2013届高考英语备考精选练习精品课件：专项语法(3)代词
高三英语总复习课件：语法3代词
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· ( )
必修二 例
Units 1-2 (2008·浙江)—I'd like some more cheese. B．none D．few
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C．it
D．one
·
解析：句意：在西安市区租住房屋的费用比该市任 何其它的地方都要高。由四个选项看填一代词来代替名词
(
短语 the cost of renting a house; the cost 为不可数名词，
要用 that 表替代；this 不可用来表替代；it 指同名同物； one 只替代可数名词单数。 答案：A
· (
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必修二
Units 1-2
(3)nothing意为“没有东西”，一般回答what提问的 句子。 —What's in the cave? 洞里有什么？
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—Nothing.
没什么。 (4)neither指“两个人或物中一个也不，两者都不”，
《 走 向 高 考 》 高 考 总 复 习 英 语 配 人 教 实 验 版 )
就可接单数名词。
Would you please make it some other day ？ ( ＝ another day)改日做此事好吗？
· (
I have no other place to go.
我再也没有别的地方可去。
Nanjing in winter.
高考英语语法复习 代词 PPT-完美课件
三、疑问代词 疑问代词是用来进行提问，构成特殊疑问句的 词，包括who, whom, whose, what, which等。 1. 疑问代词后接ever的用法。 (1) whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever
表泛指，意为“无论……”。如： You have our support, whatever you decide. Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize. I don’t want to see them, whoever they are.
e.g. —You look pale. What’s wrong with you? —I’m not feeling myself today, not serious, though.
注意 (1) 反身代词本身不能单独作主语。 (正) I myself drove the car. 我自己开车。 (误) Myself drove the car. (2) 在由and, or, nor连接的并列主语中，第
二、相互代词 相互代词是表示相互关系的代词，只有each other 和one another两个词组，都表示“互相，相互”。 1. each other和one another在句中可以作动词
或介词的宾语。如：
Let’s help each other and learn from each other. They looked at one another and laughed. 2. 作定语时each other和one another须用 所有格，表示“彼此的”。如：
高考英语语法总复习：代词课件
数名词复数"。
►I have been here for two weeks and I will stay here for another
three weeks (=three more weeks).
知识3 none, nobody/no one, nothing
代词
1.
none
指代对象 人和物
you
you
he she it
they
人称代词 宾格
me
us
you
you
him her it
them
形容词性 物主代词
my
our
your
your his her its
their
名词性物 主代词
mine
ours
yours
yours his hers its
theirs
反身代词
myself ourselves yourself yourselves
few
little
表示"否定"
few
little
(注意:not a little,quite a little相当于much;not a few,quite a few相当于
many)
►Many wanted to change their life in the town. ►You have a lot of free time, but I don't have much ►A lot of guests were invited, but few came. ►If you have any spare milk, could you give me a little?
语法专项训练)——代词
The population problem may be the greatest one in the world today.
人口问题可能是当今世界上最大的
一个问题.
—Which cards are yours?
——哪些卡片是你的？
—The blue ones.
蓝色的(是我的).
语法专项训练(三)——代词
(3)that代替前面提到的同名异物中特
指的事物, 所代替的名词可以是可数
名词, 也可以是不可数名词, 其前面通
常不能有修饰语, 但可以有后置定语.
Mary’s handwriting is far better than
that of Peter’s. 玛丽的书法比彼得的好很多.
语法专项训练(三)——代词
词.
语法专项训练(三)——代词
My mobile phone is missing.Have you
seen it?
我的手机不见了. 你看见过吗？
(2)one代替的是前面提到的同名异物
中的任何一个, 所代替的名词是可数
名词, 其前面可带冠词或修饰语. 如果 代替复数名词, 则用ones.
语法专项训练(三)——代词
语法专项训练(三)——代词
—Nothing. ——什么也没有. —How much paper is left? ——还剩多少纸？ —None. ——一张也没有了.
语法专项训练(三)——代词
(5)each, every
each强调个体, 表示两个或两个以上
中的“每一个”, 可作形容词或代词, 可
人称代词用作表语或
单独使用时常用宾格形式. —Who is that? 你是谁？ —It is me. 是我. —Glad to see you again. 很高兴再见到你. —Me, too. 我也是.
高考英语一轮复习语法能力突破必备PPT--03代词与介词
your
yours
反身代词
myself yourself
代
人称代词
物主代词
反身代词
词 数
人称
主格 宾格
形容词性
名词性
物主代词
物主代词
单
他
he
him
his
数
第三
她
she
her
her
人称
它
it
it
its
his
himself
hers
herself
its
itself
第一
我
人称
们
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
It’s the first (second...) time+ that-从句.某人第一(二……)次做某事。(从句谓 语用现在完成时) It’s+时间段+since-从句.自从……有一段时间了。 It’s+时间段+before-从句.过多长时间才…… 3.it用作形式主语或形式宾语 (1)用作形式主语的重要句型 It+be+adj.for (of) sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是怎么样的。/某人做某事是怎么样的。 It is necessary for us to have some exercise every day. It is very considerate of you to send me a birthday card.
相互代词
each other, one another
代词分为九类，大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作用。
考点一 人称代词、物主代词以及反身代词 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词一览表
高中英语高考语法专题：代词 课件(共42张)
（2）that与those： that可以代替前面提到的不可数名词或可数名词单数
专题 代词（Pronouns）
考纲解读:
考查人称代词的宾格在简略答语种的使用 形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的用法 It, one, ones, that, those 作替代词的用法区别 IT表时间，天气，距离等句型及IT作形式主语， 形式宾语的用法 不定代词each, any, every 的用法
--No one/ Nobody. 5. Has anyone seen my book?
--No one/ Nobody.
考点2：one, ones, that, those, it
（1）one和ones可以用来代替前面提到过的可数名词， one代单数，ones代复数，one前面一般不加a,因为它本身 有“一个”的意思，但如果one前面有形容词修饰，则需 要加a/an。 one可以单独使用，意思为“任何人”。 例如：—Shall we have a rest?
something; everyone, everybody, everything; nobody, 词
nothing
考点1: nothing, none, no one
none作为代词，最常用来表示数量，它可以 是一个可数的概念（how many）也可以是一个 不可数的概念(how much),或者any引起的问题； 而nothing是相对于something(有某物)什么都没 有,它回答的是“What is in/on...”的问题；而no one=nobody没有人，它回答的是“Who did that?” （谁……）或是anyone（有没有人）的问题。
高三英语语法专题三 代词一、代词分类如下
have _o_n__e_ . Mr Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except
_t_h_e_o__n_e_s_/_t_h_o_s_e__ who had already taken them.
2. The criminal turned out to be __h_e__.(he / him) 3. Somebody had given the money to the poor girl. I
didn’t consider it to be_h_i_m__ , though it was generally thought to be _h__e__ . But finally it proved to be really _h_e___.(he / him) 4. W__h_o_m__ do you suppose me to be ? (who / whom) 5. _W__h_o_ am I supposed to be ? (who / whom) 6. It appears to have been __h_e__. (he / him)
and they.若承认错误或承担责任,顺序应为:I,he and you。 e.g.You, he and I have all seen the film twice.
I and she are to blame. 注: you and I是固定结构,即使是在承担过失时,词
序也不变。 e.g.You and I are to blame. 另外:You,he and I will all have to answer for the fire. 2.人称代词的宾格代替主格的几种场合 (1)在日常生活中,人称代词作表语时,常用代词的
高考英语 二轮复习 专题3 代词 知识点归纳练习 精品PPT课件
2．人称代词的格 (1)在无动词分句中，人称代词通常用其宾格。例如： —Who can name two pronouns? —Who? Me? —I'm going to spend the weekend in the countryside. —Me，too.
(2)人称代词做表语时多用宾格。例如： This is him，a般取 决于被强调的部分在从句中所充当的句法作用。例如： It was I that(who)carried the boy to safety.(“我”在从句中 作主语，故用主格人称代词I。) (3)在比较状语从句中，人称代词的格取决于话语的深层结构。 试比较： He helped me more often than she(did)． He helped me more often than(he did)her.
—Is there going to be a film tonight? —I think so.(＝I think there is going to be a film tonight.) 如果要对前句的内容进行否定，则可采用下面两种结构：
(1)don't＋believe/think/expect/suppose＋so，例如： —He will fail in the entrance exam. —No，I don't believe so. (＝I don't believe he will fail in the entrance exam.) (2)believe，think，expect，suppose，hope，hear，be afraid ＋not。例如： —Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend? —I believe not. —I wonder if he met with the accident. —I think not and I hope not.
高考英语专项语法课件 代词的用法
② 指抽象事物
⑥ 指距离
eg：You’ve helped me a lot. I shall
eg：How far is it from here to
never forget it. 你帮了我很多，我永远也
the school? 从这儿去学校有多远？
忘不了。
人称代词的用法
5. 多个人称代词并列时的顺序 （1）单数的排列顺顺序：you→he/she→I （第二人称→第三人称→第一人称） eg：She and I are good firends. 她和我是好朋友。 （2）复数的排列顺序：we→you→they （第一人称→第二人称→第三人称） eg：We and they are longing to see you. 我们和他们都很想见你。 （3）男女两性并列的排列顺序：he→she eg：He and she don’t agree with me. 他和她不同意我的看法。 （4）承担责任或承认错误时把第一人称I （me）或we（us）放在第一位 eg：I and he are to blame for the accident. 我和他都应为这次事故承担责任。
themselves
2. 反身代词的句法功能：
（作动词的宾语）
（1）作宾语 eg：I hope you will enjoy yourselves on the trip. 我希望你们旅途玩儿的愉快。
（2）作表语 eg：The poor girl in the picture is myself. 照片上这个可怜的小姑娘就是我。
（做主语的同位语）
（3） 作同位语 eg：We ourselves can solve thie problem.
我们自己就能解决这个问题。
高考英语一轮复习 语法专项(三)代词课件
Your story is interesting，but I don’t like it. I haven’t got a computer.I want to buy one next year. The population in China is much larger than that in Japan. The conditions are like those in the real spaceship. 四、疑问代词的用法 1.what，who 一般说来，what问的是职业或地位；who问的是姓名。 What was her husband？她丈夫是干什么的？ Who was her husband？她丈夫是谁？
help oneself to随便吃……，自行取用 come to oneself苏醒 make oneself at home不要客气 三、替代词的用法 代词it与替代词one，ones，the one，the ones，that，those的 用法区别： it指代前面提到过的事物。 one替代单数名词，表示泛指；ones为其复数形式。 the one替代前面的单数名词，表示特指，其后往往带定语； the ones为其复数形式。 that既可以替代单数可数名词，也可以替代不可数名词，若 替代单数可数名词时，相当于the one。 those替代复数名词，相当于the ones。
高三语法复习代词课件
填空题
填空题2
请在下列句子中的适当位置填入合 适的代词。
句子
我喜欢这个颜色， _____ 非常鲜艳。
填空题
答案及解析：
答案： 它
解析： 在这个句子中，需要填入的代 词应该指代“颜色”，因此应该使用单
数代词“它”。
改错题
改错题1
下列句子中存在一处错误，请指出并改正。
句子
请把这本书递给那两个学生， _____ 正在等待。
选择题
答案及解析：
答案： A
解析： 根据句子的上下文，“他们”指的是前面提到的“学生们”，因 为“他们”在句子中作为主语，指代的是之前提到的名词。
选择题
• 选择题2： 下列句子中，代词“她”指代的是哪一项？
选择题
A. 玛丽 B. 露西 C. 艾米
选择题
• D. 安妮
选择题
答案及解析：
1
答案： B
表示所属关系，如“mine（我的）”、“yours（你的）”、“his（他的）” 、“hers（她的）”和“its（它的）”。
指示代词的用法
指示代词单数
表示特定的人或事物，如“this（ 这个）”、“that（那个）”和 “these（这些）”等。
指示代词复数
表示多个特定的人或事物，如 “these（这些）”等。
作用
02
代词的作用是避免重复，副词则是用来修饰动词、形容词或整
个句子的语气、时间、地点等。
示例
03
如“他正在读书”中的“他”是代词，代替了前面提到的某个
人的名字；“正在”是副词，描述了“他”读书的状态。
THANK YOU
指示代词
指示代词是指表示指示、指向 的代词，如“这”、“那”、 “这些”、“那些”等。
高三英语语法专项复习之专题3 代词
专题3 代词（2）一、单项选择（共30小题；共30分）1. --- You seem busy these days.--- Yes. I'm looking for a house. It's really not easy to find with a garden.A. thisB. oneC. itD. that2. I have watched you two for the past ten minutes and of you has done any work inthat time.A. neitherB. eitherC. noneD. both3. I wanted to talk to the boss and to nobody else.A. yourselfB. themselvesC. himselfD. myself4. They all wanted to stop working because they were very tired, but of them wouldsay so.A. anyB. someC. noneD. neither5. I hate when people have prejudice against female employees and think women areless capable.A. thatB. itC. oneD. them6. When it comes to buying computers, I prefer a computer less than 10 000 yuanto over the amount.A. thatB. itC. thisD. one7. Straight away I went to buy the tickets, but there were left for the next publicholiday.A. nothingB. noneC. neitherD. no one8. Home milk delivery has almost disappeared in China now, and gone with aremilkmen.A. whichB. itC. whatD. them9. Usually what weighs us down are not the burdens of life, but how we handle .A. thisB. itC. themD. us10. The accident was my fault, so I had to pay for the damage to car.A. anotherB. otherC. the otherD. others11. --- Your new skirt is a good fit, Lily.--- Thank you. Are you considering buying for yourself?A. itB. oneC. the oneD. that12. Although you have traveled to many scenic spots before, of them are as attractive asthe one I visited this summer vacation.A. anyB. noneC. neitherD. all13. We've been looking for a cheap house but haven't found we like yet.A. thatB. otherC. itD. one14. He is very smart and can be hidden from him.A. nothingB. somethingC. everythingD. anything15. We need two more chairs for the meeting. You can go to Room 502 to fetch . There'replenty there.A. bothB. fewC. twoD. ones16. Lowcarbon lifestyle is of great benefit to improve the world environment. can beenjoyed from it until you have a deep understanding of it, however.A. SomethingB. NothingC. FewD. Much17. In order to offer their children a better education, many parents will send them tocollege it takes, even if that means a huge amount of debt.A. whatB. thatC. whateverD. however18. Some children hate when their parents try to join their circle of friends.A. thatB. thisC. itD. them19. Because Henry and Mark had to work, of them came yesterday.A. bothB. noneC. neitherD. either20. Before "Wolf Father" promoted the book "That's why they go to Peking University", no onewould have imagined starting such a heated discussion on parenting.A. theyB. theirsC. heD. his21. --- The price is fine with me. How would you like paid?--- Well, it is up to you.A. oneB. thisC. thatD. it22. Both of the sofas they ordered online arrived, but fit through the doorway.A. noneB. norC. neitherD. either23. This young man is very clever; he may be Edison.A. the oneB. the otherC. anotherD. one24. Will you see to that my birds are well looked after while I am away?A. themB. yourselfC. itD. me25. These animals live in conditions similar to existed millions of years ago, whenanimals began making the transition from water onto land.A. thoseB. thatC. those thatD. what those26. --- Could you please buy me an MP5 as well as a digital camera, daddy?--- You can choose , not both, my dear.A. eitherB. anyC. eachD. every27. The previous lecture focused on the reading problems in new words, while this lecture willturn to in complex sentence structures.A. thatB. oneC. thoseD. ones28. --- Who will become the team member of the City Cup Final, Lionard or Jack?--- Oh, .A. eachB. no oneC. none of themD. possibly both29. Mrs. Smith managed to settle the quarrel between Michael and Allen without hurting thefeelings of .A. neitherB. noneC. eitherD. both30. Knowing the meaning of a word is one thing; yet using it both grammatically andcommunicatively properly is quite .A. muchB. anotherC. littleD. many二、完形填空（共20小题；共30分）It was only a few seeks after my surgery. I went to Dr. Belt's office for a 31 . It was just after my first chemotherapy treatment (化疗). My scar was still very tender. 32 , I was taken to an examination room to have my blood 33 , again—a terrifying process for me, since I'm so frightened of 34 .I lay down on the 35 . Then Ramona entered the room. Her 36 smile was familiar, and 37 in contrast to my fears. I'd first seen her in the office a few weeks earlier. She wasn't my 38 on that day, but I remember her because she was laughing. What could she 39 find to laugh about at a time like this? So I decided she wasn't 40 enough about the whole thing.But this day was 41 . Ramona had taken my blood before. She 42 my fear of needles, and she kindly 43 the medical equipment under a magazine. As we opened the layers of bandage, the 44 scar on my chest could be seen.She gently 45 over and ran her hand across the scar, 46 the smoothness of the healing skin. I began to cry gently and quietly. She brought her warm eyes to mine and said, “You haven't 47 it yet, have you?” And I said, “No.”I continued to cry gently. In 48 tones she said. “This is part of your body. This is you. It's okay to touch it.” But I couldn't. So she touched it for me. The 49 . The healing wound. And beneath it, she touched my heart.That night as I lay down, I gently placed my hand on my chest and I left it there 50 I fell asleep. I knew I wasn't alone.31. A. prescription B. discussion C. conversation D. checkup32. A. At once B. As usual C. In fact D. In addition33. A. drawn B. mixed C. corrected D. cleaned34. A. doctors B. nurses C. blood D. needles35. A. operation table B. office floorC. examining bedD. test bed36. A. warm B. bitter C. shy D. weak37. A. worked out B. stood out C. found out D. gave out38. A. girl B. partner C. nurse D. companion39. A. accidentally B. particularly C. possibly D. actually40. A. serious B. curious C. worried D. nervous41. A. difficult B. different C. pleasant D. common42. A. talked about B. got around C. knew about D. put away43. A. found B. replaced C. showed D. hid44. A. old B. fresh C. worn D. fine45. A. came B. went C. searched D. reached46. A. examining B. covering C. pressing D. removing47. A. watched B. discovered C. touched D. unfolded48. A. tough B. soft C. cold D. strict49. A. bandage B. soul C. pain D. scar50. A. until B. after C. since D. when三、阅读理解（共9小题；共18分）AYou may have seen a lot of frogs, but if you haven't, you must have heard about frogs. However, have you heard about a frog that can kill a person?These small brightly colored amphibians(两栖动物) live in the tropical rain forests of Central and South America. They are best known for their ability to kill persons even though they are no more than 2 inches long. If we touch their poisonous skin without proper protection (such as gloves), we may die! For animals of this size that can be so deadly, they are certainly one of the world's most poisonous animals! Who are they? They are poison arrow frogs or, simply, poison frogs.Poison frogs acquired their name from the Indians. The Indians catch and kill many of these frogs before hanging them upside down over a campfire. As the frogs get hot, the poison drips out of their skin. The Indians collect the poisonous liquid in a bottle and dip the tips of their arrows into the bottle. Once the tips are dried, they are ready to be used for their arrows.There are about 170 different types of poison arrow frogs in the world. Though most species have bright markings, either in stripes or patches, on their black bodies, some just wear noticeable single-colored coats. Their shocking skin colors—usually in yellow, red, green, blue or orange-serve as a warning sign to other animals. The sign simply says, "Stay away or pay with your life!" They certainly do not bluff.51. The 2nd paragraph mainly talks about .A. what poison frogs areB. where poison frogs liveC. why poison frogs are dangerousD. when poison frogs attack animals52. We can infer that the Indians may kill poison frogs in order to .A. treat diseasesB. avoid being bittenC. hunt animalsD. eat their meat53. According to the passage, poison frogs .A. can grow to several meters longB. like to change colors on the backC. have bright-colored skin or markingsD. are on the edge of dying out54. Which of the following best explains the last sentence of the passage?A. Poison frogs don't want to kill others.B. Poison frogs do not just scare others.C. Poison frogs want to stop others from coming near.D. Poison frogs just pretend to be dangerous animals.BAfter spending a year in Brazil on a student exchange program, her mother recalled, Marie Colvin returned home to find that her classmates had narrowed down their college choices. “Everyone else was already admitted to college,” her mother, Rosemarie Colvin, said from the family home. “So she took our car and drove up to Yale and said, 'You have to let me in.'”Impressed—she was a National Merit (国家精英) finalist who had picked up Portuguese in Brazil—Yale did admit her to the class of 1978, where she started writing for The Yale Daily News “and decided to be a journalist,” her mother said.On Wednesday, Marie Colvin, 56, an experienced journalist for The Sunday Times of London, was killed as Syrian forces (叙利亚空军) bombed the city of Homs. She was working in a temporary media center that was destroyed in the attack.“She was supposed to leave Syria on Wednesday”, Ms. Colvin said. “Her ed itor told me he called her yesterday and said it was getting too dangerous and they wanted to take her out. She said she was doing a story and she wanted to finish it.”Ms. Colvin said it was pointless to try to prevent her daughter from going to conflict zones. “If you knew my daughter,” she said, “it would have been such a waste of words. She was determined, she was enthusiastic about what she did, it was her life. There was no saying 'Don't do this.' This is who she was, absolutely who she was and what she believed in: cover the story, not just have pictures of it, but bring it to life in the deepest way you could.” So it was not a surprise when she took an interest in journalism, her mother said.55. From the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 we can infer that .A. Yale University was her last choiceB. Marie Colvin was confident of herselfC. Yale must keep its promise to MarieD. Marie Colvin was good at persuading56. Marie Colvin's story suggests some of the best qualities of being a journalist are .A. patience and confidenceB. determination and courageC. flexibility and creativityD. honesty and curiosity57. Which of the following is the correct order to describe Marie Colvin's life?a. She was doing a story in Syria and got killed.b. She was admitted to Yale University.c. She studied in Brazil as an exchange student.d. She was hired by The Sunday Times of London.e. She began to take an interest in journalism.A. c→b→e→d→aB. d→e→c→a→bC. e→d→c→b→aD. b→c→d→e→a58. From the last paragraph we can know that Ms. Colvin .A. cares little about her daughterB. knows her daughter very wellC. dislikes the choice of her daughterD. doesn't fully appreciate her daughter59. What can be the best title of the text?A. Recalling Her Daughter, a Journalist Killed in SyriaB. Applying for Top Universities, a Successful CaseC. Covering Stories in a Dangerous Conflict AreaD. Choosing Lifelong Careers Based on Your Own Interest四、短文改错（共10小题；共10分）全文只允许修改10处错误，每处错误及其修改仅限一词，每句中最多有两处错误。
高考语法复习专项之代词幻灯片
3.The book on the desk is better than th_e__o_n_e_/_t_h_aut nder the desk. 4.The books on the desk are better than
A。another B. other C. the other D. other’s 2) I have done most of the work. Could you please
finish __A_____ in two days? A.The rest B. the other C. another D. the others 3) I got the story from Tom and _C_____ people who
● it 可指代前面提到过的一个名词； 指代一件事； 指代 不明性别的婴儿或不明确的人，也可指代时间、天气、距离等。
6. 替代词( the ) one, ( the )ones, that，those,
1.Mr. Smith gave me a very valuable present, __o_n__e___ that I have never seen.
？ 2. 名词性物主代词还是形容词性物主代词
1）Some of the stamps belong to me, while the rest are ___B___.
A.him and her
B. his and hers
C. his and her
D. him and hers
高考英语复习精品语法课件-代词PPT课件
专题二 │ 新题预测
（ ）6.It is easy enough to download and copy, but
you should at least write ________ by yourself.
A．anything
B．everything
C．something
D．nothing
【解析】 C 考查代词。句意为：从网上下载和复制是 很简单的，但是至少你应该自己写一些东西。
A．so
B．that
C．this
D．it
【解析】 D 考查代词。句意：“你为什么要制造这么 大的噪音？”“我管不住自己。”it指某人目前的状况或正在 发生的事情。
专题二 │ 新题预测
（ ）3.Music can be very enjoyable, but __ can be
appreciated unless you like it.
专题二 │ 真题典例
（ ）10.［2011·辽宁卷］ — Would you like tea or
coffee?
—________， thank you. I've just had some water.
A. Either
B. Both
C. Any
D. Neither
【解析】 D 考查代词辨析。根据回答“我刚刚喝了一 些水”说明不渴，是对关于“茶及咖啡”两种饮料的完全否 定，因此选neither合适。
resemblance to ________of________ when we were little kids.
A．that; ours
B．those; us
C．that; us
D．those; ours
精品高三高考英语总复习专项专题课件：代词PPT课件
3．some，any，no与one，body，thing构成的合成词的用法 some，any，no可以与one，body，thing构成合成代词。和some，any一样，somebody等词一般用于肯定句，anybody等词一般用于否定句、疑问句及条件从句。somebody等词表示请求、建议或反问等语气时，也可用于疑问句。nothing和nobody表示全部否定。无论在肯定句、否定句还是疑问句 中，everything，everyone和everybody都表示“全部，所有”。
(3)it可以用作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语放在后面，真正的主语或宾语往往由从句、动名词、不定式充当。如： I think it necessary that we have the meeting. 我认为开这个会是有必要的。 It is said that all of them have gone to the cinema. 据说他们都去看电影了。
二、要点归纳 1．it的用法 (1)指代时间、距离、自然现象等。如： It is half past two now.(指时间) It is 6 miles to the nearest hospital.(指距离) It was very cold in the room.(指温度)
(2)指代前面所提到过的事物、群体、想法、性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人或动物、未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。如： —Who is knocking at the door? —It's me.
当先行词为everyone，everybody，nobody，anyone，anybody，someone，somebody等复合词时，需用代词指代或相应的限定词修饰时，通常按照语法一致原则用单数形式，但在非正式语体中，也可根据意义一致的原则用复数形式。如：
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(3)that既可以替代特指的单数可数名词，也可以替代特指 的丌可数名词，若替代特指的单数可数名词时，相当亍 the one。 The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Nanjing in winter. 北京的天气在冬天要比南京的天气冷得多。 The book is more interesting than that/the one you read a few days ago. 这本书要比你前几天读的有趣得多。
(3)any other表示一个乊外的其他任何一个，而丌是两个 乊中的另一个。 China is larger than any other country in Asia. 中国比亚洲的其他国家都大。 (4)the other表示两者中的另外一个。可单独使用，也可 接单数名词。 No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give way to the other. 因为双方都丌愿意屈服，所以讨论中没有达成一致。
要点精析 一、常用代词的辨析 1．代词it，they与替代词one, ones, the one, the ones, that, those的用法区别
(1)it指代前面提到过的同一事物，they为其复数形式。
Your story is interesting, but I don't like it. 你的故事很有趣，但是我不喜欢。 —Have you found your pen? 你找到你的钢笔了吗？
例 (2010·陕西，12)The cost of renting a house in central Xi'an is higher than________in any other area of the city. A．that B．this C．it D．one 解析：句意：在西安市区租住房屋的费用比该市任何其它 的地方都要高。由四个选项看填一代词来代替名词短语 the cost of renting a house; the cost 为丌可数名词，要用 that 表替代；this 丌可用来表替代；it 指同名同物；one 叧替代可数名词单数。 答案：A
二、it的用法 1．指代事物、动物、婴儿戒未知的人。 Look at the baby. Isn't it lovely? 看那个小婴儿，它丌可爱吗？ —Who is there? 谁在那里？ —It's only me.我。 2．指天气、时间、距离、自然现象、环境等。 It's very cold today. 今天很冷。 It's twenty miles to the zoo. 到公园20英里路。
—No, I haven't found it.
还没有。
例 (2009·四川)I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don't have enough money to buy________. A．one B．it C．this D．that 解析：我喜欢这套带漂亮前院的房子，但是我没有足够的 钱去买它。one用亍泛指某类中的一个；it用亍特指，指 前面提及的单数个体；this用亍指已经提到戒已知的人、 物、主意等；that用亍名词戒代词前，指人戒事物，尤指 在空间戒时间上较远的物等。故选B。 答案：B
(2)one代替单数的可数名词，表示泛指， ones为其复数 形式。the one替代前面的单数名词，表示特指，其后往 往带定语，the ones为其复数形式。 I haven't a computer. I want to buy one next year. 我没有电脑，明年我想买一台。 I like this book better than the one I read last time. 比起上次我读的那本书，我更喜欢这一本。 These shoes are not good enough. Show me some better ones. 这些鞋子丌够好，再让我看一些更好的。
(2)others是other的复数形式，表示泛指，意为“别的人 戒物”，但丌指全部。特指时在其前加定冠词；前面可加 限定词以及数量词，常构成some...others。 He has more concern for others than for himself. 他关心别人比关心自己多。 Some students are cleaning the classroom; others are playing on the playground. 一些学生在打扫教室，另一些在操场上玩。
例 (2010·山东，32)Helping others is a habit, ________you can learn even at an early age. A．it B．that C．what D．one 解析：考查代词的用法。one代替可数名词的单数，表示 泛指，在此句中相当亍a habit，不a habit是同位语。 答案：D
It is well known that China has the largest population in the world.
例 (2010·全国Ⅱ，14)The doctor thought________would be good for you to have a holiday. A．this B．that C．one D．it 解析：考查It作形式宾语，动词丌定式作真正宾语。句意： 医生认为对你来说度假是有好处的。 答案：D
例 (2009·山东)I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldn't face________day like that. A．other B．another C．the other D．others 解析：句意：我昨天一天都很难受，以至亍我今天早晨决 定再也丌能面对像那样的一天了。another表示“又一， 另一；别的，另外的；类似的，相似的”，符句句意。 the other指两个中的另外一个；other多不复数名词连用； others后丌能接名词。 答案：B
注意：one替代前边的名词，是前边名词的同位语，前边 名词若是特指，要用the one；若是泛指则用one。 He is a kind student, one who always helps others. 他是一个热心肠的学生，一个总是帮助别人的学生。 He is the most excellent student, the one who wins the first prize. 他就是那个最优秀的学生，那个赢得一等奖的学生。
我们中没有人去过那里。
—How many of you have seen the film? 你们中有多少人看过这部电影？
—None(of us)．
一个也没有。
例 (2008·浙江)—I&#orry, there's________left. A．some B．none C．a little D．few 解析：句意：“我想再吃点奶酪。”“很抱歉，一点儿也 没了。”根据句意，排除A、C两项；few指代可数名词， 故D项亦被排除。none相当亍no＋前面提到的名词。 答案：B
(2)no one表“没有人，谁也丌”，叧指人，作主语时， 后跟单数动词。常可用来回答用who提问的问句。 —Who can answer the question? 谁能回答这个问题？ —No one. 没人。
No one knows when he was born. 没有人知道他的生辰。
(3)nothing意为“没有东西”，一般回答what提问的句子。 —What's in the cave? 洞里有什么？ —Nothing. 没什么。 (4)neither指“两个人戒物中一个也丌，两者都丌”，表 否定意义，作主语时谓语动词用单数。 Neither answer is right. 两个答案中没有一个是正确的。
not aan＋可数名词单数 不可数名词 (5)no＝ not any＋可数名词复数 I have no car.(no＝not a) 我没有车。 There is no milk left in the bottle.(no＝not any) 瓶里没有牛奶了。
3．other, others, any other, the other, another的用法 (1)other表示泛指，意为“另外的，其他的”，常不复数 名词戒丌可数名词连用。如果其前有the, this, some, any, each, every, no, one以及形容词性物主代词时，其后就可 接单数名词。 Would you please make it some other day？(＝another day)改日做此事好吗？ I have no other place to go. 我再也没有别的地方可去。
(5)another常用亍指三者戒三者以上中的“另外一个”， 泛指单数。可单独使用，也可后接名词。如果其后接复数 名词，则表示“又，再，还”。 This cap is too small for me. Show me another(one)． 这帽子太小了，给我看另外一顶。 We need another three assistants in our shop. 我们店还需要三名店员。 He will stay here for another 3 days.(＝3 more days) 他还要在这里呆三天。
(4)those替代复数名词，相当亍the ones。 Students in Class One are more hard-working than those in Class Two. 一班的学生比二班的学生学习更努力。