Reading Assignment 12

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Reading assignment

Reading assignment

Charlie Plumb was a US Navy jet pilot in Vietnam. He flew 74 consecutive successful combat missions. However on his 75th mission, his F4 Phantom fighter was destroyed by a surface-to-air missile and he was forced to eject. The only thing between him and imminent death was his parachute that he prayed would open. The parachute did open and Charlie made it down to the ground alive, but he was captured and spent 6 years as a prisoner of war in a Vietnamese prison camp.One day, many years after returning to his homeland, Charlie and his wife were sitting in a little restaurant in Kansas City when he noticed two tables over was this guy who kept looking at him.Charlie looked back but didn't recognize him, but he kept catching this guy staring at him. Finally the guy stood up and walked over to Charlie's table and said, "You're Captain Plumb." Charlie looked up at him and said, "Yes, I am Captain Plumb. "The guy said," You're that guy. You flew jet fighters in Vietnam. You're a fighter pilot, part of that 'Top Gun' outfit. You launched from the aircraft carrier Kitty Hawk, you parachuted into enemy territory and you spent six years as a prisoner of war."Somewhat dumbfounded, Charlie looked up at the guy and asked, "How in the world did you know all that?" The man chuckled and said, "Because I packed your parachute."Charlie was speechless. The man grabbed Charlie's hand and pumped his arm and said, "I guess it worked," and walked off.Charlie laid awake that night, thinking about all the times he had walked through the long narrow room, below sea level on the aircraft carrier, with the tables where the men packed the parachutes. He wondered how many times he must have walked past this man without even saying "hi," "good morning" or "good job" or "I appreciate what you do.""How many times did I pass the man whose job would eventually save my life...because I was a jet jockey, a top gun racing around the sky at twice the speed of sound, because I was a fighter pilot and he was just a sailor?" he asked himself.Think about this for yourself. How many times in life do you pass the people who help you out the most? The people who come out of the far corners of your life just when you need them the most and pack your parachutes for you? The people who go the extra mile, the people who don't look for the kudos or the accolades or the achievement medal or even the bonus check -- the folks who are just out there packing parachutes?。

Reading Assignment Part II

Reading Assignment Part II

Reading Assignments for Part IIRA 1 HamletFrom Act I, Scene ii(Soliloquy “Frailty, thy name is woman! ”)O that this too too solid flesh would melt,Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew!Or that the Everlasting had not fix’dHis canon ’gainst self-slaughter! O God! O God!How weary, stale, flat, and unprofitableSeem to me all the uses of this world!Fie on’t! O fie! ’tis an unweeded garden,That grows to seed; things rank and gross in nature Possess it merely. That it should come to this!But two months dead!—nay, not so much, not two:So excellent a king; that was, to this,Hyperion to a satyr; so loving to my mother,That he might not beteem the winds of heavenVisit her face too roughly. Heaven and earth!Must I remember? Why, she would hang on himAs if increase of appetite had grownBy what it fed on: and yet, within a month,—Let me not think on’t,—Frailty, thy name is woman!—A little month; or ere those shoes were oldWith which she followed my poor father’s bodyLike Niobe, all tears;—why she, even she,—O God! a beast that wants discourse of reason,Would have mourn’d longer,—married with mine uncle, My father’s brother; but no more like my fatherThan I to Hercules: within a month;Ere yet the salt of most unrighteous tearsHad left the flushing in her galled eyes,She married:— O, most wicked speed, to postWith such dexterity to incestuous sheets!It is not, nor it cannot come to good;But break my heart,—for I must hold my tongue.RA2 HamletFrom Act III, Scene i(Soliloquy “To be, or not to be”)To be or not to be, that is the question:Whether ‘tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them? To die: to sleep;No more; and by a sleep to say we endThe heart-ache and the thousand natural shocksThat flesh is heir to, ‘tis a consummationDevoutly to be wish’d. To die, to sleep;To sleep: perchance to dream: ay, there’s the rub;For in that sleep of death what dreams may comeWhen we have shuffled off this mortal coil,Must give us pause: there’s the respectThat makes calamity of so long life;For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,The oppressor’s wrong, the proud man’s contumely,The pangs of despised love, the law’s delay,The insolence of office and the spurnsThat patient merit of the unworthy takes,When he himself might his quietus makeWith a bare bodkin? who would fardels bear,To grunt and sweat under a weary life,But that the dread of something after death,The undiscover’d country from whose bourn(e)No traveller returns, puzzles the willAnd makes us rather bear those ills we haveThan fly to others that we know not of?Thus conscience does make cowards of us all;And thus the native hue of resolutionIs sicklied o’er with the pale cast of thought,And enterprises of great pith and momentWith this regard their currents turn awry,And lose the name of action.Translation生存还是毁灭,这是一个值得考虑的问题;默然忍受暴虐的命运矢石交攻,还是拿起武器勇对无涯的苦难,通过抗争把它们根除,这两种行为,哪一种更高贵?死了;睡着了;什么都完了;要是在这一种睡眠之中,我们心头的创痛,以及其他无数血肉之躯所不能避免的打击,都可以从此消失,那正是我们求之不得的结局。

《剑12》阅读深度解析

《剑12》阅读深度解析

《剑12》阅读深度解析苹果8和三星S8都还未上市,效率堪忧的腐国人民却传来喜讯,剑桥雅思12上市了,最近官方更新的频率也是喜人,各位烤鸭君又有新的题目可以练手,为了让考生更高效的使用这本新书,新航道迅速出击,从下面3个方向帮助大家找准趋势,理清细节。

1. 题型的分布比例,就是下半年的大趋势,考试时是省心还是费时就来围观这个;2. 文章的题材配比,新老题材都有什么,到底重点背哪一类单词才能雪中送炭;3. 句型句式,长难句到底什么样。

题型比例从图中大家可以清晰的看出:填空题的比例依然是碾压式的存在,占据了全部题型35%,较剑桥11的29%,有了一定比例的上升;其次是位居第二的判断题,占据了全部题型23%,较剑桥11的28%,比例竟然有所下降。

大家最担心的headings, bad news,由剑11的小尾巴,上升至剑12的第三名,竟然占据了17%这么大的比例,而且最可怕的是,每篇的出题量都在7道题目左右,这种趋势,警示大家,headings它,回来了!除去前三名,有了明显下降的包括summary选项式和matching 人名式,都是仅有一部分的存在比较小众。

双选题和句子完成选项式,均有涉猎,练习的时候可以参照剑桥8,10等,得到充足有强度的训练。

文章的题材这次的剑桥12,出现了很多我们机经早就存在的类似的篇章,比如the lost city,the benefits of being bilingual等,还有剑桥系列出过的类似场景比如:tortoises,the history of glass,music and emotions等。

作为场景并没有什么之前没有见过的领域,所以这本书的词汇相对来说还是比较中规中矩,四平八稳,没有特色。

详细场景见下图:最后,在大家担心的句型句式上,长难句依然维持着靠着后置定语和状语从句的解释说明上,让句子维持一个三行左右的长度,剑桥12的段落长度一般较短,还有好多分栏的篇章,信息的呈现比较直接,最大的段落出现在第二套题的第三篇文章的C段,达到了18行的长度,幸运的是这篇并没有headings,后边配的题目都是填空判断和段落匹配。

研究生英语阅读Unit12课后答案

研究生英语阅读Unit12课后答案

Unit 12Film and DramaLearning ObjectivesAt the end of the unit, students will be able to:1.Have a general knowledge about film and drama;2.know about the well-known figures in films such as Charlie Chaplin, Tomhanks, etc:3.talk about their favorite film genre;4.master the words and expressions concerning film and drama.Part I Warm-up ActivitiesA Directions: Below are three famous film stars and their works of art. Match the film stars and their films.1.Charlie Chaplin2. Vivien Leigh3. Tom HanksA.Forrest GumpB. Modern TimesC. Gone with the WindB Directions: The following are the posters of three famous plays. Read theintroductions and fill in the missing information with the words given in the chart.A B CFrench American British a dventure fantasy musical1. The Harry Potter film series is a British-American film series based on the Harry Potter novels by the British author J. K. Rowling. The series is distributed by Warner Bros. and consists of eight fantasy films beginning with Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone(2001) and culminating with Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 (2011). It is the highest-grossing film series of all-time in inflation unadjusted dollars, with $7.7 billion in worldwide receipts. Each film is in the list of fifty highest-grossing films of all-time in inflation unadjusted dollars and is a critical success.2. The Phantom of the Opera is a musical by Andrew Lloyd Webber, based on the French novel Le Fantôme de l'Opéra by Gaston Leroux. It is considered by many to be the most successful musical of all time and is also the longest running show in Broadway history.3. Ice Age is a 2002 American computer-animated comedy-drama adventure film created by Blue Sky Studios and released by 20th Century Fox. It was directed by Carlos Saldanha and Chris Wedge from a story by Michael J. Wilson. The film was nominated at the 75th Academy Awards for best animated feature. The film was met with mostly positive reviews and was a box office success, starting a series with three sequels, Ice Age: The Meltdown, Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs, and Ice Age: Continental Drift.Useful Words and Expressionsmotion picture 电影trailer 预告片visual effect 视觉效果film studio 电影制片厂dubbing 配音subtitles 字幕Broadway 百老汇props 道具medium 媒体protagonist 主角costumes 戏装antagonist 反面主角score 配乐tragic hero 悲剧英雄a reel of film 一卷胶片chorus 合唱团film adaptation 电影改编(a play) in three acts and five scenes 三幕五场(剧)scenario 剧本climax 戏剧高潮soundtrack 电影原声音乐musical 音乐剧box office 票房playwright 剧作家premier 电影首映式stuntman 特技演员blockbuster 商业大片stand-in 替身talent scout 星探sorcerer 巫师Part II Listening1. BFM International Film FestivalDirections:L isten to a dialogue between Yvonne and William and then answer the following questions.1) What does the BFM Festival stand for?I t’s the Black Film Makers’ International Film Festival.2) What is the meaning of “stereotype” according to William?It means a very strong, fixed idea about how people will behave.3) What is the purpose of the BFM Festival?It is to showcase the stories of groups and communities which otherwise would go unnoticed.4) How long is the shortest film ever made?One second.Tapescript:Yvonne: Hello, I’m Yvonne Archer - and thanks to William Kremer for joining me today.William: Hello – it's a pleasure!Yvonne: For fifty-two years, the Times BFI - British Film Institute’s London Film Festival has shown the best new films from around the world. And for thefirst time, the BFM International Film Festival has also been based at the BFI.William, do you know about the BFM Festival?William: Umm – I know that it's the Black Film Makers’ International Film Festival. Yvonne: That's right and to celebrate its tenth anniversary, the emphasis of the 2008 BFM has been on films made by Black people - who are based here inBritain. Well, I was lucky enough to get an invitation to the BFM ShortsAwards - but before we find out which short film won the award and aboutthe idea behind this festival –I've a question for you. Yes, are you readyWilliam?William: Yes.Yvonne: How long is the shortest film that was ever made? Was ita) one secondb) one minute ORc) five minutesWilliam: I’m gonna go for a) – one second because even though that sounds too short, sounds very silly, I think the silly answers are usually correct. That's mytactic so I'm gonna go for one second.Yvonne: And we’ll find out whether William was right or wrong later on. Now in today’s interview we’ll come across the word ‘stereotyped’. William, whatdoes it mean?William: Well if someone is ‘stereotyped’, other people who don't know them have a very strong, fixed idea about how they will behave. They’re ‘stereotyped’perhaps because of the country they come from, or (from) the colour of theirskin or their religion, for example.Yvonne: And what are ‘platforms for expression’?William: ‘Platforms for expression’ in this case, refers to ways and places that artistic people can use to share their work and messages. So for example, a cinemascreen or a novel are ‘platforms for expression’.Yvonne: Great! Now as we hear from Nadia Denton, the Director of the BFM International Film Festival, try to catch the verb she uses to mean ‘highlight’or ‘to draw attention to’. I asked Nadia: why is there a separate section forBlack film makers within the London Film Festival each year?NADIA DENTONBecause it’s important for us to showcase the stories of groups andcommunities which otherwise would go unnoticed, which don't get thecorrect representation in the mainstream, who perhaps are stereotyped, whoperhaps don't have many other platforms for expression.Yvonne: William, which verb did Nadia use to mean ‘to highlight’or ‘to draw attention to’?William: ‘To showcase’– Nadia explained that it's important ‘to showcase’ the stories of communities and groups which we don't usually see or hear.Yvonne: So the BFM Festival is a chance for people who are often stereotyped and not considered or noticed by mainstream cinema to have their work seen.Now at the BFM Shorts Awards, we saw five new films and voted for thebest one. And the winner was “Win, Lose or Draw”directed by LawrenceCoke. It was a wonderful blend of story-telling and interviews withCaribbean people who’d arrived in Britain from the 1950s, like my ownfather. And after the awards, Lawrence explained just how important makingthe film had been to him...LAWRENCE COKEThe whole thing was a very cathartic experience on one level because, Ialways say that the young people of today don't understand that they'restanding on the shoulders of giants.Yvonne: Making “Win, Lose or Draw” was very cathartic for Lawrence – it allowed him to express some really deep emotions. But it was cathartic for many ofus in the audience too – and educational.William: And hopefully lots of young people will see the film because Lawrence sees it as a way to help them understand that they and their parents are animportant part of Britain's history.Yvonne: Yes – and Lawrence describes our grandparents and parents as 'giants'. Their lives were really difficult but they still tried to help England and make thingseasy for us and their families back in the Caribbean.LAWRENCE COKEThey were children themselves and they came over to help the mothercountry because they felt it was the right thing to do –leaving childrenbehind, wives, and… I just…I'm in awe of that.William: Yes, they were an awesome- amazing group of young people.Yvonne: They certainly were. My father travelled to England – at the time, known by Caribbean people as 'the mother country' – and he came here at the age oftwenty-one. And like many others from the Caribbean, my father simplywanted to work hard and earn money. He wanted his parents to have whatthey needed and he especially wanted his younger brothers and sisters to goto school.William: So education was really important to them.Yvonne: Definitely because most of them left school and started work when they were fourteen years old. But now, it's time for you to educate us, William! William: Surely not!Yvonne: Yes! What was your answer to today's question: how long is the shortest film that was ever made?William: I went for the silly one which was one second.Yvonne: And you were correct to be silly because you were absolutely right!2. "The Back-Up Plan"A Directions:In this section you will hear a news report about the 2010 film TheBack-Up Plan. Listen and answer the following questions.1)What does a “back-up plan” mean for Zoe?It means to become a single mother with the help of modern science.2)Why did Jennifer Lopez say that “We used a lot of the stuff from real life”?Because she gave birth to twins a couple of years ago.3) According to the director Alan Poul, what was his challenge in making this movie? His challenge was to balance the expectations audiences have for this film genre.B Directions: Listen to the report again and decide whether the following descriptions are true for Zoe or Stan. Write Z for Zoe, S for Stan and N for Neither if the description describes neither of them.1) Z running a pet store 2) Z having an extended family3) S a dairy farmer 4) N scared by the coming parenthood5) N giving birth to twins 6) Z having insatiable hunger7) S strong and muscular 8) N a single parentTapescript:New Yorker Zoe is successful in business running her thriving pet store. She also has good friends and a loving extended family; but she has not had the best of luck in the romance department and, with her biological clock ticking away, she has decided the "right guy" may never show up. So "The Back-Up Plan" is to become a single mother with the help of modern science. Naturally, the very day she undergoes the in-vitro fertilization procedure, she meets the "right guy."His name is Stan and he, too, is a successful entrepreneur: a farmer who makes cheese that he sells at farmer's markets around New York. At about the same time she realizes she is pregnant with twins, Zoe also figures out that she's falling in love with Stan. Will he be scared away by the impending parenthood if she tells him? How long can she keep it a secret, anyway?Jennifer Lopez gave birth to twins a couple of years ago and drew on her own experiences to play Zoe."So many of the things in this movie were art imitating life for me," she said. "Because I had just gone through the pregnancy it was really fresh in my mind. We used a lot of the stuff from real life."That insight into the funnier side of pregnancy includes the sudden and insatiable hunger that, in the film, strikes Zoe when she spies a pot of stew bubbling on the stove in Stan's kitchen. With no utensils in sight, she resorts to scooping it up (and scarfing it down) directly from the pot with hunks of bread."You feel so hungry, it's crazy; and you feel so sleepy in a way that you never have before," Lopez said. "Because I had just gone through it, I knew how that was going to ring true for so many women."The pregnancy humor may be drawn from real life, but the romantic storyline is pure Hollywood. For instance, Stan is shirtless and ripples with muscles as he tends the goats on his dairy farm. As the love interest, Alex O'Loughlin joins a growing legion of hunky stars from Australia making it big on American screens."Look, I don't know mate … maybe it's something in the water back home; but I did get kind of fit for the film because every cheese farmer is ripped and buff … and I wanted to be true to character because I'm [a] 'method' [actor]," he said."The Back-Up Plan" marks the feature film directing debut of Alan Poul, an award -winning television producer and director on shows including "Six Feet Under," "Rome" and "Big Love." Poul says his challenge was to balance the expectations audiences have for this film genre."Because it is a romantic comedy and you know how it is going to end up, so on a certain level the story has to be predictable because you know they are going to end up together," he said. "So it is within that general framework of a romantic comedy that is going to end happily, we create the little moments that catch people by surprise."3. Drive-in Theaters in USAand answer the following questions.1) When did the first drive-in theater open in USA?On June 6, 1933.2) Why did the teenagers like drive-in theaters at that time?They adored the romantic privacy of a dark automobile3) What kept people home despite the attraction of drive-in theaters?The advent of color television and video rentals.Directions: Listen to the passage again and try to summarize the whole report in no more than 5 sentences.The first drive-in movie theater was opened On June 6, 1933 I new York. By 1950, there were 4,000 of these “movies under the stars” across the country. people could bring your cranky baby along without disrupting anyone and teenagers adored the romantic privacy of a dark automobile. The spread of daylight saving time cut into drive-in attendance. The advent of color television and video rentals kept people home as well. It brings people a nostalgic feeling.TapescriptNext Monday would mark a nostalgic anniversary. On June 6, 1933, the world’s first drive-in movie theater opened in Camden, New Jersey.By 1950, there were 4,000 of these “movies under the stars” across the country. Only a couple hundred survive.At the drive-in - or what some of us called “the drive-in picture show” to distinguish it from drive-in restaurants - instead of wedging yourself into a theater seat next to talkative strangers, crying babies and large people blocking your view, you watched a movie on a huge screen from the comfort of your car, side by side with dozens of other autos in a sprawling parking lot.You could bring your cranky baby along without disrupting anyone. Teenagers adored the romantic privacy of a dark automobile, to the point that some media referred to drive-ins as “passion pits.”The movies themselves mostly ranged from family fare to second-rate monster science-fiction, and action thrillers. The sound that squawked out of the little speaker that you attached to your car window was tinny at best.But the concession stand at the “Starlite” or “Hi-Way” or “Sunset” Drive-In did offer a full and fattening menu of fried food, popcorn and sodas. A lot of people smuggled in stronger drinks as well, and it wasn’t unheard of to sneak in a person or two in the trunk, to avoid paying for more tickets.The spread of daylight saving time cut into drive-in attendance, since dusk came late on balmy summer nights and the movie couldn’t start until 9 p.m. or later. The advent of color television and video rentals kept people home as well.When some drive-in owners sought to boost revenue by showing risquémovies, neighbors, parents and police drove them out of business. Other owners sold out to housing and shopping-center developers.Many U.S. cities have tried to recapture the nostalgic feeling of outdoor movies by showing films in parks and pedestrian malls. But patrons sit on blankets, not in their ’54 Chevys.And no one’s writing tunes like the Beach Boys’ "Drive-In" song, which goes, in part: Every time I have a date there's only one place to goThat's to the drive-inIt's such a groovy place to talk and maybe watch a show4. Award-Winning Film Explores Meaning of LifeA Directions: You will hear a report about an award-winning movie. While listeningto it for the first time, write down some key words in the notes column.B Directions: Listen to the report again and decide whether the following statementsare true or false.1) The filmmaker of The Tree of Life, the award-winning film at Cannes, is a formerprofessor of history. ( F ) 2) The father in the movie was proud and oppressive since he has not succeeded in theworld. ( T )3) Jack, the boy in the family, admires his father and loves him. ( F )4) The mother in the film, played by Jessica Chastain, embodies many virtues likegrace, kindness, and altruism. ( T ) 5) In searching the meaning of life, this movie is like all the other movies TerrenceMalick made before. ( F ) Tapescript:The Tree of Life is about the quest to find balance between one's spiritual self and human nature.Filmmaker Terrence Malick, a former professor of philosophy, presents this innate struggle through characters in a suburban American household of the 1950s. The father is proud and oppressive. He struggles inwardly because he has not succeeded in the world. Because of his feelings of inadequacy, he tries to mold his sons to his ideal.Jack is still a boy, but he carries the world on his shoulders. He admires his father but also resents him.For Terrence Malick, the struggle between father and son reflects both the cruelty and beauty of nature. In a twenty minute sequence, the director offers shots of the universe at work, an awesome struggle among natural forces.But there is also grace, kindness and altruism. The mother in the story, played by Jessica Chastain, embodies them.The boy grows up to be a successful, but also conflicted man played by Sean Penn. He struggles as he deals with the loss of his younger brother and the loss of innocence.Brad Pitt's performance is a tour de force. At the Cannes Film Festival, he spoke of the film's spiritual message."And then there is the bigger questions of the impermanence of life that I think we all go through," said Pitt. "I grew up being told that God's going to take care of everything and it doesn't always work out that way, and when it doesn't work out that way then we're told it's God's will. "Religion aside, the film is a treatise on the meaning of life. Its extraordinary visuals, minimal dialogue and meditative music have a subliminal impact on the viewer and allow the audience to search and come to its own conclusion.Some critics have spoken against the film's drawn-out sequences on the evolution of the universe. But Tree of Life won the Palme D'Or at Cannes for good reason. It offers daring cinematography and an excellent cast. And although it carries Terrence Malick's signature, it's unlike anything we've seen before.Part III WatchingDirection: The extract is taken from the 1997 movie Titanic. Watch the video clip and answer the questions.1) Why did Mr. Andrews refuse to make a try to leave the sinking Titanic?Because he felt sorry for he didn’t build a stronger ship.2) Why did Mr. Guggenheim refuse to take the life jacket?Because he was determined to go down as gentlemen clothed in full dress.3) What can you say about the orchestra who played music while others passengers struggled for their lives?The orchestra members played music, intending to calm the passengers, for as long as they possibly could until all went down with the ship. They should be memorized for their heroism.Videoscript—Wait, wait, wait. Mr. Andrews...—Rose.—Won't you even make a try for it?—I’m sorry that l didn't build you a stronger ship, young Rose.—Lt’s going fast. We have to move.—Wait. Good luck to you, Rose.—And to you.—Mr. Guggenheim...These are for you, Mr. Guggenheim.—No, thank you. We are dressed in our best and are prepared to go down as gentlemen. But we would like a brandy.—Capitan. Capitan, where should l go? Please...—(Crewman) Captain!—Captain... Sir.(Orchestra still playing)—Right... That's it, then.—Goodbye, Wally. Good luck.—So long, old chap.(Starts playing “Nearer My God to Thee”)—And so they lived happily together for 300 years in the land of Tir Na Nog. Land of eternal youth and beauty.—There's no t ime! Cut those falls! Cut ’em! Cut ’em if you have to!—I need a knife! I need a knife!—Cut her loose!—Cut those bloody falls!—Gentlemen, it has been a privilege playing with you tonight.Part IV Oral PracticePair workDirections: What kind of movie would you expect to watch in your spare time? What do you want to get from watching such a movie? Work with your partner to talk about your favorite type of movie and offer some examples to illustrate your point. You may follow the dialogue given below or you may just make your own dialogue.Film GenresAction adventure comedy crime historical documentary horror thriller musical sci-fiWar western romance disaster sportsA: Did you watch Saw last night? It was just awesome! I couldn’t help walking into the cinema when I first saw its poster.B: You mean you like that trash? I hate thrillers. They make my hair stand on end all the time. I like romantic movies, especially those with beautiful girls and handsome boys.A: Romances are just silly. I can’t stand those stock love stories…Enrichment readingHollywoodIf a single place-name encapsulates theLA dream of glamour, money andovernight success, it's Hollywood.Millions of tourists arrive on pilgrimages;millions more flock here in pursuit ofriches and glory. Hollywood is a weirdcombination of insatiable optimism andtotal despair. It really does blur the edgesof fact and fiction, simply because somuch seems possible - and yet so little, for most people, actually is. Those who do strike it rich here get out as soon as they can, just as they always have; the big film companies, too, long ago relocated well away, leaving Hollywood in isolation, with prostitution, drug dealing and seedy bookstores as the reality behind the fantasy.The myths, magic, fable and fantasy splattered throughout the few short blocks of Central Hollywood would put a medieval fairytale to shame. A rich sense of nostalgia pervades the area, giving it an appeal no measure of tourists or souvenir postcard stands can diminish. Although you're much more likely to find a porno theater than spot a real star, the decline which blighted Hollywood from the early 1960s is fast receding. Nevertheless the place still gets hairy after dark, withadolescents cruising Hollywood Boulevard in customized cars and occasional petty criminals on the prowl for the odd pocketbook.The natural place to begin exploring Hollywood Boulevard is the junction of Hollywood and Vine - the classic location for budding stars to be “spotted” by big-shot directors and whisked off to fame and fortune. At 6608 Hollywood Blvd., the purple and pink Frederick's of Hollywood has been (under-) clothing Hollywood's sex goddesses since 1947, as well as mortal bodies all over the world via mail order. Inside, the lingerie museum (free) displays some of the company's best corsets, bras and panties, donated by happy big-name wearers ranging from Lana Turner to Cher.A little further on, the Egyptian Theater at No. 6708 was financed by impresario Sid Grauman, in a modest attempt to re-create the Temple of Thebes. The very first Hollywood premiere (Robin Hood) took place here in 1922. Now owned by the city, Grauman's Thebes is currently closed for renovations as part of a three-year plan to restore the fake mummies and hieroglyphics of this temple of cinema to their former glory and remake the theater into a center for film study. No Hollywood visitor will want to miss the mundane yet magical foot and hand prints in the concrete concourse of the 1927 Chinese Theatre at 6925 Hollywood Blvd. Actress Norma Talmadge (supposedly by accident) trod in wet cement while visiting the construction site, and the practice has continued ever since, starting with Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks Sr., at the opening of King of Kings, and recently involving stars such as Al Pacino. Through the halcyon decades, this was the spot for movie first-nights. As for the building, it's an odd western version of a classical Chinese temple, replete with dodgy Chinese motifs and upturned dragon tail flanks.The Roosevelt Hotel opposite was movieland's first luxury hotel, its Cinegrill restaurant hosting the likes of W. C. Fields and F. Scott Fitzgerald, not to mention hangers-on like Ronald Reagan. In 1929 the first Oscars were presented here, beginning the long tradition of Hollywood rewarding itself in the absence of honors from elsewhere.。

Reading_assignment

Reading_assignment

Passage Pre-reading exercises1. Scanning/ SkimmingFind the informationDirections:Read the text and find the information as quickly as possible.The extracted passage expounds the six approaches that psychologists usually adopt to understand people’s aggressive behavior. Please scan the passage and quickly find out the six approaches.1)2)3)4)5)6)AggressionA. Aggressive behavior is a widespread problem in our society, and psychologistsfrom many different perspectives have looked into the causes of aggression.B. We have all seen or read about people who consistently engagein aggressive behavior. Adults arrested for assault typically have a history of aggressive behavior that goes back to playground fights in childhood. Why are some people consistently more aggressive than others?C. The classic psychoanalytic explanation of aggression points to anunconscious death instinct. That is, we are all said to possess an unconscious desire to self-destruct. However, because people with a healthy personality do not hurt themselves, these self-destructive impulses may be unconsciously turned outward and expressed against others in the form of aggression. Other psychoanalysts argue that aggression results when we are blocked from reachingour goals. A person who experiences a great deal of frustration, perhaps someone who is constantly falling short of a desired goal, is a likely candidate for persistent aggressive behavior. In most cases, the person is unaware of the real reasons for the aggression.D. Personality theorists who follow the trait approach focus on individual differencesand the stability of aggressive behavior. For example, one team of researchers measured aggressiveness in 8-year-old children (Huesmann, Eron, & Yarmel, 1987). The investigators interviewed the participants again when the participants were 30 years old. The researchers discovered that the children identified as aggressive in elementary school were likely to have become aggressive adults.The children who pushed and shoved their classmates often grew into adults who abused their spouses and engaged in violent criminal behavior.E. Personality psychologists from the biological perspective are also interestedin stable patterns of aggressive behavior. They point to a genetic predisposition to act aggressively as one reason for this stability. Evidence now suggests that some people inherit more of a proclivity toward aggression than others (Miles & Carey, 1997). That is, some people may be born with aggressive dispositions that, depending on their upbringing, result in their becoming aggressive adults.Other psychologists explain aggression in terms of evolutionary theory (Cairns, 1986). For example, the fact that men tend to be more aggressive than women might be explained by the man's inherited need to exercise control over rivals to survive and pass along his genes.F. Psychologists with a humanistic approach to personality explain aggressivebehavior in yet another way. These theorists deny that some people are born to be aggressive. In fact, many argue that people are basically good. They believe all individuals can become happy, nonviolent adults if allowed to grow and develop in an enriching and encouraging environment. Problems develop whensomething interferes with this natural growth process. Aggressive children often come from homes in which basic needs are frustrated. If the child develops a poor self-image, he or she may strike out at others in frustration.G. The behavioral/social learning approach contrasts in many ways with thehumanistic view. According to these psychologists, people learn to be aggressive the same way they learn other behaviors. Playground bullies find that aggressive behavior is rewarded. They get to bat first and have first choice of playground equipment because other children fear them. The key to the behavioral interpretation is that rewarded behavior will be repeated. Thus the playground bully probably will continue this aggressive behavior and try it in other situations.If the aggression is continually met with rewards instead of punishment, the result will be an aggressive adult. People also learn from watching models. Children may learn from watching aggressive classmates that hurting others is sometimes useful. Many people are concerned that the aggressive role models children routinely watch on television may be responsible for increasing the amount of violence in society.H. Cognitive psychologists approach the question of aggressive behavior from yetanother perspective. Their man focus is on the way aggressive people process information. To better understand this concept, imagine that you are walking alone through a park. Two teenage boys walking about 30 feet behind you suddenly quicken their pace and draw closer to you. What is your reaction?Perhaps the boys are in a hurry to get somewhere; perhaps they are simply more energetic and walk faster than you do. Maybe they are interested in catching up to you to ask you for the time or directions. Or maybe they want to harm you. This situation, like many we encounter, contains a fair degree of ambiguity, and people react to it differently.I. Cognitive personality psychologists argue that how you respond to this situationdepends on how you interpret it (Anderson & Bushman, 2002). Whether you seethe circumstances as threatening, annoying, or benign will cause you to run away, prepare to fight, or move out of the way. The cognitive approach proposes that some people are more likely than others to interpret ambiguous situations as threatening. These people are also more likely to respond by acting aggressively.The cognitive approach can help us understand why some adolescent boys act more aggressively than others. Researchers find that aggressive elementary school boys frequently interpret innocent actions by others as personally threatening. An accidental bump in the hallway might be misinterpreted as an attempt to start a fight. It's not difficult to see why a boy who believes others are constantly threatening and challenging him would often respond aggressively.J. Now let's return to the original question: Why do some people show a consistent pattern of aggressive behavior? Each of the six approaches to personality offers a different explanation. Which is correct? One possibility is that the six explanations do not contradict one another but rather differ only in their focus. That is, it's possible that aggressiveness is relatively stable and reflects an aggressive trait (the trait approach). But it might also be the case that some people tend to interpret ambiguous events as threatening (the cognitive explanation) because of past experiences in which they were assaulted (the behavioral/social learning explanation). These people may have been born with a tendency to respond to threats in an aggressive manner (the biological approach). But perhaps if they had been raised in a non-frustrating (the psychoanalytic approach) or in a supportive home in which their basic needs were met (the humanistic approach), they would have overcome their aggressive tendencies. The point is that each approach appears to contribute something to our understanding of aggression.1. Comprehension checkDo the following statements agree with the information given in the passage?WriteTRUE if the statement agrees with the views of the writerFALSE if the statement does not agree with the views of the writerNOT GIVEN if there is no information about this in the passage1) From the psychoanalytic perspective, a person’s aggression is much relatedto the experiences and the psychological development in his growing process.2) Some people might be born with an aggressive tendency, but do not end upbeing an aggressive adult due to the positive environment where he grows up.3) The basic philosophy that the humanistic approach upholds contradicts withthat proposed by those psychologists believing in theory of heredity.4) Most researchers believe in the social learning explanation of aggressivebehavior as they blame TV violence for teenager crime.5) Cognitive psychologists maintain that aggression is a kind of learned behavior.6) Primary school boys who are aggressive are found to often misinterpretinnocent actions as provocative.7) Cognitive personality psychologists argue that aggressive behavior might beunderstood as a person’s response to what he regards as a threatening situation.8) There is no correct answer among the six approaches to solve the mystery ofaggressive behavior.2. SummaryDirections: Fill in each of the following blanks with no more than three words. Aggressive behavior can be understood from different _______________. The psychoanalytic explanation traces the reasons for a person’s aggression to his deeply rooted intention of _______________ or the frequent _______________ he experiences on his way to realizing an intended goal. The _______________ theory points to a certain degree of correlation between childhood and adulthood aggression. From the biological perspective, scientists believe _______________ factors play arole in a person’s aggressive tendency. Psychologists, however, are opposed to this biological explanation and propose that _______________ plays a more decisive role in shaping a child’s healthy character development.The behavioral approach experts argue that aggression is a _______________ behavior as children are increasingly watching more violence on TV. Cognitive psychologists argue that aggression occurs when a person interprets that he is in ______________ circumstances. Each approach above appears to contribute something to our understanding of aggression.。

英语泛读教程3第三册课文翻译UNIT12

英语泛读教程3第三册课文翻译UNIT12

UNIT12你为何如此聪明?卡伦·赖特科学家们正在试图寻找可能管理着智力的“聪明”基因。

但是智力基因能被用来测定遗传的智商吗?与生俱来的基因在多大程度上与智商有关系?下面的文章将告诉我们在这个问题上的最新研究。

这是经济和社会成功最为重要的预测者之一。

它帮助决定你在哪儿工作,在哪儿生活,和谁结婚,是否会离婚,是否会未婚生子,是否会有牢狱之灾。

它可以被非常精确地测算,一生中很少变化。

它受你的基因的重大影响。

真是如此吗?当讨论说的是人类智能时,你不必太费力就能够找到论据。

自从英国心理学家查尔斯·斯皮尔曼提出一种单个的综合智力管理着认知行为的许多方面的主张,一个世纪以来,科学家们和社会已对智力进行了长期而不断的争论:它是什么,作用是什么,谁拥有它,如何改进它,如何测算它,以及如何最好地解释和利用测算方式。

最近,由1994年出版的书《钟形曲线》所引发的争议,再次引起了人们对先天禀性和后天培育这个问题的争论:智力是可训练的还是遗传不变的?人类的思想是天生的还是创造出来的?经过几十年的研究,绝大多数智力科学家的结论是,两者兼而有之,分量大致均等。

因此,某处某人会开始寻找“聪明”基因,也许是不可避免的,。

那个“某人”就是罗伯特·普洛明,一个从事智力研究已有25年之久的有经验的专家,他目前在伦敦的精神病学学院工作。

去年,普洛明公开了一个基因与高智商相联系的第一个证据。

今年,他又宣布发现了三个聪明基因的位置。

在此后的几个月里,他期望发现至少两打最为重要的智力遗传决定因素。

他的工作已经引起了和认知器管打交道的DNA医生的想象――以及不安。

"我知道,没有别的人会发疯,以至来做这件事情,”他说。

普洛明的探索,是行为遗传学领域中最为大胆的探索之一。

行为遗传学是一门致力于发现影响人类行为的遗传因素的学科。

其中一项研究是通过比较双胞胎儿一起喂养和分开喂养的情况,来发现影响人类行为的遗传因素。

写作业的事情有哪些英语

写作业的事情有哪些英语

写作业的事情有哪些英语在英语中,关于"写作业"的表达方式有很多,以下是一些常用的词汇和短语:1. Homework - 这是最常用的词汇,指的是学校布置的家庭作业。

- Example: "I have a lot of homework to do tonight."2. Assignment - 这个词汇通常用于指代一个具体的任务或作业。

- Example: "Please complete the assignment by next Monday."3. Task - 这个词可以用来描述任何需要完成的工作或任务,包括作业。

- Example: "I have several tasks to finish before the weekend."4. Project - 当作业是一个较大的、需要长时间完成的工作时,可以用这个词。

- Example: "I'm working on a science project for school."5. Essay - 特指一篇短文或论文,通常是学术性的作业。

- Example: "I need to write an essay on the causes of World War II."6. Paper - 类似于essay,但通常用于更正式或学术性的写作。

- Example: "I have to submit a research paper next week."7. Test - 虽然这个词通常指考试,但有时也用来指需要完成的测试题。

- Example: "I have a math test to study for."8. Reading - 指需要阅读的材料,有时也是作业的一部分。

学习计划日程安排英文

学习计划日程安排英文

学习计划日程安排英文A study plan and schedule are essential tools for success in any academic pursuit. By carefully designing a plan that includes goals, priorities, and time management, students can maximize their learning potential and achieve their academic ambitions. This article will outline a comprehensive study plan and schedule using effective strategies and techniques to help students achieve their academic goals.Setting Goals:The first step in creating a study plan and schedule is to establish clear, achievable goals. These goals can include specific academic achievements, such as getting a certain grade in a particular class, or more general goals, such as improving study habits or time management skills. It is important to set both short-term and long-term goals to provide a roadmap for academic success. Short-term goals can be achieved within a few weeks or a semester, while long-term goals may take a year or more to accomplish.Prioritizing Tasks:After setting goals, the next step is to prioritize tasks that will help achieve those goals. This can include identifying which classes and assignments are most important, as well as determining which study techniques are most effective. By prioritizing tasks, students can focus their time and energy on the most critical areas of their academic pursuits.Time Management:Effective time management is crucial in creating a successful study plan and schedule. Students should consider their existing commitments, such as work, extracurricular activities, and personal obligations, and allocate time for studying accordingly. It is helpful to create a weekly schedule that includes dedicated study time for each class and specific blocks of time for completing assignments and studying for exams. By managing time effectively, students can ensure that they have enough time to complete their academic responsibilities without feeling overwhelmed.Study Techniques:In addition to managing time, utilizing effective study techniques is essential for academic success. This can include methods such as active reading, note-taking, and mnemonic devices, as well as utilizing technology to help with studying, such as flashcards and online resources. By employing these techniques, students can optimize their learning potential and retain information more effectively.Creating a Study Plan and Schedule:With goals, priorities, time management, and study techniques in mind, it is time to create a study plan and schedule. This can be done using a variety of tools, such as a planner, calendar, or scheduling app. When creating a study plan and schedule, it is essential to bespecific and realistic. This means including specific tasks, such as reading chapters, completing assignments, and studying for exams, and allocating realistic amounts of time for each task. It is also crucial to allow for breaks and relaxation time to avoid burnout.Revising and Adjusting:Once a study plan and schedule are in place, it is important to regularly review and adjust them as needed. This can include adding new tasks, changing priorities, and modifying the schedule to accommodate unexpected events. By continually revising and adjusting the study plan and schedule, students can ensure that they remain on track to achieve their academic goals.Sample Study Plan and Schedule:Below is a sample study plan and schedule for a college student taking a full course load. This example includes specific tasks, time allocations, and breaks to provide a balanced and achievable plan.Monday8:00-9:00 AM: Breakfast and Morning Routine9:00-10:30 AM: Read and Take Notes for History Class10:30-11:00 AM: Break11:00 AM-12:30 PM: Complete Math Homework12:30-1:30 PM: Lunch1:30-3:00 PM: Study for Psychology Exam3:00-3:30 PM: Break3:30-5:00 PM: Complete English Reading Assignment5:00-7:00 PM: Dinner and Free Time7:00-9:00 PM: Study for Science Exam9:00-10:00 PM: Relax and Wind DownTuesday8:00-9:00 AM: Breakfast and Morning Routine9:00-10:30 AM: Study for Math Exam10:30-11:00 AM: Break11:00 AM-12:30 PM: Complete History Reading Assignment 12:30-1:30 PM: Lunch1:30-3:00 PM: Read and Take Notes for Psychology Class 3:00-3:30 PM: Break3:30-5:00 PM: Study for English Exam5:00-7:00 PM: Dinner and Free Time7:00-9:00 PM: Complete Science Homework9:00-10:00 PM: Relax and Wind DownWednesday8:00-9:00 AM: Breakfast and Morning Routine9:00-10:30 AM: Complete Psychology Reading Assignment 10:30-11:00 AM: Break11:00 AM-12:30 PM: Study for History Exam12:30-1:30 PM: Lunch1:30-3:00 PM: Complete Math Homework3:00-3:30 PM: Break3:30-5:00 PM: Study for English Exam5:00-7:00 PM: Dinner and Free Time7:00-9:00 PM: Study for Science Exam9:00-10:00 PM: Relax and Wind DownThursday8:00-9:00 AM: Breakfast and Morning Routine9:00-10:30 AM: Study for Psychology Exam10:30-11:00 AM: Break11:00 AM-12:30 PM: Complete History Reading Assignment 12:30-1:30 PM: Lunch1:30-3:00 PM: Read and Take Notes for Science Class 3:00-3:30 PM: Break3:30-5:00 PM: Complete Math Homework5:00-7:00 PM: Dinner and Free Time7:00-9:00 PM: Study for English Exam9:00-10:00 PM: Relax and Wind DownFriday8:00-9:00 AM: Breakfast and Morning Routine9:00-10:30 AM: Complete Psychology Homework10:30-11:00 AM: Break11:00 AM-12:30 PM: Study for History Exam12:30-1:30 PM: Lunch1:30-3:00 PM: Complete Science Reading Assignment 3:00-3:30 PM: Break3:30-5:00 PM: Study for Math Exam5:00-7:00 PM: Dinner and Free Time7:00-9:00 PM: Study for English Exam9:00-10:00 PM: Relax and Wind DownSaturday9:00-10:30 AM: Complete Science Homework10:30-11:00 AM: Break11:00 AM-12:30 PM: Study for History Exam12:30-1:30 PM: Lunch1:30-3:00 PM: Read and Take Notes for Psychology Class 3:00-3:30 PM: Break3:30-5:00 PM: Study for Math Exam5:00-7:00 PM: Dinner and Free Time7:00-9:00 PM: Study for English Exam9:00-10:00 PM: Relax and Wind DownSunday9:00-10:30 AM: Complete Science Reading Assignment10:30-11:00 AM: Break11:00 AM-12:30 PM: Study for History Exam12:30-1:30 PM: Lunch1:30-3:00 PM: Read and Take Notes for Psychology Class3:00-3:30 PM: Break3:30-5:00 PM: Study for Math Exam5:00-7:00 PM: Dinner and Free Time7:00-9:00 PM: Study for English Exam9:00-10:00 PM: Relax and Wind DownConclusion:In conclusion, a study plan and schedule are crucial tools for achieving academic success. By setting clear goals, prioritizing tasks, managing time effectively, and employing effective study techniques, students can maximize their learning potential and achieve their academic ambitions. A comprehensive study plan and schedule, supported by realistic and achievable goals, is essential in creating a roadmap for academic success. By utilizing the strategies and techniques outlined in this article, students can create a study plan and schedule that supports their learning and helps them achieve their academic goals.。

星期五我会写作业英语

星期五我会写作业英语

On Friday,I will be working on my homework in English.Heres a detailed breakdown of what I plan to do:1.Reading Assignment:I will start by reading the assigned English literature.This will help me understand the context and the themes of the text,which is essential for completing any related assignments.2.Vocabulary Review:After reading,I will review the new vocabulary words introduced in the text.Understanding the meaning and usage of these words is crucial for answering comprehension questions and using them correctly in written assignments.3.Grammar Practice:English grammar is a fundamental part of any language assignment.I will practice the grammar rules that were taught in class this week,focusing on any areas where I might be struggling.4.Essay Writing:If there is an essay assignment,I will brainstorm ideas,create an outline,and then start writing.The essay will be structured with an introduction,body paragraphs,and a conclusion.I will make sure to use proper grammar,punctuation,and incorporate the new vocabulary words Ive learned.prehension Questions:I will answer any comprehension questions related to the reading assignment.This will test my understanding of the text and my ability to analyze and interpret the material.6.Peer Review:If possible,I will exchange essays or written assignments with a classmate for peer review.This can help identify areas for improvement and provide feedback on writing style and content.7.Revision and Editing:After receiving feedback,I will revise and edit my work to improve clarity,coherence,and correctness.This step is crucial for producing highquality written assignments.8.Proofreading:The final step will be to proofread my work for any spelling,grammar, or punctuation errors that may have been missed during the editing process.9.Submission:Once I am satisfied with my work,I will submit it according to the guidelines provided by my teacher,whether its through an online portal or in person.By following these steps,I aim to complete my English homework thoroughly and effectively on Friday.。

看孩子写作业英语

看孩子写作业英语

看孩子写作业英语Certainly! Here's a content generation for the title "Helping Children with Their English Homework":Helping Children with Their English Homework1. Understanding the AssignmentBegin by asking your child to explain what the assignment is about. This helps to ensure that you both have a clear understanding of the task at hand.2. Reading the InstructionsCarefully read through the assignment instructions with your child. Highlight or underline key points to keep them in focus.3. Setting a ScheduleEstablish a regular homework routine. Consistency is key to developing good study habits.4. Creating a Conducive EnvironmentDesignate a quiet, well-lit space for your child to do their homework. Minimize distractions by turning off the TV and limiting phone usage.5. Using Visual AidsUtilize flashcards, diagrams, and illustrations to help your child understand new vocabulary and grammar concepts.6. Encouraging DialogueEngage your child in conversations about the topics they are learning. This can help reinforce their understanding and improve their speaking skills.7. Practicing Reading and WritingRegular reading and writing exercises are essential for improving English skills. Encourage your child to read books and write short paragraphs or essays.8. Using Online ResourcesTake advantage of educational websites and apps that offer interactive English lessons and exercises.9. Breaking Down Complex TasksIf the assignment is complex, break it down into smaller, manageable parts. Tackle one section at a time.10. Reviewing and RevisingAfter completing the assignment, review it together. Discuss any mistakes and how to correct them.11. Encouraging IndependenceWhile it's important to assist, also encourage your child to think independently and solve problems on their own.12. Celebrating ProgressAcknowledge and celebrate your child's efforts andprogress, no matter how small. Positive reinforcement can motivate them to continue learning.13. Seeking Additional HelpIf your child is struggling with certain concepts, consider seeking additional help from a tutor or a teacher.14. Staying UpdatedKeep yourself updated on the latest teaching methods and resources for English language learning.15. Maintaining Patience and PositivityRemember that learning a language is a journey. Be patient and maintain a positive attitude throughout the process.This content is designed to guide parents and caregivers in helping children with their English homework effectively and efficiently.。

2021年12月份大学英语四级精品班长篇阅读

2021年12月份大学英语四级精品班长篇阅读

长篇阅读部分四级考试中的长篇阅读部分占71分。

这部分必须进行针对性练习,才可拿到不错的分数。

Directions:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraphis marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet2.2020年12月四级长篇阅读第一套The Place Where the Poor Once ThrivedA)This is the land of opportunity.If that weren’t already implied by the landscape—rolling green hills,palm trees, sun-kissed flowers—then it’s evident in the many stories of people who grew up poor in these sleepy neighborhoods and rose to enormous success.People like Tri Tran,who fled Vietnam on a boat in1986,showed up in San Jose with nothing, made it to MIT,and then founded the food-delivery start-up Munchery,which is valued at$300million.B)Indeed,data suggests that this s one of the best places to grow up poor in America.A child born in the early1980s into a low-income family in San Jose had a12.9percent chance of becoming a high earner as an adult,according to a landmark study released in2014by the economist Raj Chetty and his colleagues from Harvard and Berkeley.That number—12.9 percent—may not seem remarkable,but it was:Kids in San Jose whose families fell in the bottom quintile(五分位数)of income nationally had the best shot in the country at reaching the top quintile.C)By contrast,just4.4percent of poor kids in Charlotte moved up to the top;in Detroit the figure was5.5percent.San Jose had social mobility comparable to Denmark’s and Canada’s and higher than other progressive cities such as Boston and Minneapolis.D)The reasons kids in San Jose performed so well might seem obvious.Some of the world’s most innovative companies are located here,providing opportunities such as the one seized by a12-year-old Mountain View resident named Steve Jobs when he called William Hewlett to ask for spare parts and subsequently received a summer job.This is a city of immigrants—38percent of the city’s population today is foreign-born—and immigrants and their children have historically experienced significant upward mobility in America.The city has long had a large foreign-born population(26.5percent in 1990),leading to broader diversity,which,the Harvard and Berkeley economists say,is a good predictor of mobility.E)Indeed,the streets of San Jose seem,in some ways,to embody the best of America.It’s possible to drive in a matte of minutes from sleek(光滑的)office towers near the airport where people pitch ideas to investors,to single-family homes with orange trees in their yards,or to a Vietnamese mall.The libraries here offer programs in17languages,and there are areas filled with small businesses owned by Vietnamese immigrants,Mexican immigrants,Korean immigrants,and Filipino immigrants,to name a few.F)But researchers aren’t sure exactly why poor kids in San Jose did so well.The city has a low prevalence of children growing up in single-parent families,and a low level of concentrated poverty,both factors that usually mean a city allows for good intergenerational mobility.But San Jose also performs poorly on some of the measures correlated with good mobility.It is one of the most unequal places out of the741that the researchers measured,and it has high degrees of racial and economic segregation(隔离).Its schools underperform based on how much money there is in the area,said Ben Scuderi,a predoctoral fellow at the Equality of Opportunity Project at Harvard,which uses big data to study how to improve economic opportunities for low-income children.“There’s a lot going on here which we don’t totally understand,”he said.“It’s interesting,because it kind of defies our expectations.”G)The Chetty data shows that neighborhoods and places mattered for children born in the San Jose area of the1980s. Whether the city still allows for upward mobility of poor kids today,though,is up for debate.Some of the indicators such as income inequality,measured by the Equality of Opportunity Project for the yea2000,have only worsened in the past16 years.H)Some San Jose residents say that as inequality has grown in recent years,upward mobility has become much more difficult to achieve.As Silicon Valley has become home to more successful companies,the flood of people to the area has caused housing prices to skyrocket.By most measures,San Jose is no longer a place where low-income,or even middle-income families,can afford to live.Rents in San Jose grew42.6percent between2006and2014,which was the largest increase in the country during that time period.The city has a growing homelessness problem,which it tried to address by shutting down“The Jungle,”one of the largest homeless encampments(临时住地)in the nation,in2014.Inequality is extreme:The Human Development Index—a measure of life expectancy,education and per capita(人均的)income—gives East San Jose a score of4.85out of10,while nearby Cupertino,where Apple’s headquarters sits,receives a9.26.San Jose used to have a happy mix of factors—cheap housing,closeness to a rapidly developing industry,tightly-knit immigrant communities—that together opened up the possibility of prosperity for even its poorest residents.But in recent years, housing prices have skyrocketed,the region’s rich and poor have segregated,and middle-class jobs have disappeared.Given this,the future for the region’s poor doesn’t look nearly as bright as it once did.I)Leaders in San Jose are determined to make sure that the city regains its status as a place where even poor kids can access the resources to succeed.With Silicon Valley in its backyard,it certainly has the chance to do so.“I think there is a broad consciousness in the Valley that we can do better than to leave thousands of our neighbors behind through a period of extraordinary success,”San Jose Mayo Sam Liccardo said.J)But in today’s America—a land of rising inequality,increasing segregation,and stagnating(不增长的)middle-class wages—can the San Jose region really once again become a place of opportunity?K)The idea that those at the bottom can rise to the top is central to America’s ideas about itself.That such mobility has become more difficult in San Jose raises questions about the endurance of that foundational belief.After all,if the one-time land of opportunity can’t be fixed,what does that say for the rest of America?36.According to some people living in San Jose,it has become much harder for the poor to get ahead due to the increased inequality.37.In American history,immigrants used to have a good chance to move upward in society.38.If the problems of San Jose can’t be solved,one of America’s fundamental beliefs about itself can be shaken.39.San Jose was among the best cities in America for poor kids to move up the social ladder.40.Whether poor kids in San Jose today still have the chance to move upward is questionable.41.San Jose’s officials are resolved to give poor kids access to the resources necessary for success in life.42.San Jose appears to manifest some of the best features of America.43.As far as social mobility is concerned,San Jose beat many other progressive cities in America.44.Due to some changes like increases in housing prices in San Jose,the prospects for its poor people have dimmed.45.Researchers do not have a clear idea why poor children in San Jose achieved such great success several decades ago.2019年12月四级长篇阅读第一套A South Korean city designed for the future takes on a life of its own[A]Getting around a city is one thing一and then there’s the matter of getting from one city to another.One vision of the perfect city of the foture is a place that offers easy access to air travel.In2011,a University of North Carolina business professor named Jolui Kasarda published a book called Aerotropolis:The Way We'll Live Next.Kasarda says foture cities should be built intentionally around or near airports.The idea,as he has put it,is to offer businesses"rapid,long-distance connectivity on a massive scale."[B]"The18th century really was a waterborne(水运的)century,the19th century a rail century,the20th century a highway,car,truck century—and the21st century will increasingly be an aviation century,as the globe becomes increasingly connected by air,"Kasarda says.Songdo,a city built from scratch in South Korea,is one of Kasarda’s prime examples.It has existed for just a few years."From the outset,it was designed on the basis of connectivity and competitiveness,”says Kasarda."The government built the bridge directly from the airport to the Songdo International Business District.And the surface infrastructure was built at the same time as the new airport.[C]Songdo is a stone's throw from South Korea5s Incheon Airport,its main international hub(枢纽).But it takes a lot more than a nearby airport to be a city of the foture.Just building a place as an"international business district"doesn't mean it will become one.Park Yeon Soo conceived(构想)this city of the foture back in1986.He considers Songdo his baby.Parksees himself as a visionary.Thirty years after he imagined the city,Park's baby is close to70percent built,with36,000 people living in the business district and90,000residents in greater Songdo.Ifs about an hour outside Seoul,built on fonner tidal flats along the Yellow Sea.There’s a Coast Guard building and a tall trade tower,as well as a park,golf course and university.[D]Chances are you've actually seen this place.Songdo appears in the most famous music video ever to come out of South Korea."Gangnam Stylerefers to the fashionable Gangiiam district in Seoul.But some of the video was filmed in Songdo."I don't know if you remember,there was a scene in a subway station.That was not Gangiiam.That was actually Songdo,"says Jung Won Son,a professor of urban development at London's Bartlett School of Planning."Part of the reason to shoot there is that it's new and nice.”[E]The city was supposed to be a hub fbr global companies,with employees from all over the world.But that’s not how it has turned out.Songdo's reputation is as a foturistic ghost town.But the reality is more complicated.A bridge with big,light-blue loops leads into the business district.In the center of the main road,there’s a long line of flags of the world. On the comer,there’s a Starbucks and a7-Eleven—all of the international brands that you see all over the world nowadays.[F]The city is not empty.There are mothers pushing baby carriages,old women with walkers—even in the middle of the day,when it's90degrees out.Byun Young-Jin chairs the Songdo real estate association and started selling property here when the first phase of the city opened in2005.He says demand has boomed in.the past couple of years.Most of his clients are Korean.In fact,the developer says,99percent of the homes here are sold to Koreans.Young families move here because the schools are great.And that5s the problem:Songdo has become a popular Korean city一more popular as a residential area than a business one.It's not yet the foturistic international business hub that planners imagined."It's a great place to live.And it's becoming a great place to work,"says Scott Summers,vice president of Gale International,the developer of the city.The floor-to-ceiling windows of his company's offices overlook Songdo Central Park,with a canal foil of small boats and people fishing.Shimering(闪烁的)glass towers line the canal's edge.[G]"What's happened is that our fbcus on creating that quality of life first has enabled the residents to live here,”Summers says.But there needs to be strong economic incentives fbr companies to locate here.The city is still unfinished,and it feels a bit like a theme park.It doesn't feel all that foturistic.There5s a high-tech underground trash disposal system.Buildings are environmentally friendly.Everybody's television set is connected to a system that streams personalized language or exercise classes.[H]But this is not Star Trek.And to some of the residents,Songdo feels hollow.'Tm,like,in prison fbr weekdays. That5s what we call it in the workplace/5says a woman in her20s.She doesn't want to use her name fbr fear of being fired from her job.She goes back to Seoul every weekend."I say I'm prison-breaking on Friday nights."But she has to make the prison break in her own car.There5s no high-speed train connecting Songdo to Seoul,just over20miles away.[I]Park Yeon Soo,the man who first imagined Songdo,feels frustrated,too.He says he built South Korea a luxury vehicle,Tike Mercedes or BMW.Ifs a good car now.But we're waiting fbr a good driver to accelerate.But there are lots of other good cars out there,too.The world is dotted with foturistic,high-tech cities trying to attract the biggest international companies.[J]Songdo’s backers contend that it's still early,and business space is filling up一about70percent of finished offices are now occupied.Brent Ryan,who teaches urban design at MIT,says Songdo proves a universal principle."There have been a lot of utopian(乌托邦的)cities in history.And the reason we don't know about a lot of them is that they have vanished entirely.In other words,when it comes to cities一or anything else一it is hard to predict the future.36.Songdo's popularity lies more in its quality of life than its business attraction.37.The man who conceived Songdo feels disappointed because it has fallen short of his expectations.38.A scene in a popular South Korean music video was shot in Songdo.39.Songdo still lacks the financial stimulus fbr businesses to set up shop there.40.Airplanes will increasingly become the chief means of transportation,according to a professor.41.Songdo has ended up different from the city it was supposed to be.42.Some of the people who work in Songdo complain about boredom in the workplace.43.A business professor says that a foture city should have easy access to international transportation.44.According to an urban design professor,it is difficult fbr city designers to foresee what will happen in the foture.45.Park Yeon Soo,who envisioned Songdo,feels a parental connection with the city.2019年12月四级长篇阅读第二套Is Breakfast Really the Most Important Meal of the Day?[A]Along with old classics like"carrots give you night visionand"Santa doesn't bring toys to misbehaving children”, one of the most well-wom plirases of tired parents everywhere is that breakfast is the most important meal of the day.Many of us grow up believing that skipping breakfast is a serious mistake,even if only two thirds of adults in the UK eat breakfast regularly,according to the British Dietetic Association,and around tliree-quarters of Americans.[B]"The body uses a lot of energy stores fbr growth and repair through the night,"explains diet specialist Sarah Elder. "Eating a balanced breakfast helps to up our energy,as well as make up fbr protein and calcium used tliroughout the night." But there5s widespread disagreement over whether breakfast should keep its top spot in the hierarchy(等级)of meals.There have been concerns around the sugar content of cereal and the food industry's involvement in pro-breakfast research—and even one claim from an academic that breakfast is"dangerous".[C]What’s the reality?Is breakfast a necessary start to the day or a marketing tactic by cereal companies?The most researched aspect of breakfast(and breakfast-skipping)has been its links to obesity.Scientists have different theories as to why there’s a relationship between the two.In one US study that analysed the health data of50,000people over seven years, researchers found that those who made breakfast the largest meal of the day were more likely to have a lower body mass index(BMI)than those who ate a large lunch or dinner.The researchers argued that breakfast helps reduce daily calorie intake and improve the quality of our diet—since breakfast foods are often higher in fibre and nutrients.[D]But as with any study of this kind,it was unclear if that was the cause—or if breakfast-skippers were just more likely to be overweight to begin with.To find out,researchers designed a study in which52obese women took part in a 12-week weight loss programme.All had the same number of calories over the day,but half had breakfast,while the other half did not.Wliat they found was that it wasn't breakfast itself that caused the participants to lose weight:it was changing their nonnal routine.[E]If breakfast alone isn't a guarantee of weight loss,why is there a link between obesity and breakfastskipping? Alexandra Joluistone,professor of appetite research at the University of Aberdeen,argues that it may simply be because breakfast-skippers have been found to be less knowledgeable about nutrition and health."There are a lot of studies on the relationship between breakfast eating and possible health outcomes,but this may be because those who eat breakfast choose to habitually have health-enliancing behaviours such as regular exercise and not smoking,she says.[F]A2016review of10studies looking into the relationship between breakfast and weight management concluded there is"limited evidence supporting or refuting(反驳)the argument that breakfast influences weight or food intake,and more evidence is required before breakfast recommendations can be used to help prevent obesity.[G]Researchers from the University of Surrey and University of Aberdeen are halfway tlirough research looking into the mechanisms behind how the time we eat influences body weight.Early findings suggest that a bigger breakfast is beneficial to weight control.Breakfast has been found to affect more than just weight.Skipping breakfast has been associated with a27%increased risk of heart disease,a21%higher risk of type2diabetes in men,and a20%higher risk of type2diabetes in women.One reason may be breakfast5s nutritional value—partly because cereal is fortified(增加营养价值)with vitamins.In one study on the breakfast habits of1,600young people in the UK,researchers found that the fibre and micronutrient intake was better in those who had breakfast regularly.There have been similar findings in Australia,Brazil, Canada and the US.[H]Breakfast is also associated with improved brain fonction,including concentration and language use.A review of 54studies found that eating breakfast can improve memory,though the effects on other brain fonctions were inconclusive. However,one of the review5s researchers,Mary Beth Spitznagel,says there is"reasonable"evidence breakfast does improve concentration一there just needs to be more research."Looking at studies that tested concentration,the number of studies showing a benefit was exactly the same as the number that found no benefit,she says."And no studies found that eating breakfast was bad fbr concentration.[I]What’s most important,some argue,is what we eat fbr breakfast.High-protein breakfasts have been found particularly effective in reducing the longing fbr food and consumption later in the day,according to research by the Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation.While cereal remains a firm favourite among breakfast consumers in the UK and US,a recent investigation into the sugar content of'adult'breakfast cereals found that some cereals contain more than tliree-quarters of the recommended daily amount of free sugars in each portion,and sugar was the second or third highest ingredient in cereals.[J]But some research suggests if we're going to eat sugary foods,ifs best to do it early.One study recruited200obese adults to take part in a16-week-long diet,where half added dessert to their breakfast,and half didn't.Those who added dessert lost an average of40pounds more一however,the study was unable to show the long-tenn effects.A review of54 studies found that there is no consensus yet on what type of breakfast is healthier,and conclude that the type of breakfast doesn't matter as much as simply eating something.[K]While there’s no conclusive evidence on exactly what we should be eating and when,the consensus is that we should listen to our own bodies and eat when we're hungry."Breakfast is most important fbr people who are hungry when they wake up,"Joluistone says."Each body starts the day differently—and those individual differences need to be researched more closely,Spitznagel says."A balanced breakfast is really helpfiil,but getting regular meals tliroughout the day is more important to leave blood sugar stable tlirough the day,which helps control weight and hunger levels,says Elder. "Breakfast isn't the only meal we should be getting right.”36.According to one professor,obesity is related to a lack of basic awareness of nutrition and health.37.Some scientists claim that people should consume the right kind of food at breakfast.38.Opinions differ as to whether breakfast is the most important meal of the day.39.It has been found that not eating breakfast is related to the incidence of certain diseases in some countries.40.Researchers found it was a change in eating habits rather than breakfast itself that induced weight loss.41.To keep oneself healthy,eating breakfast is more important than choosing what to eat.42.It is widely considered wrong not to eat breakfast.43.More research is needed to prove that breakfast is related to weight loss or food intake44.People who prioritise breakfasts tend to have lower calorie but higher nutritional intake45.Many studies reveal that eating breakfast helps people memorise and concentrate.2019年6月四级长篇阅读第一套How Work Will Change When Most of Us Live to100A)Today in the United States there are72,000centenarians(百岁老人).Worldwide,Probably450,000.If current trends continue,then by2050there will be more than a million in the US alone.According to the work of Professor James Vaupel and his co-researchers,50%of babies born in the US in2007have a life expectancy of104or more.Broadly the same holds for the UK,Germany,France,Italy and Canada,and for Japan50%of2007babies can expect to live to107.B)Understandably,there are concerns about what this means for public finances given the associated health and pension challenges.These challenges are real,and society urgently needs to address them.But it is also important to look at the wider picture of what happens when so many people live for100years.It is a mistake to simply equate longevity(长寿) with issues of old age.Longer lives have implications for all of life,not just the end of it.C)Our view is that if many people are living for longer,and are healthier for longer,then this will result in an inevitable redesign of work and life.When people live longer,they are not only older for longer,but also younger for longer.There is some truth in the saying that“70is the new60”or“40the new30.”If you age more slowly over a longer time period,then you are in some sense younger for longer.D)But the changes go further than that.Take,for instance,the age at which people make commitments such as buying a house,getting married,having children,or starting a career.These are all fundamental commitments that are now occurring later in life.In1962,50%of Americans were married by age21.By2014,that milestone(里程碑)had shifted to age29.E)While there are numerous factors behind these shifts,one factor is surely a growing realization for the young that they are going to live longer.Options are more valuable the longer they can be held.So if you believe you will live longer,then options become more valuable,and early commitment becomes less attractive.The result is that the commitments that previously characterized the beginning of adulthood are now being delayed,and new patterns of behavior and a new stage of life are emerging for those in their twenties.F)Longevity also pushes back the age of retirement,and not only for financial reasons.Yes,unless people are prepared to save a lot more,our calculations suggest that if you are now in your mid-40s,then you are likely to work until your early 70s;and if you are in your early20s,there is a real chance you will need to work until your late70s or possibly even into your80s.But even if people are able to economically support a retirement at65,over thirty years of potential inactivity is harmful to cognitive(认知的)and emotional vitality.Many people may simply not want to do it.G)And yet that does not mean that simply extending our careers is appealing.Just lengthening that second stage of full-time work may secure the financial assets needed for a100-year life,but such persistent work will inevitably exhaust precious intangible assets such as productive skills,vitality,happiness,and friendship.H)The same is true for education.It is impossible that a single shot of education,administered in childhood and early adulthood,will be able to support a sustained,60-year career.If you factor in the projected rates of technological change,either your skills will become unnecessary,or your industry outdated.That means that everyone will,at some point in their life,have to make a number of major reinvestments in their skills.I)It seems likely,then,that the traditional three-stage life will evolve into multiple stages containing two,three,or oven more different careers.Each of these stages could potentially be different.In one the focus could be on building financial success and personal achievement,in another on creating a better work/life balance,still another on exploring and understanding options more fully,or becoming an independent producer,yet another on making a sociaContribution.These stages will span sectors,take people to different cities,and provide Foundation for building a wide variety of skills.J)Transitions between stages could be marked with sabbaticals(休假)as people find timrest and recharge their health, re-invest in their relationships,or improve their skills.At times,these breaks and transitions will be self-determined,at others they will be forced as existing roles,firms,or industries cease to exist.K)A multi-stage life will have profound changes not just in how you manage your career,but also in your approach to life. An increasingly important skill will be your ability to deal with change and even welcome it.A three-stage life has few transitions,while a multi-stage life has many.That is why being self-aware,investing in broader networks of friends,and being open to new ideas will become even more crucial skills.L)These multi-stage lives will create extraordinary variety across groups of people simply because there are so many ways of sequencing the stages.More stages mean more possible sequences.M)With this variety will come the end of the close association of age and stage.I n a three-stage life,people leave university at the same time and the same age,they tend to start their careers and family at the same age,they proceed through middle management all roughly the same time,and then move into retirement within a few years of each other.In a multi-stage life,you could be an undergraduate at20,40,or60;a manager at30,50,or70;and become an independent producer at any age.N)Current life structures,career paths,educational choices,and social norms are out of tune with the emerging reality of longer lifespans.The three-stage life of full-time education,followed by continuous work,and then complete retirement may have worked for our parents or even grandparents,but it is not relevant today.We believe that to focus on longevity as primarily an issue of aging is to miss its full implications.Longevity is not necessarily about being older for longer.It is about living longer,being older later,and being younger longer.36.An extended lifespan in the future will allow people to have more careers than now.37.Just extending one’s career may have both positive and negative effects.38.Nowadays,many Americans have on average delayed their marriage by some eight years.39.Because of their longer lifespan,young people today no longer follow the pattern of life of their parents or grandparents.40.Many more people will be expected to live over100by the mid-21st century.41.A longer life will cause radical changes in people’s approach to life.42.Fast technological change makes it necessary for one to constantly upgrade their skills.43.Many people may not want to retire early because it would do harm to their mental and emotional well-being.44.The close link between age and stage may cease to exist in a multi-stage life.。

泛读Unit12

泛读Unit12

C. instruction
For each italicized word or expression, choose the best meaning below.
7. The onus is on government departments to tell why information cannot be disclosed.
1. They toiled all day digging the trench. A. a long winding street B√ . a long narrow channel C. a long water pipe
2. The castle rises in solitary splendor on the fringe of the desert.
目录
CONTENTS
01
02
03
04
Background Information
Pre-reading
Reading
Tasks
Comprehension
Exercise
01
Background Information
Pre-reading Tasks
02
For each italicized word or expression, choose the best meaning below.
Unit 12 Transportation
In this unit you will learn
1. Some knowledge about transportation. 2. Master the important reading method—drawing inference. 3. Some important words and expressions.

英语阅读12年第三篇

英语阅读12年第三篇

英语阅读12年第三篇As a student, the 12th year of English reading can be quite challenging. The texts are more complex, and the vocabulary is more advanced. It requires a deeper level of understanding and analysis. This can be overwhelming for some students, especially those who struggle with language arts. However, it is important to approach this challenge with a positive attitude and a willingness to learn. With the right mindset and study habits, it is possible to excel in English reading at this level.One of the main difficulties in 12th-year English reading is the comprehension of complex texts. These texts often contain sophisticated language and intricate themes that require a higher level of critical thinking. It can be easy to feel intimidated by the depth and complexity of the material. However, it is important to remember that with patience and perseverance, it is possible to grasp the meaning and significance of these texts. Developing strong comprehension skills is essential for success in Englishreading at this level.In addition to comprehension, 12th-year English reading also demands a strong vocabulary. The texts often contain words that are unfamiliar and require a deeper understanding of their meanings. Building a robust vocabulary is crucial for fully understanding and engaging with the material. It is important to actively seek out new words, learn their definitions, and incorporate them into everyday language. This will not only enhance comprehension but also improve overall communication skills.Another challenge in 12th-year English reading is the need for critical analysis. The texts often present complex ideas and themes that require a deeper level of interpretation. It is important to approach the material with a critical eye and an open mind. This means being willing to question, analyze, and evaluate the content. Developing strong critical thinking skills is essential for engaging with the material at a higher level.Furthermore, 12th-year English reading also requires astrong grasp of literary devices and techniques. The texts often employ various literary elements such as symbolism, imagery, and figurative language. Understanding how these devices contribute to the overall meaning of the text is essential for a comprehensive understanding. It is important to pay close attention to the use of these devices and their impact on the reader's interpretation of the material.Overall, 12th-year English reading presents a variety of challenges that require a proactive and positive approach. It is important to develop strong comprehension, vocabulary, critical thinking, and literary analysis skills to excel at this level. With dedication and persistence, it is possible to overcome these challenges and fully engage with the material. Embracing the complexity of the texts and approaching them with an open mind will ultimately lead to a deeper understanding and appreciation of English literature.。

研究生英语阅读教程Unit12

研究生英语阅读教程Unit12
13
2012-12-28
Artistic achievements



(1) 创造出一种被称为“抒情悲剧” (Tragedie lyrique)的法国歌剧形式。 (2) 在歌剧中采用了与意大利歌剧序曲相反的 “慢-快-慢”法国式序曲。 (3) 在歌剧中大量运用芭蕾,服装华丽。 (4)歌剧采用法语,以有伴奏的宣叙调代替意 大利式的干念宣叙调,使宣叙调具有歌唱性;歌 剧中大部分用宣叙调,很少用咏叹调。
11
2012-12-28
Point 1
Jean Baptiste Lully (1632-1687): French court and operatic composer who once controlled court music and whose style of writing was widely imitated throughout Europe. He was known to be shrewd and unscrupulous, a man of insatiable ambition; his rise from violinist in Louis XIV’s court band was meteoric and was accomplished by brazen and merciless intrigue.
2012-12-28
5
Chamber music

(1)室内乐(Chamber music),原意是指在房 间内演奏的“家庭式”的音乐,后引伸为在比较 小的场所演奏的音乐。现在指由一件或几件乐器 演奏的小型器乐曲,主要指重奏曲和小型器乐合 奏曲,区别于大型管弦乐。
2012-12-28

我在下午写作业了英语

我在下午写作业了英语

I spent the afternoon doing my homework in English.Heres a detailed account of what I did:1.Reading Assignment:I started with a reading assignment from our textbook.The passage was about the history of the English language and its evolution over time.I took notes on the key points and vocabulary.2.Grammar Practice:Next,I worked on a set of grammar exercises.The focus was on verb tenses,particularly the past perfect and past continuous tenses.I made sure to understand the rules and completed several practice sentences.3.Vocabulary Building:To expand my English vocabulary,I reviewed a list of new words that our teacher had introduced in class.I looked up their meanings,wrote down their synonyms and antonyms,and practiced using them in sentences.4.Writing Task:I then moved on to a writing task where I had to write a short essay on the topic of The Benefits of Learning a Second Language.I outlined my ideas,made sure to use a variety of sentence structures,and incorporated some of the new vocabulary I had learned.5.Listening Comprehension:After that,I listened to an English podcast about cultural differences between countries.I tried to pick up on the main points and any new expressions or phrases that I wasnt familiar with.6.Speaking Practice:To practice speaking,I recorded myself discussing the topic of the reading assignment.I aimed for clarity,fluency,and the correct use of tenses.7.Review and SelfAssessment:Finally,I reviewed all the work I had done,checked for any errors,and assessed my understanding of the material.I made a note of any areas I felt I needed to improve on or revisit.Throughout the afternoon,I made sure to take short breaks to avoid fatigue and maintain focus.By the end of the session,I felt confident in my progress and ready to tackle the next days lessons.。

九年级英语单词听读十二单元

九年级英语单词听读十二单元

九年级英语单词听读十二单元Here is the English essay on the topic "Listening and Reading of English Vocabulary in Grade 9, Unit 12", with a word count of over 1000 words.Learning English vocabulary is a crucial aspect of developing proficiency in the language. In grade 9, unit 12, the focus is on listening and reading skills for English vocabulary. This unit provides students with the opportunity to expand their lexical knowledge and improve their overall language comprehension.One of the primary objectives of this unit is to enhance students' listening skills. Listening to English words and phrases is an essential component of language acquisition, as it allows learners to become familiar with the pronunciation, stress patterns, and intonation of the language. Through carefully designed listening activities, students are exposed to a variety of vocabulary words, ranging from common everyday terms to more specialized academic vocabulary.These listening exercises often involve audio recordings or dialogues, where students are asked to identify the target words or phrases. By actively listening and recognizing the spoken form of the vocabulary,students build a stronger connection between the written and auditory representations of the words. This helps to solidify their understanding and facilitates the retrieval of the vocabulary in both receptive and productive language use.In addition to listening, the unit also emphasizes the development of reading skills for English vocabulary. Reading is a crucial skill that allows learners to expand their lexical knowledge and deepen their comprehension of the language. Through engaging reading passages and activities, students are exposed to a diverse range of vocabulary words in written form.One effective strategy employed in this unit is the use of context clues. Students are encouraged to use the surrounding text to infer the meanings of unfamiliar words. This not only helps them to understand the vocabulary in the given context but also fosters their ability to deduce the meanings of unknown words in future reading encounters.Furthermore, the unit often incorporates vocabulary-building exercises, such as word-matching activities, fill-in-the-blank exercises, and synonym/antonym identification tasks. These activities reinforce the students' understanding of the vocabulary and encourage them to actively engage with the words, exploring their relationships and nuances.Another important aspect of this unit is the integration of vocabulary learning with other language skills. For instance, students may be asked to write sentences or short paragraphs using the target vocabulary words, thereby applying their knowledge in a practical and meaningful way. This holistic approach helps students to internalize the vocabulary and develop their overall proficiency in the English language.Throughout the unit, teachers employ a variety of instructional strategies to cater to the diverse learning styles and needs of the students. Some may use visual aids, such as flashcards or word walls, to facilitate the memorization of vocabulary. Others may encourage group discussions or collaborative activities to foster active engagement and peer-to-peer learning.Moreover, the unit often incorporates the use of technology to enhance the learning experience. Digital resources, such as interactive language-learning platforms or vocabulary-building apps, can provide students with personalized practice and immediate feedback, making the learning process more engaging and effective.As students progress through the unit, they are given opportunities to assess their own learning and set personal goals for vocabulary acquisition. Self-evaluation exercises, such as reflective journals orvocabulary quizzes, empower students to take ownership of their learning and identify areas for improvement.In conclusion, the focus on listening and reading of English vocabulary in grade 9, unit 12, is a crucial component of language development. By engaging in a range of listening and reading activities, students not only expand their lexical knowledge but also cultivate essential skills for effective communication and comprehension. Through this comprehensive approach, students are well-equipped to navigate the complexities of the English language and achieve their academic and personal language-learning objectives.。

初中英语 :Give reading assignments

初中英语 :Give reading assignments

Reading AssignmentsExcerpts: This essay talks about the necessity to give a good reading assignment and the principles for teachers of English to follow.Keywords: reading , recitation, assignmentsAssignments are one form of the teaching feedbacks. In English teaching, assignments also make us and the students to realize the teaching and learning situation so that the teaching methods and processes can be adjusted in time. Thus, how to give an assignment correctly is becoming more and more important. About English teaching, we know it can be divided into two parts. That is spoken part and written part. Many researches show that a massive reading is one of the effective ways to help English learners master the target language. Large amouts of reading not only helps the students to enlarge the vocabulary, raise their reading speed and improve their reading ability, but the most important is it can make the students get more interested in reading so that the students are able to master the target language in a more positive and active way. So in middle school teaching, written part, especially the requirement of students’ reading abilities and skills plays a very important role.As a teacher of English, we can’t ignore it. But for most English teachers, they discussed a lot about how to give an effective reading class and they wrote many essays about it. In this essay, I won’t talk about the teaching methods inreading classes, but I would like to focus on the reading assignments.Most of the time, when we say, “Read the next text in the book,” we haven’t made an assignment.When our students get home, their parents will ask, “ Do you have homework today?”“No,” they will answer. “We were just supposed to read something.” With that they earn television privileges for the evening; they go to bed with a clear conscience; and they come to class tomorrow without having read the next text.If we want the students to read the next text, we have to assign it. There are principles to observe.I. Don’t assume that our students read as well as we do.For a more accurate picture, assume the opposite. We will never teach a student who reads our subject matter as well as we. Some students may have just made a perfect score on their test paper, but they still can’t read our subject matter as well as we do. They doesn’t have the background. They haven’t been reading it exclusively for the past several years as we have. They need our help.The most obvious place to start is with vocabulary. Although they may have seen the words, they probably mean something a bit different in our book. Just for a simple rule of thumb, never give a reading assignment without first addressing the specialized vocabulary our students will find. We may want to have drills, or we may want to provide a glossary, but address the vocabulary.Also be considerate enough to address the issue of reading time. We have experienced this ourselves.All during our student career, we had teachers who introduced the reading assignment by saying, “I read this last night, and it only takes about twenty minutes.” We know at that point that we were in for at least an hour. Well, this is what our students are feeling now.II. Reading is a hunt and find game.The more clearly we understand we are hunting for, the more likely we are to find it. If we want our students to find something from reading the next text, tell them what it is. We have several options for this task.A.Survey the text with the class. Read the title and sub-headings. Look at thepictures and charts. Pay special attention to the reading cues which the editors have provided. “But,” we may protest, “ We’ve been doing this all our life.” Of course we have, but we learned the skill. Now it is time for us to help our students to learn the habit of surveying before reading.B.Formulate questions. If the editor provides questions at the end of the text,use those. If not, teach the students how to develop their own questions from the survey. If our students haven’t mastered that skill, write the questions out for them ourselves. But send them into the reading assignment with definite questions in their minds which they can answer through their reading.C.Through class discussion, stimulate the background material the studentshave which will assist and motivate the reading. If we said nonchalantly, “Please read the next text in your book.”, the students would respond with the same nonchalant attitude. Let’s think of the possibilities below:While we are having a lesson related to Shakespeare, we may say: “How many of you have ever heard the plays, ‘Hamlet’, ‘Romeo and Juliet’? Of course you have heard of it. What do you think the writer was thinking when he wrote the great plays and what inspired him to create such wonderful plays? Well, I’m going to give you this great honor. I am going to give you a permission to read the text which tells you the answers.Don’t cheat. Don’t read it before you get home. Tonight you are going to learn something which has intrigued you for a long time. You can thankme later.” How long did it take to say all that? About thirty seconds? The students will hurry home to read the text just to discover why the teacher was so excited.III. Use recitation assignments with the reading assignments.As we have said before, to ask them to read something is not to give an assignment, but to ask them to read something and complete a work sheet or write a summary or design a project is an assignment, and it is an assignment that the students appreciate. Those projects not only direct their reading research, but they also give them the opportunity to recite what they have learned as soon as they learned it. This contributes to retention.Reading recitation assignments come in a variety of forms too. There is a common work sheet with directing questions which works all right until it is overused and students lose interest. Other possibilities include: dramatization. role play, class discussion, drawings, writing the last paragraph, designing the harts and graphs which the editor should have included.As we can see, giving the students the opportunity to recite what they have learned from the reading assignment can be a really fun aspect of teaching because it gives us some room for our creativity.IV. Teaching scanning.Let’s be honest. We made it through college because we mastered the skill of scanning --- reading the topic sentences and catching the highlights. There is no need to apologize. Most textbooks don’t deserve to be read word for word. Be assured. Our students will scan too. Unfortunately, they aren’t as good as we are, so we need to coach scanning. If we can teach them to scan effectively, we will not only teach them to save time, but we will provide them a valuable learning tool which just may be one of the motivating factors in continuing their education.V. Practice.Let’s take JEFC3 Unit 3 Lesson 10 for example. The topic for this unit is Make our world more beautiful. While we are having the teaching task for this unit, we teachers can give some related reading assignments so that the students can clearly realize the problems our earth is facing, the causes for these problems and the ways to solve them.Here are the detailed steps of carrying it out.A.Teachers and students discuss and decide the researching questions, like:What are the problems the earth is facing?What have we human beings done to damage the earth and what have wedone and ca be done to protect the earth?B.Read the text with these questions after school.C.Choose one important paragraph for the students to recite.参考文献武斌2002 提高课外阅读实效的几种方法【J】教学与管理朱文英 2006 新课标下的高中英语课外阅读活动中小学外语教学Alderson, J. C. & A. H. Urquhart. 1984 Reading in a foreign Language. Harlow: LongmanNuttal, C. 1996. Teaching Reading Skills in A Foreign Language. ( 2nd ed.).Oxford: Heinemann.。

英语泛读教程unit 12.jsp

英语泛读教程unit 12.jsp

If she was in London, what would happen?
Imminent, downhill GP consultant, combination, alive per capita, dependents
Dessa’s story: Grace in a few year’s time
免疫系统正在恶化 唯一机会

平均生命期望值 衣衫褴褛 脚上全是灰尘 好奇的大眼睛和害羞的 笑容 建立一所学校 登记 突出的饥饿的肚皮
Only method
Picking up drugs for free from NHS (National Health Service) can check the tidal wave of death that is to overtake so many.
structure
Passage I
Share you knowledge about AIDS with us!!



1. what does AIDS mean? Acquired immune deficiency Syndrome 2. What is AIDS caused? A virus called HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) 3. What are people who have the HIV antibodies called? HIV-positive 4. Is being HIV-positive the same as having AIDS? No 5. How can we say that one gets AIDS? Get infected with HIV, later develop AIDS

英语泛读教程3Unit 12

英语泛读教程3Unit 12

The optician says that my vision is perfect. (ability to see) a man of vision as leader of the party (wise understanding of how the future will be; foresight) He conjured up a vision of the future. (a picture seen in the mind; idea) tinker with: to work without a fixed plan or useful results, making small changes, esp. when trying to repair or improve sth It’s no use jut tinkering with the problem; we’ve got to made some fundamental changes 处理这个问题仅仅小修小补没有用,我们得进行一些 根本性的变革。
Language points 1. Bicker(p223): to quarrel, esp about sth unimportant The two children used to bicker with each other over/about who should do the washing-up.这两个小孩子过去常为该由谁洗 餐具一事而相互争吵。 2. (p224) His work has provoked visions --- and fears --- of DNA doctors tinkering with the gears of cognition. provoke: to be the sudden cause of (a usu. unpleasant feeling or reaction); to cause Don’t throw one bone to two dogs; you will provoke a fight. 不 要把一块骨头扔给两只狗,那只会引起他们打架。 provoke interest引起兴趣 ;provoke the appetite引起食欲 provoke a smile惹得发笑 evoke:to produce or call up (a memory or feeling, or its expression) That old film evoked memories of my childhood. 那部老片子唤起 了我对童年的记忆。 A good joke evoke a laugh.好笑话逗人笑 evoke strong opposition激起强烈反抗
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College English Reading Practice 12Passage 1Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality, but when it comes to my college education I am an idealist and a fool. In high school I wanted to be an electrical engineer and, of course, any sensible student with my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering department, famous reputation and lots of good labs and research equipment. But that’s not what I did.I chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts (文科) university that doesn’t even offer a major in electrical engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here for more noble reasons. I wanted a broad education that would provide me with flexibility and a value system to guide me in my career. I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by interacting with people who weren’t studying science or engineering. My parents, teachers and other adults praised me for such a sensible choice. They told me I was wise and mature beyond my 18 years, and I believed them.I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering “factories” where they didn’t care if you have values or were flexible. I was going to be a complete engineer: technical genius and sensitive humanist (人文学者) all in one.Now I’m not so sure. Somewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality, as all noble ideals eventually do. After three years of struggling to balance math, physics and engineering courses with liberal-arts courses, I have learned there are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile (协调) engineering with liberal-arts courses in college.The reality that has blocked my path to become the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts simply don’t’ mix as easily as I assumed in high school. Individually they shape a person in very different ways; together they threaten to confuse. The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.(1) The author chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university because he ________.A.wanted to be an example of practicality and rationalityB.intended to be a combination of engineer and humanistC.wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal-arts courses in collegeD.intended to be a sensible student with noble ideals(2) According to the author, by interacting with people who study liberal arts,engineering students can ________.A.balance engineering and the liberal artsB.receive guidance in their careersC.become noble idealistsD.broaden their horizons(3) In the eyes of the author, a successful engineering student is expected ________.A.to have an excellent academic recordB.to be wise and matureC.to be imaginative with a value system to guide himD.to be a technical genius with a wide vision(4) The author’s experience shows that he was ________.A.creativeB.ambitiousC.unrealisticD.irrational(5) The word “they” in “... together they threaten to confuse.” (Line 3, Para. 5) refers to ________.A.engineering and the liberal artsB.reality and noble idealsC.flexibility and a value systemD.practicality and rationalityPassage 2Rae Armantrout, who has been a poetry professor at the University of California San Diego(UCSD) for two decades, has won the 2010 Pulitzer Prize in the poetry category for her most recent book, “Versed”.“I’m delighted and amazed at how much media recognition that the Pulitzer brings, as compared to even the National Book Critics Award, which I was also surprised and delighted to win,” said Armantrout.“For a long time, my writing has been just below the media radar, and to have this kind of attention, suddenly, with my 10th book, is really s urprising.”Armantrout, a native Californian, received her bachelor’s degree at UC Berkeley, where she studied with noted poet Denise Levertov, and her master’s in creative writing from San Francisco State University. She is a founding member of Language Poets, a group in American poetry that analyzes the way language is used and raises questions to make the reader think.In March, she won the National Book Critics Circle Award for “Versed.”“This book has gotten more attention,” Armantrout said, “but I don’t feel as if it’s better.”The first half of “Versed” focuses on the dark forces taking hold of the United States as it fought the war against Iraq. The second half looks at the dark forces casting a shadow over her own life after Armantrout was diagnosed with cancer in 2006.Armantrout was shocked to learn she had won the Pulitzer but many of her colleagues were not. “Rae Armantrout is a unique voice in American poetry,” said Seth Lerer, head of Arts and Humanities at UCSD.“Versed”, published by the Wesleyan University Press, did appear in a larger printing than her earlier works, which is about 2,700 copies. The new edition is scheduled to appear in May.(1) According to Rae Armantrout, ____________.A.her 10th book is much betterB.her winning the Pulitzer is unexpectedC.the media is surprised at her worksD.she likes being recognized by her readers(2) Which of the following is true of Rae Armantrout?A.She published a poetry textbook.B.She used to teach Denise Levertov.C.She started a poets’ group with others.D.She taught creative writing at UC Berkeley.(3) What can we learn about “Versed”?A.It consists of three parts.B.It is mainly about the American army.C.It is a book published two decades ago.D.It partly concerns the poet’s own life.(4) Rae Armantrout’s colleagues think that she ____________.A.should write moreB.has a sweet voiceC.deserves the prizeD.is a strange professor(5) What can we learn from the text?A.About 2,700 cop ies of “Versed” will be printed.B.Cancer made Armantrout stop writing.C.Armantrout got her degrees at UCSD.D.“Versed” has been awarded twice.。

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