2013高考英语语法破解与练习:代词与介词
历年高考英语题 解析英语代词、冠词和介词语法
名师解析代词、冠词和介词考点一代词Ⅰ.语法填空考点聚焦考向1人称、物主与反身代词1.On my recent visit,I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by (it) mother.(2016·全国Ⅰ)答案its解析根据空格后的名词及上文中的a lively three-month-old twin可知要用形容词性物主代词。
2.A few hours before,I’d been at home in Hong Kong,with (it) choking smog.Here,the air was clean and fresh,even with the rain.(2015·全国Ⅰ)答案its解析空格后面有名词smog,故要使用形容词性物主代词。
3.Now it occurred to (he) that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.(2015·广东)答案him解析句意为:现在看来好像他的农场是非常有潜能的,奶牛的死也似乎给他带来了好运气。
It occurred to sb.that...某人突然想到……,固定句型,此句型中sb.为宾语,应用宾格形式,故填him。
4.Then the driver stood up and asked,“Did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted,“Oh dear! It’s (I).”(2014·新课标全国Ⅱ)答案me/mine解析此题答案不唯一,要根据语境仔细揣摩。
此处的it如果指前面的suitcase的话,那么此空需要使用名词性物主代词mine,表示“那个箱子是我的”;如果指前面的anyone的话,那么此空需要用I的宾格形式me,表示“是我在上一站丢失了手提箱”。
高考英语抢分法宝 02 代词+介词(解析版)
典例精讲 The main difference between our brains and those of monkeys is that
(we) are
bigger.
破解:考查物主代词。句意:我们的大脑和猴子的主要区别在于我们的大脑更大。分析句子可知,空格处
2. Each level of the forest forms
(it) own little world, home to different kinds of living things.(所给词的
3.考查反身代词:如果句中缺少宾语,且宾语与主语指代相同的人或物,则该空需要反身代词。 4.考查代词it:设空处充当形容主语或形式宾语、特殊句式或固定短语中。如 make it。 5.其它代词:近年高考语法填空较少涉及指示代词、不定代词、相互代词等。但2024年浙江省1月高 考涉及不定代词 ones。
escape. (所给词的适当形式填空)
(they)
【答案】their
【详解】考查代词。句意:震动停止的那一刻,布朗小姐感觉到这是全班同学逃生的最佳时机。根据句意
及英文提示可知,此处使用形容词性物主代词their*他们的”,作定语,修饰名词escape。make one's escape“逃
跑”。故填 their。
(they) rescue.
破解:考查考查形容词性物主代词。句意:令我们大为宽慰的是,军队立即前来营救他们。分析句子可知,
名词前应填入形容词性物主代词。come to one's rescue 是固代词为 their。故填 their。
易错点二:反身代词错用(反身代词和人称代词混用)
破解:考查形容词性物主代词。句意:当我看着这张我自己的照片……这张照片经常让我回想起高中时代 的许多美好回忆。修饰名词短语 high school days 用形容词性物主代词,故填 my。
(教师用书)高考英语一轮总复习 语法专项突破 考点精讲 第三节 介词和代词
第三节介词和代词(对应学生用书第234页)考点一常见介词的用法介词against,beyond,by,for,with,without,over,in,on,at,across,through 等介词是常考的介词,它们大部分都有多层含义,全面掌握这些介词的用法和意义,准确把握句子语境是解题的关键。
下面就几个含义较多、掌握较难的介词做一下介绍。
1.against意为“反对;对抗;违背;逆着;倚、靠;以……为背景”。
Our classroom building stood out clearly against the blue sky.蓝天清晰地衬托出我们的教学大楼。
2.beyond意为“在……的另一边;超出;非……所能及”。
The exercise was beyond the abilities of most of the class.这个练习超出了大多数学生的能力。
3.by意为“在……旁边;到……为止;按照;按……计算数量、报酬等;通过……方式;以……的幅度”。
Do you rent the camera by the hour or by the day? 你的照相机出租是按小时还是按天数算?4.with意为“和……在一起;带有;随着;用,凭借;关于;由于,因为”。
He woke up from a nightmare, trembling with fear. 他从噩梦中惊醒,因为恐惧而吓得发抖。
5.over意为“在……的正上方;多于;在……期间”。
We have something interesting to talk about over the meal.我们有很多感兴趣的事可以边吃边谈。
6.for意为“为了;支持,同意;因为,由于;就……而言”。
She is in her thirties but looks old for her age.她现在三十几岁,但是看起来比她实际年龄要老。
高考英语语法全解-介词+关系代词引导的定语从句(附精选例题+习题和解析)
语法由介词+关系代词引导的定语从句1. 介词+关系代词中介词的位置关系代词whom,which,whose在从句中作介词宾语时,可以跟介词一起放在从句与主句之间(that,who不可以),也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面,使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词。
例如:He is a man of rich experience, from whom much can be learned.=He is a man of rich experience, whom much can be learned from.他是个经验丰富的人,从他那里能学到很多。
The school in which he once worked is a key school.=The school (which/that) he once worked in is a key school.他曾经工作过的学校是一所重点学校。
The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions.=The manager whose company I'm working in pays much attention to improving our working conditions.我就职的那家公司的经理十分注意改善我们的工作条件。
2. 介词+关系代词的常见结构(1) 介词+which/whom例如:This is the famous singer about whom we have often talked.这就是那位我们经常谈论的著名歌唱家。
Fortunately we had a map, without which we would have got lost.很幸运,我们带了一张地图,如果没有的话,我们就会迷路了。
(完整版)高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法
高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法语法填空的考点或考查内容是:(1)纯空格题:通常考冠词、介词、代词和连词等四类词。
一个空格只能填一个单词。
(2)用括号中所给词填空:通常考动词、形容词和副词的比较等级、词类转换等。
一个空格可以填多个个单词语法填空以要求根据上下文填入一个以动词(verb)(或其适当形式)、名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、冠词(article)、介词(prep.)、情态动词(modal verbs)、连词(conj)或引导词、形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.) 考查各项语法内容。
考点一:冠词•无提示词•名词之前1. There once were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed [40]_ ___ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. (14一模)2.When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was [35]_ __ shy , nervous perfectionist. (15二模)3. …the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to [40]_ ___ small town some 20 kilometers away (12年)4. I still remember taking [22] ___ visiting friend from Canada to a local Black Country pub for lunch.考查语法点: 定冠词,不定冠词的用法[解题技巧]下列情况很可能填:(1)________+可数名词(单数);(2)________+形容词+可数名词(单数)。
高考英语一轮复习语法能力突破必备--代词与介词
考点三 反身代词
1.反身代词的形式和用法
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数 复数 单数 复数
单数
复数
反身代词 myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself,herself themselves
,itself
oneself也是反身代词。反身代词多在句中作宾语、表语或同位语。
2.it 作非人称代词的用法 (1)主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如: It’s quite warm at the moment. (2)用于某些句型。如: It’s time for sth.该做某事了。 It’s time to do sth.到该做某事的时候了。 It’s time for sb. to do sth.某人该做某事了。 It’s (about/high) time+that-从句.某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式,有时也 用“should+动词原形”)
人称代词的主格和宾格在句中作不同的成分,主格多作句子主语, 有时用作表语;宾格用在及物动词或介词后作宾语,也可作表语或 同位语。在口语中,常用人称代词的宾格作表语。
To really understand a man we must judge him in misfortune. -Napoleon 要真正了解一个人,我们必须要在不幸中考察他。-拿破仑
(2)用作形式宾语的重要句型 ①主语+think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...+it+adj./n. (for/of sb.) to do/从句 ②主语+think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep... +it+important/necessary/natural/essential+that... (should)... 点津: 某些及物动词或短语后不能直接跟从句。此时须先用it作形式宾语, 然后接从句, 有此用法的动词(短语)有:like, dislike, hate, appreciate, depend on, rely on, count on, see to等。 I believe it important to separate good failures from bad failures. I would appreciate it if you could help me to solve the technical problem. I hate it when people tell me that they are unemployed.
高考英语二轮专题复习 专题三 代词和介词
(6)every 与 not 连用,表示部分否定;each 和 not 连用表 示全部否定。如:
Every man is not honest.并非每个人都诚实。 Each man is not honest.这儿每个人都不诚实。
.
7.few, little, a few, a little (a)few+可数名词,(a)little+不可数名词 a few/a little 为肯定含义,还有一点 few/little 为否定含义,没有多少了。如: He has a few friends.他有几个朋友。 He has few friends.他几乎没有朋友。 We still have a little time.我们还有点时间。 There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。 固定搭配:only a few(=few)/not a few(=many)/quite a few(=many)/many a(=many)。如:
Twenty students were invited,but none have/has agreed to
come. ③在答语中,none 可单独使用。如: —Are there any pictures on the wall?墙上有画吗? —None.没有。
.
(2)few:一些,少数。few 作主语时,谓语动词用复数, 多用于肯定句。
.
3.one, that 和 it one 表示泛指,that 和 it 表示特指。one 指同类中的一个; that 与所指名词为同类,但不是同一个;it 与所指名词为“同 一个”。如: I can't find my hat.I think I must buy one.(同类中的一个)我 找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。 The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought.(同类但不同 物)你买的那顶帽子比我买的大。 I can't find my hat.I don't know where I put it.(同一物)我找 不到我的帽子了,我不知道我把它放在哪了。
高三高考英语语法专题复习之代词讲义教案(含练习答案)
学员编号:年级:高三课时数:学员姓名:辅导科目:英语学科教师:授课类型代词授课日期及时段教学内容考点解读1、思维导图形式先呈现整体框架概念及分类'人称代词:主格、宾格物主代词:形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词反身代词疑问代词it it/one代词彳指示代词(重点)<〔that/thosee every/each不定代词(重点)n nothing/nobody/noneL (the)other/others/another;相互代词2、重难点(讲解)重难点一:it与one的用法1.it的用法a.it不仅可指代某样东西,还可指代人(专指未知性别的人,如婴儿,门外敲门者或电话另一端未明确身份的人等。
)例如:Is it a boy or a girl? It's a girl.Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see who it is.b.it可指代时间、季节、地点、天气、距离、金钱等。
例如:I hope it is spring all the year round.It is no far from the school to my home.c.it用作形式主语或形式宾语。
例如:It is certain that food prices are going up.She soon found it possible to go to the fitness club regularly.2.one的用法one是不定代词,可代替前面出现的某个可数名词,复数为ones。
例如:I would like to have a digital camera, but I can 't afford one.There are only hard chocolates left; we ve eaten all the soft ones.重难点二:that与those的用法that替代被限定的、有定语修饰的名词;that可替代可数名词单数或不可数名词,指代可数名词复数时用those。
高考英语语法词汇专项突破:代词要点全解读+巩固训练(含高考真题)
高考英语语法词汇专项突破:代词考点专题全突破+巩固训练养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
[命题热点]代词结构种类很多,有人称代词、反身代词、物主代词、疑问代词、指示代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定式代词、替代词以及it等。
从命题角度看主要考查代词词义的区别,如that/one/it;代词功能的区别,如me, oneself, she, ours;含有代词的固定短语,如make it/give me five; 反身代词的用法,如help oneself, enjoy oneself; 比较中的代词用法;反义疑问句中的代词;不定代词用法;疑问代词与疑问副词辨析。
从历年高考题来看,不定代词和替代词的考查是重点。
试题设置了一定情景干扰,题干句的语法结构十分重要,重点考查考生在语境中灵活运用代词的能力。
考点1 人称代词的主格与宾格_____(I), too. I was a little stressed out about this new store, but now I'm feeling much more confident.详解:Me。
根据答句后面的I看出前面是第一人称单数,再根据单独使用得出用宾格代词代替主格代词,用Me。
高考英语_语法考点通关讲义:代词和介词、介词短语
第2讲代词和介词/介词短语(一) 代词[析考点·规律探密]真题体验透视命题规律授课提示:对应学生用书第12页近几年高考对代词的考查主要集中在代词的基本用法上,因此这类试题一般较为简单。
语法填空和短文改错对代词的考查主要集中在不定代词、反身代词、形容词性物主代词和代词的格等的用法上。
【考点练悟】(单句语法填空)1.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them(they) alive.2.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)However,the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months,more than 25,000 people were using it every day.3.(2017·浙江卷)“She thought I had hurt myself (I),”says Pahlsson.4.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by its (it) mother.5.(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)A few hours before, I'd been at home in Hong Kong, with its (it) choking smog.[规律总结]1.人称代词主格在句中只能作主语用,一般在纯空格题中考查。
2.人称代词宾格在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。
3.形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语。
4.名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,在句中可以作主语、宾语或表语。
高考英语语法填空介词、代词、连词、冠词和情态动词知识点汇总
④表示“关于”、“对于”cry over the silt milk
⑤表示“一面……,一面……”talk over a cup of tea
⑥表示“以上”、“超过”over and above, cost over £5
②表示“和”、“与”quarrel/argue with, go with, have nothing to do with
③表示“用”cut it with a knife, have no pen with which to write
④表示伴随状态walk with a stick, with no hat on
④表示理由、原因“因为”for fear of
⑤表示“代替,代表”substitute...for..., speak for
⑥表示“交换”(暗含一定的比例关系)translate word for word
⑦表示时间上、距离上,数量上的“历经……、多达……”for hours, last (for) one hour, run (for) a mile
⑦表示“关注”、“关照”look after, ask after you
above含义为“在……之上”,引申为“难于”、“所不及”、“超过”之意50 feet above sea level, above comprehension
under①表示“在……下”、“在……内部”、“在……脚下”under a tree, under a hill
分析:因these proverbs是名词,且不是作主,宾,表,前面很有可能填介词;句意是“在中国这些成语故事背后常常有有趣的故事”,表示“在......背后”,用介词behind。
高考英语 第三讲 代词和介词【高考复习课件】
“a/an+单数名词”;ones 用来替代前面出现的复数名词,有时 可用 that 代替(尤其在有后置定语的情况下);the ones 用来代替 前面特指的复数名词,有时可用 those 代替(尤其在有后置定语 的情况下);that 用来替代前面出现过的特指的单数可数名词或 特指的不可数名词,相当于“the+单数/不可数名词”。
3.another, other, the other, others 与 the others 的用法区别
不定代词 another other
the other others
意义
用法说明
再一个,另一个 指同类事物中的另一个,用作代词或形容词。
另外的
只作定语,常与复数名词或不可数名词连用;但如 果前面有 the, this, that, some, any, each, every, no, one 以及 my, your, his 等时,则可与单数名词连用。如: other students, every other day。
7.between 与 among (1)between 一般表示两者之间。 (2)among 用于三者或三者以上的中间。 注意:①有时虽然是三个以上的人或事物,但如果强调两 两相互间的关系,仍用 between。如: Agreements were made between the different countries. 不同国家之间达成了协议。
②在谈事物间的差别时,总是用 between。如: They don’t know the difference between wheat, oats and barley. 他们不知道小麦,燕麦与大麦之间的区别。
8.besides, except, but 与 except for (1)besides 指“除了……还有”,与 in addition to 同义。 (2)except 指“除……外”,不能放在句首。 (3)but 与 except 意思相近,常用在 no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything 等词和其他疑问词后面。 (4)except for 表示“除了……以外;要不是由于;只是”, 主要对前面所述的情况进行某种细节的修正。 9.as 与 like (1)as 指身份、资格,意为“作为”。 (2)like 意为“像……一样”。
高中英语代词讲解与练习附答案
高中英语代词讲解与练习附答案代词可以分为下列九类1 人称代词(personal pronouns): I You She2 物主代词(Possessive Pronouns): My, His3 自身代词(self pronouns): myself4. 相互代词(reciprocal pronouns): one another, each other5. 指示代词(demonstrative Pronouns):this, that, those, these6. 疑问代词(interrogative pronouns): who, whom, whose, what, which用来构成特殊问句的。
7. 关系代词(relative pronouns): who, whom, whose, that, which等引导定语从句的。
8. 连接代词(conjunctive pronouns):疑问代词都可以用作连接代词,来引起主语从句,宾语从句和表语从句。
9 不定代词(indefinite pronouns): all, each, both等一人称代词人称代词做主语时用主格,做宾语时用宾格。
在作表语时,用宾格较多,例如:Who is knocking at the door? --- It’s me.但在强调结构中却常用主格:It was he who did it.It is she who wants this clothes.在使用人称代词时有下面几点值得注意:1)she可以用来代表国家,船只,大地,月亮等。
e.g. I think England will do what she promised to do.2) 在并列的主语中,I总放在最后。
e.g. Mary and I will be in charge of the case.3) 第三人称,男女两性并用时,男先女后。
He and she still don’t agree to the plan.二物主代词1.1)表语Whose dictionary is this? ----it’s mine.2) 主语Ours is a big family.3) 宾语Let’s clean their room first and ours later.2. “of +名词性物主代词”可用作定语That car of hers is always breaking down.= Her car is …….三11)作宾语I can’t express myself in English.2) 作表语I am not quite myself these days. 我近来身体不大舒服。
高考英语专题2 代词和介词
高考AB卷
学法大视野
4.one,ones, the one, the ones, that,those, it作替代词时的区别 替代词 one 用 法 替代上文单数可数名词,表泛指,同类不同一,相当 于“a/an+单数名词” one的复数形式。替代上文出现的名词复数,表泛指, 同类不同一 替代上文出现的可数名词单数,表特指,同类不同一,
2.I don’t think these jackets are John’s and Tom’s.________
(they) must be in the next room. 3.Everybody is doing ________ (they) best for the four modernizations. 4.—Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.
高考AB卷
学法大视野
没有一个面包像这个通过自己的辛勤汗水挣来的一样甜。 【误】No bread eaten by man is so sweet as it earned by his own
labour.
【正】No bread eaten by man is so sweet as that earned by his own labour. 误点:______________________________
—Why ________ (I)?John is sitting there doing nothing.
高考AB卷
学法大视野
5.My grandpa still treats me like a child.He can’t imagine ________ (I)grown up.
三年高考(2013-2015)英语试题分项精析版——专题02 代词、介词和介词短语(解析版) .doc
2013---2015年高考英语分项解析精编版专题2 代词、介词和介词短语1.【2015·重庆】2. The meeting will be held in September, but____ knows the date for sure.A.everybodyB. nobodyC. anybodyD. somebody2.【2015·重庆】st year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃____ the average.A. belowB. onC. atD. above【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:去年是有纪录以来最热的一年,全球平均气温上升0.68度。
With 的宾语global temperature ,宾语补足above the average。
【考点定位】考查介词。
【名师点睛】with的复合结构中,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词和代词充当,第二部分补足语由形容词,副词,介词短语,动词不定式或分词充当。
而本题考查with +名词/代词+介词短语,而介词的使用则根据当时语境的提示来做出相应的变化即句中的the warmest year on record起重要作用,可知高出平均气温。
3.【2015·浙江】3. Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea?A. aboutB. toC. withD. over【答案】B4.【2015·浙江】12. How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?A. themB. oneC. thoseD. it5.【2015·浙江】17. These comments came specific questions often asked by local newsmen.A. in memory ofB. in response toC. in touch withD. in possession of【答案】B【解析】6.【2015·天津】2. The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.A. thatB. oneC. itD. this7.【2015·浙江】10. Most people work because it’s unavoidable. , there are some people who actually enjoy work.A. As a resultB. In additionC. By contrastD. In conclusion【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:很多人工作是因为这是不可避免的,相反,有一些人是的确喜欢工作的。
高考语法分类:介词和代词小结(有讲解以及最新试题解析)
介词和代词小结考点一介词1.常见的几组名词和介词的搭配:attention to对……的注意;devotion to对……的奉献;a visit to 对……的访问;interest in对……的兴趣;comments on 对……的评论;application for对……的申请;an influence on 对……的影响;confidence in 对……的信心;contact with 与……的联系He should be admired for his devotion to improving education.他对改善教育作出的贡献应该得到赞扬。
2.动词与介词搭配的短语比较多,需要在平时的学习中逐一记忆。
dream of 梦想;insist on 坚持;depend on依靠;belong to 属于;lead to导致;deal with处理;argue about争论;call on 拜访;refer to提到The man insisted on finding a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.即使我告诉他我住在附近,这个人坚决主张给我找一辆出租车。
3.介词短语in spite of尽管;in the form of 以……的形式;in addition to除……之外还;in vain 徒劳的;in terms of 就……而言;in exchange for 交换……;far from 远非The art show was far from being a failure;it was a great success.艺术展览根本谈不上失败,而是十分成功的。
His efforts to raise money for his program were in vain because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.他为自己的项目筹钱的努力是徒劳的,因为没有人愿意拿出哪怕是一分钱。