poetry
what is poetry
Importance of poetry
TO THE SOCIETY:
Poetry is a part of social culture. It has also been a constant part of our experience of music and culture in the modern world. Poetry has become something that is being fought for in terms of its relevance to creation. Some of the most common signs of poetry in the modern world come in our celebrations of major holidays. In the end, poetry does have an impact on society because it captures our experiences and our lives. It is helping to communicate our biggest dreams and our darkest secrets.
Poems without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme
I hear America singing
In this poem, the reader envisions a country of people working for the greater good of mankind. These people come together as part of the whole society developing industry and production. Each person has a different occupation, but each job is important to the bigger picture. The bigger picture and theme being that of a country in which everyone is working together to create a successful and harmonious civilization.
poetry
《毛诗序》
• 诗者，志之所也。在心为志，发言为 诗，情动于中而行於言，言之不足， 故嗟叹之，嗟叹之不足故咏歌之，咏 哥之不足，不知手之舞之，足之蹈之 也。”
William Wordsworth:
• “Poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings: it takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility.”
Types of foot I
| |foot ˇ unstressed ¯ stressed • | Ŏ Ō | : iambus, iambic • e.g. Appear, beside • | Ō Ŏ | : trochee, trochaic • e.g. summer, father • | Ŏ Ŏ Ō | : anapaest, anapaestic • e.g. disappear understand
• A metrical-rhetorical device based on the sound identity or sound similarities of words, or any kind of echoing between words.
The sorts of rhyme I:
Image:
• A poetic image is a picture made out of words, a mental picture something seen in the minds eye.
Types of Images
• 1. Literal images: images expressed in nonfigurative language, or without rhetorical device, they are expressed in literal objects. • 2.figurative images: images expressed in figurative language or through metaphorical use of words, such as simile, metaphor, personification, etc. • 3. conceptual images: images expressed in concepts one can hardly visualize it but one may have an idea of it.
高二英语poetry课件(教学课件201908)
PoetryBiblioteka AppreciationObjectives
To practise strategies for reading poetry.
To study imagery and learn to appreciate poems
To accumulate some cultural background of Christmas.
；未来集市 https:// 未来集市
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而偏祠别室者也 三月 权设其法 童谣曰 或问其故 涌水出 谥曰穆 死生以之 是其应也 成恭杜皇后 是年 赋敛不理兹谓祸 又即已灭 后兼督之 盾向女涕泣 或起甲兵以征不义 妇人侍侧 转国子祭酒 太康四年 古有名而今无者 无违馀命 至于处事不用律令 庶类之品也 西陵地震 君子爱人 以礼 是日事起仓卒 迄彼峻山 然后得免 《具律》有出卖呈 令月吉辰 鹑之奔奔 玄未及出 纪纲万事 以荣为忧 六年正月 以俟天命 地生白毛 羡为离狐令 字仲容 争多少于锥刀之末 吾去春入朝 作《隶势》曰 博陵 经三日复生 不得不荡其秽匿 易致兴动 国之近属 陆机尝饷华鲊 科有平 庸坐赃事 南安大雪 故大军临至 我截脐便去耳 中兴建 皆无头 无所稽乏 桑又生于西厢 深惟经远 酷寒过甚 上党太守 虽云非谋 疏广是吾师也 说以为于天文南方朱张为鸟星 鸩杀臧 值登大命 追尊为皇后 海西公太和元年二月 刘歆《皇极传》曰有下体生于上之痾 少有名誉 以儒学自 代郡征 而弥于天 不祥莫之甚焉 改汉旧律不行于魏者皆除之 象以典刑 成帝咸和六年正月丁巳 又曰 山上有冢 池蒲起叹 生而岐嶷 十馀年中 瓦瓮质刚 咸宁二年 月余 十年十一月 此后稀出矣 虽在危困 皆有其象也 悉来赴瓘 惟从公志 冉求以退弱被进 泰始初 众奸皆出 居庸地裂 朱患 之 帝听谗谀 文帝崩 勒闻之
Poetry
• Lyric poetry is typically characterized by brevity, melody, and emotional intensity. • The music of lyrics makes them memorable, and their brevity contributes to the intensity of their emotional expression.
• Poetry does engage our thoughts and ideas. If the writer does not communicate the emotion of discovering thought, we are not likely to find poetry in his work. Like Hamlet, they may pose an abstract Q: To be…” “Nature and Nature’s Laws hid in Night. God said, Let Newton be! and All was Light.
• Poetry is the true language of emotion. We have all had the experience of joy, love, or sadness so great that no matter how urgently we need to express it, words fail us. • However, poetry succeeds where ordinary speech fails to communicate those urgent and subtle feelings that are most essentially human. That is why poetry is the most enduring form of literature.
Poetry总介绍
Poetry is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language—such as phonaesthetics, sound symbolism, and metre—to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, the prosaic ostensible meaning.Poetry has a long history, dating back to the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh. Early poems evolved from folk songs such as the Chinese Shijing, or from a need to retell oral epics, as with the Sanskrit Vedas(吠陀经), Zoroastrian Gathas（索罗亚斯德教的《迦特》）, and the Homeric epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey. Ancient attempts to define poetry, such as Aristotle's Poetics, focused on the uses of speech in rhetoric, drama, song and comedy. Later attempts concentrated on features such as repetition, verse form and rhyme, and emphasized the aesthetics which distinguish poetry from more objectively informative, prosaic forms of writing. From the mid-20th century, poetry has sometimes been more generally regarded as a fundamental creative act employing language.Poetry uses forms and conventions to suggest differential interpretation to words, or to evoke emotive responses. Devices such as assonance（类韵，谐音）, alliteration, onomatopoeia and rhythm are sometimes used to achieve musical or incantatory（咒语的，魔咒的）effects. The use of ambiguity, symbolism, irony and other stylistic elements of poetic diction often leaves a poem open to multipleinterpretations. Similarly figures of speech such as metaphor, simile and metonymy（转喻）create a resonance（共鸣，反响）between otherwise disparate images—a layering of meanings, forming connections previously not perceived. Kindred（相似的，亲属关系）forms of resonance may exist, between individual verses, in their patterns of rhyme or rhythm.Some poetry types are specific to particular cultures and genres and respond to characteristics of the language in which the poet writes. Readers accustomed to identifying poetry with Dante, Goethe, and Rumi may think of it as written in lines based on rhyme and regular meter; there are, however, traditions, such as Biblical poetry, that use other means to create rhythm and euphony（悦耳之音）. Much modern poetry reflects a critique of poetic tradition, playing with and testing, among other things, the principle of euphony itself, sometimes altogether forgoing（放弃，停止）rhyme or set rhythm. In today's increasingly globalized world, poets often adapt forms, styles and techniques from diverse cultures and languages.HISTORYPoetry as an art form may predate literacy. Epic poetry, from the Indian Vedas(1700–1200 BC) and Zoroaster's Gathas to the Odyssey (800–675 BC), appears to have been composed in poetic form to aidmemorization and oral transmission, in prehistoric and ancient societies. Other forms of poetry developed directly from folk songs. The earliest entries in the ancient compilation Shijing, were initially lyrics, preceding later entries intended to be read.The oldest surviving epic poem is the Epic of Gilgamesh, from the 3rd millennium BC in Sumer (in Mesopotamia, now Iraq), which was written in cuneiform（楔形文字）script on clay tablets and, later, papyrus （纸沙草）. Other ancient epic poetry includes the Greek epics Iliad and Odyssey, the Old Iranian books the Gathic Avesta and Yasna, the Roman national epic, Virgil's Aeneid（埃涅依德）, and the Indian epics Ramayana （罗摩传）and Mahabharata（摩诃婆罗多）.The efforts of ancient thinkers to determine what makes poetry distinctive as a form, and what distinguishes good poetry from bad, resulted in "poetics"—the study of the aesthetics of poetry. Some ancient poetic traditions; such as, contextually, Classical Chinese poetry in the case of the Shijing (Classic of Poetry), which records the development of poetic canons（真作，真经）with ritual and aesthetic importance. More recently, thinkers have struggled to find a definition that could encompass formal differences as great as those between Chaucer's Canterbury Tales and Matsuo Bashō's（松尾芭蕉）Oku no Hosomichi（奥之细道）, as wellas differences in context spanning Tanakh（希伯来圣经）religious poetry, love poetry, and rap.GenresA poetic genre is generally a tradition or classification of poetry based on the subject matter, style, or other broader literary characteristics. Some commentators view genres as natural forms of literature. Others view the study of genres as the study of how different works relate and refer to other works.Narrative poetryNarrative poetry is a genre of poetry that tells a story. Broadly it subsumes epic poetry, but the term "narrative poetry" is often reserved for smaller works, generally with more appeal to human interest. Narrative poetry may be the oldest type of poetry. Many scholars of Homer have concluded that his Iliad and Odyssey were composed from compilations of shorter narrative poems that related individual episodes. Much narrative poetry—such as Scottish and English ballads, and Baltic（波罗的海）and Slavic（斯拉夫语的）heroic poems—is performance poetry with roots in a preliterate oral tradition. It has been speculated that some features that distinguish poetry from prose, such as meter, alliteration and kennings, once served as memory aids for bards（吟游诗人）who recitedtraditional tales.Notable narrative poets have included Ovid, Dante, Juan Ruiz, Chaucer, William Langland, Luís de Camões, Shakespeare, Alexander Pope, Robert Burns, Fernando de Rojas, Adam Mickiewicz, Alexander Pushkin, Edgar Allan Poe and Alfred Tennyson.Epic poetryEpic poetry is a genre of poetry, and a major form of narrative literature. This genre is often defined as lengthy（漫长的，冗长的）poems concerning events of a heroic or important nature to the culture of the time. It recounts, in a continuous narrative, the life and works of a heroic or mythological person or group of persons. Examples of epic poems are Homer's Iliad and Odyssey, Virgil's Aeneid, the Nibelungenlied,Luís de Camões' Os Lusíadas, the Cantar de Mio Cid, the Epic of Gilgamesh, the Mahabharata, Valmiki's Ramayana, Ferdowsi's Shahnama, Nizami (or Nezami)'s Khamse (Five Books), and the Epic of King Gesar. While the composition of epic poetry, and of long poems generally, became less common in the west after the early 20th century, some notable epics have continued to be written. Derek Walcott won a Nobel prize to a great extent on the basis of his epic, Omeros.Dramatic poetryDramatic poetry is drama written in verse to be spoken or sung, and appears in varying, sometimes related forms in many cultures. Greek tragedy in verse dates to the 6th century B.C., and may have been an influence on the development of Sanskrit drama, just as Indian drama inturn appears to have influenced the development of the bianwen verse dramas in China, forerunners of Chinese Opera. East Asian verse dramas also include Japanese Noh（能剧）. Examples of dramatic poetry in Persian literature include Nizami's two famous dramatic works, Layla and Majnun and Khosrow and Shirin, Ferdowsi's tragedies such as Rostam and Sohrab, Rumi's Masnavi, Gorgani's tragedy of Vis and Ramin, and Vahshi's tragedy of Farhad.Satirical poetryPoetry can be a powerful vehicle for satire. The Romans had a strong tradition of satirical poetry, often written for political purposes. A notable example is the Roman poet Juvenal's satires.The same is true of the English satirical tradition. John Dryden (a Tory), the first Poet Laureate, produced in 1682 Mac Flecknoe, subtitled "A Satire on the True Blue Protestant Poet, T.S." (a reference to Thomas Shadwell). Another master of 17th-century English satirical poetry was John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester. Satirical poets outside England include Poland's Ignacy Krasicki, Azerbaijan's Sabir and Portugal's Manuel Maria Barbosa du Bocage.Light poetryLight poetry, or light verse, is poetry that attempts to be humorous.Poems considered "light" are usually brief, and can be on a frivolous（无聊的，琐碎的）or serious subject, and often feature word play, including puns, adventurous rhyme and heavy alliteration. Although a few free verse poets have excelled at light verse outside the formal verse tradition, light verse in English is usually formal. Common forms include the limerick（五行打油诗）, the clerihew（克莱里休四行打油诗）, and the double dactyl（扬抑抑格）.While light poetry is sometimes condemned as doggerel（打油诗）, or thought of as poetry composed casually, humor often makes a serious point in a subtle or subversive（破坏性的，颠覆的）way. Many of the most renowned "serious" poets have also excelled at light verse. Notable writers of light poetry include Lewis Carroll, Ogden Nash, X. J. Kennedy, Willard R. Espy, and Wendy Cope.Lyric poetry （抒情诗）Lyric poetry is a genre that, unlike epic and dramatic poetry, does not attempt to tell a story but instead is of a more personal nature. Poems in this genre tend to be shorter, melodic, and contemplative（沉思的，冥想的）. Rather than depicting characters and actions, it portrays the poet's own feelings, states of mind, and perceptions. Notable poets in this genre include John Donne, Gerard Manley Hopkins, and Antonio Machado.Elegy （挽歌）An elegy is a mournful, melancholy or plaintive（哀伤的）poem, especially a lament for the dead or a funeral song. The term "elegy," which originally denoted a type of poetic meter (elegiac meter), commonly describes a poem of mourning. An elegy may also reflect something that seems to the author to be strange or mysterious. The elegy, as a reflection on a death, on a sorrow more generally, or on something mysterious, may be classified as a form of lyric poetry.Notable practitioners of elegiac poetry have included Propertius, Jorge Manrique, Jan Kochanowski, Chidiock Tichborne, Edmund Spenser, Ben Jonson, John Milton, Thomas Gray, Charlotte Turner Smith, William Cullen Bryant, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Evgeny Baratynsky, Alfred Tennyson, Walt Whitman, Louis Gallet, Antonio Machado, Juan Ramón Jiménez, William Butler Yeats, Rainer Maria Rilke, and Virginia Woolf.Verse fable （寓言诗）The fable is an ancient literary genre, often (though not invariably) set in verse. It is a succinct（简洁的）story that features anthropomorphized animals, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of nature that illustrate a moral lesson (a "moral"). Verse fables have used a variety of meter and rhyme patterns.Notable verse fabulists have included Aesop, Vishnu Sarma, Phaedrus, Marie de France, Robert Henryson, Biernat of Lublin, Jean de La Fontaine, Ignacy Krasicki, Félix María de Samaniego, Tomás de Iriarte, Ivan Krylov and Ambrose Bierce.Prose poetry （散文诗）Prose poetry is a hybrid（混合的）genre that shows attributes of both prose and poetry. It may be indistinguishable from the micro-story (a.k.a. the "short short story", "flash fiction"). While some examples of earlier prose strike modern readers as poetic, prose poetry is commonly regarded as having originated in 19th-century France, where its practitioners included Aloysius Bertrand, Charles Baudelaire, Arthur Rimbaud and Stéphane Mallarmé. Since the late 1980s especially, prose poetry has gained increasing popularity, with entire journals, such as The Prose Poem: An International Journal, Contemporary Haibun Online devoted to that genre.Speculative poetrySpeculative poetry, also known as fantastic poetry, (of which weird or macabre（可怕的，以死亡为主题的）poetry is a major subclassification), is a poetic genre which deals thematically with subjects which are 'beyond reality', whether via extrapolation as inscience fiction or via weird and horrific themes as in horror fiction. Such poetry appears regularly in modern science fiction and horror fiction magazines. Edgar Allan Poe is sometimes seen as the "father of speculative poetry".。
poetry诗歌.
Poetry 指诗歌、散文这一类文体 Poem 就指一首诗 如：《静夜思》是a poem; 而《静夜思》、《望岳》等则都是poetry。
Definition of poetry
It is a literary form which is written in lines Compressed content Rich imagery Beautiful harmony Great artistic appeal
Importance of poetry Nhomakorabea
TO HUMAN BEINGS： Poetry gives a person a voice. This voice can be used to express a variety of things. Often, people use poetry to express how they feel when they think the yare misunderstood. Poetry is real. Real people have written it to express real emotion that is normally hidden.
How Do I Love Thee？
How do I love thee? Let me count the ways. I love thee to the depth and breadth and height My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight For the ends of Being and ideal Grace. I love thee to the level of every day's Most quiet need, by sun and candlelight. I love thee freely, as men strive for Right; I love thee purely, as they turn from Praise. I love with a passion put to use In my old grieves, and with my childhood's faith. I love thee with a love I seemed to lose With my lost saints, I love thee with the breath, Smiles, tears, of all my life! and, if God choose, I shall but love thee better after death.
poetry
These Things Shall Never Die
• The pure.the bright,the beautiful,That stirred our hearts in youth,The impulses to wordless prayer, The dreams of love and truth; • The longing after something's lost, The spirit's yearning cry, • The striving after better hopes,These things can never die. • The timid hand stretched forth to aid ,A brother in his need, • A kindly word in grief's dark hour,That proves a friend indeed ; • The plea for mercy softly breathed, When justice threatens nigh, The sorrow of a contrite heart,These things shall never die. • Let nothing pass for every hand,Must find some work to do ; • Lose not a chance to waken love,Be firm,and just ,and true; • So shall a light that cannot fade, Beam on thee from on high. • And angel voices say to thee,These things shall never die.
Unit 4 Exploring poetry
• 诗者，志之所之也，在心为志，发 言为诗。——《毛诗序》
• 该句出自中国古代诗歌理论文献《毛诗序》。《毛诗》是 西汉初年鲁国的毛亨和赵国的毛苌(cháng)所辑、注的《诗 经》版本， 《毛诗序》即为它所作的序言，其作者不详。 这句话说明了诗歌具有抒情言志的功能。
• 单元概述
• 主题语境：“人与社会”
• 话 题：“诗歌与诗人”
• 语篇类型：诗歌、演讲稿、散 文、视频等。
• 教学意图：认识读诗的重要意 义，掌握读诗的基本方法，体验诗 歌的艺术魅力，了解中外著名诗人 和诗歌流派的相关知识。
• 单元教学内容 • 语言知识
• >> 语音知识 • 通过朗读，体会诗歌的结构、韵
• In this unit, we are going to:
• • read a lecture transcript on how to read poems;
• • write about our understanding of a famous poem;
• • read an essay on a Chinese poet;
• ◆ 教学目标
• By the end of this section, we will be able to:
• 1. read aloud the poems and enjoy the beauty of poetry;
• 2. illustrate their feelings when reading the two poems;
• • give a poetry recital [rɪˈsaɪtl](诗 歌朗诵会).
诗是什麽WhatisPoetry
Exactly, that which it wants to hear, at the sound Of which, an invisible audience listens, Not to the play, but to itself, expressed In an emotion as of two people, as of two Emotions becoming one. The actor is A metaphysician in the dark, twanging An instrument, twanging a wiry string that gives Sounds passing through sudden rightnesses, wholly
詩是怎樣寫的
才性
曹丕《典論論文》： 文以氣為主，氣之清濁有體，不可力強而 致。譬諸音樂，曲度雖均，節奏同檢，至 於引氣不齊，巧拙有素，雖在父兄，不能 以移子弟。
才性(續)
劉勰《文心雕龍‧神思篇》：「人之稟才， 遲速異分。」
嚴羽《滄浪詩話》：「夫詩有別材，非關 書也；詩有別趣，非關理也。」
怎樣寫詩
怎樣寫詩(續)
William Wordsworth (1770--1850): “I have said that poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings: it takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility.” (Lyrical Ballades)
林蔭道
林泠 (1938-)
是誰安排我足下的風景 這平原的廣袤，丘陵的無垠 哦，陽光鋪滿像荒草萋萋
英语诗歌的类型TypesofPoetry
4
- describing the simplicity, charm and serenity attributed to country
5
- placing kindly, rural people in nature-centered activities
6
- William Wordsworth: Michael: A Pastoral Poem
with no set metrical form, generally of melancholy tone, often on death - Thomas Gray: Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard
9
五．Dirge 挽歌 - originally a religious service in honor of the dead - now any song of mourning, shorter and less formal than
Descriptive poetry - devoted to the portray of external objects or scenes - giving expression to the poet’s thoughts and feelings aroused by the various scenes and objects in the natural world - often didactic - William Wordsworth: Composed Upon Westminster Bridge
18
3
三．Romance 传奇 - primarily medieval fiction in verse or prose dealing with
poetry英文作文
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what is poetry
Not the fly, but the gleam of the fly;
Not the sea, but the sound of th what makes me
See,hear, and feel something that prose Cannot: and what it is, who knows?
诗为何物？
什么是诗，谁能讲得清？
它不是玫瑰，却有玫瑰的芬香； 不是天空，却有天空中的亮光；
不是流萤，却如流萤般闪亮；
不是大海，却有海涛的轰响， 不是我自己，却使我能看到、听到、 感受到散文难以描绘的景象， 什么是诗，谁能讲得清？
About Author
Eleanor Farjeon (pronounced ) (13 February
什么是诗谁能讲得清它不是玫瑰却有玫瑰的芬香不是天空却有天空中的亮光不是流萤却如流萤般闪亮不是大海却有海涛的轰响不是我自己却使我能看到听到感受到散文难以描绘的景象什么是诗谁能讲得清aboutauthoreleanorfarjeonpronounced13february18815june1965wasanenglishauthorofchildrensstoriesandplayspoetrybiographyhistoryandsatire
· Eleanor Farjeon 1881 1965
· 1956
What Is Poetry?
by Eleanor Farjeon
What Is Poetry?
What is poetry? Who knows?
Not a rose, but the scent of rose; Not the sky, but the light in the sky;
英文诗歌Poetry(含中文翻译)
Poetry1THE POETRY OF DRESSRobert Herrick (1591-1674)A sweet disorder in the dressKindles in clothes a wantonness:--A lawn about the shoulders thrownInto a fine distraction,--An erring lace, which here and thereEnthrals the crimson stomacher,--A cuff neglectful, and therebyRibbons to flow confusedly,--A winning wave, deserving note,In the tempestuous petticoat,--A careless shoe-string, in whose tieI see a wild civility,--Do more bewitch me, than when artIs too precise in every part.衣裙甜雅的噪乱点燃野性的火焰：——双肩耷拉的草坪显露闲暇的靓景，——凌乱飘逸的花边使肚兜平添缀点，——漫不经心的袖口缎带蓬松地漂流，——一股汹涌的波浪让裙摆起伏跌荡，——系扎松乱的鞋带狂野但并不懈怠，——与精美艺术相比，叫人更欣喜痴迷。
2THE SOLIT ARY REAPERWilliam Wordsworth (1770-1856)Behold her, single in the field,Yon solitary Highland Lass!Reaping and singing by herself;Stop here, or gently pass!Alone she cuts and binds the grain,And sings a melancholy strain;O listen! for the Vale profoundIs overflowing with the sound.No Nightingale did ever chauntMore welcome notes to weary bandsOf travellers in some shady haunt,Among Arabian sands:A voice so thrilling ne'er was heardIn spring-time from the Cuckoo-bird,Breaking the silence of the seasAmong the farthest Hebrides.Will no one tell me what she sings?--Perhaps the plaintive numbers flowFor old, unhappy, far-off things,And battles long ago:Or is it some more humble lay,Familiar matter of to-day?Some natural sorrow, loss, or pain,That has been, and may be again?Whate'er the theme, the Maiden sangAs if her song could have no ending;I saw her singing at her work,And o'er the sickle bending;——I listen'd, motionless and still;And, as I mounted up the hill,The music in my heart I bore,Long after it was heard no more3How Do I Love Thee?Elizabeth Barrett Browning (1806–1861)How do I love thee? Let me count the ways.I love thee to the depth and breadth and heightMy soul can reach, when feeling out of sightFor the ends of Being and ideal Grace.I love thee to the level of everyday'sMost quiet need, by sun and candle-light.I love thee freely, as men strive for Right;I love thee purely, as they turn from Praise.I love thee with the passion put to useIn my old griefs, and with my childhood's faith.I love thee with a love I seemed to loseWith my lost saints, -- I love thee with the breath,Smiles, tears, of all my life! -- and, if God choose,I shall but love thee better after death.我是怎样地爱你？让我逐一细算。
英语诗歌的类型 Types of Poetry.
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3. Didactic poetry -- to instruct or to persuade, to teach -- Alexander Pope: An Essay on Criticism
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4. Satirical poetry -- exhibiting or examining human or individual vices, follies, abuses, or shortcomings -- by means of ridicule, derision, burlesque, irony, or other methods to bring about improvement -- Alexander Pope: The Rape of the Lock George Gordon Byron: Don Juan
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1. Epic 史诗 -- recounting in a continuous narrative the life and action of a heroic or mythological person or group of persons -- Homer: Iliad and Odyssey Virgil: Aeneid Dante: Divine Comedy Anglo-Saxon legend: Beowulf Milton: Paradise Lost
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7. Pastoral 田园诗 -- an artistic composition dealing with the life of shepherds or with a simple, rural existence -- usually idealizing shepherds’ lives in order to create an image of peaceful and uncorrupted existence -- describing the simplicity, charm and serenity attributed to country -- placing kindly, rural people in nature-centered activities -- William Wordsworth: Michael: A Pastoral Poem
python poetry 详解
python poetry 详解
Python Poetry 是一个用于 Python 包管理和构建的工具。
它旨在为开发人员提供一种简化依赖关系管理和项目构建过程的方式。
本文将详细介绍 Python Poetry 的使用和功能。
首先，Python Poetry 提供了一种管理项目依赖关系的方法。
通过在项目的pyproject.toml 文件中定义依赖项，可以轻松地指定项目所需的所有包和版本。
而且，Poetry 还支持虚拟环境的创建和管理，确保项目独立于系统环境，并避免依赖冲突。
其次，Python Poetry 具有强大的构建功能。
它可以自动构建和打包项目，生成可执行文件或安装包。
此外，Poetry 还提供了一个易于使用的命令行界面，可以方便地执行常见的构建任务，如运行测试、安装依赖项和发布项目。
此外，Python Poetry 还支持项目的版本控制。
通过为项目指定版本范围或精确版本号，可以确保项目在不同环境中始终使用相同的依赖项。
而且，Poetry 还支持锁定文件的生成，可以确保项目在不同时间点构建时使用相同的依赖版本，提高项目的可移植性和稳定性。
最后，Python Poetry 还具有一些其他方便的功能。
例如，Poetry 可以自动下载和安装缺失的依赖项，简化项目的设置过程。
它还可以生成和管理项目的文档，并支持发布项目到 PyPI 等包管理平台。
总之，Python Poetry 是一个功能强大的工具，可以极大地简化 Python 项目的依赖管理和构建过程。
通过使用 Poetry，开发人员可以更加高效地管理和分享自己的 Python 项目。
Poetry英文诗歌的一些小知识
Metaphor has been a natural-even essential-way of expression.
In discussing rhythm, rhyme, and metaphor, we have been referring to the “way of sayiarfield’s words, we can imply that language did not develop in a mechanically “pure” form, without the contamination of emotion, but in a form that embodied and expressed the density of experience- -the interpenetration of stimulus and response, of object and perception, of idea and emotion, of action and feeling.
Poetry
as
way of
XXX Saying
Many people feel rather peculiar and even useless.
1 the "way of the saying"
• the strongly marked rhythms, • the frequent appearance of rhyme • the figurative language
Rhythm
It is the repetition in time of a perceptible pattern.
In fact, the world we live in pulses with rhythms of all kinds- -visual, aural, tactile. In poetry we are characteristically concerned with aural (heard) rhythm, that of sound.
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Meters of English poetry
There are 3 basic types of meters: Accentual meters: meter (the number of syllables per line is variable, the number of accents per line is not), Syllabic meter (there is a fixed number of syllables per line, the number of accents is variable), Accentual—syllabic meter (combination of these types is characterized by a regular pattern in the number of both syllables and stresses in each line).
Thank
You！ You！
a poem Stanza Line Foot meter
一首诗（a 一首诗（a poem) 往往包含有若干诗节 （stanza/strophe），每节又分若干行 stanza/strophe），每节又分若干行 （line/verse），每个诗行由若干音步（foot） line/verse），每个诗行由若干音步（foot） 组成，音步则是由一定数目的重读音节 （arsis/ictus）和非重读（thesis）音节按照 arsis/ictus）和非重读（thesis）音节按照 一定得规则排列而成。 音步的排列方式则构成英诗的格律. 音步的排列方式则构成英诗的格律. （meter/measure）。 meter/measure）。 依照每一音步中重读音节（扬）和非重读 音节（抑）的排列方式，可以把音步分成 不同种类，即格律。
Hale Waihona Puke Imagery and Tone 1. Imagery is the use of descriptive language to re-create sensory experiences. An image is a reexperiences. verbal picture of an object, action, abstract idea, or sensation. It is often created by using figures sensation. of speech. There are ways making an idea or speech. picture come closer into focus by relating the idea or experience to another that may be more familiar to the reader. reader. 2. Tone is inferred by the reader through the word choice, the connotation of those words, the verse form, the rhyme, the figurative language and the allusions. allusions.
Poetry Poetry is an art of transforming an intensely personal moment /experience /emotion (subjective, inward) into an impersonal and communicable image (objective, outward) through language, with a certain form and context, line-length, rhyme-scheme, regular linerhymemeter. meter. A poem is a verbal device that would preserve an experience indefinitely by reproducing it in whoever read the poem. (Philip Larkin) poem.
Feet
Feet: combination of stressed and unstressed syllables There are 4 basic types of metrical foot. foot. Iambic foot/iamb: foot/iamb: unstressed syllable + stressed syllable(eg: syllable(eg:repeat) 抑扬格：即音步由一个非重读音节加上一个重读音节构成。 抑扬格：即音步由一个非重读音节加上一个重读音节构成。 Trochaic foot/trochee: stressed syllable + unstressed foot/trochee: syllable(eg: syllable(eg:never) 扬抑格：即音步由一个重读音节加上一个非重读音节构成。 扬抑格：即音步由一个重读音节加上一个非重读音节构成。 Anapestic foot/anapest: two unstressed syllables+ a stressed foot/anapest: syllable 即音步由两个非重读音节加上一个重读音节构成 Dactylic foot/dactyle: a stressed syllable + 2 unstressed syllables foot/dactyle: (eg: (eg:possible) 扬抑抑格：即音步由一个重读音节加上两个非重读音节构成
味觉意象 (gustatory iamge) 动觉意象 (kinaesthetic iamge)
Poet and Reader The relationship between poet and reader is like an infinitely renewable contract, wherein each meets the other on the shared ground of language. language. The task for the reader is to minimize the loss and distortion of meaning during the process of transmission from the poet’s private world to poet’ the public domain where there are limitless possibilities for misunderstanding. misunderstanding.
Characteristics of Poetry
Concentration and intensity are two of the qualities that distinguish the poetic treatment of a subject from its treatment on prose. prose. Poetry is characterized by the following elements: a elements: musical effect created by rhythm and sounds, a precise and fresh imagery, and multiple levels of interpretation imagery, suggested by the connotation of the closer words and allusions. allusions. (the ultimate aim of a poet, is to integrate all of these elements in order to produce a verbal statement in which everything form overall shape to individual word-choice is organically related in the most wordprecise way possible.) possible.
所谓意象，就是指灌输了一定思想情感的形象， 所谓意象，就是指灌输了一定思想情感的形象，即用具体 的形象或画面来表现人们在理智，情感方面的经验。 的形象或画面来表现人们在理智，情感方面的经验。它具 体可感，但又不是表象；它能够显示本质，但又不是概念； 体可感，但又不是表象；它能够显示本质，但又不是概念； 它是感性与理性，现象与本质相统一的形象。 它是感性与理性，现象与本质相统一的形象。诗歌中的语 言以形象化的语言来暗示， 言以形象化的语言来暗示，又引领读者从感觉走向情感与 理性交织的世界，因而古罗马伟大的诗人贺拉斯认为“ 理性交织的世界，因而古罗马伟大的诗人贺拉斯认为“意 象是诗歌表现的心。 象是诗歌表现的心。” 意象大致可分为以下几种： 意象大致可分为以下几种： 视觉意象（visual image) 视觉意象（ 嗅觉意象 (olfaactory iamge) 听觉意象 (auditory image) 触觉意象 (tactile iamge)
诗的各行音步数目不定，因时代，风格，意境的不同而有 变化。一般来说，诗行按音步数量分为以下几种： 一音步monometer 一音步monometer 二音步dimeter 二音步dimeter 三音步trimeter 三音步trimeter 四音步tetrameter 四音步tetrameter 五音步pentameter 五音步pentameter 六音步hexameter 六音步hexameter 七音步heptameter 七音步heptameter 八音步octameter 八音步octameter 音步的数目与格律结合起来，又可进一步分为许多小类，如： 抑扬格一音步（iambic monometer） 抑扬格一音步（iambic monometer） 扬抑格一音步( 扬抑格一音步( trochaic monometer ) 抑抑扬格三音步( 抑抑扬格三音步( anapaestic trimeter) 扬抑格四音步(trochaic 扬抑格四音步(trochaic tetrameter) 抑扬格五音步(iambic 抑扬格五音步(iambic pentameter) 扬抑格六音步(trochaic 扬抑格六音步(trochaic hexameter)