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考研英语-20考研英语新题型1PDF

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20 考研英语新题型高高分
一一场考试一一次修行行积极备考自自信迎战
宋逸轩
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新题型到底考什么？
7选5 排序小小标题匹配题小小标题
《大大纲》规定新题型主要考查连贯性一一致性以及对文文章结构的理解
The time for sharpening pencils,
"Thirty years ago, it would have been
inconceivable to have imagined a ban on
smoking in the workplace or in pubs, and yet
that is what we have now. Are we willing to be
secretary, Andrew Lansley, who insisted the
government could not force people to make healthy
choices and promised to free businesses from public
health regulations.
issue, it has nothing to do with the

2023考研英语一新题型真题答案

2023考研英语一新题型真题答案业务课名称：英语一新题型考生须知：1.答案必须写在答题纸上，写在其他纸上无效。

2.答题时必须使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔做答，用其他答题不给分，不得使用涂改液。

三、新题型考察了排序题，出题形式与往年略有差异，给出了三个既定选项位置，并给出了8个选项，首段空缺，虽然出题形式略有差异但解题思路和难度并无差异，只要能看出指代即可轻松判断出首段，整体难度中等。

Reading Part BA. Last year marks the 150th anniversary of a series of Yellowstone photographs by the renowned landscape photographer William Henry Jackson. He captured the first-ever shots of iconic landmarks such as the Tetons, Old Faithful and the Colorado Rockies.B. Two centuries ago, the idea of preserving nature, rather than exploiting it, was a novel one to many U.S. settlers. One of the turning points in public support for land conservation efforts — and recognizing the magnificence of the Yellowstone region in particular — came in the form of vivid photographs.C As an effective Washington operator, Hayden sensed that he could capitalize on the expedition’s stunning visuals. He asked Jackson to print out large copies and distribute d them, along with reproductions of Moran’s paintings, to each member of Congress. “The visualization, particularly those photographs, really hit home that this is something that has to be protected,” says Murphy.D Though Native Americans (and later miner s and fur trappers) had long recognized the area’s riches, most Americans did not. That’s why Hayden’s expedition aimed to produce a fuller understanding of the Yellowstone River region, from its hot springs and waterfalls to its variety offlora and fauna. In addition to the entourage of scientists, the team also included artists: Painter Thomas Moran and photographer William Henry Jackson were charged with capturing this astounding natural beauty and sharing it with the world.E The journey officially began in Ogden, Utah, on June 8,1871. Over nearly four months, dozen of man made their way on horseback into Montana and traversed along the Yellowstone River and around Yellowstone lake. That fall, they concluded the survey in fort Bridger, WyomingF Though Native Americans (and later miners and fur trappers) had long recognized the area's riches, most Americans did not. That's why Hayden's expedition aimed to produce a fuller understanding of the yellowstone river region, from it's hot springs and waterfalls to its variety of flora and fauna. In addition to the entourge of scientists, the team also included artists : Painter Thomas Moran and photographer Jackson were charged with capturing this astounding natural beauty and sharing it with the world.G The bill proved largely popular and sailed through Congress with large majorities in favor. In quick succession, the Senate and House passed legislation protecting yellowstone in early 1872 . That March, President Ulysses S.Grant signed an act into law that established Yellowstone as the world's first national park. while some locals opposed to the designation, the decision was largely accepted-and Jackson's photos played a key role in the fight to protect the area. I don't believe that the legal protection would have happened in the timeframe that it did without those images , says Heather Hansen, journalist and author of Prophets and Moguls, Rangers and Rogues, Bisonord Bears : 100 years of the national Park Service.H Perhaps most importantly, the images provided documentary evidence that later made its way to government officials. Weeks after completing the expedition, Hayden collected his team’s observation into an extensive rep aimed at convincing Senators and Representatives, along withcolleagues at government agency like the department of Interior that Yellowstone ought to be preserved.答案：BAFEDHCG41. B 42. F 43. D 44. C 45. G。

考研英语一真题及答案(原题+答案+详解)

考研英语一真题及答案(原题+答案+详解)考研英语一真题及答案(原题+答案+详解)2019年的考研英语一真题是许多考生备考的焦点之一。

在这篇文章中，我们将为大家提供2019年考研英语一真题及答案的完整内容，并附上详细的解析。

篇章一：阅读理解阅读理解是英语一部分的重要组成部分。

它要求考生阅读并理解一篇文章，然后回答相应的问题。

下面是2019年考研英语一的一道阅读理解原题：Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.The era of artificial intelligence(AI) is upon us. It refers to the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings. There is a strong belief among experts that AI will play a crucial role in shaping our future. However, opinions on the potential impact of AI differ greatly.Some people argue that AI will lead to the loss of jobs, especially those that involve repetitive tasks. They claim that machines will replace human workers in industries like manufacturing and transportation, resulting in high unemployment rates. In contrast, others believe that AI will create more job opportunities. They argue that the development of AI will lead to theemergence of new industries and the need for skilled workers to design and maintain AI systems.In addition to concerns about employment, there are ethical issues surrounding AI. Questions have been raised about the potential misuse of AI-powered technologies. For example, facial recognition technology could be used by governments and corporations for surveillance purposes, raising concerns about privacy invasion.Despite the debates and concerns, AI is already making significant impact on various industries. For instance, in the field of healthcare, AI technologies are being used to analyze medical data and assist in diagnosis. In the education sector, AI-powered systems are helping teachers personalize learning materials for students. These examples demonstrate the potential of AI to improve our lives and transform industries.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?2. Why do some people believe that AI will lead to unemployment?3. What ethical issues are mentioned in the passage?4. How is AI currently used in healthcare?5. What does the author say about AI's potential?解析：1. What does the passage mainly discuss?本题要求考生确定文章主要讨论了什么。

研究生英语一参考答案

研究生英语一参考答案一、听力部分1. A) 根据对话内容，女士询问男士是否需要帮助，男士回答不需要，因为他已经熟悉这个地方了。

因此，正确答案是A。

2. B) 男士提到他正在寻找一家书店，女士告诉他书店在街对面。

正确答案是B。

3. C) 对话中女士提到她正在为即将到来的考试复习，因此正确答案是C。

4. D) 男士询问女士是否愿意和他一起去看电影，女士回答说如果时间允许的话她会去。

正确答案是D。

5. A) 女士询问男士是否已经完成了他的论文，男士回答说还没有，但很快就会完成。

正确答案是A。

6-10. 根据对话内容，可以分别得出以下答案：6. B)7. C)8. A)9. D) 10. B)二、阅读部分1. 根据文章第一段，作者提到了全球化对教育的影响，因此正确答案是A。

2. 文章第二段提到了不同国家教育体系的差异，正确答案是B。

3. 作者在第三段中讨论了教育的个性化需求，正确答案是C。

4. 第四段中提到了教育技术的发展，正确答案是D。

5. 文章最后一段强调了终身学习的重要性，正确答案是E。

三、完形填空1. 根据上下文，这里需要一个表示“尽管”的词，因此正确答案是Despite。

2. 这里需要一个表示“适应”的词，正确答案是Adapt。

3. 根据语境，这里需要一个表示“挑战”的词，正确答案是Challenges。

4. 这里需要一个表示“观点”的词，正确答案是Perspective。

5. 根据语境，这里需要一个表示“重要性”的词，正确答案是Importance。

6-20. 根据文章内容，可以分别得出以下答案：6. C)7. A)8. B)9. D) 10. E) 11. F) 12. G) 13. H) 14. I) 15. J) 16. K) 17. L) 18. M) 19. N) 20. O)四、翻译部分1. 原文：随着社会的发展，人们越来越重视环境保护。

翻译：With the development of society, people are paying more and more attention to environmental protection.2. 原文：教育不仅仅是学习知识，更重要的是培养个人的综合素质。

2023考研英语二新题型解答

2023考研英语二新题型解答2023考研英语二新题型解答一、小标题和英语一的小标题一样，英语二中的小标题同样不考察上下文的连接关系，并且语言相当简单，话题非常亲民。

在考察形式上可能会让考生选取标题，搭配段落，或者选取段落，搭配标题(目前为止只考了选取标题，搭配段落)。

不同于七选五和排序题，在小标题里，咱们需要读的内容相当少，只需要段落与短语之间配对即可;其次要准确找到段落的的主旨，咱们必须把整段看完了，进展总结。

因此，在小标题上，需要考生通读全文。

于是，我们可以总结出英语二小标题的做题步骤：1. 阅读题目，明确有几个干扰项2. 读首段，抓主旨(有全文题目的时候，尤其要关注题目)3. 读待选项(一般是小标题)4. 读信息(一般是段落)5. 进展信息匹配6. 检查当然在小标题中，有个小技巧，那就是同词或者同义词的复现(这一点出题人很喜欢在新题型里用到)。

考生可以运用这一特点技巧，来大致判断正确选项或者检查，但切忌一看到同词马上选，要注意干扰项等各种外部因素。

二、七选五七选五，名字大家很熟悉了，但性质却截然不同。

英语一中的七选五，考察的是上下文的连接关系;二英语二中的七选五，准确来说应该叫做信息匹配题，在考察形式上，一般会画张表格，左栏把五个文中的专有名词作为信息，右栏给出7个待选项，让考生根据文章，从中选出五个进展匹配。

英语二信息匹配题不考察段落与段落，或者句子与句子之间的上下文连接关系，而考察同学们挑选信息的才能。

所以说白了，在一定根底上，就看考生的眼睛亮不亮了。

那么，英语二信息匹配题的解题步骤就出来了：1. 阅读题目，明确有几个干扰项2. 读信息(即表格左栏5个专有名词)3. 读未知信息(即表格右栏7个选项)4. 回到文章，在文中圈出左栏专有名词(一般都是大写的，很好找;但是，要注意可能会隔段出现同一个专有名词或者代词，故搜寻信息的范围不应太小)5. 信息匹配6. 检验同时，考生应当知道，出题人考察的专有名词以及它匹配信息的顺序，一般按照文章构造来排序。

2021年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题参考答案一

2021年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题参考答案一2021年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）试题参考答案一、Section I Use of English (10 points)1.B2.A3.B4.D5. C6.B7. D8.B9.A 10.B 11.A 12.C 13.C 14.D 15.A16.C 17.A 18.C 19.D 20.D二、Section II Reading prehension (60 points) Part A(40 points)21.D 22.B 23. A 24. C 25.D 26. C 27.C 28.A 29. D 30.B 31.A 32.B 33.B 34.D 35.C 36.C 37.D 38.B 39.A 40.APart B (10 points)41. C 42. D 43. A 44. F 45. GPart C (10 points)自从亚里士多德时代以来，寻求普遍原则的探寻便已成为科学事业的特征。

从某些方面而言，这种对共性的追求诠释了科学的内涵。

牛顿的运动定律和达尔文的进化论都是将众多不同现象圈定在一个单一的解释性框架中。

46）物理学中，有一种方法将这种追求一致性的想法推向了极端，并试图找到一种适合宇宙万物的理论，即找到一个放之四海而皆准的方程式。

然而，不甚清楚的是就其所涵盖的方面和领域而言，这种单一理论过于简单化。

尽管如此，追求多样性的统一依然是一个主要目标。

自然科学的这种趋势在社会科学领域早已显而易见。

47）在社会科学中，达尔文主义似乎也提供了正确的解释，因为所有人类都有共同的起源；这样似乎就有理由假设，文化差异亦可追溯到更为一致的开端。

正如各种令人眼花缭乱的人类求偶仪式可能都被认为是性选择，也许世界上的语言、音乐、社会和宗教习俗，甚至历史的形式均具有普遍特征。

48）从共性中找出个性也许能使我们理解，复杂的文化行为是如何产生的，是什么在进化或认知方面指导着这种文化行为。

考研英语最新试题及答案

考研英语最新试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题2分）1. According to the passage, what is the main reason for the decline in honeybee populations?A) Increased use of pesticidesB) Climate changeC) Loss of habitatD) Disease答案：A2. What does the author suggest as a solution to the problemof declining honeybee populations?A) Reducing pesticide useB) Introducing new speciesC) Relocating coloniesD) Planting more flowers答案：A3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A) Honeybees are vital for pollination.B) The decline in honeybee populations has a significant impact on agriculture.C) The use of pesticides has no effect on honeybees.D) The author calls for immediate action to protect honeybees.答案：C4. What is the author's attitude towards the current situation of honeybee populations?A) OptimisticB) ConcernedC) IndifferentD) Disappointed答案：B5. What can be inferred from the passage about the future of honeybees?A) They will become extinct soon.B) Their numbers will increase if pesticides are reduced.C) They will adapt to the changing environment.D) Their future is uncertain.答案：D二、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）In recent years, there has been a significant decline in the number of honeybees, which has raised 6. concern among scientists and farmers alike. Honeybees play a crucial role in pollinating plants, including many of the crops that 7. our food supply. The decline in honeybees can be attributed to several factors, including the 8. use of pesticides, habitat loss, and climate change.Scientists are working on various strategies to protect honeybees, such as 9. alternative pesticides and promoting the planting of more flowers to provide habitats for bees. It is 10. that immediate action is taken to prevent further decline in honeybee populations.6. A) little B) much C) great D) small答案：C7. A) affect B) influence C) determine D) control答案：C8. A) excessive B) inadequate C) moderate D) sufficient答案：A9. A) developing B) manufacturing C) producing D) creating答案：A10. A) necessary B) possible C) unlikely D) impossible答案：A三、翻译（共20分，每题5分）1. 随着城市化进程的加快，农村地区面临着许多挑战。

2023年英语考研真题答案

2023英语考研真题答案【篇一：2023-2023年考研英语真题、答案及详解[精编版]】class=txt>section i use of englishdirections:read the following text. choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [a], [b], [c] or [d] on answer sheet 1. (10 points)research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are.the fruit-fly experiments described in carl zimmer‘s piece in the science times on tuesday. fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly to live shorter lives. this suggests that bulbs burn longer, that there is an in not being too terrifically bright.intelligence, it out, is a high-priced option. it takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow the starting line becauseit depends on learning—a gradual — instead of instinct. plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they‘ve apparently learned is when to is there an adaptive value to intelligence? that‘s the question behind this new research. i like it. instead of casting a wistful glance at all the specieswe‘ve left in the dust i.q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real of our own intelligence might be. this is the mind of every animal i‘ve ever met.research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would on humans if they had the chance. every cat with an owner, small-scale study in operant conditioning. we believe that animals ran the labs, they would test us to the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. they would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really of it there is. question: are humans actually aware of the world they live in? the results are inconclusive. 1.[a] suppose [b] consider[c] observe[d] imagine 2. [a] tended[b] feared [c] happened [d] threatened 3. [a] thinner[b] stabler [c]lighter [d] dimmer 4. [a] tendency [b] advantage[c] inclination [d] priority 5. [a] insists on[b] sums up [c] turns out [d] puts forward 6. [a] off[b] behind [c] over [d] along 7. [a] incredible[b] spontaneous [c]inevitable [d] gradual 8. [a] fight [b] doubt[c] stop[d] think19. [a] invisible[b] limited [c] indefinite[d] different10.[a] upward [b] forward [c] afterward [d] backward 11. [a] features[b] influences [c] results [d] costs 12. [a] outside[b]on[c] by [d] across 13. [a] deliver [b] carry [c] perform [d] apply 14. [a] by chance [b] in contrast [c] as usual[d] for instance 15. [a] if[b] unless[c] as[d] lest 16. [a] moderate [b] overcome [c] determine [d] reach 17. [a] at [b] for[c] after[d] with 18. [a] above all[b] after all [c] however[d] otherwise 19. [a] fundamental[b] comprehensive [c] equivalent [d] hostile 20. [a] by accident[b] in time [c] so far [d] better stillsection ii reading comprehensionpart adirections:read the following four texts. answer the questions below each text by choosing [a], [b], [c] or [d]. mark your answers on answer sheet 1. (40 points)text 1habits are a funny thing. we reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. ―not choice, but habit rules the ueflecting herd,‖ william wordsworth said in the 19th century.in the ever-changing 21st century, even the word ―habit‖ carries a negative connotation.so it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. but brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.but don‘t bother trying to kill off old habits; once thosethe hippocampus, they‘re there to stay. instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.―the fi rst thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,‖ says dawna markova, author of ―the open mind‖ and an executive change consultant for professional thinking partners. ―but we are taught instead to ?decide,‘ just as our president calls himself ?the decider.‘ ‖ she adds, however, that ―to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. agood innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.‖all of us work through problems in ways of which we‘re unaware, she says. researchers in the late 1960 covered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. at puberty, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only thosemodes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.the current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collabo rative modes of thought. ―this breaks the major rule in the american belief system — that anyone can do anything,‖ explains m. j. ryan, author of the 2023 book ―this year i will...‖ and ms. markova‘s business partner. ―that‘s a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. knowing what you‘re good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.‖ this is where developing new habits comes in.21. the view of wordsworth habit is claimed by being [a] casual [b] familiar [c] mechanical [d] changeable. 22. the researchers have discovered that the formation of habit can be [a] predicted [b] regulated [c] traced[d] guided 23.“ruts‖(in line one, paragraph 3) has closest meaning to [a] tracks [b] series [c] characteristics [d] connections24. ms. markova‘s comments suggest that the practice of standard testing [a] prevents new habits form being formed [b] no longer emphasizes commonness[c] maintains the inherent american thinking model [d] complies with the american belief system 25. ryan most probably agree that [a] ideas are born of a relaxing mind[b] innovativeness could be taught [c] decisiveness derives from fantastic ideas [d] curiosity activates creative mindstext 2it is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom – or at least confirm that he‘s the kid‘s dad. all he needs to do is shell our $30 for paternity testing kit (ptk) at his local drugstore – and another $120 to get the2results.more than 60,000 people have purchased the ptks since they first become available without prescriptions last years, according to doug fog, chief operating officer of identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits. more than two dozen companies sell dna tests directly to the public , ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more than $2500.among the most popular : paternity and kinship testing , which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and latest rage a many passionate genealogists-and supports businesses that offer to search for a family‘s geographic roots .most tests require collecting cells by webbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing. all tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare dna. but some observers are skeptical, ―there is a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing,‖ says trey duster, a new york university sociologist. he notes that each individual has many ancestors-numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back. yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the y chromosome inherited through men in a father‘s line or mitochondrial dna, which a passed down only from mothers. this dna can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other great-great-grandparents.critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collections to which a sample is compared. databases used by some companies don‘t rely on data collected systematically but rather lump together information from different research projects. this means that a dna database may differ depending on the company that processes the results. in addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation. 26.inpa ragraphs 1 and 2 , the text shows ptk‘s ______.[a]easy availability [b]flexibility in pricing[c] successful promotion[d] popularity with households 27. ptk is used to_______.[a] locate one‘s birth place [b] promote genetic research[c] identify parent-child kinship[d] choose children for adoption 28. skeptical observers believe that ancestry testing fails to______.[a]trace distant ancestors[b]rebuild reliable bloodlines [c]fully use genetic information[d]achieve the claimed accuracy29. in the last paragraph ,a problem commercial genetic testing faces is __________. [a]disorganized data collection[b]overlapping database building[c]excessive sample comparison[d]lack of patent evaluation.30. an appropriate title for the text is most likely tobe__________.[a] fors and againsts of dna testing [b] dna testing and it‘s problems [c] dna testing outside the lab [d] lies behind dna testingtext 3the relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike progress in both area is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. we are fortunate that is it, because new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. the findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.ironically, the first evidence for this idea appeared in the united states. not long ago, with the country entering a recessing and japan at its pre-bubble peak. the u.s. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of primary cause of the poor u.s. economic performance. japan was, and remains, the global leader in automotive-assembly productivity. yet the research revealed that the u.s. factories of honda nissan, and toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their japanese countere pants a result of the training that u.s. workers received on the job.more recently, while examing housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-english-speaking mexican workers in houston, texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry‘s work.what is the real relationship between education and economic development? we have to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even3when governments don‘t force it. after all, that‘s how education got started. when our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didn‘t have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food. only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things.as education improved, humanity‘s productivity potential, they could in turn afford more education. this increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance. thus poor countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education. a lack of formal education, however, doesn‘t constrain the ability of the developing world‘s workforce to substantially improve productivity for the forested future. onthe contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isn‘t developing more quickly there than it is.31. the author holds in paragraph 1 that the important of education in poor countries ____. [a] is subject groundless doubts [b] has fallen victim of bias [c] is conventional downgraded [d] has been overestimated 32. it is stated in paragraph 1 that construction of a new education system______. [a] challenges economists and politicians[b] takes efforts of generations [c] demands priority from the government [d] requires sufficient labor force 33.a major difference between the japanese and u.s workforces is that _____. [a] the japanese workforce is better disciplined [b] the japanese workforce is more productive [c] the u.s workforce has a better education [d] the u.s workforce is more organize 34. the author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged _____. [a] when people had enough time [b] prior to better ways of finding food [c] when people on longer went hung [d] as a result of pressure ongovernment 35. according to the last paragraph , development of education ______. [a] results directly from competitive environments [b] does not depend on economic performance [c] follows improved productivity[d] cannot afford political changestext 4the most thoroughly studied in the history of the new world are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century new england. according to the standard history of american philosophy, nowhere else in colonial america was ―so much important attached to inte llectual pursuits ‖ according to many books and articles, new england‘s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant puritan tradition in american intellectual life.to take this approach to the new englanders normally mean to start with the puritans‘ theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church-important subjects that we may not neglect. but in keeping with our examination ofsouthern intellectual life, we may consider the original puritans as carriers of european culture adjusting to new world circumstances. the new england colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity.the early settlers of massachusetts bay included men of impressive education and influence in england. `besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to massachusetts church in the decade after 1629,there were political leaders like john winthrop, an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the crown before he journeyed to boston. there men wrote and published extensively, reaching both new world and old world audiences, and giving new england an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.we should not forget , however, that most new englanders were less well educated. while few crafts men or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, the in thinking often had a traditional superstitionsquality. a tailor named john dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving england that is filled with signs. sexual confusion, economic frustrations , and religious hope-all name together in a decisive moment when he opened the bible, told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: ―come out from among them, touch no unclean thing , and i will be your god and you shall be my people.‖ one wonders what dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the bible that he heard in puritan churched.mean while , many settles had slighter religious commitments than dane‘s, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the new world for religion . ―our main end was to catch fish. ‖436. the author notes that in the seventeenth-century new england______. [a] puritan tradition dominated political life. [b] intellectual interests were encouraged.[c] politics benefited much from intellectual endeavors. [d] intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment.37. it is suggested in paragraph 2 that new englanders_______.[a] experienced a comparatively peaceful early history. [b] brought with them the culture of the old world [c] paid little attention to southern intellectual life [d] were obsessed with religious innovations38. the early ministers and political leaders in massachusetts bay______. [a] were famous in the new world for their writings[b] gained increasing importance in religious affairs[c] abandoned high positions before coming to the new world[d] created a new intellectual atmosphere in new england39. the story of john dane shows that less well-educated new englanders were often ___. [a] influenced by superstitions [b] troubled with religious beliefs [c] puzzled by church sermons [d] frustrated with family earnings 40. the text suggests that early settlers in new england__________. [a] were mostlyengaged in political activities [b] were motivated by an illusory prospect [c] came from different backgrounds.[d] left few formal records for later reference part bdirections:in the following text, some sentences have been removed. for questions (41-45), choose the most suitable one from the list a-g to fit into each of the numbered blank. there are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. mark your answers on answer sheet 1. (10 points)coinciding with the groundbreaking theory of biological evolution proposed by british naturalist charles darwin in the 1860s, british social philosopher herbert spencer put forward his own theory of biological and cultural evolution. spencer argued that all worldly phenomena, including human societies, changed over time, advancing toward perfection.41.____________.american social scientist lewis hey morgan introduced another theory of cultural evolution in the late 1800s. morgan,along with tylor, was one of the founders of modern anthropology. in his work, he attempted to show how all aspects of culture changed together in the evolution of societies.42._____________.in the early 1900s in north america, german-born american anthropologist franz boas developed a new theory of culture known as historical particularism. historical particularism, which emphasized the uniqueness of all cultures, gave new direction to anthropology. 43._____________ .boas felt that the culture of any society must be understood as the result of a unique history and not as one of many cultures belonging to a broader evolutionary stage or type of culture. 44._______________.historical particularism became a dominant approach to the study of culture in american anthropology, largely through the influence of many students of boas. but a number of anthropologists in the early 1900s also rejected the particularist theory of culture in favor of diffusionism. someattributed virtually every important cultural achievement to the inventions of a few, especially gifted peoples that, according to diffusionists, then spread to other cultures.45.________________.[a] other anthropologists believed that cultural innovations, such as inventions, had a single origin and passed from society to society. this theory was known as diffusionism. [b] in order to study particular cultures as completely as possible, boas became skilled in linguistics, the study of languages, and in physical anthropology, the study of human biology and anatomy.[c] he argued that human evolution was characterized by a struggle he called the ―survival of the fittest,‖ in which weaker races and societies must eventually be replaced by stronger, more advanced races and societies.[d] they also focused on important rituals that appeared to preserve a people‘s social5structure, such as initiation ceremonies that formally signify children‘s entrance into ad ulthood.[e] thus, in his view, diverse aspects of culture, such as the structure of families, forms of marriage, categories of kinship, ownership of property, forms of government, technology, and systems of food production, all changed as societies evolved.[f]supporters of the theory viewed as a collection of integrated parts that work together to keep a society functioning.[g] for example, british anthropologists grafton elliot smith and w. j. perry incorrectly suggested, on the basis of inadequate information, that farming, pottery making, and metallurgy all originated in ancient egypt and diffused throughout the world. in fact, all of these cultural developments occurred separately at different times in many parts of the world. part cdirections:read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into chinese. your translation should be written carefully on answer sheet 2. (10 points)there is a marked difference between the education which every one gets from living with others, and the deliberate educating of the young. in the former case the education is religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off evil influences; family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity; systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to and thrift, the intellectual and emotional reaction of the forms of human association under which the worlds work is carried on receives little attention as compared with physical output.but in dealing with the young, the fact of association itself as an immediate human【篇二：2023年考研英语一真题(附答案)】txt>section iuse of english research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are. 1the fruit-fly experiments described in carl zimmer?s piece in thescience times on tuesday. fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly 2to live shorter lives. this suggests that 3bulbs burn longer, that there is an 4 in not being too terrifically bright.intelligence, it 5 out, is a high-priced option. it takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow 6 the starting line because it depends on learning - a gradual 7 - instead of instinct. plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they?ve apparently learned is when to 8 .is there an adaptive value to 9 intelligence? that?s the question behind this new research. i like it. instead of casting a wistful glance 10 at all the species we?ve left in the dust i.q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real 11 of our own intelligence might be. this is 12the mind of every animal i?ve ever met.research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would 13on humans if they had the chance. every cat with an owner, 14, is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning. we believe that 15 animals ranthe labs, they would test us to 16the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. they would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really 17 , not merely how much of it there is.18 , they would hope to study a 19question: are humans actually aware of the world they live in? 20the results are inconclusive.1. [a] suppose [b] consider[c] observe [d] imagine2. [a] tended [b] feared [c] happened [d] threatened3. [a] thinner [b] stabler [c] lighter [d] dimmer4. [a] tendency [b] advantage [c] inclination [d] priority5. [a] insists on [b] sums up [c] turns out [d] puts forward6. [a] off[b] behind [c] over [d] along7. [a] incredible [b] spontaneous[c]inevitable [d] gradual8. [a] fight[b] doubt [c] stop [d] think9. [a] invisible [b] limited [c] indefinite[d] different10. [a] upward [b] forward [c] afterward[d] backward11. [a] features [b] influences [c] results[d] costs12. [a] outside [b] on [c] by [d] across13. [a] deliver [b] carry [c]perform [d] apply14. [a] by chance[b] in contrast [c] as usual [d] for instance15. [a] if[b] unless [c] as [d] lest16. [a] moderate [b] overcome [c] determine[d] reach17. [a] at [b] for[c] after [d] with18. [a] above all [b] after all [c] however[d] otherwise19. [a] fundamental[b] comprehensive [c] equivalent[d] hostile20. [a] by accident[b] in time[c] so far [d] better stillsection ii reading comprehensionpart atext1habits are a funny thing. we reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconsciouscomfort of familiar routine. “not choice, but habit rules the ueflecting herd,” wi lliam wordsworth said in the 19th century. in the ever-changing 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negative connotation. so it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. but brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.but don?t bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the hippocampus, they?re there to stay. instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.“the first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says dawna markova, author of “the open mind” and an executive change consultant for professional thinking partners. “but we are taught instead to ?decide,? just as ourpresident calls himself ?the decider.? ” she adds, however, that “to decide is to kil l off all possibilities but one. a good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”all of us work through problems in ways of which we?re unaware, she says. researchers in the late 1960 covered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. at puberty, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.the current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. “this breaks the major rule in the american belief system - that anyone can do anything,” explains m. j. ryan, author of the 2023 book “this year i will...” and ms. markova?s businesspartner. “that?s a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. knowing what you?re good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.” this is where developing new habits comes in.21. the view of wordsworth habit is claimed by beinga. casualb. familiarc. mechanicald. changeable.22. the researchers have discovered that the formation of habit can bea. predictedb. regulatedc. tracedd. guided23.” ruts”(in line one, paragraph 3) has closest meaning toa. tracksb. seriesc. characteristicsd. connections24. ms. markova?s comments suggest that the practice of standard testing ? a, prevents new habits form being formed b, no longer emphasizes commonnessc, maintains the inherent american thinking modeld, complies with the american belief system25. ryan most probably agree thata. ideas are born of a relaxing mindb. innovativeness could be taughtc. decisiveness derives from fantastic ideasd. curiosity activates creative mindstext 2it is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom - or at least confirm that he?s the kid?s dad. all he needs to do is shell our $30 for paternity testing kit (ptk) at his local drugstore - and another $120 to get the results.more than 60,000 people have purchased the ptks since they first become available without prescriptions last years, according to doug fog, chief operating officer of identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits. more than two dozen companies sell dna tests directly to the public , ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more than $2500.。

考研英语新题型都考察些什么

考研英语新题型都考察些什么考研英语新题型考察的内容▶一、概念解读新题型又称段落大意题，新题型的解答需要理解文章的段落大意。

考研英语新题型是一种以快速阅读为完成条件的阅读类题型补充。

包括选词填句题、排序题和小标题选择题三种题型，常考的为前两种。

▶二、考察类型7选5填空：是一种特殊的完型填空，把一篇文章的5个地方挖空，要求根据文章内容从给出的7段文字中选出正确的填到空白处，使语义对应，上下流畅。

5选5排序：将一篇文章原有顺序打乱，分为7-8个部分，要求考生根据文章内容将所列段落重新排序，其中有2-3段的位置已经给出，填剩下5个。

6选5标题：一篇文章给出6-7个概括句或小标题，这些文字或标题分别对应文中某一部分，要求考生从中选出5个标题填入文章空白处。

新题型虽然分很多种类型，具体的考法也不一样，但是它们的考核目的是一样的，都是考察考生对连贯性、一致性等语段特征以及文章结构的理解，要求考生从整体上而不是细节上把握文章的内容。

▶三、做题步骤(1)完形填句：第一，通读文章首段，迅速得知文章的大意。

第二，通读选项，在每个选项下标出该选项的大致意思，一遍做题时能迅速找到所需选项。

第三，根据各个空白处的所在位置，分析空白处的上下文，通过逻辑关系和语意内容分辨出选项分别属于文章那个部分，并尝试与空白处的上下文有机的衔接起来，选出正确答案。

第四，将所选选项带回原文，检查连贯性。

(2)排序题：第一，通读文章首段，大致了解文章的主旨，如果首段没有确定，则应通过阅读个选项先确定首段。

第二，迅速浏览各个选项，重点阅读各段首末句，概括出各个选项的大意，从而明确整个文章大致内容，了解各个选项之间的内在逻辑关系。

第三，根据各个段落的逻辑关系给选项排序。

第四，把文章按所选的顺序带进文章，检查段落顺序是否合理。

(3)小标题选择题第一，先通读各个选项，从选项中推断出相关段落的大致内容。

第二，细读所考段落，抓住每个主题句和核心词汇，正确答案常常是主题句的改写。

新疆考研英语试题及答案

新疆考研英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分）1. 文章主要讨论了什么主题？A. 环境保护的重要性B. 人工智能的发展C. 教育改革的挑战D. 经济发展的趋势答案：B2. 作者对于人工智能的态度是什么？A. 乐观的B. 悲观的C. 中立的D. 怀疑的答案：A3. 文章中提到了哪些人工智能的应用领域？A. 医疗、教育、交通B. 金融、零售、制造C. 农业、能源、物流D. 以上所有选项答案：D4. 根据文章，人工智能可能带来的最大挑战是什么？A. 隐私泄露B. 失业问题C. 道德伦理问题D. 技术安全问题5. 文章最后一段主要讨论了什么？A. 人工智能的未来发展趋势B. 人工智能对人类社会的积极影响C. 人工智能可能带来的负面影响D. 人工智能的伦理和法律问题答案：A二、完形填空（共20分）阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

In recent years, the popularity of cycling has grown significantly. More people are choosing to ride bikes instead of driving cars, which is good news for the environment. Cycling is not only a 6 healthy way to commute but also a fun activity that can be enjoyed by people of all ages.6. A. economicalB. efficientC. healthyD. convenient答案：C7. However, with the increase in the number of cyclists, there have been more accidents involving bikes and cars. To 7 this problem, many cities have started to implement bike lanes and traffic rules specifically designed for cyclists.7. A. avoidB. solveD. create答案：B8. These measures aim to make cycling safer and more 8 for everyone. They also encourage more people to cycle by providing a safer environment.8. A. enjoyableB. affordableC. accessibleD. efficient答案：A9. In addition to the environmental benefits, cycling has many other advantages. It can help to reduce traffic congestion and 9 the need for parking spaces.9. A. increaseB. decreaseC. expandD. limit答案：B10. Furthermore, cycling is a great way to improve physical fitness and mental well-being. It can also be a 10 form of exercise that can be done at any time.10. A. flexibleB. challengingC. intenseD. social答案：A三、翻译（共20分）将下列句子从英文翻译成中文。

XX考研英语新题型真题及答案

XX考研英语新题型真题及答案下面是为大家的新题型真题，希望对大家有所帮助。

Directions:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.[A]Be silly[B]Have fun[C]Express your emotions[D]Don't overthink it[E]Be easily pleased[F]Notice things[G]Ask for helpAs adults,it seems that we are constantly pursuing happiness,often with mixed results.Yet children appear to have it down to an art-and for the most part they don't need self-help books or therapy.instead,they look after their wellbeing instinctively,and usually more effectively than we do as grownups.Perhaps it's time to learn a few lessons from them.41.CWhat does a child do when he's sad?He cries.When he's angry?He shouts.Scared?Probably a bit of both.As we growup,we learn to control our emotions so they are manageable and don't dictate our behaviours,which is in many ways a good thing.But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions,especially negative ones.that's about as effective as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill.What we need to do is find a way to acknowledge and express what we feel appropriately,andthen-again.like children-move.42.EA couple of Christmases ago,my youngeststepdaughter,who was nine years old at the time ,got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas.It cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed,and couldn't stop talking aboutit.Too often we believe that a new job,bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finally be content,but the reality is these things have very little lasting impact on our happinesslevels.instead,being grateful for small things every day isa much better way to improve wellbeing.43.AHave you ever noticed how much children laugh?If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling,we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies increase good hormones like endorphins,improve blood flow to our hearts and even have a greater chance of fighting offenfection.All of which,of course,have a positive effect on happiness levels.44.BThe problem with being a grown up is that there's an awful lot of serious stuff to deal with-work,mortgage payments,figuring out what to cook for dinner.But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and it's important that we schedule in time to enjoy the things we love.Those things might besocial,sporting,creative or pletely random(dancing aroud the living room,anyone?)--it doesn't matter,so long asthey're enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects,such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if you're on a tight budget.45.DHaving said all of the above,it's important to add that we shouldn't try too hard to be happy.Scientists tell us this can backfire and actually have a negative impact on our wellbeing. As the Chinese philosopher Chuang Tzu is reported to have said:"Happiness is the absence of striving for happiness."And in that,once more,we need to look to the example of our children,to whom happiness is not a goal but a natural by product of the way they live.。

考研英语一真题新题型

考研英语一真题新题型考研英语一真题中的新题型近年来，考研英语一真题中出现了一种新的题型，给考生们带来了一定的挑战。

这个新题型不再是传统的阅读理解或完形填空，而是要求考生根据提供的材料进行写作。

这种新题型要求考生在有限的时间内，对所给的材料进行分析、归纳和总结，然后进行写作。

这对考生的写作能力和逻辑思维能力提出了更高的要求。

这种新题型的出现，旨在考察考生的综合能力。

传统的阅读理解和完形填空题目主要考察考生的阅读理解能力，而这种新题型则更注重考生的写作能力和思维逻辑能力。

考生需要在有限的时间内，对所给的材料进行深入分析，抓住材料的主旨和要点，并能够清晰地表达自己的观点和思路。

这对考生的写作能力和思维逻辑能力提出了更高的要求。

在应对这种新题型时，考生需要注意以下几点。

首先，要充分理解所给材料的内容。

材料可能是一篇文章、一段对话或一幅图表，考生需要仔细阅读、听取或观察，并理解材料的主旨和要点。

其次，要对材料进行分析和归纳。

考生可以将材料中的关键词和关键句进行提取和总结，以便更好地理解和把握材料的核心内容。

然后，要清晰地表达自己的观点和思路。

考生需要在有限的时间内，将自己对材料的理解和分析进行准确、简洁地表达出来。

最后，要注意语法和拼写的正确性。

在写作过程中，考生应尽量避免语法错误和拼写错误，以免影响文章的整体质量。

这种新题型的出现，对考生来说既是一种挑战，也是一种机遇。

它挑战了考生的写作能力和思维逻辑能力，要求考生在有限的时间内，准确地理解和分析所给的材料，并能够清晰地表达自己的观点和思路。

然而，它也为考生提供了展示自己综合能力的机会。

考生可以通过认真准备和练习，提高自己的写作能力和思维逻辑能力，从而在考试中取得好成绩。

为了应对这种新题型，考生可以采取以下几种方法。

首先，要多读多写。

通过多读英语文章，积累词汇和语法知识，并模仿优秀的英语写作，提高自己的写作能力。

其次，要多练习。

考生可以找一些相关的练习题，进行反复练习，熟悉这种新题型的要求和考点。

2019考研英语二新题型真题及答案解析

2019考研英语⼆新题型真题及答案解析 2019年考研英语⼆考试已经结束，⼩编为⼤家提供2019考研英语⼆新题型真题及答案解析，赶紧⼀起来看看答案解析吧！祝你好运！ 2019考研英语⼆新题型真题 Directions: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A–G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41–45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Five ways to make conversation with anyone in choosing a new home, Camille McClain’s kids have a single demand: a backyard. McClain’s little ones aren’t the only kids who have an option when it comes to housing, and in many cases youngsters’views weigh heavily on parents’ real estate decisions, according to a 2018 Harris Poll survey of more than 2000 US adults. While more families buck an older-generation proclivity to leave kids in the dark about real estate decisions, reality agents and psychologists have mixed views about the financial, personal and long-term effects kids’ opinions may have. The idea of involving children in a big decision is a great idea because it can help them feel a sense of control and ownership in what can be an overwhelming process, and Ryan Hooper, a clinical psychologist in Chicago. “Children may face serious difficulties in coping with significant moves, especially if it removes them from their current school or support system,” he said. Greg Jaroszewski, a real estate brokers with Gagliardo Realty Associates, said he’s not convinced that kids should be involved in selecting a home- but their options should be considered to regards to proximity to friends and social activities, if possible. Younger children should feel like they’re choosing their home- without actually getting a choice in the matter, said ADAM Bailey, a real estate attorney based in New York. Asking them questions about what they like about the backyard of a potential home will make them feel like they’re being included in the decision-making process, Bailey said. Many of the aspects of home buying aren’t a consideration for children, said Tracey Hampson, a real estate agent based in Santa Clarita, Calif. And placing too much emphasis on their opinions can ruin a fantastic home purchase. “Speaking with your children before you make a real estate decision is wise, but I wouldn’t base the purchasing decision solely on their opinions.” Hampson said. The other issue is that many children - especially older ones - may base their real estate knowledge on HGTV shows, said Aaron Norris of The Norris Group in Riverside , Calif . “They love Chip and Joanna Gaines just as much as the rest of us,” he said. “HGTV has seriously changed how people view real estate. It’s not shelter , it’s a lifestyle. With that mindset change come some serious money consequences.” Kids tend to get stuck in the features and the immediate benefits to them personally, Norris said. Parents need to remind their children that their needs and desires may change over time, said Julie Gurner, a real estate analyst with . “Their opinions can change tomorrow,” Gurner said. “Harsh as it may be to say, that decision should likely not be made contingent on a child’s opinions, but rather made for them with great consideration into what home can meet their needs best - and give them an opportunity to customize it a bit and make it their own.” This advice is more relevant now than ever before, even as more parents want to embrace the ideas of their children, despite the current housing crunch. 2019考研英语⼆新题型答案解析 41.【D】解析：根据Ryan Hooper定位到⽂章第四段和第五段，其中第五段提到：“Children may face serious difficulties in coping with significant moves, especially if it removes them from their current school or support system,” he said. 其中，significant moves和children都在D选项中复现，⽽children may face serious difficulties 与D选项中的..may pose challenges to children 是同义替换，故D为正确答案。

考研新题型真题答案

考研新题型真题答案考研一直都是许多大学生心中的一个梦想，然而，随着考研报名人数的不断增加，考试难度也在逐年提高。

除了传统的选择题、填空题和阅读理解题之外，最近几年考研中还出现了一种新的题型。

本文将对这种新题型进行分析，并提供针对性的解答策略。

首先，我们来了解一下这个题型是什么。

这个新题型被称为“论述题”，是考研中的一种较为特殊的题型。

与传统的选择题不同，论述题不仅要求考生找出正确答案，还需要考生展开响应的思考和论述。

通常，论述题会给出一个观点、一个问题或者一个命题，并要求考生就该观点、问题或命题进行回答。

这就要求考生具备一定的逻辑思维能力和文字表达能力。

接下来，我们将讨论一些解答论述题的有效策略。

首先，要明确论述的要求。

在回答论述题时，一定要仔细阅读题目，理解清楚所要求的意思和内容。

然后，及时进行思考。

在写作之前，先花一些时间思考论述的切入点和大致框架，这样能够更好地组织思路和写作结构。

接着，要注重逻辑思维。

无论是论述题还是其他类型的题目，逻辑思维都是非常重要的。

在解答论述题时，需要将自己的观点有机地串联起来，让论述更有逻辑性和连贯性。

此外，还要注重细节和论证。

在解答论述题时，可以通过引用实例、给出数据或者提供专业知识来支持自己的观点，从而增强论述的可信度。

最后，我们提供一份参考答案。

请注意，这只是一种可能的解答方式，具体的论述题回答应该根据实际情况来确定。

题目：某公司提出以“绿色科技”为理念进行产品研发，请你对其进行论述。

在当今社会，环境保护成为了人们关注的焦点之一。

为了应对严峻的环境问题，越来越多的企业开始注重绿色科技的研发与应用。

某公司提出以“绿色科技”为理念进行产品研发，这无疑是一个非常明智的举措。

首先，绿色科技可以有效减少资源消耗。

传统的技术和产品往往对环境产生巨大的影响，比如高能耗、高污染等。

而绿色科技则致力于开发更加环保、节能的技术和产品，减少资源的浪费。

例如，某公司可以研发出一种高效的太阳能发电装置，替代传统燃煤发电，从而减少能源的消耗和碳排放。

考研英语一新题型真题

考研英语一新题型真题考研英语一新题型真题近年来，考研英语一的新题型备受关注。

这一新题型旨在考察考生的综合英语能力，不再只是简单地测试语法和词汇掌握。

本文将对这一新题型进行探讨，并以具体的真题为例进行分析。

新题型的引入是为了更好地评估考生的综合英语能力，包括阅读理解、听力、写作和翻译等方面。

与传统的选择题不同，新题型要求考生根据所给材料进行综合性的分析和回答问题。

这种形式更加贴近实际应用场景，能够更好地考察考生的语言运用能力。

下面我们以一道真题为例，来看看新题型的具体要求和解题思路。

题目如下：Directions: In this section, you will hear three short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the passage you have just heard.1. What is the main topic of the passage?2. What is the speaker's opinion about online shopping?3. What are the advantages of online shopping mentioned in the passage?4. What is the speaker's advice for online shoppers?5. What can be inferred from the passage about traditional shopping?这道题目要求考生在听完短文后回答与短文相关的问题。

考研英语真题新题型

考研英语真题新题型近年来，考研英语的新题型越来越多，其中最引人注目的是阅读理解中出现的新题型。

这些新题型对考生的阅读能力、语言理解和逻辑思维能力提出了更高的要求。

本文将就考研英语新题型进行分析和讨论。

新题型一：文章缺失句子选择在阅读理解题目中，最常见的新题型是文章缺失句子选择。

这类题目给出一篇文章，要求考生从给出的选项中选择最适合填入文章空白处的句子。

这要求考生对文章整体结构和逻辑关系有很好的了解。

同时，考生需要通过对文章内容的理解和推理，选择与文章逻辑相符的选项。

在解答这类题目时，考生可以按照以下步骤进行：1.通读全文，了解文章的主题和大意；2.分析文章的结构和段落关系，确定每个段落的主题和重点；3.根据文章的逻辑关系，在空白处想象最可能填入的句子；4.从给出的选项中选择与自己想象的句子最相符的选项。

新题型二：文章标题选择另一个常见的新题型是文章标题选择题。

这类题目给出一篇文章，要求考生从给出的选项中选择最适合文章内容的标题。

这要求考生对文章的中心思想和主题进行准确理解，把握文章的核心意义。

在解答这类题目时，考生可以按照以下步骤进行：1.通读全文，理解文章的主旨和重点；2.分析文章的结构和表达方式，确定文章的中心思想；3.根据文章的中心思想，选择与之相符的标题。

新题型三：文章观点陈述除了文章缺失句子选择和文章标题选择，还有一类新题型是文章观点陈述。

在这类题目中，给出一篇文章，要求考生从选项中选择最能概括文章观点的句子。

这要求考生对文章的论证和观点进行准确理解，并选择与文章观点最相符的选项。

在解答这类题目时，考生可以按照以下步骤进行：1.通读全文，理解文章的观点和立场；2.找出文章中明确陈述的观点和论证部分；3.选取与文章观点和论证最相符的选项。

新题型四：文章段落排序除了阅读理解题目中的选择题型，还有一类新题型是文章段落排序。

这类题目给出一篇文章的段落，并要求考生将这些段落进行正确的顺序排列。

这要求考生对文章的结构和逻辑关系进行全面理解，准确把握文章的脉络和层次。

2023年考研英语一真题答案解析

考研英语一真题原文及答案解析完整版全国硕士硕士入学统一考试英语（一）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding “yes!” 1 helping you feel close and 2 to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a 3 of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you 4 getting sick this winter.In a recent study 5 over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs 6 the participants’ susceptibility to developing the common cold after being 7 to the virus .People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come 8 with a cold ,and the researchers 9 that the stress-reducing effects of hugging 10 about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. 11 among thosewho got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12 .“Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13 risk for colds that’s usually14 with stress,” notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging “is a marker of intimacy and helps 15 the feeling that others are there to help 16 difficulty.”Some experts 17 the stress-reducing , health-related bene fits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called “the bonding hormone” 18 it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain , and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it 19 in the brain, where it 20 mood, behavior and physiology.1．[A] Unlike [B] Besides [C] Despite [D] Throughout2．[A] connected [B] restricted [C] equal [D] inferior3．[A] choice [B] view [C] lesson [D] host4．[A] recall [B] forget [C] avoid [D] keep5．[A] collecting [B] involving [C] guiding [D] affecting6．[A] of [B] in [C] at [D] on7．[A] devoted [B] exposed [C] lost [D] attracted8．[A] across [B] along [C] down [D] out9．[A] calculated [B] denied [C] doubted [D] imagined10．[A] served [B] required [C] restored [D] explained11．[A] Even [B] Still [C] Rather [D] Thus12．[A] defeats [B] symptoms [C] tests [D] errors13．[A] minimized [B] highlighted [C] controlled [D] increased14．[A] equipped [B] associated [C] presented [D] compared15．[A] assess [B] moderate [C] generate [D] record16．[A] in the face of [B] in the form of [C] in the way of [D] in the name of17．[A] transfer [B] commit [C] attribute [D] return18．[A] because [B] unless [C] though [D] until19．[A] emerges [B] vanishes [C] remains [D] decreases20．[A] experiences [B] combines [C] justifies [D]influences \Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours , now three hours—this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight , at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans’ economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons---both fake and real—past airport security nearly every time they tried .Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving Chicago’s O’Hare International .It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become—but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel , so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock. Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck’s fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.21. According to Paragraph 1, Parkrun has_____.[A] gained great popularity[B] created many jobs[C]strengthened community ties[D] become an official festival22. The author believes that London’s Olympic “legacy” h as failed to _____.[A] boost population growth[B] promote sport participation[C]improve the city’s image[D] increase sport hours in schools23. Parkrun is different form Olympic games in that it ____.[A] aims at discovering talents[B] focuses on mass competition[C] does not emphasize elitism[D] does not attract first-timers24. With regard to mass sports, the author holds that governments should______.[A] organize “grassroots” sports events[B] supervise local sports associations[C] increase funds for sports clubs[D] invest in pubic sports facilities25. The author’s attitude to what UK governments have to done for sports is _____.[A]tolerant[B] critical[C]uncertain[D]sympatheticText 2“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,” wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii’s last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity’s view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMT’s planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko , that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world’s most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea’s peak rises above the bulk of our planet’s dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environments have long viewed their presence as disrespect for sacred land and apainful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is the only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea’s fragile ecosys tems or its holiness to the island’s inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past; it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii’s shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMT site was chosen to minimize thetelescope’s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.26. Queen Liliuokalani’s remark in Paragraph 1 indicates[A] its conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.[B] the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.[C] the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.[D] her appreciation of star watcher s’ feats in her time.27. Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to[A] its geographical features[B] its protective surroundings.[C] its religious implications.[D] its existing infrastructure.28. The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because[A] it may risk ruining their intellectual life.[B] it reminds them of a humiliating history.[C] their culture will lose a chance of revival.[D] they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.29. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today’s astronomy[A] is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.[B] helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.[C] may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.[D] will eventually soften Hawaiians’ hostility.30. Th e author’s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of[A] severe criticism.[B] passive acceptance.[C] slight hesitancy.[D] full approval.Text 3Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures “everything except that which makes life worthwhile.” With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have beenmeasured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges , there are a number of consistent themes . Yes , there has been a budding economic recovery since the global crash , but in key indicators in areas such as health and education , major economies have continued to decline . Yet this isn’t the case with all countries . Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society , income equality and the environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn : When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success, the world looks very different .So, what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations , as a measure , it is no longer enough . It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes –all things that contribute to a person’s sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services wedepend on for our well-being and for growth . But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress .31.Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he[A]praised the UK for its GDP.[B]identified GDP with happiness .[C]misinterpreted the role of GDP .[D]had a low opinion of GDP .32.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that[A]the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern .[B]GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK .[C]the UK will contribute less to the world economy .[D]policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP .33.Which of the following is true about the recent annual study ?[A]It is sponsored by 163 countries .[B]It excludes GDP as an indicator.[C]Its criteria are questionable .[D]Its results are enlightening .34.In the last two paragraphs , the author suggests that[A]the UK is preparing for an economic boom .[B]high GDP foreshadows an economic decline .[C]it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP .[D]it requires caution to handle economic issues .35.Which of the following is the best title for the text ?[A]High GDP But Inadequate Well-being , a UK Lesson[B]GDP Figures , a Window on Global Economic Health[C]Rebort F. Kennedy , a Terminator of GDP[D]Brexit, the UK’s Gateway to Well-beingText 4In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell’s trial failed to tell a jury that it mus t look only at his “official acts,” or the former governor’s decisions on “specific” and “unsettled” issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is “distasteful” and “nasty.” But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, or hosting an event is not an “official act”.The court’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution for bribery.” The basic compact underlying representative government,” wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court,” assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.”But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality ofaccess to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requires well-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader’s source o f wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of access for average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society—that all are equal in treatment by government—is undermined. Good governance rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court’s ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36. The undermined sentence (Para.1) most probably shows that the court[A] avoided defining the extent of McDonnell’s duties.[B] made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C] was contemptuous of McDonnell’s conduct.[D] refused to comment on McDonnell’s ethics.37. According to Paragraph 4, an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves[A] leaking secrets intentionally.[B] sizable gains in the form of gifts.[C] concrete returns for gift-givers.[D] breaking contracts officially.38. The court’s ruling is based on the assumption that public officials are[A] justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.[B] qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.[C] allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.[D] exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.39. Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to[A] awaken the conscience of officials.[B] guarantee fair play in official access.[C] allow for certain kinds of lobbying.[D] inspire hopes in average people.40. The author’s attitude toward the court’s ruling is[A] sarcastic.[B] tolerant.[C] skeptical.[D] supportivePart BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered box. Paragraphs B and D have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)[A]The first published sketch, “A Dinner at Poplar Walk” brought tears to Dickens’s eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine. From then on his sketches ,which appeared under the pen name “Boz” in The Evening Chronicle, earned him a modest reputation.[B]The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers, as it is generally known today, secured Dickens’s fame. There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars, and the plump, spectacled hero, Samuel Pickwick, became a national figure.[C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared, a publishing firm approached Dickens to write a story in monthly installments, as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the ten-famous artist Robert Seymour, who had originated the idea for the story. With characteristic confidence, Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour’s pictures illustrate his own story instead. After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose. Seymour made the change, went into his backyard, and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide. Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist. The comic novel, The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, appeared serially in 1836 and 1837, and was first published in book form in 1837.[D]Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and, to many people, the greatest English novelist of the 19th century. A moralist, satirist, and social reformer. Dickens crafted complexplots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.[E]Soon after his father’s release from prison, Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices. He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament. At the same time, Dickens, who had a reporter’s eye for transcribing the life around him especially anything comic or odd, submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.[F] Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England’s southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British navy pay office –a respectable position, but wish little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Di cken’s mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dicken’s birth, his mother’s father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family’s increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work i n Warren’s Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as “the young gentleman.” His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his father’s imprisonment and his laborin the blacking factory formed Dick en’s greatest wound and became his deepest secret. He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.[G] After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker world. In Oliver Twist, e traces an orpha n’s progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums of London. Nicholas Nickleby, his next novel, combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick. The popularity of these novels consolidated Dichens’ as a nationally and internationall y celebrated man of letters.D → 41. → 42. → 43. → 44. → B →45.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades.(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that,(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do notappear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish ,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to &10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50) It gives a basis to all organizationwhich seek to promote the learning and very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.Section III WritingPart A51. Directions：You are to write an email to James Cook , a newly-arrived Australian professor , recommending some tourist attractions in your city . Please give reasons for your recommendation .You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET .Do not sign your own name at the end of the email . Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address . (10 points)Part B52. Directions：Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following pictures. In your essay , you should1）describe the pictures briefly,2）interpret the meaning , and3）give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.( 20 points ) Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!" 1 helping you feel close and 2 to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a 3 of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you 4 getting sick this winter.In a recent study 5 over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs 6 the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being 7 to the virus .People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come 8 with a cold ,and the researchers 9 that the stress-reducing effects of hugging 10about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. 11 among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12 ."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13 risk for colds that's usually 14 with stress," notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging "is a marker of intimacy and helps 15 the feeling that others are there to help 16 difficulty."Some experts 17 the stress-reducing , health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone" 18 it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain , and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it 19 in the brain, where it 20 mood, behavior and physiology.1．[A] Unlike [B] Besides [C] Despite [D] Throughout【答案】[B] Besides2．[A] connected [B] restricted [C] equal [D] inferior【答案】[A] connected3．[A] choice [B] view [C] lesson [D] host【答案】[D] host4．[A] recall [B] forget [C] avoid [D] keep【答案】[C] avoid5．[A] collecting [B] involving [C] guiding [D] affecting 【答案】[B] involving6．[A] of [B] in [C] at [D] on【答案】[D] on7．[A] devoted [B] exposed [C] lost [D] attracted【答案】[B] exposed8．[A] across [B] along [C] down [D] out【答案】[C] down9．[A] calculated [B] denied [C] doubted [D] imagined 【答案】[A] calculated10．[A] served [B] required [C] restored [D] explained 【答案】[D] explained11．[A] Even [B] Still [C] Rather [D] Thus【答案】[A] Even12．[A] defeats [B] symptoms [C] tests [D] errors。

新考研英语真题及解析

2002二、试题具体解析21. 要使自己的幽默让人发笑,你应当 _ ;A 利用不同类型的听众B 取笑杂乱无章的人C 对不同的人谈不同的问题D 对你的听众表示同情答案 C解析本题考核的知识点是：段落主旨题;本题考查的是局部信息,考生关键要理解第一段;该段首句指出,如果你想在谈话中用幽默使人发笑,你就必须知道如何辨别共同的经历和共同的问题;接着作者又对此进行了解释,即：你的幽默必须与听众相关,显示你是他们中的一员,或你理解他们的处境并赞成他们的观点;作者在第三句得出结论,即“Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different 针对不同的听众,谈及不同的问题”;由此可知,C选项恰好是对该段中心的概括,为正确答案;A选项虽然在某种程度上谈到了“不同的听众”的重要性,但没有接着阐述听众不同应该怎样做,而且它出现了文中没有的内容：利用听众;B选项是该段最后举例说明的内容,if you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses;但这只是用来论证“听众不同问题不同”这个论点的一个具体个案,缺乏普遍性,无法由此而得出取笑他们就总会使幽默起作用的结论,因此不能选;D选项就是该段第二句谈到的in sympathy with their point of view,但是它仅仅是“对不同的人谈不同的问题”这个中心论点的部分解释,不具备完整性和概括性;答题技巧：本题要求考生透过字里行间去把握段落主题句;注意主题句一般是观点而非描写、说明或事实;段落中除了表观点的主题句外,其他的内容一般起说明或论证作用,并且,主题句大都具有归纳性、概括性、抽象性等特点;22. 从那个关于医生的笑话里推出护士对医生的看法是他们____;A 对新来的人没有礼貌B 非常在乎自己上帝般的角色C 享有某些特权D 用午餐时都很忙答案 B解析本题考核的知识点是：推理引申题;本题考查考生概括理解具体例子的能力,考生关键要把握作者通过举例手法所表达的观点;作者在第二段讲述了一则嘲笑医生的笑话;笑话中上帝的动作rush to grab 和stomp over都表明了上帝的傲慢和目中无人,而圣彼德的话“但是有时他认为自己是一名医生”表明医生也有同样的特点,即无礼、傲慢、自以为像上帝一样;由此可知,B选项为正确答案;A选项不是笑话中暗示的医生的普遍特点,我们无法从笑话中得出医生对所有新来的人都不礼貌;而C选项和D选项都没有嘲笑他们的意味,因此也不对;23. It can be inferred from the text that publicservices .A have benefited many peopleB are the focus of public attentionC are an inappropriate subject for humorD have often been the laughing stock 23. 从文中可以推出,公共服务____;A 给许多人带来利益B 是公众注意的焦点C 不适合作为幽默的笑料D 经常是大家的笑料答案 D解析本题考核的知识点是：推理引申题;本题要求考生根据第三段的内容去推测最后一句的含义;文章第三段指出,如果谈话者是听话者中的一分子,就可以用双方共同的经历作为幽默的素材,否则,这样做就不合适;最后指出,这时如果拿公共服务行业作为替罪羊scapegoats去评论,你就会处于安全境地;这就说明即使对不同的听众也可以以它们为笑料,也就是说它们是大家经常谈论的笑料;因此D选项为正确答案;C 选项恰与原文意思相悖;A 选项未提到,因为当作笑料并非就是带来利益;B选项似乎也有道理,但是他的针对性不如D选项;24. To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered .A in well-worded languageB as awkwardly as possibleC in exaggerated statementsD as casually as possible24.为了达到预期的效果,幽默故事应该以____方式讲述;A 话语措辞得当；B 尽可能地不自然；C 用夸张的词语；D 尽可能自然;答案 D解析本题考核的知识点是：段落主旨题;本题要求考生理解第四段的主题思想;文章第四段指出,如果在讲述幽默时感到有些不自然,就必须加以练习,使之变得更自然;你可以加入一些随便的、看上去是即兴off-the-cuff的话,用轻松的、自然的方式把它说出来;让听众发笑的通常是讲述幽默的过程,因此应该放慢语速,再加上一些表情,这些都在告诉人们你在讲述笑话;从该段的一些关键词natural,relaxed,unforced和light-hearted等,都可看出D选项才是讲幽默故事的正确方法;A选项是文中未出现的内容；B选项与文章内容相悖；C选项是在第五段中谈到搜集幽默素材时应该留意的内容之一,只是列举,同样不具有概括性,因而不能入选25. 这篇文章最好的标题是 ;A 有效地使用幽默B 各种各样的幽默C 在谈话中添加幽默D 不同的幽默策答案A解析本题考核的知识点是：文章主旨题;本题考的是对全文的理解,是总括题,要求考生综合各段主题找出全文的主旨;文章第一至三段谈的是选择恰当的幽默话题,以求实现幽默效果；第四段谈论的是自然随意的幽默,可以达到幽默效果；第五段建议人们留意幽默,并指出了幽默可能存在的地方,也就是实现幽默的一些策略方法;因此可知,A选项是全文都在谈论的论点,为正确的答案;B选项不符合文章的主要内容,因为文中并未举出幽默有哪些种类;C选项也不是全文探讨的问题;D选项只是最后一段间接涉及的一些内容,如：对一句常言进行歪曲,玩弄语言文字或情景,夸大其词或是故意地轻描淡写等以求实现幽默的效果,因此无法概括全篇;四、核心词汇与超纲词汇1 identifyv.认出,识别；鉴定；identificationn.识别,身份证明,简写成ID;2 sympathyn.同情,同感；be in～with sb./sth. 同意,赞同;如：We are all in～with your proposals. sym-前缀表示“相同的”；anti-表示“相反的”,如：antipathy反感;3 addressv.与…说话,向…致辞,演说；从事,忙于4 alternativelyad.作为选择,或者；这个词在写作中常用来引导另外一个平行的观点或意见；alternativea./n.二者择一的,选择性的5 conventionn.大会,协定,习俗,惯例；conventionala.6 accommodationsn.住处,住所；座位,车厢；适应；便利的设备,有帮助的事物7 St. Peter 圣彼德,St.是Saint的缩写,是人们对耶稣基督的尊称;8 stompn./v.跺脚,践踏,重踏9 passinga.经过的,短暂的,匆匆的,随便的,偶然的,及格的10 notoriousa.声名狼藉的,臭名昭着的；notorious是一个贬义词;表示“名气很大”的贬义词还有infamous;褒义词很多,如：famous,well-known,renowned等;11resentv.愤恨,怨恨,对…感觉不愉快；resentmentn.12disparaginga.蔑视的,轻视的,毁谤的13scapegoatn.替罪羊;记住goat,与“羊”有关的词语还有black sheep害群之马;14understatementn.一种修辞手法,故意的轻描淡写；under-前缀表示“未达,未满,不足”,如：undertreatment处理不足或不力,underestimate,underripe不成熟的;15turn about转变,改变意见,转身,反复思考五、全文翻译如果你想在谈话中用幽默来使人发笑,你就必须知道如何识别共同的经历和共同的问题;你的幽默必须与听众有关,向他们表明你是他们中的一员,或者你了解他们的处境并同情他们的观点;长难句①根据谈话对象的不同,问题也有所不同;佳句①如果你在和一群经理谈话,你就可以评论他们秘书紊乱的工作方法；相反,如果你在和一群秘书谈话,你就可以评论他们毫无章法的老板;佳句②下面举一个例子,它是我在一个护士大会上听到的;这个故事效果很好,因为听众对医生都有同样的看法;长难句②一个人到了天堂,由圣彼得带着他参观;他看到了豪华的住宅、美丽的花园、晴朗的天气等等;所有人都很安静、礼貌和友善,然而当这位新来的人在排队等候午餐时,突然被一位穿白大褂的人推到一旁;只见这人挤到了队伍的前头,抓起他的食物,噔噔地旁若无人地走到一张餐桌旁;“这是谁啊”新来的人问圣彼得,“哦,那是上帝,”他回答说,“但有时也认为自己是一名医生;”如果你是你谈话对象集体中的一员,你就有条件去了解你们所共有的经历和问题,你就可对餐厅极难吃的食物或者总裁在选择领带方面差劲的品味进行评头论足;长难句③而对于其他听众,你就不能试图贸然地讲这种幽默,因为他们也许不喜欢外人对他们的餐厅或总裁有如此微词;长难句④但如果你选择去评论邮局或电话局这样的替罪羊,那你就会很安全;如果你在幽默时感到很别扭,你应该进行练习使它变得更自然;包括一些很随便的、看上去是即兴的话,你可以用轻松的、不做作的方式把它们说出来;常常是你说话的方式使听众发笑,因此说慢一些,并且记住扬扬眉毛或者做出一种不相信的表情都会向人们显示你正在说笑话;留意幽默,它常常是在出其不意的时候出现;它可以是一句常言的歪曲如“你要是一开始不成功,就放弃”,或者是调侃词藻和场景；寻求夸大其词和轻描淡写；考虑一下你的谈话,选出一些词汇和句子,对它们反复琢磨,并注入一些幽默;二、试题具体解析26.人类智慧最初表现在 ;A使用机器去创作科幻小说B制造业中机器的广泛使用C发明工具去处理困难和危险的工作D精英们对危险、乏味的工作的灵巧处理答案C解析本题考核的知识点是：事实细节题;本题是个局部题,考查考生是否看懂了第一段;题干中的initially与原文的the dawn对应;该段第一句指出“自从人类开始有了创造力,就一直在设计日益巧妙的工具来处理一些危险、乏味、繁重或者是讨厌的工作”;C选项是对此句的恰当改写：the invention of tools与devised ever more cunning tools对应,for difficult and dangerous work与to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty对应,因此它是正确答案;A选项是文章中没有的内容,其中的干扰词science fiction 只在第一段末尾提到,“如果说科学家还没有创造出机械版的科幻小说,他们也已经接近这个目标了”,这里只是通过打比方来形容科学家创造的机器工具越来越灵巧,和科幻小说一样神奇;B选项是智慧的表现,但却不是人类智慧的最初表现;D选项谈的是文中没有的“精英人物”;27．第二段第一行中的“gizmo”在句中可能的意思是____;A 程序B 专家C 设备D 生物答案C解析本题考核的知识点是：词义题;本题考查学生从上下文猜测词义的能力;文章第二段第一句指出“现代世界充斥着越来越多聪明的gizmos,虽然我们几乎都注意不到他们,但他们的普遍存在却节省了许多人类劳力”,由此可知gizmos的特点是：普遍存在和节省劳力;下文提到的“工厂的机器人”、“银行的自动柜员机”、“地铁的机器人司机”、“医院做手术的机器人系统”对“gizmos”进一步举例说明,由此可猜出gizmos指的是“机器、设备或装置”,C选项正确;其他三个选项都不在本文讨论的对象范围之内;28．根据文章,现在超出人类能力范围的是制造能_____的机器人;robot that can___.A 完成类似于做大脑手术这样需要高技术的任务B与人进行口头交流 C有一点点常识 D独立地对变化的世界做出反应答案D解析本题考核的知识点是：事实细节题;文章第三段首句指出“机器人若要进入节省劳力的下一个阶段,它们必须能够在更少的人工监控下运行,并且至少能够自己做些决定,这样的目标为我们提出了一个真正的挑战”；接着在第二句里作者谈到此项挑战之所以艰巨的原因是：“尽管我们知道如何让机器人处理一个具体的错误,但是我们不能给它们足够的‘常识’使其与不断变化的世界进行可靠的交流”;由此可知,机器人目前还必须在人的操控下工作,它还不能独立适应不断变化的外部环境;D选项是对原句‘common sense’to reliably interact with a dynamic world 的改写,为正确答案;A和B选项均在第二段提及医院做手术的机器人和自动取款机,可见这样的机器人是人能够造出来的;C选项不正确,因为第三段指出的“但是我们不能给他们足够的‘常识’去与动态世界进行可靠的交流”说明目前的机器人还是有一点点常识的;29．除了能够节省劳力外,机器人还能_____;A 自己做些决定B 在人的干预下处理一些错误C 改善工厂的环境D 开发人类创造性答案B解析本题考核的知识点是：事实细节题;文章第三段翻译见上一题说明当前阶段机器人只能在较多的人工监控下运行,可以处理具体的错误但不能独立地做决定,因此只有B选项的内容是机器人可以做的,排除A选项;文章提到工厂的机器人是用于节省人类劳动力,而不是改善环境的,排除C选项；D选项本末倒置,应该是人类创造力推动了机器人的发明30．作者以猴子为例想要说明机器人_____;A 有望被用来复制人脑的内部结构B 能够立即感知不正常的现象C 在聚焦相关信息方面远不如人脑D 最好在一个被控制的环境下使用答案C解析本题考核的知识点是：作者意图题;本题表面上是考查例证写作的意图,实际上却考查了对文章最后一段的理解;该段的主题句是首句：研究人员发现,人类大脑中的近一千亿个神经细胞要比以前想象的更聪明,人类的感觉器官也更复杂;接下来作者通过对机器人和人脑的比较来说明段落主题,“机器人能够在人工控制的工厂环境下识别机器控制面板上不到一毫米的误差；但是人脑扫一眼一个快速变化的场景,就能迅速排除98%的不相干信息,立即把注意力集中到婉蜒的森林小路边的一只猴子,或者一大群人中的一张可疑的面孔上”;该段末句既对前面比较论证部分的目的进行说明,又重申了主题：世界上最先进的机器人也无法和人脑相比;可见文中举猴子的例子只是为了说明人脑的复杂性;四个选项中只有C选项说明机器人不如人脑,符合题意;四、核心词汇与超纲词汇1 dawnn.黎明,拂晓,开端,起始；v.破晓,开始出现,变得为人明白；文中取其比喻意,相当于appearance出现,又如：The war was ended and they looked forward to the dawn of happy days.战争结束了,他们期待着幸福日子的来临;2 ingenuityn.智巧,精巧的设计,创造力；ingeniousa.灵敏的,聪明的,有发明天才的；genuinea.真实的,真正的,诚恳的3 cunninga.聪明的,美漂亮的,可爱的；英狡猾的,巧妙的；该词一般为贬义,但在文中是中性的,含贬义的近义词有：sly,shrewd4 nastya.令人不愉快的,讨厌的,肮脏的,险恶的5 compulsion强迫,强制；难以抗拒的冲动,禁不住要做的事,如：Drinking is a ~ with her.她忍不住要喝酒6 robotics机器人学,关于建造和使用机器人的技术;-ics后缀表示“学科”,如：physics,aesthetics美学7 conferv.授予,赠予,赋予,协商,～sth. on sb.；conferencen.会议8 humv.动物等发出嗡嗡声；哼哼声；活跃,忙碌,～to 随着…而忙碌9 terminaln.终点,终端；极限；a. 末端的,极限的,定期的Automatic Teller Machine指“自动取款机”;10 miniaturizationn.小型化,mini“小的”,-ize“化”-ation 名词后缀11 submillimetern.小于毫米的,sub“小于,低于,在…之下”,mill“千分之一”,meter是“米”12 dynamica.动力的,有活力的；动态的；dynamicsn.动力学；dynamite n.炸药13 paneln.面板,嵌板；座谈小组；全体陪审员14 fractionn.破片,小部分,片段,分数15 instantaneouslyad.瞬间地,即刻地；突如其来地；instantaneousa.；instanta.立即的,直接的,紧迫的16 neuroscientistsn.神经科学家,neuro- 神经系统的,neuroscience神经科学17 本文出现了和计算机相关的词汇,如：artificial intelligence 人工智能,在电脑上模拟人智慧的科学,transistor circuits晶体管电路,microprocessors微处理器;同类词汇还有：assembler 汇编程序,batch processing 成批处理,binary digit 二进制位,buffer storage 缓冲存储器,cybernetics 控制论,data processing 数据处理,flow chart 流程图,latency time 等待时间等等;五全文翻译自从人类开始有了创造力,就一直在设计日益巧妙的工具来处理那些危险、枯燥、繁重或者是讨厌的工作;这样一种驱动力导致了机器人学的诞生,即赋予机器以人的各种技能的科学;如果说科学家还没有实现科幻小说中对机器的幻想,他们也已经很接近这个目标了长难句①;由此引起的结果是,现代世界充斥着越来越多的智能仪器,虽然我们几乎都注意不到他们,但他们的普遍存在却节省了许多人类劳力长难句②;我们的工厂里轰鸣着机器人组装臂的节奏声；我们的银行业务完成于自动柜员机旁,完成业务后,它们还会用机器语言礼貌地感谢我们；我们的地铁车由不知疲倦的机器人司机驾驶;佳句①由于电子器件和微型机械仪器的不断缩小,现在已出现了机器人系统能够进行精确到毫米的脑部和骨髓手术,其精确性远远超过熟练的医生仅用他们的双手所达到的水平长难句③;但是要想让机器人进入节省劳力的下一个阶段,它们必须能够在更少的人工监控下运行,并且至少能够独立地作一些决定;这些是真正具有挑战性的目标;长难句④“虽然我们知道如何让机器人去处理一个特定的错误,”NASA的一个机器人项目经理戴维·拉维里说,“但是我们不能给它们足够的‘常识’使其与不断变化的世界进行可靠的交流”;实际上对真正的人工智能的探索己经取得了各种不同的成果;虽然在20世纪60年代和70年代有过一段乐观的时期——那时侯仿佛晶体管电路和微处理器的发展使人们相信它们在2010年能够复制人类大脑的活动——但是最近研究人员己经开始将这个预测延后数十年,甚至数百年长难句⑤;在试图建造思维模型的过程中,研究人员发现,人类大脑中的近一千亿个神经细胞要比以前想象的更聪明,人类的感觉器官也更复杂长难句⑥;他们建造的机器人在严格控制的工厂环境里,能够在机器控制面板上识别毫米以下的误差;但是人脑扫一眼一个快速变化的场景,就能迅速排除98%的不相干信息,立即聚焦于婉蜒的森林小路边的一只猴子,或者一大群人中的一张可疑的面孔上长难句⑦;世界上最先进的计算机系统也不达不到这种能力;神经学科学家至今仍然不知道我们人类是怎样做到这一点的;31．最近石油价格上涨的主要原因是A 全球性通货膨胀B 石油供应量下降C 经济快速增长；D 伊拉克暂停石油出口;答案 B解析本题考核的知识点是：事实细节题;第一段明确指出“自从石油输出国组织在3月决定减少原油供应以来,原油的价格便从去年12月的不到10美元一桶上升至约26美元一桶”,因此B选项为正确答案;A选项是第一段提到的前两次油价暴涨造成的后果,而非原因; C选项和D选项是第二段提到的进一步推动油价上涨的原因,而非主要原因;答题技巧：题干中如果有找出主要原因之类的提法,说明原文中肯定有不止一个原因,命题意图是检查考生能否从众多信息中抓住主要信息;32．从文中可以推出,在什么情况下,石油零售价格会大幅上涨A 原油价格上涨B 商品价格上涨C 消费上涨D 石油税上涨答案 D解析本题考核的知识点是：推理引申题;文章第三段指出,原油价格只占汽油零售价格的一小部分,其大部分在欧洲高达五分之四是税收,因此原油价格的变动对汽油价格影响不大;由此可知,影响汽油价格的主要因素是税收;D选项为正确答案,而不是A选项;B选项是前两次石油涨价产生的结果第1段第4句；而C选项文中未提及;答题技巧：命题目的是检查考生能否通过文章所给事实推出二者的潜在关系;对于此题,需要考生准确把握price的具体所指,方能正确解题;33．在经济展望中的文章估计在发达国家 ;A 重工业消耗更多能源B 收入的损失来自原油价格的波动C 制造业受到严重冲击D 油价变化队GDP没有很大影响答案 D解析本题考核的知识点是：推理引申题;根据“rich countries”可断定答案大抵在第四段,原文为“Rich economies”;文中提到,“国际经合组织在最近一期的经济展望中估计,如果油价持续一年维持在每桶22美元左右,与1998年的13美元一桶相比,也只会使发达国家的石油进口在支出增加GDP的%～%”;这个数据表明影响不是很大,因此D选项为正确答案;B选项和C选项文中没有提及,A选项和题干不能构成因果关系;34. 从课文中,可以得出的结论是 ;A 现在的油价暴涨并不可怕B 通货膨胀与油价暴涨无关C 能源储备可以抑制油价D 原油价格上涨导致重工业的萎缩答案 A解析本题考核的知识点是：推理引申题;文章一开始提出最近石油价格大幅上涨,接下来阐述这次油价上涨不会造成经济衰退的原因：1原油价格只占汽油价格的一小部分；2发达国家对石油的依赖性不如从前；3此次油价上涨并不在商品总价格上涨和全球需求旺盛这种大环境中发生;因此,综合全文得出的结论是A选项;B选项与文中通货膨胀是石油危机的结果相悖第1段第4句;C选项第4段第2句和D选项第4段最后一句都是文中的事实细节,并非综合全文而得到的结论;35．作者对“油价上涨”所持的态度为A 乐观B 敏感C 悲伤D 害怕答案 A解析本题考核的知识点是：作者态度题;作者大篇幅地给出理由说明这次油价上涨的后果不会很严重;第三段谈到,“我们有充分的理由预期这次油价暴涨给经济带来的影响不会像20世纪70年代那么严重”,最后一段第一句话又谈到“另一个不应该因为油价上升而失眠的原因是,与20世纪70年代不同,这次油价上升不是发生在普遍的物价暴涨及全球需求过旺背景之下”;可见A选项表达了作者的真正态度;四、核心词汇与佳句赏析1conservationn.保护；保存；保护区2conservev.保存3crudea.天然的；未加工的；粗制的；粗鲁的4doomn.毁灭,灭亡5energy intensivea.能源密集型的6gloomn.黑暗,阴暗7hemispheren.半球,半球体8quadruplea.四倍的；quadri= quadru前缀,表示“四”,如：quadruple 四倍的；quadrilingual 能用四种语言的9squeezev.压榨,挤,挤榨10swingv.摇摆,摆动,回转,回旋；n.秋千,摇摆,摆动五、全文翻译过去经济衰落的坏日子是否会重来自从石油输出国组织在3月决定减少原油供应以来,原油的价格便从去年12月的不到10美元一桶上升到到约26美元一桶;这次近三倍的涨价令人想起了1973年和1979-1980年两次可怕的石油恐慌,当时的油价分别是涨了四倍和近三倍;长难句①前两次的油价暴涨都导致了两位数的通货膨胀率以及全球性的经济衰退;那么这次警告人们厄运来临的头版新闻都到哪里去了呢佳句①本周伊拉克暂停石油出口,这使油价又一次上扬;强劲的经济增长势头,随着北半球冬季的到来,有可能在短期内使石油价格涨得更高;长难句②然而,我们有充分的理由预期这次油价暴涨给经济带来的影响不会象20世纪70年代那么严重;与70年代相比,现在多数国家的原油价格占汽油价格的分额要小;在欧洲,税金在汽油零售价的比例高达五分之四,因此,即使原油价格发生很大的波动,汽油价格所受的影响也不会象过去那么显着;发达国家对石油的依赖性也不如从前,因此对油价的波动也就不会那么敏感;能源储备、燃料替代以及能源密集型重工业的重要性降低,这些都减少了石油消耗量;软件、咨询及移动通讯消耗的石油,比钢铁、汽车行业少得多;发达国家国内生产总值以目前价格计算中,每一个美元所消耗的石油量比1973年少了近一半;国际经合组织在最近一期的经济展望中估计,如果油价持续一年维持在22美元左右,与1998年的13美元一桶相比,这也只会使发达国家的石油进口支出上增加GDP的—个百分点;长难句③这还不到1974年或1980年收入减少部分的四分之一;另一方面,进口石油的新兴国家由于转向了重工业,消耗能量更大,因此可能会受到石油危机的强烈影响;长难句④另外一个不应因油价上升而失眠的原因是,与20世纪70年代不同,这次油价上升不是发生在普遍的物价暴涨及全球需求过旺背景之下;长难句⑤世界上很多地区才刚刚走出经济衰落;经济学家的商品价格指数与一年前相比,总体上没有什么变化;1973年的商品价格跃升了70%,而1979年也上升了近30%;36. 从前三段中,我们可以知道 ;A 医生曾经用增加药物剂量的方法控制病人的疼痛B 医生帮助病人结束生命仍是不合法的C 最高法院强烈反对医生协助病人结束生命D 病人没有法律赋予的权力去自杀答案B解析本题考核的知识点是：事实细节题;。

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万万没想到！考研英语新题型答案就在试卷上！
考研英语新题型相对较难，令很多考生望而却步，并且分值小，视若鸡肋。

其实，任何题目，只要掌握了方法和思路，就能够很好的应对。

下面为大家解读考研英语新题型的考察要点、解题思路和步骤，帮助大家啃下这块骨头。

1.题型介绍
考研英语新题型，其实就是考研英语的Part B部分，该部分分值为10分，包括选句填空题(七选五)和排序题两种题型。

2.考查要点
新题型部分的根本考察点，其实是上下文之间的语义和逻辑关系。

具体来说，包括三个部分：
（1）逻辑关系知识点;
（2）指代关系知识点，即对代词的考查;
（3）语义关系知识点，这在我们的阅读和翻译中已经见得非常多了。

3.解题思路及步骤：
既然已经明确了新题型的考点，那么我们该怎样去做题呢?
（1）到各个空格后句或段落首句的第一个单词中找逻辑关系词。

确切的说，如果是选句填空，就应该在空格后句和选项首句去寻找;如果是排序题，则应该在选项首句找。

而且，此处我们要注意，我们要找的必然是首句的第一个第一个单词。

因为，只有当逻辑词是第一个单词时，才是和上下文相关的;若是逻辑关联词在句中，则是和句内关系相关的。

找到逻辑关系词后，可按照逻辑关系的相关知识点解题。

且以逻辑关系词开头的选项都是正确答案。

（2）找出空格后句和选项首句中出现的数字
为什么要找数字呢?因为数字具有以下特点：①同类数字的延续性，同类数字会呈现递增或递减的趋势;②最高级之后一定出现数字，这都可以作为我们解题的依据。

（3）找出空格后句和选项首句中出现的代词
代词，我们知道是具有指代意义的词，我们在做题的时候可以按照如下方式：①空格后句的代词，到选项末句找指代对象。

②空格首句的代词，可到空格前句或其余选项末句找指代对象。

（4）剩余的题目按照正常的上下文阅读理解步骤解题。

即找到上下文之间的语义关系就可以了。