Doris Lessing
介绍多丽丝·莱辛Doris Lessing 英文版
Introduction
Introduction of the author Personal life
Honor award
Main compositions
作家简介
• 多丽丝· 莱辛，CH，OBE（英语：Doris Lessing，1919年10月22日－），英国女作 家，代表作有《金色笔记》等，被誉为继 伍尔芙之后最伟大的女性作家，并几次获 得诺贝尔文学奖提名以及多个世界级文学 奖项。2007年获诺贝尔文学奖。她是迄今 为止获奖时最年长的女性诺贝尔获奖者。 此外她是历来第卅四位女性诺贝尔奖得主， 在文学奖则是第十一位。
主要作品
Grass is Singing' (1950) 《青草在歌唱》 Fiv‘ (short stories) (1953)《短篇小说五篇》，获得毛姆文学奖 The Children of Violenc' Series 《暴力的孩子们》五部曲(1952-1969) Martha Ques'《玛莎· 奎斯特》 (1952) A Proper Marriag'《良缘》 (1954)) A Ripple from the Stor') 《风暴的余波》 (1958) Landlocke'《被陆地围住的》 (1965) The Four-Gated Cit'《四门之城》 (1969) Going Hom' (memoir) (1957) The Habit of Lovin' (collection) (1957) Win' (short story) (1957) In Pursuit of the Englis' (nonfiction) (1960) Golden Notebook‘ 《金色笔记》 (1962)被公认是莱辛的代表作 Cat Tales猫系列： Particularly Cat'《特别的猫》 (stories & nonfiction) (1967) Particularly Cats and Rufus the Survivo'《猫语录》 (1学奖(Somerset Maugham Award) (1954年)
Doris+Lessing
我总是惊讶于我们自动寻找我们的分歧和分离的 方式。 我们从来不看什么人都有共同的... 这是一 种疾病的心思，我看到它的方式。
Background
Doris Lessing was born in Kermanshah, Persia (Iran), on October 22, 1919. In 1925 Lessing‘s family moved to Southern Rhodesia. Lessing‘s childhood was spent in the hills near the farm. She attended convent school(修道院学校) until an eye problem forced her to drop out at age 14. At that point her self-education began, mostly with the reading of the major nineteenth-century Russian, French, and English novelists.
The Golden Notebook is considered a feminist classic by some scholars, but the author herself wrote that its theme of mental breakdowns as a means of healing and freeing one's self from illusions had been overlooked by critics. She also regretted that critics failed to appreciate the exceptional structure of the novel.
Doris Lessing总
Spirit life
The Golden Notebook(1962)
III: The Miserable Children
Ben
Freak
The Fifth Child(1988)
IV: The Lonely Old
BilHenry
Love, Again(1996)
Doris Lessing
-- A Feminist?
One Woman, Many Facets
“…that epicist of the female experience, who with skepticism, fire and visionary power has subjected a divided civilization to scrutiny. ” -- Nobel Prize Committee
Memory of time
• Flashes of memory, stories without beginnings or ends. • In childhood, people, animals, events appear, are accepted, vanish, with no explanation offered or asked for. Doris Lessing
Swedish Academy: Epicist of the female experience, who with skepticism, fire , and visionary power has subjected a divided civilization to scrutiny. （女性经 验的史诗作者，以其怀疑的态度、激情 和远见，清楚地剖析了一个分裂的文 化。）
Doris Lessing
Biography
The Nobel Committee referred to Lessing as "that epicist of the female experience, who with scepticism, fire and visionary power has subjected a divided civilization to scrutiny." “那位描写女性经历的史诗作 家，以怀疑的态度、炽烈的热 情和深邃的洞察力仔细地审视 了一个分裂的文明。”
Lessing’s fiction is commonly devided into three distinct phases: The communist theme in the 1950’s(when she was writing radically on social issues) The psychological theme (writing sth. about the inner world of women and sometimes concerning anti-communism theme in the 1960’s The Sufi theme after 1970’s 伊斯兰苏菲 派（神秘主义和禁欲主义）(which was explored in a science fiction setting in the Canopus series (老人星系列）
Major Works
The Golden Notebook (1962) , a landmark of Women's Movement.
Children of Violence (1952-1969),
Doris-Lessing-英国文学
The Grass is Singing
1974
03
04
1996
Love,again
Memoirs of a Survivor
BBC评论的一百本最棒的英国小说之一
Novels
《野草在歌唱》The Grass is Singing 1950（first novel） 《这原是老酋长的国度》This Was the Old Chief's Country 1951 《短篇小说五篇》Five short stories 1953 《暴力的孩子们》Children of Violence Series 1952-1969 《金色笔记》The Golden Notebook 1962（representative work） 《特别的猫》Particularly Cats 1967 《又来了，爱情》Love, Again1996 《猫语录:大帅猫的晚年》The Old Age of El Magnifico2000
work, The Golden Notebook, was written in 1962. By the time of her death, more than 50 of her novels had been published.
自南非白人政权自1956年 The Grass is 起，莱辛就被禁止前往南 Singing 非地区。一直到白人政权 倒台以后的 1995年，她才 1950 得以重访南非，中间相隔 的时间是40年。1994年4 月，非国大在南非首次不 分种族的大选中获胜。同 年5月，曼德拉成为南非 第一位黑人总统。 She died on 17 November，aged 94, at her home in London,
Doris-lessing精华版
Sufi
苏菲派 - 伊斯兰伟大的神秘主义运动 苏菲派（Sufeiyah),10-11世纪伊斯兰教中出出现的 一种神秘主义和禁欲主义的派别。“苏菲”（Sufei) 一词来源于阿拉伯语“苏夫”（suf)即羊毛。因该 派教徒常穿着粗制的毛织衣服，以示俭朴，故名。 在伊斯兰教初期，有些教徒不满于教内的世俗化倾 向以及教法，教义学的纯形式主义，实行禁欲苦修。 苏菲派就是从这种禁欲主义演化而来。
Literary movement
Lessing’s fiction is commonly divided into three distinct phases: The communist theme in the 1950’s(when she was writing radically on social issues) The psychological theme (writing something about the inner world of women and sometimes concerning anti-communism theme in the 1960’s The Sufi theme after 1970’s 伊斯兰苏菲派（神秘主 义和禁欲主义）(which was explored in a science fiction setting in the Canopus series (老人星系列）
Major Works
The Communist （共产主义）theme:
The Grass is Singing 《野草在歌唱》 The Golden Notebook 《金色笔记本》
The Children of Violence series
多丽丝
多丽丝·莱辛论文：多丽丝·莱辛女性主义视角独特性【中文摘要】当代英国女作家多丽丝·莱辛(Doris Lessing,1919一)被称为是“继伍尔夫之后最伟大的女作家”,并于2007年获得诺贝尔文学奖。
莱辛的作品风格独特、内容深邃、主题丰富,表达了对时代、女性、环境、人类生存状态等的关注和忧虑。
国内外论述莱辛女性思想的论著数不胜数,这些研究均通过文本分析来透视其女性主义思想,但是却没有把莱辛与传统女性主义区别开来,也没有看到她在自己作品中展现女性视角的独特性。
本文主要从以下几个方面分析莱辛作品中女性主义思想的独特性：第部分介绍莱辛文学作品的女性主义思想特色,通过简要回顾莱辛的生活和创作经历、西方女性主义发展历程和英国女性主义文学传统,来探究形成莱辛独特的女性主义视角的个人及社会文化根源；第二部分采用主题研究的方法,对莱辛几部代表性作品中女性主义思想的具体表现进行分析,展现其女性主义的独特性和深刻性;第三部分揭示并阐明她的女性主义文学作品区别于传统女性主义视角独特的思想文化内涵和艺术审美价值。
莱辛在小说创作中,总是以女性独特的敏锐和意识体验来观察生活、描写社会并进行文化批判。
但由于受到时代环境的影响,女性主义与时代诸多重大的主题彼此交融,女性主义视角广阔而深邃,莱辛的创作也体现出十分复杂的思想内涵,不仅展现了殖民主义的罪恶和男权社会对女性的戕害,还对人类未来命运做了深刻的思考。
而且可以看到,莱辛与传统女性作家的创作明显不同,女性主题只是莱辛文学创作的一种策略,却并非她的价值理想,她完全超越了女性视角,从一个超越性别的普世价值观来构建心中的未来理想。
这样的视角和策略充分肯定了女性的价值,充分展现了时代和历史的真实图景,批判了不平等的社会现象,提倡一种男女平等、人类与自然和谐相处的方式,为女性文学乃至世界文学都提供了一个新的视角和维度。
【英文摘要】Doris Lessing, who is a contemporary British writer, was called “the greatest female writer after Woolf”, and won the Nobel Prize for literature in 2007. Lessing’s novels have unique style, profound meaning, and diverse subjects, showing her worries and concerns to the times, female, environment, human being. There are countless researches on the feminist thoughts of Lessing at home and abroad, these treatise all envision the feminist ideas by analyzing the text, but did not distinguish Lessing from the traditional feminism, also did not reveal the uniqueness of female perspective in her works.This article analyzes the uniqueness of feminist ideas in Lessing’s works mainly from the following several aspects:The first part analyses Lessing’s feminism thoughts of her literary works. Through the introduction of Lessing’s characteristics, experience in the life and of the writing, briefly reviewing the western feminism development course and British feminist literary tradition, therefore to dig up thepersonal and social cultural roots of the uniqueness of female perspective in her works. The second part, with the method of theme study, analyses feminist thoughts performance in Lessing’s works, showing people its uniqueness and profundity of feminist thoughts. The third part reveals and clarifies thoughts connotation and aesthetic values in her feminist literary works which distinguish Lessing from the traditional feminism.In her novels, Lessing always, through female’s unique sensitiveness and conscious experience to observe life, describe social condition and make cultural critique. But due to the influence of the social environment, feminism and the times theme were mutually interwoven to make feminist perspective broad and deep. Lessing’s works also showed complicated ideological contents, not only revealing the sins of colonialism and the harm of male social systems, but also deep thoughts of the future destiny of human b eings. And we can see, different from traditional female writer’s creation, Lessing’s female theme is just a kind of literary strategy, rather than her value and ideals. She completely goes beyond the female perspective, and structures the ideal future world from the aspect of universal value. Such perspective and strategy fully confirms the value of females, fully displaysthe real prospect of the times and the history, criticizes the unequal social phenomenon, advocates a gender equality,harmony between human and nature, and provides a newperspective and dimension for female literature even world literature.【关键词】多丽丝·莱辛女性主义视角独特性【英文关键词】Doris Lessing feminist perspective uniqueness【目录】多丽丝·莱辛独特的女性主义视角中文摘要7-9ABSTRACT9-10绪论11-15第一章莱辛女性主义创作及其独特性15-31第一节莱辛的创作及其女性主义思想15-18第二节莱辛女性主义意识的形成18-23一、西方女性主义思想发展18-19二、西方女性主义文学批评的发展19-20三、英国女性主义文学传统20-23第三节莱辛独特的女性主义视角23-31一、女性主题是莱辛创作的文学策略,而并非其价值理想23-24二、超越女性视角,从一个超越性别的普世价值观来构建心中的未来理想24-26三、形成独特的女性主义视角的个人和社会文化根源26-31第二章莱辛作品中的女性主义思想31-50第一节莱辛作品中的女性主义与殖民主义31-35第二节莱辛作品中的女性主义与政治35-40第三节莱辛作品中的女性主义与精神分析40-45第四节莱辛作品中的女性主义与生态主义45-50第三章莱辛女性主义作品的思想文化内涵和艺术审美价值50-55一、思想文化内涵50-53二、艺术审美价值53-55结语55-57参考文献57-60致谢60-61攻读学位期间发表的学术论文目录61-62学位论文评阅及答辩情况表62【采买全文】1.3.9.9.38.8.4.8 1.3.8.1.13.7.2.1 同时提供论文写作一对一辅导和论文发表服务.保过包发.【说明】本文仅为中国学术文献总库合作提供，无涉版权。
Doris Lessing
Doris Lessing, aged 88, was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature December 7, 2007STOCKHOLM, Sweden (AP) -- Doris Lessing, author of dozens of works from short stories to science fiction, including the classic "The Golden Notebook," won the Nobel Prize for literature Thursday. The judges praised her "skepticism, fire and visionary power."2007年诺贝尔奖授予给关注女性体验的"史诗诗人"--87岁的英国作家多丽丝·莱辛。
她的获奖原因是，―因其将自已的怀疑，激情以及想象力投入在对分裂的文明的审视上‖。
Lessing was awarded the Nobel for her writing on the "female experience."The Swedish academy's announcement was stunning even by the standards of Nobel judges, who have been known for such surprises as Austria's Elfriede Jelinek and Italy's Dario Fo.Lessing, less than two weeks short of her 88th birthday, is the oldest choice ever for a prize that usually goes to authors in their 50s and 60s. Although she is widely celebrated for "The Golden Notebook" 《金色笔记》and other works, she has received little attention in recent years and has been criticized as strident and eccentric.Swedish Academy Permanent Secretary Horace Engdahl was not able to reach Lessing before announcing the prize in Stockholm, but reporters waiting outside her brick rowhouse in North London told her she had won as she pulled up in a black cab, two hours later.宣布2007年诺贝尔文学家之前，瑞典科学院常务秘书Horace Engdahl找不到Lessing。
Doris Lessing (多丽丝·莱辛--诺贝尔获奖作家)
留学（英美澳法加新六国）租房
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1. Somerset Maugham Award (1954) 2. Prix Médicis étranger (1976) 3. Austrian State Prize for European
Literature (1981) 4. Shakespeare-Preis der Alfred
Dramas
Each His Own Wilderness (1959) Play with a Tiger (1962)
Poetry
1. Fourteen Poems (1959) 2. The Habit of Loving (1957) 3. A Man and Two Women (1963) 4. Winter in July (1966)
Doris Lessing
Doris Lessing’s works
Novels:
The Golden Notebook(1962) The Grass is Singing(1950) Briefing for a Descent into Hell(1971) The Summer Before the Dark(1973) Memoirs of a Survivor(1974) The Good Terrorist(1985) The Fifth Child(1988) Mara and Dann(1999) The Sweetest Dream(2001) The Cleft(2007)
To Room Nineteen——DORIS LESSIN十九号房英文原文
DORIS LESSINGLessing1 /les/, Doris (May) (b.1919), British novelist and short-story writer, brought up in Rhodesia. An active munist in her youth, she frequently deals with social and political conflicts in her fiction, especially as they affect women; The Golden Notebook (1962) was hailed as a landmark by the women's movement. Other works include The Grass is Singing (1950) about interracial relationships in Africa, and a quintet of science-fiction novels collectively entitled Canopus in Argus: Archives (1979-83). She won Nobel Prize for Literature in 2007.To Room NineteenThis is a story, I suppose, about a failure in i ntelligence: the Rawlings’ marriage was grounded in intelligence.They were older when they mar r ied than most of their married friends: in their well-seasoned late twenties. Both had had a number of affairs, sweet rath e r than bitter; and when they fell in love—for they did fall in love—had known each other for some time. They joked that they had saved each other “for the real thing.” That they had waited so long (but not too long) for this real thing was to them a proof of their s ensible discrimination1. A good many of their friends had married young, and now (they felt) probably regretted lost opportunities; while others, still unmarrie d, seemed to them arid2, self-doubting, and likely to make desperate or romantic marriages.Not only they, but others, felt they were well matched: their friends’delight was an additional proof of their happiness. They had played the same roles, male and female, in this group or set, if such a wide, loosely connected, constantly changing constellation of people could be called a set. They had both be e, by virtue of their moderation, their humour, and their abstinence3from painful experience people to whom others came for advice. They could be, and were, relied on. It was one of those cases of a man and a woman linking themselves whom no one else had ever thought of linking, probably because of their similarities. But then everyone exclaimed: O f course! How right! How was it we never thought of it before!An d so they married amid general rejoicing, and because of their foresight and their sense for what was probable, nothing was a surprise to them.Both had well-paid jobs. Matthew was a subeditor on a large London newspaper, and Susan worked in an advertising firm. He was not the stuff of which editors or publicised journalists are made, but he was much more than “a subeditor,” being one of the essential background people who in fact steady, inspi r e and make possible the people in the limelight. H e was content with this position. Susan had a talent for mercial drawi n g. She was humorous about the advertisements she was responsible for, but1discrimination—a distinction in the treatment of different categories of people or things, esp. unjustly or prejudicially against people on grounds of race, colour, sex, social status, age, etc.2arid—of a substance, eg. the skin, dry, parched, withered. Here it figuratively refers to the unmarried people are uninteresting and dull.3abstinenc e—the act of voluntarily refraining from any action.she did not feel strongly about them one way or the other.Both, before they married, had had pleasant flats, but they felt it unwise to base a marriage on either flat, because it might seem like a submission of personality on the part of the one whose flat it was not. They moved into a new flat in South Kensington4on the clear understanding that when their marriage had settled down (a process they knew would not take long, and was in fact more a humorous concession to popular wisdom than what was due to themselves) they would buy a house and start a family.And this is what happened. They lived in their charming flat for two years, giving parties and going to them, being a popular young married couple, and then Susan became pregnant, she gave up her job, and they bought a house in Richmond5. It was typical of this couple that they had a son first, then a daughter, then twins, son and daughter. Everything right, appropriate, and what everyone would wish for, if they could choose. But people did feel these two had chosen; this balanced and sensible family was no more than what was due to them because of their infallible sense for choosing right.And so they lived with their four children in their gardened house in Richmond and Were happy. They had everything they had wanted and had plannedfor.And yet ...Well, even this was expected, that there must be a certain flatness....Yes, yes, of course, it was natural they sometimes felt like this. Like what?Their life seemed to be like a snake biting its tail. Matthew’s job for the sake of Susan, children, house, and garden—which caravanserai6needed a well-paid job to maintain it. And Susan’s practical intelligence for the sake of Matthew, the children, the house and the garden—which unit would have collapsed in a week without her.But there was no point about which either could say: “For the sake of this is all the rest.”Children? But children can’t be a centre of life and a reason for being. They can be a thousand things that are delightful, interesting, satisfying, but they can’t be a wellspring to live from. Or they shouldn’t be. Susan and Matthew knew that well enough.Matthew’s job? Ridiculous. It was an interesting job, but scarcely a reason for living. Matthew took pride in doing it well; but he could hardly be expected to be proud of the newspaper: the newspaper he read, his newspaper, was not the one he worked for.Their love for each other? Well, that was nearest it. If this wasn’t a centre, what was? Yes, it was around this point, their love, that the whole extraordinary structure revolved. For extraordinary it certainly was. Both Susan and Matthew had moments of thinking so, of looking in secret disbelief at this thing they had created: marriage, four children, big house, garden, charwomen, friends, cars ... and this thing, this entity, all of it had e into existence, been blown into being out of nowhere, because Susan loved Matthew and Matthew loved Susan. Extraordinary. So that was the central point, the wellspring.And if one felt that it simply was not strong enough, important enough, to support it all, well whose fault was that? Certainly neither Susan’s nor Matthew’s. It was in the nature of things. And they sensibly blamed neither themselves nor each other.On the contrary, they used their intelligence to preserve what they had created from a painful and explosive world: they looked around them, and took lessons. All around them, marriages collapsing, or breaking, or rubbing along (even worse, they felt). They must not make the same mistakes, they must not.4South Kensington—part of the fashionable West End of London.5Richmond—one of the outer boroughs of Greater London.6caravanserai—an Eastern inn with a large inner court where caravans rest.They had avoided the pitfall7so many of their friends had fallen into—of buying a house in the country for the sake of the children, so that the husband became a weekend husband, a weekend father, and the wife always careful not to ask what went on in the town flat which they called (in joke) a bachelor flat. No, Matthew was a full-time husband, a full-time father, and at nights, in the big married bed in the big married bedroom (which had an attractive view of the river), they lay beside each other talking and he told her about his day, and what he had done, and whom he had meet; and she told him about her day (not as interesting, but that was not her fault), for both knew of the hidden resentments and deprivations of the woman who has lived her own life—and above all, has earned her own living—and is now dependent on a husband for outside interests and money.Nor did Susan make the mistake of taking a job for the sake of her independence, which she might very well have done, since her old firm, missing her qualities of humour, balance, and sense, invited her often to go back. Children needed their mother to a certain age, that both parents knew and agreed on; and when these four healthy wisely brought-up children were of the right age, Susan would work again, because she knew, and so did he, what happened to women of fifty at the height of their energy and ability, with grown-up children who no longer needed their full devotion.So here was this couple, testing their marriage, looking after it, treating it like a small boat full of helpless people in a very stormy sea. Well, of course, so it was.... The storms of the world were bad, but not too close—which is not to say they were selfishly felt: Susan and Matthew were both well-informed and responsible people. And the inner storms and quicksands8were understood and charted. So everything was all right. Everything was in order. Yes, things were under control.So what did it matter if they felt dry, flat? People like themselves, fed on a hundred books (psychological, anthropological, sociological) could scarcely be unprepared for the dry, controlled wistfulness which is the distinguishing mark of the intelligent marriage. Two people, endowed with education, with discrimination, with judgement, linked together voluntarily from their will to be happy together and to be of use to others—one sees them everywhere, one knows them, one even is that thing oneself: sadness because so much is after all so little. These two, unsurprised, turned towards each other with even more courtesy and gentle love: this was life, that two people, no matter how carefully chosen, could not be everything to each other. In fact, even to say so, to think in such a way, was banal9, they were ashamed to do it.It was banal, too, when one night Matthew came home late and confessed he had been to a party, taken a girl home and slept with her. Susan forgave him, of course. Except that forgiveness is hardly the word. Understanding, yes. But if you understand something, you don’t forgive it, you are the thing itself: forgiveness is for what you don’t understand. Nor had he confessed—what sort of word is that?The whole thing was not important. After all, years ago they had joked: Of course I’m not going to be faithful to you, no one can be faithful to one other person for a whole lifetime. (And there was the word “faithful”—stupid, all these words, stupid, belonging to a savage old world.) But the incident left both of them irritable. Strange, but they were both bad-tempered, annoyed. There was something unassimilable10about it.Making love splendidly after he had e home that night, both had felt that the idea that Myra7pitfall—a hidden or unsuspected danger, drawback, difficulty or opportunity for error8storms and quicksands—It figuratively refers to a treacherous thing or (rare) person.9banal—commonplace, trite, trivial.10unassimilable—unable to be absorbed and incorporated.Jenkins, a pretty girl met at a party, could be even relevant was ridiculous. They had loved each other for over a decade, would love each other for years more. Who, then, was Myra Jenkins?Except, thought Susan, unaccountably bad-tempered, she was (is?) the first. In ten years. So either the ten years’ fidelity was not important, or she isn’t. (No, no, there is something wrong with this way of thinking, there must be.) But if she isn’t important, presumably it wasn’t important either when Matthew and I first went to bed with each other that afternoon whose delight even now (like a very long shadow at sundown) lays a long, wand-like finger over us. (Why did I say sundown?) Well, if what we felt that afternoon was not important, nothing is important, because if it hadn’t been for what we felt, we wouldn’t be Mr. and Mrs. Rawlings with four children, etc., etc. The whole thing is absurd—for him to have e home and told me was absurd. For him not to have told me was absurd. For me to care, or for that matter not to care, is absurd ... and who is Myra Jenkins? Why, no one at all.There was only one thing to do, and of course these sensible people did it: they put the thing behind them, and consciously, knowing what they were doing, moved forward into a different phase of their marriage, giving thanks for past good fortune as they did so.For it was inevitable that the handsome, blond, attractive, manly man, Matthew Rawlings, should be at times tempted (oh, what a word!) by the attractive girls at parties she could not attend because of the four children; and that sometimes he would succumb11(a word even more repulsive, if possible) and that she, a good-looking woman in the big well-tended garden at Richmond, would sometimes be pierced as by an arrow from the sky with bitterness. Except that bitterness was not in order, it was out of court. Did the casual girls touch the marriage? They did not. Rather it was they who knew defeat because of the handsome Matthew Rawlings’ marriage body and soul to Susan Rawlings.In that case why did Susan feel (though luckily not for longer than a few seconds at a time) as if life had be e a desert, and that nothing mattered, and that her children were not her own?Meanwhile her intelligence continued to assert that all was well. What if her Matthew did have an occasional sweet afternoon, the odd affair? For she knew quite well, except in her moments of aridity, that they were very happy, that the affairs were not important.Perhaps that was the trouble? It was in the nature of things that the adventures and delights could no longer be hers, because of the four children and the big house that needed so much attention. But perhaps she was secretly wishing, and even knowing that she did, that the wildness and the beauty could be his. But he was married to her. She was married to him. They were married inextricably. And therefore the gods could not strike him with the real magic, not really. Well, was it Susan’s fault that after he came home from an adventure he looked harassed12rather than fulfilled? (In fact, that was how she knew he had been unfaithful, because of his sullen13air, and his glances at her, similar to hers at him: What is it that I share with this person that shields all delight from me?) But none of it by anybody’s fault. (But what did they feel ought to be somebody’s fault?) Nobody’s fault, nothing to be at fault, no one to blame, no one to offer or to take it ... and nothing wrong, either, except that Matthew never was really struck, as he wanted to be, by joy; and that Susan was more and more often threatened by emptiness. (It was usually in the garden that she was invaded by this feeling: she was ing to avoid the garden, unless the children or11succumb—sink under pressure; give way to force, authority, emotion, etc.12harassed—overwhelm with cares, misfortunes.13sullen—solitary, alone, melancholy temperament.Matthew were with her.) There was no need to use the dramatic words, unfaithful, forgive, and the rest: intelligence forbade them. Intelligence barred, too, quarrelling, sulking, anger, silences of withdrawal, accusations and tears. Above all, intelligence forbids tears.A high price has to be paid for the happy marriage with the four healthy children in the large white gardened house.And they were paying it, willingly, knowing what they were doing. When they lay side by side or breast to breast in the big civilised bedroom overlookin g the wild sullied river, they laughed, often, for no particular reason; but they knew it was really because of these two small people, Susan and Matthew, supporting such an edifice on their intelligent love. The laugh forted them; it saved them both, though from what, they did not know.They were now both fortyish. The older children, boy and girl were ten and eight, at school. The twins, six, were still at home. Susan did not have nurses or girls to help her: childhood is short; and she did not regret the hard work. Often enough she was bored, since small children can be boring; she was often very tired; but she regretted nothing. In another decade, she would turn herself back into being a woman with a life of her own.Soon the twins would go to school, and they would be away from home from nine until four. These hours, so Susan saw it, would be the preparation for her own slow emancipation away from the role of hub-of-the-family into woman-with-her-own-life. She was already planning for the hours of freedom when all the children would be "off her hands." That was the phrase used by Matthew and by Susan and by their friends, for the moment when the youngest child went off to school. "They'll be off your hands, darling Susan, and you'll have time to yourself." So said Matthew, the intelligent husband, who had often enough mended and consoled Susan, standing by her in spirit during the years when her soul was not her own, as she said, but her children's.What it amounted to was that Susan saw herself as she had been at twenty-eight, unmarried; and then again somewhere about fifty, blossoming from the root of what she had been twenty years before. As if the essential Susan were in abeyance, as if she were in cold storage. Matthew said something like this to Susan one night: and she agreed that it was true—she did feel something like that. What, then, was this essential Susan? She did not know. Put like that it sounded ridiculous, and she did not really feel it. Anyway, they had a long discussion about the whole thing before going off to sleep in each other’s arms.So the twins went off to their school, two bright affectionate children who had no problems about it, since their older brother and sister had trodden this path so successfully before them. And now Susan was going to be alone in the big house, every day of the school term, except for the daily woman who came in to clean.It was now, for the first time in this marriage, that something happened which neither of them had foreseen.This is what happened. She returned, at nine-thirty, from taking the twins to the school by car, looking forward to seven blissful14hours of freedom. On the first morning she was simply restless, worrying about the twins “naturally enough” since this was their first day away at school. She was hardly able to contain herself until they came back. Which they did happily, excited by the world of school, looking forward to the next day. And the next day Susan took them, dropped them, came back, and found herself reluctant to enter her big and beautiful home because it was as if something was waiting for her there that she did not wish to confront. Sensibly, however, she parked the car in the14blissful—perfectly joyous or happy; happily oblivious.。
Doris Lessing
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Add your word
1.How much do you know about Doris Lessing ?
Doris Lessing was a British novelist, poet, playwright,
She left school at age 13, and was self-educated from then on;
She left home at 15 and worked as a nursemaid,telephone operator and shorthand typist.
She started reading material that her employer gave her on politics and sociology and began writing around this time.
Dick Turner
wife and husband
Moses
lover
10.Do you know something about the plot of The Grass is Singing ?
Mary married Dick and the marrige didn't bring happiness and what she wanted.At the same time,Mary was attracted by Moses's charming and strong.Then she had an intimate relationship with him.And this affair was discovered by Tony who was selfish and with strong racial discrimination.After that,Mary abandoned Moses because she never get rid of the values of black people.Finally,Moses angrily killed Mary which was also a redemption for poor Mary.
William Golding, Doris Lessing & John Fowles
《法国中尉的女人》提要
19世纪60年代，英国南部的莱姆小镇上，被称为“法国中尉的女人”的 萨拉经常独自一人在海滩栈桥上若有所思地观看大海。据说她因看护一 位受伤的法国船长而与其相爱并委身于他，但是法国中尉回国后便杳无 音信。来自伦敦的查尔斯陪同未婚妻蒂娜到莱姆镇的姨妈家做客，与萨 拉邂逅，被她神秘的诱惑力吸引。他们的关系日益密切，萨拉还把她被 法国中尉遗弃的遭遇告诉他。随后，萨拉离开莱姆镇前往艾塞特治病， 而查尔斯则乘火车去伦敦处理财产继承事务。这时福斯特为小说安排了 三种不同的结局。其一是查尔斯克制住对萨拉的迷恋，在伦敦办完事后 连夜赶回莱姆镇，向蒂娜坦白了他与萨拉之间的恋情。两人结婚，一块 生活到老，生有7个儿女。其二是查尔斯没有直接回莱姆镇，而是在艾塞 特站下了火车，在一家旅店与萨拉幽会。他了解到萨拉并未失身于法国 中尉，而是因为不能容忍维多利亚时代的虚伪才“自甘堕落”。查尔斯 决定解除与蒂娜的婚约，与萨拉结婚，但萨拉却突然失踪。查尔斯在历 经波折后终于与萨拉和他们的女儿团聚。最后一种结局是查尔斯在萨拉 失踪后找到了她，但是萨拉为了保持自己的独立和自由而拒绝了查尔斯。
William Golding, Doris Lessing & John Fowles
William Golding
威廉· 戈尔丁（William Golding, 1911-1993），英国小说家，出生 于英格兰康沃尔郡一个教师家庭。受信仰科学的父亲影响，他于 1930年进入牛津大学时学的是理科，但两年后改学文学。1935年 毕业后在一所中学做教员，同时开始创作小说。第二次世界大战 期间，戈尔丁于1940年参加英国皇家海军，在一艘火箭舰艇上服 役5年。战争极大地改变了戈尔丁以前对人类所持有的乐观态度， 他决定通过自己的作品揭示人性中邪恶的一面，帮助人类面对自 己心灵深处的黑暗。1954年发表的小说《蝇王》（Lord of the Flies）便是在这种思想指导下创作而成。《蝇王》是戈尔丁的成 名作，也是他的代表作。继《蝇王》发表之后，戈尔丁笔耕不辍， 在三十多年的创作生涯中又发表了《继承人》（The Inheritors， 1955）、《品彻· 马丁》（Pincher Martin，1956）、《自由堕落》 （Free Fall, 1959）、《塔尖》（The Spire, 1963）、《看得见的 黑暗》（Darkness Visible, 1979）、《航行仪式》（The Rites of Passage, 1980）等小说，对人性的探讨则成为贯穿几乎所有小说 的主题。1983年戈尔丁获诺贝尔文学奖。
doris lessing flight短篇主题
doris lessing flight短篇主题"Doris Lessing's 'Flight': A Reflection on the Theme of Freedom"Doris Lessing's short story "Flight" explores the theme of freedom through the lensof a coming-of-age narrative. The story follows the protagonist, a young girl named Alice, as she experiences a pivotal moment in her life. Through her journey, Lessing delves into the multifaceted nature of freedom and the inner conflicts that arise when one seeks independence.Set in the early 20th century, the story captures the oppressive patriarchal society that Alice lives in. Alice is portrayed as a dutiful daughter who takes care of her aging father and works tirelessly on the family farm. However, her desire for freedom is palpable. She yearns to break free from the confines of her domestic responsibilities and explore the world beyond.The motif of birds and flight serves as a powerful symbol throughout the story.Alice's fascination with the birds reflects her yearning for freedom and escape from her mundane existence. When Alice finally decides to leave her father and embarks on a symbolic flight, it represents her quest for independence. This flight not only symbolizes physical freedom but also the freedom to pursue her dreams and aspirations.However, the theme of freedom is complex in "Flight." Although Alice experiences moments of liberation, she also faces inner conflicts and doubts. The heavy weight of guilt and obligation towards her father momentarily hinders her journey towards freedom. This internal struggle highlights the paradoxical nature of freedom. It is not always easy to break free from societal expectations and familial responsibilities.Moreover, Lessing hints at the potential consequences of seeking freedom. Alice's naivety and lack of experience in the outside world leave her vulnerable and exposed. This dichotomy of freedom and vulnerability highlights the trade-offs that come with pursuing independence. It challenges the romanticized notion of absolute freedom and encourages readers to contemplate the sacrifices that accompany it.In conclusion, Doris Lessing's "Flight" intricately explores the theme of freedom through the character of Alice. It illustrates the desire for independence, the internal conflicts faced, and the potential consequences of seeking freedom. Through her poignant storytelling, Lessing invites readers to ponder upon the complexities and nuances of freedom in one's personal journey towards self-discovery and autonomy.。
doris lessing写作特点
doris lessing写作特点
Doris Lessing 啊，那可真是个了不起的作家！她的写作特点就像一
个丰富多彩的宝藏箱，等待着我们去挖掘。
她的文字就像一把犀利的剑，直刺人心。
比如说在她的作品中，常
常会毫不留情地揭示社会的现实和人性的复杂。
就好像你走在一条看
似平静的小路上，突然就被路边的荆棘划破了皮肤，让你瞬间感受到
那种刺痛和真实。
Doris Lessing 还特别擅长刻画人物，她笔下的人物就像你身边的朋友、邻居一样鲜活。
还记得她书中的那个角色吗？哎呀，简直就像是
从书里走出来站在你面前一样，有血有肉，让你忍不住为他们的命运
揪心。
她能把人物内心的挣扎和矛盾展现得淋漓尽致，这难道不是很
厉害吗？
她的叙事风格也独具一格呀！有时像缓缓流淌的小溪，悠然自得地
讲述着故事；有时又像湍急的洪流，一下子把你卷入其中，让你应接
不暇。
这就好比你在坐过山车，一会儿慢悠悠地爬坡，一会儿又风驰
电掣地冲下去，刺激极了！
而且哦，Doris Lessing 对于细节的把控简直绝了！一个小小的动作、一个细微的表情，都能传递出丰富的信息。
这就像是在一幅精美的画
作上，每一笔每一划都有着它的意义和价值。
你说，Doris Lessing 这样的写作特点怎能不让人着迷呢？怎能不让人沉浸其中呢？她就是那个能带你走进不同世界，让你体验各种人生的神奇作家呀！
我觉得 Doris Lessing 以她独特的写作特点，为文学世界增添了璀璨的光芒，她的作品值得我们反复品味和研读。
Doris Lessing
Literary Style
As a short story writer, Doris Lessing is particularly noted for her precision, her choice of words and her economy of language. Her life and experience in Rhodesia have provided excellent material for her African stories, which have been widely acclaimed.
Thanks
2
Masterpieces
PART 2
Grass is Singing (1950) 《青 草在歌唱》 The Children of Violenc Series 《暴 力的孩子 们》 Martha Ques《玛莎奎斯特》(1952) A Proper Marriag《良缘》(1954) A Ripple from the Stor《风暴的余波》 (1958) GoldHale Waihona Puke n Notebook《金 色笔记》
Doris Lessing 多丽丝莱辛
目录
01 Introduction 02 Masterpieces 03 Honor Award
1
Brief Introduction
PART 1
Doris Lessing, born 22 Oct., 1919，is a British writer. She was awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize in Iiterature, described by the Swedish Academy as“that epicist of the female experience, who with scepticism, fire and visionary power has subjected a divided civilization to scrutiny she was the 11th woman and the oldest ever person to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature.
DorisLessingGrassisSinging(野草在歌词)读后感
The Reaction to Grass is SingingDoris Lessing was born in1919to a colonial officer in Kermanshah,in what is now western Iran.She experienced a vagrant life,and finally won numerous awards,such as the Nobel Prize for Literature,the Maugham Prize,the National Prize for European Literature,the Smith Prize and so on."The Grass Is Singing"can be said to be Doris Lessing's first masterpiece.She moved to England with her young son in1949,with nothing but a draft of her novel. Fortunately,the book was published soon after as The Grass Is Singing(1950).The book describes a downtrodden black servant's revenge on his mistress,which lasts for several years.Unsurprisingly,the book touches on many themes,including racial discrimination,wealth gap,gender inequality,human hypocrisy and so on.Among them,racial discrimination is the most important theme.The heroine,Mary,was born in an unhappy ter,she became a successful person who did not need to worry about her own life through her10years of work.Moreover,in her naive opinion,her friends like her very much and they like to turn to her for help.But they believe she needs to get married to complete her life.So Mary had the idea of getting ter,Mary married Dick,a poor farmer.Dick had a fertile100-acre farm,but he didn't make any money because he always gave up halfway.On the farm, Dick had nearly100black slaves working for him.So Mary had to approach them.But Mary's bad behavior to the black slaves brought Dick a lot of trouble,and their marriage was extremely unhappy.In the end,a slave who had been whipped by Mary killed her with a knife.Mary,who could have been living a prosperous life all the time,made hasty plans to get married because of her friends'sneers.It was the beginning of her unhappy life. Mary was vain and haughty about black slaves,believing they were no different from animals.And her marriage with Dick is also because of her sympathy for Dick,love. Most of all,she always carried herself in a triumphant manner with Dick,which gave her great satisfaction.Her cruel treatment of Moses,the manservant,foreshadowed her misfortunes.And Moses worked at Mary's house for years so that he could getback at her.From mind to body,he destroyed her step by step.Finally,he has given up the struggle,also waiting for the fate of the judgment.After reading several books,it is not hard to see that Doris Lessing's work focuses on several themes:racism,sexism and marital unhappiness.In the book,Tony,who appears at the end,is very concerned about racism,which I think is a wake-up call to racist people.But whenever Tony spoke about the issue,they ignored it,proving that they were deeply rooted in the idea of black slavery.As a"feminist",Doris Lessing has always stood up for women's rights.Once women get married,it seems that they should become men's accessories.Take care of her husband and raise her son at home all day.The road to the rights of women and of discriminated races is slow and long,and requires constant effort.。
英美文学Doris Lessing (1919-)
Features of her writings
• Her keenest interest is in the relationship between the black and white races in Africa, changing ways between generations, and the position of women in society.
Doris Lessing
(1919-)
Features of her writings
• Her many novels and short stories are set either in Southern Africa or in England, except for her most recent ones which are set in outer space. Her books are largely concerned with people involved in the social and political upheavals of the 20th century.
A Woman on a Roof(a shFra bibliotekrt story)
• 1.a feminist reading of the story; • 2.a Marxist reading of the story; • 3.a psychoanalytical reading of the story; • 4.a psychological reading of the story.
Features of her writings
• skilled in capturing the atmosphere and sights of Africa, in describing the struggles of independent women, and in measuring the gulf between old and young generations in modern times.
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Classical sentences
在过了某个特定年龄之后，我们的生命中已不会再遇到任何新的人，新的动物，新的面孔，或是新 的事件：一切全都曾在过去发生，过去一切全都是过往的回音与复诵。甚至所有的哀伤，也全是许久以 前一段伤痛过往的记忆重现。
做孩子的时候感到聊无，盼望着长大。长大后又向往着返回童年。我们浪费自己的健康去赢得个人 的财富，然后又浪费自己的财富去重建自身的健康。我们焦虑地憧憬未来，忘记了眼前的生活。活得既 不是为了现在也不是为了将来。 我们活得似乎永远不会死，我们死的也好像从来没活过。
拥有猫是多么奢侈啊，使你的生活时时充满令人惊艳的喜悦，让你体会到用手掌抚触一头野兽光泽 柔软皮毛的感觉，在寒夜醒来时那紧贴着你的温热身躯，还有那甚至在一头随处可见的普通土猫身上， 也能见到的优雅与魅力。当一只猫轻轻悄悄地走过你的房间时，你可以在他那孤寂的徐行步伐中，瞥见 花豹，甚或是黑豹的影子，而当他回过头来凝视着你，他双眼所发出的炙热的黄色光芒，会让你清楚地 意识到，这个跟你同住在一个屋檐下的朋友，这只每当你抚摸他，或是揉揉他的下巴，搔搔他的脑袋时 ，都会发出满足的呼噜声的猫咪，其实是一位多么难得而奇特的访客。
Particularly Cats (1967)
Love, Again (1996)
♥
Characteristics of writing
unique and changeable style
profound thoughts
sharp views creative
Four main themes
Literary creation
pen name:Jane Somers
Main works
The Grass is Singing (1950) ♥ Five short stories (1953) Children of Violence Series (1952-1969) The Golden Notebook (1962) ♥
THe citation of the Swedish Academy
"That epicist of the female experience,who with scepticism,fire and visionary power has subjected a divided civilisation to scrutiny."
Doris Lessisonal life
Literary creation
Honors
Personal life
1919.10.22--2013.11.17 loved fantasy in her childhood lived a hard life in Africa in her youth once joined the Communist Part y, and participated in the left-wing political movement against colonialism had two marriages that neither lasted long
David Cohen British Literary Prize (2001)
Companion of Honour from the Royal Society of Literature S.T. Dupont Golden PEN Award (2002)
Nobel prize for Literature (2007)
“女性经验的史诗作者，以其怀疑的态度、激情 和远见，清楚地剖析了一个分裂的文化。”
Honors
Somerset Maugham Award (1954) Prix Médicis étranger (1976) Palermo Prize (1987) Premio Internazionale Mondello (1987) Premio Grinzane Cavour (1989) James Tait Black Memorial Book Prize (1995) Premio Internacional Catalunya (1999)
fight for national independence ,freedom and equality(Afica colonial life as the background) the dilemma that modern women face and their seek for their own libration reveal the crisis that humanity faces in forms of fable and fantasy ,and predict the future of the world social problems