高考英语阅读文本解读
2022年新高考全国卷1英语阅读理解C篇深度解读含译文
2022年新高考全国卷1英语阅读理解C篇深度解读含译文The elderly residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.“I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.“It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.”There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark onthe project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.28. What is the purpose of the project?A. To ensure harmony in care homes.B. To provide part-time jobs for the aged.C. To raise money for medical research.D. To promote the elderly people’s welfare.29. How has the project affected Ruth Xavier?A. She has learned new life skills.B. She has gained a sense of achievement.C. She has recovered her memory.D. She has developed a strong personality.30. What do the underlined words “embark on”mean in paragraph 7?A. Improve.B. Oppose.C. Begin.D. Evaluate.31. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs?A. It is well received.B. It needs to be more creative.C. It is highly profitable.D. It takes ages to see the results文章主旨：英国伦敦的一家慈善机构创办了一个让养老院的老人养鸡的项目，以便减少老人的孤独感，收到很好的效果，这个项目非常受老年人的欢迎。
2019年高考英语全国卷III试卷分析
2019年高考英语全国卷III试卷分析该试卷（2019年全国卷III）围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大主题全面考查了英语综合运用能力，并且取材广泛、体裁多样、时代性强，其在全国III卷书面表达题目设置了邀请外国朋友参加校内音乐节的情境;阅读理解部分一个语篇以国外视角报道中国文化及中国美学对国际时尚的影响，展现了中国对国际时尚和设计发展的引领作用。
这些语篇通过在试题情境中融入中华优秀传统文化和美育知识，引导考生关注和提高审美情趣。
阅读理解部分第二节语篇介绍在选修网络课程时如何与授课教师建立健康有益的互动交流。
这些语篇视角独特，积极倡导和谐的人际关系和人文情怀。
在短文改错语篇介绍作者要开办多家咖啡馆的工作梦想，宣传了劳动精神，加强了学生的德智体美劳全面发展。
全国III卷完形填空语篇报道了挪威小城Rjukan一年中几乎半年无法得到阳光直射的现状，这种现象在通过利用高科技设备得以改善的过程。
这些语篇能激发深入思考，关注自然和生态，探索人与自然的相处之道。
（一）听力试题分析整体来说，2019年高考英语全国III 卷听力试题没有偏、难、怪题。
选材上，围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大主题中的“人际沟通”、“体育与健康”、“个人、家庭及学校生活”、“未来职业、未来规划”及“人与自然、人与动植物”等，较全面地考查英语综合运用能力。
第7和第8段材料均与“良好的人际关系与社会交往”相关，第5和第9段材料均与“个人职业倾向”相关，第3段材料涉及“家庭生活”等。
材料中还出现了大量可模仿用于输出表达的词块、句子。
常见词块：sell out 售空；卖光；脱销in total 总共；合计membership card 会员卡give sb a …discount 给某人打……折help out (with sth) 帮忙（做某事）no problem [非正式用语] [表示乐于相助或事情容易做] 没问题focus on 集中（注意力、精力等）于a business trip 出差；公务旅行make it 能够到场instead of 代替；而不是take care of 打理。
运用“story map”解读高中英语阅读文本
二 英 语 阅读 教 学 改 进 行 动
１ ．初 始 调 查
” （ Ｔ ｒ ａ ｂ ａ ｓ ｓ ｏ＆Ｂ ｏ ｕ ｃ ｈ ａ ｒ ｄ ， ２ ０ ０ ２ ； Ａｒ ｍｂ ｒ ｕ ｓ ｔ ｅ ｒ ， Ｌ ｅ ｈ ｒ ， ＆Ｏ ｓ ｂ ｏ ｍ， ２ ０ ０ １ ） 。
从学生“ 学” 的角度而言 ， 目前学生对英语 阅读学 习的认识几乎 与 做 阅读理解题划上等号 ， 他们认为要提高 阅读能力就要 多做 阅读理解
意力更 集中 ， 紧紧跟随老师的步伐 ， 生怕漏掉 些什 么 ， 早读时间学生朗 读非常带劲 ， 画画读读背背 ， 体会着文本传 递给读 者的各种信息 ， 当然
对课 文文本本身也更加熟悉 了。课后 对部 分学生进行了 口头采访 ， 学 生普遍 反映这样 的课堂 比较“ 累” ， 但内容容易记忆 、 理解更透彻。 这种
的关系。我们 可以把概念 图作为用图的方式来构建知识 ， 组织信息和 表征 知识 的一 种教学 和学 习策略 。” Ｒｅ ｓ ｅ ａ ｒ ｃ ｈ ｓ ｈ ｏ ｗ ｓ ｔ ｈ ａ ｔ ｔ ｅ ａ ｃ ｈ ｉ ｎ ｇ ｓ ｔ ｕ —
ｄ ｅ ｎ ｔ ｓ ａ ｂ ｏ ｕ ｔ ｔ ｈ ｅ ｐ ｌ ａ ｎ ｏ ｒ ｓ ｔ ｒ ｕ ｃ ｔ ｕ ｒ ｅ ｏ ｆ ａ ｓ ｔ ｏ ｙ ｒ ｌ ｅ ａ ｄ ｓ ｔ ｏ ｉ ｍｐ ｒ ｏ ｖ ｅ ｄ ｃ ｏ ｍｐ ｒ ｅ ｈ ｅ ｎ ｓ ｉ ｏ ｎ ．
打包读后续写高考英语作文新题型4
1. 因为家庭生活不顺，"我"来到公园，坐在长椅上看书，心情 郁闷，自怨自怜。
故
2. 正坐着，一个小男孩来到我面前，兴奋地和"我"分享他找到 的这朵残败凋零的花。
事
3. 出于礼貌，"我"假笑着回应了他，希望他快点离开让"我"一 个人待着。
情
4. 但是他却坐到"我"身边，向"我"再次赞美这朵花的美丽，并
Have a try 牛刀小试：句子翻译与句型转换
1. 眼里噙满泪水，Tom大喊出声，"回来吧，我的青春！"他的声音里都是绝望。
① ___W__it_h_t_e_a_rs_i_n_h_i_s_e_y_e_s____, Tom yelled at the top of his voice, "Come back! My youth,"a_n_d_h_i_s_v_o_ic_e__w_a_s_f_u_ll_o_f_d_e_s_p_a_ir___________. (运用with结构和and的连动
2. So I reached for the flower, and replied, "Just what I need."（Para.3)
Interpretation of underlined words and given information 划线词和续写首句解读（G-N策略）
1. Interpretation of given information首句解读： Para. 2 For all of those times I myself had been blind towards the world around me.
高中英语新高考-阅读理解：指导和解读：意义、结构、表达
高中英语新高考-阅读理解：指导与解读：意义、结构、表达引子：我在标题里用到了“心法”这个词，这是因为阅读完全是一种高度复杂的心理活动，涉及到：提取信息、整合信息、归纳信息、表达输出四个步骤。
这四个步骤一气呵成，在考场上很多就是瞬间迁移的思维活动。
我的总结：学生定位延迟的问题：我们不能再像教辅书那样，只是告诉学生根据第几行得出答案，我们需要告诉他们怎样找到第几行？（需要文本解读中的语篇概念）阅读策略中的略读、扫读、跳读一定要搞清楚区别，有些内容需要略读就不能是跳读。
阅读中的段落总结是必须的，因为人脑阅读后的词汇记忆存量是7个词。
段落概括词，可以是抽象的概括，也可以直接找到关键词，这个要根据段落特点和个人英语水平来。
段落概括词，不是单个的词，每个词犹如石子或钥匙，它能激起涟漪。
相关理论：黄远振教授说：在精读课中把词义概括作为深层次阅读的着力点，透过文本表面的内部结构以及深层含意，以显性的言语方式表现隐形的思维结果。
运用词义概括的深度教学实在整体理解课文后，对文本进行深层加工的环节，其包含三个步骤：结构化、意义化、表达化。
第一步：结构化。
梳理文本内部的逻辑结构。
第二步：意义化。
用词义概括的方法提取文本意义、形成意义线索，一般每个部分用一个词或短语的意义来概括，使上位词和下位词之间构成概括关系。
第三步：表达化。
词义概括之后的言语表达，使言语思维结果显性化。
词义概括是收，言语表达是放，收放结合的认知活动能够训练学生的创造性思维。
基于考试的时间紧张，我把黄老的结构化和意义化融合，将它们用在应试阅读中，同时我增加了辅助信息词。
我的理由是：通过词义概括可以做到以下：主题词的词义之间形成显性主题线逻辑关系；副助信息词之间形成主题线的补充说明或隐性逻辑关系。
其次，我认为应试阅读时间很紧张，按照常规步骤先结构，再意义会耽误不少时间。
词义概括实际上就是概括大意，每一段词义概括后，整个结构就一目了然。
在实践过程中，我在我校实践中就发现，学生能根据语篇衔接逻辑关系词较好推断出语篇结构，常超出我的想象。
2024年高考英语真题(新高考I卷)C篇 解读分析学案(1)
C
Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper? And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? The answers to both questions are often “no.”The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, anentertainment mindsetand a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.
29. What does the shallowing hypothesis assume?
A. Readers treat digital texts lightly.
B. Digital texts are simpler to understand.
C. People select digital texts randomly.
Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.
英语高考“七选五”阅读理解真题详解1
英语高考“七选五”阅读理解真题详解12019年全国卷I【高考真题解题例析】为了让大家能把上面所提到的解题原则、方法和步骤能运用到具体的解题实践之中，下面以2019年英语高考全国卷I中的“七选五”阅读理解试题的解答为例来说明如何解题。
2019年全国卷I 无标题4段段递进式结构说明文259+74=333人与自我之生活与学习：呼吸新鲜空气和接近自然有利于身心健康【高考真题】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.”36 According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.37 If the air you’re breathing is clean—which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles (肌肉) and your brain.Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing (治愈). 38 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood (情绪). Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.40 While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that’s plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day’s worth of Vitamin D.A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.B. So what are you waiting for?C. Being in nature refreshes us.D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.【语篇解析】Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?主题We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get somefresh air.”36 According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.起引入主题总37 If the air you’re breathing is clean—which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles (肌肉) and your brain.Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). 38 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood (情绪). Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.40 While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes airyou’re breathingthenaturalworldandhealingthe sun’s rays,Vitaminhealthhealthhealthto start working, and that’s plenty of time for your skin to absorb aday’s worth of Vitamin D.D【解题过程】第一步，快速浏览文章与选项，判定语篇类型和主题语境。
高考英语 阅读理解A篇(应用文) (解析版)
阅读理解A篇（应用文）考情概览：解读近年命题思路和内容要求，统计真题考查情况。
2024年真题研析：分析命题特点，探寻常考要点，真题分类精讲。
近年真题精选：分类精选近年真题，把握命题趋势。
必备知识速记：归纳串联解题必备知识，总结易错易混点。
名校模拟探源：精选适量名校模拟题，发掘高考命题之源。
【考查要点】高考阅读理解主要从细节理解，推理判断，主旨大意，词义猜测等四方面考查考生的英语阅读理解能力。
在这四项考点中，阅读理解A篇应用文以细节理解的考查最多，是注重获取文章信息的体现，其次是推理判断。
2024年新课标I卷、II卷A篇属于应用文类，主要考查学生定位信息能力和细节理解能力，比较容易拿分。
它们是学生可能参与的真实项目，应用性特别突出。
2024年新课标I卷A篇主题意境为人与社会，文本是一篇应用文，介绍了一个生物栖息地修复工作队的工作内容和招募志愿者的相关信息和要求; 2024年新课标II卷A篇主题意境为人与自然，文本是一篇应用文，主要介绍了The CarlowAutumn WalkingFestival 的四种徒步活动。
2023年新课标I卷A篇属于广告信息类，主题是绿色骑行; 2023年II卷A篇讲述介绍了黄石国家公园提供的几项护林员项目。
【课标链接】依据新课程标准阅读理解部分要求考生读懂选自英语原版书籍、书报和杂志（含网络版）中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。
英语科试卷对接高中英语课程标准要求，阅读理解主要通过语篇情境，在考查阅读能力的同时渗透对文化意识和思维品质的培养。
涉及“人与自我”“人与社会”“人与自然”三大主题语境，符合课程标准提出的通过主题语境考查英语理解能力的要求。
高考阅读理解主要从细节理解，推理判断，主旨大意，词义猜测等四方面考查考生的英语阅读理解能力。
在这四项考点中，阅读理解A篇应用文以细节理解的考查最多，主要考查学生定位信息能力和细节理解能力；注重获取文章信息的体现，其次是推理判断。
英语科普类阅读文本解读及做题技巧
英语科普类阅读文本解读及做题技巧作者：符爱萍来源：《中学课程辅导·教师教育（上、下）》2020年第17期摘要：高中英语阅读教学是学生学习英语的重要方法，其中文本解读是重要组成部分。
通过文本解读的过程能对文章进行解读分析，能更好地了解作者写作意图、文章主题脉络、文本内容，学习文章语言知识及文化内涵。
因此，本文针对高考英语科普阅读理解文本的语篇和词汇特点，探究正确高效的阅读策略和解题技巧，以提升学生的阅读理解能力。
关键词：科普阅读;文本特征;解题技巧中图分类号：G633.41 文献标识码：A文章编号：1992-7711（2020）17-075-1科普类阅读理解是高考英语阅读理解中的重点与难点，阅读题材一般分为自然科學，人文科学和社会科学三大类。
从高中英语新课程标准的目标来看，考生通过科普类阅读，可以提高用英语获取信息处理信、分析问题和解决问题的能力，为未来发展和终生学习奠定良好的基础。
一、科普类阅读的文本风格科普类阅读文章从题材上讲可分为两类：一类说明文，文章往往运用描述、定义、分类、实验等方法探寻、分析、证实和讲解科学知识;另一类为议论文，大多围绕某一科学观点进行论述，论据充分，论证方法清晰。
1.语篇特征。
科普类文章通常学术专业性强，信息量大，结构严谨，段落之间的逻辑性不强，段落之间的内在联系并不十分密切，考生读文章时总感觉读懂了，但做题时却是雾里看花。
因此，学生要从每一段出发，在对每一段内容进行理解的前提下获得对整篇文章的准确把握。
2.语言特征。
一是词汇运用。
科普类阅读文章中词汇正式准确，单词的意思稳定单一，不带感情色彩，又会出现较为生僻的专业词汇，且具有特定的含义。
科普文的词汇就成了考生成功解题的拦路虎，阅读过程的心理障碍。
二是句式运用。
科普文中为了表达更多的信息，常使用长句，且结构复杂，往往从句交叉了较多倒装，虚拟省略等比较复杂的语言现象。
所以，即使文章句中没有生词，考生也未必能够完全理解文章内容，做题就会出现偏差。
新高考阅读理解D篇满分攻略
a.选材特点：
思想性和时代感强，题材涉及发明创造，科技创新，科技与生活，科学研究，知识普及等。
b.文体特征：
体裁为说明文，源自英美主流杂志、报刊、网站等，文章用词地道，逻辑性强，篇幅长，生词多，句式结构复杂，一般首或尾句为 topic sentence.
c、命题特点
阅读理解主要测试考生理解主旨与要义、理解文中具体信息、根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义、做出判断和推理、理解文章的基本结构、理解作者的意图、观点和态度等的能力。说明文的主要命题形式有事实细节题、词义推断题、推理判断题以及主旨概括题，其中事实细节题和推理判断题居多。
★因果法（by cause and effect）
★定义法（by definition）
★时序法（by following the order of time）
★重要性法（by importance,）
★分析原因法（by analyzing cause）
★引入数据或研究（by using data or mentioning some studies）
2023年高考英语阅读理解及应用写作专项指导
2023年高考英语阅读理解及应用写作专项指导阅读理解答题技巧一、考情分析（一）考向解读阅读理解核心是“理解”。
“理解”既包括能准确把握所读材料的表层(字面意思)内容，还要理解内在含义；又包括能概括文章的主旨大意，能对语篇、文段的内部结构进行逻辑分析，推断出段落大意、文章主旨、作者的观点意图及文中未表达的事实、结论。
阅读理解材料内容真实新潮，选材贴近生活，贴近时代，渗透文化意识，强调实际应用。
大致涉及人物趣事、中外交流、社会文化、语言习惯、历史事件、日常生活、新闻广告、科普知识等等。
在体裁上，记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文各占一定的比例。
新课标对英语阅读的要求：1.理解主旨要义。
2.理解文中具体信息。
3.根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义。
4.做出简单判断和推理。
5.理解文章的基本结构。
6.理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
（二）命题趋势近年来，阅读理解的题材变得更加丰富多样，包含人文、科技、经济、政治、新闻等各种原汁原味的外国文章，这些文章大多来自于外国各大报刊或者杂志，例如《纽约时报》、《时代周刊》、《经济学家》和《国家地理杂志》等。
纵观近年高考阅读理解真题，我们可以推测今后的命题趋势：1.信息量加大，对阅读速度的要求提高。
文章有一定长度，覆盖信息广，要求考生加快阅读速度，确保有效时间内最大限度的获取信息。
2.更加重视对语篇分析，推测能力的考查，而减少对事实细节的考查。
3.多采用原版的英文材料，内容新、语言地道，并会穿插一些英语国家文化背景知识的考查。
4.选材贴近生活，贴近时代。
文章体裁多样，题材丰富，涉及科普、社会、文化、政治、经济，人物介绍等。
语言生动规范，描写具体，推理严谨。
丰富的文章内容反映了高考的文化内涵，体现了高考对学生了解多元文化，提高全面文化素质的要求。
5.在试题类型上，考查文章深层含义的台大意题，推理判断题的比例将会有所增加。
（三）命题方式从高考命题的实际情况看，命题者常用下述方法提问：1.What is the purpose of the text?2.What does the author mainly tell us about in the passage?3.What can we infer from the passage?4.What can be inferred from the passage?5.It can be concluded from the text that?6.What can we learn from the text?7.What is the general idea/main idea of the text?8.The passage mainly focuses on .9.What is the main subject discussed in the text?10.It can be inferred from the passage that?11.It can be inferred from that the author seems to?12.What is the best title of the text/for the article?13.The best title for this passage is .14.What can we infer from the last/the first two paragraphs?15.The meaning of the word/sentence in Paragraph X is related to?16.In Paragraph X, “x” can be replaced by?17.The underlined word(“x”)/sentence in Paragraph X probably mean .18.The text is mainly written to explain .19.Which of the following statements is true?20.Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?二、解题策略阅读理解的考题分为客观理解题（是指在短文中客观存在的事实，客观信息的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。
超实用高考英语专题复习：2022年全国1卷高考真题完形文本解读课件
Para 1：总论：你可以通过
一个人如何对待他的狗狗来 了解这个人
catch our ___48___ , Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚)? I liked him
距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考， 能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不 能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本 人从事10多年教学经验总结出的超实用新高考英语专题复习讲义希望可以帮助 大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！
A year later, much to my _____58_____ , this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I _____59_____ him to. That’s only for giving _____60_____ to the dogs that brought us together.
Para 2-5：作者多年和两 只爱犬生活在一起，去年 开始和拥有猫狗的史蒂夫 约会，因为一次遛狗时史 蒂夫跪着给自己的爱犬喂 水，作者渐渐对史蒂夫产 生好感，在之后的接触中， 史蒂夫和作者一起照顾狗 狗们，一年后史蒂夫向作 者求婚。
完形填空
You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs. For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___41___ was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with ___42___ . When I first dated Steve, I ___43___ he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was ___44___ that he was an animal lover, I ___45___ that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack ___46___ , the cat. The next week we ___47___ our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our ___48___ , Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚)? I liked him too, but so ___49___ ? He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. _____50_____ , I began to fall for him.
高考英语说明文解题策略——运用语篇知识解读文本
教学篇•方法展示高考英语说明文解题策略———运用语篇知识解读文本文|冯青韵《普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版，2020年修订）》（以下简称《课标》）提出把握不同语篇的特定结构、文体特征和表达方式，有助于学生加深对语篇意义的理解。
2022年全国统一考试新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解中有三篇说明文，其他高考卷中说明文在阅读理解四篇文章中均占比较高。
说明文篇幅一般较长，生词和长句较多，知识性和逻辑性强，对学生的语篇分析能力要求高，本文将针对说明文的文体特征、高考命题特点进行分析，以2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试四套全国卷和2021年新高考Ⅰ卷为例探究基于语篇知识解读的说明文解题策略。
一、文体特征说明文以说明为主要方式，它通过对客观事物的性质、种类、成因、特征、结构、功能、结果或发展过程进行说明，使读者对事物获得客观和准确的科学认识。
高考英语说明文包括科技创新、文化、家庭、运动、健康、工作、环境、艺术、劳动等，一般以社会现象和科普类文章居多，主题较为新颖。
文章主题鲜明，脉络明显，语言客观简洁，作者立场不明显。
文章一般分为三部分：背景介绍、主体、结论。
说明方法一般有：解释、下定义、分类、比较、举例、列数据、引用等。
总结了说明文常见的语篇结构模式：问题—解决式、解释—说明式、现象—本质式、原因—结果式、一般—具体式等。
《课标》对必修课程、选择性必修课程和选修课程（提高类）的语篇类型提出了内容要求，其中，说明文包括：地点、事物、产品介绍等（必修）；现象说明、事理阐释等（选择性必修）；机构介绍、科技成果介绍、操作指南、使用手册等（选修提高类）。
二、命题特点《中国高考评价体系说明》指出关键能力是高考考查的重点内容。
其中对于语言类学科而言，语言解码能力和阅读理解能力是知识获取能力中的考查重点。
《课标》中提出英语学科核心素养中思维品质的目标：能辨析语言和文化中的具体现象，梳理、概括信息，建构新概念，分析、判断信息的逻辑关系，正确评判各种思想观点，创造性地表达自己的观点，具备多元思维的意识和创新思维的能力。
高考英语 读后续写之高效解读文本
my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half
款适合你
05
高分原则
夯基·必备基础知识
高分原则 1. 内容丰富充实，与所给短文风格一致，体现正能量。 2. 两段内容衔接自然，逻辑合理。 3. 用细节刻画人物角色，体现细节。 4. 有效使用过渡连接词，结构稿紧定凑PP。T 5. 词汇丰富高级，语法句式丰稿富定灵PPT活，海。量素材持续更 6. 词数充分150词左右，标点恰新款，适当上合，千你款拼模写板选准择确总有。一 7. 卷面整洁，书写优美。
、名词性从句、it形式主语或形稿定式PP宾T，语海量句素型材持、续更强调句型、无灵主语、倒装句以
及比喻、拟人等修辞手法。
新，上千款模板选择总有一 款适合你
04
避免易错点
夯基·必备基础知识
避免易错点
1. 忽视文体的一致性 如果文章是对话性较强的,我们在续写时要注意对话的使用,反之,如果文章以 讲述为主,我们就要进行讲述,切忌前后文体不一。 2. 忽视每段首句的导向性 稿定PPT 有的文章是夹叙夹议类的,作者稿会定P在PT，最海后量素一材段持续对更事情进行评论。如果第二段的 首句是评论性语言,我们要顺着新款这，适上合个千你方款模向板写选择下总有去一。
稿定PPT，海量素材持续更
2.注意段首句和续写部分的衔接新，，上千构款思模板续选写择总第有一一 段和第二段的衔接，思考续
款适合你
写如何结尾，与前文做好首位呼应，体现故事的主题。
高考英语读后续写深度解读
高考英语读后续写深度解读阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
The spot of red was what first caught Randy Heiss’s attention. He was hiking the remote expanse of land behind his ranch (大牧场) in Patagonia, Arizona, a town near the U.S.-Mexico border, and covered the grass was a balloon—or at least the remains of one. Heiss walked toward it with his dog, Feliz, thinking he should pick up the latex (乳胶) pieces and throw them away.That’s when he noticed the balloon’s string was attached to a piece of paper.“Dayami,” it read on one side, in a child’s writing. A hand-drawn bow accompanied the word.Heiss turned the paper over quickly. It was a numbered list, all in Spanish. “My Spanish isn’t very good, but I could see it was a Christmas list,” he said.Heiss was charmed. He thought that a child had tried to send Santa Claus a Christmas wish list by balloon, something he used to do himself when he was a kid. Nobody had ever returned the letters Heiss had sent into the air, but he wondered whether he couldn’t find the child who had sent this one.It would be difficult, but Heiss knew about 20 miles to the southwest, just across the border, was the city of Nogales, Mexico, with a population of about a quarter million. “Based on the prevailing wind (盛行风), I was pretty sure that’s where it came from,” he said.Heiss brought the note home to his wife, who is fluent in Spanish and helped him translate the list. They determined that Dayami, probably a girl, had asked for a doll, a dollhouse, clothes, and art supplies among other things.Heiss then posted about his request on the Internet, attaching photos, hoping some of his friends in Nogales might know the girl’s family.A few days passed with no leads; Heiss worried that time was running out before Christmas. Therefore, he decided to send a private message to Radio XENY, an AM radio station based in Nogales if they could help.续写要求：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2. 至少使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
05 北京卷(作文真题解读)- 2024年高考英语作文真题深度解读及五年优秀范文汇编(1)
2024年高考英语作文真题深度解读及五年优秀范文汇编名目应用文写作........................................................................................................ 错误!未定义书签。
【真题速递】 (1)【文本解读】 (1)【题目特点】 (1)【内容要求】 (2)【写作思路】 (2)【满分范文】 (3)【AI 多角度写作范文】 (4)【真题速递】假设你是红星中学高三同学李华。
你的外国好友Jim预备给其校报的Asia Today栏目投稿。
得知今年是新中国成立75周年,他打算重点介绍中国的进展成就,发来邮件询问你的建议。
请你用英文给他回复,内容包括:1.建议投稿内容;2.就以上建议简要说明理由。
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________【文本解读】本次高考英语北京卷的书面表达题目要求考生以红星中学高三同学李华的身份，给外国好友Jim供应关于向校报Asia Today栏目投稿的建议。
具体背景是，得知今年新中国成立75周年，Jim打算重点介绍中国的进展成就，并向李华询问相关建议。
新高考英语读后续写深度解读
新高考英语读后续写深度解读阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Since the age of three, Chelsie Hill had dreamed of becoming a dancer. “The only thing that I loved was dance,” she told the press. That ambition nearly ended one night in 2010. Hill, then a 17-year-old high schoolsenior in Pacific Grove, California, was in a car accident that put her in the hospital for 51 days and left her paralyzed (使瘫痪) from the waist down. Most people would be frustrated and quit any hope of a dancingcareer. But for Hill, it was just the beginning.Far from being an obstacle, her wheelchair encouraged her. “I wanted to prove to my community—and to myself—that I was still ‘normal’,” she said. “Whatever normal meant.” Normal for her meant dancing, soHill did it in her wheelchair right alongside her non-disabled high school dance team. “Half of my body wastaken away from me, and I have to move it with my hands,” Hill said. “It definitely took a lot of learning and patience.”After graduation, Hill wanted to expand her dance network to include women like her. She met peopleonline who had suffered various spinal cord (脊髓) injuries and shared her determination, then invited them todance with her. “It was such an amazing experience.” Hoping to reach more people in a larger city, Hillmoved to Los Angeles in 2014 and formed a team of dancers with disabilities she calls the Rollettes. “I wantto break down the stereotype (偏见) of wheelchair users and show that dance is dance, whether you’rewalking or you’re rolling,” she said.Dancing on wheels, the Rollettes discovered, can be just as fast-paced, artful, and fulfilling as the foot-based variety. It’s so powerful to have teammates in their life and helps them to draw out their potential capacities. In disabled dance competitions around the country, the six-member team is having fun, and as the audiences’ excited reactions indicate, the fun can influence others easily, which is really amazing.续写要求：1. 所续写短文词数应为150左右；2. 至少使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
高考英语应用文类阅读专题研究及备考启示
高考英语应用文类阅读分析及备考启示根据此前省教育考试院发布的《广东省高考综合改革政策解读50问》，自2021年起，6月份全国统一考试科目为语文、数学、英语，不分文理科，均由教育部考试院中心统一命题。
2024广东高考将继续采用新高考I卷，由教育部教育考试院统一命题（新高考I、II卷都是由教育部依据同一份考试大纲命制的，两份试卷的试题结构基本相同，区别不大）。
故本次分析主要聚焦2021——2023年近三年的新高考I、II卷试题，同时结合全国甲、乙卷进行辅助验证说明。
一、应用文类阅读概述应用文一般分为两类：一类是叙述性应用文，例如书信、日记等，常见于写作；另一类是说明性应用文，包括各种广告、产品说明、旅游指南、报刊、公共通告等。
高考试卷中的应用文阅读材料多为说明性应用文，属信息类文本，主要出现在阅读理解A篇。
具体有以下特点：1.篇幅不长，语言简练。
就其用词来看，文章里有大量生僻的专有名词，如地名、人名、机构名、组织名、书名、作品名等；2.行文通常以排列式为主——即以标题+小标题形式展开。
3.文章目的性强且明确，信息传递直接。
考查考生通过快速阅读识别和理解具体信息的能力，体现了基础性和应用性的考查要求；4.语篇主题语境皆为人与社会。
文章呈现多样性，以文字、图表、表格、地址、网址等形式呈现。
选材来自于真实的生活。
话题丰富，涵盖面广。
从表2不难看出语篇功能以介绍为主，热衷话题包括旅游、餐饮、交通、杰出人物等，突出了对国际视野的核心价值引领。
二、考点分布和考查题型设题以细节理解题为主。
其中自2022年开始，出现了少量推理判断题。
考查重点为理解文中具体信息。
具体信息有时可以直接从文章中获取，有时则需要进行归纳、概括或推断后才能得到。
阅读理解A 篇多为直接信息题，例如：23.（2023年新课标I 卷）Where does the guided city tour start?A. The Gooyer, Windmill.B. The Skinny Bridge.C. Heineken Brewery.D. Dam Square.根据关键词guided city tour 迅速定位到文章最后一段Guided City Tours 部分，从“The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. (旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始)”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。
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Read for language
Read for language
Replace with the words in the texts 1. a living thing that can move around, such as an animal creature construct 2. built a nest and fix anchor it in a tree placed in a carrier for security. 3.It had been put safety absent 4. The parents were not here. 5.The parents had reacted to the recordings. responded 6.the result outcome of the event 7.His efforts were fruitless. in vain
• Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. Of Studies Francis Bacon 一些书可以浅尝辄止；一些书可以狼吞虎 咽；而有些书则需要细嚼慢咽，好好消 化。
浅层 俯
视
平 中层 视
文本的价值与文化 专家的出题角度与选材立意
仰 深层 视
故事情节 明线 (event/ fact) 暗线 (feeling/ opinion)
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信息类型 直接信息题 信息转化题 信息综合题
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出题角度 细节理解题 词意猜测题
√ 主旨大义题
推理判断题
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1.What is unavoidable in the author’s rescue work according to paragraph 1? A. Efforts made in vain. B. Getting injured in his work. C. Feeling uncertain about his future. ? D. Creatures forced out of their homes. Tip 1: 同义转换是专家设置正确答案的常用技巧。 Tip 2: 半对半错是专家设置干扰选线的常用技巧。
Video 2
• • • • To be a careful reader To be a cross-cultural reader To be a critical reader To be a multi-task reader
Homework
• 记叙文阅读两篇:《小三》P16, P23 • Thank you！
高考记叙文文本深度解读------以阅读为来自体的高三复习模式探索YOU
1.text 2.author 3.test designer 4. yourself
GAP
记叙文六要素 who, when, what, where, why, how 作者的观点，态度，价值观 作者的写作写法与立意 人物的情绪与态度
Read for culture
Q9.Do you think people in developed countries have a general awareness of taking care of the wildlife? And why? Q10.What would most Chinese(children) do if they came across such a situation?
• Read for…. • It’s your turn.
Possible questions
1.find out the appearance, occupation, age and physical condition about Eudora Welty? 2.What kind of person is the woman? 3. What kind of person is Eudora Welty? 3.What on earth my New York friends were thinking? 4.What’s the writing purpose of the author? 5. How do you understand “the turn of event”? 6….
故事 明线 (event/ fact) 暗线 (feeling/ opinion)
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信息类型 直接信息题 信息转化题
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出题角度 细节理解题 主旨大义题 推理判断题
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信息综合题
√ 词意猜测题
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4.How would the author feel about the outcome of the event? A. It’s unexpected. B. It’s beautiful. C. It’s humorous. D. It’s discouraging. Tip 4:作者的情绪态度通常与主旨有关，主旨通常 在文首或文尾。
故事 明线 (event/ fact) 暗线 (feeling/ opinion)
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信息类型 直接信息题
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√ 信息转化题 √ 信息综合题 词意猜测题
推理判断题
√ 主旨大义题
细节理解题
出题角度
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2.Why was the author called to Muttontown? A.To rescue a woman. B. To take care of a woman. C. To look at a baby owl. D. To cure a young owl. Tip 3: 四选一变二选一之后，怎么办？ 比较两者不同，看侧重点。
故事 明线 (event/ fact) 暗线 (feeling/ opinion)
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信息类型 直接信息题 信息转化题 信息综合题
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出题角度 细节理解题 主旨大义题 词意猜测题 推理判断题
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3.What made the chick calm down? A.A new nest. B. Some food. C.A recording. D. Its parents.
Tip 5: 人物的性格情绪态度通常体现在形容词。
Read for knowledge
• Bailey Arboretum贝利植物园 Locust Valley , New York, America Q5.Why the author loves animals so much and devotes himself/ herself to wildlife protection? Let’s guess. Q6. What if we change the baby owl into owl or adult owl, or a dog? Would they do the same? Q7. How do you understand “but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all!” Q8:How do you understand “displaced” in Para1?