贵州省贵阳市第一中学2018届高三上学期适应性月考(一)英语试题
贵州省贵阳市第一中学2018届高三第五次适应性月考英语试题
贵阳第一中学2018届高考适应性月考卷（五）英语参考答案第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）1~5 BBAAC 6~10 CACBA 11~15 CCABA 16~20 BCBAC第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）21~25 ACCDC 26~30 BCDBA 31~35 CDBCD第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）36~40 FCEAB第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分）41~45 BACBC 46~50 DAADB 51~55 CACDB 56~60 DADCB第二节（共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分）61．naturally 62．using 63．healthiest 64．about/with 65．what 66．It 67．an 68．difference 69．owners 70．will succeed 第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）My daughter really wanted a dog，so we went to a local pet shop．All the dogs of the window①inwere too expensive! So we went to a private animal hospital where had a shelter next door. We saw②that/whichan amazed dog that was four months old．Her name was Ella，and she was brown with big dark③amazingeye．She was perfect! We told the staff we wanted to take her home，but they told us we would have④eyesto wait for until the next week．Ella needed to get a few more shots．But the day before we were⑤supposed to pick out Ella，the doctor called and told us Ella ∧ died from an infection．My daughter⑥up ⑦hadand I were very sad，but we decided to keep looking the next day．We went to the public animal shelterdowntown，and there was an one-year-old white dog named Max，and even though he was being⑧apretty aloud when we first saw him，he calmed down quickly and played with us. We told the staff⑨loudwe wanted him，and after filling out some forms and paying a small fee，he was mine!⑩ours第二节书面表达（满分25分）【参考范文】Make a Green LivingNowadays，we are faced with serious environmental problems．As far as I am concerned，it’s high time that we should make a green living．If we don’t，the earth would come to an end．Firstly，we should take full advantage of water，electricity and so on．Turn off the lights when we leave the classrooms and we can collect rain water to water flowers．Secondly，it is a good idea to classify our rubbish and recycle it in our daily life．Stop littering the rubbish casually or spitting everywhere．Last but not the least，using public transportation or riding bicycles also can make a greatdifference to the problem．All in all，it’s everyone’s duty to make a green living．Do take action now before it is too late．【解析】第二部分阅读理解第一节A【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了四种可以和孩子一起参加的免费活动。
2024届贵州省贵阳市第一中学高考适应性月考(一)语文试卷及参考答案
2024届贵州省贵阳市第一中学高考适应性月考（一）语文试卷一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读I(本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～5题。
材料一：历史虚无主义是一种否认历史发展具有规律性的社会思潮，它通过偶然性历史事件解读历史、摒弃崇高、拒绝神圣、嘲笑目标、丑化追求，以偶然遮蔽必然，抽离掉了人们在历史发展中的精神追求。
历史虚无主义主要有两种形式：一是有意识地从事历史虚无主义的实践活动，大张旗鼓地想要实现某种政治诉求，比如明目张胆地发表和从事否定革命、丑化党和国家形象的言行，这是一种属于实践层面的显性历史虚无主义；二是有意识地从事历史虚无主义的理论活动，主要借助思想研究和文艺表演等形式以碎片化、微观化、主观化的隐性方式叙述历史，表达出对历史发展规律和历史进步的否定。
理论层面的历史虚无主义以更加隐蔽的形式拉拢民众认可其错误的历史观和价值观，与实践层面的历史虚无主义相互印证，这种隐性的历史虚无主义即软性历史虚无主义。
软性历史虚无主义这种思潮披着思想文化传播的外衣而不断为历史虚无主义实践活动提供理论支撑，是从历史虚无主义发展出来的极具迷惑性和欺骗性的变种。
不论软性历史虚无主义使用何种障眼法，我们都要透过现象剖析其本质和特点，认清其危害。
第一，软性历史虚无主义关注的议题和领域更为广阔。
显性历史虚无主义的表达比较直白，关注的领域主要有近代以来的救亡图存史、革命史、党史和国史等，议题和领域都较容易识别。
软性历史虚无主义的议题设置全面转向社会底层，不断向普通民众的日常生活和容易被理论文艺工作忽视的边边角角延伸，目前有效识别这种具有广泛性、日常性的议题确实存在一定困难。
第二，软性历史虚无主义传播的手段和方式更为隐晦。
软性历史虚无主义的传播主要借助公众娱乐消费平台，这种相对难识别的传播手段更容易“吸引和俘获”普通民众。
软性历史虚无主义主要通过学术研究、文艺表演以及宗教渗透等绵里藏针的形式传播：学术研究打着“学术”“学理”的旗号，借助学术论坛、学术期刊等载体，将个体的偶然性事件表达得淋漓尽致，其终极目的是扭曲正确历史认知，折射甚至讽刺社会发展进程；大量的“伪”文艺作品充斥于传统大众传媒和新兴网络载体，揶揄时代、解构历史、颠倒黑白、虚无主义的低级文化产品以剥夺和摧毁人们对美好事物的向往和信心为目的；宗教渗透活动的目的更为明显，礼拜、聚会等实现心灵慰藉的宗教形式活动负载着大量否定马克思主义、信仰上帝、奉西方价值为圭臬的信息。
贵州省贵阳市第一中学2023-2024学年高三上学期高考适应性月考卷(二)英语试题
贵州省贵阳市第一中学2023-2024学年高三上学期高考适应性月考卷（二）英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Appealing WordlesThe website game Wordle was a huge hit earlier this year, with more than two million players across many countries trying to guess its daily word. If it has sparked your interest in word puzzles, there are plenty of brilliant mobile games to test your letter skills on the Android and Apple app stores.Alphabear: Words Across Time: It is a great example. Each level starts with a grid of letters , from which you make words...and bears! The animals pop up if you use letters that are next to one another, and the bears get bigger as you spell more words. You can also unlock special powers to boost your points and time.Wordfeud: If you’re a fan of board games you might enjoy! It lets you play Scrabble-style matches against friends. If you’re really keen you can be involved in up to 30 games at once. The game also lets you mix up the board so that its bonus-score tiles appear in different places, to keep you all on your toes.Letterpress-Word Game: It is also a multi-player game, where you can play against friends or bots (game-controlled players). You have to spell out words to capture sections of the on-screen grid of letters for your colour (red or blue) before your opponent does, so it’s not just about finding one word at a time but also carefully planning your next moves.SpellTower: It is about strategy, too. It’s a wordsearch game where the letter tiles rise up from the bottom of the screen. You have to reduce the tile as quickly as you can by finding words and beating your own high scores.Some of these games use in-app purchases to unlock all their puzzles or remove adverts. They are optional — and remember, if you want to spend money, check with an adult first. 1．Which game can enable players to be rewarded with more time?A．Alphabear: Word Across Time.B．Wordfeud.C．Letterpress-Word Game.D．SpellTower.2．What do we know about Wordfeud?A．The more words you spell, the bigger the animal is.B．If you mix up the board, you have the bonus scores.C．You will be really confident about your next moves.D．You can beat your own high scores by using strategy.3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A．All of the games are free of charge.B．Only children can play these games.C．Young players can remove advertisements without any purchase.D．Young players should ask adults for permission if spending money.It was a sunny afternoon in June of 2023 when Anthony Perry stepped off the train at Chicago’s 69th Street station. The 20-year-old, who worked nights in a grocery store, was on his way to see his grandfather so they could go and look at a car Perry was thinking about buying.On the platform, two men were fighting fiercely. The pair fell over the edge and onto the tracks. One man ended up on his back, starting trembling. The aggressor leaped backward, ran back up onto the platform and disappeared. The man had fallen atop the third rail, the conduit (导电管) for the 600 volts of electricity that powered Chicago’s L trains and trembled terribly as the current went through his body. Without hesitation, Perry ran quickly to the victim. The guy looked dead, his body still shaking, his head hitting against a steel rail.Perry wondered how he was going to escape the situation he’d just put himself into. Putting his trust in God, Perry reached down and grasped the victim’s wrist. Instantly, he felt a blast of electric shock shoot through his body. Perry jumped back, reached down a second time, and was shocked again.Perry was no expert, but for a few moments he worked on the man’s heart until the victim became conscious. Doctors and firefighters arrived. So Perry let the professionals take over. His heart still racing from the adrenaline (肾上腺素) and the electric shocks, he climbed back up onto the platform, grabbed his things and continued on to his grandfather’s. As planned, they went to look at the car he wanted to buy, but it had been sold.The evening news reported the incident, crediting an anonymous hero with saving the victim’s life. After a friend posted his story on the media, Perry became the toast of Chicago. Just days after the incident, a local philanthropist (慈善家) rewarded him with a car. Perry was then recruited by the Chicago Fire Department and is now training.4．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about?A．How scared the victim was.B．How strong-willed Perry was.C．How cruel the aggressor was.D．How serious the situation was. 5．Which of the following best describes Perry?A．Brave and warm-hearted.B．Adventurous and easy-going.C．Determined and energetic.D．Generous and cooperative.6．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?A．To make us advocate heroic deeds.B．To tell a story about a hero saving a life.C．To appeal to readers to learn from Perry.D．To teach people the way to become famous.7．What do we know about Perry from the passage?A．He was badly injured in the accident.B．He cared little about his heroic behavior.C．His grandfather had passed away before he arrived.D．He had worked for the Chicago Fire Department before.It’s natural that people want to use the latest innovations to better themselves. Smart devices can truly do incredible things and help to simplify our day. They can also enhance our perceptions, arm us with knowledge, and open up a world of new possibilities. A few people have even decided to make the leap and transform themselves to become cyborgs.Cyborg is a term used to describe a being that is half human and half machine. This may sound like something out of science-fiction films, but some people have already adopted this lifestyle. One is artist Neil Harbisson. He was born completely color-blind, and could only see black and white images. It seemed that he would never experience colors. After attending a cybemetics (神经机械学) talk in college, he met an inventor who agreed to make a special device for him. They designed an eyeborg, a mechanical eye that converted colors into sound frequencies. This enabled Harbisson to hear colors and perceive the world in a different way. He started going to museums to “hear”classic paintings. In fact, a simple walk down a grocery store filled with colorful products produces some catchy tunes (动听的曲调), Harbisson loves his eyeborg so much that he rarely takes it off. He now gives talks urging others to consider adding their own mechanical improvements.British scientist Kevin Warwick conducted his own experiment in 1998. He implanted a chip inside of his arm, which he used to control lights and other appliances at home. He later expanded the project by placing electrodes inside his nervous system and linking it to the Internet. This allowed him to control external objects including robotic arms and loudspeakers. His work remains influential as this example of extended sensory input was the first of its kind.If you’re interested in becoming a cyborg and you’re willing a good place to start, it might be with a pair of Google Glass. Users wear it like ordinary eyeglasses. Using voice commands you can have it take pictures of what you see, see directions right in front of you, or translate your voice into other languages. Hopefully this experience will help you decide whether becoming a cyborg is right for you, or if you’re content to remain a human like the rest of us.8．What can we know about the eyeborg from Paragraph 2?A．It is a machine which is half human eye and half machine.B．It is a device that converts hearings into colors for color-blind.C．It makes the color-blind perceive colors by hearing sound frequencies.D．It enables the color-blind to identify colors by creating classic paintings.9．How is the passage developed?A．By comparison.B．By classification.C．By giving examples.D．By listing data.10．What is probably the author’s attitude to the experience of being a cyborg?A．Positive.B．Skeptical.C．Indifferent.D．Ambiguous.11．What is the passage mainly about?A．Why do cyborgs make our world colorful?B．Why do many people want to have eyeborgs?C．How does innovative technology improve people’s lives?D．How does technology promote the development of cyborgs?The University of Washington and University of California San Diego researchers have found that smartphones are capable of detecting blood oxygen saturation (饱和) levels down to 70 percent — the lowest value pulse oximeters (脉搏血氧仪) should be able to measure.The proof-of-principle research involved participants placing their fingers over the camera and flash of a smartphone, which uses a deep-learning algorithm (算法) to interpret blood oxygen levels.“When we delivered a controlled mixture of nitrogen (氮气) and oxygen to six subjects to artificially bring their blood oxygen levels down, the smartphone correctly predicted whether the subjects had low blood oxygen levels 80 percent of the time,” said co-lead author Jason Hoffman of the study published in npj Digital Medicine. “Other smartphone apps that do this were developed by asking people to hold their breath.But people get very uncomfortable and have to breathe after a minute. With our test, we’re able to gather 15 minutes of data from each subject. Our data shows that smartphones could work well.”Another benefit of measuring blood oxygen levels on smartphones,which almost everyone has, is their ubiquity. “It is common for you to have multiple measurements with your own device at either no cost or low cost,” added co-author Dr. Matthew Thompson.To gather data to train and test the algorithm, the researchers had each participant wear a standard pulse oximeter on one finger and then place another finger on the same hand over the camera and flash of a smartphone. The researchers used data from the participants to train a deep-learning algorithm to pull out the blood oxygen levels. The remainder of the data was used to confirm the method and then test it to see how well it performed on new subjects. The team hopes to continue this research by testing the algorithm on more people.12．What did the researchers do concerning the six subjects according to Hoffman?A．They asked them to hold their breath.B．They lowered their blood oxygen levels.C．They allowed them to breathe every minute.D．They collected 15-minute data from them in total.13．What does the underlined word “ubiquity” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A．Being unique in shape.B．Being changeable frequently.C．Being stable in quality.D．Being present in many places. 14．What was each participant required to do during the study?A．Train and test a deep-learning algorithm.B．Keep an eye on their blood oxygen levels.C．Wear a regular pulse oximeter on every finger.D．Put a finger over a smartphone’s camera and flash.15．What would be the best title for the text?A．Smartphones Can Measure Blood Oxygen LevelsB．Smartphones Can Control Blood Oxygen LevelsC．A Deep-learning Algorithm Can Learn from Pulse OximetersD．A Deep-learning Algorithm Can Be Added to Pulse Oximeters二、七选五5 REASONS WHY LISTS ARE GREAT!10 Ways to Lose Weight. 8 Habits of Highly Successful People. 6 Ways to Get Rich Fast.16 .In fact, most online articles seem to be made up of lists. So, why are they so popular?·They’re easy to readLists are often written in simple, basic language as there’s no need for linking words or complex connecting phrases. 17 .· They’re finite18 . For example, with an article on 10 ways to make a million , you know there are only 10 points to read, not 10,000.· They’re helpfulThe person who wrote the list has already organized the information for you, and has spent some time thinking about the most important points related to the topic. 19 .· They’re funThe Top 10 Funniest Jokes. 20 Songs People Love to Sing in the Shower. 8 Things You Should Never Say to Your Mother-in-law...Lists are often about fun things, so you’ll enjoy reading them.·20Having ideas in a list is a quick and easy way to get the information you want. Imagine you’re interested in visiting Los Angeles and you just want the basic facts. What would you rather read; a one-page article with the title The Top 10 Things to Do in Los Angeles, or a 200-page book titled Everything You Need to Know About Los Angeles?In an ever more complex world, it’s nice to have something that’s easy!A．They’re shortB．They’re effectiveC．With a list, there’s a clear end in sightD．So, you only get the most relevant informationE．Everywhere you look these days, there are listsF．Plus, you can compare the list to your own list, and think about what you’d change or addG．Plus, it’s so much easier to identify important points from a list compared to a big chunk of text三、完形填空A typical lion tamer (驯兽师) in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip (鞭子)wait, when faced with so many options, 26 attacking the man holding the chair.How often do you 27 yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you want to28 — only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?This 29 me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which 30 is best, the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end result is that we’re focused on the31 things or that we feel like we can’t focus, 32 we take less action，make less progress, and stay the same when we could be 33 .It doesn’t have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, 34 this: All you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel 35 is one of the habits of successful people.21．A．chair B．whip C．lion D．tamer 22．A．throws B．lifts C．holds D．seizes 23．A．isolated B．maintained C．strengthened D．divided 24．A．determined B．unsure C．unpleasant D．embarrassed 25．A．flee B．freeze C．fight D．face26．A．instead of B．except for C．other than D．out of 27．A．shut B．abandon C．miss D．find 28．A．achieve B．destroy C．ignore D．hesitate 29．A．pleases B．scares C．upsets D．shocks 30．A．option B．suggestion C．position D．explanation 31．A．dramatic B．fantastic C．wrong D．abnormal 32．A．because B．so C．when D．if 33．A．losing B．complaining C．connecting D．improving 34．A．remember B．imagine C．emphasize D．analyse 35．A．adventurous B．cautious C．ready D．lonely四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
高三英语第一次月考质量分析
高三第一次月考英语试卷质量分析报告我校于2018年9月24-25日举行了2016届高三学生第一次月考。
该套试题包括单选30分，其他题型和高考试题题型相同，满分150分。
题型包括单选、阅读、完形填空、语法填空、短文改错和作文，考试时间为120分钟。
一．试卷总体评价本次英语综合考试试卷，在考查学生基础知识的同时，重点考查了学生的综合语言运用能力，试题题量适中、梯度明显、突出语篇、强调应用，注重考查学生能力，难度较大，个别试题争议性大，学生分数分析如下：理科班1-12班：文科班13-17班：三、各题型分析1、单项选择本大题注重在特定语境下的词义辨析能力的考查，突出综合性和语境化特征。
考查内容有数词、冠词、动词、名词、形容词、副词和动词词组，情景对话，且按题号有序排列，布局清晰，考点突出。
动词和动词词组辨析、情景对话为考查重点。
错误较多的题是基础词性题目和情景对话题目。
存在的问题主要有：1．词义用法掌握不够，对常用单词的词义掌握仅局限于书本，不能适当地拓展与延伸；2．相近词义辨析能力不足；3．缺少对单词和短语在具体语境下的词语活用能力。
2、完形填空本次试题需要学生思考，应用性较强。
存在的问题： 1.学生缺乏相关生活经验，； 2.词汇量太少，影响理解； 3.脱离上下文语境，找不准所选词语在上下文语境中的线索； 4.缺乏跨文化交际意识，不理解文化背景知识。
3、阅读理解阅读理解部分充分地体现了考试大纲的要求，题材丰富，体裁多样，语言地道，贴近社会，贴近时代，具有浓郁的人文和社会气息。
既考查了考生对文章简单事实的表层理解，又要求考生能透过表面的文字信息来进行分析，综合和推理判断。
其显著特点之一就是加大了对考生对文章主旨大意、推理判断能力的考查，还出现了难度较大的理解文章结构的题。
暴露的问题有： 1.对文章或段落的主旨和要义把握不好。
2.猜测词义的能力不足。
3.对部分事实细节的理解以及推理判断能力欠缺。
4、语法填空语法填空一般是在语境中完成对话，本次考查关于体育新闻的相关用语。
贵州省贵阳市第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期9月月考化学试题(含答案)
化学试卷注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2．每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
在试题卷上作答无效。
3．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
满分100分，考试用时75分钟。
以下数据可供解题时参考。
可能用到的相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Sc-45一、选择题：本题共14小题，每小题3分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1．下列说法错误的是（ ）A ．纯碱和()3Al OH 都可以用作胃酸中和剂，制胃药B ．“青铜器时期”早于“铁器时期”的原因之一是铜比铁稳定C ．快餐餐盒使用的聚乳酸材料可由乳酸（）缩聚制得D ．诗句“司南之杓（勺）投之于地，其柢（勺柄）指南”，“杓”的材质为34Fe O 2．下列说法正确的是（ ） A ．1-丁醇的键线式：B ．基态铜原子的价层电子排布式为923d 4sC ．3Fe +的价电子的轨道表示式：D ．2SO 的VSEPR 模型：3．A N 为阿伏加德罗常数的值。
下列叙述正确的是（ ） A ．1mol 苯乙烯中含有碳碳双键数为4A NB ．用电解粗铜的方法精炼铜，当电路中通过的电子数为A N 时，阳极应有32gCu 转化为2Cu +C ．pH 12=的23Na CO 溶液中OH -数目为0.01A N D ．常温常压下，32g 24N H 所含共价键的数目为5A N 4．下列方程式与所给事实相符的一项是（ ）A ．22Na O 吸收2SO 气体：2222322Na O 2SO 2Na SO O +=+B ．乙醇与227K Cr O 酸性溶液反应：233232273CH CH OH 2Cr O 16H 3CH COOH 4Cr 11H O -+++→++ C ．泡沫灭火器的反应原理：()23223AlO HCO H O Al OH CO --++=↓+↑D ．向溶液中通入少量2CO ：5．奥司他韦可以用于治疗流行性感冒，其结构如图1所示。
贵州省贵阳市第一中学高三生物上学期适应性月考试题(一)(含解析)(2021年整理)
贵州省贵阳市第一中学2018届高三上学期适应性月考（一）理综生物试题一、选择题1。
糖类是生物体的重要构成物质和能源物质,下列有关糖类的叙述正确的是A。
在ATP、RNA、核糖体和质粒中均含有核糖B. 在细胞膜上糖类与蛋白质结合形成糖蛋白C. 所有糖类都是生物体的主要能源物质D. 葡萄糖是构成纤维素、淀粉和糖原的基本单位【答案】D【解析】质粒是小型环状DNA分子，其含有的是脱氧核糖，A错误；细胞膜上的多糖链，有的与蛋白质结合形成糖蛋白,有的与脂质结合形成糖脂，B错误;糖类中的核糖、脱氧核糖、纤维素都不是能源物质，C错误；纤维素、淀粉和糖原的单体都是葡萄糖，因此葡萄糖是构成纤维素、淀粉和糖原的基本单位，D正确.2. 下图为某人体细胞内部分蛋白质合成及转运的示意图，据图分析，下列有关叙述正确的是A。
内质网对其加工的蛋白质先进行分类再转运至细胞的不同部位B. 附着型核糖体合成的多肽通过囊泡运输到内质网加工C. 细胞膜上的糖蛋白的形成经内质网和高尔基体的加工D。
分泌蛋白经细胞膜分泌到细胞外体现了生物膜的边能特性【答案】C【解析】据图分析可知，高尔基体对其加工的蛋白质先进行分类再转运至细胞的不同部位，A 正确；附着核糖体合成的多肽是在信号肽的引导下进入内质网腔进行粗加工（这一过程没有囊泡运输），内质网将该蛋白通过囊泡运输到高尔基体进行深加工的，B错误；据图分析可知,细胞膜上的糖蛋白的形成先后经过了内质网和髙尔基体的加工,C正确;分泌蛋白经细胞膜分泌到细胞外属于胞吐作用，体现了生物膜的结构特点,D正确。
3。
科学家发现某些动物细胞在低渗溶液中不涨破，但是将控制红细胞膜上CHIP28(-种水通道蛋白)合成的mRNA注入细胞内，发现这些细胞也会迅速涨破。
下列说法错误的是A. CHIP28合成所需的mRNA加工和运输需要内质网和高尔基体的参与B. 细胞在低渗溶液中不涨破的原因是细胞膜上无类似CHIP28的蛋白质C。
红细胞在低渗溶液中吸水涨破的原因是由于CHIP28协助吸收了过多的水D. 肾小管细胞在抗利尿激素的作用下重吸收水可能有类似CHIP28的蛋白质【答案】A.。
贵州省贵阳市第一中学2022-2023学年高考高三11月适应性月考卷(三)英语试题(含听力
贵州省贵阳市第一中学2022-2023学年高考高三11月适应性月考卷(三)英语试题(含听力一、听力选择（20分）第一节：听句子，选择与句子内容相符的图片。
每个句子读一遍（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）1. A. B.2. A. B.3. A. B.4. A. B.5. A. B.第二节：听对话，选择正确答案（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）6. What did the woman buy at the supermarket？A. Some corn.B. Some apples.C. Some bananas.7. What was the woman doing when the man arrived at her house？A. Cooking.B. Sleeping.C. Watching TV.8. How do the speakers go to school every day？A. By bike.B. By bus.C. On foot.9. What does the woman like doing most？A. Listening to music.B. Reading books.C. Watching movies.10. What does the man think of his English class？A. Interesting.B. Difficult.C. Boring.二、短文理解（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
A new report has suggested that staying up late and using smartphones in the bedroom both contribute tochildren’s poor academic performance in school.The team, led by Dr. Smith of London University, interviewed 500 adolescents aged between 11 and 18. The research asked questions about their sleeping habits，academic achievement and the time spent on their digital devices, as well as how this affects their emotional state.The team found that 70% of the participants were not getting enough sleep, 70% said they stayed up late at least once a week, 72% said they used their smartphones late at night, and over 80% said they had poor academic performance when they lacked sleep. The team also found that 73% of students who stayed up late felt overwhelmed and frustrated.The research has concluded that children need to balance the use of digital devices and to get enough sleep. Dr. Smith said, “We recommend that children and adolescents get between 7 and 8 hours of sleep and avoid using digital devices at least an hour before bed, to get the adequate amount of res t and maintain a healthy emotional state.”11. What is the report about？A. The relationship between using smartphones and staying up late.B. The relationship between academic performance and bedtime.C. The relationship between sleep and digital devices.12. How many participants did Dr. Smith’s team interview？A. 300.B. 400.C. 500.13. What percentage of participants had poor academic performance？A. 70%.B. 72%.C. 80%.14. What did the research conclude？A. Children should get 7 to 8 hours of sleep but not use digital devices at all.B. Children should balance their use of digital devices and get enough sleep.C. Children should stay up late and use digital devices at least an hour before bed.15. What do we learn from the passage？A. Staying up late results in emotional disturbances.B. Using smartphones result in emotional disturbances.C. Staying up late and using smartphones both result in emotional disturbances.三、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
贵阳第一中学2018届高考适应性月考卷(五)英语-答案
贵阳第一中学2018届高考适应性月考卷（五）英语参考答案第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）1~5 BBAAC 6~10 CACBA 11~15 CCABA 16~20 BCBAC第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）21~25 ACCDC 26~30 BCDBA 31~35 CDBCD第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）36~40 FCEAB第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分）41~45 BACBC 46~50 DAADB 51~55 CACDB 56~60 DADCB第二节（共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分）61．naturally 62．using 63．healthiest 64．about/with 65．what66．It 67．an 68．difference 69．owners 70．will succeed第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）My daughter really wanted a dog，so we went to a local pet shop．All the dogs of the window①inwere too expensive! So we went to a private animal hospital where had a shelter next door. We saw②that/whichan amazed dog that was four months old．Her name was Ella，and she was brown with big dark ③amazingeye．She was perfect! We told the staff we wanted to take her home，but they told us we would have ④eyesto wait for until the next week．Ella needed to get a few more shots．But the day before we were ⑤supposed to pick out Ella，the doctor called and told us Ella ∧ died from an infection．My daughter⑥up ⑦had英语参考答案·第1页（共8页）and I were very sad，but we decided to keep looking the next day．We went to the public animal shelterdowntown，and there was an one-year-old white dog named Max，and even though he was being⑧apretty aloud when we first saw him，he calmed down quickly and played with us. We told the staff⑨loudwe wanted him，and after filling out some forms and paying a small fee，he was mine!⑩ours第二节书面表达（满分25分）【参考范文】Make a Green LivingNowadays，we are faced with serious environmental problems．As far as I am concerned，it’s high time that we should make a green living．If we don’t，the earth would come to an end．Firstly，we should take full advantage of water，electricity and so on．Turn off the lights when we leave the classrooms and we can collect rain water to water flowers．Secondly，it is a good idea to classify our rubbish and recycle it in our daily life．Stop littering the rubbish casually or spitting everywhere．Last but not the least，using public transportation or riding bicycles also can make a great difference to the problem．All in all，it’s everyone’s duty to make a green living．Do take action now before it is too late．【解析】第二部分阅读理解第一节A【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了四种可以和孩子一起参加的免费活动。
贵州省贵阳市第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第一次联考(9月月考) 数学试卷[含答案]
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数学试卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名､准考证号､考场号､座位号在答题卡上填写清楚.2.每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号､在试题卷上作答无效.3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.满分150分，考试用时120分钟.一､单项选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）1.已知集合，则（）{}{}2230,1,2,3,4A x x x B =-->=∣A B ⋂=A.B.C.D.{}1,2{}1,2,3{}3,4{}42.下列函数在其定义域内单调递增的是（）A.B.1y x =-2ln y x=C. D.32y x =e xy x =3.已知等差数列满足，则（）{}n a 376432,6a a a a +=-=1a =A.2B.4C.6D.84.已知点是抛物线上一点，若到抛物线焦点的距离为5，且到轴的距离为A ()2:20C y px p =>A A x 4，则（ ）p =A.1或2 B.2或4 C.2或8 D.4或85.已知函数的定义域为.记的定义域为集合的定义域为集合.则“()23f x -[]2,3()f x (),21x A f -B ”是“”的（ ）x A ∈x B ∈A.充分不必要条件 B.必要不充分条件C.充要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件6.已知函数的定义域为.设函数，函数.若是偶函数，()f x R ()()e xg x f x -=+()()5e xh x f x =-()g x 是奇函数，则的最小值为（）()h x ()f x A. B.C.D.e2e7.从的二项展开式中随机取出不同的两项，则这两项的乘积为有理项的概率为（）51x ⎫+⎪⎭A. B. C. D.253513238.已知圆，设其与轴､轴正半轴分别交于，两点.已知另一圆的半径221:220C x y x y +--=x y M N 2C为，且与圆相外切，则的最大值为（）1C22C M C N ⋅A.20B.C.10D.二､多项选择题（本大题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多个选项是符合题目要求的，全部选对的得6分，部分选对的得部分分，有选错的得0分）9.离散型随机变量的分布列如下表所示，是非零实数，则下列说法正确的是（ ）X ,m n X 20242025Pm nA. B.服从两点分布1m n +=X C.D.()20242025E X <<()D X mn=10.已知函数，下列说法正确的是（ ）()()214log 21f x ax ax =-+A.的定义域为，当且仅当()f x R 01a <<B.的值域为，当且仅当()f x R 1a C.的最大值为2，当且仅当()f x 1516a =D.有极值，当且仅当()f x 1a <11.设定义在上的可导函数和的导函数分别为和，满足R ()f x ()g x ()f x '()g x '，且为奇函数，则下列说法正确的是（）()()()()11,3g x f x f x g x --=''=+()1g x +A.B.的图象关于直线对称()00f =()g x 2x =C.的一个周期是4 D.()f x 20251()0k g k ==∑三､填空题（本大题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分）12.过点作曲线且的切线，则切点的纵坐标为__________.()0,0(0x y a a =>1)a ≠13.今年暑期旅游旺季，贵州以凉爽的气候条件和丰富的旅游资源为依托，吸引了各地游客前来游玩.由安顺黄果树瀑布､荔波小七孔､西江千户苗寨､赤水丹霞､兴义万峰林､铜仁梵净山6个景点谐音组成了贵州文旅的拳头产品“黄小西吃晚饭”.小明和家人计划游览以上6个景点，若铜仁梵净山不安排在首末位置，且荔波小七孔和西江千户苗寨安排在相邻位置，则一共有__________种不同的游览顺序方案.（用数字作答）14.已知函数若存在实数且，使得，()223,0,ln ,0,x x x f x x x ⎧++=⎨>⎩ 123,,x x x 123x x x <<()()()123f x f x f x ==则的最大值为__________.()()()112233x f x x f x x f x ++四､解答题（共77分.解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤）15.（本小题满分13分）下图中的一系列三角形图案称为谢尔宾斯基三角形.图（1）是一个面积为1的实心正三角形，分别连接这个正三角形三边的中点，将原三角形分成4个小正三角形，并去掉中间的小正三角形得到图（2），再对图（2）中的每个实心小正三角形重复以上操作得到图（3），再对图（3）中的每个实心小正三角形重复以上操作得到图（4），…，依此类推得到个图形.记第个图形中实心三角形的个数为，第n 个图形n n n a 中实心区域的面积为.nb （1）写出数列和的通项公式；{}n a {}n b （2）设，证明.121121n n n n n c a b a b a b a b --=++++ 43n n n a c a <16.（本小题满分15分）如图，在三棱台中，和都为等腰直角三角形，111A B C ABC -111A B C ABC 为线段的中点，为线段上的点.111112,4,90,CC C A CA ACC BCC CBA G ∠∠∠====== AC HBC （1）若点为线段的中点，求证：平面；H BC 1A B ∥1C GH （2）若平面分三棱台所成两部分几何体的体积比为，求二面角1C GH 111A B C ABC -2:5的正弦值.11C GH B --17.（本小题满分15分）已知双曲线与双曲线的离心率相同，且经过点()2222:10,0x y M a b a b -=>>2222:12x y N m m -=M 的焦距为.()2,2,N （1）分别求和的方程；M N （2）已知直线与的左､右两支相交于点，与的左､右两支相交于点，D ，，判断l M ,A B N C ABCD=直线与圆的位置关系.l 222:O x y a +=18.（本小题满分17分）为了检测某种抗病毒疫苗的免疫效果，需要进行动物与人体试验.研究人员将疫苗注射到200只小白鼠体内，一段时间后测量小白鼠的某项指标值，按分组，绘制频率分[)[)[)[)[]0,20,20,40,40,60,60,80,80,100布直方图如图所示.试验发现小白鼠体内产生抗体的共有160只，其中该项指标值不小于60的有110只.假设小白鼠注射疫苗后是否产生抗体相互独立.（1）填写下面的列联表，并根据列联表及的独立性检验，判断能否认为注射疫苗后小白鼠22⨯0.01α=产生抗体与指标值不小于60有关；单位：只指标值抗体小于60不小于60合计有抗体没有抗体合计（2）为检验疫苗二次接种的免疫抗体性，对第一次注射疫苗后没有产生抗体的40只小白鼠进行第二次注射疫苗，结果又有20只小白鼠产生抗体.（i ）用频率估计概率，求一只小白鼠注射2次疫苗后产生抗体的概率；P （ii ）以（i ）中确定的概率作为人体注射2次疫苗后产生抗体的概率，进行人体接种试验，记100个人P 注射2次疫苗后产生抗体的数量为随机变量.求及取最大值时的值.X ()E X ()P X k =k参考公式：（其中为样本容量）()()()()22()n ad bc a b c d a c b d χ-=++++n a b c d =+++参考数据：α0.1000.0500.0100.005x α2.7063.8416.6357.87919.（本小题满分17分）三角函数是解决数学问题的重要工具.三倍角公式是三角学中的重要公式之一，某数学学习小组研究得到了以下的三倍角公式：①；②.3sin33sin 4sinθθθ=-3cos34cos 3cos θθθ=-根据以上研究结论，回答：（1）在①和②中任选一个进行证明；（2）已知函数有三个零点且.()323f x x ax a =-+123,,x x x 123x x x <<（i ）求的取值范围；a （ii ）若，证明：.1231x x x =-222113x x x x -=-贵阳第一中学2025届高考适应性月考卷（一）数学参考答案一､单项选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）题号12345678答案DCBCBCAA【解析】1.由题，或，则，故选D.{1A xx =<-∣{}3},1,2,3,4x B >={}4A B ⋂=2.对于A 选项，的定义域为，该函数在和上单调递增，在定义1y x =-()(),00,∞∞-⋃+(),0∞-()0,∞+域内不单调；对于B 选项，的定义域为，该函数在上单调递减，在2ln y x =()(),00,∞∞-⋃+(),0∞-上单调递增，在定义域内不单调；对于C 选项，的定义域为，该函数在定()0,∞+32y x==[)0,∞+义域上单调递增；对于D 选项，的定义域为，当时，；当e x y x =().1e xy x =+'R (),1x ∞∈--0y '<时，，在上单调递减，在上单调递增，因此该函数在定()1,x ∞∈-+0y '>xe y x ∴=(),1∞--()1,∞-+义域内不单调，故选C.3.，故选B.53756415232,16,26,3,44a a a a d a a d a a d =+===-===-= 4.设点，则整理得，解得或，故选C.()00,A x y 200002,5,24,y px p x y ⎧=⎪⎪+=⎨⎪=⎪⎩582p p ⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭2p =8p =5.的定义域为.当时，的定义域为，()23f x - []2,323x ()1233,x f x -∴ []1,3即.令，解得的定义域为，即.[]1,3A =1213x- ()12,21x x f ∴- []1,2[]1,2B =“”是“”的必要不充分条件，故选B.,B A ⊆∴ x A ∈x B ∈6.由题，解得，所以()()()()()()()(),e e ,5e 5e ,x xx xg x g x f x f x h x h x f x f x --⎧⎧=-+=-+⎪⎪⇒⎨⎨=---=--+⎪⎪⎩⎩()3e 2e x x f x -=+，当且仅当，即时，等号成立，()3e2e xxf x -=+3e 2e x x -=12ln 23x =C.min ()f x ∴=7.设的二项展开式的通项公式为，51x ⎫+⎪⎭53521551C C ,0,1,2kkk k kk T x k x --+⎛⎫=== ⎪⎝⎭，所以二项展开式共6项.当时的项为无理项；当时的项为有理项.两项乘积为有3,4,50,2,4k =1,3,5k =理数当且仅当此两项同时为无理项或同时为有理项，故其概率为，故选A.223326C C 2C 5+=8.由题，，即圆心为，且，为的221:(1)(1)2C x y -+-=()11,1C()()2,0,0,2M N MN 1C 直径.与相外切，由中线关系，有1C 2C 12C C ∴==，当且()()2222222222121222218240,202C M C NC M C N C C C MC M C N ++=+=⨯+=∴⋅=仅当时，等号成立，所以的最大值为20，故选A.22C M C N=22C M C N⋅二､多项选择题（本大题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多项符合题目要求，全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得部分分，有选错的得0分）题号91011答案ACDBCBCD【解析】9.对于A 选项，由分布列性质可知正确；对于B 选项，由两点分布定义可知错误；对于C 选项，，正确；()()()202420252024120252024.01,20242025E X m n n n n n E X =+=-+=+<<∴<< 对于D 选项，令，则服从两点分布，，2024Y X =-Y ()()1D Y n n mn=-=，正确，故选ACD.()()()2024D X D Y D Y mn∴=+==10.令，对于A 选项，的定义域为或()2221,Δ44g x ax ax a a =-+=-()f x 0a ⇔=R ，故A 错误；对于B 选项，的值域为在定义域内的值域为0,01Δ0a a >⎧⇔<⎨<⎩ ()f x ()g x ⇔R ，故B 正确；对于C 选项，的最大值为在定义域内的最小值()0,0,1Δ0a a ∞>⎧+⇔⇔⎨⎩ ()f x ()2g x ⇔为，故C 正确；对于D 选项，有极值在定义域内有极值()0,11511616116a a g >⎧⎪⇔⇔=⎨=⎪⎩()f x ()g x ⇔且，故D 选项错误，故选BC.()0,110a a g ≠⎧⇔⇔<⎨>⎩0a ≠11.对于A 选项，因为为奇函数，所以，又由，可得()1g x +()10g =()()11g x f x --=，故A 错误；对于B 选项，由可得()()()101,01g f f -==-()()3f x g x '=+'为常数，又由，可得，则()()3,f x g x C C=++()()11g x f x --=()()11g x f x --=，令，得，所以，所以()()131g x g x C --+-=1x =-()()221g g C --=1C =-的图象关于直线对称，故B 正确；对于C 选项，因为为奇函数，()()()13,g x g x g x -=+2x =()1g x +所以，所以，所以()()()311g x g x g x +=-=-+()()()()()2,42g x g x g x g x g x +=-+=-+=是一个周期为4的周期函数，，()g x ()()()()()()31,47131f x g x f x g x g x f x =+-+=+-=+-=所以也是一个周期为4的周期函数，故C 正确；对于D 选项，因为为奇函数，所以()f x ()1g x +，又，又是周期为4的周期函数，所以()()()()10,204g g g g ==-=-()()310g g ==()g x ，故D 正确，故选BCD.20251()(1)0k g k g ===∑三､填空题（本大题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分）题号121314答案e14433e 6-【解析】12.设切点坐标为切线方程为.将代入得，可得(),,ln ,txt a y a a ='∴ ln xy a a x =⋅(),tt a ln t ta a t a ⋅=切点纵坐标为.1log e,ln a t a ==∴elog e t a a a==13.先对小七孔和千户苗寨两个相邻元素捆绑共有种方法，再安排梵净山的位置共有种方法，再排其22A 13C 余元素共有种排法，故共有种不同的方案.44A 214234A C A 144⋅⋅=14.设，由的函数图象知，，又，()()()123f x f x f x t===()f x 23t < 1232,ln x x x t +=-=.令()()()3112233e ,2e t tx x f x x f x x f x t t =∴++=-+在上单调递增，则()()()()2e ,23,1e 20,t t t t t t t t t ϕϕϕ'=-+<=+->∴ (]2,3，的最大值为.()3max ()33e 6t ϕϕ==-()()()112233x f x x f x x f x ∴++33e 6-四､解答题（共77分.解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤）15.（本小题满分13分）（1）解：数列是首项为1，公比为3的等比数列，因此；{}n a 11133n n n a --=⨯=数列是首项为1，公比为的等比数列，因此，.{}n b 341133144n n n b --⎛⎫⎛⎫=⨯= ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭（2）证明：由（1）可得1210121121121333333334444n n n n n n n n n c a b a b a b a b ------⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=++++=⋅+⋅++⋅+⋅ ⎪⎪⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭12101111134444n n n ---⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=++++⎢⎥⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎢⎥⎣⎦121114134311414n nn n --⎡⎤⎛⎫⋅-⎢⎥ ⎪⎡⎤⎝⎭⎢⎥⎛⎫⎣⎦=⋅=⋅⋅-⎢⎥⎪⎝⎭⎢⎥⎣⎦-因为，2114314411334n n n nn nc a --⎡⎤⎛⎫⋅⋅-⎢⎥ ⎪⎡⎤⎝⎭⎢⎥⎛⎫⎣⎦==-⎢⎥⎪⎝⎭⎢⎥⎣⎦所以，所以.413n n c a <43n n na c a < 16.（本小题满分15分）（1）证明：如图1，连接，设，连接，1A C 11A C C G O⋂=1,HO A G三棱台，则，又，111A B C ABC -11A C ∥AC 122CG AC ==四边形为平行四边形，∴11A C CG 则.1CO OA =点是的中点，H BC .1BA ∴∥OH 又平面平面，OH ⊂11,C HG A B ⊄1C HG 平面.1A B ∴∥1C HG （2）解：因为平面分三棱台所成两部分几何体的体积比为，1C GH 111A B C ABC -2:5所以，11127C GHC AB V V B C ABC-=-即，()1111121373GHC ABC AB C S CC S S CC ⋅⋅=⋅⋅++⋅ 化简得，12GHC ABC S S =此时点与点重合.H B ，1190C CA BCC ∠∠== 且都在平面，则平面，11,,C C BC CC AC BC AC C ∴⊥⊥⋂=ABC 1CC ⊥ABC 又为等腰直角三角形，则.ABC BG AC ⊥又由（1）知，则平面，1A G ∥1CC 1A G ⊥ABC 建立如图2所示的坐标系,G xyz -则，()()()()2,0,0,0,2,0,0,0,0,0,2,0H A G C -()()110,2,2,1,1,2C B --设平面的法向量，1C HG ()()()1,,,0,2,2,2,0,0n x y z GC GH ==-= 则令，解得，220,20,y z x -+=⎧⎨=⎩1y =()0,1,1n = 设平面的法向量，1B GH ()()1,,,1,1,2m a b c GB ==- 则令，解得.20,20,a b c a -+=⎧⎨=⎩2b =()0,2,1m = 设二面角的平面角为，11C GH B --θ，cos cos ,m n m n m n θ⋅=<>=== 所以，sin θ==所以二面角.11C GH B --17.（本小题满分15分）解：（1）由题意可知双曲线的焦距为N =解得，即双曲线.21m =22:12y N x -=因为双曲线与双曲线的离心率相同，M N 不妨设双曲线的方程为，M 222y x λ-=因为双曲线经过点，所以，解得，M ()2,242λ-=2λ=则双曲线的方程为.M 22124x y -=（2）易知直线的斜率存在，不妨设直线的方程为l l ，()()()()11223344,,,,,,,,y kx t A x y B x y C x y D x y =+联立消去并整理得22,,2y kx t y x λ=+⎧⎪⎨-=⎪⎩y ()2222220,k x ktx t λ----=此时可得，()()222222Δ44220,20,2k t k t t k λλ⎧=+-+>⎪⎨--<⎪-⎩22k <当时，由韦达定理得；2λ=212122224,22kt t x x x x k k --+==--当时，由韦达定理得，1λ=234342222,22kt t x x x x k k --+==--则，ABCD====化简可得，222t k +=由（1）可知圆，22:2O x y +=则圆心到直线的距离，Ol d ====所以直线与圆相切或相交.l O 18.（本小题满分17分）解：（1）由频率分布直方图知，200只小白鼠按指标值分布为：在内有（只）；[)0,200.00252020010⨯⨯=在）内有（只）；[20,400.006252020025⨯⨯=在）内有（只）；[40,600.008752020035⨯⨯=在）内有（只）；[60,800.025********⨯⨯=在内有（只）[]80,1000.00752020030⨯⨯=由题意，有抗体且指标值小于60的有50只；而指标值小于60的小白鼠共有（只），10253570++=所以指标值小于60且没有抗体的小白鼠有20只，同理，指标值不小于60且没有抗体的小白鼠有20只，故列联表如下：单位：只指标值抗体小于60不小于60合计有抗体50110160没有抗体202040合计70130200零假设为：注射疫苗后小白鼠产生抗体与指标值不小于60无关联.0H 根据列联表中数据，得.220.01200(502020110) 4.945 6.6351604070130x χ⨯⨯-⨯=≈<=⨯⨯⨯根据的独立性检验，没有充分证据认为注射疫苗后小白鼠产生抗体与指标值不小于60有关.0.01α=（2）（i ）令事件“小白鼠第一次注射疫苗产生抗体”，事件“小白鼠第二次注射疫苗产生抗体”A =B =，事件“小白鼠注射2次疫苗后产生抗体”.C =记事件发生的概率分别为，则，,,A B C ()()(),,P A P B P C ()()160200.8,0.520040P A P B ====.()1P C =-()()10.20.50.9P A P B =-⨯=所以一只小白鼠注射2次疫苗后产生抗体的概率.0.9P =（ii ）由题意，知随机变量，()100,0.9X B ~所以.()1000.990E X np ==⨯=又，设时，最大，()()C 0.90.10,1,2,,k k n k n P X k k n -==⨯⨯= 0k k =()P X k =所以00000000000010011910010010011101100100C 0.90.1C 0.90.1,C 0.90.1C 0.90.1,k k k k k k k k k k k k -++-----⎧⨯⨯≥⨯⨯⎪⎨⨯⨯≥⨯⨯⎪⎩解得，因为是整数，所以.089.990.9k 0k 090k =19.（本小题满分17分）（1）若选①，证明如下：()()22sin3sin 2sin2cos cos2sin 2sin cos 12sin sin θθθθθθθθθθθ=+=+=+-()()2232sin 1sin 12sin sin 3sin 4sin θθθθθθ=-+-=-若选②，证明如下：()()22cos3cos 2cos2cos sin2sin 2cos 1cos 2sin cos θθθθθθθθθθθ=+=-=--.()3232cos cos 21cos cos 4cos 3cos θθθθθθ=---=-（2）（i ）解：，()233f x x a =-'当时，恒成立，所以在上单调递增，至多有一个零点；0a ()0f x ' ()f x (),∞∞-+当时，令，得；令，得0a >()0f x '=x =()0f x '<x <<令，得()0f x '>x <x>所以在上单调递减，在上单调递增.()f x ((),,∞∞-+有三个零点，则即解得，()fx (0,0,f f ⎧>⎪⎨<⎪⎩2220,20,a a ⎧+>⎪⎨-<⎪⎩04a <<当时，，04a <<4a +>且，()()()()32224(4)3445160f a a a a a a a a a+=+-++=++++>所以在上有唯一一个零点，()fx )4a +同理()2220,g a -<-=-=-<所以在上有唯一一个零点.()f x (-又在上有唯一一个零点，所以有三个零点，()f x (()f x 综上可知的取值范围为.a ()0,4（ii ）证明：设，()()()()321233f x x ax a x x x x x x =-+=---则.()212301f a x x x ==-=又，所以.04a <<1a =此时，()()()()210,130,110,230f f f f -=-<-=>=-<=>方程的三个根均在内，3310x x -+=()2,2-方程变形为，3310x x -+=3134222x x ⎛⎫=⋅-⋅ ⎪⎝⎭令，则由三倍角公式.ππsin 222x θθ⎛⎫=-<< ⎪⎝⎭31sin33sin 4sin 2θθθ=-=因为，所以.3π3π3,22θ⎛⎫∈- ⎪⎝⎭7ππ5π7ππ5π3,,,,,666181818θθ=-=-因为，所以，123x x x <<1237ππ5π2sin ,2sin ,2sin 181818x x x =-==所以222221π7ππ7π4sin 4sin 21cos 21cos 181899x x ⎛⎫⎛⎫-=-=--- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭137ππ5π7π2cos 2cos 2sin 2sin 991818x x =-=--=-。
贵州省贵阳市第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期高考适应性月考卷(一)物理试卷
贵州省贵阳市第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期高考适应性月考卷（一） 物理试卷一、单选题1．2023年8月24日13时，日本福岛第一核电站启动核污染水排海。
核污染水含高达64种放射性元素，其中氚（31H ）衰变过程中产生的电离辐射可损害DNA ，是致癌的高危因素之一，半衰期为12.5年。
其衰变方程为330121H He e -→+，下列说法正确的是（ ） A ．衰变放出的01e -来自原子的核外电子B ．强相互作用是引起该衰变的原因C ．秋冬气温逐渐变低时，氚的衰变速度会有所减弱D ．31lg H 在25年后大约剩下0.25g 未发生衰变 2．如图所示，由折射率为n 的透明材料制成、半径为R 的半圆柱形透明砖平放在桌面上，A 、C 为透明砖的截面直径的上、下端点，计时开始，激光束垂直AC 对应的侧面照射到A 点，此后激光束沿AC 方向以速度v 匀速向C 点平移，忽略光在透明砖中的传播时间，从圆弧面ABC 上开始有光射出的时刻为（ ）A ．()21R n nv - B ．2R nv C ．()1R n nv - D ．R nv3．甲、乙两质点在相邻平行直线轨道上运动的x t -图像如图所示，其中甲的图线是直线，乙的图线是抛物线。
在0~16s 内，下列说法错误的是（ ）A．乙做曲线运动B．甲的平均速度等于乙的平均速度C．某一时刻甲、乙的速度相同D．乙先做匀减速运动再反向做匀加速运动4．冰壶运动是以团队为单位在冰上进行的一种投掷性竞赛项目，被喻为冰上“国际象棋”，冰壶运动既能考验参赛者的体能与脑力，又能展现动静之美、取舍之智。
如图所示，在某次比赛中冰壶被投出后可视为没有转动的匀减速直线运动，滑行距离为10m，已知冰壶最后1s内的位移大小为0.1m，下列说法中正确的是（）A．冰壶的加速度大小为20.2m/sB．冰壶的初速度大小为2.4m/sC．冰壶被投出后第3s初的速度大小为1.4m/sD．第一个6s与第二个6s内位移之比为3：15．如图所示为固定的半圆形竖直轨道，AB为水平直径，O为圆心，现同时从A、B两点水平相向抛出甲、乙两个小球，其初速度大小分别为1v、2v，且均落在轨道上的C点，已知θ=︒，忽略空气阻力，两小球均可视为质点。
贵州省贵阳市第一中学2015届高考文综合适应性月考卷(四)试卷(扫描版)
贵阳第一中学2015届高考适应性月考卷（四）文科综合参考答案第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共140分）选择题（本大题共35小题，每小题4分，共140分）【解析】1．城市轨道交通的修建能增加城市居民出行交通工具的选择方式，减少城市道路交通负担，故主要目的是为改善城市交通状况，故选A。
2．采取高架方式修建轻轨，可有效保障行车安全，故选B。
3．8月份我国雨带主要位于华北地区与东北地区，故选C。
4．西太副高势力较弱时，夏季风势力较弱而位置偏南，导致南涝北旱，故选A。
5．渭河谷地一带晴旱少雨是因为处于秦岭北侧，为夏季风背风坡，冬季风迎风坡，故选A。
6．水稻、茶树、柑橘为湿热环境下的亚热带及热带地区主要农作物，温带及较为干燥的渭河谷地适宜于小麦与棉花的种植。
故选D。
7．根据降水量水平可判定该地区大致位于我国西北一带，为温带大陆性气候，聚落与人口稠密区大多逐水源条件而去，故连接聚落的交通线也呈现出沿水源分布的特点，故选B。
8．湿润系数为降水量与蒸发量的比值，据图可知降水量大于蒸发量最多是在2月份，故湿润系数最大的一天应在2月份，故选A。
9．风浪的大小取决于风力大小与风向，受半岛地形及海岸走向的影响，夏季烟台位于背风地带，风浪频率较小，故选A。
10．黄河三角洲地区地势低洼，为温带季风气候，春夏旱雨分明，地下水位季节变化大，导致原生盐碱化现象严重。
故选C。
11．遥感技术主要应用于对地表事物的观察，反映地理事物的现状，而无法表现出隐形及动态的信息。
故选B。
12．公有制经济在我国国民经济中占主体地位，非公有制经济是我国社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分，故①错误；在国民经济中起控制力的是国有经济，故③错误；②④表述正确且符合题意，故选C。
13．“加快经济发展步伐，增加财政收入”、“追求效率，增加财富积累，增强综合国力”等做法都侧重强调提高效率，与缩小城乡收入差距、促进社会分配公平无必然联系，故排除③④。
提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重，建立和完善覆盖城乡居民的社会保障体系有利于实现社会公平和提高低收入者的收入，①②符合题意，故选A。
贵州省贵阳市普通中学2024届高三第一次月考-英语试题含解析
贵州省贵阳市普通中学2024届高三第一次月考-英语试题请考生注意：1．请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0．5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。
2．答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Private cars will be required to stay off roads one out of five weekdays ____ the traffic pressure.A．to reduce B．reducing C．reduced D．reduce2．—What’s the recent progress in Xiong’an New Area, first announced two years ago?—It _____ increasing attention from foreign companies given its huge development potential.A．has been attracting B．had attracted C．would be attracting D．was attracting3．If we________ a table in advance, we wouldn't be standing here in the long queue.A．reserve B．reservedC．have reserved D．had reserved4．--It is really fun to hike and I often go hiking in the forest.--But hiking alone in the forest ______ be very dangerous.A．can B．must C．shall D．will5．Abraham set himself up in front of his daughter, hands ________ her hair, and was close to tears, reluctant to tear himself from her.A．to toy with B．toyed with C．toying with D．being toyed with6．Not until they left school________how much their teachers loved them and helped them.A．they realized B．did they realizedC．the would realized D．had they realized7．—Where was I?—You ________ you didn’t like your job.A．had said B．saidC．were saying D．has said8．His brother aims to be __________ of his parents by the time he is twenty.A．innocent B．beneficial C．invisible D．independent9．—Mum, is the pair of gloves ________ mine?—Yes. You have to wear another pair.A．washing B．have washedC．being washed D．having washed10．"We can not afford limited progress. We need rapid progress," Ban said at the Third World Climate Conference in Geneva, by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).A．organized B．being organized C．organizing D．was organized11．Daniel’s family ________ their holiday in Huangshan this time next week.A．are enjoying B．are to enjoy C．will enjoy D．will be enjoying12．—Have you heard ____ news that over 10,000 people lost their lives in the earthquake in Japan?—Not yet．What ____ big surprise!A．the; a B．the; / C．/; / D．/; a13．—Where on earth have they gone?—I have no idea, but I wish I .A．know B．knew C．would know D．would have known14．It was not until she got home____Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.A．when B．thatC．where D．before15．Maybe some of you are curious about what my life was like on the streets because I’ve never really talked about it ______.A．in place B．in turn C．in force D．in depth16．The rising house price and the high income tax rate have become the biggest ______ of the ordinary people in China today．A. concernB. influenceC. involvementD. occupation17．The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us.A．which B．what C．whose D．that18．—Wh at’s wrong with you?—Oh, I am sick. I ________ so much ice cream just now.A．shouldn’t eat B．mustn’t eatC．couldn’t have eaten D．shouldn’t have eaten19．---Let's walk to that village together.---__________. How can we two girls do that in the darkA．I agree with you. B．That's a good point.C．Y ou must be joking！D．That's not your opinion！20．-- -____that he manage to get the information?---Oh，a friend of his helped him.A．Where was it B．What was itC．How was it D．Why was it第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
贵州省贵阳市第一中学2024届高三上学期适应性月考(二)地理试题及答案
地理试卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
在试题卷上作答无效。
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
满分100分，考试用时75分钟。
一、选择题（本大题共16小题，每小题3分，共48分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）渤海是我国四大海域中盐度最低且为北半球冬季纬度最低的大面积结冰海域。
为缓解环渤海地区水资源短缺的压力，我国学者大胆提出了海冰作为淡水资源开发的设想。
图1示意渤海及黄海北部海冰分布范围。
据此完成1～2题。
图11.渤海成为北半球纬度最低的大面积结冰海域，其主要原因是①盐度较低，海水容易结冰②水深较深，海水流动不畅③纬度较高，太阳辐射量少④海域封闭，冬季水温较低A.①④B.②③C.①③D.②④2.渤海海冰资源开发利用途径有A.海冰开采，缓解海平面上升B.海冰覆盖，减缓沿岸盐碱化C.海冰提纯，增加我国盐储备D.海冰销售，增加企业净收入我国内蒙古巴丹吉林沙漠中分布着众多湖泊，每一个湖泊都形成一套独立的生态系统。
其中苏木吉林湖地势低洼，且被周围沙山分水岭圈闭，近年来湖泊面积较稳定。
图2为“苏木吉林湖区湖泊补给量和排泄量动态曲线图”。
据此完成3～5题。
图23.该湖泊的类型和主要补给方式分别是A.咸水湖冰川融水补给B.咸水湖地下水补给C.淡水湖积雪融水补给D.淡水湖雨水补给4.据图推测，该湖面积最大的季节可能是A.春季B.夏季C.秋季D.冬季5.该湖冬季总排泄量较小，最主要的影响因素是A.下渗B.降水C.蒸发D.径流河阶又称堆积坡，是河流下切作用造成河谷斜坡形成的台地地形。
地质灾害的发生（如滑坡）往往会影响河流的侵蚀速率以及河阶地貌的形态。
图3为横断山区金沙江某段河谷阶地剖面图。
据此完成6～8题。
图36.据图判断，T4阶地砾石层形成的过程中A.河流不断侵蚀B.风力不断堆积C.地壳相对稳定D.地壳强烈挤压7.推测某次滑坡事件最可能发生在A. T1之后B. T3之后C. T4之后D. T5之后8.滑坡发生后，河流下切速率一度减缓的原因可能是A.侵蚀基面下降B.上游落差减小C.全球气候暖湿D.河流水量增大圣克鲁斯岛位于加拉帕戈斯群岛的中心，距离南美洲西海岸约1000千米。
贵州省贵阳市第一中学2025届高三上学期高考适应性月考卷(一)语文试题 Word版含解析
A.常民的生活充满诗意、风景，且与自然相配、与人生相合，但当代历史学家关注不多。
B.在许倬云看来，唐朝也是常民生活宽容、幸福的朝代，但与汉朝相比，国家基础不同。
C.人找不到目的、意义，某种程度上可能与今天网络、媒体发达有关，人较难拣选信息。
D.相较于轴心时代，当代人更喜欢寻找答案，而不是给问题做注脚，以致精神空虚苍白。
尤其今天网络、媒体很发达，每个人彼此影响，但是难得有人自己想。听到的信息很多，不一定知道怎么拣选，也不知道人生往哪个方向走。只有失望的人，只有无可奈何之人，会想想我怎么过日子，为什么过日子。顺境里的人不会想这些。
许知远：这种盲目最终会导向一个很大的灾难吗？
许倬云：自古以来人类历史上最重要的阶段，用德国人雅斯贝尔斯的说法，是轴心时代。那个时代冒出一群人来，提出大的问题，多半是提出问题而不是给出答案。那些问题今天还在我们脑子里边。那一批人问的问题，历代都有人跟着想，我们也都在做注脚。可现在对大问题做注脚的人越来越少，因为答案太现成，都像思想上的麦当劳，随手一抓就一个，短暂吃下去，够饱了，不去想了。所以今天物质生活丰富方便，精神上空虚苍白，甚至没有。人这么走下去，也就等于变成活的机器，没有自己了。
许倬云：汉朝。汉朝国家的基础放在农村。真正讲起来，唐朝也不错，可唐朝的基础不在农村，而在商业道路上。历史上，中国面对一波一波游牧民族的侵略，欧洲也面对一波一波骑射民族的侵略，为什么中国站得住，他们站不住？
地理条件是一个原因，中国的长江黄河之间有一大块完完整整的土地，农业发展快，村子挨村子，一大片，坚实得很。黄河长江下面是湖泊河流区，再下面是沿海河流的灌溉平原，这三片形成一整块。这扎扎实实一大块，是世界最大块的农耕地区，最精致的精耕细作，这个便是中国的本钱。所以现在人为加快的城市化（毁掉农村）是不智之举。发达到一定的地步，城市化自然会出现。城市富，城市强，但城市是不固定的，人口是流动的，农村稳定、安全。
贵州省贵阳市第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期适应性月考(一)地理试题(含答案)
地理试卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
在试题卷上作答无效。
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
满分100分，考试用时75分钟。
一、选择题(本大题共16小题，每小题3分，共48分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的)2024年6月25日14时，嫦娥六号返回器携带来自月背的月球样品(主要是月壤和岩石)安全着陆在内蒙古四子王旗预定区域，标志着探月工程嫦娥六号任务取得圆满成功。
据此完成1~3题。
1.与月壤形成关联度最大的是A. 温度B. 湿度C. 气压D. 地形2. 嫦娥六号返回器安全着陆地面时纽约(40°43'N,74°W) 的地方时大致为A.6 月24日20时B.6 月24日18时C.6 月25日5时D.6 月25日1时3.内蒙古四子王旗航天着陆场的主要区位优势有①地势平坦开阔②地表坚硬、没有大河流③全年干燥少雨，空气能见度高④交通便利A.①②③B.①②④C.②③④D.①③④夏威夷岛是太平洋夏威夷群岛中的最大岛，美国夏威夷州的一部分，岛上多火山，图1为夏威夷岛地图。
据此完成4~6题。
150°W20°N▲山地0 37km比例尺图 14. 该岛位于北京A. 西南方B.西北方C. 东南方D. 东北方5. 一架飞机从北京沿最短航线飞向夏威夷岛，其飞行方向为A. 先东南后东北B.先东北后东南C. 先西南后西北D. 先西北后西南6. 图1中两山地的直线距离大致是A.40kmB.20kmC.10kmD.50km图2示意我国西北某山地植被的分布状况，图中相邻等高线之间高差均为100米。
读 图，完成7~8题。
植被密集区等高线图2 7. 植被生长与土壤水分条件相关，图中植被密集区位于A. 山麓B. 山脊 C. 山谷 D. 山顶 .8.图示区域内南、北两侧最大高差可能是A.635 米B.578 米C.420 米D.855 米巴黎奥组委3月8日正式向外界公布，2024年巴黎奥运会将于北京时间7月27日凌 晨1时30分开幕，开幕式将在塞纳河上举行。
贵州省贵阳市第一中学2018届高三上学期适应性月考(一)英语试题
贵州省贵阳市第一中学2018届高三上学期适应性月考（一）英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读选择When I was little, my grandfather would pick me up after school and take care of me until my parents came home. Every day I looked forward to being with Grandpa.If it was a fine day, he would take me to the park where he told me the names of the flowers and trees. Sometimes, we would go shopping together. He would push the cart and I would help him get things off the shelves. He always found ways to involve me in what he was doing. I was his “little helper”. Grandpa taught me to care about the world by having me help with the gardening. He watered the trees and bushes, while I watered the flowers. We fed the birds. He showed me that if you were really quiet and stayed still, the birds would come up to you. I still love feeding birds and never understand people who get so wrapped up in owning a home that they don’t stop to care for the surrounding wildlife.For an after-school snack, my grandfather would give me boiled potatoes and carrots with a little bit of butter on them or he would cut up some fresh fruit for me. My mother was so strict that she held that I must finish my homework as soon as I got home from school. Grandpa thought it was more important to relax, so he would let me watch one show first. He had his way and the way worked. And he said, “Were I you, I wouldn’t tell your mother, or you won’t have time to relax.” Whenever I left a room, Grandpa would remind me to turn off the light to save electricity. My grandpa was a devoted family man. He helped my parents through really tough financial times.Grandpa passed away when I was 10. I love him and he will live in my heart forever and always.1．We can learn from this passage that .A．the writer was attached to her grandpaB．the writer lived with her grandpa as a little girlC．the writer’s grandpa died when she was grown-upD．the writer’s grandpa finally moved to live with her parents2．The writer’s experiences in the garden made her .A．help her grandpa a lot when he was busyB．get the idea of protecting the wildlifeC．know vegetables were difficult to plantD．become a gardener when she grew up3．Why did the writer’s grandpa tell her not to tell her mom the truth?A．Because he was afraid that she would punish the writer.B．Because he wanted the writer to know about TV shows.C．Because he was afraid that she would get angry with him.D．Because he wanted to let the writer relax before studying.4．The writer refers to the experience of turning off the light to show . A．grandpa made her develop a good habitB．grandpa tried his best to save moneyC．she was too forgetful to remember thatD．she was careless when she was youngGames have already become a good companion for people. Whether kids or adults, they prefer to spend their spare time in playing games. Why are games so popular? Firstly, they can attract people easily and secondly, they are east to upgrade(升级). Each day, thousands of games come out. And no matter which kind of game you like, there is always a game that suits you. Now when people meet, they would like to talk about the newest games.Here are the hottest new games for girls. They are Didi games. 80 percent of girls like dressing-up games. There are varieties of dressing-up games in Didi. The leading roles of them also vary from common girls to princesses. If you are lucky enough, you can be dressed up as the famous stars you admire. At the same time, wedding dressing-up games can also be found. Whether you admit it or not, all girls like things related to wedding, so most girls like to be dressed up as brides.In order to attract kids’ attention, many games choose fairies(精灵) as the leading roles, for fairies are really alluring to girls. Maybe the magic wands(魔杖) of the fairies really have supernatural powers(超自然力量). There are various kinds of Didi fairy games, such as Fairy of Water, Catching Flowers Contest, Winter Garden Fairy, etc.Cooking games are also girls’ favorite games. Making a cake, soup or oth er delicious food is a category of simple games. There are also complicated ones, for example, preparing a dinner. It is more challenging but most girls like challenges. Another category of games whichattracts people must be the games related to farms. Why are they so popular? Because the games can let people enjoy the fun as farmers. There are also farm animals that kids like very much. Here you can build your own farms. Also you can experience the life of farmers. 5．What is the reason why many people like games according to the author?A．Games are usually easy to playB．Playing games helps people learn a lotC．Players can update their games easily and they are attracter easilyD．There are many kinds of games that suit everyone6．What can we learn about Didi games?A．The fairies are the leading roles in the gamesB．They have been famous for several yearsC．They are the most popular games among girlsD．They are all about traditional dresses7．What kinds of games do all the girls enjoy in the author’s opinion?A．Cooking games like making a soupB．The games that are about weddingsC．Games that let them enjoy the country lifeD．The games related to magic wands8．The underlined word “alluring” in Paragraph 3 probably means “”.A．confusing B．annoyingC．challenging D．fascinatingA beach town in the US state of New Jersey recently passed a ban o trousers, jeans and shorts that hang less than 3 inches below the hips(臀部) for an excuse of being unfriendly to others’ eyes. But besides those low-hanging pants, here are some other items of popular travel clothing that may also need to be banned.Thai Fisherman Pants: These lightweight cotton pants, wide in the waist and originally designed for Thai fishermen, are popular among men and women due to their comfort, ability to last long and relative ease of wearing. But the bad news is that wearing these pants isn’t the way to be respected in Bangkok.“Wearing them to wander around the town is considered ’low class’ (even if we don’t say it out loudly),” wrote a local Bangkok woman, who called herself “Beebah” on line. “It’s betterto dress ‘respectable’ if you want to be treated well. Even a T-shirt and shorts are better than fisherman pants and tight sleeveless shirts. If you really love them, wear them at home.”T-shirts with slogans: Wearing T-shirts with slogans in the local language on them may seem cool to some young tourists who are swept up in the excitement of being in a foreign country for the first time. But be careful as they could be some meaningless words and make you look really stupid. What’s worse, some slogan T-shirts are political--you might get yourself into trouble without even knowing about it.Croce(洞洞鞋): Comfortable and easy to slip on and off, Crocs have been go-to-beach shoes for many tourists. But we must admit that these holey plastic shoes are deadly ugly in every way. “Supporters would hold that the comfort of the Crocs is over their looks, but Babyclothes are comfortable, too. Your don’t feel the need to walk around in them, do you?” said a friend of mine.9．Why are Thai Fisherman Pants popular?A．Because they are beautiful and fashionableB．Because they are cheap, fashionable and easy to be madeC．Because they are comfortable, lasting and easy to wearD．Because they are respectable and handsome10．According to the local Bangkok woman who called herself “Beebah” online, . A．one should never wear Thai Fisherman PantsB．one should never walk in a T-shirt or shortsC．Thai Fisherman Pants aren’t proper in publicD．the local people don’t like Thai Fisherman Pants11．According to the passage before wearing a T-shirt with slogans, you should make sure . A．the words are in the local languageB．you know the meaning of the wordsC．it is the most popular at the momentD．the words have something to do with politics12．The author’s friend’s attitude to the Crocs is .A．supportive B．disappointedC．interested D．criticalWhy Do Dogs Watch--and React to--TV?Domestic dogs can perceive images on television similarly to the way we do, and they are intelligent enough to recognize onscreen images of animals as they would in real life-even animals they’ve never seen before-and to recognize TV dog sounds, like barking.A 2013 study published in the journal Animal Cognition showed that dogs could identify images of other dogs among pictures of humans and other animals, using their visual sense alone.However, there are some differences between ourselves and man's best friend-for one, dogs' eyes register images more quickly than do ours. So older television sets, which show fewer frames(帧数) per second than modern televisions, would appear to a dog to be flickering(忽隐忽现的) like a "1920s movie," said Nicholas Dodman, a veterinary behaviorist(动物行为学家) at Tufts University, in Massachusetts.Dogs also have dichromatic vision, which means they see a range of two primary colors, yellow and blue. Human vision is trichromatic, so we see the full range of colors, according to Binghamton University's Ask a Scientist web page.DogTV, an HDTV cable channel designed for dogs, interests canines(犬) because HDTV has a much higher number of frames per second and is specially colored to accommodate dogs' dichromatic vision, said Dodman, who is the channel's chief scientist.DogTV has modes for relaxation, which shows images like dogs recreate themselves in a grassy field; stimulation, which depicts scenes like dogs surfing in southern California; and exposure which shows things like a dog reacting to a ringing doorbell and obeying commands to adapt to such situations at home.13．What is the finding of dogs from the journal Animal Cognition?A．Onscreen images of animals can be recognized easily by dogsB．TV dog sounds source has been foundC．Images of other dogs among pictures of humans and other animals could be identified easily D．Dogs could only distinguish two colors14．How many kinds of TV modes for dogs are mentioned in the passage?A．One B．TwoC．Three D．Five15．What does the underlined word “dichromatic” in Paragraph 4 mean?A．Obvious B．AdvancedC．Multi-colored D．Two-colored二、七选五We know that sometimes studying a new language can be hard work but it can be fun too--and if we can make our learning experience fun, then we will learn better. So here are some more of our top tips for making studying fun.Firstly,16．--make sure your chair is suitable and it’s at the right height for the desk. Make sure you have good ventilation(空气流通) and light and the space you’re in isn’t too hot--you don’t want to fall asleep! And put away anything that might distract you, like your smartphone.Rather than just staring at books and being passive,17．. Why not record yourself and listen back to yourself speaking or reading out information. Or you could turn facts into songs and sing them out loud--this is sure to make information stick in your head!18．--flashcards are very useful because they provide visual clues that help you remember things. You could also stick words, grammar rules and other bits of information on notes around your study space or other places around your house--so for example, you can read them when brushing your teeth!Don’t feel daunted by the amount of studying you have to do.19．. Study in small bursts and vary the topics you study so you don’t get bored and you stop retaining information. If you can, choose a time of day that best suits your natural preference. Some people work best at night while others work best early in the morning.Finally, don’t overdo it--know your limits--if you study too hard it won’t be fun and you won’t absorb information.20．--and give yourself a small reward when you do.A．try to become an active learnerB．So care your mental and physical healthC．get comfortableD．So take regular breaksE.Also be creativeF.And don’t try to study continuously all day to fit it all inG.But you can focus on some entertainments三、完形填空In order to change the way Americans think about their trash footprint, Rob Greenfield is going to live like the average American for one month. He’ll eat, shop, and consume just likethe average American who 21 4.5 pounds of trash per day. He has to 22 every piece of trash he creates. That’s nearly 140 pounds23 the end of the month(almost his body weight)! Every coffee cup, plastic bag, pizza box, every single piece of trash be creates will be on his 24 , everywhere he goes.The idea behind Bob’s “TrashMe” project is to show people the25 effects of trash. Most people 26 think about how much waste they are producing every month. They just 27 their garbage bags, put them in the bin and 28 someone to pick them up. But what if they came face to face with a walking, talking 29 of overconsumption? That might get them thinking about the world’s30 trash problem and maybe even get them to 31 the amount of trash they generate.To make himself 32 to a wider audience, Greenfield has 33 a nonprofit film studio LivingOne to create a six-episode TrashMe web-series. He promised to deliver “a visual of 34 that Americans will never forget.”Rob’s35 adventure began on September 19th, and will end on October 19th. Three days in, he has already put on about 8 pounds, just a little bit 36 the trash that the average American produces in that time. But 30 days later, he will have put on over 130 pounds of trash. If you’re wondering 37 on Earth he’s going to carry all that garbage around, you should know that he will be wearing a custom-made trash suit to 38 around 135 pounds of trash. Still, that’s39 his own body weight, so it’s not going to be40 to move around. 21．A．consumes B．digests C．saves D．produces22．A．have on B．deal with C．stand for D．get rid of23．A．in B．on C．by D．from24．A．way B．body C．behalf D．mind25．A．negative B．positive C．cumulative D．creative26．A．never B．ever C．always D．just27．A．divide B．separate C．seal D．throw28．A．ask for B．send for C．look for D．wait for29．A．display B．model C．experiment D．experience 30．A．decreasing B．growing C．reducing D．moving31．A．record B．prevent C．limit D．stop32．A．famous B．powerful C．heard D．visible33．A．teamed up with B．kept up with C．put up with D．come up with34．A．pollution B．trash C．dresses D．bags35．A．normal B．necessary C．unique D．strange36．A．behind B．beyond C．over D．under37．A．when B．where C．what D．how38．A．choose B．hold C．control D．charge39．A．casually B．roughly C．possible D．usually40．A．boring B．difficult C．easy D．interesting四、用单词的适当形式完成短文About 25 million people play soccer in the U.S.,41．is almost 10% of the total population. Many of these players are young people, and soccer’s42．(popular) has grown over the years in part because children as young as five years old can play on43．(organize) teams.44．contrast, most baseball and basketball leagues don’t start until ages seven45．eight. Also, most parents want to sign their kids up for soccer teams because the sports46．(consider) very sage,47．(like) baseball and basketball. Most48．(importance), the culture of youth soccer in America places greater importance on teamwork than being49．(compete). Because of this, players of all skill levels are able to be part of50．team.五、短文改错51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
贵州省贵阳市第一中学2024届高三上学期高考适应性月考(二)语文试卷及答案
贵阳第一中学2024届高考适应性月考卷（二）注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
在试题卷上作答无效。
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
满分１５０分，考试用时１５０分钟。
一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)现代文阅读Ⅰ(本题共5小题,19分)阅读下面的文字，完成1~5题。
材料一：中国文化源远流长，儒家思想是传统文化中的集大成者。
中庸之道是儒家思想追求的最高人生境界。
《礼记·中庸》对中庸的解释为“喜怒哀乐之未发谓之中，发而皆中节谓之和；中也者，天下之大本也，和也者，天下之达道也。
致中和，天地位焉，万物育焉。
”儒家文化把“中和”看成天下最高明的道理。
“中和”就是不偏不倚，追求稳定与和谐。
其本质在于承认不同事物之间的差异存在，将各种对立的因素相互联系、取长补短、相得益彰，在多样性和矛盾性中去寻求一种和谐与统一。
他们的力量被折中、被中和，且具辩证统一的思想。
对待事物而言，强调含蓄平和。
孔子在《论语·八佾》中提出“乐而不淫，哀而不伤”，强调过犹不及。
儒家推崇平和含蓄，反对情感上的大喜大悲。
《尚书·舜典》的“直而温，宽而栗，刚而不虐，简而不傲”可视为“中和之美”观念的全面深刻解读。
孔子提倡“文质彬彬”、荀子的“美善相乐”、《礼记·经解》的“温柔敦厚”等在人的行为与人格风范上的体现就是不走极端，恰到好处。
中庸必然派生并导致“中和”美学，“中和之美”是儒家中庸思想在美学范畴的延伸。
孔子评论《诗经》时说“《诗》三百，一言以蔽之，曰‘思无邪’”。
无邪，就是达到适度中和的审美境界，是中和之美的具体表现。
可见孔子的文艺思想是以“中和”为美。
“中和为美”已不再局限于儒家诗教的狭义范围，不仅是人生追求的最高境界，同时也成为山水画艺术创作追求的最高审美境界。
贵州省贵阳第一中学2023届高三上学期高考适应性月考卷(二)数学(理)试题(解析版)
秘密★启用前理科数学试卷注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚．2．每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号．在试题卷上作答无效．3．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．满分150分，考试用时120分钟．一、选择题（本大题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）1.复数z 满足()13i 5z -=，则z 在复平面内对应的点位于（）A.第一象限B.第二象限C.第三象限D.第四象限【答案】D 【解析】【分析】根据复数的除法运算法则化简复数得13i 22z =+，进而得其共轭，即可根据复数的几何意义得对应点的象限.【详解】由()13i 5z -=，得()513i 513i13i 1022z +===+-，13i 22z =-，故z 在复平面内所对应的点为13,22⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭，在第四象限，故选:D ．2.设集合11A x x ⎧⎫=≥⎨⎬⎩⎭，{21x B x =≥，则A B = （）A.[)0,∞+ B.[]0,1 C.(]0,1 D.[)0,1【答案】C 【解析】【分析】先求出集合,A B ，再由交集的定义即可得出答案.【详解】{}111001x A xx x x x x ⎧⎫⎧⎫-=≥=≤=<≤⎨⎬⎨⎬⎩⎭⎩⎭，{}{}{}021220x x B x x x x =≥=≥=≥，所以A B ⋂{}(]010,1x x =<≤=，故选：C ．3.设a ，b 为两条不同的直线，α，β为两个不同的平面，则下列结论正确的是（）A.若//a b ，//b α，则//a αB.若//a b ，//a α，b β//，则//a βC.若a b ⊥r r，a α⊥，b β//，则αβ⊥ D.若a α⊥，//b α，则a b⊥r r【答案】D 【解析】【分析】根据线面平行的判定定理和性质，结合面面平行、垂直的判定定理逐一判断即可．【详解】解：对于A ：若//a b ，//b α则//a α或a α⊂，故A 错误；对于B ：若//a b ，//a α，b β//，则//a β或a β⊂，故B 错误；对于C ：若a b ⊥r r，a α⊥，b β//，则αβ⊥或//αβ或α与β相交（不垂直），故C 错误；对于D ：由线面垂直的性质定理可知，若a α⊥，//b α，则a b ⊥r r，故D 正确；故选：D ．4.在2022年北京冬奥会开幕式上，二十四节气倒计时惊艳亮相，与节气相配的14句古诗词，将中国人独有的浪漫传达给了全世界．我国古代天文学和数学著作《周髀算经》中记载：一年有二十四个节气，每个节气的晷长损益相同（晷是按照日影测定时刻的仪器，晷长即为所测量影子的长度），二十四节气及晷长变化如图所示，相邻两个节气晷长减少或增加的量相同，周而复始．已知立夏的晷长为4.5尺，处暑的晷长为5.5尺，则夏至所对的晷长为（）A.1.5尺B.2.5尺C.3.5尺D.4.5尺【答案】A 【解析】【分析】利用等差数列的定义即可求解.【详解】设相邻两个节气晷长减少或增加的量为()0d d >，则夏至到处暑增加4d ，立夏到夏至减少3d ，夏至的晷长为x ，则4 5.54.53x d d x +=⎧⎨-=⎩，解得11.5d x =⎧⎨=⎩，故选:A ．5.若实数x ，y 满足约束条件020220x y x y x y -≤⎧⎪+-≥⎨⎪-+≥⎩，则2z x y =+的最小值为（）A.6-B.1- C.2D.4【答案】C 【解析】【分析】根据约束条件得可行域，根据目标函数的几何意义即可求解最值.【详解】根据约束条件画出可行域如图所示，作出直线2y x z =-+，可知z 要取最小值，即直线经过点A ，解方程组20220x y x y +-=⎧⎨-+=⎩得()0,2A ，所以min 2022z =⨯+=，故选：C ．6.如图，在直角梯形ABCD 中，AD BC ∥，AB BC ⊥，2AD =，3BC =，P 是线段AB 上的动点，则2PC PD +的最小值为（）A.5B.5C.35D.7【答案】D 【解析】【分析】如图，以B 点为坐标原点，建立平面直角坐标系，所以()0,P x ，()3,0C ，()2,D a ，分别表示出()3,PC x =- ，()2,PD a x =-，再由向量的模长公式代入即可得出答案.【详解】如图，以B 点为坐标原点，建立平面直角坐标系，设AB a =，()0BP x x a =≤≤，因为2AD =，3BC =，所以()0,P x ，()3,0C ，()2,D a ，所以()3,PC x =- ，()2,PD a x =-，()24,22PD a x =- ，所以()27,23PC PD a x +=-，所以()2249237PC PD a x +=+- ，所以当230a x -=，即23x a =时，2PC PD +的最小值为7，故选：D．7.已知π2sin 44α⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭，则sin 1tan αα-的值为（）A.34-B.34C.316-D.316【答案】A 【解析】【分析】根据正弦的和差角公式可得1sin cos 2αα-=，平方可得3sin cos 8αα=，进而化切为弦即可求解.【详解】由πsin 44α⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭，得()22sin cos 24αα-=，∴1sin cos 2αα-=，所以112sin c 4os αα-=，∴3sin cos 8αα=，所以sin sin sin cos 3sin 1tan cos sin 41cos ααααααααα===----，故选：A ．8.开学典礼上甲、乙、丙、丁、戊这5名同学从左至右排成一排上台领奖，要求甲与乙相邻且甲与丙之间恰好有1名同学的排法有（）种．A.12B.16C.20D.24【答案】C 【解析】【分析】甲乙丙是三个特殊元素，分类讨论甲与丙之间为乙与甲与丙之间不是乙的两种情况，利用捆绑法即可求得所求排法总数.【详解】若甲与丙之间为乙，即乙在甲、丙中间且三人相邻，共有22A 2=种情况，将三人看成一个整体，与丁戊两人全排列，共有33A 6=种情况，则此时有2612⨯=种排法；若甲与丙之间不是乙，先从丁、戊中选取1人，安排在甲、丙之间，有12C 2=种选法，此时乙在甲的另一侧，将四人看成一个整体，考虑之前的顺序，有22A 2=种情况，将这个整体与剩下的1人全排列，有22A 2=种情况，此时有2228⨯⨯=种排法，所以总共有12820+=种情况符合题意.故选：C ．9.已知随机变量()2~2,N ξσ，且()()11P P a ξξ=-≤≥，则()190x a x a x+<<-的最小值为（）A.9B.6C.4D.2【答案】C 【解析】【分析】根据正态分布的对称性即可求解4a =，进而根据基本不等式乘“1”法即可求解.【详解】由随机变量()2~2,N ξσ，则正态分布的曲线的对称轴为2ξ=，又因为()()11P P a ξξ=-≤≥，所以()114a +-=，所以4a =．当04x <<时，190,04x x>>-,所以有()41919491102104444444x x x x x x x x x x +--+⎛⎫⎛⎫+=+⨯=++⨯ ⎪ ⎪---⎝⎭⎝⎭≥，当且仅当494x xx x-=-，即1x =时等号成立，故最小值为4，故选:C ．10.设函数()e ,0πsin ,0π3x x x f x x x ω⎧+<⎪=⎨⎛⎫-≤≤ ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎩，有4个不同的零点，则正实数ω的取值范围为（）A.710,33⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭B.7,3⎛⎤+∞⎥⎝⎦C.10,3⎛⎫-∞ ⎪⎝⎭D.710,33⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦【答案】A 【解析】【分析】根据函数的单调性及零点存在定理可得当0x <时函数有一个零点，然后根据三角函数的图象和性质即得.【详解】当0x <时，()e xf x x =+单调递增，且()1011e f --=<-，()010f =>，故0x <有一个零点，所以当0πx ≤≤时，函数()sin 3f x x πω⎛⎫=-⎪⎝⎭有3个零点，令()0f x =，即ππ3x k ω-=，Z k ∈，解得3ππk x ω+=，由题可得区间[]0,π内的3个零点分别是0k =，1，2取得，所以π即在2k =和3k =之间，即ππ2π3π33πωω++<≤，解得71033ω≤<.故选：A ．11.已知1F ，2F 分别为椭圆E ：()222210x y a b a b+=>>的左、右焦点，E 上存在两点A ，B使得梯形12AF F B 的高为c （其中c 为半焦距），且123AF BF =，则E 的离心率为（）A.3B.3C.2D.13【答案】A 【解析】【分析】根据123AF BF =，可得12AF BF ∥，则1AF ，2BF 为梯形12AF F B 的两条底边，作21F P AF ⊥于点P ，所以2PF c =，则可求得1230PF F ∠=︒，再结合123AF BF =，建立,,a b c 的关系即可得出答案.【详解】如图，因为123AF BF =，所以12AF BF ∥，则1AF ，2BF 为梯形12AF F B 的两条底边，作21F P AF ⊥于点P ，则21F P AF ⊥，因为梯形12AF F B 的高为c ，所以2PF c =，在12Rt F PF 中，122F F c =，则即1230PF F ∠=︒．设1AF x =，则22AF a x =-，在22221121122cos30AF AF F F AF F F =+-︒，即()22224a x x c -=+-，解得21AF x ==，同理22BF x ==，又123AF BF =32332a c +=，即2a =，所以3c e a ==.故选：A．12.在给出的①eln 33<；②129e ln 32<；③0.2e ln 3<三个不等式中，正确的个数为（）A.0个B.1个C.2个D.3个【答案】B 【解析】【分析】构造函数()ln xf x x=，根据导数判断单调性，可判断①；由32e 3=>，根据函数()f x 的单调性，可得()()23e f f <，进而判断②；由函数()f x 的单调性可得1ln 3e 3>，进而ln 30.43>，即1.2ln 3>，再构造()e 1xg x x =--，根据函数的单调性可得0.2e 1.2>，进而判断③.【详解】令()ln x f x x =，则()21ln xf x x-'=，所以0e x <<时，()0f x ¢>，即()f x 在()0,e 上单调递增，当e x >时，()0f x '<，即()f x 在()e,+∞上单调递减；可得()()e 3f f >，即ln e ln 3eln 33e 3>⇒<，故①正确；因为32e 3=>，所以()32e 3f f ⎛⎫< ⎪⎝⎭，即3232ln e ln 33e <，所以33223ln e e ln 3<，即329e ln 32>，故②错误；再令()e 1xg x x =--，则()e 1xg x '=-，所以当0x >时，()0g x '>，即()g x 在()0,∞+上单调递增，所以()()00g x g >=，则()0.20.2e0.210g =-->，即0.2e 1.2>．又10.4e>，e 3<，所以()()e 3f f >，即ln e ln 3e 3>，即1ln 3e 3>，所以ln 30.43>，即1.2ln 3>，所以0.2e 1.2ln 3>>，即0.2e ln 3>，故③错误；故选：B ．二、填空题（本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分）13.已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，若11a =，12n n a S +=+，则6S =___________．【答案】94【解析】【分析】由12n n a S +=+，可得当2n ≥时，12n n a S -=+，两式相减可证得数列{}n a 是以23a =为首项，公比为2的等比数列，可求出{}n a 的通项公式，即可求出6S .【详解】由已知，11a =，12n n a S +=+①，当1n =时，211223a S a =+=+=，当2n ≥时，12n n a S -=+②，①－②得：1n n n a a a +-=，整理得：12n n a a +=，即()122n na n a +=≥，所以数列{}n a 是以23a =为首项，公比为2的等比数列，所以()22*22322,n n n a a n n --=⋅=⋅∈N ≥，所以21,132,2n n n a n -=⎧=⎨⋅≥⎩，*n ∈N ，所以6S =()234131222294+⨯++++=．故答案为：94.14.已知向量()1,1a = ，()1,b m =- ，若a b + 与b的夹角为60°，则m =___________．【答案】33【解析】【分析】根据向量数量积的坐标运算，根据夹角公式即可求解.【详解】由题意得()0,1a b m +=+，故()1cos ,02a b b a b b a b b +⋅+<+>==>+⋅，解得33m =±，由于()100m m m +>Þ>或1m <-，故33m =-不合题意，舍去，故33m =．故答案为：3315.如图，经过坐标原点O 且互相垂直的两条直线AC 和BD 与圆2242200x y x y +-+-=相交于A ，C ，B ，D 四点，则四边形ABCD 面积的最大值为___________．【答案】45【解析】【分析】根据圆中的弦长公式可得AC=,BD =，结合222125d d OM +==以及二次函数的性质即可求解最值.【详解】由题设()()222125x y -++=，则圆心()2,1M -，半径=5r，OM ==,若圆心()2,1M -到直线AC ，BD 的距离12,,dd 则1d ，2d ⎡∈⎣且222125d d OM +==，则AC=,BD =而12ABCD S AC BD =，所以ABCD S =令[]222150,5t dd ==-∈，则ABCDS ==，当52t =，即122d d ==时，四边形ABCD 面积的最大值45．故答案为：4516.如图,在棱长为4的正方体1111ABCD A B C D 中,已知点P 为棱1AA 上靠近于点1A 的四等分点,点Q 为棱CD 上一动点．若M 为平面1D PQ 与平面11ABB A 的公共点,N 为平面1D PQ 与平面ABCD 的公共点,且点M ,N 都在正方体的表面上,则由所有满足条件的点M ,N构成的区域的面积之和为___________．【答案】372【解析】【分析】把平面1D PQ 与平面11ABB A 和平面ABCD 的交线画出，从运动的观点观察即可获解.【详解】过点P 作1//PK D Q 交AB 于点K则平面1D PQ 平面11ABB A PK =,平面1D PQ 平面ABCD QK =所以M 构成的区域为Q 运动到C 点时的PAKN 构成的区域为Q 运动到C 点时的梯形AKQD此时193322PAK S =⨯⨯= (43)4142AKQD S +⨯==梯形所以M ,N 构成的区域的面积之和为9371422+=故答案为：372三、解答题（共70分．解答题应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤）17.已知△ABC 中的三个内角A ，B ，C 所对的边分别为a ，b ，c ，角B 为钝角，且3sin 2cos 6sin 2A a B B π⎛⎫+=⎪⎝⎭．（1）求角B 的大小；（2）若点D 在AC 边上，满足AC 3AD =，且3AB =，2BD =，求BC 边的长．【答案】（1）23B π=（2）6【解析】【分析】（1）由正弦定理边角关系得22sin cos 2sin sin cos sin A B B A B B B A -=，根据三角形内角的性质求得tan 2B =，即可确定B 的大小；（2）由23BD BC CA =+ 1233BC BA =+ ，根据已知及向量数量积的运算律，列方程求BC的模长即可.【小问1详解】cos sin()63B B ππ⎛⎫+=- ⎪⎝⎭由已知，得：2sin 2sin sin 3a B B A π⎛⎫-=⎪⎝⎭，则314sin cos cos sin sin 22a B B B B A ⎛⎫-= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭．由正弦定理，22sin cos 2sin sin cos sin A B B A B B B A -=，∵A ，()0,B π∈，故sin sin 0A B ≠，∴22sin cos B B B -=2sin 2B B =，即tan 2B =∵,2B ππ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭，则()2,2B ππ∈，∴423B π=，即23B π=．【小问2详解】由题意，得BD BC CD =+．∵AC 3AD =，∴()22123333BD BC CA BC BA BC BC BA =+=+-=+，∴222212144339BD BC BA BC BA BC BA ⎛⎫⎛⎫=+=+⋅+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭ ．∵23B π=，3AB =，2BD =，∴212434cos4993BC BC π⎛⎫=+⨯⋅+⨯ ⎪⎝⎭ ，∴260BC BC -=，0BC ≠ ，则6BC = ，∴6BC =．18.如图，在直三棱柱111ABC A B C -中，△ABC 是以BC 为斜边的等腰直角三角形，1AA tAB =，点D ，E 分别为棱BC ，11B C上的中点．（1）求证：AD //平面1A EB ；（2）若二面角1C AD C --的大小为3π，求实数t 的值．【答案】（1）证明见解析（2）62t =【解析】【分析】（1）根据平行四边形可得线线平行，根据线面平行的判定定理即可求证，（2）根据面面垂直得线面垂直，进而根据几何法可得二面角的平面角，进而根据直角三角形的边角关系即可求解，或者建立空间直角坐标系，根据空间向求解二面角.【小问1详解】点D ，E 分别为BC ，11B C 的中点，在直三棱柱111ABC A B C -中，11AA BB ∥，11AA BB =，所以四边形11BB A A 为平行四边形，连接DE ，则1DE BB ∥，1DE BB =，所以1DE AA ∥，1DE AA =，所以四边形1DEA A 是平行四边形，所以1AD A E ∥．又因为AD ⊄平面1A EB ，1A E ⊂平面1A EB ，所以AD ∥平面1A EB ．【小问2详解】方法一：在平面ABC 内，过点C 作AD 的垂线，由ABC 为等腰直角三角形知垂足为D ，由于平面11BB C C ⊥平面ABC ,且交线为BC ,由于AD BC,AD ^Ì平面ABC ,所以AD ⊥平面11BB C C ,1DC ⊂平面11BB C C ,故1AD DC ⊥,又CD AD ⊥,则1C DC ∠为二面角1C AD C --的平面角，即1π3C DC ∠=，在等腰直角三角形ABC 中，不妨设2AB =，1AA h =，则CD =，在1Rt C DC 中，11tan CC C DC CD∠==，∴1CC =，∴2t =．方法二：1AA ⊥平面ABC ，又90BAC ∠=︒，以{}1,,AB AC AA为正交基底建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系A -xyz，设2AB =，1AA h =，则CD =，则()0,0,0A ，()1,1,0D ，()10,2,C h ，所以()1,1,0AD = ，()10,2,AC h =．设平面1AC D 的一个法向量为()1,,n x y z =，由11100200n AC x y y hz n AD ⎧⋅=+=⎧⎪⇒⎨⎨+=⋅=⎩⎪⎩，取x h =，得()1,,2n h h =- ，又平面ADC 的一个法向量为()20,0,1n =，因为二面角1C AD C --的大小为π3，所以1212π1cos 32n n n n⋅==．12=，0h >，∴h =，∴2t =．19.某中学为增强学生的环保意识，举办了“爱贵阳，护环境”的知识竞赛活动，为了解本次知识竞赛活动参赛学生的成绩，从中抽取了n 名学生的分数（得分取正整数，满分为100分，所有学生的得分都在区间[]50,100中）作为样本进行统计，按照[)50,60，[)60,70，[)70,80，[)80,90，[]90,100，的分组作出如图甲所示的频率分布直方图，并作出如图乙的样本分数茎叶图（图中仅列出了得分在[)50,60，[)60,70的数据）．（1）求样本容量n 和频率分布直方图中x ，y 的值；（2）在选取的样本中，从竞赛成绩不低于80分的2组学生中按分层抽样抽取了5名学生，再从抽取的这5名学生中随机抽取2名学生到观山湖公园参加环保知识宣传活动，设抽到的学生成绩在[)80,90的人数为X ，将样本频率视为概率，求X 的概率分布列及期望．【答案】（1）40n =，0.0025x =，0.0400y =（2）分布列见解析；65【解析】【分析】（1）结合频率分布直方图与茎叶图分数在同区间中的频率与频数，可求得所求；（2）利用频率分布直方图分别求出分数在[)80,90与[]90,100的学生人数，从而求得在两区间抽取出的学生人数，再利用古典概型与组合数求得X 的分布列与期望.【小问1详解】由直方图可知，分数在[)60,70中的频率为0.0075100.075⨯=，根据茎叶图可知，分数在[)60,70中的频数为3，所以样本容量3400.075n ==，根据茎叶图可知，分数在[)50,60中的频数为1，所以分数在[)50,60中的频率为10.02540=，所以由100.025x =得0.0025x =，再由()0.00250.00750.03000.0200101y ++++⨯=，得0.0400y =，所以40n =，0.0025x =，0.0400y =．【小问2详解】由题意，本次竞赛成绩样本中分别在[)80,90中的学生有400.031012⨯⨯=名，分数在[]90,100中的学生有400.02108⨯⨯=名，抽取分数在[)80,90中的学生有1253128⨯=+名，抽取分数在[]90,100中的学生有852128⨯=+名，由题可知，X 的所有取值有0，1，2，()023225C C 10C 10P X ===，()113225C C 631C 105P X ====，()203225C C 32C 10P X ===，所以，X 的分布列为：X 012P11035310∴()1336012105105E X =⨯+⨯+⨯=．20.已知椭圆C ：()222210x y a b a b +=>>的离心率为22，F 为椭圆C 的右焦点，M 为椭圆上的点，若|MF |的最小值为2．（1）求椭圆C 的方程；（2）若圆E ：()2211x y -+=的切线l 与椭圆C 交于A ，B 两点，求△FAB 面积的最大值．【答案】（1）22184x y +=;（2）4.【解析】【分析】（1）根据椭圆离心率及|MF |的最小值列方程求解即可；（2）分直线斜率存在不存在两种情况讨论，当斜率存在时，设出直线方程与椭圆联立，由韦达定理结合弦长公式、点到直线距离求出三角形面积，再换元求最值即可，当斜率不存在时直接求解.【小问1详解】椭圆的离心率2c e a ==，又|MF|的最小值为2，即：2a c -=-，得a =2c =，∴2b =，故椭圆C 的方程为22184x y +=．【小问2详解】由（1）点()2,0F ，若直线l 的斜率不存在，l 不能过点()2,0F ，则l 的方程只能为0x =，∴AB 4=，4FAB S = ．若直线l 的斜率存在，设l 的方程为：()0y kx t t =+≠，()11,A x y ，()22,B x y ，由直线l 与圆E1=，化简得221t kt +=，则112k t t ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭，0t ≠．由22184x y y kx t ⎧+=⎪⎨⎪=+⎩，得()222214280k x ktx t +++-=，()()()222222222116442128648321683280kt k t k t t t t t t ⎛⎫∆=-+-=-+=--+=+> ⎪⎝⎭，则122421kt x x k -+=+，21222821t x x k -=+．12AB x =-=．又()2,0F 到直线l的距离d =．11222FAB S AB d k t ==+△4221124211111122t t t t t t t ==⋅+⎛⎫+-+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭．设41s t =+，则1s >，441FABS t s ===+△．综上，△FAB 面积的最大值为4．21.已知函数()e 1ln x a f x x x x=--，a ∈R ．（1）当0a >时，讨论()f x 的单调性；（2）当1x >时，不等式()11f x x x--≤恒成立，求a 的取值范围．【答案】（1）答案见解析（2）2e a -≤-【解析】【分析】（1）求导，分类讨论导函数的正负，即可求解单调性，（2）将不等式等价变形为()ln 1e xx x x a -+≤，构造函数()()ln 1e xx x x h x -+=，利用导数求解()h x 的最小值即可.【小问1详解】()()()()()2221e 1e 1110x xx a a x f x x x x x x---'=+-=>，当0a >时，由()0f x '=，得出1x =，ln x a =-．当10ea <<，由()0f x ¢>，得01x <<或ln x a >-，由()0f x '<，得1ln x a <<-，∴()f x 在()0,1和()ln ,a -+∞上单调递增，在()1,ln a -上单调递减；当11ea <<时，0ln 1a <-<，由()0f x ¢>，得0ln x a <<-或1x >，由()0f x '<，得ln 1a x -<<，所以()f x 在()0,ln a -和()1,+∞上单调递增，在()ln ,1a -上单调递减；当1a ≥时，ln 0a -£，由()0f x ¢>，得1x >，由()0f x '<，得01x <<，此时()f x 在()0,1上单调递减，在()1,+∞上单调递增；当1ea =时，()0f x '≥，则()f x 在()0,∞+上单调递增．【小问2详解】由()11f x x x --≤可转化为()ln 1e xx x x a -+≤，令()()ln 1e xx x x h x -+=，()()()1ln 2e xx x x h x --+'=，令()ln 2x x x ϕ=-+，()1xx xϕ'-=，当1x >时，()10xx xϕ-'=<，故()x ϕ在()1,+∞上单调递减，又()()22e =3e 0,e=4e0,ϕϕ->-<所以1x >时，()x ϕ在()2e,e内存在唯一零点0x ，当()01,x x ∈时，()0x ϕ>，()0h x '<，()h x 单调递减，当()0,x x ∈+∞时，()0x ϕ<，()0h x '>，()h x 单调递境，故()()()00000minln 1e x x x x h x h x -+==．因为()000ln 20x x x ϕ=-+=，所以020ex x -=，所以()0002200e e e e x x x x h x --==-=-，所以()()20min e h x h x -==-，即2e a -≤-．【点睛】本题考查了导数的综合应用，利用导数求解函数的单调性，当含参数时，需要根据参数的大小进行分类讨论.利用导数求解恒成立问题时，常采用两种方式：①对含参函数的参数进行讨论，确定函数的最值，②进行参数分离，构造无参数的函数，利用导数求解最值.请考生在第22、23两题中任选一题作答，并用2B 铅笔在答题卡，上把所选题目的题号涂黑．注意所做题目的题号必须与所涂题目的题号一致，在答题卡选答区域指定位置答题．如果多做，则按所做的第一题计分．[选修4-4；坐标系与参数方程]22.在直角坐标系xOy 中，曲线C 的参数方程为1sin 3cos 2cos 3sin x y αααα=++⎧⎨=+-⎩（α为参数），以坐标原点为极点，x 轴正半轴为极轴建立的极坐标系中，直线l 的方程是1cos 32πρθ⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭．（1）求曲线C 的普通方程和直线l 的直角坐标方程；（2）若点A 的坐标为（1，0），直线l 与曲线C 交于P ，Q 两点，求11AP AQ +的值．【答案】（1）()()221210x y -+-=，10x --=（2）73【解析】【分析】（1）移项再平方相加即得曲线C 的普通方程，根据极坐标与直角坐标的互化公式即可得直线l 的直角坐标方程；（2）由直线参数方程中t 的几何意义，结合韦达定理即可求得11AP AQ +.【小问1详解】由1sin 3cos 2cos 3sin x y αααα=++⎧⎨=+-⎩，可得1sin 3cos 2cos 3sin x y αααα-=+⎧⎨-=-⎩，将上式分别平方，然后相加可得()()221210x y -+-=，由1cos 32πρθ⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭，可得1cos cos sin sin 332ππρθθ⎛⎫-= ⎝⎭，即11cos sin 222ρθρθ-=，即10x -=．【小问2详解】由（1）可知直线l 的斜率为33，则其倾斜角为6π，且点()1,0A 在直线l 上，所以直线l 的参数方程为：1cos 6sin 6x t y t ππ⎧=+⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩（t 为参数），即1212x t y t ⎧=+⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩（t 为参数），将直线l 的参数方程代入曲线C 的普通方程，整理得2260t t --=．设点P ，Q 对应的参数分别为1t ，2t ，则122t t +=，126t t =-，则1212121212111163t t t t AP AQ t t t t t t +-+=+===．[选修4-5：不等式选讲]23.已知函数()12f x x x =+++的最小值为m ．（1）求m ；（2）已知,,a b c 为正数，且4abc m =，求()22a b c ++的最小值．【答案】（1）1m =（2）12【解析】【分析】（1）方法一：由题知()23,21,2123,1x x f x x x x --≤-⎧⎪=-<<-⎨⎪+≥-⎩，进而分类讨论求解即可；方法二：根据绝对值三角不等式求解即可；（2）结合（1）得4abc =，进根据基本不等式求解即可.【小问1详解】解：方法一：依题意得：()23,2121,2123,1x x f x x x x x x --≤-⎧⎪=+++=-<<-⎨⎪+≥-⎩，当2x ≤-时，()1f x ≥，当2<<1x --时，()1f x =，当1x ≥-时，()1f x ≥，综上，当[]2,1x ∈--时，()f x 取得最小值1，即()f x 的最小值1m =．方法二：根据绝对值三角不等式可得：()()()12121f x x x x x =+++≥+-+=，当且仅当()()120x x ++≤，即21x -≤≤-时等号成立，所以，()f x 的最小值1m =．【小问2详解】解：由（1）知，44abc m ==，()2224a b c ab c +++≥（当且仅当a b =时等号成立），∴2242212ab c ab ab c +=++≥===，当且仅当22ab c =，即a b ==2c =时等号成立，∴()22a b c ++的最小值为12．。
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贵州省贵阳市第一中学2018届高三上学期适应性月考（一）英语试题第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AWhen I was little, my grandfather would pick me up after school and take care of me until my parents came home. Every day I looked forward to being with Grandpa.If it was a fine day, he would take me to the park where he told me the names of the flowers and trees. Sometimes, we would go shopping together. He would push the cart and I would help him get things off the shelves. He always found w ays to involve me in what he was doing. I was his ”little helper”. Grandpa taught me to care about the world by having me help with the gardening. He watered the trees and bushes, while I watered the flowers. We fed the birds. He showed me that if you were really quiet and stayed still, the birds would come up to you. I still love feeding birds and never understand people who get so wrapped up in owning a home that they don’t stop to care for the surrounding wildlife.For an after-school snack, my grandfather would give me boiled potatoes and carrots with a little bit of butter on them or he would cut up some fresh fruit for me. My mother was so strict that she held that I must finish my homework as soon as I got home from school. Grandpa thought it was more important to relax, so he would let me watch one show first. He had his way and the way worked. And he said, “Were I you, I wouldn’t tell your mother, or you won’t have time to relax.” Whenever I left a room, Grandpa would remind me to turn off the light to save electricity. My grandpa was a devoted family man. He helped my parents through really tough financial times. Grandpa passed away when I was 10. I love him and he will live in my heart forever and always.1. We can learn from this passage that .A. the writer was attached to her grandpaB. the writer lived with her grandpa as a little girlC. the writer’s grandpa died when she was grown-upD. the writer’s grandpa finally moved to live with her parents2. The writer’s experiences in the garden mad e her .A. help her grandpa a lot when he was busyB. get the idea of protecting the wildlifeC. know vegetables were difficult to plantD. become a gardener when she grew up3. Why did the writer’s grandpa tell her not to tell her mom the truth?A. Because he was afraid that she would punish the writerB. Because he wanted the writer to know about TV showsC. Because he was afraid that she would get angry with himD. Because he wanted to let the writer relax before studying4. The writer refers to the experience of turning off the light to show .A. Grandpa made her develop a good habitB. Grandpa tried his best to save moneyC. she was too forgetful to remember thatD. she was careless when she was young【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A【解析】本文介绍作者和爷爷在一起生活的经历，爷爷照顾她帮助她养成好习惯，她非常爱爷爷。
1. A推理判断题。
根据第一段When I was little, my grandfather would pick me up after school and take care of me until my parents came home. Every day I looked forward to being with Grandpa.可知作者爱她的爷爷。
故选A。
2. B推理判断题。
纵观全文，特别是第二段中We fed the birds. He showed me that if you were really quiet and stayed still, the birds would come up to you. I still love feeding birds and never understand people who get so wrapped up in owning a home that they don’t stop to care for the surrounding wildlife.可知作者在花园里的经历使他有了保护野生动物的想法。
故选B。
3. D细节理解题。
根据第三段中My mother was so strict that she held that I must finish my homework as soon as I got home from school. Grandpa thought it was more important to relax, so he would let me watch one show first. He had his way an d the way worked. And he said, “Were I you, I wouldn’t tell your mother, or you won’t have time to relax.”可知爷爷不让她告诉妈妈事实是为了让她放松。
故选D。
4. A推理判断题。
根据第四段最后几句Whenever I left a room, Grandpa would remind me to turn off the light to save electricity. My grandpa was a devoted family man. He helped my parents through really tough financial times.爷爷让她养成了一个好习惯。
故选A。
BGames have already become a good companion for people. Whether kids or adults, they prefer to spend their spare time in playing games. Why are games so popular? Firstly, they can attract people easily and secondly, they are east to upgrade(升级). Each day, thousands of games come out. And no matter which kind of game you like, there is always a game that suits you. Now when people meet, they would like to talk about the newest games.Here are the hottest new games for girls. They are Didi games. 80 percent of girls like dressing-up games. There are varieties of dressing-up games in Didi. The leading roles of them also vary from common girls to princesses. If you are lucky enough, you can be dressed up as the famous stars you admire. At the same time, wedding dressing-up games can also be found. Whether you admit it or not, all girls like things related to wedding, so most girls like to be dressed up as brides.In order to attract kids’ attention, many games choose fairies(精灵) as the leading roles, for fairies are really alluring to girls. Maybe the magic wands(魔杖) of the fairies really have supernatural powers(超自然力量). There are various kinds of Didi fairy games, such as Fairy of Water, Catching Flowers Contest, Winter Garden Fairy, etc.Cooking games are also girls’ favorite games. Making a cake, soup or other delicious food is a category of simple games. There are also complicated ones, for example, preparing a dinner. It is more challenging but most girls like challenges. Another category of games which attracts people must be the games related to farms. Why are they so popular? Because the games can let people enjoy the fun as farmers. There are also farm animals that kids like very much. Here you can build your own farms. Also you can experience the life of farmers.5. What is the reason why many people like games according to the author?A. Games are usually easy to playB. Playing games helps people learn a lotC. Players can update their games easily and they are attracter easilyD. There are many kinds of games that suit everyone6. What can we learn about Didi games?A. The fairies are the leading roles in the gamesB. They have been famous for several yearsC. They are the most popular games among girlsD. They are all about traditional dresses7. What kinds of games do all the girls enjoy in the author’s opinion?A. Cooking games like making a soupB. The games that are about weddingsC. Games that let them enjoy the country lifeD. The games related to magic wands8. The underlined word “alluring” in Paragraph 3 probably means “”.A. confusingB. annoyingC. challengingD. fascinating【答案】5. C 6. C 7. B 8. D【解析】本文叙述，游戏已经成为人们的一个好伴侣。