基于OPNET的高校网络优化仿真研究-毕业设计(论文)

本科毕业设计（论文）题目基于OPNET的高校网络优化仿真研究学生姓名杨才星学号1007050222教学院系电气信息学院专业年级通信工程2010级指导教师李伟勤职称副教授单位西南石油大学辅导教师职称单位完成日期2014年6月8日Southwest Petroleum UniversityGraduation ThesisSimulation Research for Universities Network Optimization Based on OPNETGrade: 2010Name: Yang CaixingSpeciality: Telecommunications EngineeringInstructor: Li WeiqinSchool of Electrical Engineering and Information2014-6摘要近年来，随着高校信息化的快速发展，校园网变得越来越复杂。

建设一个多业务、高性能、安全性的校园网，其投资规模非常巨大，需要一种有效的手段对校园网进行规划设计。

通过数学建模的方法过于复杂，根据实际经验进行规划的方法又不可靠，用实际设备搭建网络进行实验，成本太高。

利用网络仿真软件对校园网进行建模仿真分析成了最佳的选择。

本文基于OPNET的网络域、节点域、进程域三层建模机制对一般高校校园网进行网络建模，通过添加交换机、路由器、防火墙、服务器、局域网节点等，搭建校园网的网络模型，该校园网的节点总数为8503，其中学生宿舍的节点为5000，教工宿舍的节点为1000，可见校园网的规模还有很大的扩展空间。

收集并配置业务需求，针对网络延迟、网络负载、响应时间、链路利用率等影响网络性能的指标进行仿真分析。

通过在传统校园网模型的基础上添加网络结点及业务应用进行校园网扩展，仿真发现各局域网的链路利用率虽然得到了提升，但遇到了很大的瓶颈，网络性能急剧恶化。

针对以上问题，通过优化网络结构和参数，增加一台核心交换机、一台出口交换机、三台业务服务器、和流控设备，核心交换机的链路升级到1000BaseX，使校园网核心变成备份冗余的环状结构，在服务器之间实现负载均衡，使得网络性能得到很大的改善：网络延迟由之前的3.8s降低到0.5ms；FTP服务器负载由之前的20000bit/s下降到200bit/s；Database服务器负载由之前的100000bit/s下降到170bit/s；HTTP响应时间由之前的4.6s降低到3.4ms。

同时，通过对校园网进行VLAN和VLSM策略，核心交换机的数据转发量由3800packets/s降低到250packets/s，减少了广播风暴，增强了网络的安全性。

通过仿真发现校园网建设的关键点在网络核心的处理能力、链路带宽和服务器的负载能力及网络出口的性能，这正是校园网升级建设需要注意的关键问题。

关键词：校园网；OPNET；网络仿真AbstractIn recent years, with the rapid development of university information technology, campus network becomes complex increasingly. Building a multi-service, high performance, security of campus network means an enormous scale of investment, so it needs an effective means for the campus network planning and design. Through mathematical modeling method is too complicated, and planning method based on the actual experience is unreliable, besides those matters, building a network with real experimental equipment means high cost. Use of network simulation software on the campus network for modeling and simulation analysis has become the best choice naturally.This paper is to build network-model for general university campus net based on the network domains, domain node, process domains of OPNET three-layer modeling mechanism, by adding switches, routers, firewalls, servers, LAN node, etc., to build a network model of the campus network. The total nodes number of campus network is 8503, of which 5000 nodes for student dormitories, 1000 nodes for faculty quarters, which shows a great room for campus network expansion. It need us to collect and configure service requirements, simulate and analyze the indicators that impact on network performance, such as network delay, network load, response time, link utilization. Through adding network node and service applications based on the traditional model of the campus network to expand campus network, we found that link utilization of each LAN although has been improved, however, we have encountered a big bottleneck, and the network performance deteriorated sharply. To solve the above problems, by optimizing the network structure and parameters , adding a core switch and one outlet switch , three application servers and flow control equipment, core switches upgrade to 1000BaseT, which makes campus core network become the redundant backup cyclic structure , which realize load balancing among servers that has improved the network performance greatly, namely the network delay from the previous 3.8s down to 0.5ms, FTP server load decreased from the previous 20000bit/s to 200bit/s, Database server load from the previous 100000bit/s down to 170bit/s, HTTP response time from the previous 4.6s down to 3.4ms. Meanwhile, through applying the VLAN and VLSM strategy to campus network, the dataforwarding capacity of core switches from 3800packets/s down to 250packets/s, reducing the broadcast storm and enhancing the security of the network. Through simulation, we found that the key points of the campus network construction is that the processing power of core network, network export performance, link bandwidth and server load capacity , which is also the key issue for campus network updating. Key words: Campus Network; OPNET; Network Simulation目录1 绪论 (1)1.1 论文研究的背景 (1)1.2 国内外现状分析 (1)1.3 论文研究的主要内容及章节安排 (2)2 校园网性能指标与相关技术 (3)2.1校园网性能评价指标 (3)2.2 校园网的主要拓扑类型 (4)2.3 校园网关键设备 (6)2.4 校园网的主要技术 (8)2.4.1 交换及VLAN技术 (8)2.4.2 路由技术 (9)2.4.3 远程访问技术 (9)2.4.4 网络冗余技术 (10)3 OPNET网络仿真技术 (11)3.1 网络模拟和仿真技术 (11)3.2 OPNET仿真软件概述 (11)3.3 OPNET 14.5的安装与破解 (12)3.4 OPNET的重要概念 (15)3.5 OPNET仿真技术 (16)3.5.1 OPNET仿真机制 (16)3.5.2 OPNET通信机制 (17)3.5.3 OPNET建模机制 (19)3.5.4 OPNET仿真步骤 (21)4 OPNET下的校园网建模与仿真分析 (23)4.1 校园网的建模 (23)4.1.1 需求分析 (23)4.1.2 网络建模 (23)4.1.3 业务配置 (25)4.2 数据收集与仿真分析 (28)4.2.1节点模型和进程模型 (28)4.2.2 数据收集 (30)4.2.3 软件仿真 (32)4.2.4 数据分析 (34)4.3 增加节点及业务后的仿真分析 (38)4.3.1 节点及业务配置 (38)4.3.2 设定背景业务流 (40)4.3.3 仿真结果及分析 (41)4.4 本章总结 (46)5 校园网升级方案设计与性能分析 (47)5.1 方案选择 (47)5.2 校园网结构的改进 (47)5.3 改进后校园网的仿真分析 (49)5.3.1仿真结果分析 (49)5.3.2 划分VLAN前后性能比较 (54)5.4 校园网路由协议的分析 (57)5.4.1 RIP路由模拟与性能测试 (57)5.4.2 OSPF路由模拟与性能测试 (62)5.5 本章总结 (66)6 总结与展望 (67)谢辞 (70)参考文献 (71)附录 (72)基于OPNET的高校网络优化仿真研究1 绪论1.1 论文研究的背景近年来，随着网络技术的快速发展，高校的校园网也变得越来越复杂，传统的校园网已经不能满足师生们的上网需求。