Hester Prynne
英美文学选读自考题模拟17
英美文学选读自考题模拟17(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Ⅰ.Multiple Choice(总题数：40，分数：40.00)1.The belief of the eighteenth-century neoclassicists in England led them to seek the following EXCEPT ______.（分数：1.00）A.proportionB.graceC.harmonyD.spirit √解析：[解析] 本题主要考查的知识点为新古典主义时期作家们的创作追求。
新古典主义者们对文学作品的观点使该时期的作家在创作时寻求表达与措辞上的协调、统一、和谐与典雅。
2."Graveyard School" writers are the following sentimentalists of ______.（分数：1.00）A.James Thomson and William Collins √B.William Collins and William BlakeC.Robert Burns and James ThomsonD.Thomas Jackson and James Thomson解析：[解析] 本题主要考查的知识点为古墓派诗人的成员。
感伤派诗人，或曰“古墓派诗人”有詹姆斯·汤姆森、威廉·考林斯和威廉·柯柏等。
3.The most perfect example of the verse drama after the Greek style in English is Samson Agonistes by ______.（分数：1.00）A.John Milton √B.William BlakeC.Henry FieldingD.William Wordsworth解析：[解析] 本题主要考查的知识点为《力士参孙》的作者。
声名狼藉主要人物介绍
声名狼藉主要人物介绍
《声名狼藉》是一部由莫妮卡·艾伦创作的小说，在小说中有多个主要人物。
1. Hester Prynne（赫斯特·普林）- 故事的主角，一位受到社会谴责的年轻女子。
她因与有夫之妇发生婚外情而被判定通奸，被迫在胸前佩戴一枚红字"A"，代表着"奸淫"。
2. Arthur Dimmesdale（阿瑟·戴姆斯代尔）-一位年轻且有影响力的牧师，是Hester Prynne的情人，但他的身份未被揭露。
内心被罪恶的折磨所困扰，最终在小说的结局中坦白了自己的身份。
3. Roger Chillingworth（罗杰·钱林华斯特）- Hester Prynne的丈夫，一个医生。
他最初以匿名身份出现，然后与Hester和Dimmesdale的秘密关系相关联。
他追求复仇，并不断追踪Dimmesdale，最终导致了他的痛苦和死亡。
这些人物在小说中都扮演了重要的角色，代表着罪恶、痛苦和复仇等主题。
他们的互动和情节发展为故事增添了悬念和戏剧化。
UNIT4 美国文学
内容提要选篇出自《红字》第二章。
该小说以17世纪的波士顿为背景。
女主人公白兰(Hester Prynne)原本生活在英国，与身体残疾的医生齐里沃斯(Chillingworth)婚后过着平淡无奇的日子，后来听命于丈夫的吩咐前往大洋彼岸的波士顿，谋求新的生活。
齐里沃斯打算随后也赴北美与妻子会合，但因事情不顺手未能如期成行，一年以后才得以赴美。
先期抵达波士顿的白兰与年轻的牧师狄姆斯台尔(Dimmesdale)相识，然后相爱，并以隐秘的方式维系爱情。
然而一年之后，他们的女儿珍珠出生，于是白兰成为众矢之的，被投入监狱，但她拒绝说出珍珠生身父亲的姓名。
她被判终身在胸前佩戴代表“私通”(Adultery)的红字“A”。
在狄姆斯台尔的协助下，白兰得到了抚养珍珠的权利，依靠做针线活维持生计。
齐里沃斯来到波士顿后，发誓要找出珍珠的父亲。
他没有公开其身份，以行医为业暗中寻访。
狄姆斯台尔备受煎熬，身心交瘁，计划与白兰一道出逃，但没有成功。
齐里沃斯终于发现了白兰与狄姆斯台尔之间的关系，想方设法折磨狄姆斯台尔。
在最后一次布道时，狄姆斯台尔坦然承认他就是珍珠的父亲，随即撕开衣襟，裸露出胸膛上刻有的鲜红字母“A”，然后倒在白兰的怀中停止了呼吸。
后来，齐里沃斯也因苦厄沉重而过世，白兰则以其正直、善良的品格以及对于生活的信念重新赢得了社会的承认。
珍珠结婚后回到英国定居。
白兰去世后，人们按照她的意愿将其安葬在狄姆斯台尔的墓旁。
赏析作为一部历史题材的小说，《红字》描写了17世纪北美新英格兰清教社会的生活风貌。
但是正如霍桑在小说的序言中所言，他要讲述的故事是具有“符合人的心灵的真实”，而并非刻意追求人物客观经历的绝对真实性。
他将这部小说称之为“传奇”，旨在开拓一块“中立的领域”，使“现实”和“想象”的因素可以在此和谐地融为一体。
就作品的主题而言，霍桑通过刻画特定的清教环境中的三种罪人，包括犯有“私通”行为的白兰，虚伪的狄姆斯台尔，以及疯狂报复的齐里沃斯，在较深的层次上探讨了清教社会的本质，尤其是人类本性中的善恶与社会环境的关系。
陶洁《美国文学选读》(第2版)课后习题详解(第4单元 纳撒尼尔
4.2课后习题详解1.Why is the prison the setting of Chapter I and what is the implication of the description of the roses?Key:Because the protagonist,Hester Prynne is expected to appear here as an infamous culprit.The description of roses carries such implication that Hester Prynne was remaining faithful to nature and morality.In the bottom of her heart, she is still a pure and gracious woman.The roses symbolize hope and future of humankind.2.Describe the appearance of Hester Prynne and the attitude of the people towards her.Key:Hester Prynne was a tall woman with perfect elegance,characterized by a certain state and dignity.She was lady-like,after the manner of the feminine gentility of those days.She appeared so graceful because that she possessed true love,which she thought was something noble and worthwhile and for which she was willing to sacrifice herself.She was strong-minded and independent,and she had power and courage to endure serenely and quietly the public abuse,insult and hardness of reality.In the crowd,different people had different attitude towards Hester.Some weresympathetic,and feel sorry for her.Some are very harsh and critical towards her, especially those cold-hearted,middle-aged women.They expressed their hatred towards Hester because they thought that Hester has brought shame on them. Even there were some people thought that the present punishment was too mild, and death should be the just penalty.3.What has happened to Hester?Why does she make the embroidery of the letterA so elaborate?How does this tell us about her character?Key:Hester has offended the Puritan rule,sinned,guilty of adultery.Condemned to wear on the breast of her gown the scarlet letter“A”,she was to stand on the platform before the meeting so that her shame might be a warning and a reproach to all who saw her.She makes the letter“A”so elaborate out of her true love for Dimmesdale. She is loyal to her true lover,faithful to morality,honest to herself.She becomes strong and independent in psychology,generous in action,living a life with dignity and great fortitude.。
《红字》中的人名寓意解析
《红字》中的人名寓意解析口河南大学大学外语教学部王玲摘要：在英美文学作品中，人物特殊的命名是一种常见的写作手法。
１９世纪美国浪漫主义作家霍桑在其代表作＜红字》中就运用了各种不同方法来为四个主要人物（ＨｅｓｔｅｒＰｒｙｎｎｅ。
ＡｒｔｈｕｒＤｉｍｍｅｓｄａｌｅ，ＲｏｇｅｒＣｈ越ｎ删ｏｒｄｌ，Ｐｅａｄ）命名。
从而让他们代表着善恶美丑等种种不同的道德寓意。
这些名字都蕴舍着作者为揭示作品人物性格和命运而煞费苦心为他们赋予特殊命名的苦心。
本文力图通过准确地揭示出这些人名的寓意来帮助读者更全面深入地把握作品的主题。
关键词：主题；象征意义；特殊命名；寓意在英美文学作品中．人物特殊的命名是一种常见的写作手法。
正如余江涛、张瑞德等编译的《西方文学术语词典》所言：“塑造人物有多种方法。
最简单的一种就是给人物命名。
每一个‘称呼’都可以使人物变得生动活泼、栩栩如生和富于个性。
有的给人物起绰号，有的根据人物的性格特征命名．有的根据人物外貌或生理特点等命名”。
在当年英国作家威廉．朗格伦的《农夫彼尔斯》和约翰．班扬的＜天路历程》这类宗教小说中，就曾把七大罪恶或人的品德变成具体人物登场。
美国十九世纪杰出的浪漫主义小说家霍桑在其代表作《红字》中所采用的象征比拟笔法则是在此基础上的创新。
为了让小说中的人物形象丰富多彩。
他采取了种种方法为四个主要人物（ＨｅｓｔｅｒＰｒｙｎｎｅ，ＡｒｔｈｕｒＤｉｍｍｅｓｄａｌｅ，ＲｏｇｅｒＣｈｉｌｌｉｎｇｗｏｒｔｈ，Ｐｅａｒｌ）命名，从而让他们代表着善恶美丑等种种不同的道德寓意。
这些名字都蕴含着作者为揭示作品人物性格和命运而煞费苦心为他们赋予特殊命名的苦心。
本文力图通过准确地揭示出这些人名的寓意来帮助读者更全面深入地把握作品的主题。
‘—’ＨｅｓｔｅｒＰｒｙｎｎｅ仅从女主角海斯特的名字——－Ｈｅ８ｔｅｒ．我们可以推测出她的形象和性格特征。
首先，看到Ｈｅｓｔｅｒ这个名字，读者．便会把她与希腊神话中宙斯的姐姐Ｈａｓｔｉａ联系起来。
红字中人名和字母A的象征意义
本科学生毕业论文<<红字>>中人名和字母A的象征意义作者系（院）专业年级学号指导教师日期目录一、引言 (1)二、作品中人名象征意义的分析 (1)（一）丰富象征意义的化身——白兰 (1)（二）自闭的亚瑟.丁梅斯代尔 (2)（三）真正的恶魔——齐灵沃斯 (3)（四）美好和纯洁的象征——珠儿 (3)三、字母A的象征意义 (4)（一） A——通奸的象征 (4)（二） A——忠贞的爱情 (4)（三） A——能干的象征 (5)（四） A——艺术的象征 (5)（五） A——天使的象征 (5)四、结语 (6)参考文献 (6)《红字》中人名和字母A的象征意义摘要：纳撒尼尔·霍桑是美国19世纪著名的浪漫主义小说家、美国浪漫主义小说和心理分析小说的开创人之一。
他善于运用浪漫主义的想像、象征寓意和大量主观色彩浓重的心理分析描写来突出主题、烘托人物的内心世界，同时亦表现出神秘主义的晦涩。
本文主要通过其代表做《红字》中人物姓名和字母A的象征意义的深入剖析突出作品多重寓意和多元主题性，从而更好的解读《红字》这部经典作品。
关键词：海斯特·白兰；亚瑟·丁梅斯代尔；齐灵沃斯；珠儿；主题；字母A；《红字》一、引言象征主义的写法是文学创作的一种技巧，它用一种具体的事物引起读者的联想［1］。
在英美文学中，赋予作品中的人物以特殊的名字是一种常见的象征主义的写作手法，例如：英国伟大的剧作家莎士比亚的戏剧《亨利四世》中的Sir Falstaff,另一位英国剧作家谢利丹的戏剧作品《对手》中的Mrs.Malaprop,美国著名南方作家福克纳的《八月之光》中的J.Christmas等等，这些名字无疑充实了对人物性格的刻画，向读者暗示了作品中人物与主题的联系［2］。
美国19世纪浪漫主义作家纳撒尼尔·霍桑在创作中对于人物姓名的使用为其作品增色不少，其代表作《红字》中体现了人名所具有的丰富象征意义，不仅如此，其中字母A以其丰富的寓意很好地突出了作品的主题，以致不同的读者和评论家从中得出不同的结论。
Hester Prynne
Hester Prynne: A rebel and independent femaleHester Prynne is the protagonist of The Scarlet Letter.She is described as a youthful, beautiful, spirited, and proud woman. She rebels against destiny and fights for the rights of human life bravely. Though the life is cruel, she shows optimistic attitude and strong self independence. She is a great female who has a good sense of compassion and responsibility. However, it also appears the frailty and compromise of human nature.Hester is considered as an elegant and capable woman, though she is condemned by the Puritan society and forced to wear a scarlet letter on her sin of adultery. When the cellar door opened, we can see a young woman with slender figure and smooth skin. Her clean-cut brows and deep black eyes impress most of people. In terms of the standard to judge a female at that time, she is a real beautiful lady. What’s more, the unique and delicate clothes made by herself set her figure off to advantage. Needless to say, she does needlework very well. She dresses up her daughter and also does needlework for somebody. She is so smart and talented that the “A”of sdultery finally turns out to be able.Hester is portrayed as having a strong will and rebellious spirit in the novel. In the public pillory, she smiled superciliously instead of suffering an eclipse due to the sin. The letter A which repersents her shamer was embroidered with fancy lacework and made her amazing. In addition, this is a special way to prove her love for Dimmesdale and shows her rebellion. There are another public rebellions during the novel. The first one is her struggle for the custody of her daughter. Though the baby is the direct result of the human punishment, she is the support of Hester’s life. The second rebellion in action expresses on the ruthless exposion of her former husband. When Hester saw the priest suffered a lot seven years later, she standed out and prevented another hurt conducted by Chillingworth. The third is her encouragement on Dimmesdale to run away together bravely. She took a series of actions and prepared to start new life with the priest. This is the symbol of Hester’s female consciousness from sprout to arousal and to maturity. Her rebellion also trends to maturity step by step.Self independence and the fiery pursue of life support Hester all the time. In the past few years, she looked all the ssocial institution with aloof sight. She criticize everything in an irreverent attitude as a Indian. During the extremely miserable life, Hester faced up to people’s despise and coldness. She stayed on the ground where brought her humiliation with her love of life and slender incomes under the permission of judge who kept watch on her. She said nothing is holy to us, we should overthrow everthing, including ourselves. She held the optimistic attitude towards life. However, Hester’s self independence mainly reflect on her struggle in mental. Regardless of inner pain, she can bear all of it. When she on the public stage with the baby, though she looked haughty, every step of the people would make her agonising. But she didn’t give up life and pursue for love. When she found the person she loved had a breakdown, she could not bear it any more, and encouraged him to escape with her together. This shows her strong self independence and the eagerness of happy life.Hester is also a great woman with sympathy and responsibility. When she got out of the prison, she could leave away and start new life. But she stayed doggedly and standed critique from the people in the town. She did not need any help or sympathy. Instesd, she was compassionate and did good works all her life. She took care of the poor and made clothes for them. She spent all her save on succouring the poor though they may not more unlucky than her or sometimes insuitedher, while herself live in a plain and hardworking way. She also knew her responsibility for the baby. Hester treated her daughter fatherly but strict with all her efforts. She is relly a good mother in terms of education. She understood how to educate such a special girl. Hester told the girl that she was sent by Heavenly Father and fighted for the custody of her.Nonetheless, Hester’s life also shows the frailty and compromise of human nature. It is all the frailty of human nature that leads to the sin. Hester is easy to act emotionally. Her impulse originates from vanity of girlhood and unnormal marriage. She married Chillingworth just to change the poor family situation. The other frailty refers to Hester’s hard lifetime to keep privacy. She kept the promise of both two men which results in the evil of Chillingworth and Dimmesdale became the most miserable victim, while she was helpless and tragic during the life. Hester has the wish to pursue happy life, but she can not get rid of religious confinement totally. When she came across Dimmesdale, she thought during the short meet, she committed again. When strangers looked the scarlet letter or her daughter threw the apple to it, she felt painful but didn’t ward off. She believed only through the pain that can’t say can finish her condonable. At the end of the novel, Hester Prynne returned. She wore the scarelet letter again and confessed her sins with no forgiveness. These are all the expression of her compromise.The scarlet letter is the sign of her shame, the brands of her pain, the equivalent symbol of love, the mark of advance and an emblem of angel. The whole novel ended by the sentence “On a field, sable, the letter A, gules.” This is the best explanation of Hester’s life. Hester Prynne, the beautiful heroine, embodies multiple dispositions. She not only has the spirit of rebellion, independence and dedication, but also shows the aspect of frailty and compromise. Meanwhile, it reflects the development of female consciousness.。
红字
《红字》中的罪与恶《The Scarlet Letter》(《红字》)是19 世纪美国浪漫主义作家Nathaniel Hawthorne 的长篇小说，创作于1851 年。
在美国文学选读课上，老师向我们重点介绍和评析了这部小说。
课后我阅读了这部小说的中英文对照版，有不少感触。
一、作者简介Nathaniel Hawthorne 是美国十九世纪重要的浪漫主义小说家，生于美国东部新英格兰地区的一个没落的殖民官僚家庭。
Hawthorne 四岁丧父，一生中除了担任税关职员和晚年出任海外领事外，几乎都在从事写作。
Hawthorne 前期发表过几十篇短篇小说，大多收录于《故事重述》和《古屋青苔》。
这些小说以风格优雅、别致见称。
正如他自称是“偏僻山谷中带有苍白色彩的花朵”。
长篇小说红字是Hawthorne 的代表作。
这本书于1850 年出版，使Hawthorne 名声大噪，并给他带来了巨大的财富，使他可以过上舒适的生活。
《红字》的成功带动了Hawthorne 其他作品的成功。
随后，他有相继出版了《带有七个尖角阁的房子》、《福谷传奇》、《玉石雕像》等作品。
Hawthorne 在世的时代正是美国面临建立新国家任务之时，在创立政治独立的同时，美国也试着创立文化的独立。
Hawthorne 的故事和小说显示了新的风格特色和对美国题材的兴趣。
Hawthorne 一生都关注着罪与恶这样的道德问题。
他认为人性本是恶的，罪恶会受到应有的惩罚。
而红字中的主人公Prynne 正是通过接受惩罚以及不断地重塑自己而逐步洗脱身上的罪责并重获新生的。
二、故事梗概《红字》是以殖民时期的严酷的教权统治为背景创作的，它描绘了北美殖民地新英格兰地区发生的一个恋爱悲剧。
全书以镶在女主人公Prynne 身上的红字“A”为线索，通过Prynne 的悲惨遭遇，反映了清教殖民统治的黑暗，人心的冷漠，,以及描绘出主人公Prynne勇于担当罪责，坚强，美丽的形象。
霍桑-与梅尔维尔
❖ 3.Important Works:
❖ Mosses from an Old Manse(1646);
❖ 《古屋青苔》
❖ his masterpiece: ❖ The Scarlet Letter(1850); 《红字》 ❖ The House of the Seven Gables(1851)
An Analysis of Hester Prynne
❖ Though living on the fringe of the community, she does her best to reestablish her fellowship with her neighbors on a new, honest basis. She helps her fellow creatures as a sister of mercy of sorts or as a skilled embroideress in an undemanding manner, and finally wins their love and admiration.
Plot:
❖ Doctor Chilingworth, Hester’a husband, discovered who was the adulterer and made up a cruel plan of revenge—to torture the Minister mentally and physically till his death. In the end, Hester regained her dignity and even respect from the community. Dimmesdale was mentally tortured to death by his own sense of guilt plus Chilingworth’s vicious plan and only in the last minute of his life he revealed his sin.
thescarletletter内容概括
《The Scarlet Letter》内容概括《The Scarlet Letter》是美国作家 Nathaniel Hawthorne 于 1850 年发表的一部历史小说，讲述了 17 世纪新英格兰地区的一些事件和当时的社会环境。
本文将简要概括该小说的主要内容。
下面是本店铺为大家精心编写的5篇《《The Scarlet Letter》内容概括》，供大家借鉴与参考，希望对大家有所帮助。
《《The Scarlet Letter》内容概括》篇1《The Scarlet Letter》以女主角 Hester Prynne 被法庭判处佩戴带有红字“A”的罪犯身份为开端。
小说发生在 17 世纪的新英格兰，当时社会风气极为保守，对于道德败坏的行为十分不容忍。
Hester 因通奸罪被判刑，并在刑满后被释放，但她必须一直佩戴这个代表罪犯的红字“A”。
小说的主人公 Arthur Dimmesdale 是一位年轻的牧师，他在公众眼中是一位道德高尚的人，但实际上，他是 Hester 的情人，也是她孩子的父亲。
虽然他深爱着 Hester，但他担心自己的名誉和地位受损，因此不敢承认自己的罪行。
另一个主要角色是 Pearl，她是 Hester 和 Arthur 的女儿。
Pearl 是一个聪明、顽皮、充满活力的女孩，但她的母亲的罪行和社会对她的歧视让她在成长过程中面临着许多困难。
小说讲述了 Hester 在社会的压力下如何坚强地生活，并在帮助他人的过程中找到自我救赎。
同时，小说也揭示了当时社会的虚伪和道德观念的矛盾。
最终，Hester 通过自己的善良和勇气赢得了人们的尊重，而 Arthur 则因无法面对自己的罪行而自杀。
《《The Scarlet Letter》内容概括》篇2《The Scarlet Letter》是美国作家 Nathaniel Hawthorne 于1850 年出版的一部历史小说。
该小说讲述了发生在 17 世纪晚期新英格兰殖民地的一个故事，主要围绕一个名叫 Hester Prynne 的女性展开，她因通奸罪被判处戴上带有红字“A”的罪犯标志，并在社会上受到排斥。
霍桑在_红字_中的象征手法探析
第26卷 第4期 河 北 工 程 大 学 学 报 (社 会 科 学 版) Vol .26 No .42009年12月 Journal of Hebei University of Engineering (Social Science Editi on ) Dec .2009[收稿日期]2009-10-27[作者简介]郭瑞芳(1980-),女,河北邯郸人,助教,研究方向:英美文学。
霍桑在《红字》中的象征手法探析郭瑞芳,张春辉(河北工程大学文学院,河北邯郸056038) [摘 要]纳撒尼尔・霍桑被认为是美国文学史上最伟大的小说家之一,在其代表作《红字》中他娴熟的运用了象征手法,不仅赋予小说各种事物和现象更深层次的意义,也给小说的四个主人公的名字赋予了极其丰富的内涵。
本文将着重对小说中Hester Prynne,A rthur D i m mesdale,Roger Chilling worth 和Pearl 这四个主要人物名字的象征含义予以分析解读。
[关键词]红字;特殊命名;象征意义[中图分类号]I 106.4 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1673-9477(2009)04-0125-02 象征,是借助于具体的形象以表现抽象的事物和意义,进而诱发读者的想象和联想,从而达到表达一种耐人寻味的思想感情的目的。
文学的功能及其实现手法的独特性使象征成为文学创作司空见惯而最为重要的手法之一。
纳撒尼尔・霍桑的代表作《红字》被认为是美国文学史上第一部象征主义小说,她围绕着一个主要的象征“红字”展开,而其中四个主要人物的姓名也有其独特的象征意义。
为了表达这些深层次的象征意义,霍桑在给人物命名时根据自己的创作意图,为揭示人物性格、命运及其与作品的背景、情节、结局和主题等关系而给人物予以特殊的命名。
下面,笔者就将对《红字》中四个主要人物的特殊命名及其象征意义进行粗略的分析。
一、Hester PrynneHester Prynne 是小说中的女主人公,她的名字Hester 含有两种寓意。
《红字》中人物姓名的象征意义研究
《红字》中人物姓名的象征意义研究摘要：象征手法的运用是霍桑代表作《红字》中最突出的文学特点，比如字母“A”自然意象的象征意义以及人物姓名蕴含的丰富的象征寓意。
文章通过分析人物姓名的涵义和对人物命运的梳理，来解析象征手法在《红字》作品中的运用，对深入研究这部小说象征的多义性起到一定的作用。
关键词：象征意义；海斯特；丁梅斯戴尔；齐林渥斯；珠儿《红字》是美国作家霍桑最具代表性的一部作品，它讲述了一个罪与救赎的故事，反映了当时的社会现实。
这部小说生动地刻画了在特定环境下人物的典型性格，充分展现了文学艺术家霍桑的才华。
许多意象符号出现在这部作品中，以至于霍桑被认为是象征主义的“鼻祖”。
国内外众多学者对红字“A”以及小说中的自然场景进行广泛研究，除此之外，主人公的姓名也被赋予了丰富的含义。
本文通过对主人公的姓名及其命运的研究，对象征主义及小说主题进行深入的探讨。
一、Hester Prynne海斯特·白兰是《红字》中女主人公的姓名，作者赋予其多重的象征意义。
海斯特的名字Hester音同Hestier，Hestier是希腊神话中众神之王宙斯的妹妹，是一位拥有天使容颜的女神。
因此当读者看到女主人公的名字时，很容易将她与美丽、热情的女神联系到一起。
正如霍桑在《红字》中所描述的那样：那位年轻女性身材修长、体态优雅。
她乌黑的浓发在阳光的照耀下熠熠生辉、明艳照人，她容貌秀丽、五官端正、肤如凝脂、明眸善睐、楚楚动人。
［1］（The young woman was tall，a figure of perfect elegance on a large scale，she haddark and abundant hair，so glossy that it threw off the sunshine with a gleam。
［2］）在希腊神话中，Hestier也是一位掌管天上人间炉灶的女神，而炉火象征着温暖和炽热，这也是作者为女主人公取名Hester的用意之所在。
赤诚之心读后感英语
赤诚之心读后感英语英文回答：The Scarlet Letter is a profound and moving novel that explores the complexities of human nature and the consequences of sin. Nathaniel Hawthorne's rich prose and symbolic imagery create a vivid and immersive world that draws readers into the heart of the story.The novel's protagonist, Hester Prynne, is a young woman who is forced to wear the scarlet letter "A" as a punishment for adultery. This letter becomes a powerful symbol of her shame and isolation, but it also represents her strength and resilience. Despite the harsh judgment of her Puritan community, Hester refuses to give up on life.As the novel progresses, Hester's relationship with the Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale becomes increasingly complex. Dimmesdale is a respected member of the community, but he is also deeply tormented by his own secret sin. Therelationship between Hester and Dimmesdale is both passionate and forbidden, and it leads to tragedy.Ultimately, The Scarlet Letter is a story about the power of redemption. Hester Prynne's journey from shame and isolation to acceptance and forgiveness is both inspiring and heartbreaking. The novel reminds us that even the most grievous sins can be redeemed, and that hope can be found even in the darkest of times.中文回答：《红字》是一部深刻感人的小说，它探索了人性的复杂性和罪恶的后果。
《红字》中的人名寓意解析
《红字》中的人名寓意解析
1. Hester Prynne: Hester含有“星星”的意思，表达了她在故事中的闪耀和独立。
Prynne则暗示了她的身份地位，与法官John Hathorne在1692年的“被捆绑者审判”相关联。
2. 看守: 看守代表罗杰·齐勒，他的名字暗示他作为隐喻的看守和掌控者的角色。
3. Rev. Arthur Dimmesdale: 他的名字暗示他在犯罪后的痛苦中的抑郁和虚弱，字母“D”意味着麻烦和困难，而“m”则代表他的虚弱和痛苦。
4. Roger Chillingworth: 他的名字暗示他的冷酷和无情。
他的姓氏望文生义，表达了他的意志坚定，不容易被打败。
5. Pearl: Pearl代表珠宝般的纯洁和无暇，同时也暗示了她展示的纯真和诚实。
此外，珍珠也象征着神秘和隐藏，但也代表了独立和自由的意义。
《红字》中Hester Prynne的孤独感分析
外国文学《红字》中Hester Prynne的孤独感分析文/康莹摘要：纳撒尼尔·霍桑(1804—1864)是美国著名的小说家。
他创作了不少经典小说，也创作了不少发人深省的短篇小说。
赫尔曼·梅尔维尔称赞他为“美国的莎士比亚”。
1850，《红字》出版后，霍桑被认为是最有成就的美国说书人和小说家。
小说中的主人公海丝特因种种原因而遭受孤独。
本文将分析Hester Prynne的孤独感。
关键词：霍桑；《红字》；Hester Prynne；孤独一、被父母遗弃的孩子海丝特与她的父母一起在英国农村读过了她幸福的童年，后来她长成了漂亮的小姐且拥有非常热情的天性。
带着父母的许可她嫁给了她的丈夫Chillingworth，“脸色苍白，瘦，学者样子容貌”。
齐灵渥斯认为自己是伟大的图书馆的书呆子。
相反海丝特有种冲动和热情的天性，而丈夫则全身心投入到书中所谓的真理。
齐灵渥斯没有海丝特的青春和美丽。
他自欺欺人地认为，智力可能会掩盖少女对异性的要求。
显然，在外貌和性格方面这不是一场好的比赛。
不幸的婚姻表明海丝特和她的父母之间没有相互理解和沟通。
父母不知道海丝特对她的白马王子有什么期望。
当她独自定居在远离父母家乡的波士顿时，这里的景象对她来说是陌生的。
海丝特和她亲戚之间的关系破裂了。
后来她被判犯有通奸罪，在公共市场上被判三小时断头台，镇上的人们目睹这种可耻的惩罚并对这样一个不光彩的女人进行唾弃。
当她第一次站在脚手架上时，海丝特几乎崩溃了，她想从脚手架上跳下来。
海丝特在一瞬间的记忆中经历从她快乐的童年开始就踏上的足迹。
“她看见她父亲的脸，光秃秃的额头和牧师的白胡子…她的母亲总是呆在她的记忆里，甚至在她去世后，她对海私特的爱也时常引起了海丝特的抗议，这成为了她与其女儿交流的障碍。
孩子们会自然而然地回忆起父母的感情和与亲人或朋友一起度过的快乐时光，这是对处于困境或孤独中的孩子的精神支持。
二、得不到丈夫的真爱海丝特和齐灵渥斯之间的联盟是一个不匹配的婚姻。
《红字》读书笔记集合3篇
《红字》读书笔记集合3篇《红字》读书笔记集合3篇【篇一】《红字》读书笔记十九世纪浪漫主义文学的主题似乎总在围绕“通奸”(Adultery)这个词。
------无论是司汤达的<红与黑>，霍桑的<红字>还是列夫托尔思泰的<安娜卡列尼娜>，甚至连恩格斯也在其著作<家庭`私有制和国家>中赞扬“通奸”行为，并称之“骑士之爱”。
于之相较，发表于1850年霍桑的<红字>是最具争议的一部作品。
仅只其以十七世纪中期加尔文者派统治下的波士顿为小说的背景在当时保守的社会下就颇为大胆与新颖。
小说出版后立刻在美国引发强烈反响，并被誉为“本世纪最重要的小说之一”，霍桑本人也因此名声大噪。
<红字>主要描写了四个人物:因为不合理的婚姻制度而苦苦挣扎的女主人公HesterPrynne，浪漫懦弱的牧师Dimmesdale，阴险狡诈的丈夫RogerChillingworth，以及Hester和Dimmesdale私通生下的女儿Pear。
小说以:“新殖民地的开拓者们在万事草创之时忘不了与墓地同时修建的监狱，”开篇，接着记叙HesterPrynne这个在一个在婚姻上遭到不幸的女人，年轻美貌，却嫁给了身体畸形多病的术士RogerChillingworth，夫妻间根本谈不上爱情，后来，Roger又在海上失踪，杳讯全无，Hester 孤独的过着日子。
这时一个英俊有气魄的青年牧师，Dimmesdale 闯入了她的生活，他们真诚的相爱了，度过了一段隐私的爱情生活。
不久，Hester由于怀孕的隐情暴露，以通奸罪被抓，在狱中生下了女儿Pearl。
为了维护情人的名声，Hester不得不终身穿着一件绣着红色A字的外衣，与此同时Hester的丈夫Roger回来了，他察觉到了妻子与牧师的奸情，并展开了一系列处心积虑的报复行为。
小说的高潮发生在即将升为主教的Dimmesdale在枷刑台上的自我忏悔，最后。
红字中白兰的性格分析及其作者对她的态度
海丝特·白兰的性格分析（Hester Prynne）by Nathaniel HawthorneThe character of Hester Prynne changed significantly throughout the novel The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne. Hester Prynne, through the eyes of the Puritans, is an extreme sinner. She has gone against the Puritan ways, committing adultery. For this harsh sin, she must wear a symbol of shame for the rest of her natural life. Hester "was tall, with a figure of perfect elegance... she had dark and abundant hair, so glossy that it threw off sunshine with a gleam" . Her face was "beautiful from regularity of feature and richness of complexion" . She is a beautiful, young woman who has sinned, but is forgiven.Hawthorne makes Hester a heroin and survives to a tranquil old age just by expiating her offence. She wore the scarlet letter A, somewhat willingly, for the purpose of confessing her sin, of meditating and of reforming herself. On this point, Mark Van Doren’s comments about Hester, in my interpretation, agree with Hawthorne’s original intention. Doren said that she is “heroic in size and strength…Although she came to be Puritanism’s victim, she never surrendered the integrity of her soul. Neither did she complain of her fate. Her fate was to waste her life, yet we do not feel in the end that her life was wasted. Rather it is known, she is immortal.”⒄Each Character has a secret sin that he or she wishes to confess and each of those sins affects the character that committed that sin as well as other characters in the story.性格分析2Although criticism of The Scarlet Letter for a long time took Dimmesdale as the central character, it has more recently reacknowledged what was well understood in Hawthorne's own time, that Hester is protagonist and center. The narrator allies himself with her and, despite occasional adverse judgments, devotes himself to her cause. His cause as narrator is to obliterate her obliteration, to force the reader to accept Hester's reading of her letter as a badge of honor instead of a mark of negation. The narrator forces us, just as Hester forces her Puritan townsmates, to see her as a good woman on her own terms. In contrast to the two distorted male personalities who counterpoise her-the one obsessed with revenge, the other with his own purity-Hester appears almost a miracle of wholeness and sanity. While these men struggle with their own egos and fantasies, she has real battles-to maintain her self-respect in a community that scorns her, to stay sane in solitude, to support herself and her child, to raise that child to normal adulthood despite so many obstacles. Curiously, though she has been cast out of society, Hester remains very much in the world, whereas Chillingworth and Dimmesdale at the very center of society, are totally immured in their self-absorption. In her inner integrity and her outer responsiveness, Hester is a model and a counterstatement.Cautiously, Hawthorne advances the notion that if society is to be changed for the better, such change will be initiated by women. But because society has condemned Hester as a sinner, the good that she can do is greatly circumscribed. Her achievements in a social sense come about as by-products of her personal struggle to win a place in the society; and the fact that she wins her place at last indicates that society has been changed by her. Might there be in the future a reforming woman who had not been somehow stigmatized by society? Although in his later works Hawthorne was to answer this question negatively, in The Scarlet Letter the possibility, though faint, is there.There is more to be said about Hester than space allows; let me confine myself to two points: first, the relative insignificance of her relation to Dimmesdale in comparison with her relation to Pearl-the supersession in her portrait of sexual love by maternal love. The downplaying of her passion for Dimmesdale means that--although she continues to love him, and remains in Boston largely on his account-her goodness and her essential nature are not defined by her relation to a man. Hawthorne does not cooperate in the masculine egotism that he excoriates in The Blithedale Romance by making Hester a mere event in the great sum of man. Hester is a self in her own right portrayed primarily in relation to the difficulties in her social situation, in relation to herself, and in relation to Pearl.Through Pearl, Hester becomes an image of "Divine Maternity" (1:56). But though so signally a mother, she is not a "mother figure." By detaching her from the social milieu that defines and supports the concept of motherhood, Hawthorne is able to concentrate on the relation of Hester to her child without any social implications. In fact, society in this instance wishes to separate the mother and child. By giving her a recalcitrant daughter as child, Hawthorne has even more cleverly set his depiction of motherhood apart from Victorian ideology. What remains is an intense personal relation that expresses Hester's maternal nature in a remarkably role-free way.But adult love, sexual love, has not been written out of the story by this emphasis, and this is the second point I would stress. At the end of the work Hester expresses the hope "that, at some brighter period, when the world should have grown ripe for it, in Heaven's own time, a new truth would be revealed, in order to establish the whole relation between man and woman on a surer ground of Mutual happiness." The "angel and apostle of the coming revelation must be a woman" who would show "how sacred love should make us happy, by the truest test of a life successful to such an end!" (SL:263). These are Hester's ideas rather than the narrator's, but he does not distance himself from her at this point. "Earlier in life, Hester had vainly imagined that she herself might be the destined prophetess." Hester could have had this vain imagining only during the very brief period of her secret affair with Dimmesdale, for once she was stigmatized she could have no further hope of living a life such as she describes. But during their affair, she felt that what they did had a consecration of its own-it was this consecration, then, that she wished to put to the test of a lifetime.Therefore, what Hester means by "sacred love" is really "sexual love," and she looks forward to the time when sex and love can be united by men in one emotion, a time when somehow women can heal the split in the male psyche. As Freud, writing later in the century, was to observe the male inability to feel passion and tenderness toward the same "object," so Hawthorne not many decades earlier found the male's revulsion and fear of sex leading him to separate from women and incapable therefore of love. Hester's letter represents not merely adulterous sex but all sex, and the image of divine maternity becomes even more telling than it seemed at first. Every child testifies to the sexual experience of its mother and is, in a society that finds sex shameful, a shameful object. For Hester to try to return to Dimmesdale by "undoing" her letter is to return to him incompletely, in a manner that denies sex, denies her child. It is no wonder that Pearl objects.What one senses here--though how opaquely!--is Hawthorne's tentative engagement with thesubject of men and their mothers, his suggestion that the relation between men and their mothers was the deepest and most central core of their lives. The great liberation of The Scarlet Letter comes not only from its celebration of a woman, but of a woman who is centrally a mother (73-53).3From the beginning, we see that Hester Prynne is a young and beautiful woman who has brought a child into the world with an unknown father. She is punished by Puritan society by wearing the scarlet letter A on the bosom of her dress and standing on the scaffold for three hours. Her hair is a glossy brown and her eyes deep-set, and black, her attire is rich, carefully caressing her slender figure. The scaffold is a painful task to bear; the townspeople gathered around to gossip and stare at Hester and her newborn child, whom she suitably named Pearl, named because of her extreme value to her mother. In the disorder of faces in the crowd, young Hester Prynne sees the face of a man she once was fiercely familiar with, whom we later learn is her true husband, Roger Chillingworth. Her subjection to the crowd of Puritan onlookers is excruciating to bear, and Hester holds the child to her heart, a symbolic comparison between the child and the scarlet letter, implying that they are truly both intertwined.41、霍桑对女主角是同情的，但又无法逾越宗教思想的束缚。
《红字》中海斯特·白兰的主体性
2016.07纳撒尼尔·霍桑（Nathaniel Hawthorne ）是美国19世纪最重要的小说家之一，对美国文学的发展做出了很大的贡献，他很早并一直就受到国内关注，其代表作《红字》仅从1980年代至今，已有35个不同版本的译本。
国内外对《红字》中女性主义的研究多是围绕海斯特·白兰(Hester Prynne)在与男权社会的斗争中是否取得了胜利以及霍桑对海斯特·白兰(Hester Prynne)的态度等，这些研究忽视了男女两性的差异，没有探究两性和谐的途径，因此也就没有挖掘出《红字》中海斯特身上独特的女性身份，即女性主义三大理论家之一露西·伊利格瑞(Lucy Irigaray)所认为的强调两性差异的女性身份。
一、作为母亲的海斯特·白兰(Hester Prynne)在父权制的社会中，母亲没有主体性，只是作为客体而存在。
玛格丽特·富勒(Margaret Fuller)在她的《十九世纪的妇女》(Women inthe Nineteenth Century)中，谈到了妇女的顺从和没有地位，听从男人的训导和教诲，无论此种教诲是对，还是错。
母亲是生育机器，为家族哺育后代，同时母亲是其丈夫的私人物品，像木偶一样被掌控。
女儿对母亲不但没有感激之情，反而怀有怨恨，相比之下，儿子与母亲的关系比女儿与母亲的关系更好。
然而在《红字》中，海斯特·白兰(Hester Prynne)打破了由男性界定的母亲形象,因此她并未承受女儿对母亲依恋的终止，而是与女儿相亲相爱。
一方面，在为珠儿(Pearl)提供生育和哺育功能的同时，海斯特·白兰(Hester Prynne)构建自己作为女性的身份。
海斯特·白兰(HesterPrynne)敢于向父权社会说不，以主人公的姿态捍卫自己作为孩子监护人的权利，海斯特争夺抚养权的行为是女性对男权社会的有力反抗；《红字》中海斯特·白兰的主体性王琼唐海东内容摘要：《红字》的女主角海斯特·白兰(Hester Prynne)是一位具有主体性的独立女性。
英文文献论文：《十字》女性形象分析
AbstractNathaniel Hawthorne is a great writer in the 19th century in the United States. The Scarlet Letter is the masterpiece of his literary career. In the book, Hawthorne portrays Hester Prynne, the heroine of brave and strong character and the spirit of rebellion against the traditional moral system in the patriarchal society. This paper is an attempt to analyze the female image of Hester.Keywords: The Scarlet Letter; female image摘要《红字》是美国十九世纪伟大的作家纳撒尼尔·霍桑的代表作。
霍桑在书中描绘了女主人公海丝特·白兰勇敢、坚强的性格和对男权社会中传统道德体系的反叛精神。
本文主要对女主人公海斯特·白兰的女性形象进行分析。
关键词: 《红字》；女性形象ContentsAbstract (I)摘要 (II)Introduction (1)1 A Great Novelist, a Great Novel ................................................................. (3)1.1 Nathaniel Hawthorne, a Great Novelist .......................................................... (3)1.2 A Great Novel: The Scarlet Letter (3)2 A Great Female Image: Hester Prynne in The Scarlet Letter (4)2.1 A Brave Woman (4)2.2 A Persevere Woman (7)2.3 A Sacrificial Woman (9)Conclusion (10)Notes (11)References (12)Acknowledgements (13)IntroductionNathaniel Hawthorne (1804--1864) was an American novelist and short story writer. He was the famous romantic writer in the late nineteenth century. His novel was set in colonial New England, often describe Puritan rule of situation and fate, revealed the religious persecution of human nature. He is best known for his novels of using the profound meaning of symbolism implied theme, and the character psychology nuanced characterization and analysis. The Scarlet Letter, one of Hawthorne’s masterpieces, is the novel. It with its abundant of implicit and subtle expression is unique among American classic literature. "The Scarlet Letter" caused a huge stir, today after a lapse of half a century is still immortal classics. The book appeared in the start-up of the United States of literature, that is, the so-called American Renaissance, Hawthorne and Emerson are representative, Melville, Thoreau, etc. During this period, the flag of the United States in the spirit of mature independence and literary.And the representatives of the sea silk for female character's inner world and destiny to explore it. Hawthorne subverts the women in the patriarchal society as the tradition of“object”, built the “subject”of Hester status, show the male writers in the work one of the few female consciousness, set up the Hawthorne's feminist ideology pioneer image. This paper will use full of representative of feminist criticism theory and method, through the analysis of the heroine, explore Hawthorne in the novel of the scarlet letter potential female conscious, and the compromise of Hawthorne female consciousness, reveal the novel contains the positive social significance.1 A Great Novelist, a Great Novel1.1 Nathaniel Hawthorne, a Great NovelistNathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864), America's greatest novelists of the 19th century and a half. His representative works are: collection of short stories, Mosses from an Old Manse (1846 ), Young Goodman Brown(1835), Rappaccini's Daughter(1844)and so on, the novel The Scarlet Letter, The House of the Seven Gables (1851), The Blithedale Romance(1852) The Marble Faun: Or, The Romance of Monte Beni(1860)and so on. These are rare in the history of world literature classics.Hawthorne said: compared to civilization and ancient Europe, the United States, no shadow, no antiquity, no secret, no brilliant but faint Mo's Turn of the Screw, only light dull boom days under the offer to writers material is minimal. Therefore, Hawthorne turned his attention to the past, trying to dig the aid imagine the history of the creation of useful material, in order to put us in front of an era gone fleeting now linked." This also implies that the ancient metaphor of his creative intent. But for Puritan prudence, Hawthorne took a creative form of romantic fiction. He believes that the only way the author can choose their own ideas and creative ways, but not necessarily tied to the details of the real, to find the combination of reality and imagination to the "middle ground" between the "real world" and "Wonderland" . Hawthorne's great being able to face his mild stroke while exposing the dark essence sharp, wicked satire, revealing the truth.The concept of D.L.Carmody is in the traditional literature, women's image was originally discriminated against. Ever since the woman is considered less than a man. Patriarchal ideology has been spread, the status of the man's total is higher than a woman, a woman was considered inferior to men. This view of the traditional women's literature is full of contempt and hostility. In the 20th century, feminist literary criticism was born in Europe, which emphasizes the value of women's presence and status, is a thousand years of male chauvinism challenge. “Hawthorne is a feminist who attracts writers, especially in his The Scarlet Letter, the shape is different from our previous literature Women --- Hester Prynne new image.”[1] 1.2 A Great Novel：The Scarlet LetterThe Scarlet Letter to teach the harsh colonial rule of the North American rights to the background , describing a place in England 's love tragedy. Heroine Hester Prynne is a strongcourage to protest the fate of women. She is a young and beautiful , passionate woman , she " tall, Yung-chi complete beautiful to stately degree black lush hair so shiny, shine sunlight colors ; her face, removing moist skin outside and correct the beautiful features , as well as imposing brow and deep black eyes. based on the prevailing genteel femininity , she seems to be a noble lady . " born in a dilapidated old aristocratic family , childhood by the family pet , but unfortunately married and a decline in body deformity old scholar Roger , not to mention the love between them. Later, Roger disappeared at sea , never heard from again , Hyster lonely life, spirit is very painful. In widowed life, her handsome young pastor Arthur Dimmesdale love, and gave birth to a daughter, Pearl . As punishment , the penalty Calvinism her chest wearing a red letter A , eat humble pie spent the remaining years.RichardRorty think, “Hyster is a deeply insulting and full of rebellious spirit of strong female image, the author gives her multiple identities——commit adultery Puritan betrayed husband, wife, beloved pastor's lover, the mother of an illegitimate child, and let her bear the social, religious and moral aspects content.” [2]John Dewey think, in the face of difficulties and humiliation, she not only did not bow, but the y “saw her flash a very beautiful light, “teased everyone showed “arrogant smile”, “leisurely look around he r neighbors and city residents,” “exhibit a natural majesty and strength of character. ”[3]2 A Great Female Image: Hester Prynne in TheScarlet LetterSince the publication of Tess of the D’Urbervilles in 1891, innumerable critics and reviewers have been decoding this great novel from various perspectives. All their critical works have enriched the meanings of this great novel. However, among these critical works, there are a few works that have given a comprehensive decoding of this novel from the perspective of the female image of Hester Prynne, Therefore, this paper attempts to decode this novel from this aspect. Here we begin the analysis with virtues of the Heroine Hester, one of the main female image of Hester Prynne2.1 A Brave WomanHester, a beautiful and charming woman, marries an old doctor Chillingworth whom she does not love at all. When a rumor that her husband is dead comes, she falls in love in with a young handsome minister Dimmesdale and gives birth to a daughter. The behavior of Hester reflects a healthy person’s natural need and inevitable result of pursuing the liberation of self-independence and happiness. However, this disobeys purita n’s rules and therefore she is tried and sentenced to wear a red “A” identifying adultery. In the following days she has to bear this unfair treatment alone and is isolated from the public. Yet facing this unfortunate fate and men-dominated world, she does not give up but fight endlessly. She is a woman who dares to be against fate and fight for her rights.The story of “The Scarlet Letter”happened in 17th century colonial Boston in New England.Beautiful young Hester Prynne too simple, when she was still immature, haven't figure out what love was, in failure, deformity of old Roger Chillingworth, scholars had lied to her, made her his wife,Hester youthful and Chillingworth decrepit withered, and have a disability, all day long he addicted to judgments in the cadastral, lack of care and considerate to his wife. As you can imagine, the marriage of Hester in the field of her spirit is very empty, very poor. Hester later recalled she and Chillingworth's life, “can only count them as her most ugly recalled. She believes that she had endured his tepid also shook to shake hands with him, and have the heart to use her lips and eyes smile to meet him, is her greatest the confession of sin. Moreover, she believes, in knew she didn't choose love period, Chillingworth deception she called her obsession with him is happy, then commits sin, is better than people later on she commits any crime, more despicable“Such a combination, can only reflect a kind of compulsive, absurdity, it should be said that the ugly and immoral. And Chillingworth was not regarded his wife as people with needs, but as her own property, when watching Hester punished in the scaffold, he didn't have any compassion, cajole instead, trying to threats, put her on the edge of the more painful. What he did is not out of love for Hester, but the result ofselfishness, insidious revenge. Therefore, Hester is the victim of a marriage. She is the victim of darkness.Hester and Chillingworth this a couple of huge differences in age, different appearance of beauty and ugliness, character, marriage signifies that they will not have a good ending. Chillingworth take Hester to Boston, after he finished handle their own affairs in the UK, on its way home sea-going ships wrecked, therefore people legend he has died. Hester in the lonely life and youth pastor Dimmesdale in love, as a result of pregnancy had braved in jail, and gave birth to a girl's name "Pearl". Hester's behavior are the natural language of the healthy human nature, life is the inevitable result of individuals pursuing their own liberation and happiness, but it has violated the at that time the patriarchal culture and consult moral law specified by a woman to finally her husband unconditionally chastity concept. Hester was relentless push to set the sta ge for trial, was sentenced to with red “A” word.In the later days, she has been forced to silently under the unfair treatment, alone with pearl, away from the town of "seaside hut solitude, a sewing to make a living, feed themselves and her daughter". The French feminist Julia Christie Eva Once put forward the maternal for resisting center of revolutionary significance. She believes that women having children does not mean that she cannot be engaged in professional work, on the contrary, birth is always consistent with cultural activities, because in the process of nurturing life woman can more deeply understand the connotation of life. In the custody of the pearl and defend aspects of custody. When the governor refuses to Hester Prynne's request, “Hester Prynne seize the pearl, against to drag her into his arms, with a look of almost a face fierce glare at the old Puritan Sir, She has been abandoned by the world, alone. Only the treasure to her feelings die, so as to to life, she felt she has an inalienable right with the world, and ready to defend her these rights” As a mother, she is strong and great. In history, in a lot of level, Confucianism culture on women's constraint is far more than men, especially in colonial times, puritanism's harsh laws and religious traffic rules under the notice of New England, women in the political, economic must rely on men, submissiveness, pious chastity, “there can't be a strong, independent and self existence" there can be a strong, independent and self existence”(p21). In order to protect the rights of man, the rulers also provides that the type of women's life can't cross the fetters of marriage, the bible says, and law books and prostitute are the bane of seduce men moral, is the man on the death of the devil, the whore is the most commonly used means of sexual insults, kill the body and reputational damage, which Hester is punished by. And the public's attitude toward Hester is also had no sympathy, the second chapter of the novel mentioned, both men and women, old or young, have no pity in that kind of look in the eyes fixed on the red “A” word in her bosom. Even her fellow sisters also think “she is a slut, bitch, lost the face of the woman, to say this plainly sin”. However, in the face of tragic fate and strong patriarchal society, Hester did not succumb, he always fight tenaciously in. Hester outstanding appearance fully shows her a distinct personality characteristics. Boston to Hester in the power to impose the most severe punishment -- in the market of scaffold, in an attempt to embarrass her, but Hester put wordlessaction as a breach of their plot. As a puritan, Hester chest with red A word which is the symbol of shame can imagine his inner pain and embarrassment, but people are surprised to find that when the cross out the door of the prison, she smiled, deliberately looked around, she bravely show all the humiliation of A word that means, as well as his children, such as cool as A cucumber the behavior of the sea, in the face of evil religion reproach and without fear of persecution, showing A natural dignity and force of character. While Hester in the scaffold without succumbing to Wilson trap, refused to account the name of the adulterer, women's heart is a striking force and wide! For the sake of the one you love is not affected by shame, she refused to say. She bore her misfortunes alone and pain, even though her lover Dimmesdale is weak, did not have the courage to admit his identity, to share the stigma, Hester did not compromise and give up her beliefs, her strong survived. With strong rebellious spirit, strong and independent self and the longing for a new life, she is in the red with shame, survivor in people disdain and cold eyes, and set up a new life. Seven years of loneliness, pain, suffering contributed to her more consciously and more sacred self spiritual power, independent personality and the awakening of female consciousness.Can reflect Hester most mature female consciousness in her brave encourage pastors and fled together, this is her revolt against the old traditional morality is the most favorable. In the forest, the pastor's last tryst, Hester's personality, emotion got the full release, "for sudden and desperate tenderness, she hold him with open arms, put his head gripping on the chest"-- seven long years of painful separation, Hester's passion for Dimmesdale and no cooling, her heart strong emotions at this time finally got the vent. When she saw the beloved spirit and the flesh was almost complete collapse due to withstand the pressure, she can't put up with it. So she brave encourage pastor come away with me together with her, Fled Boston, go overseas to rebuild a happy life. She firmly to the priest said: "the tragic and burst will stay where it happened, don't tangle with it! Everything start again! A test fail, you have to give up all possible? Not so future in full of opportunities and success.”Although later because the priest died eventually failed to realize this plan, but this behavior is the most direct, the most vividly reveal her to the Puritan laws and secular bold rebel and challenges. She is a dare to resist fate, dare to fight for their rights of women.Hester is pursuit of pure love and freedom for sex, to make a wordless rebellion against the darkness of the society. At the same time, from her attitude towards the daughter pearl, we can see her brave, strong and persistent. Hester has been devoting her love for Dimmesdale in to their daughter-- pearl. Through the cradle, Hester that innate maternal reflect incisively and vividly. Colonial rulers that Hester is a fallen woman, children raised by her will also fall. When Hester knew that several gentlemen will devise seizing Pearl in the town, she has no concessions, she came to governor Bellingham's home with Pearl. Alone, she was abandoned by the world, only the baby girl to keep her heart dies. "You can't take her away from me, otherwise, I will be the first to die. God to give her my raise, I'll never let her go ". Hester these complaints and fighting to make people aware of a mother have a sacred right, and she will beready to defend those rights, "when a mother has nothing to remove her child and the scarlet letter , the power is strong". Due to the pastor's help, Hester fight won this time, the male patriarcha l secular society for the first time to an “Adulteress” caved.From the attitude to her daughter's education, we can also see her self-awareness and rebellious spirit. In the society of the male notice hungry, my father put into practice to son, while the mother warned her daughter must comply with all kinds of collecting the regular rule of social, cultural restrictions. Boys should learn how to keep the men privilege, however, girls should learn how to obey men. Hester doesn't like other women to education daughter, despite the family rules is very strict, but her won't be too strict to Pearl. She repressed by the scarlet letter maternal subconscious to Pearl. In her unusual factory environment met the female body and female sex. American critics Ninabem professor once said “Pearl has the Puritan doctrine, all the bes t to the quality of the natural”(p23), and the pursuit of natural is advocated by feminists. As Hester wish, Pearl doesn't repeat her life. She broke the only son have a conventional inheritance Internet access, inherited the property of the Roger·Chillingworth, became the richest heiress, when the new people to her evaluation is also changed. Pearl, then left the Puritan New England, lived a happy life in a foreign land.2.2 A Persevere WomanHester's strong and brave performance not only in the above aspects, also reflected in her with unremitting pursuit for life. Inhuman punishment, she has not given up on life, the pursuit of love. With her Puritan forces fight in a strong unyielding spirit, to show people the kind of women themselves have strong vitality. In the lonely beach house, in almost isolated environment, She counted, natural and graceful, whether in expression, verbal, psychological, nor in action makes people dislike coquetry, no more poor compliance. That allows her to in extremely painful life, bravely under people's contempt and cold, and remain in that had brought her hurt and shame on land, i n “still continually monitor of the judge's permission to her, in her own little income es tablished his own life”. At the heart of the England women's economic must rely on a man, to be involved in the work of children, sewing is her only can be engaged in art, on which Hester or earn meager income strong to survive, raising his daughter grow gradually. Although she has enough reasons to do so, but she is not to the husband also did not seek help from the priest. She is done independent economically and mentally. In addition to work to earn money to feed themselves and daughter, she is all the money in the handout. As soon as she met can give a person favor, She admitted that she is human compatriot sister immediately. For each request to the poor, who also have no way she took out her weak aid are convenient. Hester indomitable life will and a natural goodness that touched people. Although the hard-hearted the poor will also often to the door of the food for her, for her by the finger of embroidery yellow robe woven clothes with abuse, but many people are no longer in the original meaning to expl ain the scarlet “A”, they said the meaning of the word is “Able”, is “Angel”, people in the eyes of the original "adulteress" h as become a “angel” in thetown. “H ester of inherent character and remarkable ability in life finally got a role of herself”, Changed his fate in the largest extent. Recalling his own experience, Hester believe women in society are in a desperate, very shabbily status, women should seek their own liberation, we must act: “The first thing must do, is to achieve the whole society sys tem, to build again. Second, the nature of man, or men form the nature of the long-term genetic habit, must fundamentally transformed them, at that time, women can enjoy similar to a reasonable position”(p36). In this sense, Hester is supposed to be a feminist, and because of her personal history rose to the height of the development and progress of all mankind, at the same time, we can also see that Hawthorne the outpouring of feminist tendency in the novel. When the end of the novel, we find that Hester is full of hope and happiness, so people, especially the women “Come to her house, their sorrow and trouble talking to her, seek her advice”. “H ester doing everything they can to comfort and to persuade them, and solemnly told them: she believes that when the world is getting mature, a much better and brighter era, will be in a more reliable guarantee on the basis of mutual happiness, build up the relationship between men and women ”(p75).Hester Prynne's rebellious spirit is through her in China and foreign countries in the performance of the novel and the two aspects of internal performance. In Hawthorne's works, Hester Prynne is a dare to resist fate, daring to fight for life right and brave women. The external performance of Hester Prynne rebel spirit, Hester holding baby appeared at the door of the prison, the movement showed a natural dignity and force of character. Her eyes and deliberate with proud smile, looked her in the same city residents and neighbors. In such a crying shame, Hester has not fallen, lead in doomed to endure generally heavy pressure, she bravely under it. When she walked to the front of an audience, people amazed to find that she is not only eclipsed in a cloud of disaster, it flashed a beautiful light. If more rebellious behavior shows his strong personality and she only early female consciousness, then later rebellion marked the maturity of her feminine consciousness, Hester's female consciousness from germination to awakening, from awakening to the sign of maturity, finally reflected in the forest she brave, boldly encouraging Dimmesdale and she fled together, to seek for their new life. Hester Prynne rebel spirit of internal performance, Hester's rebellion spirit is also reflected by her inner world. On the surface, it seems that Hester began to clear the Canon to discipline yourself, a poor, ascetic life, as a matter of fact, she is in this way to express her inner dissatisfaction and revolt. At the start of the novel, when Hester appeared in public, in her clothes in the chest, showed “A”form of the words are made with exquisite red cloth, surrounded by gold thread embroidery, the details of the woven in the eyes, the scarlet letter is the symbol of Hester violate Puritan precepts. When they see the scarlet letter on her breast-- the symbol of shame, all people were very surprised and angry. With such an elaborate embroidered letter, Hester put it as a weapon of his heart to subvert and overthrow it in the Puritan society represented by sin and shame. This delicate the scarlet letter, it seems that also can represent her spirit, she is more of a Puritan to defy authority, son is not committed to herconfession “crimes”. In addition to Hester embroider the exquisite visible in his the scarlet letter, she also use their daughter pearl, dab hand sewing clothes to express pent-up passion inside and rebellious spirit. Pearl doesn't dress coarse clothes. Hester village mouth luxurious fabrics, try our best to search and use her biggest imagination, decorate the child to wear clothes in front of people. She used her dexterous hands, prominent, elegant with her bosom, with pearl, wearing bright, colorful clothes to express her inner dissatisfaction and resistance of puritan's hair. There is no language, no action, but in her inner repression and rebellion, and yearning for a better life are expressed by means of the implicit.2.3 A Sacrificial WomanThe story of The Scarlet Letter happened in 17th century colonial Boston in New England. Beautiful young Hester Prynne too simple, when she was still immature, haven't figure out what love was, in failure, deformity of old Roger Chillingworth, scholars had lied to her, made her his wife, Rogge herself admitted: “first of all is I hurt you, I put you bud of the decadence of the youth and me into a false and unnatural relationship”(p45). Hester youthful and Chillingworth decrepit withered, and have a disability, all day long he addicted to judgments in the cadastral, lack of care and considerate to his wife. As you can imagine, the marriage of Hester in the field of her spirit is very empty, very poor. Hester later recalled she and Chillingworth's life, “can only count them as her most ugly recalled. She believes that she had endured his tepid also shook to shake hands with him, and have the heart to use her lips and eyes smile to meet him, is her greatest the confession of sin. Moreover, she believes, in knew she didn't choose love period, Chillingworth deception she called her obsession with him is happy, then commits sin, is better than people later on she commits any crime, more despicable “Such a combination, can only reflect a kind of compulsive, absurdity, it should be said that the ugly and immoral. And Chillingworth was not regarded his wife as people with needs, but as her own property, when watching Hester punished in the scaffold, he didn't have any compassion, cajole instead, trying to threats, put her on the edge of the more painful. What he did is not out of love for Hester, but the result of selfishness, insidious revenge. Therefore, Hester is the victim of a marriage. She is the victim of darkness.In the 17th century, the puritans authority leads New England at that time, the novel Boston gloomy scaffold that stand on the market and it is a vivid reflection of the fist of the Puritan political prison. This “ugly” prison “oldest old” is the new world, its front door both “ferocious and grim” and “desolate and dim”. From the ferocious, eerie warder, people can experience the majesty of “spooky”Puritan code. The establishment of the scaffold purpose is, under the eyes of the maximum exposure of criminals each a spark of shame, it is for humanity's greatest blasphemy. Hester lives in a rule of the Puritan society, patriarchal society. She is a woman in her struggle against fate, the pursuit of happiness, her life is in your lover's defection, husband's revenge, religion and society played a female under the suppression of elegy. The three men associated with the fate of Hester Prynne was filled with thick male colorseveral forces pushed the brandy in the bottom of suffering. So She was the victim of Puritan rule, she not only at the expense of his flesh, and dignity. She is the victim of the society at that time.ConclusionTo sum up, Hester is peculiar to a woman who is both nature and temperament, with rebel spirit of female image. She fights with rotten Puritan rule stubbornly, bold to pursue your own happiness, showing impressive brave and strong. Through her own unremitting struggle, hard more economic freedom, mentally and physically, make her model to the heart of many women. Her resistant life gives women, especially unfortunate women a lot of enlightenment. She told the women should be how to survive in the adverse circumstance, how to win their own should enjoy equal rights and freedom rights, realize self value. The image is unremitting pursuit, with the modern women's independence, vibrant compared to the beauty of the female image.Reading The scarlet letter, we are surprised to find that, the original Hawthorne as early as 150 years ago on Hester created the prototype of the modern women for us. At the end of the story, he also envisions a future society of equality of men and women, this both in the historical environment at that time and in human civilization highly developed today, is a very progressive and valuable. Therefore, there is reason to believe that only we know the past again, to rediscover the future.。
英语专业论文 霍桑与红字象征手法的运用
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe completion of this thesis would not have been possible without the encouragement, the guidance, and the support of many other people. First of all, I would extend my sincere and heartfelt thanks to my supervisor Professor Liu Yang, who has given me valuable suggestions and insightful comments in the thesis writing. He has also spent much time going through brainstorming with me, put my work on the right track, read in great details every draft of every section of this thesis, and helped improve the appropriateness of English used. My gratitude to Professor Liu Yang knows no bound.Special thanks also go to my family for their unfailing support and love throughout my university study.CONTENTSACKNOWLEDGEMENTSAbstract（in English） (1)Abstract（in Chinese） (1)I．Introduction (1)1.1 The Brief Introduction of the Story (2)1.2 An Introduction to the Author (2)1. 2.1 The Author’s Growth and Main Works (2)1.2.2 The Fame of the Author (3)1.3 Background (3)1.3.1 Social Background of the 17th Century (3)1.3.2 The Purita nism in America (4)II.Symbolism (4)2.1 The Definition of Symbolism (4)2.2 The Form of Symbolism (4)III. The Use of Symbolism in the Scarlet Letter (5)3.1 Different Meanings of the Scarlet Letter “A” (5)3.2 Symbolism Names of Characters (7)3.2.1 Hester Prynne (7)3.2.2Pearl (8)3.2.3 Roger Chillingworth (9)3.2.4 Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale (9)3.3 Symbolic Natural Environment and Objects Described in the Novel (10)3.3.1 Red Bird (10)3.3.2 Light and Darkness (10)3.3.3 Prison and scaffold (11)3.3.4 The Forest and the Stream (12)IV. The Influence of Symbolism in America Literature (12)V．Conclusion (12)BIBLIOGRAPHY (14)DECLARATIONHawthorne and the Use of Symbolism in the Scarlet LetterAbstract：Nathaniel Hawthorne is a great romantic novelist as well as distinguished forerunner of symbolism in the nineteenth century in America. The Scarlet Letter is American writer Nathaniel Hawthorne’s famous work. Hawthorne’s symbolism usage was displayed so well, that it makes the Scarlet Letter known all around the world. It is regard as the first symbolic novel in American literature because of the ingenious using of symbolism. This thesis mainly concentrates on symbolism. The novel revolves around one major symbol the scarlet letter. Besides, some other environments that are described in the novel have their symbolic meaning. At the same time, the instruction to the author’s growth and his own major works. The influence of this novel on Romance period，and the author’s use of symbolism.Key words: The scarlet letter; symbolism; Nathaniel Hawthorne; the use of symbolism摘要:霍桑是一位伟大的浪漫主义小说家，同时也十九世纪杰出的象征主义先驱。
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Hester Prynne, the young protagonist of the novel The Scarlet Letter, is a woman condemned by her puritan neighbors. The character has been called among the first and most important female protagonists in American literature.
When I finish the novel, I have to say, I’m appreciate of Hester Prynne. As a poor woman, she couldn’t change the decision made by church. she was imprisoned, convicted of the crime of adultery, and sentenced to be forced to wear a prominent scarlet letter 'A' for the rest of her life. In that time, she was forced to away from the society, group of people, and in trouble. She continued living her life as a seamstress,女装裁缝师providing for herself and her child. But she hadn’t lose her hope for life, she used her own power to influence the Rev. Mr. Dimmesdale and Roger Chillingworth and the society with indifference and evil. And finally she changed the letter ‘A’ stand for Adultery to Angle. She is a great woman we should learn.
I usually think, it need courage, patient, and the passion for life. There are so many difficulties and discouragements in our whole life, we must face it and defeat it, have the perseverance 坚持不懈just like Hester Prynne.。