牛津英语被动语态讲解及相关练习
牛津译林版8bunit7被动语态讲解与练习
8B被动语态讲解与练习一、概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。
二、主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换。
主动语态变为被动语态口诀: 主变宾，宾变主，谓语变be done ,时不变,“be”要随着主语变.三、各种时态的被动语态的构成1.一般现在时：主语+be（is/am/are）+过去分词done+其它把下列句子改为被动语态①People use knives for cutting things.______________________________________________________________________②They produce silk in Suzhou and Hangzhou.______________________________________________________________________③They speak English in Canada.______________________________________________________________________④They grow rice in South China.______________________________________________________________________⑤People use metal(金属) for making machines.______________________________________________________________________⑥Where do people plant the trees?______________________________________________________________________2.一般过去时：主语+be（was/were）+过去分词done+其它把下列句子改为被动语态①The wind blew down the big tree last night.______________________________________________________________________②My sister took these photos on the Great Wall.______________________________________________________________________③They built many tall buildings in their hometown last year.______________________________________________________________________④When did you invent the strange machine?______________________________________________________________________3.一般将来时：主语+will+ be(不变形) +过去分词done+其它或主语+be going to+ be(不变形) +过去分词done+其它把下列句子改为被动语态①They will build another bridge in the city next year.______________________________________________________________________②Will you hold a sports meeting in your school next Friday?____________a sports meeting ____________________in our school next Friday ?③They are going to invite a lot of pop stars to the charity show this evening.A lot of pop stars ___________________________________to the charity show this evening.④We are not going to hold a parents’ meeting tomorrow.A parents’ meeting _________________________________________tomorrow.4.含情态动词：主语+情态动词+be（不变形）+过去分词done+其它把下列句子改为被动语态①Amy can take good care of Tina.______________________________________________________________________②You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.______________________________________________________________________③They should collect money for the project.______________________________________________________________________④We can finish the work in two days.______________________________________________________________________⑤We must water the flowers every day.四、使用被动语态的注意点：1.感官动词、使役动词等在主动语态中后接不带to动词不定式变成被动语态时要加上“to” 即：----see/hear/notice sb. do sth.变为了sb. be seen/heard/noticed to do sth.----let/make/have sb. do sth.变为了sb. be let/made/had to do sth.把下列句子改为被动语态①The boss makes the workers work all day.______________________________________________________________________②I often hear her sing in the room.______________________________________________________________________③I saw him enter the reading room yesterday afternoon.______________________________________________________________________④Daniel saw the boy run yesterday.______________________________________________________________________2.常见变被动的表达see sb. doing sb. be seen doinghear sb. doing sb. be heard doingwatch sb. doin sb. be watched doingnotice sb. doing sb. be noticed doingtell sb. to do sb. be told to doask sb. to do sb. be asked to doinvited sb. to do sb. be invited to do把下列句子改为被动语态①We saw them playing soccer over there.______________________________________________________________________②He asked me to buy some sugar.______________________________________________________________________3.含有双宾语的主动、被动转换主语+谓语+间接宾语(sb)+直接宾语(sth)主语(sb) +be done+直接宾语(sth)+by sb主语(sth) +be done+to/for+间接宾语(sb)+by sb把下列句子改为被动语态①We gave our teachers some flowers.Our teachers___________________________________________________________________ Some flowers__________________________________________________________________②My mother will buy me a new coat.I ___________________________________________________________________A new coat___________________________________________________________________③Lily sent me a New Year card last week.I __________________________________________________________________A new card ___________________________________________________________________4.主动语态中“动词+介词”或“动词+副词”的短语动词变为被动语态时，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。
牛津译林版英语八年级下册被动语态总结精讲和提高训练(Word精编版含答案)
牛津译林版英语八年级下册被动语态总结精讲及提高训练熟记结构被动语态的谓语结构：be +过去分词(P.P)（再次复习熟练过去分词）具体变化为：★一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are +P.P★一般过去时的被动语态：was/were +P.P★一般将来时的被动语态：will/shall +be +P.P现在完成时的被动语态：have/has +been +P.P★含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词can/may/must/should + be +PP.明确用法下列情况可判断用被动语态★物作主语常用被动语态e.g. Luckily his missing bike____was found_____(find) yesterday.★句子中出现by sb.e.g. Now a lot of work can___be done_____(do) by robots.★动宾搭配中，动词后面的宾语提前作了主语(如ask/tell/invite sb. to do等) He might___be caught____(catch) in the rain yesterday.In the old days, the workers___were made_____(make) to work 12 hours a day. Don't get out of the room until you___are told____(tell) to.★根据句意，需要用被动When you___are given___(give) something, you should say "Thank you."熟练转换主动语态变被动语态的方法，分三步走：★主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语；★谓语变成“be +PP."；★主语变成by后的宾语；(有时by短语可以省略)e.g. They make TV sets in that factory. (改为被动语态) （注意时态一致）→TV sets are made by them in that factory.注意特例★含双宾语的主动语态变成被动语态时，有两种方法：a)将间接宾语sb.变为主语，直接宾语保持不变；b)将直接宾语sth.变为主语，间接宾语用介词to或for引导。
广州牛津版8Bunit4语法被动语态讲解及练习
广州牛津版8Bunit4语法被动语态（二）一、知识点1、情态动词的被动语态初中常用情态动词有：canmaymustneedshouldhad better情态动词的用法：情态动词+动词原形情态动词被动语态的结构：情态动词+be+动词的过去分词(1)肯定句式（主语+情态动词+be原形+过去分词）The computer must be repaired now. 电脑必须立刻修。
Many trees should be planted on the mountains. 应该在山上种许多树。
(2)否定句式（主语+情态动词+not+be原形+过去分词）It can not be done by Peter. 这件事不可能是彼得干的。
Waste paper should not be thrown on the road. 废纸不应该扔在路上。
(3)一般疑问句式（情态动词+主语+be原形+过去分词）Must the trees be watered now? 这些树必须现在浇水吗？(4)特殊疑问句式①特殊疑问词(不作主语)+情态动词+主语+be原形+过去分词When can my computer be repaired? 我的电脑什么时候能修好？②特殊疑问词(作主语)+情态动词+be原形+过去分词What must be done next? 下一步该做什么？含有情态动词的主动语态与被动语态的转换：eg:1). We （主语）can（情态动词） write（谓语） letters (宾语）in English.（宾语补足语）Letters （主语） can （情态动词）be written （谓语）in English (宾语）by us. （宾语补足语）2). Parents （主语）should （情态动词）allow （谓语）teenagers (宾语）to choose their own clothes.Teenagers （主语）should（情态动词） be allowed （谓语）to choose their own clothes (宾语）by their parents. （宾语补足语）3). You （主语）must （情态动词）clean （谓语）your bedroom (宾语）every day.(时间状语）Your bedroom （主语）must （情态动词）be cleaned （谓语）every day (时间状语）by you.(宾语）练习：一、根据要求完成句子1. The old people should ___________(speak) to politely.3. Teenagers should ____________(allow) to surf the Internet.4. We should clean the classroom every day. （被动语态）The classroom ________ ________ ________ every day.5. Eighteen-year-olds should be allowed to drink. （否定句）Eighteen-year-olds ________ ________ _________ allowed to drink.6. The lights should be turned off when you leave he classroom. （主动语态）You _________ _________ _________ the lights when you leave the classroom.7. Teenagers should be allowed to play with friends at night. (改为否定句) Teenagers to play with friends at night.8. The flowers must be watered once a day. (改为一般疑问句)the flowers once a day?9. Should the classroom be cleaned on time? (作肯定回答), .10. Parents should allow children to choose their clothes. (改为被动语态)Children to choose their clothes.11. The young tree can be planted now. (改为主动语态)We the young tree now.二、单项选择( )1. People who drink wine_________to drive after May Day.A.don’t allowB.isn’t allowedC.mustn’t allowD.mustn’t be allowed( )2、—Food safety is very important.—So some rules _________ to stop people from polluting food.A.must makeB.must be madeC.must madeD.be made ( )3. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish_________ into the river.A.needn’t be thrownB.can’t thrownC.mustn’t be thrownD.may not thrown( )4. It’s a rule in my class that our classroom _________ before 6:00 p.m.every day.A.be able to cleanB.should be cleaningC.must cleanD.must be cleaned( )5. —Must we clean the classroom now?—No,you _________ .It _________ after school.A.needn’t;must be cleanedB.mustn’t;needn’t be cleanedC.needn’t;can be cleanedD.don’t have to;may clean( )6. Many interesting experiments _________ by the students in the new lab.A.will be carriedB.will be carried outC.carry outD.will carry out( )7.—Some of the plastic bags can’t after June 1.—Yes, people will use environmental bags instead.A. useB. be useC. be usedD. are used( )8. —There is a lot of wind in North China.—Well, more trees every year to stop the wind.A. must be plantedB. can plantedC. should planted2、现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的结构：have/has+过去分词现在完成时时间标志词：since + 时间点/从句，for two months, so far，yet, in the past 3 years等现在完成时被动语态的构成：1．现在完成时被动语态的肯定式：have ／has ＋been ＋及物动词的过去分词例如：Two windows have been broken．两个窗子被打破了。
牛津英语被动语态讲解及相关练习
前复习：用所给单词的适当形式填空11 _____ (see) Tom last Friday.2 ______ you ______ (go) to the Great Wall last summer?3-Where _____ you _______ (put) your pen?-I ______ (put) it in my pen cil-box, but it's no where to be found.4 When ______ you _______ (start) to live in China?5- The train ______ (leave) already.-When ______ the train ______ (leave)?6. Suzhou ______ (cha nge) a lot in the past years.7. ____ you ever ________ (be) to Han gzhou?8. I ______ (have) my sister's letter for two days.9. His pare nts (get) married twenty years ago.10. Let's _____ (meet) at the school gate tomorrow morni ng.11. With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Zhao ______ (hurry) off to look after the man.12. Jim ______ (make) many friends si nee he______ (come) to Chi na.13. They ____ (know) each other for about ten years.14. He already _____ (write)a letter to the factory to ask them to stop making no ise15. - When ______ s he ______ (leave)? - Two hours ago.㈠英语中的语态-主动语态和被动语态1•英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
Unit 7 语法精讲(被动语态一)-八年级下册英语单元核心知识讲练(牛津译林版)
PART.01
被动语态的定义
被动语态
eg:
主动：Tim likes the book.
定义
*主语Tim， 做“喜欢”这个动作；
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和 被动：The book is liked by Tim. 这
被动语态。
本书(被)Tim喜欢。*
主语是动作的执行者—主动语态；
，
主语是动作的承受者—被动语态。 即“被喜欢”。
by mum
.
chances to deal with problems by myself.
一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are done (即将be动词改成一般现在时am/is/are)
被动语态
一般过去时
被动语态基本结构：be done (过去分词)
The novel
into Chinese
PART.07
随堂练习
被动语态
1.The thief (贼) ________ by the policelast night. (catch)
2. Fifteen-year-olds should not _______ to drive in China. (allow)
被动语态
3. The new flats in the centre of the town _______ well. (sell)
被动语态
被动语态的基本用法： 动作的执行者是泛指或不言明时
eg:
is widely spoken all over the world.
不知道动作的执行者时
eg: He felt worried because 强调动作的承受着时
was taken away.
牛津8B unit3--4 被动语态讲解
教师姓名柏娥上课日期2013.6.17.
学生姓名年级8 学科英语课题被动语态及练习
学习目标掌握被动语态的构成及使用要点被动语态的各种时态的运用
被动语态的特殊用法
主动与被动的转换
教学重点被动语态的构成及特殊用法
教学过程
师生活动设计
意向
被动语态
一语态
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
Eg：Many people speak Chinese. 谓语动词speak的动作是由主语
many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象，其构成为：
“be+过去分词”。
Eg：Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语Chinese是动词speak
的承受者。
二被动语态的构成
(一)被动语态的各种时态构成形式（注意变形：否定句、一般及
特殊疑问句）
一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are+done
一般过去时的被动语态was/were+done
一般将来时的被动语态will/shall+done
现在进行时的被动语态am/is/are being+done
过去进行时的被动语态was/were being+done
现在完成时的被动语态have/has been+done。
被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)
The Passive Voice 被动语态一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时2）has /have been done 现在完成时3）am/is /are being done 现在进行时4）was/were done 一般过去时5）had been done 过去完成时6）was/were being done 过去进行时7）shall/will be done 一般将来时￥8）should/would be done 过去将来时2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。
例His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。
例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役动词have, make,let以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to 要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。
例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.`5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。
牛津译林版八年级下册被动语态专项练习
八下牛津英语语法讲解与练习------被动语态一、各种时态的被动语态一般现在时：am／is／are＋动词过去分词Cars are made by them.一般过去时：was／were＋动词过去分词The MP3 was bought by my father.一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋动词过去分词The bridge will be completed in ten days.现在完成时：have／has been＋动词过去分词The meeting has been put off.二、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。
歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”。
例如：we can repair this watch in two days. →This watch can be repaired in two days.We must fi nish this work soon. →This work must be done soon.We have to clean the classroom. → The classroom has to be cleaned by us.三、主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题.（1）时态保持一致。
I have repaired my computer.---My computer has been repaired.（2）如果要说出动作的执行者，并且这个执行者可以作主动语态中主语时，就用by短语，如果后面的词表示地点，不是动作的执行者，就用in短语。
It is made by us. It is made in Wuhan.(3)主动句的主语是代词的主格形式，变成被动句by的宾语时要用其宾格形式。
He cleaned the car. → The car was cleaned by him.(4)疑问句的被动语态，用be动词的对应形式代替doDoes she drive this car? →Is this car driven by her?（5）谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。
牛津英语2020年中考语法专项复习——被动语态(包含答案)
牛津英语2020中考语法专项复习---被动语态一、各种时态的被动语态一般现在时：am／is／are＋动词过去分词E.g :Cars are made by them.一般过去时：was／were＋动词过去分词E.g :The MP3 was bought by my father.一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋动词过去分词E.g :The bridge will be completed in ten days.现在完成时：have／has been＋动词过去分词E.g :The meeting has been put off.二、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。
歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”。
例如：we can repair this watch in two days. →This watch can be repaired in two days.We must finish this work soon. →This work must be done soon.We have to clean the classroom. → The classroom has to be cleaned by us.三、主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题.（1）时态保持一致。
I have repaired my computer.---My computer has been repaired.（2）如果要说出动作的执行者，并且这个执行者可以作主动语态中主语时，就用by短语，如果后面的词表示地点，不是动作的执行者，就用in短语。
It is made by us. It is made in Wuhan.(3)主动句的主语是代词的主格形式，变成被动句by的宾语时要用其宾格形式。
八年级英语上册 被动语态讲解与专项练习 牛津深圳版
八年级英语上册被动语态讲解与专项练习牛津深圳版【知识总结归纳】一. 概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。
二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换We Visited that factory last summer →主动语态主语谓语宾语状语That factory was visited by us last summer →被动语态主语谓语宾语状语四. 如何正确使用被动语态1. 有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。
需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。
eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主动语态）⎭⎬⎫.him by us to told often are stories g Interestin .him by stories g interestin told often are We （被动语态） ▲常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend , pass 等。
2. 在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to 被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to 还要还原。
eg. I often hear her sing this popular song . （主动语态）复合宾语宾语补足语宾语 She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被动语态）▲ 有这种用法的常用动词有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice 等。
3. 有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。
”比较：（1）⎩⎨⎧)()(.Fengping by closed is door The .closed is door The 被动语态。
初中英语 牛津上海版8A被动语态讲解及练习(有答案)
被动语态动词的被动语态英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态，主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
只有及物动词才有被动语态。
它的基本结构为：be动词+及物动词的过去分词。
所有的时态变化在be动词上。
以动词sing为例。
注意以下几种被动语态的特殊情况：一．被动语态中不定式要还原Let/make/see/hear/watch sb. do sth.----- sb. be let/made/seen/heard/watched to do sth.My mother made me look after the little sister yesterday.----I was made to look after the little sister by my mother yesterday.二．有些动词没有被动语态。
(及物动词才有被动语态)1) 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：appear, die，disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.2) 系动词无被动语态：appear, be，become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn3) 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch，agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to4) 系动词无被动语态：appear, be，become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn5) 当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。
牛津英语中考语法专项复习——被动语态(含答案)
牛津英语2020中考语法专项复习---被动语态一、各种时态的被动语态一般现在时：am／is／are＋动词过去分词E.g :Cars are made by them.一般过去时：was／were＋动词过去分词E.g :The MP3 was bought by my father.一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋动词过去分词E.g :The bridge will be completed in ten days.现在完成时：have／has been＋动词过去分词E.g :The meeting has been put off.二、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。
歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”。
例如：we can repair this watch in two days. →This watch can be repaired in two days.We must finish this work soon. →This work must be done soon.We have to clean the classroom. → The classroom has to be cleaned by us.三、主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题.（1）时态保持一致。
I have repaired my computer.---My computer has been repaired.（2）如果要说出动作的执行者，并且这个执行者可以作主动语态中主语时，就用by短语，如果后面的词表示地点，不是动作的执行者，就用in短语。
It is made by us. It is made in Wuhan.(3)主动句的主语是代词的主格形式，变成被动句by的宾语时要用其宾格形式。
牛津版模块四第三单元的语法练习被动语态
牛津版模块四第三单元的语法练习被动语态module4unit3learningsheetsforpassivevoice（被动语态学习计划）（学生版）【学习目标】1.学习被动语态。
2.learnhowtousethepassivevoice3.提高团队合作能力。
【课前预习】英语中有两种语态：主动语态和______________________;定义：主动语态指主语是谓语动词动作的执行者，谓语的主语是动作的。
二被动结构：be+过去分词时态一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时过去进行时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时情态动词结构=be+过去分词am(is/are)+过分was(were)+过分will+be+过分动词do为例，写出其被动语态结构am/is/aredone____________________________am(is/are)+being+过分_______________was(were)+being+过分_______________would+be+过分have/has+been+过分had+been+过分_______________________________________________情态动词can+be+过分_________________【课内探究一】：被动语态结构=be+过去分词用被动语态结构完成下列句子。
1sports____________(like)bythechildren.2mywork______________(do)bymenow3他们已经完成了工作。
1949年发现的中国。
5thegift______________(send)tometomorrow.6.家庭作业不熟练。
第二，填空7thepeople'srepublicofchina___onoctober1,1949.a.foundb.wasfoundedc.isfoundedd. wasfound8english____incanada.a、说话。
最新牛津英语被动语态讲解及相关练习
前复习：用所给单词的适当形式填空1I_______ (see) Tom last Friday.2_______you_______ (go) to the Great Wall last summer?3-Where_______ you_______ (put) your pen?-I_______ (put) it in my pencil-box, but it's nowhere to be found.4 When_______ you_______ (start) to live in China?5- The train_______ (leave) already.- When_______ the train_______ (leave)?6. Suzhou_______ (change) a lot in the past years.7._______ you ever_______ (be) to Hangzhou?8. I_______ (have) my sister's letter for two days.9. His parents (get) married twenty years ago.10. Let's_______ (meet) at the school gate tomorrow morning.11. With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Zhao_______ (hurry) off to look after the man.12. Jim_______ (make) many friends since he_______ (come) to China.13. They_______ (know) each other for about ten years.14. He already_______ (write)a letter to the factory to ask them to stop making noise15.- When_______ she_______ (leave)? - Two hours ago.㈠英语中的语态－主动语态和被动语态⒈英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
八年级英语上册 被动语态练习与讲解 牛津版
被动语态练习2A.Tom在向奶奶介绍电脑的用途时,用到了下面的句子.请你把它们改写被动语态的句子:1.People designed the first puter in the 1940s.2.puters solve a lot of problems for us.3.Most schools in China teach puter.4.People order a lot of things on the Internet now.5.At present people use puters as a tool.6. A puter stores much information.7.People didn’t use puters widely 50 years ago.8.I didn’t know who designed the first puter.B.Tom在介绍自己的电脑时用到了以下句子,请将它们改写成主动语态的句子.9.This puter was bought two years ago.10.This puter is used when I e back home every day.11.This puter is not used for playing games.12.I am ordered not to play puter games by my parents.C.将下列句子改为被动语态:13.Did he write a letter yesterday evening?14.What did they talk about at the meeting?15.Daniel asked Millie to turn on the puter.16.We saw many boys playing basketball in the playground.17.Do they make modern machines in this new factory?D.将下列句子改为主动语态:18.The machines were made last year by the workers themselves._________________________________________________________19.After your homework is done, you may go skating._____________________________________20.A recorder is often used in our English class. _________________________________21.22.A talk will be given by the teacher. ________________________________________E.用括号中动词的适当的形式填空。
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前复习：用所给单词的适当形式填空1I_______ (see) Tom last Friday.2_______you_______ (go) to the Great Wall last summer?3-Where_______ you_______ (put) your pen?-I_______ (put) it in my pencil-box, but it's nowhere to be found.4 When_______ you_______ (start) to live in China?5- The train_______ (leave) already.- When_______ the train_______ (leave)?6. Suzhou_______ (change) a lot in the past years.7._______ you ever_______ (be) to Hangzhou?8. I_______ (have) my sister's letter for two days.9. His parents (get) married twenty years ago.10. Let's_______ (meet) at the school gate tomorrow morning.11. With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Zhao_______ (hurry) off to look after the man.12. Jim_______ (make) many friends since he_______ (come) to China.13. They_______ (know) each other for about ten years.14. He already_______ (write)a letter to the factory to ask them to stop making noise15.- When_______ she_______ (leave)? - Two hours ago.㈠英语中的语态－主动语态和被动语态⒈英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如：①They built a new bridge over the river. (主动) →A new bridge was built over the river by them. (被动) ②Many people speak English. (主动) →English is spoken by many people. (被动)⒉汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用“助动词be ＋及物动词的过去分词构成”，即“be＋p.p.”，其中助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。
㈡被动语态的基本用法⒈当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。
当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。
被动语态由助动词be＋过去分词构成，时态通过动词be表现出来。
⒉什么时候使用被动语态⑴不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
①Some windows were broken last night. ②This book was published (出版) in 2005. 注意：第②句＝This book came out in 2005. come out 是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。
⑵只强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
①Educational CD-ROMs are sold in many countries. ②Rice was first grown in China.③English is learned all over the world.注意：不及物动词或不及物动词短语无被动语态，如：appear, happen, take place 等。
⒋主动改为被动语态的例子：主动语态基本结构为主、谓、宾。
⑴His brother washes dishes every day. → Dishes are washed every day by his brother.主(执行者) 谓宾(承受者) 其他⑵Peter will clean the room tomorrow. →The room will be cleaned tomorrow by Peter.⑶He must look after the little boy. →The little boy must be looked after by him.⑷The students are watching a charity show. →A charity show is being watched by the students.被动语态．1 一般现在时的被动结构：am ／is ／are done.一般现在时的被动结构： Paper ____________(make) in this factory．． 2．一般过去时的被动结构：was ／were done. ．一般过去时的被动结构： This cup ___________( use)for drinking nine years ago3．含情态动词的被动结构：can ／may ／ must ／should be done. ．4．含情态动词的被动结构：The playground can ／may ／must ___________(clean) after school．．4．一般将来时的被动结构：be going to ／ will be done。
．一般将来时的被动结构：结构。
A new bridge ____________( build) over the river here next year．．5．现在进行时的被动结构：be being done. ．现在进行时的被动结构： A teaching building ______________(build) in our school now. 6．现在完成时的被动结构 have／has been done. ．／ Thousands of trees ____________ _(plant) on the hills since last year．．有关被动语态的几个问题1．双宾语的被动语态show ,pass, give sb.sth.=show, pass .give sth. to sb. ． buy, get, sing sb. sth.=buy, get, sing sth. for sb. My uncle gave me a new dictionary yesterday．． ___________________________ _/_________________________ __.2．复合宾语的被动语态make/see/hear/watch sb. do sth. ． =sb. be made/seen/heard/watched to do sth.The boss made her work for sixteen hours a day．． ____________________________________________.3．短语动词的被动语态．We should take care of the old people very well．． ______________________________________________.4．特殊疑问句的被动语态．Who broke my cup ？ _______________________________________________. (四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。
(1)You must hand in your compositions after class.Your compositions must be handed in after class.(2)He can write a great many letters with the computer.A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.(五) 被动语态的使用1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by 短语。
“Mr. White, the cup was broken after class. ”2.突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。
These records were made by John Denver.The cup was broken by Paul.3.当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，这时常用in + 名词作状语，而代替by 短语。
These cars were made in China.(六)主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）My aunt invited me to her dinner party.主语谓语宾语→I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.主语谓语宾语（2）The school set up a special class to help poor readers.→ A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school.1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。
3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语可以省略。
如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用in + 地点名词作状语。
(七)语态转换时所注意的问题1. 把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。
We have bought a new computer.A new computer has been bought. (正确)A new computer have been bought. (错误)2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。