soybeansD. increased yields on existing croplands63. The oil crisis of 1974 caused ___________.A. countries to depend more on oilB. countries to find other energy sources to replace oil64. The problem with solar energy is that _________.9A. sunlight cannot be used directly for heating buildingsB. sunlight cannot be used to drive electric power generatorsC. it is difficult to transport and store solar energyD. it is difficult to convert sunlight into DC electricity65. Geothermal energy has not been exploited because ____________.B. it is not sufficient enoughC. little is known about exploratory technology66. Which of the following is NOT true according to paragraph 8?A. Third World countries export their mineral deposits so as to get foreign exchange.B. Workers in Third World countries emigrate to developed countries.C. Tourism will contribute much to the development of Third World countries.D. Some developing countries will absorb large numbers of foreign workers to work in their countries.67. Industrial nations show great concern for ____________.A. creation of new jobsB. pollution and environmental preservationC. high unemployment and low wagesD. the decreasing economic growth rate68. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 10?A. Western nations are facing economic saturation.B. Developing countries pay much attention to the problem of pollution.C. As economies mature, economic growth rates tend to speed up.D. A welfare society will emerge in developing nations.69. In a welfare society ______________.A. people don’t need to work but can enjoy the welfare provided by their countriesB. more people will be laid off with the rapid growth of the economyC. rate of unemployment is very low due to low economic growthD. people who are out of work will be taken care of economically by their countries70. We can conclude from Paragraphs 12,13 and 14 that _________.B. the future of the international trade will depend on international consultation and cooperationC. there would be monetary cooperation between Western and Eastern European countriesD. future international liquidity reserves would influence growth in trade SECTION 3 QUESTIONS AND TRANSLATION (30 points)attention to the words, grammar and sentence structure in your answers. (15 points, 3 points for each)71. What energies will play a large role in the future?72. Which energy could eventually replace natural gas as a source of energy?What energy is it classified as?73. Why is it the key point in future trade to develop the relationship between the industrialized and the developing nations?74. Herman Kahn says in his book The Next 200 Years that a shift will occur for industrialized nations. What is the shift?75. What will happen if the IMF countries are not able to agree upon a new international monetary order in the future?Ⅷ.Directions: Translate the following sentences (taken from passage 5) in to Chinese and write the Chinese version in the corresponding space on your ANSWER SHEET. (15 points, 3 points for each)76. Reduced consumption of meat, increased used of new high protein food made from soybeans, and development of ocean resources for food are some alternatives that must be considered.78. Many Third World nations with high unemployment and low wages have seen an emigration of workers to the developed nations.79. A point of saturation sets in—technology and innovation have seemed to achieve the impossible, but then how much further can it go ?80. In the present political climate, this would seem impossible, although some cooperation agreements are already in effect.11121314。
浙江省2003年10月高等教育自学考试
中国自考人()——700门自考课程永久免费、完整在线学习快快加入我们吧！浙江省2003年10月高等教育自学考试药用植物学试题课程代码：03037一、单项选择题(在每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确答案，并将正确答案的序号填在题干的括号内。
每小题1分，共20分)1.唇形科的拉丁名是( )。
A.RosaceaebiafaeC.MagnoliaceaeD.Liliaceae2.植物器官通常由( )组成。
A.4个部分B.6个部分C.7个部分D.5个部分3.葡萄的卷须属于( )。
A.叶卷须B.茎卷须C.托叶卷须D.不定根4.隐头花序是( )的特征之一。
A.桑科B.胡桃科C.三白草科D.蓼科5.根茎和块茎为( )。
A.地上茎变态B.地下茎变态C.正常茎变态D.发育不良6.花无花被、单被或重被，花瓣分离，雄蕊与花瓣离生的特征，属于( )的特征。
A.双子叶植物B.单子叶植物C.合瓣花亚纲D.离瓣花亚纲7.花下有一枚干膜质大苞片和两枚小苞片为( )主要特征之一。
A.石竹科B.苋科C.睡莲科D.马兜铃科8.胚珠裸露于心皮上，无真正的果实的植物为( )。
A.双子叶植物B.被子植物C.单子叶植物D.裸子植物9.桂圆和荔枝属于( )。
A.无患子科B.卫矛科C.鼠李科D.冬青科10.次生射线，位于木质部为木射线，位于韧皮部的称为韧皮射线，两者合称为( )。
A.髓射线B.维管射线C.初生射线D.额外射线11.木犀科植物的花很特殊，雄蕊只有( )枚。
A.5B.2C.4D.612.杜鹃花科植物的花药为( )。
A.顶孔开裂B.顶端瓣裂第 1 页C.顶端侧裂D.顶端横裂13.柑果、核果、浆果、瓠果属于( )。
A.单果B.干果C.不裂果D.聚合果14.双悬果为伞形科的特征，其分果有( )条棱。
A.4B.3C.6D.515.龙胆科的子房2心皮组成一室，有( )。
A.3个侧膜胎座B.2个侧膜胎座C.4个侧膜胎座D.1个侧膜胎座16.苔藓植物有配子体和孢子体两种植物，其中孢子体( )于配子体上。
自考法律专业民法学历年试卷附答案
自考法律专业民法学历年试卷附答案全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试民法学试题课程代码：00242一、单项选择题（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1.解除权、追认权、撤销权分别属于（）A.请求权、支配权、抗辩权B.形成权、请求权、抗辩权C.形成权、形成权、形成权D.请求权、请求权、抗辩权2.自然人被宣告死亡和自然死亡的时间不一致的，如果自然人在自然死亡之前实施的民事法律行为与自然人被宣告死亡引起的法律后果相抵触，则以（）A.人民法院的认定为准B.自然人实施的民事法律行为为准C.利害关系人的选择为准D.自然人被宣告死亡引起的法律后果为准3.甲失踪6年，经其妻乙申请，人民法院宣告甲死亡，此后，乙与丙结婚。
3年后，甲返回并向人民法院起诉，要求恢复与乙的婚姻关系，人民法院应该（）A.确认乙与丙的婚姻关系有效B.确认乙与丙的婚姻关系无效C.撤销乙与丙的婚姻关系，确认甲与乙的婚姻关系自行恢复D.要求乙与丙解除婚姻关系4.甲、乙、丙三人合伙开餐馆，甲出门面房折价20万元；乙出资金10万元；丙出技术，为厨师。
三人约定盈余均分，亏损由乙负担。
经营1年后，负债6万元，丁为债权人。
对此债务（）A.甲、乙、丙应按照盈余分配比例对丁各承担2万元B.甲为店主，应由甲全部承担C.甲、乙、丙承担连带责任D.应按约定由乙独自承担6万元5.甲、乙两人签订的租房合同约定：如果甲在外地工作的儿子丙在6个月内不调回北京工作，甲则把自己在北京的一栋房屋出租给乙。
甲、乙两人的行为属于（）A.附肯定延缓条件的民事法律行为B.附否定延缓条件的民事法律行为C.附肯定解除条件的民事法律行为D.附否定解除条件的民事法律行为6.甲的儿子乙学习成绩名列前茅，为进一步提高乙的学习成绩以便乙在即将举行的全国统一高考中考上重点大学，甲特意为乙买了一台笔记本电脑。
03年临床执业医师医学综合笔试部份1试题含答案
2003年临床执业医师资格考试医学综合笔试部份试题含答案报考类别代码：110考试日期：2003年10月25日考试时刻：9：00-11：30考生姓名：_________准考证号：_________卫生部国家医学考试中心答题须知1.考生答题前应先检查试卷封面标示的考试类别和每页页码所标出的考试类别是不是与本人准考证上的报考类别一致。
2.在开始答题前，请再次查对自己在答题卡上填写的姓名、准考证号、报考类别代码、考试单元是不是完整无误。
3.在开始答题前，请考生检查试卷有无缺损、重印、错印，发觉上述情形应当即报告监考员。
4.答题卡上的考生信息和答案的所有信息点，必需利用2B铅笔按答题卡上“注意事项”和“填涂说明”栏中的要求填涂，如需要作修改，应用橡皮将原涂黑的地址擦干净。
“考场记录”一栏由监考员负责填写，考生不得自行填写。
6.答题卡将采纳运算机阅卷，请注意维持答题卡平整、干净。
7.开始考试后半小时内，考生不得交卷出场。
8.考试终止时，请把试卷和答题卡别离翻放在桌上，不得带出考场。
9.监考员验收试卷和答题卡后，经监考员许诺，考生方可退场。
“考场指令”和本“答题须知”，其一切后果由考生本人承担。
第一节A1型选择题(1—44题)答题说明每一道考试题下面有A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案。
请从当选择一个最正确答案，并在答题卡上将相应题号的相应字母所属的方框涂黑。
C.甲硫(蛋)氨酸B. 由Ca1和Ca2组成—3个t1／2后，可大体清除干净5.在免疫应答进程中，巨噬细胞6.用左旋多巴或M受体阻断剂医治震颤麻痹(帕金森病)，不能减缓的病症是7.在神经-骨骼肌接头处，排除乙酰胆碱的酶是酶+-K+依托式ATP酶9.水肿细胞电镜下观看，要紧细胞器的病变是10.《执业医师法》规定对考核不合格的医师，卫生行政部门能够责令其暂停执业活动，并同意培训和继续医学教育。
暂停期限是3个月至个月个月个月个月个月11.我国发生的严峻急性呼吸综合征(SARS)，专门快涉及到许多省市，这种发病情形称为检查17.随着抗生素普遍应用，引发细菌性肺炎的病原体最要紧的转变是C.注意涣散20.腺垂体合成和分泌的促甲状腺激素(TSH)B.直接分泌到甲状腺中，只在甲状腺内发觉26.心肌梗死24小时内并发急性左心衰竭时，最不宜应用27.对干罗音的描述，不正确的选项是28.为将每日代谢所产生的大约600mmol／L的溶质(废物)完全溶解排出，需要的尿量至少是30.以下各项组合中，能准确判定酸中毒性质严峻程度和代偿情形的是35.处置头部创伤时，必需遵循的外科原那么是E.清创术应争取在8小时内进行，一样不得超过24小时36.急性尿潴留病因中，属于机械性阻塞的是C.利用药物阿托品、普鲁苯辛后39.在妊妇腹壁上听诊，与母体心率相一致的音响是周周周周周月以后月以后月以后月以后月以后次／分次／分次／分次／分次／分E.显现惊厥，肌阵挛个月体魄健壮的婴幼儿岁体魄健壮的小儿岁营养状况较差的儿童岁儿童A2型选择题(45—58题)答题说明每一道考题是以一个小案例显现的，其下面都有A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案。
全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试及答案20130827
全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试合同法试题课程代码：00230一、单项选择题（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1.下列协议中不能．．适用合同法的是（D）A.融资合同B.互易合同C.行纪合同D.订婚协议2.订立合同时，下列关于合同主体的陈述正确的是（B）A.当事人必须具有完全民事行为能力B.当事人可以委托代理人签订合同C.签订合同属于不得代理的行为，因此不能由代理人签订D.单位的职能部门可以对外签订担保合同3.免责的债务承担与并存的债务承担的共同之处在于（C）A.原债务人均脱离债的关系B.二者均为要式行为C.原债务人对抗债权人的抗辩，新债务人均可以主张D.原债务人均不脱离债的关系4.下列关于要约失效的陈述，错误．．的是（C）A.甲以信件方式向乙发出要约，要求购买某型号钢材10吨。
乙打电话告知甲，无货可供。
要约失效。
B.甲以信件方式于7月5日向乙发出要约，并确定了一个月的承诺期间。
7月10日该要约到达乙处。
乙于8月6日以信件方式作出承诺，8月9日到达甲处。
要约失效。
C.甲拟以信件方式向乙发出要约，并要求乙必须在一个月内承诺，信件落款时间为7月1日。
但甲迟迟没有发信，直到7月10日才发出信件。
乙于8月4日作出承诺，该信件于8月7日到达甲处。
该承诺生效，因此要约没有失效。
D.甲以信件方式向乙发出要约，要求购买某型号钢材10吨。
乙打电话告知甲，因为市场行情发生变化，要约中确定的价格应当上浮10%。
要约失效。
5.应合同当事人请求，人民法院予以撤销的合同，其法律效力为（C）A.自人民法院决定撤销之日起无效B.自人民法院受理请求时起无效C.自合同成立时起无效D.自该合同所附生效条件成就之日起无效6.刘某欲将其对许某享有的债权转移给王某，该债权附有张某的保证并有其他专属于刘某自身的从权利。
关于这一行为，下列表述正确的是（A）A.刘某转让其债权，应当通知许某B.刘某转让其债权，该债权的有关从权利亦当然转移给王某C.由于债务上有保证存在，因此只有取得保证人张某的同意，该债权转让行为才生效D.在债权转让后，如果刘某事前对许某履行债务不符合约定，许某不能以此为抗辩向王某主张7.甲公司和乙公司订立买卖合同，约定甲公司于8月5日前交货，乙公司于收到货物后10日内付款。
古代汉语
一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1.秦始皇统一中国之初，命李斯将“史籀大篆”略加省改，作为规范文字。
这种规范文字是( )A.甲骨文B.小篆C.秦隶D.古文2.下列句子中加着重号的词使用通假字的是( )A.學而時習之，不亦說乎?B.草木暢茂，禽獸繁殖，五穀不登，禽獸偪人。
C.八月剥棗，十月穫稻。
D.屨大小同，則賈相若。
3.下列各组形声字中，形符均占据一角的一组是( )A.锦、穎、旌、哉B.裁、疆、佞、務C.脩、旗、雖、勝D.徒、都、賴、辫4.“癸酉，師陳于鞌”，“陣”是“陳”的( )A.古字B.今字C.异体字D.简体字5.狭义的异体字是指( )A.读音相同、意义大部分相同、形体一部分相同的字B.意义、形体不同，读音相同的字C.读音、意义完全相同，形体不同的字D.读音相同，形体、意义均完全不同的字6.“衷”、“裹”、“哀”三字的结构类型均属于“六书”中的( )A.象形B.会意C.指事D.形声7.下列各组字中全部为象形字的一组是( )A.月、刃、屰、牛B.及、夕、人、車C.皿、貝、女、犬D.行、燕、大、上8.下列各组字，象形、指事、会意、形声四种结构类型都具备的一组是( )A.日下伐牧B.口虎取梅C.止曰逐逝D.鳥末甦歪9.下列各项两组繁简字，在古汉语中都能够通用的一组是( )A.後——后蟲——虫B.禮——礼棄——弃C.僕——仆穀——谷D.餘——余薑——姜10.下列句子加着重号的词使用文字的是( )A.寡助之至，親戚畔之。
B.無令輿師陷入君地。
C.選賢與能，講信脩睦。
D.距關，毋内諸侯。
11.下列各句中加着重号的词与括号中成语加着重号的词意义不同的是( )A.于是乘其車，揭其劍。
(揭竿而起)B.以臨二周之郊，誅周主之罪。
(口誅筆伐)C.填然鼓之，兵刃既接，棄甲曳兵而走。
(走馬觀花)D.此病後三期當發，遇良醫乃可濟救。
2003年高考语文试题(含解析)全国卷
2003年高考语文试卷(全国卷)一、(18分，每小题3分)1、下列词语中加括号的字的读音完全相同的一是【】A、（宦）官（豢）养（盥）洗（患）得患失风云变（幻）B、（莅）临乖（戾）官（吏）呕心（沥）血不寒而（栗）C、（翌）日对（弈）（肄）业苦心孤（诣）雄关险（隘）D、（羡）慕汗（腺）（霰）弹谄（媚）阿谀借花（献）佛2、下列词语中没有错别字的一组是【】A、部署备受青睐恰如其分可望而不可即B、报道伶牙俐齿群贤毕至一年之计在于春C、揣度共商国是唾手可得冒天下之大不违D、通谍猝不及防大相径庭盛名之下其实难副3、依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最相当的一组是【】①报载孙中山的孙女孙穗芳女士近年多次___北京大学，为推动孙中山研究做出了贡献。
②北京市政府对城市建设布局做出了___，在2008年前将每年增加800万平方米的绿地。
③邓亚萍现在留给大家的印象，____日渐成熟的仪表风度，___依然保留的拼搏精神。
A 莅临计划不仅是/而且是B 莅临规划不是/而是C 亲临规划不仅是/而且是D 亲临计划不是/而是4、下列各句中加括号的成语使用不恰当的一句是【】A、滥挖天山雪莲现象日益猖獗的原因之一是，违法者众多且分布广泛，而管理部门人手不足，因此执法时往往（捉襟见肘）。
B、今年头场雪后城市主干道上都没有发生车辆拥堵现象，在这种秩序井然的背后，包含着交通部门（未雨绸缪）的辛劳。
C、一项社会调查显示，如果丈夫的收入低于妻子，一部分男性难免会感到（自惭形秽），甚至无端地对自己进行心理折磨。
D、老王家的橱柜里摆满了他多年收藏的各种老旧钟表，每当他向慕名来访的参观者介绍这些宝贝时，总是（如数家珍）。
5、下列各句中没有语病的一句是【】A、当时全校不止有一个文学社团，我们的“海风社”是最大的，参加的学生纵跨三个年级，并出版了最漂亮的文学刊物《贝壳》。
B、参加这次探险活动前他已写下遗嘱，万一若在探险中遇到不测，四个子女都能从他的巨额遗产中按月领取固定数额的生活费。
全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试
浙江省2008年1月高等教育自学考试天然药物化学试题课程代码：10119一、单项选择题（本大题共21小题，每小题1分，共21分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1•分离中等极性的酸性化合物，最常选用的分离方法是（）A. 硅胶吸附色谱法C. 纸色谱法2•全部为亲脂性溶剂的是（）A. 正丁醇、乙醚、乙醇C. 乙酸乙酯、乙醇、甲醇3•与水混溶的有机溶剂是（）A. 乙醇C. 正丁醇4. 在浓缩的水提取液中加入一定量乙醇，A. 树胶C. 蛋白质5•苷原子不同时，酸水解的顺序是（A. O-苷>S-苷>C-苷>N-苷C. N-苷>S-苷>0-苷>C-苷6.最易被碱催化水解的苷是（A. 酯苷C.醇苷B. 氧化铝吸附色谱法D. 凝胶过滤法B. 正丁醇、甲醇、乙醚D. 氯仿、乙醚、乙酸乙酯B. 乙醚D. 氯仿不能除去的成分是（）B. 黏液质D. 树脂）B. N-苷>0-苷>S-苷>C-苷D. C-苷>N-苷>0-苷>S-苷）B. 氰苷D.硫苷7. 3 -D-葡萄糖苷的结构式是（R代表苷元）（）10119#天然药物化学试题第1页（共9页）10119#天然药物化学试题第1页（共9页）8.黄酮类化合物早期又称黄碱素，其碱性原子指（）A.1 位O 原子B.4 位酮羰基C.5 位羟基D.B 环苯基9.3, 5, 7-三羟基黄酮（a）、3, 5, 7, 4'-四羟基黄酮（b）和5-羟基-7, 4'-二甲氧基黄5%NaHCO3、5%Na2CO3和5%NaOH 溶液萃取的酮（c）用pH梯度萃取法分离，依次能为是（）A.a、b、cB.b 、a、cC.b、c、aD.c、a、b10.四氢硼酸钠试剂反应是用于鉴别（)A. 二氢黄酮（醇）B. 查耳酮C.黄酮醇D. 花色素11.提取黄酮苷类化合物,常可采用下列方法, 除了（）A. 碱溶酸沉法B. 乙醇提取法C.沸水提取法D. 金属络合沉淀法12.二氢黄酮、二氢黄酮醇类苷元在水中溶解度稍大是因为（）A. 羟基多B. 有羧基C.C 环为平面型D.C 环为非平面型13.具邻位酚羟基黄酮用碱水提取时,保护邻位酚羟基的方法是（）A.加四氢硼钠还原B. 加醋酸铅沉淀C.加硼酸络合D. 加乙醚萃取14.紫外光谱中,主要用于诊断黄酮、黄酮醇类化合物7-OH 的试剂是（）A.NaOMeB.NaOAcC.NaOAc＋NaOMeD.AlCl 315.检测a -去氧糖的试剂是（）A. 醋酐-浓硫酸B. 三氯化铁-冰醋酸C.三氯化锑D. 苦味酸16.下列物质中C/D 环为顺式稠合的是（)A .甾体皂苷 B. 三萜皂苷C.强心苷D. 蜕皮激素17. 进行生物碱沉淀反应的一般介质是（)10119# 天然药物化学试题第3 页（共9 页）10119# 天然药物化学试题 第 4 页（共 9 页）20. 具有隐性酚羟基的生物碱难溶于氢氧化钠溶液的原因是（ C.N 附近吸电子基团的诱导效应 D.N 附近供电子基团的诱导效应 21.氧化苦参碱在水中溶解度大于苦参碱的原因是（ ）A.属季铵碱 B.具有半极性N T O 配位键 C. 相对分子质量大D. 碱性强二、多项选择题 （本大题共 10小题，每小题 1 分，共 10分） 在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
2003年10月管理综合联考数学试题
20200303年10月数学试题一、问题求解.1.某培训班有学员96人，其中男生占全班人数的，女生中有15%是30岁和30岁以上的，则女生中不到30岁的人数是（）.（A ）30人（B ）31人（C ）32人（D ）33人（E ）34人2.某工厂人员由技术人员、行政人员和工人组成，共有男职工420人，是女职工的113倍，其中行政人员占全体职工的20％，技术人员比工人少125，那么该工厂有工人（）.（A ）200人（B ）250人（C ）300人（D ）350人（E ）400人3.已知53352525x x x x −−=++，则实数x 的取值范围是（）.（A ）52x <−或35x ≥（B ）5325x −≤≤（C ）5325x −<≤（D ）3552x −≤≤（E ）以上结论均不正确4.数列{}n a 前项的和为242n S n n =+−，则它的通项公式n a 是（）.（A ）83n −（B ）41n +（C ）82n −（D ）85n −（E ）1,183,2n n a n n =⎧=⎨−≥⎩5.已知某厂生产x 件产品的成本为212500020040C x x =++（元），若产品以每件500元售出，则使利润最大的产量是（）.（A ）2000件（B ）3000件（C ）4000件（D ）5000件（E ）6000件6.甲、乙、丙依次轮流投掷一枚均匀的硬币，若先投出正面者为胜，则甲、乙、丙获胜的概率分别为（）.（A ）111,,333（B ）421,,888（C ）431,,888（D ）421,,777（E ）以上结论均不正确二、条件充分性判断.7.某城区2001年绿地面积较上年增加了20％，人口却负增长，结果人均绿地面积比上年增长了21％.（1）2001年人口较上年下降了8.26‰.（2）2001年人口较上年下降了10‰.8.不等式.2(3)2(3)10k x k x k +−++−<对x 的任意数值都成立.（1）0k =.（2）3k =−.9.2x y x y+=−.（1）3x y =.（2）13x y =.10.数列{}n a 的前k 项和12k a a a +++⋯与随后k 项和122k k k a a a +++++⋯之比与k 无关.（1）21(1,2,)n a n n =−=⋯.（2）2(1,2,)n a n n ==⋯.【参考答案】1-5ECCEE 6-10DABEA。
2003年全国普通高等学校招生全国统一考试物理(广东卷)-推荐下载
P 点射入，＞ .已知此光束由红光和蓝光组成，则当光束透过 b 板后，
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二、本题共 3 小题，共 21 分. 11．（6 分）下图为—正在测量中的多用电表表盘。
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对全部高中资料试卷电气设备，在安装过程中以及安装结束后进行高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料电试力卷保相护互装作置用调与试相技互术通关，1系电过，力管根保线据护敷生高设产中技工资术艺料0不高试仅中卷可资配以料置解试技决卷术吊要是顶求指层，机配对组置电在不气进规设行范备继高进电中行保资空护料载高试与中卷带资问负料题荷试2下卷2，高总而中体且资配可料置保试时障卷，各调需类控要管试在路验最习；大题对限到设度位备内。进来在行确管调保路整机敷使组设其高过在中程正资1常料中工试，况卷要下安加与全强过，看度并22工且22作尽22下可22都能22可地护以缩1关正小于常故管工障路作高高；中中对资资于料料继试试电卷卷保破连护坏接进范管行围口整，处核或理对者高定对中值某资，些料审异试核常卷与高弯校中扁对资度图料固纸试定，卷盒编工位写况置复进.杂行保设自护备动层与处防装理腐置，跨高尤接中其地资要线料避弯试免曲卷错半调误径试高标方中高案资等，料，编试要5写、卷求重电保技要气护术设设装交备备置底4高调、动。中试电作管资高气，线料中课并敷3试资件且、设卷料中拒管技试试调绝路术验卷试动敷中方技作设包案术，技含以来术线及避槽系免、统不管启必架动要等方高多案中项；资方对料式整试，套卷为启突解动然决过停高程机中中。语高因文中此电资，气料电课试力件卷高中电中管气资壁设料薄备试、进卷接行保口调护不试装严工置等作调问并试题且技，进术合行，理过要利关求用运电管行力线高保敷中护设资装技料置术试做。卷到线技准缆术确敷指灵设导活原。。则对对：于于在调差分试动线过保盒程护处中装，高置当中高不资中同料资电试料压卷试回技卷路术调交问试叉题技时，术，作是应为指采调发用试电金人机属员一隔，变板需压进要器行在组隔事在开前发处掌生理握内；图部同纸故一资障线料时槽、，内设需，备要强制进电造行回厂外路家部须出电同具源时高高切中中断资资习料料题试试电卷卷源试切，验除线报从缆告而敷与采设相用完关高毕技中，术资要资料进料试行，卷检并主查且要和了保检解护测现装处场置理设。备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况，然后根据规范与规程规定，制定设备调试高中资料试卷方案。
外国文学作品选00534_全国高等教育自学考试历年试卷和答案
全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试外国文学作品选试题课程代码：00534一、单项选择题（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1．《伊利亚特》通过一个发生在特洛亚战争期间的故事，全面地反映了（）A．从原始公社制向奴隶制过渡时期希腊的社会生活B．奴隶制繁荣时期希腊的社会生活C．从奴隶制向封建制过渡时期希腊的社会生活D．封建制时代希腊的社会生活2．恩格斯所说的“中世纪的最后一位诗人，同时又是新时代的最初一位诗人”指的是（）A．莎士比亚B．歌德C．但丁D．索福克勒斯3．《十月谈》“第四天故事第一”中那个因爱情而遭受迫害最后以自尽方式进行反抗的人物是（）A．纪斯卡多B．唐克烈C．绮思梦达D．加布亚公爵的儿子4．“在我的心中啊，盘踞着两种精神，这一个想和那一个离分！一个沉溺在强烈的爱欲当中，以固执的官能贴紧凡尘；一个则强要脱离尘世，飞向崇高的先人的灵境。
”用这种语言深刻剖析自己性格内在矛盾的人物是（）A．哈姆莱特B．浮士德C．俄狄浦斯D．恰尔德·哈洛尔德5．华兹华斯的“诗人遇见这快乐的伙伴，又怎能不感到欣喜雀跃”的诗句，表达的思想情怀是（）A．对工业文明到来的由衷欣喜之情B．对大自然无比热爱的真挚情感C．对法国大革命的热情肯定与赞美D．对浪漫主义诗风兴起的讴歌与礼赞6．鲁迅所说的“如狂涛如厉风，举一切伪饰陋习，悉于荡涤……不克厥敌，战则不止”的英国诗人是（）A．雪莱B．华兹华斯C．拜伦D．柯勒律治7．惠特曼在《斧头之歌》的结尾称“主要的形象出现了……这是若干世纪所造成的结果”。
这个“主要形象”指的是（）A．民主的形象B．平等的形象C．劳动者的形象D．战斗者的形象8．《红与黑》第三十章中描写于连再次征服德·雷纳尔夫人的过程，实际是他（）A．战胜自己怯懦心理的过程B．收敛自己野心的过程C．躲开是非漩涡的过程D．战胜对方傲慢心理的过程9．英国作家狄更斯的小说《双城记》第十章“阴影的实质”中描写的法庭审判，发生在（）A．伦敦B．罗马C．巴黎D．佛罗伦萨10．《国际歌》第三节的前两句是“从来就没有什么救世主，也没有上帝、凯撒和护民官”，紧接着的两句是（）A．“世界就要根本改变面貌，一无所有者要做天下的主人！”B．“劳动者，起来自己救自己！我们要创建人类的共同幸福。
全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试外国文学史试题及答案
全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试外国文学史试题一、单项选择题（本大题共24小题，每小题1分，共24分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1．在古希腊神话中，爱神的名字是（C）A．雅曲娜B．维纳斯C．阿弗洛狄忒D．阿耳忒弥斯2．《奥德修纪》突出的主题是（B）A．和平B．冒险精神C．宗教D．来世思想3．《列那狐传奇》中的列那狐是（A）A．市民的典型B．无产阶级的典型C．封建贵族的典型D．神职人员的典型4．但丁将《新生》献给了他钟爱的少女，这个少女是（A）A．贝亚特丽齐B．圣母玛丽亚C．劳拉D．玛甘泪5．《伪君子》中聪明伶俐的女仆是（C）A．欧米尔B．柏奈尔C．道丽娜D．玛丽娅娜6．塞万提斯的代表作是（C）A．《小癞子》B．《汤姆·琼斯》C．《堂·吉诃德》D．《巨人传》7．歌德的诗剧《浮士德》的基本情节是（C）A．两幕序曲，一个赌赛，半生追求，一生悲剧B．两幕序曲，一个赌赛，终生追求，五幕喜剧C．一幕序曲，两个赌赛，终生追求，五幕悲剧D．一幕序曲，两个赌赛，半生追求，一生喜剧8．开俄国文学描写小人物命运之先河的作品是（C）A．《上尉的女儿》B．《穷人》C．《驿站长》D．《外套》9．美国最早提倡现实主义文学的作家是（D）A．马克·吐温B．杰克·伦敦C．德莱塞D．威廉·豪威尔斯10．欧仁·鲍狄埃的《国际歌》完成的时间是（D）A．巴黎公社成立前B．巴黎公社成立时C．巴黎公社起义时D．巴黎公社失败后11．首次使用“多余人”论述当时俄国文学民族性的作家是（B）A．莱蒙托夫B．赫尔岑C．屠格涅夫D．普希金12．《玩偶之家》中娜拉出走的原因是（D）A．逃避柯洛克斯泰以“冒名借债”之事对她的要挟B．保全丈夫的名誉，自己承担“冒名借债”的责任C．逃避“冒名借债”的责任，让丈夫“挑起那副担子”D．看穿了丈夫的伪善，认清了自己的处境13．《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》中塑造的一个不屈从命运的黑奴形象是（B）A．汤姆B．吉姆C．哈克D．道格拉斯14．被评论界视为“迷惘的一代”宣言书的长篇小说是（C）A．《永别了，武器》B．《丧钟为谁而鸣》C．《太阳照样升起》D．《乞力马扎罗的雪》15．高尔基晚年创作中被称为“俄罗斯精神生活的编年史”的作品是（D）A．《阿尔达莫诺夫家的事业》B．《母亲》C．《夏天》D．《克里姆·萨姆金的一生》16．《荒原》的作者是（A）A．T·S·艾略特B．庞德C．叶芝D．马雅可夫斯基17．卡夫卡《变形记》中的主人公是（D）A．K B．约瑟夫·KC．卡尔·罗斯曼D．格里高尔18．萨特的成名作《恶心》采用的是（A）A．日记体、自叙体B．自传体、书信体C．诗体、游记体D．自叙体、演说体19．被誉为“在拉丁美洲引起了一场文学地震”的作品是（D）A．《总统先生》B．《佩德罗·帕拉莫》C．《家长的没落》D．《百年孤独》20．古巴比伦文学的最高成就是（C）A．《伊利亚特》B．《罗摩衍那》C．《吉尔伽美什》D．《罗兰之歌》21．日本古典文学发展到高峰的标志是（B）A．《万叶集》B．《源氏物语》C．《日本永代藏》D．《古事记》22．波斯文学“诗歌之父”指的是（A）A．鲁达基B．菲尔多西C．内扎米D．海亚姆23．印度近代大诗人泰戈尔长篇小说的代表作是（A）A．《戈拉》和《沉船》B．《戈拉》和《戈丹》C．《戈拉》和《喀布尔人》D．《戈拉》和《摩诃摩耶》24．马哈福兹的代表作《宫间街》、《思宫街》、《甘露街》三部曲是（A）A．埃及第一部广泛反映一个时代伟大风貌的现实主义作品B．埃及第一部广泛反映一个时代伟大风貌的现代主义作品C．伊朗第一部广泛反映一个时代伟大风貌的现代主义作品D．伊朗第一部广泛反映一个时代伟大风貌的现实主义作品二、多项选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）在每小题列出的五个备选项中有二个至五个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
2003年10月TOEFL(托福)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2003年10月TOEFL（托福）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Listening Comprehension 2. Structure & Written Expression 3. Reading ComprehensionSection One：Listening Comprehension1．A．She is younger than her sister.B．she does not spend much time with her sister’s children.C．she does not get along well with her sisterD．she no longer resembles her sister.正确答案：D解析：M: Oh, so, it was your sister you were walking with yesterday. You don’t really look very much alike. W: No, we did when we were kids, but not anymore.What does the woman mean?2．A．Paper plates are cheaper than dishes.B．Dishes break more easily than paper plates.C．There is no need to wash any dishes now.D．The woman’s roommate will return soon.正确答案：C解析：W: I can’t believe my roommate still hasn’t washed the dishes. There is not a clean dish left for us to use.M: Don’t worry about it. Paper plates are fine.What does the man mean?3．A．She has not applied to any universities yet,B．She will begin university classes in a few weeks.C．She does not know yet if a university will accept her.D．She is too busy to contact the university right now.正确答案：C解析：M: I hear you applied for several universities. Have you got accepted anywhere? W: I haven’t heard anything yet. But I should know something within the next few weeks.What does the woman mean?4．A．Reconsider his position laterB．Allow the student to miss classC．Lower the student’s gradeD．Suggest that the student try to reschedule the operation正确答案：B解析：W: Prof, I know your course has no absence policy. But I have to have foot surgery next Friday and can’t be here. M: Medical excuses are one of the few exceptions I make. What will the Prof probably do?5．A．He does not have enough money for the trip yet.B．He is planning to work during spring break.C．The trip is too far off in the future to think about.D．He has changed his mind about going to Canada.正确答案：A解析：W: By working through spring break, I managed to save up the 500$ for the trip to Canada this summer. How are you coming along?M: I’m still a way’s off.What does the man mean?6．A．The photograph is not good enough to send.B．The photograph was not taken at the Grand Canyon.C．They already sent Mary a photograph of their vacation.D．Sending pictures through the mail is too expensive.正确答案：A解析：M: I am just writing Marry about our vacation. Why don’t I enclose this picture of us in front of the Grand Canyon?W: Don’t you think it’s a little out focus?What does the woman imply?7．A．She should have asked to be excused from the trip.B．She deserves the zero.C．She is right to be angry.D．She should have gone on the field trip.正确答案：C解析：W: Oh, I am so angry. My biology Prof would not even let me try to explain why I missed the field trip. He just gave me a zero. M: That is not seemed fair.I would feel that way too if I were you.What does the man imply about the woman.8．A．He wants to live off campus.B．There are advantages and disadvantages to living off campus.C．Living space in the dorm is crowded.D．There are only a few apartments available off campus.正确答案：B解析：W: Have you guys decided whether you are going to get an apartment off campus next year or are you staying in the dorm?M: We are still talking about the pros and cons. I don’t know. To me it seems like six of one and half of dozen of the other.What does the man mean?9．A．Turn down the volume of the musicB．Turn the music offC．Play a different style of music.D．Listen to music in a different room,正确答案：C解析：W: What is that you are listening to? That beat’s so strong I can’t concentrate on my work.M: No problem. I can switch over to something lighter.What will the man probably do?10．A．It took a long time to finish the building.B．He was too busy to notice the opening of the hotel.C．He did not know the hotel had a restaurant.D．He would like to meet the woman for brunch next Sunday.正确答案：B解析：W: We had a delicious Sunday brunch at that new hotel downtown. You should try it sometime.M: I didn’t even know the building was finished. Shows how much I’ve been working lately.What does the man imply?11．A．Go to her class.B．Cancel her appointment with the president.C．Ask her professor to excuse her from class.D．Attend the presentation.正确答案：D解析：M: Hey, aren’t you going to the present’s presentation this morning. all class has been canceled so that everyone can come.W: Oh really? So much for my excuse I guess I have to join you then.What will the woman probably do?12．A．She admires Steve’s relationship with his father.B．She does not know Steve or his father.C．Her daughter is older than Steve.D．She disagrees with the man.正确答案：A解析：M: What a relationship Steven and his father have!W: Don’t they? I only hope my daughter and I can get along like that when she’s Steven’s age.What can be inferred about the woman?13．A．He has heard the new CD.B．He does not enjoy classical music.C．He is not interested in the CD.D．He rarely listens to music.正确答案：C解析：W: I just love this new CD. Have you heard it?M: I really don’t listen to popular music. I prefer classical.What does the man mean?14．A．Buy tickets for the next showing.B．Leave the theaterC．Change their seats for a better viewD．Ask the couple in front of them to be quiet正确答案：B解析：W: Sorry Sam, I just hate these kinds of movies. They always give me bad dreams. M: I agree, let’s go and see if we can get refund at the front window.What will the speakers probably do next?15．A．The library closes earlier during the summer.B．The library is closed during summer vacation.C．The library will be open until midnight tonight.D．She does not usually go to the library during the summer.正确答案：A解析：M: I thought the libraries stay open till midnight during the week.W: Well, their hours are shorter during the summer.What does the woman mean?16．A．She is sorry the man has to cancel the plansB．She wants to hand in her report early.C．She would like to go with the man.D．she does not usually enjoy the symphony.正确答案：C解析：M: I thought you’ve finished your report. So I got tickets for the symphony tonight.W: Well, it’s not done. But it’s not due till next week.What can be inferred about the woman?17．A．He has other plans for the eveningB．He is looking forward to attending the party.C．He often misses Linda’s parties.D．he wants to know if he should bring anything to the party.正确答案：B解析：W: Are you going to Linda’s party tonight?M: Are you kidding? I wouldn’t miss it for anything/What does the man mean?18．A．There is just about enough time to do the jobB．The desk has never been so orderly.C．The clock on the desk needs to be set.D．The desk really needs organizing.正确答案：D解析：M: I am going to straighten up my desk now.W: It’s about time.What does the woman mean?19．A．He enjoys looking at the flowers.B．He thinks the park is boring.C．He does not like walking with the woman.D．He does not see any trees.正确答案：A解析：W: I just love walking through this park. The tree is gorgeous.M: The trees? What about these wild flowers?What does the man mean?20．A．There are not very many hotels in the area.B．She stayed at the Clover Inn last month.C．She is not sure the man’s parents would like the Clover Inn.D．It may be too late to get a room at the Clover Inn.正确答案：D解析：M: My parents need a place to stay when they come to town next week. Do you have any suggestions?W: I’d like to recommend the Clover Inn to visitors. But unlike the other places in town, they are usually filled months in advance.What does the woman imply?21．A．Wait until later to eatB．Go to the cafeteria without herC．Bring her some food from the cafeteriaD．Meet her at the cafeteria正确答案：B解析：M: I am going to the cafeteria to grab a bite to eat. Want to come along?W: You go ahead. I am not really all that hungry.What does the woman suggest the man do?22．A．He has to work with his brother.B．He has no definite plans.C．He usually works on weekends.D．His plants depend on the woman.正确答案：B解析：W: Thank heaven it’s Friday. Are you doing anything special this weekend?M: Good question. To tell you the truth, my brother might be coming over and so everything is up in the air right now.What does the man mean?23．A．Buy stamps at the post officeB．Mail the woman’s billC．Drive to the woman’s houseD．Pick up a package from the post office正确答案：B解析：W: By the way, thank so much for offering to mail my bills this morning. I just didn’t have time to get over to the post office.M: Oh, my gosh. I am really sorry. I’ll go drop them in the box right now. What will the man probably do next?24．A．The woman should call Bill to check his schedule.B．The woman should have left for the airport earlier.C．The woman does not need to rush to meet Bill.D．Traffic near the airport could delay the woman’s arrival.正确答案：C解析：W: I’ve got the leave for the airport right away. Bill’s plane is due in an hour.M: Judging by the weather outside, I doubt that the plane will land on schedule.What does the man imply?25．A．She did better on the quiz than the man did.B．She did not have to take the quiz.C．She has not yet received her grade on the quiz.D．She did not do well on the quiz.正确答案：D解析：M: How did you do on the math quiz?W: Well, I am lucky that only counts for a small portion of our final grade for the course.What can be inferred about the woman?26．A．He will be happy to share their dessertB．He did not know what time he was supposed to arrive.C．He expected the traffic to be bad.D．He is not upset that they ate lunch.正确答案：D解析：W: Oh, hi, I hate to tell you but we’re done with lunch and dessert is on its way. We decided you weren’t going to show up. M: I can understand that. I’ve never seen such traffic. I am glad you didn’t wait. What did the man mean?27．A．She has to quit her job in the laboratory.B．She cut herself while working in the laboratory.C．She enjoys doing laboratory experiments.D．She feels that the man is dedicated to his work too.正确答案：C解析：M: I admire your dedication. I could never finish that long laboratory experiment by myself.W: I fell that I am cut out for that kind of work.What does the woman mean?28．A．Ask for directionsB．Try a different route to the beachC．Go back for the mapD．Cancel their trip正确答案：B解析：M1: Oho, I think we left that road map at home. Do you know how to get to the beach?M2: No, I didn’t. But since we haven’t gone very far, we might as well just turn around.What will the speakers probably do?29．A．He would like the woman to reschedule the meeting.B．He will meet the woman briefly on FridayC．The report will not be ready until Thursday.D．The report was finished last Friday.正确答案：A解析：W: I tentatively scheduled to meeting for Thursday to go over your inventory report. Assuming you can meet that deadline.M: Well, to be honest, even Friday might be pushing it a little. What does the man imply?30．A．Find out when the bookstore opensB．Withdraw some cashC．Inquire about a jobD．Spend her extra money on books正确答案：C解析：W: I need to bring in a little money. I wonder there are any openings at the bookstore.M: It’s worth going and asking.What does the man suggest the woman do?听力原文：W: Dr Manning, do you have a few minuets. I’d like to ask you about this fossil I found. M: Sure Jon. What have you got there?W: Well, it’s some kind of shellfish. I thought is might be a brachiopod, but I am not sure. I found it when I went out hiking last weekend.M: I think you might be right. It certainly appears to be a brachiopod. But it’s easy to confuse them with the bivalve mollusks. Superficially they resemble one another. Both have two shells for example.W: How can you tell them apart then?M: Well, there are some minor differences in the shell. A lot of brachiopods have ridge shells like this one. There are other distinctions of course. Internally they are quite different. Mollusks and brachiopods belong to different animal groups, and they have been in competition with one another millions of years ago. W: How old do you think this one is?M: It’s hard to tell. The earliest brachiopods were from the Paleozoic era, 300 to 500 million years ago. They were quite successful then in terms of number of species. It’s not out of the question that your fossil could be that old. W: Wow, that’s amazing. Kind of makes paleontology seem more interesting when you can hold it in your hand.M: You know that gives me an idea. Would you mind bring this to our next class? The others might find it interestingtoo.W: Well, I could. But if you don’t already have one in your collection, I thought you might as well keep it.M: That’s very kind of you.31．A．Ways to determine the age ora fossilB．The identity of a fossil the woman foundC．A comparison of two shellfish fossilsD．Plans for a field trip to look for fossils正确答案：B解析：What are the speakers mainly discussing?32．A．The class is going to study them.B．They evolved from brachiopods.C．They are similar to brachiopods in appearance.D．They belong to the same species as brachiopods.正确答案：C解析：Why does the professor mention bivalve mollusks?33．A．It has a ribbed shell.B．It has an unusually large valve.C．It was found near the water.D．It is smaller than a mollusc.正确答案：A解析：Why does the professor think the fossil might be a brachiopod?34．A．He has never seen a fossil that old.B．It could be many millions of years old.C．It is probably a recent specimen.D．He will ask the lab how old it is.正确答案：B解析：What does the professor say about the age of the fossil?35．A．Take it to classB．Put it in her collectionC．Take it to the labD．Leave it with her professor正确答案：D解析：What does the woman want to do with the fossil?听力原文：M: I am so relieved I just finished the story I was working on for our creative writing course.W: I haven’t quite finished mine yet. I had trouble getting pass the beginning.M: How come?W: Well, I was really happy to be writing a detective story. But after the first few pages, I sort of froze up mentally. I just couldn’t write any more.M: The same thing happened to me. I thought it meant I lack imagination. W: Well, Prof Wilson said it’s pretty common for writers to get stuck like tat.M: You went to talk to her about it?W: Actually, I went to ask for more time to finish the assignment. But instead she gave me some advise about how to keep from getting stalled writing like that. She said that the first thing I should do is just write anything that come into my head even if it doesn’t make any sense, sort of burble warm up exercise.M: That is interesting. When I got stuck, I shift to something else, you know, do some work for one of my other courses.W: Well, her methods seem have worked for me. I’ve written most of the story, and I should be able to hand it in on time. But first I need go to the jewelry store. M: You are going shopping? Can’t you wait until you finish your story? W: I am going there for my store. My detective solves a jewelry store robbery. So I want to take a look at how the jewelry cases are arranged, where the security cameras are located, that sort of thing.36．A．A jewelry store robberyB．Buying a birthday presentC．Writing a stowD．Doing research for a class assignment正确答案：C解析：What is the conversation mainly about?37．A．Her professor did not like her stow.B．She had trouble finishing her assignmentC．she did not like the topic she had chosen for her paper.D．She was taking too many courses.正确答案：B解析：What was the woman’s problem?38．A．Take some extra timeB．Do a writing exerciseC．Do some work for another courseD．Write the story ending first解析：What did the professor tell the woman to do?39．A．To go shoppingB．To do research for her stowC．To meet with her professorD．To take a break from her work正确答案：B解析：Why is the woman going out?听力原文：Today, we are going to talk about a special way some plants respond to being invaded by pests. The plants react by emitting a chemical signal, which acts like a call for help. Let’s take corn plants for example. Sometimes, caterpillars chew on the corn leaves. When the caterpillar saliva mixes with the chew portion of a leave, the plant releases a chemical scream that attracts wasps. The wasps respond to the signal by flying to the chewed on leave, and laying their eggs on the caterpillars. The caterpillars die in the next few days as the wasp offspring nourish themselves by feeding of them. Thus the corn plant prevents all its leaves from being eaten by the caterpillars. This chemical scream is specific. It’s only released after the plant has detected the caterpillar saliva. A plant that is cut by in the other means does not give off the same signal, nor doesn’t undamaged plants. This also explains how a wasp can find a caterpillar in a huge field of corn. Soybean, cotton and probably many other plants use similar type of defense against pests. By enhancing this natural response in plants, researchers might reduce, some day even eliminate, the need for chemical pesticide, which can cause ecological damage. For example, scientists might breed plants for this screaming trait, or they might transplant specific genes to increase the release of the chemical signals.40．A．To describe ways pests can damage plantsB．To examine the life cycle of caterpillarsC．To explain how com plants developD．To describe how a natural pesticide works正确答案：D解析：What’s the main purpose of the talk?41．A．Caterpillars chewing on its leavesB．Wasps laying eggs on its leavesC．Pesticides sprayed on its leavesD．Knives cutting its stalk解析：What causes the corn plant to emit the chemical signal?42．A．By flying in circles around a fieldB．By detecting a chemical signalC．By inspecting individual corn leavesD．By noticing the caterpillar’s coloration正确答案：B解析：How can a wasp find a caterpillar on a corn plant?听力原文：Today, we are going to continue our discussion of Buddhism. In our last class, we talked about how it practiced. Today, I’d like to talk a little about early Buddhism, which we really don’t know much about. Well, what is known is that the teachings of Buddhism were memorized, and passed on orally for centuries by its followers. Recently, there was an important discovery of Buddhist manuscripts that are believed to be the oldest ever found. They may be 2,100 years old. And there maybe as many as 20 of them. It’s expected that we will be able to learn from them about the spread of Buddhism from present day India into China, and throughout Asia. But the scrolls themselves have presented challenge too. They were very fragile, found rolled up in clay pots. Before they even could be looked at, they need to be dampened over night in fact, and then carefully flattened with tweezers. And it’s not that anybody could just sit down and read them. The scrolls were written in a language that is really rare today. Only a few people are proficient at it. Considering these challenges, it’s easy to understand why it takes scholars so long to examine the scrolls.43．A．Recently discovered manuscriptsB．Similarities among religionsC．Methods of analyzing ancient manuscriptsD．How ancient manuscripts are preserved正确答案：A解析：What is the main topic of the talk?44．A．The simplicity of their languageB．Their ageC．The location of their discoveryD．The material they are made of正确答案：B解析：According to the speaker, what’s one aspect of the manuscript that is verysignificant?45．A．Orally preserved teachingsB．A collection of lettersC．A diaryD．A scholarly article正确答案：A解析：What was an early source of information about Buddhism?46．A．Ancient settlers in AsiaB．How Buddhism is practiced todayC．The spread of Buddhism in AsiaD．Why some languages disappear正确答案：C解析：What do scholars expect to learn about from the manuscripts?47．A．The language they are written in is not widely known.B．They cannot be moved from where they were foundC．The writing in them has fadedD．Many people want credit for the discovery.正确答案：A解析：What has made it difficult to study the manuscripts?听力原文：About 200 years ago, the United States economy was growing quickly, mainly because a booming trade in grain and cotton. This trade is grain and cotton went on near areas near or at the cost, or near navigable rivers. It took place there because it was so expensive to transport goods over the roads that existed. They were muddy, narrow, and hard to travel on. At that time, don’t forget there was only one continuous road that existed in the US, and it was made up of north to south local country roads, linked together to get one long road. Within a short time, the first east-to-west roads were built. They were called turnpikes. Private companies built these roads, and collected fees from all vehicles traveled on them. Eventually, a network of dirt, gravel or plank roadways connected some major cities and towns. But even these turnpike roads were still very slow, and traveling on them was too costly for farmers. They would spend more money to move their crops than they got by selling them. So, we see that even with some major improvement in roadways, farmers still had to rely on rivers to move their crops to markets.48．A．The advantages of an economy based on farmingB．Reasons farmers continued using river transpertationC．The role of cotton in the United States economyD．Improved methods of transporting farm crops正确答案：B解析：What’s the talk mainly about?49．A．The new technology used to build roadsB．The ability to transport goods over landC．The trade in grain and cottonD．The linking of smaller local roads into one long road正确答案：C解析：According to the professor, what cause the growth of the US economy about 200 years ago?50．A．Reduced charges for transporting farm productsB．Required payment from vehicles that used their roadsC．Made repairs to older roadsD．Installed streetlights on roads connecting major cities正确答案：D解析：According to the professor, what did private companies do after they built new roads?Sections Two：Structure & Written Expression51．The musical comedy Oklahoma! did much to expand the potential of the musical stage, and it encouraged others to attempt ______A．original themesB．to original themesC．that were original themesD．how original themes正确答案：A52．Despite its fishlike form, the whale is ______ and will drown if submerged too long.A．an animal breathes air thatB．an animal that breathes airC．an animal breathes airD．that an animal breathes air正确答案：B53．The saguaro, found in desert regions in the southwestern United States,______cactus in the world.A．is the largestB．the largestC．that is the largestD．the largest that is a正确答案：A54．It is said that United Stales literature ______ individuality and identity in the twentieth century, after long imitation of European models.A．was achievedB．achievedC．to achieveD．achieving正确答案：B55．Lucy Stone, ______ first feminists in the United States, helped organize the American Woman Suffrage Association in 186A．the oneB．who was theC．anotherD．one of the正确答案：D56．______.. including climate, mineral content, and the permanency of surface water, wetlands may be mossy ,grassy, scrubby, or wooded.A．Depending on many factorsB．Many factors depending onC．Factors depending on manyD．On many factors depending正确答案：A57．Duke Ellington’s orchestra,______ his own often complex compositions, made many innovations in jazz.A．he playedB．playingC．that it playedD．was playing正确答案：B58．The term “ice age” refers to any of several periods of time when glaciers covered considerably more of Earth’s surface______A．as is todayB．than today isC．than they do todayD．that today正确答案：C59．From colonial times, United States property owners agreed to tax themselves on the theory ______ directly from services that the government could provide.A．property owners benefited so thatB．why property owners benefitedC．that if property owners benefitedD．that property owners benefited正确答案：D60．Helium is not flammable and, next to hydrogen, is ______A．known the lightest gasB．lightest the known gasC．the lightest gas knownD．the known gas lightest正确答案：C61．Wild eagles that survive to adulthood are believed ______ from 20 to 30 years.A．liveB．to liveC．they liveD．their living正确答案：B62．Portland, ______. ,is located primarily on two hilly peninsulas overlooking Casco Bay and its many island.A．which Maine’s largest cityB．Maine’s largest city whereC．is Maine’s largest cityD．Maine’s largest city正确答案：D63．______. widely used in the chemical industry, sodium carbonate is principally consumed by the glass industry.A．DespiteB．WhetherC．ThoughD．Except for正确答案：C64．Cells,first identified by the early microscopists, began to be considered______in the nineteenth century.A．them as microcosm of living organismsB．the microcosm of living organismsC．the microcosm of living organisms to beD．as which, the microcosm of living organisms正确答案：B65．Like Jupiter, Saturn is a large ,gaseous planet composed______of hydrogen and helium.A．it is mostlyB．mostlyC．almostD．both are almost正确答案：BSections Three：Reading ComprehensionEuropa is the smallest of planet Jupiter’s four largest moons and the second moon out from Jupiter. Until 1979, it was just another astronomy textbook statistic. Then came the close-up images obtained by the exploratory spacecraft V oyager 2, and within days, Europa was transformed-in our perception, at least-into one of the solar system’s (5) most intriguing worlds. The biggest initial surprise was the almost total lack of detail, especially from far away. Even at close range, the only visible features are thin, kinked brown lines resembling cracks in an eggshell. And this analogy is not far off the mark.The surface of Europa is almost pure water ice, but a nearly complete absence of craters indicates that Europa’s surface ice resembles Earth’s Antarctic ice cap. The(10)eggshell analogy may be quite accurate since the ice could be as little as a few kilometers thick –a true shell around what is likely a subsurface liquid ocean that , in turn, encases a rocky core. The interior of Europa has been kept warm over the eons by tidal forces generated by the varying gravitational tugs of the other big moons as they wheel around Jupiter. The tides on Europa pull and relax in an endless cycle. The resulting internal heat (15)keeps what would otherwise be ice melted almost to the surface. The cracklike marks on Europa’s icy face appear to be fractures where water or slush oozes from below. Soon after V oyager 2’s encounter with Jupiter in 1979, when the best images of Europa were obtained, researchers advanced the startling idea that Europa’s subsurface ocean might harbor life. Life processes could have begun when Jupiter was releasing a(20)vast store of internal heat. Jupiter’s early heat was produced by the compression of the material forming the giant planet. Just as the Sun is far less radiant today than the primal Sun, so the internal heat generated by Jupiter is minor compared to its former intensity. During this warm phase, some 4.6 billion years ago, Europa’s ocean may have been liquid right to the surface, making it a crucible for life.66．What does the passage mainly discuss?A．The effect of the tides on Europa’s interiorB．Temperature variations on Jupiter’s moonsC．Discoveries leading to a theory about one of Jupiter’s moonsD．Techniques used by V oyager 2 to obtain close-up images.正确答案：C67．The word “intriguing”in line 5 is closest in meaning toA．changingB．perfectC．visibleD．fascinating正确答案：D68．In line 7, the another mentions “cracks in an eggshell”in order to help readersA．visualize Europa as scientists saw it in the V oyager 2 imagesB．appreciate the extensive and detailed information available by viewing Europa from far awayC．understand the relationship of Europa to the solar systemD．recognize the similarity of Europa to Jupiter’s other moons正确答案：A。
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10028# 数学史试题 第 1 页 共2页
2003年10月高等教育自学考试
数学史试题
课程代码：10028
一、单项选择题(在每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确答案，并将正确答案的序号填在
题干的括号内。
每小题2分，共20分)
1.美索不达米亚是最早采用位值制记数的民族，他们主要用的是( )。
A.六十进制
B.十进制
C.五进制
D.二十进制
2.发现不可公度量的是( )。
A.爱奥尼亚学派
B.毕达哥拉斯学派
C.诡辩学派
D.伊利亚学派
3.“一尺之棰，日取其半，万世不竭”出自我国古代名著( )。
A.《考工记》
B.《墨经》
C.《史记》
D.《庄子》
4.下列数学著作中不属于“算经十书”的是( )。
A.《数书九章》
B.《五经算术》
C.《缀术》
D.《缉古算经》
5.印度一位数学家在其著作《肯德卡迪亚格》中，利用二次插值法构造了间隔为15度的正弦函数表，这位数学家是( )。
A.阿耶波多
B.婆罗摩笈多
C.马哈维拉
D.婆什迦罗
6.对数方法的发明者是数学家( )。
A.拉普拉斯
B.布里格斯
C.纳皮尔
D.帕斯卡
7.微积分诞生于( )。
A.15世纪
B.16世纪
C.17世纪
D.18世纪
8.最先建立“非欧几何”理论的数学家是( )。
A.高斯
B.罗巴契夫斯基
C.波约
D.黎曼
9.最先将导数定义为差商h x ,h
)x (f )h x (f x y =∆-+=∆∆当h 无限趋于零时的极限的数学家是( )。
A.高斯
B.欧拉
C.魏尔斯特拉斯
D.柯西
10.2002年国际数学家大会的举办城市是( )。
A.东京
B.北京
C.纽约
D.悉尼
二、填空题（每空1分，共20分）
1.在代数和几何这两大传统的数学领域，古代埃及的数学成就主要在______方面，特别是在______计算中达到了很高的水平。
2.古希腊亚历山大时期的数学家______在前人工作的基础上创立了相当完美的圆锥曲线理论，其著作《______》代表了希腊演绎几何的最高成就。
3.中国历史上最早叙述勾股定理的著作是《______》，中国历史上最早完成勾股定理证明的数学家是三国时期的______。
4.阿拉伯数学家花拉子米的《还原与对消计算概要》第一次给出了方程的一般解法，并用______方法对这一解法给出了证明。
5.数学符号系统化首先归功于法国数学家______，他在《_____》中第一次有意识地使用系统的代数字母和符号。
6.在微积分方法正式发明之前，许多数学家的工作已经显示着微积分的萌芽，如开普勒的旋转体体积计算、巴罗的______以及沃利斯的等。
7.代数基本定理最早是由荷兰数学家吉拉尔于______世纪提出的，但其第一个实质性的证明却是数学家______给出的。
8.罗巴契夫斯基所建立的“非欧几何”假定过直线外一点，______直线与已知直线平行，而且在该几何体系中，三角形内角和______两直角。
9.最先明确定义无穷级数收敛性的数学家是______，创造并最先使用δ
-
ε语言的数学家是______。
10.1900年，德国数学家______在巴黎国际数学家大会上提出了______个尚未解决的数学问
题，在整个二十世纪，这些问题一直激发着数学家们浓厚的研究兴趣。
三、简答题（每小题7分，共35分）
1.简述刘徽所生活的朝代、代表著作以及在数学上的主要成就。
2.简述笛卡儿的生活年代、所在国家、代表著作以及在数学上的主要成就。
3.简述《几何原本》的作者、主要内容以及在数学发展史上的意义。
4.简述牛顿初建“流数术”的过程、对牛顿建立微积分有重要影响的文献及其作者。
5.简述四色定理的发现及证明过程。
四、古典算法（10分）
我国数学家刘徽证明了，球体积与其外切的牟合方盖的体积比是π/4。
祖日恒则在此基础上利用“幂势既同，则积不容异”的原理推导出了牟合方盖的体积公式，从而求得了球的体积公式。
请复述祖日恒的推导过程。
五、论述题（15分）
试述数学史知识在数学教育中的积极意义。
10028# 数学史试题第2 页共2页。