2015届高考考前热身专练：政治经济文化、教育类填空2
2015届高考考前热身专练：政治经济文化、教育类填空3
2015届高考考前热身专练：政治经济文化、教育类填空1、阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Generally speaking, a British is widely regarded as a quiet, shy and conservative (保守) person who is only among those with whom he is familiar. When a stranger is present, he often seems nervous, embarrassed. You have to take a commuter train (通勤车) any morning or evening to the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or off in a corner; hardly anybody talks, since to do so would be considered quite offensive (冒犯的)., there is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior, which, once , makes the offender immediately the object of .One of the few things we can say about the British with certainty is that a British takes a(n) to the discussion of their weather and that, if given a chance, he will talk about it . Some people argue that it is because the British weather follows forecast and thus becomes a source of interest to everyone. This may be so. Certainly a British cannot have much in the weathermen, whose predictions, in many cases, to be wrong! The man in the street seems to be as accurate – or as inaccurate – as the weathermen in his . Foreigners may be surprised at the number of references weather that the British make to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greetings are by comments on the weather. “Nice day, isn’t it?” “Beautiful day!” may well be heard instead of “Good morning, how are you?” the foreigner may consider this exaggerated (夸大) and comic, it is worthwhile pointing out that it could be used to his . If he wants to start a conversation with a British but is to know where to begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather. It is a(n) subject to which a response may well be of even the most reserved of the British.1．A. relaxed B. frustrated C. amused D. exhausted2．A. yet B. otherwise C. even D. so3．A. experience B. witness C. watch D. undertake4．A. whispering B. murmuring C. nodding D. laughing5．A. Hopefully B. Exactly C. Frequently D. Obviously6．A. developed B. observed C. followed D. broken7．A. doubt B. argument C. criticism D. praise8．A. emotion B. fancy C. likeliness D. judgment 9．A. at length B. at last C. at most D. at least 10．A. always B. often C. constantly D. seldom 11．A. faith B. relief C. honor D. credit 12．A. put out B. make out C. turn out D. find out 13．A. consideration B. prediction C. approval D. appreciation 14．A. about B. on C. in D. to15．A. started B. conducted C. replaced D. Proposed 16．A. Since B. Although C. However D. Only if 17．A. benefit B. advantage C. disadvantage D. favor18．A. at a loss B. in detail C. in groups D. on occasion 19．A. avoidable B. steady C. optional D. safe20．A. expected B. asked C. wished D. reminded【答案】15．C16．B17．B18．A19．D20．A【解析】文章主要讲的是英国的风俗文化。
2015届高考考前热身专练：政治经济文化、教育类填空1
2015届高考考前热身专练：政治经济文化、教育类填空1.（2014届江西省九所重点中学高三下学期3月联合考试英语试卷）You heard about the sign posted on a farmer's fence? On the other side of the resides the biggest, meanest looking you can imagine．The sign is intended to strike into the hearts of would-be trespassers．It reads, "Don't attempt to this field unless you can do it in 9．9 seconds．The bull can do it in 10 flat!"Don't try to cross that field unless you are !And isn't that the way it is in life? We have to be ready when the arises or else we will have little chance of ．Sixth-grade schoolteacher Ms Shelton believed in ．Students remember how she in on the first day of class and began writing of an eighth-grade caliber on the chalkboard．They protested that the words were not on their and they couldn't learn them．Their teacher that the students could and would learn these words．She said that she would teach down to them．Ms Shelton ended by saying that one of the students in that classroom could go on to ．maybe even be president some day, and she wanted to prepare them for that day．Ms Shelton spoke those words many years ago．did she know that someday one of her students - Jesse Jackson - would take them ．She believed that if they were well prepared, they could achieve goals．Ralph Waldo Emerson once said, "People only see what they are prepared to see．" that's true, then it is also true that they only become what they are prepared to become．And a lot of is just about getting ready．1．A．fence B．river C．village D．hill2．A．tiger B．farmer C．bull D．goat 3．A．curiosity B．fear C．desire D．courage4．A．cut B．cover C．enter D．cross 5．A．accompanied B．armed C．prepared D．guarded 6．A．opportunity B．challenge C．hope D．problem7．A．luck B．victory C．wealth D．success8．A．determination B．readiness C．honesty D．diligence 9．A．hurried B．moved C．walked D．broke 10．A．words B．poems C．proverbs D．questions 11．A．strangely B．quietly C．rudely D．quickly12．A．range B．level C．interest D．requirement 13．A．admitted B．announced C．insisted D．complained 14．A．never B．instead C．still D．always 15．A．position B．career C．service D．greatness 16．A．Little B．Seldom C．Much D．Once17．A．easy B．seriously C．completely D．back18．A．final B．proper C．high D．straight 19．A．Although B．If C．Whether D．Unless 20．A．fan B．fact C．truth D．life2.（2014届贵州省铜仁市第一中学高三第四次月考英语试卷）England was one of the first countries to set aside a day to recognize mothers．In the eighteenth century, many people worked as household servants for the , "Mothering Sunday" was _ for them to return home to be with their mothers．Though this stopped when the Industrial Revolution altered the working and living patterns of people, one for mothers was established as a holiday in the twentieth century．In the United States, Mother's Day did not become a（n）holiday until 1915．Its establishment was due to the perseverance and love of one , Anna Jarvis．Anna's mother had provided strength and support as the family their home in West Virginia and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania her father served as a minister．When Mrs Jarvis died on May 5, 1905, Anna was determined to her．She asked a minister at the church in West Virginia to give a sermon（布道）memory of her mother．On the same Sunday in Philadelphia, ministers there honoured Mrs.Jarvis and all mothers with a (n) Mother's Day service．Anna Jarvis began writing to congressmen, asking them to a day to honour mothers. In 1910, the governor of West Virginia proclaimed(宣布) the second Sunday in May as Mother's Day and a year later every state it．On Mother' s Day morning some American children the tradition of serving their mothers breakfast in bed．Other children will give their mothers which they have made themselves or bought in ．Adults give their mothers red carnations, the official Mother's Day flower．If their mothers , they may bring white carnations to their grave（坟墓）sites．This is the busiest day of the year for American ．On the special day, family members do not want Mom to cook dinner!21．A．before B．since C．when D．until 22．A．rich B．poor C．living D．injured 23．A．protected B．reserved C．changed D．persuaded 24．A．form B．custom C．habit D．plan 25．A．Monday B．Wednesday C．Sunday D．Friday 26．A．ordinary B．common C．regular D．official 27．A．nearly B．largely C．deeply D．highly 28．A．mother B．sister C．daughter D．waitress 29．A．destroyed B．found C．made D．left 30．A．where B. when C．why D．how 31．A．reward B．honour C．award D．inspire 32．A．on B．at C．in D．for 33．A．special B．expensive C．simple D．easy 34．A．put off B．give up C．take on D．set aside 35．A．understood B．received C．celebrated D．prevented 36．A．follow B．refuse C．accept D．support 37．A．letters B．gifts C．calls D．toys 38．A．schools B．churches C．stores D．hospitals 39．A．went ahead B．moved on C．stayed up D．passed away40．A．restaurants B．departments C．offices D．markets3.（2014届重庆市重庆一中高三上学期期中考试英语试卷）Laziness is a state of inaction. It is something that you do, not something that you are. Being lazymeans you have no to do anything. This is obvious but the mistake that many people make is themselves as someone who is lazy.Lazy people are often seen as useless. , are they really being lazy or are they acting lazy? There is a huge difference between saying you are lazy sometimes and you are a lazy person. One is suggesting that your laziness is while the other suggests that it’s permanent. This is the myth of laziness. People who are lazy aren’t lazy; they are people who are temporarily acting that way.So what causes a person to be inactive? The answer is a lack of goals. If you give someone a good enough to do something, he will do it. People who don’t seem to do anything just haven’t found a good enough reason to do something. Lazy students don’t study because they don’t see the in studying. For example, if you are too lazy to clean out the garage, would someone a gun to your head help you take action? The reason can be positive or negative it’s strong enough to induce(引起) action.To motivate someone who is lazy, what you need to do is to help him find enough to work towards a certain goal.41．A. motivation B. question C. promotion D. courage42．A. agreeing B. denying C. identifying D. refusing43．A. Otherwise B. Besides C. However D. Therefore44．A. correct B. false C. temporary D. inspirational45．A. simply B. occasionally C. often D. hardly46．A. excuse B. gift C. chance D. purpose47．A. point B. success C. situation D. difficulty48．A. dropping B. pointing C. shooting D. hiding49．A. as long as B. as soon as C. so that D. in case50．A. reasons B. money C. energy D. Confidence4.（2014届广东广州执信、广雅、六中高三9月三校联考英语卷）The western world has always been divided into two types of people—the cool and the uncool. It is a 11 that starts in school. The cool kids are good at sports. They are popular with the opposite sex. They are good-looking and people want to 12 their style. They can do theirhomework but they don’t make a big effort. That would not be cool.The 13 kids are in the other corner of the playground. They are very bright, but they don’t have great 14 skills, not popular with the opposite sex and they are 15 at sports. When they are not programming computers or doing calculus (微积分) , they are watching shows like the “X Files”. They are known as the geeks.But the geeks are taking over. Make friends with them now or they will put virus in your computer and 16 your maths homework to ruin. Geeks might not be popular at school, yet they do pass their examinations. They 17 good degrees, though they might not be too popular at university.The most important 18 of the 21st century, computers and IT, has been at least partly created by geeks. Geek heroes like Bill Gates 19 others to follow their examples. Being a geek is a way of earning good money. And the creation of the Internet gave them a 20 of their own to work and play in, making them a global force. 21 , the effect of the geeks on popular culture has started a new trend. It is now cool to be 22 . Geek culture is becoming an important part of general popular culture, in which what you 23 is more important than what you look like.But there are also 24 . Geeks were often bullied (欺侮) or laughed at in school. Now a geek may be your 25 . Perhaps it is time for punishment.51．A. time B. division C. group D. part52．A. show B. act C. copy D. represent53．A. uncool B. unimportant C. clever D. strange54．A. personal B. attractive C. experimental D. social 55．A. tasteless B. careless C. hopeless D. helpless56．A. introduce B. bring C. prefer D. add57．A. score B. lack C. take D. save58．A. discovery B. industry C. progress D. improvement59．A. excite B. discourage C. demand D. promise60．A. world B. challenge C. chance D. heaven61．A. However B. Therefore C. Still D. Besides62．A. imaginative B. uncool C. attractive D. cool63．A. remember B. understand C. receive D. know64．A. dangers B. questions C. possibilities D. wonders65．A. secretary B. trainee C. friend D. boss【答案及其解析】19．B20．D【解析】文章通过农民篱笆上的标志和Ms Shelton的故事说明我们做好了准备，才能成就目标。
福建省厦门双十中学高三高考前热身考试文综政治试题
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:国家利益是国际关系的决定因素，也是主权国家对外活动的根本出发点和落脚点。国家之间共同的利益是国家之间合作的基础，中国始终支持东盟共同体建设和东盟在东亚区域合作中的主导地位，中国-东盟的对话伙伴关系成为最具实质性的伙伴关系之一体现了中国与东盟各国存在着共同的利益。答案为C
27. 2014年，东南亚各国领导人来华访问或出席在中国举办的各类重大活动，展现了东盟国家进一步加强与中国合作的强烈愿望。中国始终支持东盟共同体建设和东盟在东亚区域合作中的主导地位，中国-东盟的对话伙伴关系成为最具实质性的伙伴关系之一。这表明
A.我国积极拓展自身的国家利益B.中国是推动东亚发展的主导力量
A.具有深厚的审美意蕴和内涵
B.展现传统文化的相对稳定性
C.是中华文化源远流长的标志
D.对人们的生活产生持久影响
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:汉字和史书典籍是中华文化源远流长的重要标志，C不符合题意；中国古代绘画属于古代文化艺术领域，中华古代文艺历史辉煌悠久，内涵丰富而绚丽，风格鲜明而独特，展现了中华民族的精神向往和美好追求，在世界文化艺术宝库中占有重要位置。答案为A
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:依法办网，要求网站完善网内规章制度，严格审查网络信息，提供符合规章制度的网络服务，①错误；依法管网，司法机关不能制定和完善相关的法律法规，人大有立法权，③错误；依法上网，要求市民坚持权利与义务相统一原则，在享有权利的同时必须履行相应的义务，⑥错误。答案为B
考点：本题考查人大的职权，坚持权利与义务相统一原则
2015年双十中学热身考试
文科综合能力测试
2015届高考考前热身专练：政治经济文化、教育类阅读1
2015届高考考前热身专练：政治经济文化、教育类阅读1. (2014届贵州省六校联盟高三第二次联考英语试卷）An Ofsted (英国教育标准办公室）study reports that teachers are discouraging students who want to leave school and work as apprentices (学徒）in beauty salons (美容中心）or hair dressers.Inspectors questioned 105 young people for a report on apprenticeships published on Wednesday. They found several examples of young people who felt they had been laughed at by their teachers for wanting to progress to work-based learning, particularly in care or hairdressing, rather than stay on at school.Right or wrong, is it any surprise that this is happening? From 2014，the government will measure schools according to the rate of their pupils who go to university. Brian Lightman , general secretary of the Association of School and College Leaders, says the government has already put teachers under “very great pressure to focus on academic subjects”.On the other hand, the Education Act 2011，which came into force in November, places schools under a duty to give fair career advice to pupils. This advice must include information on all post-16 education and training choices, including apprenticeships. This doesn’t appear to be happening in several schools, according to Ofsted9S report. Many of the young people the inspectors talked to said the advice they h ad received on apprenticeships was “unsatisfactory”.Schools were also blamed for lack of work experience courses, which are particularly important for teenagers considering an apprenticeship. They help students decide whether they enjoy a line of work and enable employers to see whether those on work experience have the potential to be hired as apprentices in future years.But there is a good reason why they can’t do this: they’d be unable to adapt to GCSE (英国普通中等教育证书）exams if they did. Sometimes, it seems, schools just can’t win.1．Why do teachers oppose the students’ leaving school and working as apprentices?A. The government urges teachers to concentrate on academic subjects.B. The students are only wasting time working as apprentices.C. Employers are under great pressure of taking GCSE exams.D. Empl oyers don’t give students chances to work as apprentices2．Pressure for schools to provide pupils with career advice comes from ______.A. Association of School and College LeadersB. Education Act 2011C. GCSE examsD. OFSTED3．What does the author think of teachers’ discouraging students wo rking as apprentices?A. SurprisingB. UnderstandableC. WrongD. Right2.(2014届北京市朝阳区高三第一次综合练习英语试卷）How I Turned to Be OptimisticI began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt's house, and my mother said that we might soon be leaving for America. We were on the bus then.I was crying, and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. I remember that I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to which I listened every morning.I do not remember myself crying for this reason again. In fact, I think I cried very little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives. When we were leaving I thought about all the places I was going to see—the strange and magical places I had known only from books and pictures. The country I was leaving never to come back was hardly in my head then.The four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism, but the idea did not come to me at once. For the first two years in New York I was really lost—having to study in three schools as a result of family moves. I did not quite know what I was or what I should be. Mother remarried, and things became even more complex for me. Some time passed before my stepfat her and I got used to each other. I was often sad, and saw no end to “the hard times”.My responsibilities in the family increased a lot since I knew English better than everyone else at home. I wrote letters, filled out forms, translated at interviews with Immigration officers, took my grandparents to the doctor and translated there, and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives.From my experiences I have learned one important rule：almost all common troubles eventually go away！Something good is certain to happen in the end when you do not give up, and just wait a little！I believe that my life will turn out all right, even though it will not be that easy.4．How did the author get to know America?A. From her relatives.B. From her mother.C. From books and pictures.D. From radio programs.5．Upon leaving for America the author felt ________.A. confusedB. excitedC. worriedD. amazed6．For the first two years in New York, the author ________.A. often lost her wayB. did not think about her futureC. studied in three different schoolsD. got on well with her stepfather3.(2014届北京石景山区高考一模英语试卷）Chinese Dinner TableOf course, the main difference on the Chinese dinner table is chopsticks instead of knife and fork, but that’s only superficial. Besides, in decent restaurants, you can always ask for a pair of knife and fork, if you find the chopsticks not helpful enough. The real difference is that in the West, you have your own plate of food, while in China the dishes are placed on the table and everyone shares. If you are being treated to a formal dinner and particularly if the host thinks you’re in the country for the first time, he will do the best to give you a taste of many different types of dishes.The meal usually begins with a set of at least four cold dishes, to be followed by the main courses of hot meat and vegetable dishes. Soup then will be served (unless in Guangdong style restaurants) to be followed by staple food ranging from rice, noodles to dumplings. If you wish to have your rice to go with other dishes, you should say so in good time, for most of the Chinese choose to have the staple food at last or have none of them at all.Perhaps one of the things that surprise a western visitor most is that some of the Chinese hosts like to put food into the plates of their guests. In formal dinners, there are always “public” chopsticks and spoons for this purpose, but some hosts may use their own chopsticks. This is a sign of genuine friendship and politeness. It is always polite to eat the food. If you do not eat it, just leave the food in the plate.People in China tend to over-order food, for they will find it embarrassing if all the food is consumed. When you have had enough, just say so. Or you will always overeat!7．The real difference on dinner table between China and West is that___________.A. You’re treated to a formal dinner for the first time.B. On Chinese dinner table, chopsticks replace knife and fork.C. The host will do the best to give you a taste of many different types of dishes.D. You have your own plate of food in West while in China everyone shares the dishes.8．If you have a dinner in a Chinese home, in which order will the food be served?a. serving soup.b.a set of four cold dishes.c. staple food such as rice, noodle or dumplings.d. the main courses of hot meat and vegetable dishes.A. badcB. cabdC. bdacD. cdab9．The “public chopsticks and spoons” are used to ______.A. taste different dishesB. consume the food in the plateC. show the friendship and politenessD. put food into the plates of their guests10．According to the message, the author’s attitude towards Chinese dinner table is______A. criticalB. objectiveC. negativeD. positive4.(2014届江苏省南京市高三第二次英语模拟试卷）Here’s a movie—a sharp, sugar-rush of fun that’s guaranteed to entertain the entire family.With some terrific computer-generated effects, a great cast and a fun-packed storyline, Robots is the best animated film (动画片) since The Incredibles. Yep, it really is that good.Set in a world populated by robots, Ewan McGregor plays Rodney Copperbottom, a young robot who leaves his small-town home to pursue his dream of becoming an inventor.But after arriving in Robot City, his hopes of getting a job at Bigweld Industries are destroyed when he learns the firm has been taken over by the evil Ratchet (Greg Kinnear).Egged on by his controlling mum, Madame Gasket (Jim Broadbent), Ratchet plans to reduce half of Robot City’s citizens to scrap metal by refusing to sell the spare parts they need to survive.Instead, he wants to make a fortune selling expensive upgrades that few can afford. As he says, “Why be you when you can be new?”Aided by a few misfit robots known as the Rustles—including Robin Williams as the cowardly' (胆小的）Fender (“I’m made of a metal called Afraidium”)—Rodney must track down the firm’s founder, Bigweld (Mel Brooks), and convince him to save the city from Ratchet’s plans.The first thing that’ll strike you about the movie is the thought that's gone into creating Robot City. It’s a wondrous world full of mechanical marvels including wind-up cars and walking streetlamps.Also terrific are the special effects. This might be an animated movie but at times you’ll catch yourself thinking it’s really a live-action film.Of course, there have been plenty of animated movies that looked the part but were let down by a weak storyline (see Shark Tale, for example).But Robots grips (扣人心弦) right from the start thanks to a heart-warming and thoroughly engaging plot that never bores.My only complaints are with Williams who, as usual，has a one-in-10 success rate with his jokes. Also a letdown is a romantic subplot between Rodney and a shapely robot called Cappy (Halle Berry) that doesn’t go anywhere.Complains aside, this is a mechanical marvel that’ll have you bolted firmly to your seat.BEST QUOTE(引述): Fender: “Even though you had a discouraging da y, just remember there’s another one coming tomorrow.”BEST BIT: Check out those amazing images.WORST BIT: Robin Williams, character does an unfunny Britney Spears dance routine.IF YOU LIKED…Ice Age, The Incredibles, Toy Story... YOU’LL LIKE THIS.11．This piece of writing is a _______.A. commercial advertisementB. film reviewC. movie posterD. literary essay12．The cast of Robots is made up of all the following actors or actresses EXCEPT _______.A. Ewan McGregorB. Robin WilliamsC. Britney SpearsD. Halle Berry13．What is Shark Tale an example of?A. A great cast.B. A poor plot.C. Special effects.D. Clumsy animation.5.(2014届江西省九所重点中学高三下学期3月联合考试英语试卷）During the 1800s, African Americans worked long days in the fields of the American South．To ease their labor, they sang "field hollers" that they had brought from Africa．One person sang a line．Then a group of workers repeated it．The songs' words told of the hardships that people suffered．African Americans sang "shout spirituals", or joyous religious songs．They clapped their hands and stomped their feet to the music．After the Civil War, the music changed dramatically．African American music, from ballads to church music, took new forms．It also adapted dance music, called "jump-ups"．which had great rhythm．Banjos became popular．A blues singer usually played a call and response with the banjo．By the early 1900s, the guitar had replaced the banjo as the main blues instrument．Northern Mississippi - called the Delta - was the center of the blues tradition．By the 1920s, the Delta had many clubs, so-called juke joints．African Americans listened and danced to music in these clubs．Some of the greatest blues men and women performed there．Blues have a soulful sound that is easy to recognize．The musical notes are often "bent"．That is, they are changed slightly to give a song more strength．Whatever their origin, these bent notes most often define the blues．Lyrics are the words of a song．Blues lyrics describe everyday life．The lyrics, often about relationships between men and women, are often very intense and personal．They tell about sorrow and overwork．They tell about finding or losing love, having money or being broke, being happy or sad and lonely．The lyrics may use humor to describe life's trials and joys．They almost always use the rhythms of everyday speech．A typical blues stanza, or group of lyrics, has three lines．The second line repeats the first line．The third line has different words．By the 1940s, large numbers of African Americans had left the Delta and moved north to work．Many settled in Chicago．There, a new kind of "electric", or "Chicago" blues began．Many of its themes were the same, but these blues had "wailing" electric guitars and harmonicas．The music had a steady, strong drumbeat．The loud, driving Chicago blues was excellent dance music．Chicago blues led to the birth of a new music style-rock and roll．14．The "field holler" is a kind of music that came from ___．A．the American South．B．Africa．C．Chicago． D．Asia．15．"Shout spirituals" and "field hollers" are similar in that both_____．A．used banjos．B．were sung in church．C．included call and response singing．D．expressed sadness．16．A typical blues Stanza is made up of____．A．three lines．B．a harmonica．C．a driving beat．D．four lines．17．One can conclude from the passage that the blues ___．A．would have widespread without the juke joints of the Mississippi．B．served as a form of communication and self-expression．C．was successful only in the American South．D．there were only greatest blues man performed in these clubs．18．African Americans probably moved to Chicago because ____．A．the South was too hot in summer．B．they liked the Chicago blues．C．there were more jobs there．D．they wanted to create a new music style．6.(2014届广东省肇庆市高三3月第一次模拟考试英语试卷）Governments all over the world make public reports about the condition of their economies. Most countries, including the United States, have used a measure called the gross national product (国民生产总值)or GNP. It includes all goods and services produced by citizens of the country anywhere in the world.Recently the American Commerce Department has started using a new method to measure production. It is known as the gross domestic product（国内生产总值）or GDP. It counts only goods and services that have been produced within the nation’s borders. Money earned by foreign companies operating in the United States is included in the GDP, but money earned by American companies operating in other countries is not.Economic experts generally approve of the change. They say that the gross domestic product provides a truer measure of the economy. They also note that most other industrial countries use this method. Therefore it will be easier to study the economies of different countries. Some officials also hope the new system will help them make better economic policydecisions. It will provide them with a clearer understanding of economic activity in the U.S. . The new measure is less likely to be affected by sudden changes in foreign oil prices or in the value of the American dollar in other countries.Economic experts believe that the change from GNP to GDP will immediately reduce the value of American production by at least 40,000 million dollars a year. But that is really a very small change in the American economy – less than 1% . The Commerce Department reports the unofficial gross domestic product once every three months. The government also continues to report GNP as it has four times a year since 1941.19．To report the American GNP, the government should not consider goods and services produced _______.A. by American companies at homeB. by American companies in ChinaC. by American companies in SingaporeD. by Japanese companies in the United States20．To report the American GDP, the Commerce Department should count money earned ________.A. by both American and foreign companies in AmericaB. by American companies within its own bordersC. by foreign companies in the United StatesD. by American companies in its foreign markets21．GDP is considered better than GNP by some economists because ________.A. it is something newB. it is used by most countriesC. it is easier to calculateD. it is less likely to be affected by the foreign market22．What will happen to the value of American economy if GDP is used to replace GNP?A. It will be seriously affected.B. It will not be affected.C. It will come down a little.D. It will slightly go up.23．How often are the reports of GDP issued by the American Commerce Department?A. once every four monthsB. once every three monthsC. once every six monthsD. once a year【答案】1．A2．B3．B【解析】文章大意：英国教育标准办公室研究报道称老师不鼓励学生离开学校去美容院或理发师的学徒。
高中政治真题：学2015届高三下学期考前冲刺文科综合政治试题
高中政治真题：学2015届高三下学期考前冲刺文科综合政治试题一、选择题(共10题)1.2015年3月26日，国家发展改革委发出通知，决定将汽、柴油价格每吨分别降低240元和230元，测算到零售价格90号汽油和0号柴油（全国平均）每升分别降低0.18元和0.2元，下列各图中（纵轴为汽车价格，横轴为汽车需求量，D1为油价下调前，D2为油价下调后）能正确反映油价下调对汽车需求量影响的是（）2.北京市近日宣布，从2015年4月1日起上调最低工资标准，届时企业月最低工资将超过1700元。
上调最低工资标准( )①是提高劳动报酬在初次分配中比重的重要举措②是通过再分配实现收入分配公平的重要举措③有利于让低收入劳动者分享经济发展成果④有利于消除收入分配差距，促进社会公平A．①③B．②③C．①④D．②④3.自杀式的价格战是不可维系的，中国手机品牌一定要形成品牌就是质量、品牌就是诚信的观念，并且努力贴近当地的消费者。
只有具备这些核心竞争力，才能最终伴随着市场的发展而发展。
这启示企业在市场竞（）①要依靠技术进步，降低商品价值量②要积极参与兼并，提高竞争力③要提高产品质量，树立良好企业形象④要面向市场、了解需求、准确定位A．①③B．②③C．③④D．①④4.世界第五大轮胎生产商—意大利轮胎制造企业倍耐力集团2015年3月22日宣布，已与中国化工集团（中化工）签署协议，将以每股15欧元的价格向后者出售26.2%的股权。
据悉，中国化工集团同倍耐力控股公司达成协议，将组建新公司启动对倍耐力的收购，中国化工将获得控股地位。
此举（）A．创新了利用外资的方式B．优化了对外贸易的结构C．拓展了发展空间，落实了走出去战略D．拓宽了发展渠道，落实了引进来战略5.对于群众而言，信访耗时耗力，还很有可能“见不到领导”，问题没解决，先生了一肚子气。
工欲善其事，必先利其器，视频接访系统建成后，创造了新的信访方式，大大降低了群众的信访成本，减少了信访过程中所不必要的“怨气”。
浙江省2015届高三高考全真模拟考试政治试卷 Word版含答案.pdf
③明确政府职能责任，规范权力运行机制④缩小政府职能范围，释放市场主体活力
A．③④B．②③ C．①④ D．①②
35．2015年4月13日晚，伴随悠扬的笛声、激越的琵琶、行云流水般的古筝和震撼心灵的鼓声在加拿大温哥华市陈
氏演艺中心响起，2015-2016中加文化交流年正式拉开序幕。中加文化交流年活动将继续深化两国人民的相互了解与友
“田氏审美”，田沁鑫还巧妙地让“甄体”混搭现代语言，将古装版的电视剧《甄传》变身为一个虚拟的现代寓言，吸
引了广大观众。上述材料说明
①文化工作者要积极创造人民群众喜闻乐见的文化 ②中华文化博大精深
③大众传媒能够最大程度地超越时空的局限
④形式创新促进文化发展
A．①②
B．②③
C． ①④
D．③④
A．关键部分的功能对整体起决定性作用B．事物的矛盾具有不平衡性
C．要着重抓住事物的主要矛盾D．世界观揭示了事物最本质与最普遍的规律
30．木拉提·西日甫江是新疆和田地区一名公安民警。在多年从警生涯中先后数十次将暴恐犯罪活动消灭在萌芽状
态之中，他也因此被当地群众誉为猎鹰（维吾尔语的尊称，传说中老百姓的守护者）。该材料揭示的哲理是
文科综合参考答案
1. A 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. A
11. D12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 16. C 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. A
21. C 22. D23. D24. C 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. B35. D 二、非选择题（共6小题，共160分） 36.（1）特点：①湖区盐度西部比东部低（2分）；②湖区盐度呈上升趋势（2分）。 原因：西淡东咸：①西部有伊犁河河水注入，对湖水盐分稀释作用明显，盐度低（2分）；②东部地处内陆，降水 稀少，蒸发旺盛，缺少河流注入，盐度高（2分）；③巴尔喀什湖东西狭长，中部窄，不利于东西两边水体交换，加剧 东西盐度差异（2分）。盐度上升：①气候日趋干旱，增发旺盛（2分）；②周边工农业不断发展，大量引用河流淡水 ，导致入湖水量减少（2分）。 （2）差异：阿拉木图年降水量大于阿斯塔纳（2分）；阿斯塔纳夏季降水稍多，阿拉木图冬春季节降水较多且雨季 降水量更大（2分）。原因：阿拉木图位于地形迎风坡，冬春季节来自北冰洋、大西洋的冷湿气流遇到山坡阻挡抬升 ，形成地形雨（2分），而阿斯塔纳位于平原地形区，地形抬升作用不明显，降水少（2分）。 （3）哈萨克斯坦地处北半球中纬内陆，干旱、半干旱的气候有利甘草生长且当地人没有使用甘草的习惯，盛产甘 草，加工原料丰富；甘草使用价值高，经济效益明显；哈萨克斯坦劳动力丰富廉价；甘草加工品的市场需求量大等。 （言之有理，酌情给分。每点2分，总分8分） 37.（1）西三角为长三角提供能源、矿产等资源；提供充足廉价劳动力；提供广阔的内地市场；承接东部产业转移 。长三角为西三角提供先进的技术、管理经验和充裕的资金；提供便利的出海通道和广阔的东部市场。两地产业进行有 效分工合作，构建产业链；共同培育品牌，抱团参与国际竞争；加强两地交通建设，完善投资渠道，扩大人才交流。 (答出4小点即可，每点2分，总分8分) （2）特点：集中分布在中部平原地区（或集中分布在渭河平原）（2分） 原因：中部平原地区为地堑，地下水资源较丰富（2分）；中部平原地区，人口稠密，产业发达，需水量大，地表 缺水严重。（2分） 问题：抽水井集中分布，过度抽取地下水，导致地下水资源减少，甚至枯竭；地下水位下降，引起地面沉降；大量 抽取地下水灌溉，加剧灌区盐碱化。（每点2分，总分4分） （3）处于陇海铁路干线上，交通便利；省内及周边地区煤炭等矿产资源丰富；聚集着一大批科研院所和大中院校 ，科研力量雄厚；六大古都之一，历史文化底蕴厚重；工业基础好等等。答出4点即可，总分8分.（1）政策：改土归流 。（2分）。 内容：明清两代在西南少数民族地区废除土司实行流官员的政治措施；（2分）元朝在西南 地区实行土司制度，明朝已经开始出现废除土司实行流官统治的做法，清代雍正年间 大规模实施，乾隆时期大部分土官被废；（2分）中央政府的统治大大强化。（2分） （内容、过程、影响各2分） （2）原因：新疆战略地位重要（保卫蒙古和京师的价值）；英国和俄国在新疆扩张侵略势 力，新疆面临危机。（4分） 方式：①军事斗争，史实：左宗棠击败入侵的阿古柏，收复新疆。②外交谈判，史实：曾纪 泽赴俄国谈判，收回伊犁。③行政管理,史实：清政府在新疆设行省，加强控制。（方式和 史实各1分，共6分） （3）原因：历史传统：自秦朝以来，统一多民族国家的长期存在；历代王朝实行的因俗而 治、因地制宜的统治策略。（2分）现实国情：中国中国各民族的人口分布呈现大散居、小 聚居、交错杂居的特点。（2分） 积极作用：有利于维护国家统一、民族团结和统一多民族国家的发展；有利于少数民族当家 作主和民族地区经济和社会的发展。（4分） 39.（1）问题：人口拥挤，住房条件差，空气污染严重，健康受到威胁。（4分） 工业革命推动城市化进程，人口大量流向城市 蒸汽机的推广使煤炭资源大量采用，造成空气污染严重，威胁人们健康。（4分）（2）原因：斯大林模式下农业发 展迟缓，造成粮食供应严重不足；赫鲁晓夫选择以农业为改革突破口（4分） 影响：农业形势一度有所好转，粮食产量有所提高； 盲目种植玉米，农业再度出现危机，造成很多地区饲料严重短缺，导致牲畜大量减少； 造成严重的土地荒漠化，破坏了环境。（6分） （3）趋势：经济全球化过程中，环境保护问题日益严重，威胁全人类的生存； 启示：践行科学发展观，走可持续发展道路，自觉；借鉴国外的经验教训，生产力发展不能再以牺牲环境为代价 ，发展经济应与环境保护同步；借鉴和吸取古代道法自然、天人合一等生态思想，古代；立足科技创新落实转型发展战
广东省深圳中学2015届高考考前热身训练语文试卷
广东省深圳中学2015届高考考前热身训练语文试卷广东省深圳中学2015届高考考前热身训练语文试卷太子头上的广东省深圳中学2015届高考考前热身训练语文试卷语文2015.5.23本试卷共10页，24小题，满分150分。
考试用时l50分钟。
一、本大题4小题，每小题3分，共12分。
1．下列词语中加点的字，每对读音都不相同的一组是A．舷梯/炫耀佣工/佣金追根溯源/素昧平生B．纤夫/纤细卡片/关卡方兴未艾/自怨自艾C．刹那/古刹殷红/殷切强弩之末/强人所难D．角斗/主角押解/解放供认不讳／供不应求2．下面语段中画线的词语，使用不恰当的一项是傅雷气度轩昂，像一棵笔挺的秀竹，宁折不弯。
他的夫人雍容静肃，端庄憨厚，柔情似水，像一根缠绕秀竹的春藤。
二者珠联璧合，相得益彰，自然放射出人生最瑰丽的光芒。
一对恩爱夫妻，可以如胶似漆，举案齐眉；但真正能做到携手共赴正义，蹈死不顾，恐怕自古至今之人也望尘莫及。
傅雷夫妇做到了，他们是中国知识分子崇高人格的大写意。
A.雍容B.珠联璧合C.瑰丽D. 望尘莫及3．下列句子中，没有语病的一项是A.国务院总理李克强4月8日主持召开国务院常务会议，会议决定在全国范围清理涉企收费项目，下调工商业用电价格，依法适当减轻铁矿石资源税征收比例，多措并举，减轻企业负担，支持实体经济发展。
B.“一带一路”的建设秉持的是共商、共建、共享原则，它不是封闭的，而是开放包容的。
中国不仅从“一带一路”的建设中获得利益，而且沿线国家也要从中获得利益。
C.据安徽省种子管理总站的调查结果显示，2014年10月，安徽蚌埠、安庆、合肥、滁州、马鞍山、淮南等六市种植的“两优0293”发生大面积减产、绝收，受灾面积超过一万亩。
D.意大利神经学家赛吉尔·卡纳维罗找到了一种技术，它可以将病人的头部移植到健康的身体上，使其“重获新生”。
俄罗斯一名工程师有望在明年接受这种头部移植手术，他将成为全球首位进行头部移植的患者。
【三维设计】2015高考历史(人教)一轮总复习专题近代西方的政治、经济与文化含古希腊人文思想
通史滚动检测(二)| 近代西方的政治、经济与文化(含古希腊人文思想)(时间：45分钟满分：100分)一、选择题(每小题5分，共60分)1．“古代世界的三个相隔很远的地区，在大约同一时候都开展着高度的哲学活动。
当希腊人正在探讨物质世界的性质、印度思想家正在思考灵魂和神的关系时，中国的圣人正试图去发现人类社会和贤明政治的根本原则。
”古代希腊和中国的哲学思想相通的是() A．以人为本，关注社会B．反对迷信，蔑视神权C．民主权利，源远流长D．思想一统，法律至上解析：选A本题考查学生对中外古代哲学思想的理解能力。
古希腊哲学家智者学派把讨论的重点从认识自然转到认识社会，强调人的价值和人的作用。
孔子等思想家主张仁爱，孟子主张仁政，由此可见其共同点，故选A项。
2．关注时代特征是把握历史的核心。
如果把15～16世纪西欧社会发生的错综复杂的历史事件或现象加以归纳概括，其最基本的特征是()A．在动荡中进入中世纪B．在演变中走出中世纪C．在革命中实现民主化D．在变革中实践工业化解析：选B本题以文艺复兴和宗教改革为切入点，考查对时代发展脉络的掌握。
解答关键是依据题干“15～16世纪”的时间信息，依据所学知识可知，此时西欧经历了文艺复兴和宗教改革，人们思想获得解放，正从中世纪的黑暗中走出来，故选B项。
3．(2014·休宁质检)1688年英国发生“光荣革命”，最早创立了近代政治制度，恰好在此前一年，牛顿完成了他的代表作《自然哲学的数学原理》，这两件大事() A．构成17世纪“双元革命”的奇观B．是英国工业革命的产物C．对全球化产生了一定影响D．使英国成为“日不落”帝国解析：选A1688年英国发生“光荣革命”，由君主专制向君主立宪制过渡，其“政治革命”影响到其他国家政治制度的确立；1688年牛顿完成代表作《自然哲学的数学原理》，标志着经典力学体系的确立，其“科学革命”改变人们对自然界的认识。
B、D两项时间是18世纪中期，C项经济全球化与题意无关，故答案为A。
2015届高考英语考前专题提升训练：政治经济文化、教育类完形填空
1.（2014届福建省漳州市七校高三第二次联考英语试卷）Most parents, I suppose, have had the experience of reading a bedtime story to their children. And they must have how difficult it is to write a children's book. Either the author has aimed too . , so that the children can't follow what is in his (or more often, her) story, the story seems to be talking to the readers.The best children's books are very difficult nor very simple, and satisfy both the who hears the story and the adult who it. Unfortunately, there are in fact books like this, the problem of finding the right bedtime story is not to solve.This may be why many of books regarded as of children's literature were in fact written for . “Alice's Adventure in Wonderland” is perhaps the most of this.Children, left for themselves, often the worst possible interest in literature. Just leave a child in bookshop or and he will more willingly choose the books in an imaginative way, or have a look at most children's comics ( 连环画), full of the stories and jokes to which both teachers and right-thinking parents .Perhaps we parents should stop trying to persuade children into our taste in literature. After all children and adults are so that we parents should not expect that they will enjoy the books. So I suppose we'll just have to compromise（妥协）over that bedtime story. 146．A.hoped B. realized C. told D. said147．A.short B. long C. bad D. good148．A. easy B. short C. high D. difficult149．A. and B. but C. or D. so150．A. both B. neither C. either D. very151．A. child B. father C. mother D. teacher152．A. hears B. buys C. understands D. reads153．A. few B. many C. little D. much154．A. but B. however C. so D. because155．A.hard B. easy C. enough D. fast156．A.articles B. work C. arts D. works157．A. adults B. girls C. boys D. children158．A. difficult B. hidden C. obvious D. easy159．A. are B. show C. find D. add160．A. library B. school C. home D. office161．A. read B. designed C. printed D. written162．A. favor B. interest C. object D. read163．A.receiving B. accepting C. having D. refusing164．A.same B. friendly C. different D. common165．mon B. average C. different D. same2.（2014届浙江省杭州高级中学高三第六次月考英语试卷）I’d meant to go to Miros that day. I’d packed my bag and was ready. The motor-boat in on time. The sky was cloudy, but the wind wasn’t too strong for the two-hour . I stood at my window, staring at the boat. Then I lost of her, an old light-house partly blocked my view of the harbor. A dozen passengers were their way there. I was about to join them --- when a man’s face at the light-house window.This was strange, because the light-house had been empty, unused and for thirty years. It was stranger still --- because I’d seen that before. I couldn’t place it but it was, or had once been, familiar to me. I opened my window and across. “I know we’ve met before, but I can’t remember where.”I him to open his if he could and answer me. He did neither. The face behind the glass motionless (静止). Seeing him more clearly now, I knew he was not looking at me. He seemed to be looking upwards, the clouds. How well I’d known that face, sometime, somewhere!I again. “We met years ago. Was it in Athens in the 1950s? I used to live in Plaka.”He didn’t reply nor give any that he’d heard. I we nt back further, to I was in the navy. “Perhaps we met at sea during the war,” and that thought at once him to mind. Commander Leftis! He was Commander Leftis of course! How could I have forgotten? I’d saved his life once. But surely he …The motor-boat her bell. I turned my eyes. The wind had risen, but she was pulling . Laughing, I called, “Now I’ve missed her, and it’s your , Commander!”As the boat drew away, the face at the window faded. minute it was there. Looking up, I could see the whites of the eyes. The minute it was gone.Well, I didn’t rush to the light-house. I knew that Leftis was dead. He died at sea in 1963 or 1964. But there’s one other thing I ought to tell you: the motor-boat never reached Miros. It was lost in a storm, with all the passengers.166．A. reached B. arrived C. went D. came 167．A. voyage B. crossing C. travel D. boating 168．A. sight B. way C. patience D. chances 169．A. searching B. finding C. making D. hurrying170．A. placed B. existed C. occurred D. appeared171．A. locked B. opened C. rebuilt D. chained 172．A. man B. face C. window D. light-house 173．A. jumped B. ran C. shouted D. screamed174．A. expected B. hoped C. believed D. asked 175．A. became B. remained C. seemed D. grew176．A. through B. after C. for D. at177．A. persuaded B. repeated C. tried D. continued178．A. suggestion B. answer C. sign D. action 179．A. when B. which C. where D. how180．A. kept B. brought C. caused D. changed181．A. beat B. rang C. turned on D. put on182．A. up B. down C. in D. out183．A. problem B. question C. duty D. fault184．A. Each B. Every C. One D. Some185．A. next B. rest C. other D. last3.（2014届四川省苍溪中学高三下学期月考英语试卷）I learned all about taking responsibility from my mother’s tough love. My mom had a wonderful way of helping you up and realize that your life is going to be what you make it.She had this circular way of you took responsibility for your decisions and the person you would . She would say,“ It' s your .” “What you want and what you get are sometimes two different things.” And then, “No one ever said life was fair.” And she wouldthese comments together in such a way that you could never an argument, and yet, the was that you realized your life is going to be what you make it.So I might go to my mom and say, “I’d like to football”. And she would say, “Well, it's your life. If you want to go out there and get and hurt and break your knees and limp around the rest of your life, that' s fine.” Tha t is I would say, “Well, you know, that won’t . I' m really fast.” And she would reply, “Well, we don’t really have the money.” And then I would , “Yes but that' s not fair.” And she would reply, “ Well, life isn’t .” Then I would say, “But I’ve been itching to." And she would reply, “Yes, but what you want and what you get are usually two entirely different things.”It was the combination of these that allowed my mother to lead me down the right path under her but let me feel as if I was making the decisions my own. The sum total of that was, in the end, you’re for the life you lead. That' s the best advice I’ve ever gotten. 186．A. light B. open C. grow D. keep187．A. promising B. ensuring C. ignoring D. noticing 188．A. protect B. envy C. refuse D. become 189．A. fault B. life C. progress D. turn190．A. Then B. But C. Now D. However191．A. increasingly B. approximately C. completely D. occasionally 192．A. combine B. remind C. answer D. publish 193．A. lose B. doubt C. win D. raise194．A. belief B. reason C. mistake D. result195．A. quit B. play C. buy D. watch196．A. beaten up B. dressed up C. divided D. closed up197．A. what B. how C. when D. which198．A. fail B. work C. last D. happen 199．A. take B. go C. make D. catch200．A. fair B. cosy C. hard D. special 201．A. comments B. descriptions C. techniques D. messages202．A. temper B. influence C. activity D. success203．A. for B. on C. over D. beyond204．A. mind B. account C. deal D. advice205．A. famous B. responsible C. sorry D. thankful【答案及其解析】146．B147．D148．C149．C150．B151．A152．D153．A154．C155．B156．D157．A158．C159．B160．A161．D162．C163．B164．C165．D【解析】大多数家长都曾经有过给孩子们睡觉前讲故事的经历，并且都意识到选一本适合孩子的书是多么的不容易，儿童读物的作者要么立意过高，超过了孩子们的理解范围，要么只适合读者阅读。
福建省厦门双十中学2015届高三热身考最新文综Word版含答案
2015年双十中学热身考试
文科综合能力测试
考试时间：2015年6月1日9：00～11：30
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，其中第Ⅱ卷第40～42题为选考题，其他题为必考题。
第Ⅰ卷（共144分）
本卷共36小题，每小题4分，共144分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
平均可达性是指利用特定的交通方式，从某一地点到达指定位置的平均最短交通时间（小时）。
图1示意我国南方部分中心城市高铁通车前后可达
性均值（小时）变化。
据此完成1～2题。
1．图示中心城市的平均可达性改善最明显的是
A ．武汉
B ．南京
C ．福州
D ．南昌
2．中心城市平均可达性的改善将导致
A ．城市服务范围扩大
B ．城市等级体系完善
C ．中心城区出现衰弱
D ．物流业趋向高铁站图2示意中国、美国、印度近300年耕地与人均耕地面积变化，读图完成3～4题。
3．图中①②③代表的国家依次是
A ．美国、印度、中国
B ．美国、中国、印度
C ．中国、印度、美国
D ．中国、美国、印度图1 图2。
【VIP专享】2015经济常识综合测试
2015高中政治总复习必备冲刺试题姓名： 班级 分数 一、单项选择题（每小题2分，共48分）1．（2013·海南单科·T1）2012年某国国民经济总体上是平衡的。
假设2013年该国待售商品量增加14％，货币流通速度提高5％，物价水平上涨3％，在其他条件不变的情况下，国民经济要保持平衡，流通中所需要的货币量应：（）A．减少11．8％ B．增加11．8％ C．减少1 6．2％ D．增加16．2％2.（2013年高考福建卷31）“贾人（商人）夏则资（购买）皮，冬则资絺（夏天用的细麻布），旱则资舟，水则资车”。
这告诉我们（）A.经营谋略在经济活动中起决定作用B.商人利用求异心理进行经营，不值得提倡C.商人可综合利用影响价格的因素以获取更多利润D.该经济活动违背了价值规律，是暂时的经济行为3. [2013·江苏单科·T9]中小企业是我国最具活力的企业群体，在GDP 中的比重约为60%，提供了约70% 的城镇就业岗位。
自2011 年以来，受需求不足、成本上升等不利因素的影响，中小企业的发展遇到较大困难。
为此，国家加大了对中小企业的扶持力度，这有利于A.贯彻按劳分配原则 B.优化我国所有制结构C.解决消费不足问题D.发挥中小企业的主导作用4.（2013全国卷II 13）近年来，智能手机市场的竞争日趋激烈。
除传统手机制造商外，许多网络公司也纷纷斥资研发智能手机，并将内置其网络产品的智能手机推向市场。
在下列选项中，能够解释“网络公司造手机”原因的是A.生产智能手机的利润率高于其他行业B.网络公司的业务创新速度不断加快C.传统手机制造商生产智能手机能力不足D.网络公司延伸产业链提高综合竞争力5. [2013·上海单科·13] “3D打印”是一种可能带来第三次工业革命的数字化制造技术。
美国一家小公司仅需几个员工操控12台3D打印机，就可以大量生产不锈钢船舶螺旋桨和油泵部件。
高三政治考前热身训练[原创]旧人教
![高三政治考前热身训练[原创]旧人教](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/85c2cf6cfe4733687f21aa05.png)
高三政治考前热身训练一、单项选择题：在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题意的。
本大题共24小题，每小题2分，共48分。
1．世界海拔最高线路最长的高原铁路——青藏铁路2006年7月1日全线建成通车。
青藏铁路全长__________公里，全路有_________公里线路位于4000米以上高海拔地区。
A．1956 960 B．1956 550 C．1142 960 D．1142 550 2．2006年7月11日，在2006年瑞士洛桑田径超级大奖赛男子__________比赛中，__________以12秒88勇夺冠军，打破了沉睡13年的该项目世界纪录。
A．110米栏姚明B．100米姚明C．110米栏刘翔D．100米刘翔3．胡锦涛同志2006年8月15日在中共中央举行的学习__________报告会上发表重要讲话指出，“三个代表”重要思想涵盖了社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、________和党的建设以及国防和军队现代化建设、祖国统一、国际战略和外交工作等各个领域，涉及改革发展稳定、内政外交国防、治党治国治军等各个方面，是一个完整的科学的思想体系。
A．《江泽民文选》社会建设B．《江泽民文选》干部队伍建设C．《邓小平文选》社会建设D．《邓小平文选》干部队伍建设4．2006年10月8日~11日举行的中共十六届六中全会通过了《中共中央关于构建社会主义和谐社会若干重大问题的决定》。
《决定》指出，社会主义___________是建设和谐文化的根本。
关于良好的社会道德风尚，《决定》将其精简为8个字：爱国、敬业、__________、友善。
A．荣辱观诚信B．核心价值体系守法C．荣辱观守法D．核心价值体系诚信5．纪念红军长征胜利________周年大会2006年10月22日在北京人民大会堂隆重举行。
A．75 B．70 C．60 D．806．2006年6月15日，上海合作组织成员国元首理事会第六次会议在上海举行。
福建省厦门双十中学2015届高三高考前热身考试卷政治 Word版含答案.pdf
③实践是认识的目的和归宿
④矛盾双方在一定条件下相互转化
A．①②③④
B．②④①③
C．②①④③
D．②①③④
35. 图7是某地肉牛生态养殖循环经济示意图。此示意图说明
A．人们可以根据自己的愿望建立事物的联系
B．人们能够根据事物的固有联系建立自在联系
C. 发挥能动性建立事物的联系是事物存在和发展的前提
（2）①把文化产业推向市场，让市场在资源配置中起决定性作用，有利于提高经济效益，但不能把经济效益放在
首位。还要发展公益性文化事业，提高人们的消费水平和劳动者素质，带动相关产业发展。②文化体制改革既要大力发
展文化事业，又要大力发展文化产业，增强创新驱动发展，推动文化产业成为国民经济的支柱产业。③文化体制改革必
福建省厦门双十中学5月高三热身考试
文科综合能力试卷政治部分
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，其中第Ⅱ卷第40～42题为选考题，其他题为必考题。
第Ⅰ卷（共144分）
本卷共36小题，每小题4分，共144分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
25．2014年3月15日正式实施的新《消费者权益保护法》规定，经营者应当采取技术等必要措施，确保信息安全
A．①②③
B. ②③④
C. ①③④
D. ①②④
34.下列四句名言分别体现的哲理依次为
名言体现的哲理最简单的事是坚持，最难的事也是坚持你把周围的人看做天使，你就生活在天堂骄傲是胜利下的蛋
，孵出来的却是失败语言是美丽的花朵，行动才能真正结果①意识具有主动创造性和自觉选择性
②事物是矛盾
的统一体
逐步提高最低工资标准，进一步扩大社会保障范围、提高保障水平。下列对这些举措实施后可能产生的影响的推导，正
【三维设计】2015高考历史(人教)一轮总复习专题中国现代的政治、经济与文化
通史滚动检测(四)| 中国现代的政治、经济与文化(时间：45分钟满分：100分)一、选择题(每小题5分，共60分)1．自建国后，中国大陆的电影开场前会都会播放10分钟的《新闻简报》；其内容涵盖社会生活各个领域。
下列场景不可能在《新闻简报》中出现的是()A．过渡时期，宣传人民公社的优越性B．全面建设社会主义时期，宣告“一五”计划超额完成C．“文革”时期，报道“东方红一号”发射升空D．改革开放时期，报道农民承包土地解析：选A从历史发展的脉络和阶段特征来看，过渡时期是从1949年至1956年，而人民公社应是在1958年开始的，A项说法错误，符合题意。
全面建设社会主义时期是从1956年开始，而“一五”计划于1956年提前超额完成；“东方红一号”发射升空是在1970年，正处于“文革”期间；家庭联产承包责任制于1980年开始，处于改革开放时期。
A、B、D 三项不符合题意。
2．(2014·广德调研测试)下图是建国后清华大学院系调整前后的状况。
对此材料的理解最准确的是()A．工业化正成为时代的主旋律B．社会主义现代化建设全面展开C．建国初技术人才匮乏D．国内形势日趋稳定解析：选A注意图片中的院系调整以及时间信息“1953年”，1953年后，与工业有关的院系大批量设立，客观上反映了国家工业化的迅速兴起，故选A项。
3．(2014·涡阳学情调研)据新华社报道，原籍常州的台胞周纯娟女士，是第一个取得入境大陆探亲签证的人。
当她第一次探亲走出机场出口的时候，82岁的周老先生一眼就认出女儿，健步迎上去与女儿紧紧拥抱，眼睛全湿润了，泪水里浸满了40年的思念。
这一历史事件表明()A．两岸达成了“一个国家”共识B．台湾当局结束对大陆敌对政策C．两岸关系缓和出现历史性变化D．大陆对台政策发生根本性转折解析：选C从材料“第一个取得入境大陆探亲签证的人”可看出两岸已出现了缓和之风，两岸长期隔绝状态被打破。
此情景出现在20世纪80年代后期，故选C项。
河南省高三高考热身练习政治试卷(解析版)
河南省高三高考热身练习政治试卷（解析版）SYS201511060601一、单选题详细信息1. 难度：简单假设W企业2013年生产的甲产品价格与价值一致，每小时生产的甲产品价格为200元。
2014年生产甲产品的社会劳动生产率不变，W企业的劳动生产率提高25%，在货币贬值20%的情况下，不考虑其他因素，W企业1小时生产甲产品的价格总额是A.200元B.250元C.192元 D.312.5元SYS20151106060详细信息2. 难度：中等设变量△m=p/q(p为流通中货币的需求量，q为流通中实际货币发行量)，M国2014年前三季度△m在区间（0.5,1.5）间变动，不考虑其他的因素，下列说法正确的是A.若△m从0.5向1变动，说明该国通货膨胀压力增大B.若△m从1向0.5变动，说明该国通货紧缩情况好转C.若△m从0.5向1.5变动，说明该国通货紧缩转为通货膨胀D.若△m从1向1.5变动，说明该国通货紧缩情况加剧SYS20151106060详细信息3. 难度：中等在2015年政府工作报告中明确提出2015年中央预算内投资增加到4776亿元，但政府不唱“独角戏”要更大激发民间投资活力，引导社会资本投向更多领域，其中，铁路投资要保持在8000亿元以上，我国让社会资本参与铁路建设①有利于优化经济结构，通过竞争激发民间资本在社会总资产中的优势②有利于缓解铁路建设资金不足的问题，推动基础设施的完善③政府不唱“独角戏”削弱了政府在铁路建设中的作用④有利于打造公开公平公正的市场环境，促进各种所有制经济共同发展A.①③B.②④C.③④ D.①②SYS20151106060详细信息4. 难度：中等英国著名会计师事务所普华永道2015年1月27日发布报告称，2014年中国企业国内并购交易创历史新高，交易金额达4070亿美元，比上年增长63%。
我国企业加快并购①表明我国企业参与全球竞争的能力提高②有利于企业做大做强，增强自身竞争力③这是市场发挥作用促进资源配置的体现④可以避免同行间的竞争，增加企业利润A.①②B.①④C.②③ D.③④SYS20151106060详细信息5. 难度：中等“坚持科学民主决策”是加强政府自身建设的三项基本准则之一。
安徽省合肥市第八中学2015届高三下学期考前热身练文科综合能力测试(四)政治试题 含解析
一、选择题：本卷共11小题.每小题4分，共44分.在每个小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1。
供给弹性表示某一商品的供给量对其本身价格变动的反应程度，其公式为:E=Q/P（E是供给弹性，Q是供给量变动的百分比，P是价格变动的百分比），其计算结果主要有:E〉1，E=1,E〈1，E=0.下列商品与此结果对应排序正确的是（)A。
普通家具乳制品高档轿车明代青花瓷B。
普通家具乳制品高档轿车风力发电设备C。
乳制品高档轿车普通家具明代青花瓷D.乳制品普通家具高档轿车风力发电设备【答案】A【解析】试题分析：依据供给弹性的公式E=Q/P可知，供给量越多，价格变动越小。
因此,普通家具、乳制品、高档轿车、明代青花瓷对应排序正确，故选项A正确.选项B中的风力发电设备对应不正确.选项C 中除了鸣笛啊青花瓷对应正确意外，对应均不正确。
选项D对应不正确,故排除。
故答案选A。
考点:供求和价格的关系2.近年限制“三公”消费以来，高端白酒量价齐跌。
面临下行压力，某酒业股份有限公司压缩高端白酒产量,扩大黄酒产量.为抢占市场，除了传统的销售渠道，还开辟电商销售渠道，产品进驻酒仙网，在天猫购物商城开旗舰店。
该酒业公司的举措体现了( )①公司生产和销售结构的调整②公司盈利水平的提升③公司经营战略的转变④公司融资能力的下降A．①②B．①③C．②④D．③④【答案】B【解析】试题分析：面临下行压力，某酒业股份有限公司为抢占市场，除了传统的销售渠道,还开辟电商销售渠道，这体现了该酒业公司对生产和销售结构的调整，转变经营战略，故题肢①③正确；题肢②④与材料主旨内容不符，故排除。
故本题答案选B.考点：企业的生产和经营3.根据十八届四中全会精神，我国确立了“税收法定”的原则，税收法定的实质就是把政府征税的权力关进“法律的笼子里”。
材料表明( ）A．税收具有强制性、无偿性的特征B．税收具有强制性、固定性的特征C．税收是实现国家职能的基础D．税收是财政收入的基本形式【答案】B考点：税收的基本特征4。
【三维设计】2015高考历史(人教)一轮总复习专题世界现代的政治、经济与文化
通史滚动检测(五)| 世界现代的政治、经济与文化(时间：45分钟满分：100分)一、选择题(每小题5分，共60分)1．1947年3月，杜鲁门向国会提出咨文说：“在世界历史上的这一时刻，几乎每一个国家都必须在两种不同的生活方式中进行选择。
这种选择是正常的而不是自由的……”上述言论的背景是()A．美苏两国均想主导战后世界的重建B．以美国为主导的世界贸易体系已经形成C．战后科技革命使物质财富极大增长D．两大军事政治集团的对峙局面正式形成解析：选A题干材料中的“1947年3月，杜鲁门向国会提出的咨文”即杜鲁门主义，标志着美苏冷战开始，美苏冷战的背景是美苏两国势均力敌，都想主导战后世界的重建。
2．(2014·砀山模拟)下图为我国漫画家华君武1947年创作的一幅时政漫画作品。
该漫画主要()A．强调战后西欧各国经济的悲苦无奈B．说明西欧各国国际影响力江河日下C．揭露美国援助西欧的实质和真实目的D．讽刺资本主义世界各国的貌合神离解析：选C从图中的时间信息可知这是对马歇尔计划的讽刺。
漫画旨在说明美国对西欧实行援助像黄鼠狼给鸡拜年一样不安好心。
故C项符合题意。
3．1957年西欧六国签订《罗马条约》。
对此，美国总统艾森豪威尔在会见法国代表团时说：“(欧洲)共同市场建成的那一天，将是自由世界最美好的日子之一，甚至要比赢得战争(指‘冷战’)胜利的那一天更加美好。
”美国支持“共同市场”反映的实质问题是() A．美国希望欧洲一体化为美国霸权服务B．欧洲一体化有利于美国对其加强控制C．欧洲一体化增强了其对抗美国的实力D．“冷战”形成是欧洲一体化的必备条件解析：选A本题可以采用排除法。
欧洲走向联合原因主要是欧洲实力衰落，为了摆脱美国控制和苏联威胁，故B项说法不正确；“冷战”形成推动欧洲一体化进程，但并非必备条件，故D项说法不正确；C项不能说明美国支持“共同市场”的实质。
美国支持“共同市场”是从其自身利益考虑，故A项正确。
高考历史一轮复习测试题：政治、经济、文化模块
政治、经济、文化模块一、选择题:本题共16小题,每小题3分,共48分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.公元前3世纪左右,富有平民和贵族逐渐融合为新贵,共同把持政权,使罗马从氏族贵族专权的国家变成新的奴隶主贵族专政的国家,以后的平民主要指城乡居民中的下层群众。
材料主要说明古罗马()A.平民阶层已上升为统治阶级B.帝国统治基础扩大C.形势发展推动平民内涵变化D.工商经济发展繁荣2.史载,明代江南昆山县的农家妇女“凡耘耨、刈获、桔槔之事,与男子共其劳”,但“麻缕机织之事,则男子素习焉,妇人或不如也”。
据此可以推断出,该地区()A.农民生活与市场关系密切B.采用传统的生产方式C.妇女的社会地位有所提高D.缺乏精耕细作的技术3.孔子称赞管仲辅佐齐桓公“霸诸侯,一匡天下”;孟子提出“定于一”,尊新王;韩非子主张“万乘之主(注:指君主),有能服术行法……其兼天下不难矣”。
由此可知()A.儒家与法家都重视道德B.三者均认同国家一统C.孔孟和韩非均推崇霸道D.儒法都主张王权独尊4.汉代,从刘邦之子汉惠帝刘盈开始,谥号以复谥为主,且第一个字都用“孝”字。
如汉惠帝谥号孝惠皇帝、汉武帝谥号孝武皇帝等。
这可以用来说明()A.“独尊儒术”已经成为定势B.儒学逐渐实现了世俗化C.汉代道德政治渐趋形成D.君权受到宗法关系制约5.头巾是宋代文人士大夫的至爱,披戴头巾往往能显其风雅之情趣。
以名士命名所戴头巾,更是风行于世。
如程子巾——相传北宋程颢曾戴此巾,因此得名。
南宋林景熙有诗云:爆竹声残事事新,独邻临镜尚儒巾。
这表明()A.理学已成为官方哲学B.文人风气崇尚浮华C.主流意识向服饰渗透D.南北文化交流加强6.黄宗羲讲学时,经常推荐弟子读《几何原本》,著名思想家李二曲也常要求其学生习《农政全书》《泰西水法》等书籍;明末流行的《天工开物》是清初向国外出口的重要书籍之一。
这反映了明清之际()A.中学突破传统窠臼B.中西方文化的全面融合C.西方科技受到士大夫普遍认可D.经世致用思潮有利于西学东渐7.在古希腊,“智慧”一词原意为“实践的技艺”,后随着历史的演变,词义逐渐丰富为“熟谙日常事务、能做出健全的判断、聪明、具有实践的智慧”。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2015届高考考前热身专练：政治经济文化、教育类填空1.（2014届江西新余一中宜春中学高三年级联考英语卷）An increase in students applying to study economics at university is being attributed to the global economic crisis awakening a public 36 for knowledge about how the financial system 37 .Applications for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January, 38 UCAS, the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service. A spokesman for the Royal Economic Society said applications to do economics at A-level were 39 up.Professor John Beath, the president of the society, and a 40 lecturer at St Andrews University, said his first-year lectures—which are open to students from all departments—were 41 crowds of 400, rather than the 42 250.“There are a large number of students who are not economics 43 who would like to learn something about it. One of the things I have done this year is to 44 my teaching to contemporary events in a way that one hasn’t 45 done.”He added.University applications 46 7% last year. But there were rises 47 average in several subjects. Nursing saw a 15% jump, with people’s renewed 48 in careers in the public sector, which are seen as more secure in economic crisis.A 49 study showed almost two thirds of parents believed schools should do more to teach pupils about financial 50 and almost half said their children had asked them what was 51 , although a minority of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain. Zack Hocking, the head of Child Trust Funds, said: “It’s possible that one good thing to arise from the 52 will be a generation that’s financially 53 and better equipped to 54 their money through times of economic 55 .”66．A．concern B．thirst C．sense D．taste67．A．worksB．performs C．serves D．affects68．A．in terms of B．according to C．on account of D．in spite of69．A．yet B．once C．also D．still70．A．outstanding B．inspiring C．convincing D．leading71．A．catching B．appealing C．drawing D．covering72．A．usual B．regular C. average D．common73．A．majors B．interests C．preferences D．standards74．A．attach B．adapt C．approach D．relate75．A．generally B．frequently C．traditionally D．originally 76．A．raised B．rose C．fell D．struck77．A．by B．in C．over D．above78．A．effect B．focus C．interest D．benefit79．A．recent B．late C．present D．unique80．A．matters B．affairs C. events D．issues81．A．taking up B．going on C．calling up D．keeping on82．A．overturn B．downturn C．breakthrough D．breakout83．A．cleverer B．smarter C．brighter D．wiser84．A．strugglt B．measure C．manage D．earn85．A．stability B．puzzle C．uncertainty D．recovery2.（2014届贵州省六校联盟高三第二次联考英语试卷）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21~40各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I was a law professor, a student reported that I made an error in grading his exam by giving him too many points. He was and after thanking him for his honesty, I changed the in my records. His beaming (欢笑的) face turned to “You’re lowering my grade?” he said angrily. “I would never have come in ……”He didn’t finish the but it was obvious that his display of honesty was false. He thought he’d have it all—praise and the grade.Several colleagues thought I should have let the higher grade stand all I’d accomplished was to discourage him from being in the future. And every time I tell this , some people agree with this remark.But I can’t see how I could give good for worsening my mistake in grading by undermining (损害) the honesty of all my grades by failing to an error. The grade itself would be a dishonest reflection of his and it would have been to otherstudents. How could I possibly give a a gift of an unearned grade?I know voluntarily reporting an error in one’s favor is , but, like extra change, it’s the thing to do. People with real honesty, hate to give up benefits as mush as anyone else. The difference is that for them a good conscience and reputation is reward enough to give reason for the cost of doing the right thing.Perhaps the student’s grade did discourage him from being honest in the future, but bribing (贿赂) him to be honest so that he does the right thing when it’s cost-free would have him even more. The duty to be honest is right and wrong, not risks and rewards. 86．A. wise B. right C. rigid D. angry 87．A. file B. note C. name D. grade 88．A. grief B. shock C. happiness D. careless 89．A. whether B. which C. if D. what 90．A. sentence B. word C. exam D. lesson 91．A. higher B. lower C. more D. less92．A. such B. because C. so D. whether 93．A. brave B. adventurous C. honest D. successful 94．A. man B. story C. way D. exam 95．A. reason B. cause C. excuse D. result 96．A. make B. find C. avoid D. correct 97．A. reaction B. sense C. sign D. knowledge 98．A. unfair B. cruel C. tough D. funny 99．A. people B. teacher C. student D. worker 100．A. active B. often C. unusual D. curious 101．A. receiving B. returning C. earning D. paying 102．A. many B. well C. bad D. right 103．A. lowering B.influencing C. protect i ng D. separating 104．A. ruined B. encouraged C. improved D. blamed 105．A. in B. after C. about D. during3.（2014届安徽省合肥市高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷）A wave of recent research has pointed to the risks of over praising a child. And it seems that how to draw a line between too little praise and too much has become a high-pressure _ _ act for parents.Self-esteem (自尊) serves as a kind of tool to measure how much children feel valued and accepted by . This sensitivity to others' develops because of humans' need for social acceptance, which is considered to be to survival. As early as age 8, children's self-esteem tends to rise and fall in response to feedbacks about peers see them as likable or attractive. , it can also be beneficial for kids to feel bad about themselves occasionally, if they behave in selfish, mean or hurtful ways that might their ability to maintain relationships or hold a job in the future.In the past, many parents and educators believed that high self-esteem happiness and success, and kids could gain self-esteem simply by getting and awards from their parents, teachers and people around. But recently researchers have found self-esteem doesn't _ these desired results. Instead, if parents praise their kids , their self-esteem becomes focused on being very smart and being the best and being perfect. Building too much self-esteem of the children can not go as planned, making them feel later on when they hit setbacks (挫折).According to some experts, it can actually be good for kids to have self-esteem, at least once in a while. And praise can be if it disregards the world outside the home. Children who have a understanding of how they are seen by others tend to get recovered more readily disappointment, depression or the like. The best path is a road, helping children develop a positive but view of themselves in relation to others by praising them for the they invest and behaviors they are able to sustain, like "It's that you're working so hard on your homework. "106．A. balancing B. crashing C. forcing D. embarrassing 107．A. themselves B. parents C. others D. teachers 108．A. views B. envies C. favors D. blames109．A. irrelevant B. similar C. important D. sensitive 110．A. when B. whether C. how D. where111．A. Indeed B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. However112．A. improve B. damage C. change D. develop 113．A. promised B. delayed C. purchased D. ruined114．A. support B. help C. challenge D. praise 115．A. settle down B. work out C. give away D. bring about 116．A. rarely B. carefully C. constantly D. casually117．A. worse B. stronger C. better D. madder 118．A. high B. much C. low D. little119．A. powerful B. harmful C. grateful D. stressful 120．A. practical B. limited C. basic D. perfect121．A. with B. to C. about D. from122．A. straight B. smooth C. middle D. rough 123．A. general B. realistic C. different D. negative 124．A. talent B. time C. money D. effort125．A. necessary B. awesome C. worthless D. awful4.（2014届浙江省六校（省一级重点校）高三3月联考英语试卷）My son starts school today. It's going to be and new to him for a while. And I wish you would sort of treat him . You see, , he's been king of h is own room. He’s been of the back yard. I have always been around to his wounds, and to comfort his feelings. But now things are going to be .This morning, he is going to walk down the front steps, wave his hand and start on his great that will probably include wars and tragedy and sorrow. To live his life in the world he has to live in faith and love and courage. , World, I you would sort of take him by the hand and teach him that things he will have to know. Teach him, but gently, if you can. Teach him that for every scoundrel (恶棍) there is a hero; that for every dishonest politician, there is a leader; that for every enemy there is a friend. Teach him the wonders of . Give him quiet time to the mystery of birds in the sky, bees in the sun, and flowers on the green hills. Teach him it is far more honorable to fail than to . Teach him to his own ideas, everyone else tells him he is wrong. Teach him to sell his strength and brains to the highest bidder（出价人）, but never to put a price on his . Teach him to close his ears to a howlingmob（暴徒）and to stand and if he thinks he's right. Teach him gently, World, but don't him, because only the of fire makes fine steel. This is a big order, World, but see what you can do. He is such a nice little fellow.126．A. interesting B. frightening C. exciting D. strange127．A. carefully B. gently C. strictly D. slowly128．A. in the past B. from now on C. up to now D. now and then129．A. boss B. child C. pupil D. caretaker130．A. protect B. repair C. treat D. find131．A. tough B. different C. difficult D. upset132．A. march B. study C. adventure D. research133．A. has to learn B. is full of C. means D. will require134．A. So B. However C. And D. Or135．A. wish B. request C. order D. hope136．A. determined B. satisfying C. hardworking D. devoted137．A. books B. families C. world D. friendship138．A. deal with B. talk about C. think over D. absorb in139．A. succeed B. defeat C. cheat D. compete140．A. come up with B. put forward C. be proud of D. have faith in141．A. as if B. even if C. in spite of D. the moment142．A. heart and soul B. bad behavior C. expensive shoes D. high grades143．A. argue B. express C. help D. fight144．A. praise B. spoil C. criticize D. push145．A. heat B. burn C. test D. exercise【答案及其解析】66．B67．A68．B69．C70．D71．C72．A73．A74．D75．C76．B77．D78．C79．A80．A81．B82．B83．D84．C85．C【解析】文章大意：文章介绍申请到大学中学习经济专业的学生的增加被归因于全球性的经济危机激起了民众对于金融系统运作知识的渴望。