2019年6月英语六级翻译题型模拟训练：长江
大学英语六级改革适用(段落翻译)模拟试卷279
大学英语六级改革适用（段落翻译）模拟试卷279(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Translation(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.Part Ⅳ Translation（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.风筝是一种传统的民间娱乐工具，起源于春秋时期 (the Spring and Autumn Period)，距今已有两千余年的历史。
一般用竹木做骨架，上面粘上画有图案的纸或者绢 (silk)，并用细线绑住。
它最初主要应用于军事，宋朝以后放风筝成为民间极为流行的民俗活动。
清明时节，人们会把风筝放得又高又远，然后剪断丝线，让风筝带走一年的霉运。
山东潍坊以其精巧的风筝制作艺术而出名，被称为“国际风筝都”。
每年4月，都会举办一年一度的国际风筝盛会。
（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：Kite, a traditional folk entertainment tool, originated in the Spring and Autumn Period with a history of more than 2,000 years. It is usually made by covering painted paper or silk on a bamboo framework with a string attached to it. Originally, it was made primarily for military purposes. Since the Song Dynasty, kite-flying has become a very popular folk activity. On Qing Ming Festival, people would fly the kites high and far, and then cut the string, wishing that the kite would take away the misfortune in the whole year. Weifang in Shandong province, known as the International Capital of Kites, boasts its elaborate craft in making kites. In April, a grand international kite festival is held in Weifang annually.)解析：解析：1．第一句由三个分句组成，若直接翻译成三个句子，则显得句式非常沉闷。
2019年6月大学英语六级翻译真题参考答案及解析
【六级翻译真题原文】成语是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式，大多由四个汉字组成。
它们高度简练且形式固定，但通常能形象地表达深刻的含义。
成语大多来源于中国古代的文学作品，通常与某些神话、传说或历史事件有关。
如果不知道某个成语的出处，就很难理解其确切含义。
因为，学习成语有助于人们更好地理解中国传统文化。
成语在日常会话和文学创作中广泛使用。
恰当使用成语可以使一个人的语言更具表现力，交流更有效。
【六级翻译真题参考译文】Chinese idiom is a unique way of exxxxxpression in Chinese mostly composed of four Chinese characters. Although highly concise and fixed in form they usually entail profound meanings. Most idioms stem from ancient Chinese literature and are usually related with certain myths legends or historical events. It is difficult to understand its exact meaning with little knowledge of its origin as learning idioms helps people better understand Chinese traditional culture. Idioms are widely used in daily conversation and literary creation. Proper use of idioms can make a person's language more expressive and help to deliver a more effective communication.【六级翻译真题解析】2019年6月六级翻译真题一共包含六句话，而且段落布局非常符合汉语短句排列、用短不用长的行文习惯;就语序而言，基本以顺序句型为主，这点和英语较为接近，因而翻译中语序无需做过大调整;就时态而言，该段话是对中国成语的一般描述，所以在翻译的过程中，以一般现在时为主;微观角度而言，关于翻译中遇到的词汇，首先关于段落核心词，“成语”，常用的翻译为“Chinese idiom”，且在试题的括号中已给出译文，如果用复数“Chinese idioms”也是可以得分的。
2019年6月大学英语六级考试真题及参考答案（全三套）
2019年6月大学英语六级考试真题及参考答案（全三套）2019年6月大学英语六级考试真题及参考答案(第1套)Part I Writi ng (30 min UteS)DireCtions: FOr this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to Write an essayOn the importa nce of motivati On and methods in Iear ning. You should Write at least 150 words but no more tha n 200 words.【参考范文】AS an old Say ing goes, kno WIedge Can Cha nge one ' S life .In order to acquire kno WIedge, We have to StUdy hard. However, it Can not be ignored that effective lear ning n eeds both motivati on and SCie ntific methods.It ' S not difficult for US to come UP With SeVeraI POSSibIe reasons acco Unting for this perspective. In the first place, Iear ning is a kind of SeriOUS and hard work. Therefore, not every one is able to keep going WithOUt Certain internal motivations. Besides, SCientific methods play a Sig nifica nt role in impro Ving Iear ning efficie ncy. Many of US believe that the Ion ger you study, the better grades you will get. BUt a lot of experiences of our CIaSSmateS prove that this VieW is not entirely correct.In details, StUdying for a long time is exhausting and it is Very likelyto decrease StUdy efficiency, WhiCh is CritiCaI to academic PerfOrmance.From What has been mentioned above, We Can easily draw a conclusion that the importance of motivation and methods in Iearning is self-evident. Andit is n ecessary for US to develop good Iear ning methods.【参考范文译文】俗话说，知识能改变命运。
2019.6 英语四级翻译
◦ 泰山位于山东省西部。海拔1500余米，方圆约400平方公里。泰山不仅雄伟壮观，而且是一座历史文化名 山，过去3000多年一直是人们前往朝拜的地方。据记载，共有72位帝王曾来此游览。许多作家到泰山获取 灵感，写诗作文，艺术家也来此绘画。山上因此留下了许许多多的文物古迹。泰山如今已成为中国一处主 要的旅游景点。
四六级翻译
2019.6
2018.12 四级翻译真题
◦ 由于通信网络的快速发展，中国智能手机用户数量近年来以惊人的速度增长。这极大地改变了许多人的阅读方式。 他们现在经常在智能手机上看新闻和文章，而不买传统报刊。大量移动应用程序的开发使人们能用手机读小说和 其他形式的文学作品。因此，纸质书籍的销售受到了影响。但调查显示，尽管能手机阅读市场稳步增长，超半数 成年人仍喜欢读纸质书。
◦ 宋朝始于960年，一直延续到1279年。这一时期，中国经济大幅增长，成为世界上最先进的经济体，科学、技术、 哲学和数学蓬勃发展。宋代中国是世界历史上首先发行纸币的国家。宋朝还最早使用火药并发明了活字 （movable-type）印刷。人口增长迅速，越来越多的人住进城市，那里有热闹的娱乐场所。社会生活多种多样。 人们聚集在一起观看和交易珍贵艺术品。宋朝的政府体制在当时也是先进的。政府官员均通过竞争性考试选拔任 用。
2017.6六级翻译真题
◦ 唐朝始于618年，终于907年，是中国历史上最灿烂的时期。经过近三百年的发展，唐代中国成为世界上最繁荣的 强国，其首都长安是当时世界上最大的都市。这一时期，经济发达、商业繁荣、社会秩序稳定，甚至边境也对外 开放。随着城市化和财富的增加，艺术和文学也繁荣起来。李白和杜甫是以作品简洁自然而著称的诗人。他们的 诗歌打动了学者和普通人的心。即使在今天，他们的许多诗歌仍广为儿童及成人阅读背诵。
2019年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版 第1套)
Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on th e importance of team spirit and communication in the workplace. You shoul d write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ __________Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)听力音频MP3文件，点击进入听力真题页面Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation an d the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). The n mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) A six-month-long negotiation.B) Preparations for the party.C) A project with a troublesome client.D) Gift wrapping for the colleagues.2. A) Take wedding photos.B) Advertise her company.C) Start a small business.D) Throw a celebration party.3. A) Hesitant.B) Nervous.C) Flattered.D) Surprised.4. A) Start her own bakery.B) Improve her baking skill.C) Share her cooking experience.D) Prepare for the wedding.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) They have to spend more time studying.B) They have to participate in club activities.C) They have to be more responsible for what they do.D) They have to choose a specific academic discipline.6. A) Get ready for a career.B) Make a lot of friends.C) Set a long-term goal.D) Behave like adults7. A) Those who share her academic interests.B) Those who respect her student commitments.C) Those who can help her when she is in need.D) Those who go to the same clubs as she does.8. A) Those helpful for tapping their potential.B) Those conducive to improving their social skills.C) Those helpful for cultivating individual interests.D) Those conducive to their academic studies.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each pas sage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the question s will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the be st answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresp onding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) They break away from traditional ways of thinking.B) They are prepared to work harder than anyone else.C) They are good at refining old formulas.D) They bring their potential into full play.10. A) They contributed to the popularity of skiing worldwide.B) They resulted in a brand-new style of skiing technique.C) They promoted the scientific use of skiing poles.D) They made explosive news in the sports world.11. A) He was recognized as a genius in the world of sports.B) He competed in all major skiing events in the world.C) He won three gold medals in one Winter Olympics.D) He broke three world skiing records in three years.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) They appear restless.B) They lose consciousness.C) They become upset.D) They die almost instantly.13. A) It has an instant effect on your body chemistry.B) It keeps returning to you every now and then.C) It leaves you with a long lasting impression.D) It contributes to the shaping of your mind.14. A) To succeed while feeling irritated.B) To feel happy without good health.C) To be free from frustration and failure.D) To enjoy good health while in dark moods15. A) They are closely connected.B) They function in a similar way.C) They are too complex to understand.D) They reinforce each other constantly.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks f ollowed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. Af ter you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choic es marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Shee t 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) They differ in their appreciation of music.B) They focus their attention on different things.C) They finger the piano keys in different ways.D) They choose different pieces of music to play.17. A) They manage to cooperate well with their teammates.B) They use effective tactics to defeat their competitors.C) They try hard to meet the spectators’ expectations.D) They attach great importance to high performance.18. A) It marks a breakthrough in behavioral science.B) It adopts a conventional approach to research.C) It supports a piece of conventional wisdom.D) It gives rise to controversy among experts.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) People’s envy of slim models.B) People’s craze for good health.C) The increasing range of fancy products.D) The great variety of slimming products.20. A) They appear vigorous.B) They appear strange.C) They look charming.D) They look unhealthy.21. A) Culture and upbringing.B) Wealth and social status.C) Peer pressure.D) Media influence.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) The relation between hair and skin.B) The growing interest in skin studies.C) The color of human skin.D) The need of skin protection.23. A) The necessity to save energy.B) Adaptation to the hot environment.C) The need to breathe with ease.D) Dramatic climate changes on earth.24. A) Leaves and grass.B) Man-made shelter.C) Their skin coloring.D) Hair on their skin.25. A) Their genetic makeup began to change.B) Their communities began to grow steadily.C) Their children began to mix with each other.D) Their pace of evolution began to quicken.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are require d to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making yo ur choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throug h the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Pasta is no longer off the menu, after a new review of studies suggested that the carbohydrate can form part of a healthy diet, and even help people lose weight. For years, nutritionists have recommended that pasta be kept to a__ 26__, to cut calories, prevent fat build-up and stop blood sugar__ 27__ up.The low-carbohydrate food movement gave birth to such diets as the Atkin s, Paleo and Keto, which advised swapping foods like bread, pasta and potato es for vegetable, fish and meat. More recently the trend of swapping spaghet ti for vegetables has been__ 28__ by clean-eating experts.But now a__29__ review and analysis of 30 studies by Canadian researchers found that n ot only does pasta not cause weight gain, but three meals a week can help pe ople drop more than half a kilogram over four months. The reviewers found t hat pasta had been unfairly demonized (妖魔化) because it had been__30__ in with other, more fat-promoting carbohydrates."The study found that pasta didn't__31__ to weight gain or increase in body fat," said lead author Dr John Sieven piper. "In__32__ the evidence, we can now say with some confidence that pasta does not have an__33__ effect on body weight outcomes when it is consumed as part of a health y dietary pattern." In fact, analysis actually showed a small weight loss. So __ 34__ to concerns, perhaps pasta can be part of a healthy diet.Those involved in the__35__ trials on average ate 3.3 servings of pasta a week instead of other carb ohydrates, one serving equaling around half a cup. They lost around half a kil ogram over an average follow-up of 12 weeks.A) adverse B) championed C) clinical D) contract E) contribute F) intima te G) lumped H) magnified I) minimum J) radiating K) ration L) shooting M) subscribe N) systematic O) weighingSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statemen ts attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the pa ragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a le tter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sh eet 2.The best Retailers Combine Bricks and ClicksA) Retail profits are falling sharply. Stores are closing. Malls are emptying. Th e depressing stories just keep coming. Reading the earnings announcements of large retail stores like Macy's, Nordstorm, and Target is about as uplifting as a tour of an intensive care unit. The internet is apparently taking down yet another industry. Brick and mortar stores (实体店) seem to be going the way of the yellow pages. Sure enough, the Census B ureau just released data showing that online retail sales surged 15.2 percent between the first quarter of 2015 and the first quarter of 2016.B) But before you dump all of your retail stocks, there are more facts you sh ould consider. Looking only at that 15.2 percent "surge" would be misleadin g. It was an increase that was on a small base of 6.9 percent. Even when a ti ny number grows by a large percentage terms, it is often still tiny.C) More than 20 years after the internet was opened to commerce, the Cens us Bureau tells us that brick and mortar sales accounted for 92.3 percent of retail sales in the first quarter of 2016. Their data show that only 0.8 percent of retail sales shifted from offline to online between the beginning of 2015 a nd 2016.D) So, despite all the talk about drone (无人机) deliveries to your doorstep, all the retail executives expressing anxiety o ver consumers going online, and even a Presidential candidate exclaiming th at Amazon has a "huge antitrust problem," the Census data suggest that phys ical retail is thriving. Of course, the closed stores, depressed executives, a nd sinking stocks suggest otherwise. What's the real story?E) Many firms operating brick and mortar stores are in trouble. The retail in dustry is getting "reinvented," as we describe in our new book Matchmarkers . It's standing in the path of what Schumpeter called a gale (大风) of creative destruction. That storm has been brewing for some time, an d as it has reached gale force, most large retailers are searching for a respon se. As the CFO of Macy's put it recently, "We're frankly scratching our heads."F) But it's not happening as experts predicted. In the peak of the dot. com b ubble, brick and mortar retail was one of these industries the internet was going to kill—and quickly. The dot. com bust discredited most predictions of that sort and in the years that followed, conventional retailers' confidence in the future increased as Census continued do report weak online sales. And then the gale hit.G) It is becoming increasingly clear that retail reinvention isn't a simple battl e to the death between bricks and clicks. It is about devising retail models th at work for people who are making increasing use of a growing array of inter net-connected tools to change how they search, shop, and buy. Creative retai lers are using the new technologies to innovate just about everything stores d o from managing inventory, to marketing, to getting paid.H) More than drones dropping a new supply of underwear on your doorstep, Apple's massively successful brick-and-mortar-and-glass retail stores and A mazon's small steps in the same direction are what should keep old-fashioned retailers awake at night. Not to mention the large number of creative new r etailers, like Bonobos, that are blending online and offline experiences in crea tive ways.I) Retail reinvention is not a simple process, and it's also not happening on w hat used to be called "Internet Time." Some internet-driven changes have ha ppened quickly, of course. Craigslist quickly overtook newspaper classified ad s and turned newspaper economics upside down. But many widely anticipate d changes weren't quick, and some haven't really started. With the benefit o f hindsight (后见之明), it looks like the internet will transform the economy at something like th e pace of other great inventions like electricity. B2B commerce, for example, didn't move mainly online by 2005 as many had predicted in 2000, nor eve n by 2016, but that doesn't mean it won't do so over the next few decades.J) But the gale is still blowing. The sudden decline in foot traffic in recent yea rs, even though it hasn't been accompanied by a massive decline in physical sales, is a critical warning. People can shop more efficiently online and the refore don't need to go to as many stores to find what they want. There's a s urplus of physical shopping space for the crowds, which is one reason why st ores are downsizing and closing.K) The rise of the mobile phone has recently added a new level of complexit y to the process of retail reinvention. Even five years ago most people faced a choice. Sit at your computer, probably at home or at the office, search and browse, and buy. Or head out to the mall, or Main Street, look and shop, and buy. Now, just about everyone has a smartphone, connected to the internet a lmost everywhere almost all the time. Even when a retailer gets a customer t o walk in the store, she can easily see if there's a better deal online or at anot her store nearby.L) So far, the main thing many large retailers have done in response to all th is is to open online stores, so people will come to them directly rather than to Amazon and its smaller online rivals. Many are having the same problem that newspapers have had. Even if they get online traffic, they struggle to make e nough money online to compensate for what they are losing offline.M) A few seem to be making this work. Among large traditional retailers, Wa lmart recently reported the best results, leading its stock price to surge, whil e Macy's, Target, and Nordstorm's dropped. Yet Walmart's year-over-year onli ne sales only grew 7 percent, leading its CEO to lament (哀叹),"Growth here is to slow." Part of the problem is that almost two decades after Amazon field the one-click patent, the online retail shopping and buying ex perience is filled with frictions. A recent study graded more than 600 internet retailers on how easy it was for consumers to shop, buy, and pay. Almost half of the sites didn't get a passing grade and only 18 percent got an A or B.N) The turmoil on the ground in physical retail is hard to square with the Ce nsus data. Unfortunately, part of the explanation is that the Census retail d ata are unreliable. Our deep look into those data and their preparation revea led serious problems. It seems likely that Census simply misclassifies a large chunk of online sales. It is certain that the Census procedures, which lump t he online sales of major traditional retailers like Walmart with "non-store ret ailers" like food trucks, can mask major changes in individual retail categorie s. The bureau could easily present their data in more useful ways, but they ha ve chosen not to.O) Despite the turmoil, brick and mortar won't disappear any time soon. Th e big questions are which, if any, of the large traditional retailers will still be on the scene in a decade or two because they have successfully reinvented t hemselves, which new players will operate busy stores on Main Streets and maybe even in shopping malls, and how the shopping and buying experiencewill have changed in each retail category. Investors shouldn't write off brick and mortar. Whether they should bet on the traditional players who run th ose stores now is another matter.36. Although online retailing has existed for some twenty years, nearly half of the internet retailers still fail to receive satisfactory feedback from consumers , according to a recent survey.37. Innovative retailers integrate internet technologies with conventional r etailing to create new retail models.38. Despite what the Census data suggest, the value of physical retail's stock s has been dropping.39. Internet-driven changes in the retail industry didn't take place as quickly as widely anticipated.40. Statistics indicate that brick and mortar sales still made up the lion's sh are of the retail business.41. Companies that successfully combine online and offline business models may prove to be a big concern for traditional retailers.42. Brick and mortar retailers' faith in their business was strengthened whe n the dot. com bubble burst.43. Despite the tremendous challenges from online retailing, traditional retai ling will be here to stay for quite some time.44. With the rise of online commerce, physical retail stores are like to suffer the same fate as the yellow pages.45. The wide use of smartphone has made it more complex for traditional r etailers to reinvent their business.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by s ome questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four ch oices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and ma rk the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the c entre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Professor Stephen Hawking has warned that the creation of powerful artificia l intelligence (AI) will be "either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity", and praised the creation of an academic institute dedicate d to researching the future of intelligence as "crucial to the future of our ci vilisation and our species".Hawking was speaking at the opening of the Leverhulme Centre for the Futur e of Inteelgence (LCFI) at Cambridge University, a multi-disciplinary institut e that will attempt to tackle some of the open-ended questions raised by the rapid pace of development in AI research."We spend a great deal of time studying history," Hawking said,"which, let's face it, is mostly the history of stupidity. So it's a welcome chan ge that people are studying instead the future of intelligence."While the world-renowned physicist has often been cautious about AI, risin g concerns that humanity could be the architect of its own destruction if it creates a super-intelligence with a will of its own, he was also quick to high light the positives that AI research can bring."The potential benefits of creating intelligence are huge," he said."We cannot predict what we might achieve when our own minds are amplif ied by AI. Perhaps with the tools of this new technological revolution, we wil l be able to undo some of the damage done to the natural world by the last o ne—industrialisation. And surely we will aim to finally eradicate disease and poverty. And every aspect of our lives will be transformed. In short, succes s in creating AI could be the biggest event in the history of our civilisation."Huw Price, the centre's academic director and the Bertrand Russell professo r of philosophy at Cambridge University, where Hawking is also an academic, said that the centre came about partially as a result of the university's Cent re for Existential Risk. That institute examined a wider range of potential p roblems for humanity, while the LCFI has a narrow focus.AI pioneer Margaret Boden, professor of cognitive science at the University o f Sussex, praised the progress of such discussions. As recently as 2009, she s aid, the topic wasn't taken seriously, even among AI researchers."AI is hugely exciting," she said,"but it has limitations, which present grave dangers given uncritical use."The academic community is not alone in warning about the potential dang ers of AI as well as the potential benefits. A number of pioneers from the tec hnology industry, most famously the entrepreneur Elon Musk, have also ex pressed their concerns about the damage that a super-intelligent AI could d o to humanity.46. What did Stephen Hawking think of artificial intelligence?A) It would be vital to the progress of human civilisation.B) It might be a blessing or a disaster in the making.C) It might present challenges as well as opportunities.D) It would be a significant expansion of human intelligence.47. What did Hawking say about the creation of the LCFI?A) It would accelerate the progress of AI research.B) It would mark a step forward in the AI industry.C) It was extremely important to the destiny of humankind.D) It was an achievement of multi-disciplinary collaboration.48. What did Hawking say was a welcome change in AI research?A) The shift of research focus from the past to the future.B) The shift of research from theory to implementation.C) The greater emphasis on the negative impact of AI.D) The increasing awareness of mankind's past stupidity.49. What concerns did Hawking raise about AI?A) It may exceed human intelligence sooner or later.B) It may ultimately over-amplify the human mind.C) Super-intelligence may cause its own destruction.D) Super-intelligence may eventually ruin mankind.50. What do we learn about some entrepreneurs from the technology industry?A) They are much influenced by the academic community.B) They are most likely to benefit from AI development.C) They share the same concerns about AI as academics.D) They believe they can keep AI under human control.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The market for products designed specifically for older adults could reach $30 billion by next year, and startups (初创公司) want in on the action. What they sometimes lack is feedback from the peo ple who they hope will use their products. So Brookdale, the country's largest owner of retirement communities, has been inviting a few select entrepreneu rs just to move in for a few days, show off their products and hear what the r esidents have to say.That's what brought Dayle Rodriguez,28, all the way from England to the dining room of Brookdale South Bay in To rrance, California. Rodriguez is the community and marketing manager for a company called Sentab. The startup's product, SentabTV, enables older adult s who may not be comfortable with computers to access email, video chat and social media using just their televisions and a remote control."It's nothing new, it's nothing too complicated and it's natural because lots o f people have TV remotes," says Rodriguez.But none of that is the topic of conversation in the Brookdale dining room. I nstead, Rodriguez solicits residents' advice on what he should get on his chee seburger and how he should spend the afternoon. Playing cards was on the a genda, as well as learning to play mahjong (麻将).Rodriguez says it's important that residents here don't feel like he's selling th em something. "I've had more feedback in a passive approach," he says. "Playing pool, playing cards, having dinner, having lunch," all work better "th an going through a survey of question. When they get to know me and to tru st me, knowing for sure I'm not selling them something—there'll be more hon est feedback from them."Rodriguez is just the seventh entrepreneur to move into one of Brookdale's 1,100 senior living communities. Other new products in the program have inclu ded a kind of full-blow dryer and specially designed clothing that allows peopl e with disabilities to dress and undress themselves.Mary Lou Busch,93, agree to try the Sentab system. She tells Rodriguez that it might be good for someone, but not for her."I have the computer and FaceTime, which I talk with my family on," she expl ains. She also has an iPad and a smartphone."So I do pretty much everything I need to do."To be fair, if Rodriguez had wanted feedback from some more technophobic (害怕技术的) seniors, he might have ended up in the wrong Brookdale community. Thi s one is located in the heart of Southern California's aerospace corridor. Man y residents have backgrounds in engineering, business and academic circles.But Rodriguez says he's still learning something important by moving into this Brookdale community: "People are more tech-proficient than we thought." And besides, where else would he learn to play mahjong?51. What does the passage say about the startups?A) They never lose time in upgrading products for seniors.B) They want to have a share of the seniors' goods market.C) They invite seniors to their companies to try their products.D) They try to profit from promoting digital products to seniors.52. Some entrepreneurs have been invited to Brookdale to ______.A) have an interview with potential customersB) conduct a survey of retirement communitiesC) collect residents' feedback on their productsD) show senior residents how to use IT products53. What do we know about SentabTV?A) It is a TV program catering to the interest of the elderly.B) It is a digital TV which enjoys popularity among seniors.C) It is a TV specially designed for seniors to view programs.D) It is a communication system via TV instead of a computer.54. What does Rodriguez say is important in promoting products?A) Winning trust from prospective customers.B) Knowing the likes and dislikes of customers.C) Demonstrating their superiority on the spot.D) Responding promptly to customer feedback.55. What do we learn about the seniors in the Brookdale community?A) Most of them are interested in using the Sentab.B) They are quite at ease with high-tech products.C) They have much in common with seniors elsewhere.D) Most of them enjoy a longer life than average people.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage f rom Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 中国幅员辽阔，人口众多，很多地方人们都说自己的方言。
2019年6月英语六级真题及答案(三套全)
英语六级真题和答案听力Passage 1At some 2300 miles in length, the Mississippi is the longest river in the United States. At some 1000 miles, the Mackenzie is the longest river in Canada. But these waterways seem minute in comparison to the world’s 2 lengthies t rivers: the Nile and the Amazon.The Nile which begins in central Africa and flows over 4100 miles north into the Mediterranean hosted one of the world’s great ancient civilizations along its shores. Calm and peaceful for most of the year, the Nile used to flood annually, thereby creating, irrigating and carrying new topsoil to the nearby farmland on which ancient Egypt depended for livelihood. As a means of transportation, the river carried various vessels up and down its length.A journey through the unobstructed part of this waterway today would pass by the splendid valley of the Kings, where the tombs of many of these ancient monarchs have stood for over 3000 years. Great civilizations and intensive settlement are hardly associated with the Amazon, yet this 4000 mile-long south American river carries about 20% of the world’s fresh water more than the Mississippi, Nile and Yangtze combined. Other statistics are equally astonishing. The Amazon is so wide at some points that from its center neither shore can be seen. Each second, the Amazon pours some 55 million gallons of water into the Atlantic. There, at its mouth stands one island larger than Switzerland. Most important of all, the Amazon irrigates the largest tropical rain forest on earth.Passage 19. What can be found in the valley of the Kings?10. In what way is the Amazon different from other big rivers?11. What does the speaker say about the Amazon?Recording 2Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the third in our cities of business seminars in the program “Doing Business Abroad”. (Q19) Today, we are going to look at the intercultural awareness, that is the fact that not everyone is British, not everyone speaks English and not everyone does business in a British way. And, why should they? (Q19) If overseas business people are selling to us, then they will make every effort to speak English and to respect our traditions and methods. It is only polite for us to do the same when we visit them. It is not only polite, it is a central, if we want to sell British products overseas. First, a short quiz. Let’s see how interculturally-aware you are. Question 1: where must you not drink alcohol on the first and seventh of every month. Question 2: where should you never admire your host’s possessions. Question 3: how should you attract the waiter during a business lunch in Bangkok. Question 4: where should you try to make all your appointments either before 2 or after 5:30 pm. OK,everyone had a chance to make some notes. Right! Here are the answers. Although I am sure that the information could equally well apply to countries other than those I have chosen. No.1: (Q20) you must not drink alcohol on the first and seventh of the month in India. In international hotels, you may find it served, but if you are having a meal with an India colleague, remember to avoid asking for a beer. If you are an arrival, coincide with one of those tips. No.2: in Arab countries, the politeness and generosity of the people is without parallel. If you admi re your colleague’s beautiful belt and bowls, you may well find yourself being presented with them as a present. This is not a cheap way to do your shopping, however, as your host will quite correctly expect you to respond by presenting him with a gift of equal worth and beauty. In Thailand, clicking the fingers, clapping your hands or just shouting “Waiter” will embarrass your hosts, fellow diners, the waiter himself and, most of all, you. Place your palm downward and make an inconspicuous waving gesture, which will produce instant and satisfying results. And finally, (Q21) in Spain, some businesses maintain the pattern of working until about 2 o’clock and then returning to the office from 5:30 to 8, 9 or 10 in the evening.Q19: What should you do when doing business with foreigners?Q20: What must you avoid doing with your Indian colleague?Q21: What do we learn about some Spanish people?选词填空儿歌Did Sarah Josepha Hale write “Mary’s Little Lamb,” the eternal nursery rhyme（儿歌）about girl named Mar y with a stubborn lamb? This is still disputed, but it’s clear that the woman 26 reputed for writing it was one of America’s most fascinating 27 characters. In honor of the poem publication on May 24,1830, here’s more about the 28 supposed author’s life.Hale wasn’t just a writer, she was also a 29 fierce social advocate, and she was particularly 30 obsessed with an ideal New England, which she associated with abundant Thanksgivinx xg meals that she claimed had “a deep moral influence,” she began a natio nwide 31 campaign to have a national holiday declared that would bring families together while celebrating the 32 traditional festivals. In 1863, after 17 years of advocacy including letters to five presidents, Hale got it. President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War, issued a 33 proclamation setting aside the last Thursday in November for the holiday.The true authorship of “Mary’s Little Lamb” is disputed. According to New England Historical Society, Hale wrote only one part of the poem, but claimed authorship. Regardless of the author, it seems that the poem was 34 inspired by a real event. When young Mary Sawyer was followed to school by a lamb in 1816, it caused some problems. A bystander named John Roulstone wrote a poem about the event, then, at some point, Hale herself seems to have helped write it. However, ifa 1916 piece by her great-niece is to be trusted, Hale claimed for the 35 rest of her life that “Some other people pretended that someone else wrote the poem”.A）campaignB）careerC）charactersD）featuresE）fierceF）inspiredG）latterH）obsessedI）proclamationJ）rectifiedK）reputedL）restM）supposedN）traditionalO）versatile金字塔Scientists scanning and mapping the Giza pyramids say they've discovered that the Great Pyramid of Giza is not exactly even. But really not by much. This pyramid is the oldest of the world’s Seven Wonders. The pyramid’s exact size has 26 puzzled experts for centuries, as the "more than 21 acres of hard, white casing stones" that originally covered it were 27 removed long ago.Reporting in the most recent issue of the newsletter "AERAGRAM," which 28 chronicles the work of the Ancient Egypt Research Associates, engineer Glen Dash says that by using a new measuring approach that involved finding any surviving 29 remnants of the casing in order to determine where the original edge was. They found the east side of the pyramid to be a 30 maximum of 5.55 inches shorter than the west side.The question that most 31 fascinates him, however, isn't how the Egyptians who designed and built the pyramid got it wrong 4,500 years ago, but how they got it so close to 32 perfect. "We can only speculate as to how the Egyptians could have laid out these lines with such 33 precision using only the tools they had," Dash writes. He says his 34 hypothesis is that the Egyptians laid out their design on a grid, noting that the great pyramid is oriented only 35 slightly away from the cardinal directions (its north-south axis runs 3 minutes 54 seconds west of due north, while its east-west axis runs 3 minutes 51 seconds north of due east)—an amount that's "tiny, but similar," Atlas Obscura points out.chroniclesestablishedfascinateshypothesismaximummomentummysteriouslyperfectprecisionpuzzledremnantsremovedrevelationsslightly家用机器人When Elon Musk says, as he did this week, that his new priority is using artificial intelligence to build domestic robots, we should not only take note, but look forward to the day we can put our legs up in admiration.Mr. Musk is a guy who gets things done. The founder of two “moonshot” tech companies, Tesla Motors and SpaceX, is bringing electric vehicles to mass market and 26 humans to live on other planets. Lest this strike the amateur techie—not that readers of The Independent would ever count among them—as so much hot air, you can be reassured that the near $13bn (£8.8bn) fortune this entrepreneur has 27 comes from practical achievements rather than hypothetical ones.A lot of clever people are 28 about artificial intelligence, fearing that robots will one day become so 29 they’ll murder all of us. These fears are mostly30 : as with hysteria about genetic modification, we humans are generally wise enough to manage these problems with alacrity and care.And just think of how wonderful it would be if you had a live-in robot. It could —31 — be like having a babysitter and masseuse rolled into one —or, if that required 32 intelligence beyond the ken of Mr. Musk’s imagined machine, at least some one t o chop the carrots, wash the car and mow the lawn. Once purchased and trained, this would allow the 33 user to save money and time, freeing up 34 space in our busy lives to, for instance, read The Independent.That is why we welcome Mr. Musk’s l atest 35 , and wish him well. As long as robots add to the sum of human happiness, reduce suffering or cumbersome activity, and create time to read world-class journalism, The Independent will be their fans. Especially since journalism is one job robots will never do.B) casualC) emotionalD) enablingE) eventuallyF) exaggeratedG) extravagantH) generouslyI) misleadingJ) preciousK) rewardL) smartM) sphereN) terrifiedO) venture答案：26. D enabling27. A amassed28. N terrified29. L smart30. F exaggerated31. E eventually32. C emotional33. B casual34. J precious35. O venture阅读Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The Ebro Delta, in Spain, famous as a battleground during the Spanish Civil War, is now the setting for a different contest, one that is pitting rice farmers against two enemies: the rice-eating giant apple snail, and rising sea levels. What happens here will have a bearing on the future of European rice production and the overall health of southern European wetlands.Located on the Mediterranean just two hours south of Barcelona, the Ebro Delta produces 120 million kilograms of rice a year, making it one of the continent’s most important rice-growing areas. As the sea creeps into these fresh-water marshes, however, rising salinity（盐分）is hampering rice production. At the same time, this sea-water also kills off the greedy giant applesnail, an introduced pest that feeds on young rice plants. The most promising strategy has become to harness one foe against the other.The battle is currently being waged on land, in greenhouses at the University of Barcelona. Scientists working under the banner “Project Neurice” are seeking varieties of rice that can withstand the increasing salinity without losing the absorbency that makes European rice ideal for traditional Spanish and Italian dishes.“The project has two sides,” says Xavier Serrat, Neurice project manager and researcher at the University of Barcelona. “the short-term fight against the snail, and a mid- to long-term fight against climate change. But the snail has given the project greater urgency.”Originally from South America, the snails were accidentally introduced into the Ebro Delta by Global Aquatic Tecnologies, a company that raised the snails for fresh-water aquariums（水族馆）, but failed to prevent their escape. For now, the giant apple snail’s presence in Europe is limited to the Ebro Delta. But the snail continues its march to new territory, says Serrat. “The question is not if it will reach other rice-growing areas of Europe, but when.”Over the next year and a half investigators will test the various strains of salt-tolerant rice they’ve bred. In 2018, farmers will plant the varieties with the most promi se in the Ebro Delta and Europe’s other two main rice-growing regions—along the Po in Italy, and France’s Rhône. A season in the field will help determine which, if any, of the varieties are ready for commercialization.As an EU-funded effort, the search for salt-tolerant varieties of rice is taking place in all three countries. Each team is crossbreeding a local European short-grain rice with a long-grain Asian variety that carries the salt-resistant gene. The scientists are breeding successive generations to arrive at varieties that incorporate salt tolerance but retain about 97 percent of the European rice genome（基因组）.46.Why does the author mention the Spanish Civil War at the beginning of the passage?A. It had great impact on the life of Spanish rice farmers.B. It is of great significance in the records of Spanish history.C. Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are waging a battle of similar importance.D. Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are experiencing as hard a time as in the war.47.What may be the most effective strategy for rice farmers to employ in fighting their enemies?A. Striking the weaker enemy firstB. Killing two birds with one stoneC. Eliminating the enemy one by oneD. Using one evil to combat the other48. What do we learn about “Project Neurice”?A. Its goals will have to be realized at a cost.B. It aims to increase the yield of Spanish rice.C. Its immediate priority is to bring the pest under control.D. It tries to kill the snails with the help of climate change.49. What does Neurice project manager say about the giant apple snail?A. It can survive only on southern European wetlands.B. It will invade other rice-growing regions of Europe.C. It multiplies at a speed beyond human imagination.D. It was introduced into the rice fields on purpose.50. What is the ultimate goal of the EU-funded program?A. Cultivating ideal salt-resistant rice varieties.B. Increasing the absorbency of the Spanish rice.C. Introducing Spanish rice to the rest of Europe.D. Popularizing the rice crossbreeding technology.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Photography was once an expensive, laborious ordeal reserved for life's greatest milestones. Now, the only apparent cost to taking infinite photos of something as common as a meal is the space on your hard drive and your dining companion's patience.But is there another cost, a deeper cost, to documenting a life experience instead of simply enjoying it? "You hear that you shouldn't take all these photos and interrupt the experience, and it's bad for you, and we're not living in the present moment," says Kristin Diehl, associate professor of marketing at the University of Southern California Marshall School of Business.Diehl and her fellow researchers wanted to find out if that was true, so they embarked on a series of nine experiments in the lab and in the field testing people's enjoyment in the presence or absence of a camera. The results, published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, surprised them. Taking photos actually makes people enjoy what they're doing more, not less."What we find is you actually look at the world slightly differently, because you're looking for things you want to capture, that you may want to hang onto," Diehl explains. "That gets people more engaged in the experience, and they tend to enjoy it more."Take sightseeing. In one experiment, nearly 200 participants boarded a double-decker bus for a tour of Philadelphia. Both bus tours forbade the use of cell phones but one tour provided digital cameras and encouraged people to take photos. The people who took photos enjoyed the experience significantly more, and said they were more engaged, than those who didn't.Snapping a photo directs attention, which heightens the pleasure you get from whatever you're looking at, Diehl says. It works for things as boring as archaeological（考古的）museums, wherepeople were given eye-tracking glasses and instructed either to take photos or not. "People look longer at things they want to photograph," Diehl says. They report liking the exhibits more, too.To the relief of Instagrammers（Instagram用户）everywhere, it can even makes meals more enjoyable. When people were encouraged to take at least three photos while they ate lunch, they were more immersed in their meals than those who weren't told to take photos.Was it the satisfying click of the camera? The physical act of the snap? No, they found; just the act of planning to take a photo—and not actually taking it—had the same joy-boosting effect. "If you want to take mental photos, that works the same way," Diehl says. "Thinking about what you would want to photograph also gets you more engaged."51.What does the author say about photo-taking in the past?A. It was a painstaking effort for recording life’s major events.B. It was a luxury that only a few wealthy people could enjoy.C. It was a good way to preserve one’s precious images.D. It was a skill that required lots of practice to master.52.Kristin Diehl conducted a series of experiments on photo-taking to find out __________.A. what kind of pleasure it would actually bring to photo-takersB. whether people enjoyed it when they did sightseeingC. how it could help to enrich people’s life experiencesD. Whether it prevented people enjoying what they were doing53.What do the results of Diehl’s experiments show that people taking photos?A. They are distracted from what they are doing.B. They can better remember what they see or do.C. They are more absorbed in what catches their eye.D. They can have a better understanding of the world.54.What is found about museum visitors with the aid of eye-tracking glasses?A. They come out with better photographs of the exhibits.B. They focus more on the exhibits when taking pictures.C. They have a better view of what are on display.D. They follow the historical events more easily.55.What do we learn from the last paragraph?A. It is better to make plans before taking photos.B. Mental photos can be as beautiful as snapshots.C. Photographers can derive great joy from the click of the camera.D. Even the very thought of taking a photo can have a positive effect.翻译自行车自行车曾经是中国城乡最主要的交通工具，中国一度被称为“自行车王国”。
大学英语六级改革适用段落翻译-试卷228_真题(含答案与解析)-交互
大学英语六级改革适用（段落翻译）-试卷228(总分12, 做题时间90分钟)4. TranslationPart Ⅳ Translation1.茶是中国人的一种特殊饮料，在中国人的日常生活中占有重要的地位。
作为世界茶叶主要出产国之一。
中国的茶叶种类繁多，具有代表性的有绿茶、红茶、乌龙茶 (oolong tea)、白茶等。
不同的茶叶具有不同的功效，长期饮用对身体有很大益处。
茶文化在中国历史悠久，喝茶一直是中国人的消遣方式。
另外，中国人还喜欢用茶来招待客人。
中国茶文化已渗透到中国文化的各个方面，包括诗词、绘画、**、医学等领域。
SSS_TEXT_QUSTI分值: 2答案:正确答案： Tea is a special drink of Chinese people and plays an important role in their daily life. As one of the world's main tea producing countries, China has various types of tea, the representatives of which are green tea, black tea, oolong tea, white tea, etc. Different types of tea have different functions and drinking tea on a regular basis is of great benefit to health. Tea culture has a long history in China, and drinking tea has been a pastime of Chinese people. In addition, Chinese people also enjoy treating guests with tea. Chinese tea culture has permeated into every aspect of Chinese culture, including the fields of poetry, painting, religion, medicine and so on.解析：1．第二句较长，可将“中国的茶叶种类繁多”处理成主句，“具有代表性的有绿茶、红茶……”用非限制性定语从句the representatives of which．．．来表达，使译文更地道。
2019年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版 第2套)
Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on th e importance of mutual understanding and respect in interpersonal relationshi ps. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ __________Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)听力音频MP3文件，点击进入听力真题页面Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation an d the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). The n mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) Why Roman Holiday was more famous than Breakfast at Tiffany's.B) Why Audrey Hepburn had more female fans than male ones.C) Why the woman wanted to be like Audrey Hepburn.D) Why so many girls adored Audrey Hepburn.2. A) Her unique personality.B) Her physical condition.C) Her shift of interest to performing arts.D) Her family's suspension of financial aid.3. A) She was not an outgoing person.B) She was modest and hardworking.C) She was easy-going on the whole.D) She was usually not very optimistic.4. A) She was influenced by the roles she played in the films.B) Her parents taught her to sympathize with the needy.C) She learned to volunteer when she was a child.D) Her family benefited from other people's help.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) Give a presentation.B) Raise some questions.C) Start a new company.D) Attend a board meeting.6. A) It will cut production costs.B) It will raise productivity.C) No staff will be dismissed.D) No new staff will be hired.7. A) The timeline of restructuring.B) The reasons for restructuring.C) The communication channels.D) The company's new missions.8. A) By consulting their own department managers.B) By emailing questions to the man or the woman.C) By exploring various channels of communication.D) By visiting the company's own computer network.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each pas sage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the question s will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the be st answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresp onding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) It helps passengers to take care of their pet animals.B) It has animals to help passengers carry their luggage.C) It uses therapy animals to soothe nervous passengers.D) It allows passengers to have animals travel with them.10. A) Avoiding possible dangers.B) Finding their way around.C) Identifying drug smugglers.D) Looking after sick passengers.11. A) Schedule their flights around the animal visits.B) Photograph the therapy animals at the airport.C) Keep some animals for therapeutic purposes.D) Bring their pet animals on board their plane.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) Beside a beautifully painted wall in Arles.B) Beside the gate of an ancient Roman city.C) At the site of an ancient Roman mansion.D) At the entrance to a reception hall in Rome.13. A) A number of different images.B) A number of mythological heroes.C) Various musical instruments.D) Paintings by famous French artists.14. A) The originality and expertise shown.B) The stunning images vividly depicted.C) The worldly sophistication displayed.D) The impressive skills and costly dyes.15. A) His artistic taste is superb.B) His identity remains unclearC) He was a collector of antiques.D) He was a rich Italian merchant.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks f ollowed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. Af ter you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choic es marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Shee t 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) They encourage international cooperation.B) They lay stress on basic scientific research.C) They place great emphasis on empirical studies.D) They favour scientists from its member countries.17. A) Many of them wish to win international recognition.B) They believe that more hands will make light work.C) They want to follow closely the international trend.D) Many of their projects have become complicated.18. A) It requires mathematicians to work independently.B) It is faced with many unprecedented challenges.C) It lags behind other disciplines in collaboration.D) It calls for more research funding to catch up.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) Scientists tried to send a balloon to Venus.B) Scientists discovered water on Venus.C) Scientists found Venus had atmosphere.D) Scientists observed Venus from a space vehicle.20 A) It resembles Earth in many aspects.B) It is the same as fiction has portrayed.C) It is a paradise of romance for alien life.D) It undergoes geological changes like Earth.21. A) It might have been hotter than it is today.B) It might have been a cozy habitat for life.C) It used to have more water than Earth.D) It used to be covered with rainforests.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) Causes of sleeplessness.B) Cross-cultural communication.C) Cultural psychology.D) Motivation and positive feelings.23. A) They attach great importance to sleep.B) They often have trouble falling asleep.C) They pay more attention to sleep efficiency.D) They generally sleep longer than East Asians.24. A) By asking people to report their sleep habits.B) By observing people's sleep patterns in labs.C) By having people wear motion-detecting watches.D) By videotaping people's daily sleeping processes.25. A) It has made remarkable progress in the past few decades.B) It has not yet explored the cross-cultural aspect of sleep.C) It has not yet produced anything conclusive.D) It has attracted attention all over the world.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are require d to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making yo ur choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throug h the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.The dream of personalised fight is still vivid in the minds of many inventors, some developing cycle-powered craft, others __26__ money into jetpacks (喷气飞行背包). However, the flying car has always remained the __27__ symbol of pers onal transport freedom.Several companies around the world have produced __28__ that can drive on roads and fly. Airbus has a futuristic modular (组件式的) concept involving a passenger capsule that can be __29__ from the roa d-going chassis (底盘) and picked up by a helicopter-type machine.But all these concepts are massively expensive, require safety certification s tandards for road and air, need __30__ controls, involve complex folding w ings and propellers, and have to be flown from air-strips. So they are likely to remain rich people's playthings rather than practical transport solutions for the masses.“A car that takes off from some London street and lands in another __31__ st reet is unlikely to happen, ”says Prof. Gray, a leading aeronautical engineer. "Sky taxis are much more likely." But that won't stop inventors from dreamin g up new ways to fly and trying to persuade investors to back their sometim es __32__ schemes.Civilian aviation is being disrupted, not by the age-old desires for speed, ro manticism and __33__, but by the pressing need to respond to a changing climate. New electric engines coupled with artificial intelligence and __34_ _ systems will contribute to a more efficient, integrated transport system that is less polluting and less noisy. That may sound simple, but as Prof. Gray says,"When I travel somewhere I like this notion that when I finish my journey I fe el better than when I started it. That's completely at __35__ with how I feel t oday." Now that would be progress.A) autonomous B) detached C) dual D) glamour E) imminent F) odds G) op posites H) outrageous I) pouring J) prototypes K) random L) repressing M) s egmented N) spectrum O) ultimateSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statemen ts attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the pa ragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a le tter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sh eet 2.Companies Are Working with Consumers to Reduce WasteA) As consumers, we are very wasteful. Annually, the world generates 1.3 billi on tons of solid waste. This is expected to go up to 2.2 billion by 2025. The d eveloped countries are responsible for 44% of waste, and in the U. S. alone, t he average person throws away their body weight in rubbish every month.B) Conventional wisdom would seem to suggest that companies have no ince ntive to lengthen the life cycle of their products and reduce the revenue the y would get from selling new goods. Yet, more and more businesses are think ing about how to reduce consumer waste. This is partly driven by the rising pr ice of raw materials and metals. It is also partly due to both consumers and c ompanies becoming more aware of the need to protect our environment.C) When choosing what products to buy and which brands to buy from, more and more consumers are looking into sustainability. This is opposed to just p rice and performance they were concerned about in the past. In a survey of 54 of the world's leading brands, almost all of them reported that consume rs are showing increasing care about sustainable lifestyles. At the same time,surveys on consumers in the U.S. and the U. K. show that they also care abo ut minimizing energy use and reducing waste.D) For the most part, consumers control what happens to a product. But so me companies are realizing that placing the burden of recycling entirely on th e consumer is not an effective strategy, especially when tossing something away seems like the easiest and most convenient option.E) Some retailers and manufacturers in the clothing, footwear, and electronic s industries have launched environmental programs. . They want to make thei r customers interested in preserving their products and preventing things that still have value from going to the garbage dump. By offering services to help expand the longevity of their products, they're promising quality and dur ability to consumers, and receiving the reputational gains for being environm entally friendly.F) For example, the Swedish jeans company Nudie Jeans offers free repair at twenty of their shops. Instead of discarding their old worn-out jeans, custome rs bring them in to be renewed. The company even provides mail-order repair kits and online videos, so that customers can learn how to fix a pair of jeans at home. Their philosophy is that extending the life of a pair of jeans is not on ly great for the environment, but allows the consumer to get more value out of their product. When customers do want to toss their pair, they can give th em back to the store ，which will repurpose and resell them. Another clothing company, Patagonia, a high-end outdoor clothing store, follows the same principle. It has partnere d with DIY website iFixit to teach consumers how to repair their clothing, such as waterproof outerwear,' at home. The company also offers a repair progr am for their customers for a modest fee. Currently, Patagonia repairs about 40,000 garments a year in their Reno, Nevada, service center. According to t he company's CEO, Rose Marcario, this is about building a company that care s about the environment. At the same time, offering repair supports the per ceived quality of its products.G) In Brazil, the multinational corporation Adidas has been running a shoe-r ecycling program called “Sustainable Footprint” since 2012. Customers can bri ng shoes of any brand into an Adidas store to be shredded and turned into al ternative fuels for energy creation instead of being burned as trash, They ar e used to fuel cement ovens. To motivate visitors to bring in more old shoes , Adidas Brazil promotes the program in stores by showing videos to educate customers, and it even offers a discount each time a customer brings in an o ld pair of shoes. This boosts the reputation and image of Adidas by making p eople more aware of the company's values.H) Enormous opportunities also lie with e-waste. It is estimated that in 2014 t he world produced some 42 million metric tons of e-waste (discarded electrica l and electronic equipment and its parts) with North America and Europe accounting for 8 and 12 million metric tons respectively. The materials from e-was te include iron, copper, gold, silver, and aluminum- materials that could be r eused, resold, salvaged, or recycled. Together, the value of these metals is es timated to be about $ 52 billion. Electronics giants like Best Buy and Samsung have provided e-waste take-back programs over the past few years, which ai m to refurbish (翻新) old electronic components and parts into new products.I) For other companies interested in reducing waste, helping the environme nt, and providing the sustainable lifestyles that consumers seek, here are so me first steps for building a relationship with customers that focuses on recycl ing and restoring value to products :J) Find partners. If you are a manufacturer who relies on outside distributors, then retailers are the ideal partner for collecting old products. Power tool ma ker DeWalt partners with companies, such as Lowes and Napa Auto Parts, to collect old tools at their stores for recycling. The partnership benefits both si des by allowing unconventional partners (for example, two companies from two different industries) to work together on a specific aspect of the value ch ain, like, in this example, an engine firm with an accessory one.K) Create incentives. Environmental conscientiousness isn't always enough to make customers recycle old goods. For instance, DeWalt discovered that ma ny contractors were holding on to their old tools , even f they no longer worke d, because they were expensive purchases and it was hard to justify bringing them in to recycle. By offering instant discounts worth as much as $ 100, D eWalt launched a trade-in program to encourage people to bring back tools. As a result, DeWalt now reuses those materials to create new products.L) Start with a trial program, and expect to change the details as you go. An y take-back program will likely change over time, depending on what works f or your customers and company goals. Maybe you see low customer particip ation at first, or conversely, so much success that the cost of recycling beco mes too high. Best Buy, for instance, has been bearing the lion's share of e-w aste volume since two of its largest competitors, Amazon and Wal-mart, do n ot have their own recycling programs. Since the launch of its program, Best B uy changed its policy to add a $ 25 fee for recycling old televisions in order to keep the program going.M) Build a culture of collective values with customers. A stronger relationshi p between the retailer/producer and the consumer isn't just about financial in centives. By creating more awareness around your efforts to reduce waste, and by developing a culture of responsibility, repair, and reuse, you can build customer loyalty based on shared values and responsibilities.N) These examples are just the tip of the iceberg, but they demonstrate ho w helping customers get more use of their materials can transform value ch ains and operations. Reducing waste by incorporating used materials into production can cut costs and decrease the price of procurement (采购): less to be procured from the outside and more to be re-utilized from the i nside.O) Companies play a big role in creating a circular economy, in which value i s generating less from extracting new resources and more from getting better use out of the resources we already have——but they must also get custome rs engaged in the process.36. Some companies believe that products' prolonged lifespan benefits both t he environment and customers.37. A survey shows shoppers today are getting more concerned about ener gy conservation and environmental protection when deciding what to buy.38. Companies can build customer loyalty by creating a positive culture of en vironmental awareness.39. When companies launch environmental programs, they will have their bra nd reputation enhanced.40. One multinational company offers discounts to customers who bring in old footwear to be used as fuel.41. Recycling used products can help manufacturers reduce production costs.42. Electronic products contain valuable metals that could be recovered.43. It seems commonly believed that companies are not motivated to prolo ng their products' ifespan.44. It is advisable for companies to partner with each other in product recycli ng.45. Some businesses have begun to realize it may not be effective to let con sumers take full responsibility for recycling.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by s ome questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four ch oices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and ma rk the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the c entre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Effective Friday, Screen Actors Guild-American Federation of Television and R adio Artists ( SAG-AFTRA) has declared a strike against 11 video game publis hers over games that went into production after Feb.17,2015. The companies include some of the heavyweights of the industry, like E lectronic Arts Productions, Insomniac Games, Activision and Disney.The strike comes in light of an unsuccessful 19 months of negotiations after the existing labor contract known as the Interactive Media Agreement expired in late 2014. Overall, the strike is an effort to provide more secondary co mpensation along with other concerns, such as transparency upon hiring t alent and on-set (制作中) safety precautions.The video gaming industry has ballooned in recent years. The Los Angeles Ti mes reports that the industry is in the midst of an intense increase in cash fl ow. In 2015, gaming produced $ 23.5 billion in domestic revenue.But SAG-AFTRA says voice actors don't receive residuals (追加酬金) for their gaming work. Instead, they receive a fixed rate, which is typically about $ 825 for a standard four-hour vocal session. So the voice actors are pushing for the idea of secondary compensation--a performance bonus every time a game sells 2 million copies or download s, or reaches 2 million subscribers, with a cap at 8 million."It's a very small number of games that would trigger this secondary compe nsation issue," said voice actor Crispin Freeman, who's a member of the uni on's negotiating committee."This is an important aspect of what it means to be a freelance (从事自由职业的) performer , who isn't regularly employed every single day working on proj ects."Another major complaint from the actors is the secrecy of the industry." I can't imagine if there's any other acting job in the world where you don't know what show you're in, when you're hired," says voice actor Keythe Farley , who chairs the SAG-AFTRA negotiating committee."And yet that happens every day in the video game world," Farley told report ers during a press conference Friday."I was a main character in Fallout 4, a character by the name of Kellogg, and I never knew that I was doing vocal recording for that game throughout the year and a half.Scott Witlin, the lawyer representing the video game companies, says voice a ctors "represent less than one tenth of 1 percent of the work that goes into m aking a video game." So "even though they're the top craftsmen in their field, " Witlin says,"if we pay them under a vastly different system than the people who do the 9 9.9 percent of the work, that's going to create far more problems for the vide o game companies."46. Why did SAG-AFTRA declare a strike against some video game publisher s?A) The labor contract between them had been violated.B) Its appeal to renegotiate the contract had been rejected.C) It had been cheated repeatedly in the 19 months of talks.D) The negotiations between them had broken down.47. What do we learn from the passage about the video gaming industry?A) It has reaped huge profits in recent years.B) It has become more open and transparent.C) It has attracted many famous voice actors.D) It has invested a lot in its domestic market.48. What are the voice actors demanding?A) More regular employment.B) A non-discriminatory contract.C) Extra pay based on sales revenues.D) A limit on the maximum work hours.49. What does Keythe Farley say about voice actors?A) They are kept in the dark about many details of their job.B) They are discriminated against in the gaming industry.C) They are not paid on a regular basis.D) They are not employed full-time.50. What is the argument of lawyer Scott Witlin?A) Voice actors should have a pay raise if they prove to be top craftsmen.B) Changing the pay system would cause the industry more problems.C) Voice actors are mere craftsmen, not professional performers.D) Paying voice actors on an hourly basis is in line with the law.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Officials at the White House announced a new space policy focused on mana ging the increasing number of satellites that companies and governments are launching into space. Space Policy Directive-3 lays out general guidelines for t he United States to mitigate (缓解) the effects of space debris and track and manage traffic in space.This policy sets the stage for the Department of Commerce to take over the management of traffic in space. The department will make sure that newly la unched satellites don't use radio frequencies that would interfere with existin g satellites, and schedule when such new satellites can be launched. This only applies to American space activities, but the hope is that it will help standar dize a set of norms in the dawning commercial spaceflight industry through out the world.Space, especially the space directly around our planet, is getting more crowd ed as more governments and companies launch satellites. One impetus for th e policy is that companies are already starting to build massive constellation s (星座)，comprising hundreds or thousands of satellites with many moving parts amon g them. With so much stuff in space, and a limited area around our planet, t he government wants to reduce the chances of a collision. Two or more satel lites slamming into each other could create many more out-of-control bits that would pose even more hazards to the growing collection of satellites in sp ace.And it's not like this hasn't happened before. In 2009 an old Russian craft sla mmed into a communications satellite, creating a cloud of hundreds of pieces of debris and putting other hardware at risk. Journalist Sarah Scoles reports t hat NASA currently tracks about 24,000 objects in space, and in 2016 the Air Force had to issue 3 ,995 ,874 warnings to satellite owners alerting them to a potential nearby threat from another satellite or bit of debris.That's why this new policy also includes directions to update the current U. S. Government Orbital Debris Mitigation Standard Practices, which already re quire any entity that launches a satellite or spacecraft to vigorously analyz e the likelihood that any of their actions , from an unexpected failure or no rmal operations, will create more space debris. It includes accounting for any piece of debris they plan to release over 5mm that might stay in orbit for 25 years or more. It might seem surprising to think about an item staying in spa ce for that long, but the oldest satellite still in orbit- Vanguard 1- turned 60 in 2018.Agencies and companies throughout the world are working on developing tech nology that would dispose of or capture space debris before it causes seriou s damage. But for now, the U. S. government is more focused on preventing new debris from forming than taking the trash out of orbit.51. What is the purpose of the new U. S. space policy?A) To lay out general guidelines for space exploration.B) To encourage companies to join in space programs.C) To make the best use of satellites in space.D) To improve traffic conditions in space.52. What is the Department of Commerce expected to do under the new polic y?A) Reduce debris in space.B) Monitor satellite operations.C) Regulate the launching of new satellites.D) Update satellite communications technology.53. What does the U. S. government hope to do with the new space policy?A) Set international standards for the space fight industry.B) Monopolize space industry by developing a set of norms.C) Facilitate commercial space flights throughout the world.D) Promote international collaboration in space exploration.54. What is a space vehicle launching entity required to do according to the current U. S. Government Orbital Debris Mitigation Standard Practices?A) Give an estimate of how long its debris will stay in space.B) Account for the debris it has released into space at any time.C) Provide a detailed plan for managing the space debris it creates.D) Make a thorough analysis of any possible addition to space debris.55. What are space agencies and companies aiming to do at present?A) Recycle used space vehicles before they turn into debris.B) Develop technology to address the space debris problem.C) Limit the amount of debris entering space.D) Cooperate closely to retrieve space debris.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage f rom Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.汉语现在是世界上用作本族语人数最多的语言。
2019年6月英语六级真题(全三套+详细答案)
2019年6月英语六级真题第一套Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the use of robots. Try to imagine what will happen when more and more robots take the place of human beings in industry as well as people's daily lives. You are requried to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A)Project organizerB)Public relations officer.C)Marketing manager.D)Market research consultant.2.A)Quantitative advertising research.B)Questionnaire design.C)Research methodology.D)Interviewer training.3.A)They are intensive studies of people’s spending habits.B)They examine relations between producers and customers.C)They look for new and effective ways to promote products.D)They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.4.A)The lack of promotion opportunity.B)Checking charts and tables.C)Designing questionnaires.D)The persistent intensity.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)His view on Canadian universities.B)His understanding of higher education.C)His suggestions for improvements in higher education.D)His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities.6.A)It is well designed.B)It is rather inflexible.C)It varies among universities.D)It has undergone great changes.7.A)The United States and Canada can learn from each other.B)Public universities are often superior to private universities.C)Everyone should be given equal access to higher education.D)Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions.8.A) University systems vary from country to country.B)Efficiency is essential to university management.C) It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private one.D) Many private university in the U.S. Are actually large bureaucracies.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A) Government’s role in resolving an economic crisis.B) The worsening real wage situation around the worldC) Indications of economic recovery in the United States.D) The impact of the current economic crisis on people’s life.10.A)They will feel less pressure to raise employees’wages.B) They will feel free to choose the most suitable employees.C) They will feel inclined to expand their business operations.D) They will feel more confident in competing with their rivals.11.A) Employees and companies cooperate to pull through the economic crisis.B) Government and companies join hands to create hobs for the unemployed.C) Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.D) Team work will be encouraged in companies.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A) Whether memory supplements work.B) Whether herbal medicine works wonders.C) Whether exercise enhances one’s memory.D) Whether a magic memory promises success.13.A) They help the elderly more than the young.B) They are beneficial in one way or another.C) They generally do not have side effects.D) They are not based on real science.14.A)They are available at most country fairs.B)They are taken in relatively high dosage.C)They are collected or grown by farmers.D)They are prescribed by trained practitioners.15.A)They have often proved to be as helpful as doing mental exercise.B)Taking them with other medications might entail unnecessary risks.C)Their effect lasts only a short time.D)Many have benefited from them.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)How catastrophic natural disasters turn out to be to developing nations.B)How the World Meteorological Organization studies natural disasters.C)How powerless humans appear to be in face of natural disasters.D)How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.17.A)By training rescue teams for emergencies.B)By taking steps to prepare people for them.C)By changing people’s views of nature.D)By relocating people to safer places.18.A)How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.B)How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters.C)How Cubans suffer from tropical storms.D)How destructive tropical storms can be.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A)Pay back their loans to the American government.B)Provide loans to those in severe financial difficulty.C)Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery.D)Speed up their recovery from the housing bubble.20.A)Some banks may have to merge with others.B)Many smaller regional banks are going to fail.C)It will be hard for banks to provide more loans.D)Many banks will have to lay off some employees.21.A)It will work closely with the government.B)It will endeavor to write off bad loans.C)It will try to lower the interest rate.D)It will try to provide more loans.22.A)It won’t help the American economy to turn around.B)It won’t do any good to the major commercial banks.C)It will win the approval of the Obama administration.D)It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23.A)Being unable to learn new things.B)Being rather slow to make changes.C)Losing temper more and more often.D)Losing the ability to get on with others.24.A)Cognitive stimulation.B)Community activity.C)Balanced diet.D)Fresh air.25.A)Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging.B)Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life.C)Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles.D)Seeking advice from doctors from time to time.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for eachitem on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Pursuing a career is an essential part of adolescent development.“The adolescent becomes an adult when he_26_a real job.”To cognitive researchers likePiaget,adulthood meant the beginning of an_27_.Piaget argued that once adolescents enter the world of work,their newly acquired ability to form hypotheses allows them to create representations that are too ideal.The_28_of such ideals,without the tempering of the reality of a job or profession,rapidly leads adolescents to become _29_ of the non-idealistic world and to press for reform in a characteristically adolescent way.Piaget said:“True adaptation to society comes_30_when the adolescent reformer attempts to put his ideas to work.”Of course,youthful idealism is often courageous,and no one likes to give up dreams.Perhaps,taken_31_out of context,Piaget’s statement seems harsh.What he was_32_，however,is the way reality can modify idealistic views.Some people refer to such modification as maturity.Piaget argued that attaining and accepting a vocation is one of the best ways to modify idealized views and to mature.As careers and vocations become less available during times of _33_,adolescents may be especially hard hit.Such difficult economic times may leave many adolescents_34_about their roles in society.For this reason,community interventions and government job programs that offer summer and vacation work are not only economically_35_but also help to stimulate the adolescent’s sense of worth.A)automaticallyB)beneficialC)capturingD)confusedE)emphasizingF)entranceG)excitedH)existenceI)incidentallyJ)intolerantK)occupationL)promisesM)recessionN)slightlyO)undertakesSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Can societies be rich and green?[A]“If our economies are to flourish,if global poverty is to be eliminated and if the well-being of the world’s people enhanced—not just in this generation but in succeeding generations—we must make sure we take care of the natural environment and resources on which our economic activity depends.”That statement comes not,as you might imagine,from a stereotypicaltree-hugging,save-the-world greenie(环保主义者),but from Gordon Brown,a politician with a reputation for rigour,thoroughness and above all,caution.[B]A surprising thing for the man who runs one of the world’s most powerful economies to say?Perhaps;though in the run-up to the five-year review of the Millennium(千年的)Goals,he is far from alone.The roots of his speech,given in March at the roundtable meeting of environment and energy ministers from the G20 group of nations,stretch back to 1972,and the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm.[C]“The protection and improvement of the human environment is a major issue which affects the well-being of peoples and economic development throughout the world,”read the final declaration from this gathering,the first of a sequence which would lead to the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992 and the World Development Summit in Johannesburg three years ago.[D]Hunt through the reports prepared by UN agencies and development groups —many for conferences such as this year’s Millennium Goals review—and you will find that the linkage between environmental protection and economic progress is a common thread.[E]Managing ecosystems sustainably is more profitable than exploitingthem,according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment.But finding hard evidence to support the thesis is not so easy.Thoughts turn first to some sort of global statistic,some indicator which would rate the wealth of nations in both economic and environmental terms and show a relationship between the two.[F]If such an indicator exists,it is well hidden.And on reflection,this is not surprising;the single word“environment”has so many dimensions,and there are so many other factors affecting wealth—such as the oil deposits—that teasing out a simple economy-environment relationship would be almost impossible.[G]The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment,a vast four-year global study which reported its initial conclusions earlier this year,found reasons to believe that managing ecosystems sustainably—working with nature rather than against it—might be less profitable in the short term,but certainly brings long-term rewards.[H]And the World Resources Institute(WRI)in its World Resources 2005report,issued at the end of August,produced several such examples from Africa and Asia;it also demonstrated that environmental degradation affects the poor more than the rich,as poorer people derive a much higher proportion of their income directly from the natural resources around them.[I]But there are also many examples of growing wealth by trashing the environment,in rich and poor parts of the world alike,whether through unregulated mineral extraction,drastic water use for agriculture,slash-and-burn farming,orfossil-fuel-guzzling(大量消耗)transport.Of course,such growth may not persist in the long term—which is what Mr.Brown and the Stockholm declaration were both attempting to point out.Perhaps the best example of boom growth and bust decline is the Grand Banks fishery.For almost five centuries a very large supply of cod(鳕鱼)provided abundant raw material for an industry which at its peak employed about 40,000 people,sustaining entire communities in Newfoundland.Then,abruptly,the cod population collapsed.There were no longer enough fish in the sea for the stock to maintain itself,let alone an industry.More than a decade later,there was no sign of the ecosystem re-building itself.It had,apparently,been fished out of existence;and the once mighty Newfoundland fleet now gropes about frantically for crab on the sea floor.[J]There is a view that modern humans are inevitably sowing the seed of a global Grand Banks-style disaster.The idea is that we are taking more out of what you might call the planet’s environmental bank balance than it can sustain;we are living beyond our ecological means.One recent study attempted to calculate the extent of this“ecological overshoot of the human economy”,and found that we are using 1.2 Earth’s-worth of environmental goods and services—the implication being that at some point the debt will be called in,and all those services—the things which the planet does for us for free—will grind to a halt.[K]Whether this is right,and if so where and when the ecological axe will fall,is hard to determine with any precision—which is why governments and financial institutions are only beginning to bring such risks into their economic calculations.It is also the reason why development agencies are not united in their view of environmental issues;while some,like the WRI,maintain that environmental progress needs to go hand-in-hand with economic development,others argue that the priority is to build a thriving economy,and then use the wealth created to tackle environmental degradation.[L]This view assumes that rich societies will invest in environmental care.But is this right?Do things get better or worse as we get richer? Here the Stockholmdeclaration is ambiguous.“In the developing countries,”it says,“most of the environmental problems are caused by under-development.”So it is saying that economic development should make for a cleaner world?Not necessarily;“In the industralised countries,environmental problems are generally related to industrialisation and technological development,”it continues.In other words,poor and rich both over-exploit the natural world,but for different reasons.It’s simply not true that economic growth will surely make our world cleaner.[M]Clearly,richer societies are able to provide environmental improvements which lie well beyond the reach of poorer communities.Citizens of wealthy nations demand national parks,clean rivers,clean air and poison-free food.Theyalso,however,use far more natural resources-fuel,water(all those baths and golf courses)and building materials.[N]A case can be made that rich nations export environmental problems,the most graphic example being climate change.As a country’s wealth grows,so do its greenhouse gas emissions.The figures available will not be completelyaccurate.Measuring emissions is not a precise science, particularly when it comes to issues surrounding land use;not all nations have re-leased up-to-date data,and in any case,emissions from some sectors such as aviation are not included in national statistics.But the data is exact enough for a clear trend to be easily discernible.As countries become richer,they produce more greenhouse gases;and the impact of those gases will fall primarily in poor parts of the world.[O]Wealth is not,of course,the only factor involved.The average Norwegian is better off than the average US citizen,but contributes about half as much to climate change.But could Norway keep its standard of living and yet cut its emissions to Moroccan or even Ethiopian levels?That question,repeated across a dozen environmental issues and across our diverse planet,is what will ultimately determine whether the human race is living beyond its ecological means as it pursues economic revival.36.Examples show that both rich and poor countries exploited the environmentfor economic progress.37.Environmental protection and improvement benefit people all over the world.38.It is not necessarily true that economic growth will make our world cleaner.39.The common theme of the UN reports is the relation between environmental protection and economic growth.40.Development agencies disagree regarding how to tackle environment issues while ensuring economic progress.41.It is difficult to find solid evidence to prove environmental friendliness generates more profits than exploiting the natural environment.42.Sustainable management of ecosystems will prove rewarding in the long run.43.A politician noted for being cautious asserts that sustainable human development depends on the natural environment.44.Poor countries will have to bear the cost for rich nations’economic development.45.One recent study warns us of the danger of the exhaustion of natural resources on Earth.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Interactive television advertising, which allows viewers to use their remote controls to click on advertisements, has been pushed for years. Nearly a decade ago it was predicted that viewers of “Friends”, a popular situation comedy, would soon be able to purchase a sweater like Jennifer Aniston’s with a few taps on their remotecontrol.“It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years,”says Colin Dixon of a digital-media consultancy.So the news that Cablevision, and American cable company, was rolling out interactive advertisements to all its customers on October 6th was greeted with some skepticism. During commercials, an overlay will appear at the bottom of the screen, prompting viewers to press a button to request a free sample or order a catalogue. Cablevision hopes to allow customers to buy things with their remote controls early next year.Television advertising could do with a boost. Spending fell by 10% in the first half of the year. The popularization of digital video recorders has caused advertisers to worry that their commercials will be skipped. Some are turning to the Internet, which is cheaper and offers concrete measurements like click-through rates—especially important at a time when marketing budgets are tight. With the launch of interactive advertising,“many of the dollars that went to the Internet will come back to the TV,”says David Kline of Cablevision. Or so the industry hopes.In theory, interactive advertising can engage viewers in a way that 30-second spots do not. Unilever recently ran an interactive campaign for its Axe deodorant(除臭剂)，which kept viewers engaged for more than three minutes on average.The amount spent on interactive advertising on television is still small. Magna, an advertising agency, reckons it will be worth about $138 million this year. That falls far short of the billions of dollars people once expected it to generate. But DirecTV, Comcast and Time Warner Cable have all invested in it. A new effort led by Canoe Ventures, a coalition of leading cable providers, aims to make interactive advertising available across America later this year. BrightLine iTV, Which designs and sells interactive ads, says interest has surged: it expects its revenues almost to triple this year. BSkyB, Britain’s biggest satellite-television service, already provides 9 million customers with interactive ads.Yet there are doubts whether people watching television, a“lean back”medium, crave interaction. Click-through rates have been high so far(around 3-4%, compared with less than 0.3% online), but that may be a result of the novelty. Interactive adsand viewers might not go well together.46.What does Colin Dixon mean by saying“It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years”(Lines 4-5, Para.1)?A)Interactive television advertising will become popular in 10-12 years.B)Interactive television advertising has been under debate for the last decade or so.C)Interactive television advertising is successful when incorporated into situation comedies.D)Interactive television advertising has not achieved the anticipated results.47.What is the public’s response to Cablevision’s planned interactive TV advertising program?A)Pretty positive.B)Totally indifferent.C)Somewhat doubtful.D)Rather critical.48.What is the impact of the wide use of digital video recorders on TV advertising?A)It has made TV advertising easily accessible to viewers.B)It helps advertisers to measure the click-through rates.C)It has placed TV advertising at a great disadvantage.D)It enables viewers to check the sales items with ease.49.What do we learn about Unilever’s interactive campaign?A)It proves the advantage of TV advertising.B)It has done well in engaging the viewers.C)It helps attract investments in the company.D)it has boosted the TV advertising industry.50.How does the author view the hitherto high click-through rates?A)They may be due to the novel way of advertising.B)They signify the popularity of interactive advertising.C)They point to the growing curiosity ofTV viewers.D)They indicate the future direction of media reform.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easy answers. There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it—they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills, Our problems are “structural,”and will take many years to solve.But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view. There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise. But it’s actually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursing real solutions.The fact is job openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of workers forced into part-time employment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged in every major occupational category. Only three states. With a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5%. So the evidence contradicts the claim that we’re mainly suffering from structural unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become so popular?Part of the answer is that this is what always happens during periods of high unemployment—in part because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious.I’ve been looking at what self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the Great Depression; it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now. Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly,declared one 1935 analysis, because the workforce is“unadaptable and untrained. It cannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer.”A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a fiscal stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs—and suddenly industry was eager to employ those“unadaptable and untrained”workers.But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling out economy and our society.So what you need to know is that there’s no evidence whatsoever to back these claims. We aren’t suffering from a shortage of needed skills, We’re suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse—a reason not to act on America’s problems at a time when action is desperately needed.51.What does the author think is the root cause of mass unemployment in America?A)Corporate mismanagement.B)Insufficient demand.C)Technological advances.D)Workers’slow adaptation.52.What does the author think of the experts’claim concerning unemployment?A)Self-evident.B)Thought-provoking.C)Irrational.D)Groundless.53.What does the author say helped bring down unemployment during the Great Depression?A)The booming defense industry.B)The wise heads’benefit package.C)Nationwide training of workers.D)Thorough restructuring of industries.54.What has caused claims of huge structural problems to multiply?A)Powerful opposition to government’s stimulus efforts.B)Very Serious People’s attempt to cripple the economy.C)Evidence gathered from many sectors of the industries.D)Economists’failure to detect the problems in time.55.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A)To testify to the experts’analysis of America’s problems.B)To offer a feasible solution to the structural unemployment.C)To show the urgent need for the government to take action.D)To alert American workers to the urgency for adaptation.Part IV Translation (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。
6月英语四级翻译真题答案卷三
6月英语四级翻译真题答案卷三2017年6月英语四级翻译真题答案（卷三）英语四级的翻译经常会考察一些中国的人文知识，今年上半年的试卷就考察了相关的内容。
下面，店铺为大家送上2017年6月英语四级翻译真题答案，供大家参考。
长江是亚洲最长、世界第三长的河流。
长江流经多种不同的生态系统，是诸多濒危物种的栖息地，灌溉了中国五分之一的土地。
长江流域居住着中国三分之一的人口。
长江在中国历史、文化和经济上起着很大的作用。
长江三角洲产出多达20%的中国国民生产总值。
几千年来，长江一直被用于供水、运输和工业生产。
长江上还坐落着世界最大的水电站。
长江是亚洲最长、世界第三长的'河流。
The Yangtze River is the longest in Asia and the third longest in the world.长江流经多种不同的生态系统，是诸多濒危物种的栖息地，灌溉了中国五分之一的土地。
The river, which flows through/supports/sustains varied/diverse ecosystems along its passage, offers habitats for many endangered species and provides irrigation for 1/5 of China's land.长江流域居住着中国三分之一的人口。
The Yangtze River basin is home to 1/3 of China's population.长江在中国历史、文化和经济上起着很大的作用。
The river plays a very important role in China historically, culturally and economically/bears historical, cultural and economic significance for China.长江三角洲产出多达20%的中国国民生产总值。
2019年6月大学英语六级翻译真题参考答案及解析
【六级翻译真题原文】成语是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式，大多由四个汉字组成。
它们高度简练且形式固定，但通常能形象地表达深刻的含义。
成语大多来源于中国古代的文学作品，通常与某些神话、传说或历史事件有关。
如果不知道某个成语的出处，就很难理解其确切含义。
因为，学习成语有助于人们更好地理解中国传统文化。
成语在日常会话和文学创作中广泛使用。
恰当使用成语可以使一个人的语言更具表现力，交流更有效。
【六级翻译真题参考译文】Chinese idiom is a unique way of exxxxxpression in Chinese mostly composed of four Chinese characters. Although highly concise and fixed in form they usually entail profound meanings. Most idioms stem from ancient Chinese literature and are usually related with certain myths legends or historical events. It is difficult to understand its exact meaning with little knowledge of its origin as learning idioms helps people better understand Chinese traditional culture. Idioms are widely used in daily conversation and literary creation. Proper use of idioms can make a person's language more expressive and help to deliver a more effective communication.【六级翻译真题解析】2019年6月六级翻译真题一共包含六句话，而且段落布局非常符合汉语短句排列、用短不用长的行文习惯;就语序而言，基本以顺序句型为主，这点和英语较为接近，因而翻译中语序无需做过大调整;就时态而言，该段话是对中国成语的一般描述，所以在翻译的过程中，以一般现在时为主;微观角度而言，关于翻译中遇到的词汇，首先关于段落核心词，“成语”，常用的翻译为“Chinese idiom”，且在试题的括号中已给出译文，如果用复数“Chinese idioms”也是可以得分的。
大学英语六级备考：翻译高频词汇之历史地理篇
大学英语六级备考：翻译高频词汇之历史地理篇
下面是大学英语六级备考：翻译高频词汇之历史地理篇，请考生熟悉记忆这些易考到的六级翻译词汇。
孔子 Confucius
孟子 Mencius
老子 Lao Zi
儒学 Confucian School
论语 Analects of Confucius
发明纸和瓷器 invented paper and porcelain
发明火药 invention of gunpowder
发明印刷术 block printing was invented
科举制 Imperial Examination for recruiting civil servants
丝绸之路 Silk Route
长征 Long March
解放战争 War of Liberation
改革开放 reform and opening up
黄河 Yellow River
长江 Yangtze River
珠江 Pearl River
太湖 Lake Tai
鄱阳湖 Lake Poyang
洞庭湖 Lake Dongting
青藏高原 Tibet Plateau
东北平原 Northeast China Plain
华北平原 North China Plain
长江中下游平原 Plain of Middle and Lower Reaches of Changjiang River
南沙群岛 Nansha Island。
四六级翻译题(附答案)
英语四六级翻译真题珠江篇：珠江是华南一大河系，流经广州市，是中国第三长的河流，仅次于长江和黄河。
珠江三角洲(delta)是中国最发达的地区之一，面积约11,000平方公里。
它在面积和人口方面也是世界上最大的城市聚集区。
珠江三角洲九个最大城市共有5,700多万人口。
上世纪70年代末中国改革开放以来，珠江三角洲已成为中国和世界主要经济区域和制造中心之一。
长江篇：长江是亚洲最长、世界上第三长的河流。
长江流经多种不同的生态系统，是诸多濒危物种的栖息地，灌溉了中国五分之一的土地。
长江流域(river basin)居住着中国三分之一的人口。
长江在中国历史、文化和经济上起着很大的作用。
长江三角洲(delta)产出多达20%的中国国民生产总值。
几千年来，长江一直被用于供水、运输和工业生产。
长江上还坐落着世界最大的水电站。
黄河篇：黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流。
“黄”这个字描述的是其河水浑浊的颜色。
黄河发源于青海，流经九个省份，最后注入渤海。
黄河是中国赖以生存的几条河流之一。
黄河流域(river basin)是中国古代文明的诞生地，也是中国早期历史上最繁荣的地区。
然而，由于极具破坏力的洪水频发，黄河曾造成多次灾害。
在过去几十年里，政府采取了各种措施防止灾害发生。
唐朝篇：唐朝始于618年，终于907年，是中国历史上最灿烂的时期。
经过三百年的发展，唐代中国成为世界上最繁荣的强国，其首都长安是世界上最大的都市，这一时期，经济发达，商业繁荣，社会秩序稳定，甚至边境也对外开放，随着城市化的财富的增加，艺术和文学也繁荣起来。
李白和杜甫是以作品简洁自然而著称的诗人。
他们的诗歌打动了学者和普通人的心，即使在今天，他们的许多诗歌仍广为儿童及成人阅读背诵。
宋朝篇：宋朝始于960年，一直延续到1279年。
这一时期，中国经济大幅增长，成为世界上最先进的经济体，科学、技术、哲学和数学蓬勃发展。
宋代中国是世界历史上首先发行纸币的国家。
宋朝还最早使用火药并发明了活字（movable-type）印刷。
2019年6月六级(第三套)答案解析
2019年6月英语六级真题试卷（第三套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) 【参考范文】Any experienced teacher would seek to motivate his students to learn, and share advice on how to find the approaches to learning that suit them well. This universal consistency among education experts indisputably demonstrates an immutable principle of learning: initiative and correct methods are fundamental to academic success.Highly motivated students find learning pleasant and rewarding, and therefore maintain a strong desire to acquire new knowledge and skills, and enough courage to meet new challenges. Unmotivated students, in contrast, feel like they are forced to learn and get bored easily with this seemingly endless process. In addition, proper methods are a contributing factor in increased efficiency and positive learning outcomes. Top students don't necessarily spend the most amount of t ime on learning, but more often than not have found the right ways to improve their academic performance.It is widely acknowledged that there aren't any shortcuts to learning. But at least, a high level of m otivation and smart strategies make someone a dedicated and efficient learner.【范文译文】任何有经验的老师都会设法激发学生的学习积极性，引导学生寻找适合自己的学习方法。
2019年6月大学英语六级(第二套)真题及答案解析
2019年6月大学英语六级考试真题答案与详解（第二套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) 【参考范文】How to deal with the complicated interpersonal relationships always remains a major worry for most of us. Wise words or books that aim to teach us to tackle this daunting issue are, almost without exception, putting stress on mutual understanding and respect, the significance of which seems self-evident.Mutual understanding requires us to put ourselves in each other's place and be forgiving of others5 difficulties. By doing so, we will become more easy-going and accessible, and thus more likely to avoid unnecessary conflicts and frictions with others, a common trigger for a failed relationship. Mutual respect—for privacy, lifestyles, hobbies, professions, opinions and the like— helps create a friendly atmosphere that encourages us to share and exchange our ideas openly without the fear of feeling offended.To sum up, this principle of socializing is certainly a prerequisite for healthy and stable interpersonal relationships. Neglect of it will lead us to end up being estranged from, or even hostile to, each other.【范文译文】如何处理复杂的人际关系始终是我们大多数人的一大烦恼。
英语四级翻译练习题：长江
点击查看》》2021英语四级翻译练习题题库For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.长江全长6000多米，是中国以及亚洲最长的河流。
它发源于青藏高原，流经11个省，往东注入东海。
长江流域居住着约4亿人，其中少数民族人口约占6%。
从唐朝以来，长江流域一直是中国的经济中心，同时也是中国现代工业的起源地。
但是，目前长江流域的经济发展很不平衡，河流三角洲地区发达，而上游区域相对落后。
【参考译文】The Yangtze River, as the longest river in China and Asia, is more than6,000 meters long.Flowing through 11 provinces, it originates the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and empties into the East Sea.There are approximately 400 million people living in the Yangtze Basin, among which the ethical minorities account for about 6%.The Yangtze Basin has been the economic center since Tang Dynasty, and was the birthplace of China's modern industry.However, presently the economic development in the basin is imbalanced, generally developed in the Delta region and relatively backward in the upper basin.【简要解析】第一句：用as…介词短语后置的方式使句子显得更简洁。
六级英语真题2019年6月(第三套)试卷及答案详解
C) Conflicts within the company.
B) Unforeseen difficulties.
D) Imitation by one's competitors.
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
D) It provides them with the basic necessities of everyday life. 17. A) Creating jobs for the huge army of unemployed workers.
B) Providing training and guidance for unemployed workers. C) Convincing local lawmakers to extend unemployment benefits.
15. A) It is being utilised to teach native languages.
B) It tells扛aditional stories dUiing family time.
C) It speeds up the extinction of native languages.
B) They all have professional qualifications. D) They have all studied cross-cultural differences.
8. A) It requires a much larger vocabulary.
B) It attaches more importance to accuracy.
六级长江大桥翻译题
六级长江大桥翻译题翻译:长江大桥是长江上首座由中国设计、采用国产材料建造的铁路公路两用桥。
上层的4车道公路桥长4589米，下层的双轨道铁路桥长6772米。
铁路桥连接原来的两条铁路线，使火车过江从过去的一个半小时缩短为现在的2分钟。
大桥是南北交通的重要枢纽，也是著名景点之一。
长江大桥的建成标志着中国桥梁建设的一个飞跃，大大方便了长江两岸的物资交流和人员往来，对促进经济发展和改善人民生活起到了巨大作用。
原文:Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge is the first railway andhighway dual-purpose bridge designed by China andbuilt with domestic materials on the Yangtze River.The4-lane highway bridge on the upper layer is 4589meters long,and thedouble-track railway bridge onthe lower layer is 6772 meters long.The railway bridgeconnects the original Tianjin to Pukou and Shanghai toNanjing railway lines,shortening the time for trains to cross the river from one and a half hours in the past totwo minutes now.The bridge is an important hub oftransportation between the South and the North ofChina and one of the famous scenic spots in NanjingThe completion of the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridgemarks a leap in China's bridgeconstruction,whichgreatly facilitate material and personnel exchangesbetween the two sides of the Yangtze River and plays asignificant role in promoting economic developmentand improving people's lives.。
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2019年6月英语六级翻译题型模拟训练：长江
长江
长江是中国最长的河流，也是世界第三长河，仅次于非洲的尼罗
河和拉丁美洲的亚马逊河。
长江总长度约为 6 300米，发源于青海省，向东流入东海。
长江流域是中国重要的农作物产区，粮、棉产量分别
占全国总量的40%和30%。
长江三峡大坝是世界上的水利枢纽工程之一，为通航、发电和运输带来了很大的便利。
【翻译词汇】
长江 the Yangtze River/Chang Jiang
尼罗河 the Nile
亚马逊河 the Amazon
向东 eastward
东海 East China Sea
长江流域 the Yangtze River valley
农作物产区 agricultural base
产量 output
分别 respectively
长江三峡大坝 the Three Gorge Dam
水利枢纽工程 water control project
为…带来便利 benefit
通航 navigation
发电 generate electricity
【精彩译文】
The Yangtze River or Chang Jiang is the longest river in China and the third longest in the world, after the Nile in Africa and the Amazon in South America. The river is about 6 300 km long and flows from its source in Qinghai Province, eastward into the East China Sea. The Yangtze River valley has always been an important agricultural base in China. Grain and cotton outputs make up 40 percent and 30 percent of China’s total respectively. As one of the largest water control project in the world, the Three Gorge Dam benefits
for navigation, generating electricity and transportation.。