名校湖南省长沙市第一中学高三高考模拟二英语答案

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湖南省长沙市第一中学2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次月考英语试题

2023-2024-1长沙市一中高三上第二次月考英语时量：120分钟满分：150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A“Unfortunately, 85 percent of what makes us attractive or less to mosquitoes(蚊子) is hardwired in our genetic circuit board,” says Winegard, author of The Mosquito: A Human History of Our Deadliest Predator. Still, there are ways to outsmart summer’s most annoying party crashers, especially if all you want is to enjoy an evening on your patio(露台).Know your blood typeOnly female mosquitoes feed on humans, and for good reason: The proteins in your blood help them grow and mature their eggs. “She’s just being a good mom,” Winegard says. “People with blood type O are her top of choice. They get bitten twice as much as people with blood type A, with blood type B falling in between.”Stay cool“Mosquitoes hunt by both smell and sight,” Winegard says. “They can sm ell the carbon dioxide and see the heat signature of their target.” Avoiding alcohol can keep your body temperature lower — making you harder to find —so consider choosing cocktail instead.Wear light colorsAvoiding dark clothing can also keep you cooler, but that’s not the only reason it may offer relief. Mosquitoes, like many biting flies, are attracted to darker colors. The thinking behind this is that the animals they typically feed upon are larger, dark-bodied mammals(哺乳动物).Get rid of standing waterEven a glass of drinking water left on the deck can become a breeding ground for mosquito eggs — and mother mosquitoes lay about 100 eggs at a time. “They don’t need very much at all to breed. It can be a backyard toy, like a truck that has a bit of water in it, or a crushed pop can,” says Winegard. If you get rid of it, they’ll go somewhere else to lay their eggs.21. What’s the intention of this text?A. To introduce a new book.B. To offer professional tips.C. To analyze a study of insects.D. To suggest throwing a party.22. Why does a female mosquito feed on human blood?A. To hatch more eggs.B. To raise a large family.C. To identify blood types.D. To fully develop her body.23. What can we learn about mosquitoes according to Winegard?A. They can trace the smell of alcohol.B. They have energy-locating abilities.C. They feed off dark-bodied animals.D. They need abundant water to breed.BThe Malaysian actress, Michelle Yeoh, 60, shared some wisdom with the American Film Institute’s newest graduating class in a speech as she accepted an honorary doctorate of fine arts at the class of 2022 graduation ceremony.She recalled her early years in the industry. After an injury dashed her dreams of going into ballet, Yeoh bounced back at a gym where several stuntmen(特技替身演员) trained and ended up learning some tricks of the trade from them.“The first thing they taught me what to do was to tuck and roll, then how to fall on my side, and then how to fall on my back. And after a while, it dawned on me that they were teaching me how to fall,” she recalled. “And they said to me, ‘How are you going to go up if you don’t know how to come down?’” “That lesson sticks with me to this day. I had to learn how to fall. Well, you could say I learned it in my bones, literally,” Yeoh added.The actress mentioned jumping off a 20-foot highway overpass for one stunt, in which she over-rotated(旋转), causing her back to fold in half and a stunt went wrong. “I didn’t land properly, but I completed the scene,” she said.“These moments taught me perseverance, courage and humility,” she said. “They also taught me to hone my skills and eventually progress to the point where I was running on rooftops and jumping onto moving trains. I’m not asking you all to do that, okay? What I want to share with you today is that our slips and stumbles(绊跌) are the secrets to our flight. Trust me, that’s part of the deal. Success without failure is called luck. It cannot really be repeated or relied upon. It is from failure that we learn an d grow,” Yeoh continued.The Crazy Rich Asians star concluded her speech: “Be courageous, take chances, break barriers, be proud of what makes you unique.” “And most importantly, don’t be afraid to fall, for you are learning to fly,” Yeoh said.24. Whan can we learn about Michelle Yeoh from the first two paragraphs?A. She was tricked by several stuntmen.B. She was passionate about working out in a gym.C. She won a doctor’s degree in fine arts despite her old age.D. She was terribly defeated by an injury and discouraged in her early years.25. What lesson did Michelle Yeon learn from the stuntmen?A. God helps those who help themselves.B. Misfortune might be a blessing in disguise.C. Successful people are learning experiences with others.D. The greatest glory is not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall.26. What does the underlined word “hone” in paragraph 5 mean?A. Believe.B. Sharpen.C. Restore.D. Dominate.27. What are the keys to our success according to the text?A. Mistakes and failure.B. Luck and humility.C. Courage and pride.D. Opportunities and skills.C“It’s a natural question,” Dr. Holt-Lunstad said about the “ideal” number of friends. “Just like we have guidelines and recommendations for the amount of sleep we get and how physically active we are, this is health relevant.” While she and other friendship researchers admit there aren’t many studies that have specifically tackled the question of how many friends people should aim for, those that have been done offer a range.Dr. Degges-White recently conducted a survey of 297 adults, which has not been published or subject to peer review but found that 55 percent of participants believed two to three close friends was ideal, while 31 percent thought four to six was the goal. But friendship and intimacy are subjective, and there isn’t a widely used scale researchers share to define those concepts across studies. It’s also unclear how social media factors into all of this, as research suggests the size of a perso n’s online network may not have any meaningful impact on their perceived well-being.While friendship research offers some standards, it may be more useful for most of us to consider if you need more friends. Dr. Marisa Franco recommends starting with a fairly obvious but powerful question: Do I feel lonely! “Also, different people bring out different parts of us. So when you have a larger friend group, you’re able toexperience this side of yourself that loves golf, and this side that loves cars,” she added. “If you feel like your identity has sort of shrunk, or you’re not feeling quite like yourself, that might indicate you need different types of friends.”Of course, making friends in adulthood isn’t always easy. Research shows people struggle with it because they find it difficult to trust new people. For those reasons, it is often easier to start by reawakening old relationships. The amount of time you actually spend with your friends matters, too. Franco suggests that on average, very close friendships tend to take around 200 hours to develop. But spending time with friends you feel ambivalent(情绪复杂的) about —because they’re unreliable, critical, competitive or any of the many reasons people get under our skin — can be bad for your health.28. Which statement would Dr. Holt-Lunstad probably agree with?A. Healthy friendships contribute to quality sleep.B. There have been guidelines for making friends.C. Two to six close friends may be the most ideal.D. Friendships can be a crucial factor in well-being.29. How was Dr. Degges-White’s survey?A. It summarized the statistics in previous studies.B. It set standards on the exact number of friends.C. It distinguished between friendship and intimacy.D. It dismissed the influences of social media factors.30. According to Franco, you have to make new friends if _____________.A. your friend circle is large enoughB. you have a wide range of hobbiesC. your personal identities are restrictedD. you lead an unhappy adulthood life31. What matters in maintaining close friendships according to Franco?A. Quantities of time.B. Meeting frequency.C. Your healthy moods.D. Personalities of friends.DMany robots track objects by “sight” as they work with them, but optical(视觉的) sensors can’t take in an item’s entire shape when it’s in the dark or partially blocked from view. Now a new low-cost technique lets a robotic hand “feel” an unfamiliar object’s form — and skillfully handle it based on this information alone.Roboticist, Xiaolong Wang in University of California, San Diego and his team wanted to find out if complex coordination(协调) could be achieved in robotics using only simple touch data. The researchers attached 16 contact sensors, each costing about $12, to the palm and fingers of a four-fingered robot hand. These sensors simply indicate if an object is touching the hand or not. “While one sensor doesn’t catch much, a lot of them can help you capture different aspects of the object,” Wang says. In this case, the robot’s task was to rotate(旋转) items placed in its palm.The researchers first collected a large volume of touch data as a virtual robot hand practiced rotating objects, including balls. Using binary contact information (“touch” or“no touch”) from each sensor, the team built a comput er model that determines an object’s position at every step of the handling process and moves the fingers to rotate it smoothly and stably.Next they transferred this capability to operate a real robot hand, which successfully manipulated(操纵) previously unencountered objects such as apples, tomatoes, soup cans and rubber ducks. Transferring the computer model to the real world was relatively easy because the binary sensor data were so simple; the model didn’t rely on accurate measurements.Digging into what the robot hand perceives, Wang and his colleagues found that it can re-create the entire object’s form from touch data, informing its actions. He and his team are set to present their handiwork at an international conference called Robotics: Science and Systems.New York University’s Lerrel Pinto, who studies robots’ interactions with the real world, wonders whether the system would become less effective at more complicated tasks including opening a bottle cap. Wang’s group aims totackle more complex movements in future work as well as to add sensors in places such as the sides of the fingers. The researchers will also try adding vision to improve touch data for handling complicated shapes.32. What may contribute to the ineffectiveness of the optical sensors?A. Poor visibility.B. Blocked roads.C. Complicated tasks.D. Inaccurate calculation.33. What do paragraphs 3–4 focus on?A. Stimulating the robot fingers to move the items steadily.B. Increasing the precision of touch of the robot hand.C. Comparing the computer world with the real circumstances.D. Testing if touch information can facilitate the formation of the object shape.34. What is the attitude of Lerrel Pinto towards the system?A. Neutral.B. Suspicious.C. Favorable.D. Pessimistic.35. What is the best title for the text?A. Robotics: Science and SystemB. New Robot Rotates Items SkillfullyC. New Robot Hand Works by Feel, Not SightD. From the Computer Model to the Real Robot Hand第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

湖南省长沙市第一中学2023-2024学年高三上学期月考试卷(一)英语试题

湖南省长沙市第一中学2023-2024学年高三上学期月考试卷（一）英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Dramatic progress has been witnessed in the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) which benefits from those great contributions some ancient famous doctors made ant some experience they accumulated. The following three stand out among the ancient famous doctors.Hua TuoHua Tuo (145—208), famous physician of the late Eastern Han dynasty, also named Fu, was born at Qiao County in Peiguo (now Bozhou, Anhui Province). He led a simple life, away from fame and fortune. He would rather become a traveling physician for ordinary people.Hua Tuo was an expert in several medical fields, such as internal medicine, surgery, gynecology, pediatrics and acupuncture. He was the first person to perform surgery with the aid of anesthesia (by applying Ma Fei San, a herbal anesthetic he invented) some 1,600 years before Europeans did.Zhang ZhongjingZhang Zhongjing (150—219), also known as Zhang Ji, was one of the most distinguished Chinese physicians during the later years of the Eastern Han dynasty. He lived in today’s Nanyang in Henan Province. He was known as the “medical sage” by later generations due to his outstanding contributions to TCM.During his time, with warlords (军阀) fighting for their own territories, many people were infected with fertility, an illness caused by fever. Zhang’s family was no exception. The experience stimulated his motivation in medicine. He learned medicine by studying from his town’s fellow Zhan Bozu, absorbing previous medicinal literature, collecting many prescriptions; and finally writing the medical masterpiece Shanghan Zabing Lun. Unfortunately shortly after its publication the book was lost during wartime.Li ShizhenLi Shizhen (1518—1593) was a famous medical scientist the Ming dynasty. He loved medicine from an early age and succeeded his ancestors as a doctor. He not only paidattention to accumulating experience in curing diseases, but also visited the famous mountains where medicinal materials were produced.On this basis, it took 27 years to compile (编著) the pharmaceutical masterpiece, Compendium of Materia Medica, which is known as the “Encyclopedia of Ancient China” and has made an important contribution to the development of classical medicine China. 1．What do the three famous doctors mentioned in the passage have in common?A．Their books never come out.B．They travelled extensively across China.C．They led the way worldwide in their own expertsD．They contributed themselves to the development of TCM.2．What can we learn from the passage?A．Hua Tuo was desperate for reputation and fortune.B．Li Shizhen came from a family of doctors.C．Li Shizhen survived Zhang Zhongjing by 9 years.D．Zhang Zhongjing’s medical masterpiece vanished before published.3．In which section of a magazine may this passage appear?A．Healthy lifestyles.B．Daily entertainment.C．Historical figures.D．Fitness management.On March 25, 2010, Kate and David Ogg heard the words every parent fears: Their newborn wasn’t going to make it. Their twins -- a girl and a boy -- were born two minutes apart and exactly 14 weeks premature, weighing just over two pounds respectively. Doctors had tried to save the boy for 20 minute but saw no improvement. His heartbeat was nearly gone, and he’d stopped breathing. The baby had just moments to live.“I saw him gasp (大口嘴气), but the doctor said it was no use,” Kate told the Daily Mail five years later. “I know it sounds stupid, but if he was still gasping, that was a sign of life. I wasn’t going to give up easily.”Still, the Sydney couple knew this was likely goodbye. In an effort to cherish her last minutes with the tiny boy, Kate asked to hold him.“I wanted to meet him, and for him to know us, ” Kate told Today. “We’d resigned ourselves the fact that we were going to lose him, and we were just trying to make the most of those last, precious moments.”Kate unwrapped the boy, whom the couple had already named Jamie, from his hospital blanket and ordered David to take his Shirt off and join them in bed. The first-time parents wanted their son to be as warm as possible and hoped the skin-to-skin contact would improve his condition they then talked to him.“We were trying to let him stay, ” Kate told the Daily Mail. “We explained his name and that he had a twin that he had to look out for and that how hard we had tried to have him.”Then something unbelievable happened. Jamie gasped again and then he started breathing. Finally, he reached for his father’s finger.The couple’s lost boy had made it.“We’re the luckiest people in the world,” David told Today. Eight years later, Jamie and his sister, Emily, are happy and healthy. The Oggs only recently told the kids the story of their birth. “Emily hardy-held back her tears,” Kate said, “and she kept hugging Jamie with great affection. This whole experience makes you cherish them more.” “They widened their eyes as if there were an apple in their mouths bearing the miraculous experience,” David added. 4．What can we learn about the twins?A．They totally weighed less than 4 pounds.B．They have been in bad condition since birth.C．The couple attempted to save the boy but in vain.D．They came to the world nearly100 days earlier than expected.5．Which is the correct order of the following events?a. The dying boy went back to normal.b. The couple gave the boy a skin-to-skin contact.c. The couple made the case for his name to the boy.d. Doctors announced the approaching death of the boy.A．d-a-c-b B．d-b-c-a C．c-b-a-d D．d-c-a-b 6．How did Emily feel when told the story or their birth?A．Touched and challenged.B．Sad and confused.C．Astonished and bored.D．Surprised and moved.7．Which is a suitable title for the passage?A．A life-giving touch.B．A successful medical attention.C．A test from the God.D．First-time but devoted parents.We are all aware of the damaging pollution that’s created by driving petrol and diesel (柴油) vehicles. Many of the world’s cities are jammed with traffic, creating poisonous gases such as nitrogen oxides. The solution for a cleaner, greener future could be electric vehicles. But how optimistic should we be?There was much excitement last year when the UK government announced it will ban the sale of new petrol and diesel cars from 2030. But is that easier said than done?The road to global traffic being totally electric is still a long way off. Currently, battery life is an issue — a fully charged battery won’t take you as far as a full tank of petrol. Here are also limited numbers of charging points to plug an EV into.Of course, technology is always improving. Some of the biggest tech companies, like Google and Tesla, are spending huge amounts of money developing electric cars. And most of the big car manufacturers are now making them too. Colin Herron, a consultant on low-carbon vehicle technology, told the BBC: “The big leap forward will come with solid-state batteries, which will appear first in mobile phones and laptops before they progress cars. These will charge more quickly, and give cars a a bigger range.”Cost is another issue that may deter people switching to electric power. But some countries offer encouraging measures, such as cutting prices by reducing import taxes, and not charging for road tax and parking. Some also provide exclusive lanes for electric cars to be driven on, overtaking traditional cars which might be stuck in jams. These kinds of measures have made Norway the Country with the most electric cars per capita (人均) at more than thirty electric cars per 1,000 inhabitants.But Colin Herron warns that “electric motoring” doesn’t mean a zero-carbon future. 8．What makes global traffic difficult to be totally electric according to the second paragraph?A．A ban of the UK government.B．Lack of petrol.C．The small number of charging points.D．A low battery quality.9．According to Colin Herron, what can we learn?A．Solid-state batteries will allow electric cars to travel farther.B．Electric cars will indeed make for a zero-carbon future.C．Solid-state batteries will be initially employed in electric cars.D．Big progress has been made in laptops and mobile phones.10．What does the underlined word “deter” mean in the fourth paragraph?A．Block.B．Suggest.C．Leave.D．Catch.11．What will be most probably talked about next?A．The huge potential of electric cars.B．The unfavorable future of electric cars.C．The eagerness for a zero-carbon future.D．The reasons for not achieving a zero-carbon future.For most people, death is hard to think about. We tend to avoid the subject—involuntarily, even. The philosopher Stephen Cave offers one explanation for this avoidance in his 2012 book, Immorality. “Death,” he writes, “presents itself as both inevitable and impossible.” You can know rationally that you will die, yet struggle to understand your nonexistence. Put another way, you cannot be conscious of your own consciousnesses.So we dismiss death form our thoughts. But this leads us to make choice in life that actually reduce our happiness. People who express more regrets tend to be those who postpone profound activities that yield meaning, such as appreciating beauty or spending more time with loved ones. When we avoid thoughts of death, we unconsciously assume that tomorrow will look a lot like today, so we can do tomorrow what we could today. But when we focus on death, that increases the stakes at play in the present, and clarifies what we should do with our time.By forcing ourselves to think about death, our resources-use decisions change. I ask my 20-something graduate students to estimate how many Thanksgivings they realistically have left with their parents, and then to consider how they should spend those remaining occasions. This usually simulates a strong emotional reaction. But it can also alter such decisions as where they choose to live and work. This highlights that facing discomfort and thinking seriously about the impermanence of your mortal life are important for making decisions that enhance your happiness.There are other benefits. For example, paradoxical though it may seem, considering death can encourage positive thinking, as researchers found in 2007. People prepared to think about their death tended to focus on favorable emotional information around them, and to interpret random words in a pleasanter way. You begin to think extremely clearly, and realize that you have a choice about how to see present moment—and choose the positive.If you insist ignoring your own death, you are likely to make decisions that cause you to sleepwalk through life. You may not be dead yet, but you are not fully alive either. If you canlook across that border with resolve and confidence, you will experience every day fully and deeply.12．What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?A．People’s fear of death.B．People’s escape from death.C．People’s acceptance of death.D．People’s struggle against death. 13．What will happen to us if we don’t focus on death?A．Enjoying a lot more happiness.B．Taking better advantage of time.C．Postponing big things until tomorrow.D．Engaging in more meaningful activities.14．What’s the author’s purpose in mentioning his graduate students?A．To argue for the changes in making big decisions.B．To show doubts about facing discomfort of death.C．To compare students’ different attitudes to death.D．To argue against the necessity of considering death.15．What does the author suggest readers do in the passage?A．Avoid thinking about your death.B．Live a better life by ignoring death.C．Step away from death and live better.D．Think about your death and live better.二、七选五Report reveals CIA behind “Color Revolutions”Recently, the National Computer Virus Emergency Response Center released a report entitled Empire of Hacking: The US Central Intelligence Agency. 16 .According to statistics, the CIA has intervened (干预) in or attempted to overthrow at least 50 legitimate (合法的) governments and caused unrest in numerous other countries over the years, 17 . Examples of these interventions include the collapse of the socialist camp in the 1980s, the “Velvet Revolution”, “Rose Revolution”, “Orange Revolution”, “Tulip Revolution”, and “Snow Revolution” in various countries, and the “Green Revolution” and “Arab Spring”. Analyzing these events reveals that the successful organization of such “ColorRevolutions” depends on the use of communication and command technologies, in which the US is a leading power.18 . This facilitated the technological advances for US intelligence agencies to carry lout “Color Revolutions” abroad. The Internet also played a major role in the “Arab Spring”, with certain US-based multinational Internet companies actively intervening in the form of disinformation, support for anti-government actions, and other methods. 19 . Twitter and Google quickly created “Speak2Tweet” to help anti-government personnel in countries like Egypt and Tunisia maintain contact with the outside world. RAND developed “stampede”, a system that allowed proprietors to connect to the Internet, resulting in improved on-site command for demonstrations “RIOT”, a software that supports independent wireless broadband and anti-jamming Wi-Fi, was also developed to avoid censorship (审查) and surveillance (监视).The US Department of State also invested more than $ 30 million in the research and development of anti-censorship systems. 20 .A．though it has only admitted to sevenB．The Internet developed rapidly at that timeC．since these countries conducted “Color Revolutions”D．The US led the promotion of the Internet to the international market in the 1980sE．That the CIA has been secretly conducting “Color Revolutions” around the world for a long time is reportedF．Therefore, the CIA conducted several “Color Revolutions” worldwide with the help of these tools and technologiesG．These companies also provided encrypted (加密的) network communication services, such as TOR, to avoid censorship and surveillance三、完形填空faces. They looked unhappy. And I realized that I was one of them. Suddenly, I could noOver the years, I had grown more competitive due to the 25 of finishing my Ph.D．Those who could have been partners became competitors I disliked and the effect of this competition was exactly the 26 of what I had hoped for. I began to feel lonely and lost. I became less and less 27 in my scientific work. I hit my 28 point that day at the bus station. I had to end this. I emailed my professors, explaining that I had put the 29 first and myself second for too long.Shortly after I got back home, I started to receive some emails from my workmates — I guessed they expected me to join them again soon. After a few 30 asking how I was, in the emails many expressed their stress of academic life. Vulnerable (脆弱的) researchers were sticking their heads out of their shells (壳), seeking 31 . It occurred to me that we all 32 sometimes, and our vulnerability seemed so much alike that I 33 myself from all that had bothered me for days. 34 it can be win-win game, instead of one where one side gains while the other side loses. Working with others and asking for help doesn’t make my contributions 35 ; it means we can all succeed.21．A．store B．office C．station D．cafe shop 22．A．settle B．awaken C．disappear D．explode 23．A．reddish B．unique C．unfamiliar D．unsmiling 24．A．begin with B．get rid of C．proceed with D．get down to 25．A．response B．pressure C．commitment D．willingness 26．A．outcome B．opposite C．meaning D．alternative 27．A．responsible B．engaged C．aggressive D．productive 28．A．starting B．ending C．breaking D．boiling 29．A．fame B．honor C．partners D．occupation 30．A．lines B．jokes C．accounts D．greetings 31．A．help B．belief C．hardship D．answers 32．A．choked B．suffered C．relaxed D．hesitated 33．A．liberated B．discouraged C．protected D．excused 34．A．Actually B．Generally C．Eventually D．Fortunately 35．A．irregular B．improper C．illogical D．insignificant四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.Chinese civilization has been marked, in my humble opinion, by three distinct features: evolution with continuity, inclusiveness, and receiving and sharing the goods of civilization.China’s modernization process over the past four decades 36 (create) a new context 37 there is a partnership between the ancient and modern, gnerating something new and genuine. China is not a stranger to this evolutionary process. It adapted “socialism” to the Chinese context, devising socialism with Chinese characteristics taking into 38 (consider) the changing Chinese and world reality.With regard to inclusiveness, Chinese civilization has been open to positive outside inferences, 39 proved by the inclusion of Buddhism and Islam into Chinese society. China has always welcomed the positive aspects of other civilizations while contributing its civilization achievements 40 (enrich) other civilizations. Chinese music did not shy away from 41 (adopt) musical instruments from the Middle East, like the fantastic pipa, and making it 42 essential and beautiful part of Chinese musical culture.When it comes to sharing, one of the 43 (great) gifts China gave to the world through the ancient Silk Road was the technology of making paper on an industrial scale, which revolutionized the spread of science and philosophy in the Arab and Islamic world all the way to Europe beginning in the 8th century.This new technology 44 (be) as important then as the Internet is today for spreading of knowledge and communication. In Baghdad and other cultural centers during the Islamic renaissance (文艺复兴), there was a massive intellectual outpouring, which 45 the Chinese invention of paper, would have been limited in scope.五、申请信46．假定你是宏远中学学生李华，得知一个国际中学生组织将在长沙举办夏令营，正在招募志愿者。

2020届长沙市第一中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析

2020届长沙市第一中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABored with your life? Dreaming of something different? I always wonder what life would be like400 kmabove my head. That's where the International Space Station orbits the earth, with six astronauts living and working on board, for months at a time.How do they sleep? They spend the night floating in a sleeping bag inside a small cubicle (小隔间) on the ceiling. American astronaut Sunita Williams explains, “It's like a little phone booth, but it's pretty comfortable and it doesn't matter if I turn overand sleep upside down. I don't have any sensation (感觉) in my head that tells me I'm upside down.”Brushing your teeth in a place where you can't have a tap or a sink can be a challenge. Can you imagine the mess that running water would make in zero gravity? Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield uses a straw to put a big blob of water from a sealed bag onto an ordinary toothbrush and adds a little toothpaste which he has to swallow when he's done.Daily exercise is essential. The lack of gravity makes bones more fragile and muscles lose strength — so astronauts are encouraged to work out for at least two hours a day.The role of astronauts in the International Space Station is to act as lab technicians for scientists back on earth. So they spend their time maintaining their environment and performing and monitoring experiments in a confined space about the size of a Boeing 747. Almost every task is carefully planned by mission control — although most astronauts spend their first days losing things until they get used to sticking everything they use to the walls with Velcro, duct tape (强力胶带) or clips (夹子)．One of their most valued perks (额外待遇) is the view from “the office”, dominated by that gigantic blue ball down there, sitting in the darkness of space. Wow! Absolutely breathtaking!1. When they sleep upside down, the astronauts willnot get dizzy because ________.A. they don't feel itB. they sleep in the daytimeC. they sleep in special sleeping bagsD. they are trained to adapt to the conditions of weightlessness2. What parts become weak if astronauts don't exercise?A. Their teeth and bones.B. Their brains and bones.C. Their bones and muscles.D. Their teeth and muscles.3. What is the passage mainly about?A. The Problems We Met in Space.B. Living and Working in Space.C. How to Become an Astronaut.D. The International Space Station.BCigarettes aren’t just harmful when they’re being smoked. Even when cigarette ends go out and are cold, new research has found they continue to give off harmful chemicals in the air. In the first 24 hours alone, scientists say a used cigarette end will produce 14 percent of the nicotine (尼古丁) that an actively burning cigarette would produce.While most of these chemicals are released within a day of being put out,an analysis for the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) found the level of nicotine fell by just 50% five days later.“I was ly surprised,” since environmental engineer Dustin Poppendieck from the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). “The numbers are significant and could have important impacts when cigarette ends are dealt with indoors or in cars. While much attention has been paid to the health influence of first-hand, second-hand and now third-hand smoking, it is not the case when it comes to the actual cigarette end of the matter.”To measure emissions (排放) from this forgotten thing, Poppendieck and his team placed 2,100 cigarettes that were recently put out inside a special room. Once the ends weresealed away, the team measured eight chemicals commonly produced by cigarettes, four of which the FDA have their eye on for being harmful or potentially so.After setting the room’s temperature, the researchers tested how emissions changed under certain conditions. When the air temperature of the room was higher, for instance, they noticed the ends produced these chemicals at higher rates. This finding might discourage those who want to leave ashtrays (烟灰缸) out for days at a time, especially in the heat.4. What do the researchers say about cigarette ends?A They contain little nicotine.B. They produce no nicotine five days later.C. They give off nicotine for days.D. They create as much nicotine as burning cigarettes.5. What do Poppendieck’s words suggest?A. First-hand smoking does most harm.B. The findings are within his expectation.C. Cigarettes should be dealt with indoors.D. Health influence of cigarette ends is ignored.6. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to not cleaning ashtrays for days?A. Unclear.B. Disapproving.C. Unconcerned.D. Puzzled.7. What can be the best title for the text?A. Used Cigarette Ends Release Harmful ChemicalsB. Cigarettes Are More Harmful While Being SmokedC. Research Found Reasons For Cigarette Ends’ HarmD. Cigarette Ends Produce More Chemicals in the HeatCGuangzhououtbreak linked to strains inIndiaThe gene sequencing of the COVID-19 outbreak inGuangzhou.Guangdongprovince, indicates it is very similar in structure to the mutatedstrains detected inIndia, a senior health official from the city said on Sunday.“And it has the characteristic of quick spread.” Chen Bin, deputy director of the city's health commission, said at a news conference inGuangzhouon Sunday.She urged relevant departments and medical staff to act quickly to block the chain of infection and control the spread of the coronavirus in the southern metropolis.Zhang Zhoubin, deputy director of theGuangzhoucenter for disease control and prevention, said the strain of coronavirus spreads easily.“The virus can be spread through a meal or through a short period of indirect contact,” he said.The city reported five confirmed eases and 21 asymptomatic carriers as of 2 pm Sunday after the first con finned case was detected in the city's Liwan district on May 21, Chen said.To prevent the virus from spreading, the city government tightened its disease control and prevention measures over the weekend. Six communities and housing estates previously designated as low-risk areas were raised to medium-risk ones, Chen said.In addition to asking local residents to get vaccinated, the city has organized nucleic acid testing in Haizhu and Yuexiu districts starting from Sunday. Residents in specific areas of Tianhe, Baiyun and Panyu districts have also been required to take nucleic acid tests to expand the screening of suspected patients and asymptomatic carriers.Liwan previously required all its residents to take nucleic acid tests.As of Saturday, more than 2-25 million residents of the city have had samples collected for nucleic acid tests, Chen said. More than 10,000 medical workers from the entire city have been sent to Liwan to help vaccinate locals against COVID-19 and collect samples for nucleic acid testing.Deng Wenjun, director of circulation section with Guangzhou Supply and Marketing Cooperative, said there are sufficient supplies of food and daily necessities in the medium-risk areas.8. What is the characteristic of the COVID-19 which broke out inGuangzhou?A. It disappears quickly.B. It spreads fast.C. It has a lot to do with temperature.D. It has the same nature as the seasonal flu.9. Which district have residents who have not been required to take nucleic acid tests?A. Tianhe.B. Haizhu.C. Panyu.D. Zengcheng.10. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The virus can hardly be spread through a short period of indirect contact.B. There are 21 symptomatic carriers in the Liwan district as of 2 pm Sunday.C. All the people living in Liwan district arc previously asked to take nucleic acid tests.D. Supplies of food and daily necessities in the medium-risk areas arc still not enough.11. Where can you probably find this article?A. On a news website.B. In a fashion magazine.C. In a history book.D. In a travel journal.DTen years ago, I set out to examine luck. I wanted to know why some people were always in the right place at the right time, while others consistently experienced ill fortune. I placed advertisements in national newspapers asking for people who felt consistently lucky or unlucky. Hundreds of extraordinary men and women volunteered for my research. Over the years I have interviewed them, monitored their lives and had them take part in variousexperiments.In one of the experiments, I gave both lucky and unlucky people a newspaper, asking them to look through it and tell me how many photographs were inside. I had secretly placed a large message halfway through the newspaper, saying, “Tell the experimenter you have seen this and you will win $50.” This message took up half of the page and was written in type that was more than two inches high. It was staring everyone in the face, but the unlucky people tended to miss it and the lucky people tended to spot it.Unlucky people are generally more nervous than lucky people, and this anxiety affects their ability to notice the unexpected. As a result, they miss opportunities because they are too focused on looking for something else. They go to gatherings concentrating on finding their perfect partners and miss opportunities to make good friends. They look through newspapers determined to find certain types of job advertisements and miss other types of jobs.Lucky people are more relaxed and open, and therefore see what is there rather than just what they are looking for. My research eventually showed that lucky people are skilled at noticing opportunities, make lucky decisions by listening to their intuition (直觉), are open to new experiences, and adopt a never-say-die attitude that transforms bad luck into good luck.12. What’s the purpose of the author’s research?A. To discover what luck means to people.B. To find lucky people and unlucky people.C. To distinguish between good luck and bad luck.D. To figure out why people are always lucky or unlucky.13. Why did the unlucky people miss the message in the experiment?A. There was too much information to be read in detail.B. They were too focused on looking for photographs.C. It took too much time to go through newspapers.D. The words were too small to be noticed.14. What leads to lucky people’s good fortune?A. Their ability to spot opportunities.B. Their ability to become relaxed.C. Their ability to communicate.D. Their ability to make friends.15. What’s the key message of the last paragraph?A. What lucky people are looking for.B. How lucky people generate good luck.C. What lucky people can do with opportunities.D How lucky people transform bad luck into good luck.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

湖南省长沙市第一中学2021年高三高考模拟试卷(二)英语试题

A．Children can swim in the shallow water.
B．Athletic men who get hungry easily.
C．A family with two children under 10.
D．An aged couple with no shade tents.
4．Which of the following is one of the attractions of Kelleys Island State Park Beach? /
Main Street Beach
Main Street, Vermilion
Hale Waihona Puke No beach umbrella or chairs? No problem. This beach offers hourly rents of chairs, umbrellas, tables, shade tents and wheelchairs. And with downtown Vermilion only a block away，shops and restaurants are nicely within reach. Amenities include an observation deck and some benches. No lifeguards are on duty.
B．Nickel Plate Beach.
C．Main Street Beach.
D．Kelleys island State Park Beach.
3．Who will be more likely attracted by Nickel Plate Beach?

2020届湖南省长沙县第一中学高三英语二模试卷及参考答案

2020届湖南省长沙县第一中学高三英语二模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThree Things to Do Before You Are 18Are you bored with your daily life? Here are some things you should try before you are 18.★Learn to swimSeriously, this is so important that it can save your life. If you can’t swim well, you won’t be able to dowater sports like waterskiing, surfing and diving. Even taking a boat trip will be dangerous for you. Make sure you do it.★Try at least one kind of team sportsBeing a good team player is an important skill in life. You can’t just think of yourself, but have to work well with other people. Other advantages of team sports like basketball, football and baseball are that they keep you fit and healthy, and they are also great fun. Teams usually have a good social life too—you’ll go to lots of parties and make many friends.★Collect somethingOne of the best hobbies for under-18s is collecting things. You could collect kinds of stamps, or you could collect things that make you remember what you have done, like cinema tickets for films you have seen or letters from friends. The best way to collect is to have a special album to put your collection in and to write what each thing means to you. That way you won’t forget.1. The most important reason for learning to swim is that ________.A. you might feel wellB. it can make you healthyC. you might easily do lots of thingsD. it can save your life2. The writer tells us that one of the best hobbies is to ________ .A. collect somethingB. do some water sportsC. send letters to your friendsD. play basketball with your friends23. The passage is mainly about ________before you are 18.A. good habits to keepB. skills to haveC. things to doD. sports to playBBecoming famous is the dream of many, and Tian is getting closer to that dream.Tian, 30, is a white-collar worker inBeijing. On short video application Douyin, Tian has more than 2,000 fans. So far, she has received more than 50,000 likes on the Dubsmash-like app. On her page on Douyin, Tian shares everything, from her son’s daily activities, to her pet dogs, to little skits (段子) made up by her and her husband. “Making funny videos, and combining them with music is really interesting,” Tian said. “Of course, I make the videos for fun because it is quite relaxing.”China’s short video market has seen great growth, according to areport. The report said thatChina’s short video market was valued at 5.73 billion yuan ($900 million) in 2017, an increase of 184 percent. The industry value is expected to go up to the 30 billion mark in 2020. Companies like Tencent, Sohu and Iqiyi have all started providing short video content.“Short videos are popular because they are an addition to traditional audio and video content on the internet,” said Sun Jiashan with the Chinese National Academy of Arts.Fans say that the short videos help them “chill out” from a stressed-out lifestyle. “My favorite videos are all about pets,” said Zhou Na, a nurse inHefei, capital of East China’sAnhuiprovince. “After a whole day’s work, watching the 15-second videos makes me laugh, which reduces my pressure.”4. Why does Tian make short videos in Douyin?A. To get fun.B. To become a well-known person.C. To attract fans.D. To record her family’s routine.5. What’s Sun Jiashan’s opinion about short videos?A. They have huge value.B. They greatly reduce people’s pressure.C. They make people’s star dreams come true.D. They enrich internet audio and video content.6. What does the underlined words “chill out” probably mean?A. Catch a cold.B. Feel cold.C. Calm down.D. Become concerned.7. What does the passage mainly tell us?A. Every Chinese is using Douyin.B. China’s short video market is open.C. Douyin brings the Chinese great happiness.D.China’s short video market has developed rapidly.CEach year, the women of Olney and Liberal compete in an unusual footrace. Dressed in aprons (围裙) and headscarves, they wait at both towns’starting lines. Each woman holds a frying pan with one pancake inside. At the signal, the women flip (轻抛) pancakes and they’re off!This “pancake racing” tradition is said to have started on Shrove Tuesday, 1445, in Olney. Shrove Tuesday is the day beforethe Christian season of Lent (大斋戒) begins. During Lent, many people decide to give up sugary or fatty foods.Legend says that in 1445, an Olney woman was making pancakes to use up some of her sugar and cooking fats before Lent. She lost track of time and suddenly heard the church bells ring, signaling the beginning of the Shrove Tuesday service. Realizing that she was going to be late for church, she raced out the door still wearing her apron and headscarf and holding her frying pan with a pancake in it. In the following years, the woman’s neighbors imitated her dash to church, and pancake racing was born.The rules are simple. Racers must wear the traditional headscarf and apron. They must flip their pancakes twice - once before starting and once after crossing the finish line. After the race, there are Shrove Tuesday church services. Then Liberal and Olney connect through a video call to compare race times and declare a winner.In both towns, the races have grown into larger festivals. Olney’s festival is an all-day event starting with a big pancake breakfast. Liberal’s festival lasts four days and includes a parade, a talent show, and contests that feature eating and flipping pancakes. Although the women’s race is still the main event, both towns now hold additional races for boys and girls of all ages.8. How did pancake racing start?A. A woman in Olney created it.B. Women made pancakes before Lent.C. A woman dashed to church with a pancake.D. People followed the suit of an interesting incident.9. What should racers obey during the race?A. They can wear fashionable headscarves and aprons.B. They must flip their pancakes once in the race.C. They must flip their pancakes at the beginning of the race.D. They can flip their pancakes in the middle of the race.10. What can we learn about the race from the last paragraph?A. People can show their talent in Olney festival.B. People can enjoy a one-day holiday in Liberal.C. The race is not only intended for women now.D. People can have a big pancake breakfast in both towns.11. What is the text mainly about?A. The origin of pancake racing.B. The history of pancake racing.C. The development of pancake racing.D. The introduction to pancake racing.DA new study has discovered that meditation (冥想) and oxygen sport together reduce depression. The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination, done twice a week for only two months,reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent.“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non-depressed students,” said lead author Dr. Brandon Alderman. “It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect on combatingdepression. Alderman and Dr. Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training (MAP) enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport. They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing, enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention.Shors, who studies the productionof new brain cells in the hippocampus—part of the brain involved in memory and learning—says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive.The idea for the human intervention (干预) came fromher laboratory studies, she says, with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.By learning to focus their attention and exercise, people who are fighting depression can acquire new learningskills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past, Shors says.“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health.” said Alderman. “The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost.”12. What made the research so different?A. Adopting a way of meaningful talk.B. Combining the two behavioral ways to treat depression.C. Treating depression with special medicine.D. Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed.13. The underlined word “combating” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by ______.A. fightingB. identifyingC. distinguishingD. examining14. What did the participants do in the research?A. They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.B. They thought quietly and then took exercise.C. They took exercise longer than they thought.D. They took exercise while thinking quietly.15. What is Shors’ main purpose of her studies?A. To find out certain brain cells of humans.B. To study the production of new brain cells.C. To offer people a new method to treat stress.D. To decide the links between stress and exercise.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2024届湖南省长沙市第一中学高考适应性演练(一)英语试题

2024届湖南省长沙市第一中学高考适应性演练(一）英语试题一、听力选择题1. Who is the woman probably talking to?A．A car salesman.B．A customer.C．A repairman.2.A．Visiting a doctor.B．Caring for his father.C．Working in the ward.D．Undergoing an operation.3. Where does the conversation probably take place?A．In a supermarket.B．In a restaurant.C．In a hotel.4.A．He will continue to work in the garden himself.B．They should finish the work as soon as possible.C．He is tired of doing gardening on weekends.D．They can hire a gardener to do the work.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A．A noisy night.B．A place of living.C．Their sleeping habits.二、听力选择题6. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1. Who was ill last week?A．Mr Hudson.B．Mr Hudson’s mother.C．Mr Hudson’s son.2. What does the woman say about Mr Hudson?A．He is a very good worker.B．He is a person who cares nothing.C．He is a person who often gets angry.3. What may be the reason for Mr Hudson’s sadness?A．His problem at work.B．His manager wants to fire him.C．His son has brought him some trouble.7. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

湖南省长沙市第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期入学考试英语试题

湖南省长沙市第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期入学考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解James Dyson is the inventor of the cyclone(气旋) Dyson vacuum cleaner that completely transformed the way vacuum cleaners are designed. Traditional vacuum cleaners would suck up air and dust using a fan and then the dust was filtered by the pores(气孔) in the bag. The dust stayed in the bag and the air escaped. The problem with that design was that the pores in the bag very quickly get blocked with the dust, the air couldn’t escape and so the sucking power and cleaning efficiency drops.Dyson’s cyclone technology doesn’t use any bags at all. Air is sucked into a plastic cone-shaped object. The dust is separated from the air thanks to centrifugal forces(离心力). The dust falls to the bottom and is collected in a tray and pure air escapes. No blocking, no loss of suction and no smells.It took him 15 years of his life and over 5,000 prototypes working in his garage to come up with a working model! Completing the design of the cyclone cleaner was just the start of Dyson’s incredible story. You would think that the manufacturers of traditional cleaners would have been eager to do a deal with Dyson in order to license his superior product. — Wrong!From their short-sighted perspective, they didn’t want to pay Dyson licensing fees for his invention because that would reduce their net profit. In their opinion, they could just carry on with their inferior product and continue making their massive profits. They refused to do business with Dyson, certain that his invention would go away without their investment.Most people would have just given up there. Not Dyson. He made the decision to start his own manufacturing company and to beat them at their own game. In 1993, he set up a factory in the UK to produce the Dyson Dual Cyclone and then started advertising it directly to the British public using TV ads with the slogan “Say goodbye to the bag”. It was a huge success and went on to outsell cleaners made by the very same manufacturers that had rejected him. Sweet revenge.1．What is the major difference between Dyson’s product and other vacuum cleaners?A．It uses fewer bags.B．It produces less noise.C．It allows for the free flow of air.D．It sucks up air and dust using a fan. 2．Why didn’t the manufacturers cooperate with Dyson?A．Because the public were not interested in his ads.B．Because Dyson had already set up his own company.C．Because they believed his product was less profitable.D．Because they thought their existing products were superior.3．What qualities contributed to Dyson’s success?A．Teamwork spirit and generosity.B．Commitment and persistence.C．Integrity and kindness.D．Punctuality and creativity.Music makes life better in many ways. The fact that music can make a difficult task more tolerable may be why students often choose to listen to it while doing their homework. But is listening to music the smart choice for students who want to optimize their learning? A new study suggests that for some students, listening to music is a wise strategy, but for others, it isn’t. The effect of music on cognitive(认知的) functioning appears to depend partly on your personality — specifically, on your need for external stimulation.Researchers not only assessed listeners’ personality but also changed the difficulty of the task and the complexity of the music. Participants first completed a personality test used to determine the need for external stimulation. They then engaged in an easy cognitive task (searching for the letter A in lists of words) and a more challenging one (remembering word pairs). Participants finished both tasks under one of two sound conditions: (1) no music, (2) with music.The data suggest that for those with a high need of external stimulation, on the simple task of finding A’s, such subjects’ scores for the music condition were significantly worse than those for the silent condition. On the complex task of learning word pairs, their performance was worse whenever music was played. For those with a low need of external stimulation, however, on the simple task of findings A’s, such participants’ scores for the music condition were dramatically better than those for the silent condition. On the complex task of learning word pairs, the participants showed a small but reliable benefit when listening to music.According to the study, there are substantial individual differences in the impact of music on cognitive function, resulting in personalized recommendations regarding itspresence in the classroom. Students who are easily bored and who seek out stimulation should be cautious of adding music to the mix. On the other hand, students with a low need for stimulation may benefit significantly from the presence of music.With the right personality, the right music and the right task, the presence of music may significantly improve cognitive functioning. Given the benefits of music, subscription to Spotify just might pay for itself.4．What can we learn about the study in paragraph 2?A．It only involved the participants’ response to music.B．The difficulty of the two tasks decreased in the experiment.C．Participants completed two tasks when composing songs.D．Participants were grouped by their need for external stimulation.5．What can we infer from the results shown in paragraphs 3-4?A．The complexity of tasks might reduce the benefit of music.B．Students should listen to music when performing complex tasks.C．Students with less external stimulation perform badly with music.D．The presence of music suits students seeking for external stimulation.A．A psychology journal.B．A music platform.C．A travel guide.D．A personality test.7．What could be the best title for the article?A．Why is music essential in your study?B．Is music beneficial to your personality?C．Does music boost your cognitive performance?D．How can music affect your external stimulation?Geothermal(地热的) power generation is one of our most stable renewable energy resources. Heat generated below the Earth’s surface can provide an almost unlimited supply to power and heat homes. And while geothermal electricity only accounts for around one percent of global generation, that is set to at least triple by 2050.The Geysers in California is the world’s largest geothermal electricity complex. It produces enough electricity from its 18 power plants for 725,000 homes, totaling 20 percent of the state’s renewable energy. Superheated “dry steam” is channeled from a large sandstonereservoir heated by a large magma chamber(岩浆房) more than four miles beneath the surface.Heat is captured from its passage through the rock and the heated water converts into electricity. Cooled water is then recycled and pumped back to gather more heat. EGS (enhanced geothermal systems) technologies will open up many more sites for geothermal energy. “You can effectively put a power plant anywhere,” said Will Pettit, director of the Geothermal Resources Council. “All you have to do is drill(钻孔) deep enough and you will find hot rock.”Most geothermal plants actually use a flash steam technique, where hot water (at 360F or 180C) is drawn up, passed into lower pressure tanks and ‘flashed’ into steam to power a turbine(涡轮机). Binary cycle(双元循环) plants are the growth technology because they can operate at lower water temperatures and more diverse geographical locations. They use moderately hot water to heat a secondary fluid with a lower boiling point — as low as 135F — to drive turbines.Geothermal plants already emit 11 times less carbon dioxide per unit of electricity than the average US coal power plant. They can also operate 24 hours a day to provide a solid base load for homes and businesses.There are drawbacks too. Seismic activity around drilling wells is a factor. High investment costs are another. But the US government is backing the sector with multi-million dollar funds to push forward advanced EGS research. Geothermal energy is set to play a big part in the low-carbon electricity future.8．What do Will Pettit’s words suggest in paragraph 3?A．It takes great effort to develop geothermal power.B．Geothermal power development is money-consuming.C．Geothermal power plants can be set up in certain places.D．More geothermal energy can be found with advanced technology.9．What can be inferred from paragraph 4?A．Power plants are not affected by water.B．Hot water is used to power a turbine directly.C．Binary cycle plants are less restricted to locations.D．A flash steam technique is a must in geothermal plants.10．What is the main idea of the article?A．Traditional power has been replaced by geothermal power in America.B．Businesses are competing to gain an advantage in geothermal power.C．Geothermal power is likely to be the best chance to sustainable power.D．EGS technologies have come into widespread application around the world. 11．What is the writer’s attitude towards geothermal power?A．Optimistic.B．Pessimistic.C．Indifferent.D．Concerned.二、七选五As time goes on, neuroscientists learn more about the wonders of human brains. The deeper understanding offers ways to enhance your brain to work in your favor. You don’t have to be a brain scientist to do it! 12When you hear the word hack, you might be reminded of the snaky computer science term. Computer hackers need to understand the inner workings of a computer to break into its system. 13 They need to know how the brain works to change its neural network. With this knowledge, people have come up with ways to optimize brain performance and stick to healthier habits.Neurohackers use their knowledge of how the brain works to change though patterns, like daily habits. Doing this requires understanding the way habits form in the brain. Whenever you repeat a task, the brain connects its wires together between brain cells. Over time, these habits become hardwired into the brains. 14 They help carry out simple everyday tasks without much thought or attention. The trouble comes up when your brain wires unhealthy habits, such as negative self-talk.15 You need to rewire! And that requires mindfulness — a conscious awareness of your brain’s behaviors and patterns at the very moment when they occur. In this way, you can change those habits in the direction that you want.Below the conscious mind lives the subconscious, a deeper mental space that hosts what you have previously engraved into your mind. 16 Then, you can “hack” brain patterns, train thoughts toward positive circuits, and slowly develop healthier habits over time.A．Find out what neurohacking is.B．The same goes for neurohackers.C．Just learn how to hack your brain.D．How can you improve your mindfulness?E．How do you change those undesirable habits?F．Habits free up our brains so that we can learn new things.G．With proper practices, you’ll build a deeper awareness of your own brain.三、完形填空“I want you to drive home.”Sitting behind the steering wheel, his body looked tense and 19 . “Mom,” he said quietly, “I can’t do this. I’m not ready.”“It’s okay,” I said. “You’re 20 going to feel ready. At some point, you just have to go for it.”“No,” he took a deep breath and 21 my father’s words. “Don’t ever apologize for knowing your limits. You told me that!”For a brief moment, time 22 . I saw the very old photograph forever 23 in my memory. It shows my family standing arm in arm and 24 for the camera, with the then tallest roller coaster(过山车) we decided to ride together in the background. No one knew I was 25 terrified. I just didn’t want to be the one to stay behind. We 26 our way up the line and finally reached the end. Suddenly, my body was stiff with 27 , and I knew: I just couldn’t do it.Too 28 to face my family, I simply called over my shoulder to Dad that I was leaving. Dad asked me what happened. “I guess I was too chicken. Sorry.” What Dad said next 29 surprised me. “Don’t ever apologize for knowing your limits,” he said. “And don’t let someone make you do something you’re not comfortable with. I’m proud of you for the choice you made.” This was the exact 30 of what I expected him to say.Instantly, I understood exactly how my son felt. Knowing the limits isn’t an 31 of weakness. It’s actually a sign of strength.17．A．plugged in B．pulled over C．stepped in D．swung over18．A．traded B．provided C．shared D．refreshed 19．A．immature B．indifferent C．uncomfortable D．irrelevant 20．A．always B．surely C．forever D．never 21．A．expected B．wondered C．recalled D．imagined 22．A．passed B．faded C．froze D．flew 23．A．pressed B．drafted C．polished D．carved 24．A．looking B．applying C．smiling D．inquiring 25．A．scarcely B．secretly C．similarly D．still 26．A．inched B．found C．led D．bounced 27．A．regret B．fear C．sadness D．dizziness 28．A．embarrassed B．disappointed C．discouraged D．pessimistic 29．A．hardly B．completely C．normally D．rarely 30．A．remark B．comment C．comfort D．opposite 31．A．assumption B．introduction C．anticipation D．indication四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

2020届湖南省长沙县第一中学高三英语二模试题及答案

2020届湖南省长沙县第一中学高三英语二模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AShopping centers，stadiums and universities may soon have a new tool to help fight crime.ACaliforniacompany called Knightscope says its robots can predict and prevent crime. Knightscope says the goal is to reduce crime by half in areas the robots guard.William Santana Li is the chief executive officer of Knightscope. He says，"These robot security guards will change the world. Our planet has more than seven billion people on it. It's going to quickly get to nine billion people. The security equipmentthat we have globally is just not going to develop that fast. The company's Autonomous Data Machines can become the eyes and ears of law enforcement（执法）.""You want them to be machines plus humans. Let. the machines do the heavy and sometimes dangerous work and let the humans do the strategic decision-making work，so it's always working all together."The machines do not carry weapons but they have day and night video cameras which are able to turn 360 degrees and can also sense chemical and biological weapons.Some people may become concerned about their privacy, especially in connection with the video recordings. Some people may worry that such recordings will appear on the Internet. Eugene Volokh, a law professor at the UCLA School of Law, says the machines have to be used in the right way and it will be interesting to see how state laws deal with this kind of video.William Santana Li says there is a long waiting list for the robots in theUS. Workers in the company are working overtime to meet the demands of the market. At least 25 other countries are also interested in these robot security guards.1. What can this new tool do for humans?A. Make strategic decisions.B. Keep watching day and night.C. Carry heavy weapons.D. Stop crime autonomously.2. Why are some people worried about the new robots?A. Their privacy may be let out.B. The robots are very expensive.C. Robots will replace humans.D. They will be out of work soon.3. Which of the following can be the best title of the text?A. Robots Are Becoming More PopularB. Robots Contribute aLotto the WorldC. Robots Are in Great Demand NowD. Security Robots Could Help Cut CrimeBA world in which extinct creatures could be brought back to life came a step closer yesterday. Australian scientists have managed to extract a gene from a preserved sample of a Tasmanian tiger and make it active. Thebreakthroughhas left them dreaming that one day they will be able to recreate the animal, which died out more than 70 years ago. And if it can be done with the Tasmanian tiger, it may also be possible to resurrect (复活) creatures that have been extinct for far longer.“There used to be a time when extinction meant forever, but no more, ” said Professor Mike Archer. “We are now able to seriously challenge whether those animals that have gone for ever. What has been achieved is a very important step in bringing back those animals that are extinct. And while I think that technically it is still pretty difficult at the moment, we can now see the possibilities. I’m personally convinced that the Tasmanian tiger will be brought back to life in my lifetime.”The breakthrough came after nine years of experiments by scientists at the University of Melbourne, who extracted a gene from one of several tigers preserved in alcohol in a Melbourne museum. They removed the equivalent gene from a mouse embryo implanted the tiger gene and then watched as the mouse continued to grow normally, suggesting the tiger gene had been activated.Team leader Dr. Andrew Pask said it was the first time DNA from an extinct species had been used to “induce (引起) a functional response in another living organism”.However, the animal’s entire gene structure would have to be revived in the same way to even begin the possibility of bringing the Tasmanian tiger back from the dead.Mick Mooney, a wildlife officer ofthe Tasmanian Government, was worried that such developments could encourage people’s indifference to the protection of endangered species.“If people think that we can bring animals back to life after they’ve gone, they will start saying that there isnothing to worry about because we can fix it up later.”4. What does the underlined word “breakthrough” in the l paragraph refer to?A. Scientists have recreated new animals.B. Scientists have resurrected endangered animal.C. It has turned out that some creatures would not go extinct.D. A tiger gene has been extracted successfully and activated.5. Scientists are carrying out the experiments in order to ________.A. bring extinct animals back to lifeB. transplant the genes of tigers into other animalsC. find out what factors lead to the animals’ extinctionD. find a new way to extract animals’ DNA6. Mike Archer thinks that ________.A. scientists now have no technological difficulty reconnecting extinct animalsB. it’ll be a century or so before a Tasmanian tiger walks on the earth againC. humans have come closer in reconnecting extinct animalsD. reconnecting extinct animals is impossible7. We can learn from Mick Mooncy’s words that_________.A. he thought it unnecessary to worry about endangered animalsB. his opinion is in contrast with that of the Tasmanian GovernmentC. he thought people should be encouraged to protect endangered animalsD. he is concerned that bringing extinct animals back to life may have a negative effectCWe've all heard it before：to be successful, get out of bed early. After all, Apple CEO Tim Cook gets up at 3：45 am, Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne at 3：30 am and Richard Branson at 5：45 am﹣and, as we all know, "the early bird's catches the worm. "But just because some successful people wake up early, does that mean it's a trait most of them share？And if the idea of having exercised, planned your day, eaten breakfast, visualized and done one task before 8 am makes you want to roll over and hit snooze till next Saturday, are you really doomed to a less successful life？For about half of us, this isn't really an issue. It's estimated that some 50% of the population isn't really morning or evening﹣oriented, but somewhere in the middle. Roughly one in four of us, though, tend moretoward bright﹣eyed early risers, and another one in four are night owls. For them, the effects can go beyond falling asleep in front of the TV at 10 pm or being regularly late for work.Numerous studies have found that morning people are more self﹣directed and agreeable. And compared to night owls, they plan for the future more and have a better sense of well﹣being.Although morning types may achieve more academically, night owls tend to perform better on measures of memory, processing speed and cognitive（认知）ability, even when they have to perform those tasks in the morning. Night﹣time people are also more open and more creative. And one study shows that night owls areas healthy and wise as morning types﹣and a little bit wealthier.Still think the morning people sound more like CEO material？Don't set your alarm for 5 am Just yet. As it turns out, overhauling（全面改革）your sleep time may not have much effect"If people are left to their naturally preferred time, they feel much better. They say that they are much more productive. The mental capacity they have is much broader, " says Oxford University biologist Katharina Wulff. On the other hand, she says, pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful. When they wake early, for example, night owls are still producing melatonin（褪黑素）. "Then you disrupt it and push the body to be in the daytime mode. That can have lots of negative physiological consequence. " Wulff says, like a different sensitivity to insulin and glucose（葡萄糖）which can cause weight gain.8. What does the authordo in the first three paragraph？A. raising the problem→analyzing the problem → solving the problemB. leading in the topic→challenging a viewpoint → discussing about the topicC. presenting a viewpoint → providing supporting proofs→making a conclusionD. introducing a viewpoint →raising the question→presenting author's viewpoint9. What can we know from the 4th and 5th paragraph？A. Morning types tend to have clear goals and better mood.B. To beat night﹣time people ask them to do math calculation in themorning.C. Night owls tend to sacrifice their health for their wealth.D. Neither night owls nor morning persons perform better than the middle ones.10. Which of the following does Katharina Wulff support？A. Don't fall sleep in front of the TV.B. Avoid being regularly late for work.C. Stop setting your alarm for 5 am.D. Better not overhaul your sleep time.11. Why does the author write this article？A. To explain why some people are more successful.B.To compare the differences between early risersand night owls.C. To advise people to get up neither too early nor too late.D. To argue against this view that the Carly bird catches the worm.DI dropped out of college after my first year. Three years later, I returned to college after having been stuck in a dead-end job, working at a department store. I saw school as my way out. But I quickly found myself up against the same problems that had caused me to give up before. I was in over my head with college-level algebra (代数) and a heavy workload of reading and writing homework. In addition, I was still unsure of my career (职业) direction。

2020-2021学年长沙市第一中学高三英语二模试题及答案

2020-2021学年长沙市第一中学高三英语二模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AStaying-at-home proves to be effective in slowing the spread of the virus, but loneliness can be tough for many. Luckily, in the age of social media, we are never truly alone. And with the extra time spent indoors, artists are stepping up to help us all with the following clubs.Drawing from Distance by Sarah Beth MorganLet’s shine some light during this trying time and encourage social distancing! I’m starting this tomorrow myself — but from what I offer, take whatever you please. No rules! Just have fun!Stayathome Art Club byCarsonEllisHello! I’ll be posting art homework here every weekday morning when I can. They’ll be designed for kids and grownups alike. Here is your first homework: Draw a picture of yourself from the shoulders up. You can follow some useful examples. If you want to share or see other people’s self-picture, use these hashtags: #Stayathomeartclub# QACselfportrait30-Day indoor Art by Danielle KrysaOne month of avoiding crowds? I’m in! I challenge you to use this time inside to make one piece every day from now until mid April. Please join me in playing around with some painting ideas that have been rolling around in my head but haven’t found their way onto paper yet. Stay at home, make art, save someone’s life.DIY from Illustoria MagazineWe have been so inspired to see our community come together to provide easy art projects for families during this stay-at-home-time! DIY is actually a fantastic way tosparkyour imagination without breaking a sweat. A video every day will teach you how to DIY something.1. What do we know about Sarah Beth Morgan?A. She is a strict artist.B. She aims at training more artists.C. She prefers to work at home office.D. She will provide a wide range of choices.2. What are you expected to do if you join Stayathome Art Club?A. Hand in homework every day.B. Share other people’s pictures.C. Draw a picture of yourself.D. Show up in person occasionally.3. What does “spark”in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Set off.B. Set down.C. Set aside.D. Set about.BHidden beneath the surface in the roots of Earths astonishing and diverse plant life, there exists a biological superhighway linking together the members of the plant kingdom in what researchers call the "wood wide web".The network is comprised of thin threads of fungus (真菌) that grow outwards underground up to a few meters from its partnering plant, meaning that all of the plant life within a region likely connected to one another. The partnership is beneficial for both parties involved, plants provide carbohydrates (碳水化合物) to the funguses and in exchange, the funguses aid in gathering water and providing nutrients to its partnering plant.A study conducted by Rensen Zeng of theSouthChinaAgriculturalUniversityfound that this also allowed for plants to warn one another of potential harm. The study showed Broad Beans used the fungal network to spy on one another for upcoming danger.Like our Internet, this fungal connectivity is also full of crime. Some plants, such as Golden Marigolds have been found to release poisons into the network to slow down the growth of surrounding plants in the fight for water and light. Other plants, such as the Phantom Orchid, do not have the chlorophyll (叶绿素) and must get the necessary nutrients from surrounding plants.Research suggests that animals such as insects and worms may be able to detect slight exchanges of nutrients through the network, allowing them to more easily find delicious roots to feed on; however, this has not been conclusively made clear in experimentation. The more we learn about this phenomenon, the more our understanding of the plant life of our planet will continue to change. Perhaps one day, we may be able to map out these complex networks entirely.4. What is the function of the first paragraph?A.To explain the aim of the web.B. To introduce the main topic.C. To give definition of diverse life.D. To show the importance of plants.5. The criminal behavior of plants can be seen as a way to________.A. compete for survivalB. gather more waterC. take in sunlightD. break natural rules6. What does the last paragraph suggest?A. Animals can also feed on the fungus.B. Nutrient exchanges are too slight to detect.C. No experiment can prove the phenomenon.D. More needs to be done to work out the network.7. Which can be the best title for the text?A. The Partnership between PlantsB. The Unknown Roots of the EarthC. The Superhighway Linking the PlantsD. The Mysterious Map Changing the WorldCFor decades, an organization, called Ulum Dalska, based in a small Swedish town called Alvdalen, hasbeen working hard to help save a language called EIfdalian. Elfdalian sounds nothing like the country's national language, Swedish, which press secretary Bjorm Rehnstrom said affected the language about 100 years ago. At that point, Elfdalian declined. Ulla Schitt, also a Ulum Dalska member, experienced the change while growing up in Alvdalen.“My parents spoke Efdalian with each other, and with my grandma and my aunts and uncles and everyone around,”Schit said. “But when they turned to me, they spoke Swedish.” Schitt said her parents spoke Swedish with her because that's what was spoken in schools.But people are getting creative in the fight to change that trend. Musicians are creating new songs with Elfdalian. Several children's books were also translated into EIfdalian, including Le Petit Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupery. Additionally, Bjorm Rehnstrom helps run a popular Facebook group that offers courses in the Elfdalian language, where he offers lessons to the group's 1,800 global members from America, Australia, South America, Indonesia, Haiti and Cape Verde.The local government supports the teaching and preservation of Elfdalian. Bjom Rehnstrom said they eagerly paid for a sign that reads: “Welcome to Alvdalen” in Elfdalian. But the national government of Sweden is a different story. They currently consider Eidalian a dialect of Swedish, not its own language.Schitt said every time a language dies it is a sad moment. To her, losing Elfdalian would be an especially tragic (悲剧的) loss. “It's a part of our identity. It's part of our culture,” she said. “And if part of your identity and culture dies, a part of yourself dies.” Getting Elfdalian recognized as a language by the Swedish government, she added, is key to making sure that death doesn't come.8. Why was Ulum Dalska founded?A. To teach Swedish.B. To save Elfdalian.C. To improve Alvdalen.D. To help schools.9. Why Schitt's parents spoke Swedish with her?A. They could only speak Swedish fluently.B. Schitt longed to speak Swedish at home.C. Swedish was the language of schools.D. It was required by her school teachers,10. What can we infer from paragraph 4?A. Many people are trying to help to save Elfdalian.B. Songs in Elfdalian are becoming more popular.C. Le Petit Prince was translated into various languages.D. Courses in Eldalian are provided to the world freely.11. What does Schitt think of preserving Elfdalian?A. Satisfactory.B. Vital.C. Dangerous.D. Meaningless.DWilliam had worked hard to pass the exams to enter high school. When the term began, however, his father told him that there was no money to pay for his school fees because of the summer drought. Still, William wanted to learn.He made the village library his school. One day, he found a book calledUsing Energy. On the book’s cover was a picture of windmills, tall steel towers with blades (叶片) spinning like giant fans. He learned that wind—something of which his hometown had plenty—could produce electricity.He couldn’t help picturing his own windmill in mind, but collecting the parts and tools he needed would take months. In a junkyard, he dug through piles of used metal, old cars, and worn-out tractors, searching for anything that might help him construct his machine. He made four-foot-long blades from plastic pipe, which he melted over a fire, flattened out, and hardened with bamboo poles.Earning some money, he paid a blacksmith to attach the piston (活塞) to the pedal sprocket (踏板链轮) of anold bicycle frame. This would be the axle (轮轴) of the windmill. When the wind blew, the spinning blades would turn the bicycle wheel and spin a small dynamo (发电机), donated by his friend.When he had collected all the parts, William began putting them together. He fixed the blades to the tractor fan he found, using washers (垫圈) he’d made from bottle caps. Next he pushed the fan onto the piston joint to the bicycle frame. With the help of his two best friends, Williambuilt a 16-foot-tall tower from trunks of trees and lifted the ninety-pound windmill to the top.The big moments eventually came. He climbed up the tower and connected two wires that held a small bulb. As the wind whipped around him, the blades began to turn, slowly at first, then faster and faster. The light bulb flickered (闪烁), then flashed to life. The crowd cheered from below. “Wachitabwina (well done)!”William’s machine now powered his house. And the story of the boy who’d built a power-generating windmill to rescue his family from the drought spread across the Internet.12. After readingUsing Energy, what did William decide to do?A. Make use of wind.B. Enter a high school.C. Build a village library.D. Learn to survive a drought.13. According to Para.3, which of the following word can best describe William?A. Humorous.B. Determined.C. Cooperative.D. Friendly.14. What can you learn about William’s machine?A. It was built by villagers.B. It worked at the first attempt.C. It took him years to complete it.D. It was made from metal materials.15. What is the besttitle for the passage?A. Winds Of HopeB. Ideas Worth SpreadingC. Learning from ExperienceD. Windmills for Villages第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年长沙市第一中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析

2020年长沙市第一中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AHottest Travel DestinationsSometimes figuring out the best place to go can be difficult. Here are some hottest travel destinations that offer some of the most beautiful, artistic, and fashionable places on the globe.Ibiza, SpainWhile Ibiza is knownas a party city, there is far more to do in this historic town than simply drink and dance under the stars. Built mainly in the second century, it’s a world heritage site with architecture dating back to as early as the 7th century. Don’t miss Charo Ruiz, Ibiza’s most famous fashion brand. Plus, the Ibiza Fashion Festival takes place every June.Tangier, MoroccoKnown as the “door to Africa”, Tangier has a rich and complex history dating back thirty centuries. It has all the beauty of the natural world. After spending a morning sunbathing by the Mediterranean Sea, get in some amazing shopping and discover great deals on everything. Before you head home, stop off in Marakesh to visit some of the top Moroccan designers.Havana, CubaStepping onto the streets of Havana feels like stepping back in time. For a day of sightseeing, check out the remaining architecture of Old Havana, which was built ten centuries ago. You can easily do it with one of the area’s many walking tours. Or visit the Museum of Rum for a taste of the island’s most popular wine. You might come across a clothing shop offering some classic finds!Melbourne AustraliaBuilt largely during the 1850s gold rush, Melbourne remains as alive as ever. Make sure to check out the hottest Australian brands. Moreover, visit the Block Arcade in Collins Street to see some of the 19th century architectural details the world has to offer. And, if you want to catch the largest consumer fashion festival in the world, grab tickets for the yearly Virgin Australia Melbourne Fashion Festival.1.What can visitors do in both Ibiza and Havana?A.Taste local wine.B.Visit modern Museums.C.Appreciate ancient buildings.D.Enjoy parties under the stars.2.To attend the globally largest consumer fashion festival, you have to go to ________.A.SpainB.MoroccoC.Havana.D.Australia3.Which of the following cities is the oldest?A.Ibiza.B.Tangier.C.Havana.D.Melbourne.BIn June, 2021, a group of students from eight high schools in Winnipeg, the capital of Canada’s Manitoba province, will begin test-launching (试发射) a satellite the size of a Rubik’s cube.The one-kilogram Win-Cube satellite, named for its home city and its shape, will be put into low orbit. Once in space, it can perform for a few months or up to several years, communicating information that could help find the signs of earthquakes.There are 80 similar satellite projects worldwide, but this is the first high-school based program of its kind in Canada. 30 Manitoba high school students are having a hand in designing and building the satellite, in cooperation with aerospace (航空航天的) experts and 10 students from the University of Manitoba, and with support from two other organizations.The Win-Cube project is not something that goes on a piece of paper; it is real-world engineering, allowing high school students to have an opportunity to learn more about the exciting world of engineering through their participation in this challenging program. It is also taken as a wonderful example of the unique partnerships within Manitoba. Designing, building and launching a satellite with high-school participation will bring this world-class educational project into reality and Manitoba closer to space“These Manitoba high school students deserve congratulations for their enthusiasm, innovation (创新), and a strong love for discovery,” said Education, Citizenship and Youth Minister Peter Bjomson. “We want to make science more relevant, interesting and attractive to high school students by showing them how classroom studies can relate to practical experience in the workplace or, in this case, in space,” Bjomson added.The Win-Cube program is mainly aimed at inspiring a strong desire for discovery on the part of the students. It also shows Manitoba’s devotion to research and innovation and the development of a skilled workforce—all important drivers of knowledge-based economic growth.4. What can we learn from Mr. Bjomson? .A. Those Manitoba high school students are worth praising.B. The study of space can be practically made in classrooms.C. Manitoba high schools are famous for the study of space.D. Scientific research is too far away from high school students.5. What is the primary purpose of the project ? .A. To find the early signs of earthquakes.B. To relate studies to practical.C. To help high school students study real-world engineering.D. To inspire a strong desire for discovery among the students.6. According to the passage, what can we know about the Win-Cube satellite? .A. It is named after Manitoba and its shape.B. It is intended for international communication.C. It is designed like a Rubik’s cube both in shape and size.D. It is challenged by university students around the world.7. What may be the best title for the passage?A. Manitoba SchoolB. Win-Cube ProgramC. Space Co-operationD. Satellite LaunchingCSlowing down was the last thing on Elaine Schaefer's mind when she turned 70 last year. She'd enjoyed an ambitious travel schedule for the previous decade. She didn't feel too old to travel.Yet many people are asking that slightly embarrassing question: Can you be too old to travel? The travel industry has already responded. Try renting a car inEurope, for example. InCroatia, Schaefer wouldn't be able to this year, because the maximum age is 70. Insurance companies require higher rates; tour operators limit certain activities. That feels like a " no" for many travelers.Definitely some folks should think twice before traveling, but not only based on their age. It's their level of fitness, says Kirsten Veldman, a former tour guide who now edits a retirement blog. She recalls a 93-year-old who was disabled and traveling alone on aCaribbeantour. "You can't expect to ask a tour leader to be there for you 24/7 for medical care. " she says. "Tour guides don't have the time, skills, and knowledge for it. So, in this case, my advice is: he shouldn't have traveled with us in this situation. "But some tour operators serve older travelers. For example, Grand Circle Travel started in 1958 to serve seniormembers. “We have travelers into their 80s and even 90s. Some travel as a couple and some alone,” says company spokeswoman Ann Shannon. “We have no age limit.”If you ask travel experts, they'll tell you that age is just a number. It's a question of physical, and to a certain extent, mental ability. "Many of our travelers are retired, focused on keeping their good health, and are experienced travelers who have a good idea of what to expect, "says Sara Baer-Sinnott, president of Oldways, a food and nutrition nonprofit that operates tours. "Someone in their 40's may struggle more than someone in their 80s. "8. What is expected if Schaefer travels inCroatiathis year?A. She can rent a car to go around.B. She has to pay more insurance fees.C. She can join in all kinds of activities.D. She will receive 24/7 medical care.9. What caused Veldman to disapprove of the 93-year-old's traveling?A. His old age.B. His lack of money.C. His poor health.D. His in sociable personality.10. What do we know about Grand Circle Travel?A. It is a non-profit traveling organization.B. It offers service to a wide range of travelers.C. It has a history of more than seven decades.D. Its main customers are senior travelers.11. What is the authors altitude towards traveling old?A. Opposed.B. Supportive.C. Tolerant.D. Objective.DThere are three of us in the laboratory: Jules, me and Dr. Leonards. Leonards asks me to sit in front of Jules. As I do, he looks me in the eye and starts to move his face through a series of emotions-happy, confused, surprised, glaring. I'm attracted by his display, feeling delight when hegrinsand feeling serious when his eyes narrow angrily. None of this would be a surprise, of course, if Jules were a human. But he's a robot head on a table.The most special thing is that, consciously(有意识地), there's no mistaking Jules for a real person. Although he has surprisingly realistic skin, his eyes don't fit firmly against his lids, and he has a terrible hairpiece. Yet, as I walk into the room, I experience a complex worry of feeling in his direction. It's not at all like entering an empty space. It's a bit awkward for Jules’ shining false hair. Some unconscious part of me is responding to him as if he'sreal. This matters, because if we're to one day live comfortably along with robots , an understanding of how we instinctively(本能地) react to them is significant. The study of these issues is the frontier of a new scientific research; human-robot interaction.Jules was built as part of an attempt to understand the emotions that can be communicated by a human. “All the robots we'vebuilt so far don't have that rich emotions. We wanted to build a robotic face, with small motors that mimic(模仿) all the muscles you have, so we could discover what it could express. "Such research is becoming increasingly important, says Dr. Leonards, partly because our rapidly ageing population will soon need the help of robots with which they can effortlessly interact.12. What does the author think of Jules?A. He ignored him in his place.B. He didn't treat him as only a robot.C. He was afraid of his being there.D. He mistook him for a real person.13. What is the purpose to build such a robot?A. To help humans of old ages.B. To carry out a scientific research.C. To take the place of human labour.D. To make an interaction with human.14. What doesthe underlined word “grins” mean in Paragraph1?A. Smiles.B. Shakes.C. Worries.D. Cries.15. What may be the best title for the text?A. Human And RobotB. Success Of Making A RobotC. Robot Will Replace ManD. Difference Between Man And Robot第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

湖南省长沙市第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期月考卷(二)化学(含答案)

长沙市第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第二次月考化学时量：75分钟满分：100分可能用到的相对原子质量：H~l C~12 N～14 O~16 S~32 Cu～64 Ga～70一、选择题(本题共14小题，每小题3分，共42分。

每小题只有一项符合题目要求)1.材料科技与人类文明密切相关。

下列叙述正确的是A．玻璃是晶体，有固定的熔点B．天津大学研发的石墨烯芯片引领电子行业的新革命，石墨烯属于新型烯烃C．我国用于制造世界最大口径反射镜的碳化硅，属于新型无机非金属材料D．天宫二号使用的碳纤维是—种有机高分子材料2.下列化学用语表示正确的是A．晶态SiO2和非晶态SiO2衍射图谱对比：B．固体HF中的链状结构：C．二聚AlCl3中Al的杂化方式：sp3D．石墨的层状结构：3.基本概念和理论是化学思维的基石。

下列叙述不正确的是A．VSEPR理论认为VSEPR模型与分子的空间结构不一定相同B．电子云图中的小黑点越密，表示电子在核外空间出现的概率密度越大C．五彩斑斓的霓虹灯光，与原子核外电子跃迁有关，属于吸收光谐D．“电子气理论”可以解释金属晶体的延展性，导电性和导热性4.如图所示，下列装置合理的是A．图甲：可用于制备明矾晶体B．图乙：制取金属铝C．图丙：检验纯碱中含有钾元素D．图丁：实验室制备NH35.在N保护和搅拌下，向FeSO4溶液中加入适量NaOH溶液，得到少量Fe(OH)2沉淀，持续通N2升温至40℃，将气体切换为空气，浊液体系由浅绿色变深，形成蓝绿色沉淀Fe6(OH)12SO4(反应1)(Fe的价态有+2和+3)，继续通入空气，沉淀最后转化为黄色固体FeOOH(反应2)。

此时若停止通空气，向体系中补充适量NaOH并调控温度，FeOOH可以变为Fe6(OH)12SO4(反应3)，也可转化为黑色磁性物质(反应4)。

关于以上过程的说法错误的是SO+2H2O=2Fe6(OH)12SO4A．反应1：2Fe2++10Fe(OH)2+O2+22-4B．反应4中FeOOH被还原生成了Fe3O4C．Fe6(OH)12SO4中有2个+3价FeD．反应2中若生成3molFeOOH，转移3mole-6.某含铜催化剂的阴离子的结构如图所示。

湖南省长沙市第一中学2024-2025年高二上学期开学考试英语试题

湖南省长沙市第一中学2024-2025年高二上学期开学考试英语试题一、阅读理解Archaeology campEach summer, the Public Archaeology Facility ’s Community Archaeology Program offers a week - long program focused on archaeology for kids entering Grades 5 and 6. The program is taught by professional archaeologists from Binghamton University. Students will learn about the science of archaeology through hands -on , interactive classroom projects , laboratory tours, outdoor activities, and a visit to a local archaeological site.Our 2023 Research Site is the Whitney Point Bridge site. Broome County, New York. Dates : July 13-17, 2023Time: 8:30 am -4:30 pmTickets: $200 per participant ( a 10% discount before May 15,2023) The session is limited to 16 students to ensure the best educational setting.Participants will spend the first two days of the program learning about ancient cultures, archaeological concepts, and practicing fieldwork techniques, and artifact(人工制品) classification and preservation. Kids will take part in exciting activities in experimental and creative archaeology, including pottery (陶器) construction and a cross - country race.On the third and fourth days, participants will explore local historic sites long - covered by plants. and learn how archaeologists survey sites ‘ using direct mcasurements, digital cameras, careful notes, and hand - held GPS units. This trip will also provide an opportunity to learn more about the environment in which these sites were created.On the last day - the program will travel to a local historically significant archaecological site currently being excavated (挖掘) by the Public Archaeology Facility where students will observe professional excavations, Participants will be able to assist in some of the tasks at the site, including screening (筛查;甄别) for artifacts, note - taking, and site interpretation.1．What do we know about the archaeology camp ?A．It lasts for a whole month.B．Itis limited to a dozen kids.C．It is guided by university experts.D．It is intended for high school students.2．How much should two kids pay if they buy fickets before March 15,2023?A．$200.B．$360C．$380. D．$400.3．What will participants probably do on July 16, 2023?A．Conduct a survey in the field.B．Help reconstruct ancicnt objects.C．Observe professtonal excavations.D．Learn about artifact classification.Whether it be a person, an animal, or even an insect, a mother’s instincts (本能) are never wrong. This idea rings true for a mother cat who acted fast and sought out help when her kittens were in trouble. This mother cat’s quick thinking may have just saved her babies.In the urban district of Izmir in western Turkey, a cat walked into a regular hospital bolding a kitten in her mouth. As the mother cat moved through the hospital, people were surprised to see such a sight, but let her pass. The mother cat asked for help, crying for a long time. She was familiar to the hospital staff, who had been leaving her food and water outside, but they were unaware that she had given birth to kittens.The mother cat was concerned for her young because they weren’t able to open their eyes. After the doctors looked at the kittens, they noticed that they were suffering from eye infections. One of the doctors recalls, “We consulted with vets (兽医) and gave medicine as described. When the kittens opened their eyes a short time later, we were excited.” Later, they were sent to an animal hospital for further care. The cats are now up for adoption and will hopefully find loving forever homes.When it comes to mother cats and kittens, kittens completely depend on mothers for the first few months of their lives. Because they are blind and almost deaf until about two or three weeks old, the mother cat must protect them from any threat or danger. Without the mother cat’s help, the kittens may not make it to adulthood.As shown by the mother cat in Turkey, a mother’s love and protection knows no bounds.Whether the mom is a human or a cat, mothers will always look out for their babies and make sure they are safe and healthy.4．Why did the mother cat show up in the hospital?A．To beg for food.B．To get her babies treated.C．To express thanks.D．To give birth to her babies.5．How did the doctors help the baby cat?A．They built them a home.B．They adopted all of them.C．They operated on them immediately.D．They gave them right medicine.6．What makes newly-born cats dependent on their mothers?A．Their physical state.B．Their eating habit.C．Their appearance.D．Their behavior.7．What can we learn from the story?A．Love makes a difference.B．One good turn deserves another.C．Humans can live peacefully with animals.D．God helps those who help themselves.Most people enjoy variety. We like to eat different foods from meal to meal. We wear different clothes. We like to try new activities and visit new places. We become bored when there is little variety. Nevertheless, there’s one place where we tend to dislike variety, and that’s in each other. We often feel uncomfortable with people who practise different habits, or hold beliefs or values that we do not share.There are reasons for this. When we are exposed to new and different things, our brain works a bit harder than usual. When we’re learning, our nerve cells require more resources, such as water, salt, and various other chemicals. This extra metabolic (新陈代谢的) activity can feel unsettling and unpleasant. And it can feel worse if our nervous system is already under pressure, like in the midst of the pandemic.This sort of variation may be uncomfortable for individuals, but it’s critical to the survival of any species. If all finches (雀科鸣鸟) were identical, for example, and their environment changed in some significant, harmful ways, like an increase in the temperature or a decrease inwater, all of them would be equally affected and the species might become extinct. This insight into variation comes from Charles Darwin, and it’s known as population thinking. Most people associate Darwin with his evolutionary theory of natural selection, but population thinking may be an even greater scientific achievement. The idea of “survival of the fittest” implies that individuals must vary. Some are more suited than others for a given environment, making it easier for them to survive, grow, and reproduce. Variation is therefore a prerequisite for natural selection to work.Dealing with the vast variety of humankind can be demanding and even annoying at times, but it’s a good investment, sort of like exercise for your brain. When you meet someone who looks different or thinks differently from you, treat your discomfort as a cue to be curious and learn instead of a signal of a problem. Don’t hold the view that the other person should be silenced. Ultimately, this mindset can make you more flexible in adapting to challenging situations, and more adaptable to change.8．Which of the following might make people feel uncomfortable?A．Having an adventure in the wild.B．Taking a trip to a foreign country.C．Sharing traveling experiences with others.D．Socializing with people from diverse cultures.9．What does the second paragraph focus on?A．People’s unwillingness to deal with new things.B．The significance of learning new things in our life.C．The biological explanations for people’s discomfort.D．The role of the nervous system in learning new things.10．What does the underlined word “prerequisite” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A．Requirement.B．Substitute.C．Motivation.D．Challenge. 11．What does the writer mainly want to convey?A．Why we tend to chase and enjoy variation.B．How we can benefit from seeking variation.C．How we should treat the differences we find in others.D．Why we should get along with people different from us.Certain stem cells have a unique ability to move between growth compartments(隔间) in hair follicles(毛囊), but get stuck as people age and so lose their ability to mature and maintain hair color, a new study shows.Led by researchers from NYU Grossman School of Medicine, the new work focused on cells in the skin of mice and also found in humans called melanocyte stem cells, or McSCs. Hair color is controlled by whether nonfunctional but continually multiplying pools of McSCs within hair follicles get the signal to become mature cells that make the protein pigment(色素) responsible for color.The new study showed that McSCs are remarkably plastic. This means that during normal hair growth, such cells continually move back and forth between maturity and immaturity as they move between compartments of the developing hair follicle. It is inside these compartments that McSCs are exposed to different levels of maturity-influencing protein signals.The researchers found that as hair ages, comes off, and then repeatedly grows back, increasing numbers of McSCs get stuck in the stem cell compartment. They remain there, do not mature into the transit-amplifying state, and do not travel back to their original location in the germ compartment, where they regenerate into pigment cells.Specifically, the research team found that McSCs transform between their most primitive stem cell state and the next stage of their maturation, depending on their location.“Our study adds to our basic understanding of how McSCs work to color hair,”said study lead investigator Qi Sun, PhD, a postdoctoral fellow at NYU Langone Health. “The newfound mechanisms raise the possibility that the same fixed-positioning of McSCs may exist in humans. If so, it presents a potential pathway for changing over or preventing the graying of human hair by helping jammed cells to move again between developing hair follicle compartments.”12．What is the function of mature McSCs?A．Receiving maturity signal.B．Making protein pigments.C．Stopping hair from being colored.D．Sending maturity-influencing protein signals. 13．What determines the state of McSCs?A．Their quantity.B．Their growing time.C．Their size.D．Their position.14．What can be concluded from the study?A．Hair will stop growing as it ages.B．Gray hair will no longer mature.C．Stuck McSCs cause hair to turn gray.D．Gray hair can eventually grow normal. 15．What did Qi Sun express in the last paragraph?A．The potential application of the finding.B．The principle behind the result of the study.C．The basic understanding of McSCs.D．The possibility of developing hair follicle compartments.A large part of the world’s total sugar supply comes from beets. Most markets carry this sugar, but it may not always be clearly labeled. You may think the white sugar you just bought is made from sugarcane. 16Beets have been an important crop in human agriculture for centuries, with evidence of their planting dating back to ancient civilizations in Europe. However, it was not until the16th century that beets’ potential as a source of sugar was realized. 17 Later, they slowly spread to America.One key advantage of using beets for sugar is that compared to sugarcane, beets can be planted in cooler regions. 18 Beet sugar is also easier to produce. just requiring very basic processing. So in consideration of the cost-effective characteristics, beets are an attractive alternative to sugarcane.19 The initial step involves washing and cutting up the beets, followed by passing them through a machine that forces hot water past the beet pieces. The resulting juice is then combined with liquids squeezed from the beets. The mixture is then heated, leading to a thick, sweet liquid. Finally, the liquid is further processed to obtain beet sugar, which is chemically nearly identical to sugarcane sugar.The quantities of beet sugar and sugarcane sugar can be used equally in baking recipes.20 While some people are able to tell a difference, many others can’t tell whether a baked treat has been made with beet sugar or sugarcane sugar. So beet sugar sometimes can replace sugarcane sugar in a baking recipe.A．Beets can be easily processed.B．But its source may be actually beets.C．The flavour of baked goods is quite similar.D．Let’s look at how exactly to make beet sugar.E．In most cases, people tend to eat sugarcane sugar.F．Besides, beets are tougher and able to grow on land of poor quality.G．Therefore, beet sugar processing plants began to be built in Europe.二、完形填空Tineke Vanobbergen found herself torn when it was time for her to return to her job. As a new mom, she was anxious about 21 her baby. Although Alix’s dad, Kenny Deuss, would do fine, Tineke wanted 22 : a picture every single day.Kenny sent 23 photos for the first week — Alix sleeping, Alix eating… — and Tineke felt better. But Kenny was bored 24 the same shots over and over. So an idea 25 his mind.The next week, when Tineke opened her lunchtime photo, she got a(n) 26 . The picture was Alix in a 27 position in an astronaut suit with a sign to travel to the moon.“ 28 , I had to ask, ‘Can he sit?’ because he was only three months old,” said Tineke. But she quickly 29 that Kenny used digital editing software to make it look like baby Alix was sitting up all by himself, ready to rocket into space.Tineke then showed it to all her 30 , and the collective admiration that followed generated a regular 31 . So every Tuesday, Kenny would send a new photo 32 Alix in a digitally manipulated (修改过的；处理过的) seemingly worrisome situation.Kenny had lots of fun with the baby while posing him for 33 photos. So did the baby. This 34 dad was correcting the 35 in general — fathers cannot take care of children easily.21．A．giving up B．hearing from C．parting from D．bringing up 22．A．proof B．attention C．help D．advice 23．A．funny B．clear C．quality D．normal 24．A．describing B．texting C．collecting D．repairing 25．A．carried B．clouded C．obeyed D．occupied26．A．surprise B．explanation C．problem.D．award 27．A．standing B．running C．sitting D．lying 28．A．Actively B．Obviously C．Eventually D．Typically 29．A．determined B．ensured C．imagined D．perceived 30．A．relatives B．associates C．clients D．neighbors 31．A．visit B．program C．demand D．meeting 32．A．featuring B．recalling C．reporting D．testing 33．A．novel B．superior C．elegant D．thrilling 34．A．responsible B．curious C．experienced D．creative 35．A．debate B．misbelief C．conflict D．disadvantage三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

2021届湖南省长沙县第一中学高三英语二模试卷及答案

2021届湖南省长沙县第一中学高三英语二模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFour Best Hikes in the WorldThere's nothing like getting out and getting some fresh air on a hike. No matter whether your idea of a hike is a leisure walk or climbing the highest mountain on Earth, we've got you covered. Below are four best hikes inthe world.Torres del Paine W CircuitLocation (位置): Patagonia. ChileDistance: 37 + milesTime: 5~6 daysBest time to go: October to JanuaryThe W Circuit is one of the most recommended hikes you'll find. Not only will you appreciate the diverse landscapes and striking granite pillars (花岗岩柱子), but you'll probably meet some new friends along the way.Grand Canyon Rim - to - Rim HikeLocation: Arizona, the United StatesDistance: 48 milesTime: 1~3 daysBest time to go: May to June, September to OctoberThere's no better way to experience one of the greatest wonders in the world. Located in one of the USA's most beautiful parks, the views are ly appealing. Just make sure you're prepared for the challenge.Trek to PetraLocation: JordanDistance: 47 milesTime: 5~ 6 daysBest time to go: October to AprilTake the road less traveled through the Kingdom of Jordan and experience one of the seven wonders of the world. Hike through canyons, gorges and ridges, and see tombs and temples along the way all while avoidingcrowds of tourists.Yosemite Grand TraverseLocation: California, the United StatesDistance: 60 milesTime: 6~7 daysBest time to go: July to SeptemberKnown for some of the best hiking in the world, Yosemite National Park is famous for its views and huge sequoia (红杉) trees. Praised byNational Geographic, the Yosemite Grand Traverse will take you through waterfalls and green mountaintops.1.Which of the following is the best time for the hike in Patagonia, Chile?A.AprilB.MayC.AugustD.December2.Where should you go for a less crowded hike?A.JordanB.Patagonia, ChileC.Arizona, the United StatesD.California, the United States3.What can you do along the Yosemite Grand Traverse?A.Plant sequoia treesB.Appreciate waterfallsC.Visit local templesD.Climb granite pillarsBPaper is an important part of modern life. People use it in school, at work, to make artwork and books, to wrap presents and much more. Trees are the most common material for paper these days.So how do people make paper out of trees today? People first cut trees, load them onto trucks and bring them to a factory. Machines cut open the outer coverings of the trees, and cut the trees into pieces. Those pieces are boiled into a soup. After that, it is hit flat, dried and cut up into sheets of paper.The entire process, from planting a small tree to buying your school notebook, takes a very long time. Just growing the trees takes 10 to 20 years.Making tons of paper from trees can harm the planet. Humans cut down 80, 000 to 160,000 trees around the world every day, and use many of them to make paper. Some of those trees come from tree farms. But people also cut down forests for paper, which means that animals and birds lose their homes.Cutting forests down also contributes to climate change, and paper factories pollute the air. After you throw paper, it often takes the paper six to nine years to break down. That's why recycling is important. It saves a lot oftrees, slows climate change and helps protect endangered animals, birds and all creatures that rely on forests for their homes and food.So if paper isn't good for the environment, why don't people write on something else?The answer: They do. With computers, tablets and cellphones, people use much less paper than in the past. Maybe a day will come when we won't use paper at all — or will save it for very special books and artworks.4. What can we know about making paper out of trees?A. It costs much money.B. It takes a lot of time.C. It is very easy and fast.D. It is dangerous and difficult.5. What is the impact of paper production?A. It promotes the recycling.B. It does harm to the environment.C. It slows down the climate change.D. It protects the animals from losing homes.6. How will we use paper someday in the future according to the text?A. Use it for books only.B. Use the recycled paper.C. Treasure it occasionally.D. Use it for artworks.7. What idea does the author want to express from the text?A. The influence of making paper on environment.B. The wonderful experience of making paper.C. The necessary process of making paper.D. The good reasons for making paper.CSaroo Brierley, a 4-year-old boy, livedin ruralIndia. One day, he played with his brother along the rail line and fell asleep. When he woke up, he found himself alone. So he got on the train in front of him to search for his brother.That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city. He lived on the streets, and then in an orphanage (孤儿院), where he was adopted by an Australian family and taken to Tasmania.Brierley is a famous writer now, and in his new book,A Long Way Home, he wrote he couldn’t help but wonder about his hometown back inIndia. He remembered landmarks, but since he didn’t know his town’s name, finding a small neighborhood in a vast country seemed impossible.Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the program’s satellite pictures. In 2011, he came across something familiar. He studied it and realized he was looking at a town’s central business district from a bird’s-eye view. He thought, “On the right-hand side you should see the three-platform train station”—and there it was. “And on the left-hand side you should see a big fountain”—and there it was. Everything matched!Standing in front of the house where he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing at the entrance. It took him a few seconds but he finally remembered what she used to look like.In an interview Brierley says, “My mother came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, my eyes filled with tears and my brain blank. I just didn’t know what to say, because I never thought seeing my mother would ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her.”8. Why did Brierley get on the train when he was a little boy?A. To go back to his home.B. To look for his brother.C. To travel toTasmania.D. To follow a stranger.9. What made it difficult for Brierley to find his hometown?A. The vast area ofIndia.B. The fact that he was nobody then.C. His not remembering the town’s name.D. The distance betweenAustraliaand his hometown.10. How did Brierley find his hometown?A. By studying digital maps.B. By analyzing old pictures.C. By travelling all aroundIndia.D. By spreading his story via his book.11. What’s the best title of the passage?A. Love for MotherB. Union with BrotherC. Memory of HometownD. Long Way back HomeDMark Bertram lost the tips of two fingers at work in 2018 when his hand became trapped in a fan belt. “It’s life-changing but it’s not life-ending,”he says.After two surgeries and occupational therapy, Bertram decided to ask Eric Catalano, a tattoo artist, to create fingernail tattoos. The idea made everyone in the studio laugh—until they saw the final result. “The mood changed,” Catalano recalls from his Eternal Ink Tattoo Studio in Hecker, Illinois. “Everything turned from funny to wow.”Catalano posted a photo of the tattoos, and it eventually was viewed by millions of people around the world. The viral photo pushed Catalano, 40, further into the world of paramedical tattooing. Now people who want to cover their life-altering scars come from as far away as Ireland to visit his shop.Leslie Pollan, a dog breeder, was bitten on the face by a puppy. She underwent countless surgeries but those gave her no hope. She ultimately traveled six hours for a session with Catalano. HecamouflagedPollan’s lip scar, giving her back confidence.Though he is now known for his talent with intricate fingernail, Catalano uses the techniques he picked up years ago while helping breast cancer survivors. Those tattoos are among the most common paramedical requests. His grandmother had breast cancer, and her battle with the disease is one reason Catalano is so dedicated to helping those with the diagnosis.Catalano performs up to eight reconstructive tattoos each “Wellness Wednesday”. While he charges $100 per regular tattoo, he doesn’t charge for paramedical tattoos: A GoFundMe page established last year brought in more than $16,000, allowing Catalano to donate his work.“Financially, it doesn’t make sense,” Catalano says. “But every time I see emotions from my customers, I am 100 percent sure this is something that I can’t stop doing.”12. How did people in the studio react to Bertram’s idea at first?A. They took it lightly.B. They found it creative.C. They were confused.D. They were impressed.13. What does the underlined word “camouflaged” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Exposed.B. Hid.C. Ignored.D. Removed.14. What does Catalano say about his work with paramedical tattoos?A. It is flexible.B. It is demanding.C. It is profitable.D. It is rewarding.15. Which of the following can best describe Catalano?A. Humorous and experienced.B. Devoted and generous.C. Cooperative and grateful.D. Professional and tolerant.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2022届湖南省长沙市第一中学高三二模英语试题(5)

2022届湖南省长沙市第一中学高三二模英语试题(5)一、听力选择题1.A．To turn in the report.B．To look for a better typist.C．To type for the woman.D．To take the report to a typist.2.A．He has been stiff and sore for a week.B．He shouldn’t have too much physical exercise.C．He is supposed to do more office work.D．Jonny is not as strong as before.3. Why won’t the woman give the man directions?A．She is late for class.B．She isn’t familiar with the area.C．She has never heard of the community college.4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A．An exam.B．A book.C．A paper.5. How many times has the man seen the singer?A．Once.B．Twice.C．Three times.二、听力选择题6. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1. Why did the man make the phone call?A．To ask for a meeting.B．To have a discussion.C．To make a reservation.2. When will the speakers have dinner together?A．On Friday.B．On Saturday.C．On Sunday.7. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。

2022届湖南省长沙市第一中学高三二模英语试题

2022届湖南省长沙市第一中学高三二模英语试题一、听力选择题1. Where are the speakers probably?A．On a train.B．In a taxi.C．At a railway station.2. When does the man finish work on Monday?A．At 5:00 p.m.B．At 6:00 p.m.C．At 4:00 p.m.3. What does the man mean?A．He is going blind.B．He likes darkness.C．He can’t bear the strong light.4. What was Aims Pond originally?A．A TV show.B．A novel.C．A movie.5. What will the woman do for the man?A．Repair his bike.B．Drive him home.C．Lend him some cash.二、听力选择题6. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1. What does the woman want to prepare for her mother?A．A clean house.B．Some nice food.C．A comfortable chair.2. What does the man suggest the woman do?A．Feed the mouse with peanuts.B．Prepare a trap with glue on it.C．Go to a field to find a mouse.3. What kind of mouse does the woman think is in her house?A．A small mouse.B．A fat mouse.C．A friendly mouse.7. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

2022届湖南省长沙市第一中学高三二模英语试题

2022届湖南省长沙市第一中学高三二模英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Have you ever been into a cave? If not, please follow us and explore some of the most beautiful caves from around the world!Marble CavesLocated in the center of Lake General Carrera, the Marble Caves in Chico, Chile, are only accessible by boat. The surrounding crystal clear waters allow visitors to see the rock formations beneath them while the rock ceilings above change color(depending on the writer levels and the season). The best time to visit: during sunrise and sunset, when the sun’s rays light up the cave walls, making it an experience to remember.Reed Flute CaveReed F1ute Cave known as “the Palace of Natural Arts” is located in the northwest of Guilin in southern China.The limestone cave offers a grand fairyland of stalactites(钟乳石), stone pillars, stone curtains, birds, plants and animals in fantastic shapes and colors.Fingal’s CaveThis incredible sea cave is located on the uninhabited island of Staffa in Scotland. The cave’s size, shape, and naturally—arched(拱形的) roof combine with the waves to create strange sounds that enhance its cathedral—like atmosphere.The Blue GrottoThe Blue Grotto is the symbol of Capri. It is a sea cave found on the coast of the island and is a well-known spot to all who visit the area. This cave is unique for its brilliant blue light which comes from two sources: the entrance to the cave and a bigger hole beneath the entrance. When viewed from inside the cave, the entrance appears as a brilliant white light just above the waterline, while the underwater hole, which is the larger source of light, provides a blue light.1．Why is sunset the best time to visit Marble Caves?A．Because it has enough light in it.B．Because it has the most beautiful scenery.C．Because it is surrounded by clear waters.D．Because boats are only available at sunset.2．Which cave will you go to if you want to enjoy the strange sound?A．Reed F1ute Cave.B．Marble Caves.C．The Blue Grotto.D．Fingal’s Cave.3．What is special about the Blue Grotto?A．C1ear waters.B．Various birds and animals.C．Bright blue light.D．Strange shapes.A smiling panda and a walking Chinese lantern will be the mascots of the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics (残奥会）in Beijing .The mascots were known to the public on Sept.17, 2019 at a ceremony in Beijing . Beijing Mayor Chen Jining described them as adorable, unique , and exquisite (精致的）。

2022届湖南省长沙市第一中学高考模拟英语试卷(一)

2022届湖南省长沙市第一中学高考模拟英语试卷（一）学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Home to students from all over the world, IH London offers a truly international learning environment with English courses available for beginner, intermediate and advanced learners. If you want to advance your English, there is a wide range of courses that you can choose from.One-to-One EnglishEnglish level: Minimum AICourse content: This course is perfect for complete beginners and advanced learners alike because everything is tailored for your needs. You will define your learning outcomes with your teacher and they will create lessons based on your learning goals.General English for over 30’sEnglish level: Al and aboveCourse content: This course is designed for international adults aged 30 and over, who want to learn or improve their English, while exploring London and making new friends from all over the world. Lessons are based on a range of relevant and motivating materials. London is used as a resource, with learners putting their language into practice regularly while exploring London.General English 20 LessonsEnglish level: A2 and aboveCourse content: This is a great intensive course for all levels to improve your English, with an extra focus on speaking. Students will work together to explore and review grammar in context through role-plays. discussions and presentations. The topics, language areas and materials will reflect the interests and needs of the class.English for Future LeadersEnglish level: B2 and aboveCourse content: This course encourages students to explore contemporary leadership skills such as debating, critical thinking, and teamwork. Students work in groups with a mix of nationalities and will be split into project management groups to work through seminars and business challenges.Ifyouwouldliketoknowmoreinformation,***********************************. 1．What is the English level required by One-to-One English?A．B2 and above.B．A2 and above.C．Al and above.D．No requirements.2．Which course focuses on improving oral English?A．One-to-One English.B．General English for over 30's. C．General English 20 Lessons.D．English for Future Leaders.3．What is special about English for Future Leaders?A．It has age limits.B．It reviews grammar in various ways.C．It involves more than language skills.D．It allows students to design the course with teachers.My middle child was born and rushed to the newborn intensive care unit (ICU). I was shocked to learn that he was sick. Suddenly, my life was out of control. My husband and I with two full-time careers were dropping our 2-year-old at day care each morning before racing to visit our son at the hospital.“Let me know what I can do,” many of our loved ones said. Instead of reaching out, I withdrew and struggled to manage everything on my plate. Why did it feel awkward being on the receiving end of assistance?Being uncomfortable asking for help is an almost universal experience. We may worry about how embarrassing it will be if someone says no. We may also worry about how guilty we will feel if they say yes. “Do you see the person who asks for support as a burden?” I asked my mother. “No, of course not,” she said. “In fact, helping is one of the most rewarding experiences we can have.” Her words resonated(引起共鸣) with me. I was raised to be independent and to help others is something I’ve always enjoyed.I felt funny relying on people outside my inner circle. I thought leaning on my closest family and friends would be most comfortable, but they lived an hour or more away. Then the favors from others made me feel loved and supported. With them often taking care of meals and other areas of our lives, it was easier to focus and take in news from doctors.We all wish people could read our minds, know what we need and volunteer it. Actually, they have to understand that we need help, and know what kind you want them to give—thatmeans you really do have to ask. I’m now a pro at asking for help. I don’t only rely on my inner circle. I have a large community of resources—which benefits all of us.4．How did the author feel after her son was born?A．Calm and indifferent.B．Cheerful and thrilled.C．Surprised and determined.D．Astonished and overwhelmed.5．Why was the author not willing to receive others’ help at first?A．She was afraid of being a burden to others.B．She wanted to follow her mother’s advice.C．She was able to manage everything on her own.D．She felt embarrassed about sharing her privacy.6．What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 4 refer to?A．Doctors and nurses.B．The favors from others.C．Our closest family and friends.D．People outside my inner circle.7．What docs the author intend to convey?A．She is a pro at asking for help.B．Relying on our inner circle is essential.C．Asking for help may achieve a win-win outcome.D．Reading others’ minds is the key to offering help.Many people drink protein shakes regularly to lose weight, build muscle or both. Others, however, question the belief that protein shakes are better than normal, high-protein foods. So what is the truth?Protein shakes are dietary supplements (饮食补充剂) designed to help people consume more protein than they otherwise would. Protein shakes can be ready-made drinks. Besides, people can mix their own shakes using protein powder. Protein powder can be made from plants or animals. Plant-based protein shakes can include soy, pea or rice protein.Animal-based protein powder is usually made from cows’ milk. Those who want to avoid milk can also get protein powder made from egg whites.Studies indicate that consuming protein shakes is helpful if you want to build muscle. They can also improve your performance and help you recover while exercising. And if you’re losing weight, protein shakes can help to make sure that you don’t lose muscle.Consuming protein shakes can also help you lose weight. Eating a high-protein diet helps you feel full, so it’s easier to resist eating too much. High-protein diets can also make your body burn energy quickly. When you use more energy than you take in through food, you lose weight.However, you don’t have to drink protein shakes to have a high-protein diet. Many wholefoods are rich in protein. In fact, the people in many high-protein diet studies didn’t drink protein shakes. The studies proved the benefits of eating protein-rich foods. Moreover, these foods contain other natural nutrients besides protein. In contrast, many protein shakes contain sugar or artificial sweeteners, which are not healthy.To sum up, yes, protein shakes are convenient and they work. However, they are not your only choice for eating a high-protein diet.8．What’s paragraph 2 mainly about?A．What protein shakes are.B．How protein shakes arc made.C．Where protein shakes come from.D．Why people drink protein shakes.9．What can be inferred about consuming protein shakes?A．It can burn your fat directly.B．It is beneficial to your muscle.C．It can take the place of eating other food.D．It is the best choice for the people in a high-protein dict.10．Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?A．B．C．D．11．Which word best describes the author's attitude to protein shakes?A．Skeptical.B．Objective.C．Tolerant.D．Conservative.Every year thousands of people come to the city of Pamplona, in north-eastern Spain, for the opportunity to run for their lives as six fighting bulls are released to charge through the town. There are injuries and deaths every year, but the event is of interest to many people. A paper just published in Science describes the insight the event offers into the psychology of panicked crowds.That is a useful topic to explore. Arehitects, civil engineers and urban planners must try to work out how people will behave in the event of a disaster like a fire, a flood or a terrorist attack so they can design their creations to avoid potentially deadly collisions (碰撞). Unfortunately, solid information is hard to come by. Daniel Parisi, the paper’s lead author, realised that the Pamplona bull-runs offered the perfect natural experiment.Dr Parisi and his team went to two different rooftop locations in Pamplona in July 2019, and filmed the runners as the animals were released, Later in the lab, they calculated the speed of the runners, the density (密度) of the crowd, the probability of a runner tripping and falling and the relationship between runner-group density and speed.Perhaps unsurprisingly, the researchers found that runners picked up speed when the bulls drew near. Less expected was the finding that the speed of individual runners increased with the density of the crowd, which was contrary to a long-held assumption in architectural and urban-design circles that people will slow their pace as group density goes up, in order to lower the risk of a collision, which could lead to a fall and, perhaps, injury or death.Yet it seems that, in the heat of the moment, people pay little attention to the danger of colliding with each other, and do not slow down. The responsibility therefore falls upon urban designers to work out how best to plan the construction of future tunnels, bridges and other passages that restrict flow. The only option may well be to make them wider.12．What did Dr Parisi and his team do in Pamplona?A．They proved his theory.B．They recorded a bull-run.C．They watched a thrilling bull-fight.D．They designed a psychological experiment.13．What was the unexpected finding in the study?A．People slowed down in crowded areas.B．Tripping posed a danger to bull-runners.C．Bulls coming near made people running faster.D．People tended to speed up in high-density crowds.14．What is implied in the last paragraph?A．People lose their mind in disasters.B．Future tunnels and bridges may be wider.C．Panicked crowds are aware of the danger of collision.D．Restricting flow helps to prevent people colliding each other.15．Which is the best title for the text?A．How crowds react to panicB．Bull-runs caught on in SpainC．Dr Parisi’s finding shocks the worldD．What architects can learn from bull-running二、七选五The best long distance friends are the ones who know how to communicate well. As often as we move around for school, work or family, long distance friendships are a reality of adulthood.____16____, there’s no reason to let physical distance keep you from staying connected.Be explicit and intentional about keeping your long distance friendIf you want to keep people in your life, you have to tell them and be ready to put in the effort. Whether you’ve just moved away from your friend or you’ve been apart for years, long distance friendships require a mutual(互相的) commitment. That means reaching out, finding time to hang out, and showing your friend you value them.____17____.Use common interests to feel connectedDevelop an “anchor” for your friendship.____18____. Maybe you both love cooking, so you each send photos of the new dishes you make with a link to the recipe. Or you both love, let’s say, the HBO show Euphoria, and you text to discuss it after each episode comes out. It doesn’t really matter what it is, as long as it helps you initiate a connection.Don’t hesitate to reach out____19____. When phone calls won’t cut it, think about a visit. Visiting is one of the most important things you can do to keep a long distance friendship going.Address conflicts openlySeparation is hard. Miscommunication happens. And because there’s just a limited amount of time you get with your friend, it’s easy to let conflicts go unaddressed. In fact, addressing conflict is one of the ways you can become closer with your friend.____20____. It’s recommended to do it in a non-accusatory way. Then, ask your friend what their experience of the issue was and try to see things from both sides.A．But bringing issues up can feel scaryB．Remember that they treasure you as wellC．It is something that you have in commonD．Although friends are long-lost family membersE．Create the space to make your friend feel valuedF．Show your friend they don’t need to fear rejectionG．While they might require some planning and creativity to keep up三、完形填空If someone said they’d pay you 1,800 dollars to keep away from social media for six years, would you do it? Could you? Sivert Klefsaas did just that.Lorna, Sivert Klefsaas’s mother, was____21____by a challenge she heard on the radio called the “16 for 16”, where a mother gave her daughter 1,600 dollars when she turned 16 if she____22____social media. She decided to extend for two extra years and offered 200 dollars____23____.Sivert said it wasn’t that____24____to live without social media, and he didn’t think about it much during the six years. As a 12-year-old boy, Sivert said he wasn’t using social media much anyway. The only app he had prior to the____25____was Snapchat—which hedeleted a day after trying it out.“I would say there was____26____a point when I thought I was about to break without social media,” he said. “And as it went on, it was more of a pride thing.” He also had his friends to keep him up to date on the latest information or trends. “I got to avoid allthe____27____drama that was on there,” Sivert added. Lorna said she never had to check for any apps her son Sivert____28____downloaded. “He’s so____29____and he wanted to prove he could make it,” she said. It also meant he had more time to focus on his grades and sports instead.“We are certainly not against social media, yet it’s the_____30_____using of it that we care about,” Lorna noted. And her son had already decided on his first attempt at social media: getting Instagram. “There’s definitely a learning_____31_____,” Sivert said. “I see my friends _____32_____in their social media apps and I can’t do that quite well yet.”Having heard what Sivert said, Lorna added, “It’s about not letting yourselfget_____33_____down by it, or affected by the things people post online, oreven_____34_____to it.” To her satisfaction, she thinks her son now has a“different_____35_____” on social media than he would have at age 12.21．A．inspired B．encouraged C．advocated D．driven 22．A．stayed on B．stayed off C．stayed out D．stayed up 23．A．less B．most C．more D．least 24．A．common B．interesting C．difficult D．useful 25．A．barrier B．research C．game D．bet 26．A．seldom B．never C．ever D．even 27．A．awesome B．uncertain C．vital D．unnecessary 28．A．secretly B．publicly C．quietly D．cautiously 29．A．worried B．ashamed C．competitive D．delighted 30．A．constant B．accidental C．random D．healthy 31．A．condition B．process C．line D．result 32．A．excel B．hand C．get D．take 33．A．weighed B．put C．broken D．torn 34．A．applied B．addicted C．admitted D．exposed 35．A．beginning B．role C．impact D．view四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

2024学年湖南长沙市第一中学高考英语二模试卷(含解析)

2024学年湖南长沙市第一中学高考英语二模试卷考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。

2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。

3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．While watching television, ____.A．the doorbell rang B．we heard the doorbell ringC．there was someone knocking at the door D．the doorbell was ringing2．Sometimes smiles around the world ___________ be false, hiding other feelings like anger, fear or worry.A．can B．wouldC．should D．must3．Jane realized her ____ to become the first woman to run the 10,000 metres within 30 minutes.A．achievement B．commitmentC．competition D．ambition4．Whenever you ________ a present, you should think about it from the receiver’s point of view.A．bought B．have bought C．will buy D．buy5．The Lushan Mountain, occupying an area of 302 square kilometers, possesses rich cultural and geological __________.A．attractions B．amusements C．entertainments D．presentations6．Our English teacher is considerate，helpful，and warm-hearted，but sometimes she________________ be angry at our silly mistakes.A．should B．mustC．can D．shall7．Last year I applied to Princeton University．I ____ they would say yes—but they did, and now here I am．A．never think B．am never thinkingC．have never thought D．never thought8．The real reason why prices ____ , and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.A．were B．will beC．have been D．had been9．Will it be ages ______ he goes back to school? I'm so worried about him.A．before B．afterC．when D．as10．-Oh, we have finished our task and can have a good rest．- ________．Our manager took another order yesterday．A．Y es, it will B．I don't take much of itC．It's possible D．It's hard to say11．—He is eager to try something he has never tried before.—Oh, I see. That’s _______ he’s different from others.A．when B．where C．how D．what12．________ they choose Chinese company is that China has the most advanced technology of high speed railway in the world.A．When B．ThatC．Where D．Why13．We believe ________ you have been devoted to ________ naturally of great necessity.A．that; being B．all that; beC．that all; are D．what; is14．My new job _______ my travelling all over the country, which means I won’t be able to spend muc h time with my family.A．takes B．promises C．involves D．causes15．—What do you think of Betty?— Lovely，though she ______ be naughty sometimes．A．should B．mustC．can D．need16．–Let’s take a coffee break, shall we?–I wish I ________, but I have a really tight schedule.A．can B．shall C．could D．should17．For thousands of years,poetry the favorite type of literature for many in China.A．is B．has been C．was D．will be18．The importance ______ a national day and how it is celebrated are very different from country to country. A．connected to B．given to C．meaning to D．attached to19．—It’s really great to have a computer to store my photos.—Don’t count on it too much. It ________ break down and you’d better make a copy of them.A．must B．canC．should D．will20．In order to finish the work time,the man in charge decided to some more workers.A．give up B．take on C．look after D．find out第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

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