翻译理论与实践课后习题答案
智慧树知到答案 翻译理论与实践(湖南中医药大学)章节测试答案
第一章单元测试1、单选题：下列哪一项不属于英语静态体现的方法？选项：A:用形容词或副词表达动词意义B:动词的弱化与虚化C:动词(词组) 充当句子各种成分D:用名词代替形容词，构成标题式短语(名词连用和复合名词)答案: 【动词(词组) 充当句子各种成分】2、判断题：汉语遵循“从总述到分述”的顺序模式，英语则相反。
选项：A:错B:对答案: 【错】3、单选题：A country comes to the end when its government goes to corruption.这个句子体现了哪种英语结构顺序？选项：A:从分述到总述B:从总述到分述C:从客观到主观D:从主观到客观答案: 【从主观到客观】4、多选题：在下列因素里，哪些因素导致译者翻译英文需花费较多时间选择恰当的词义。
选项：A:一词多义B:文化的因素C:词义的引申和扩展D:词的结构答案: 【一词多义;文化的因素;词义的引申和扩展】5、多选题：翻译中需要考虑的因素有哪些？选项：A:作品产生的时代背景B:文化因素C:修辞D:情感色彩答案: 【作品产生的时代背景;文化因素;修辞;情感色彩】6、多选题：下列哪些模式适用于英语表达选项：A:空间顺序模式B:焦点后置模式C:焦点前置模式D:上下主从层级模式答案: 【空间顺序模式;焦点前置模式;上下主从层级模式】7、单选题：下列哪一选项最符合翻译过程中迁就目标语表达模式?选项：A:I heared him singing in next door.——我听见隔壁他的歌声B:共和党下台了，民主党上台执政。
——The Republicans are out，the Democrats in. C:冷静地思考，准确地判断，才是在游戏中克敌制胜的法宝。
——Thinking peacefully and judging accurately is the key to succeed in the game.D:I'm not a good singer——我不是个好歌手。
《英汉翻译理论与实践》课程练习及答案
一．英汉翻译理论与实践课程之教案目录第1讲“翻译”溯源第2讲翻译的本质第3讲翻译的标准第4讲翻译面面观第5讲翻译必有“失”/ 失于此而得于彼（两讲合并）第6讲翻译与联想第7讲翻译与语法第8讲翻译与语体第9讲翻译与语篇第10讲英汉十大差异第11讲形合与意合第12讲代词的困惑第13讲Connotation的翻译第14讲翻译与词典第15讲以“模糊”求精确第16讲落笔知轻重译文讲分寸第17讲翻译最难是口吻第18讲翻译与形象思维第19讲翻译与灵感思维第20讲英语修辞的翻译（包括连接三讲）第21讲翻译中的文化冲击第22讲思维是语言的脊梁（两讲合并）第23讲翻译美学之思考（两讲合并）二．汉英翻译理论与实践课程之教案目录第1讲汉译英呼唤文字功力第2讲语篇与翻译第3讲：英汉语美感比读（两讲合并）第4讲：理性概译：翻译之坦途第5讲：英语句式的亮点：非人称主语句（两讲合并）第6讲：汉译英有用的句型（两讲合并）第7讲：类析汉译英常见拙译（三讲合并）第8讲：从“湖光山色”的英译说开去（两讲合并）第9讲：Denotation和Connotation（两讲合并）第10讲：翻译，你的本质是什么？第11讲：归化与异化----汉语习语的英译一．英汉翻译理论与实践课程之练习第1讲“翻译”溯源试将下列文字译成汉语：1/ Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. (Eugene A. Nida & Charles R. Taber: The Theory and Practice of Translation, 1969)2/ Translation may be defined as follows:The replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL)3/ A translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work. The style and manner of writing should be of the same character as that of the original. A translation should have all the ease of the original composition. (A. F. Tytler: Essay on the Principles of Translation. 1791)参考译文1/ 所谓翻译，是在译语中用最切近的自然的对等语再现原语的信息，首先是意义，其次是文体。
翻译理论与实践智慧树答案
翻译理论与实践智慧树答案科目: 翻译理论与实践题型: 选择题1. 下列哪项不是译者在翻译时需要考虑的文化因素？A. 信仰B. 礼仪C. 种族D. 特长答案: D2. 下列哪个不是文化障碍的类型？A. 言语障碍B. 交际障碍C. 行为障碍D. 逻辑障碍答案: D3. 翻译中最基本的也是最重要的原则是什么？A. 信达雅B. 传神C. 意译D. 直译答案: A4. 常用的翻译技巧有哪些？A. 微调B. 加译C. 删译D. 全部都对答案: D5. 翻译的风格特点主要有几种？A. 浅显易懂型B. 优美文章型C. 客观精确型D. 全部都对答案: D题型: 填空题1. __________ 翻译是指在目标语种中加入某些适当的元素以进行更全面、更精确的信息传达。
答案: 加译2. 在进行情景翻译时，需要将原文中的语境、背景、文化因素等因素与译文的语境、背景、文化因素等进行 __________。
答案: 对等化3. 翻译的信息点是指 __________ 中传达的关键性信息。
答案: 原文4. 交替翻译是指将 __________ 切分成若干小部分，分别进行翻译且所有小部分的翻译结果相连接的翻译方式。
答案: 大段文字5. 翻译中的流畅度主要包括句子的 __________ 和句子之间的衔接。
答案: 语法结构题型: 判断题1. 语言障碍是指由于不同文化语境背景而导致的沟通障碍。
答案: 错误2. 对外汉语翻译中，直译和意译之间没有定性上的区别。
答案: 错误3. 翻译是一项高度受限制的专业，翻译员需对译文的语言、风格、结构、信息点等进行全面的分析和思考。
答案: 正确4. 翻译的最基本原则是信达雅，即要忠实地传达原文的意思，同时保持译文的风格、语言的流畅性。
答案: 正确5. 联想翻译是指根据原文中的某个词或短语的联想意义来对其进行翻译。
答案: 正确题型: 简答题1. 解释直译和意译的区别。
答案: 直译是指把以一种语言写出的原文一字不漏地翻译成目标语言，尽可能贴近译文语言的结构和表达方式。
翻译理论与实践试题及答案
翻译理论与实践试题一、选择题（在四个选项中选择一个正确答案）：20%1. 中国古代佛经翻译家------提出了“既须求真，又须喻俗”的翻译思想。
A. 鸠摩罗什B. 玄奘C．安世高D。
释道安2. 严复说的“一名之立，旬月踟躇”是指---------------------。
A. 翻译一部书要化一个月时间作准备B 翻译一个术语往往要考虑很久C.只有化苦功才能翻译成一部名著D.书名的翻译颇费思量3..下列四句，----句的表述是不正确的。
A. 鲁迅提出过“宁信而不顺”的翻译观点。
B. 马建忠主张“善译”的翻译标准。
C. 钱钟书认为文学翻译的最高标准是“化”。
D. 傅雷认为文学翻译的最高境界是“形似”。
4.下列四位翻译家中，英译《红楼梦》的是------。
A. 林语堂B. 杨宪益C. 杨必D. 鲁迅5.英国语言学家M.A.K.Halliday提出的构成语境三要素中，fields of discourse指---------------------------。
A. 交际内容B. 交际方式C. 交际风格D. 交际地点6. 多用被动语态是----------的一个比较明显的语法特点。
A. 广告英语B. 科技英语C. 新闻英语D. 法律英语7. “意译”是指译文从意义出发，要求将原文的意义正确表达出来，不必拘泥于------的形式。
A.词句B. 词句和比喻C. 各种修辞手段D. 词、句、以及各种修辞手段8.. ------翻译了莎士比亚的全部戏剧作品。
A. 朱生豪B. 卞之琳C. 梁实秋D. 林语堂9. fast, firm, secure三个同义词中，firm的正规程度介于前后两者之间，由此可以判定，它最有可能源自------。
A. 法语B. 拉丁语C.盎格鲁-撒克逊语D. 德语10. 下列四种“语体”中，--------的语言最为正规。
A. 广告英语B. 法律英语C. 新闻英语D. 科技英语二、问答题：30%1. 为什么严复要在他的翻译标准中加上一个“雅”字？你认为现在我们应该怎样理解这个“雅”字？2、.我们可以通过观察哪几种“语域标志”来区别英语语言的正规程度？请举例说明其中两种。
翻译理论与实践.doc
第一章英汉文化对比与翻译有一则趣谈:一所国际公寓闹火灾,里面住有犹太人,法国人,美国人和中国人.犹太人急急忙忙先搬出的是他的保险箱,法国人先拖出的是他的情人,美国人则先抱出他的妻子,而中国人则先背出的是他的老母.一、文化的定义文化是指人类社会历史实践过程中所创造的物质财富,精神财富和相应的创造才能的总和。
文化包括物质文化与精神文化,物质文化是指文化中看得见,摸得着的那部分,因此也称之为硬文化.相对来说,精神文化就是软文化,而软文化则是文化的深层结构。
美国著名翻译理论家尤金．奈达将语言文化特性分为五类：Ecological Culture 生态文化Material Culture物质文化Social Culture社会文化Religious Culture宗教文化Linguistic Culture语言文化二.中西方文化差异（一）西方重唯理,思辩,中方重经验,直觉（二）西方的细节分析与中方的整体综合（三）中西方价值观与人生追求的不同三、文化影响翻译的表现形式:(一)词汇空缺现象（Zero of equivalent word）在一种语言里的有些词在另一种语言里没有对等或契合的词,有人称这种情况为词汇空缺(lexical gap) Salad沙拉Lost Generation迷惘的一代Beat Generation垮掉的一代Baby Boomers生育高峰儿婴儿潮一代Y uppies雅皮士Dinks丁克Sandwich Generation三明治世代Couch Potato电视迷老泡在电视机前的人；终日懒散的人Mall Rats购物狂Hippie嬉皮士功夫kongfu叩头kowtow 炕Kang太极Taichi粽子Zongzi苦力Kuli饺子jiaozi 还有一些民族文化内涵特别丰富的词语，在翻译时也必须采用释义或注释等方法，说明该词的语用含义，才能使译语读者了解原语独特的文化现象。
如：钱先生周岁时“抓周”，抓了一本书，因此得名“钟书”。
翻译理论与实践(汉译英)习题及参考答案
翻译理论与实践（汉译英）习题第一周词的选择复习思考题：翻译下列句子，注意选词：我的表不准，每天快十多分钟。
时间过得真快！情人节快到了。
这把刀很快。
参考译文：My watch doesn’t keep good time. It gains more than ten minutes a day.How time does fly!Valentine’s Day is near. Or:Valentine’s Day is at hand. Or:Valentine’s Day is drawing near.The knife is really sharp. (*The knife is swift.)第二周词语翻译技巧（词义引申）复习思考题练习：根据本节所讲进行选词1.人民现在为什么拥护我们？就是这十几年有发展。
2.由于全球气候变暖，海平面在一点点地上升。
3.改革开放也使民族精神获得了解放。
4.我们的企业应着重提高国际竞争力。
5.中国的现代化建设离不开与世界各国的经济合作与贸易往来。
6.世界科技进步和产业结构的调整，亚太地区经济的迅速增长，给我国经济发展提供了有利条件。
在我国中长期发展中，也有不可制约的因素，突出的是：……7.在1993年亚太经合组织第一次领导人非正式会议上，我曾说过，把一个什么样的世界带到二十一世纪，是我们这一代领导人必须认真思考和解决的重大问题。
环顾新世纪初的世界和亚太地区形势，可以说是有喜有忧。
8.为了进行认真细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉；为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区，人迹稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多奇山秀景。
9.专家普遍认为积极的财政政策对于最近几年的经济快速增长势头起了很大作用，2003年，这一政策的实施除了应向社会保障，农村教育及基础设施倾斜以外，还应从政府投资转向民间投资。
10.这些价值观和孔子宣扬的一些思想有很多相同之处，孔子的思想强调的是中庸适度。
《翻译理论与实践》练习答案
一．翻译部分（汉译英部分）1. Numerous scientific studies conducted since 1939 have indicated that smoking is very harmful to health. Legislation is badly needed to ban all advertising of tobacco products as it persuades people to smoke more and so is in a large part responsible for people with deteriorating health or those who died of lung cancer.2. China’s entry into World Trade Organization (WTO. will not have a radical impact on the State enterprises despite the distressing predictions of some economists. The International Financial News said in a commentary the negative effects of entering WTO would be limited while there would be substantial benefits for the state enterprises, such as the introduction of more foreign technology.3. Actually the last fifty years was not the golden age of invention and innovation. From 1900 to 1950, human life was transformed by such invention as cars, aeroplanes, telephones, radios and television sets, not to mention nuclear weapons and the computer of course. In the recent 50 years since only a few inventions have been made, was the wellspring of invention drying up? Not likely. Indeed, a new age of invention is just beginning.4. It is of great importance to be well-informed in the modern world. Success in many fields depends on getting the latest information. At the same time, failure in policy-making often results from the lack of necessary information. Therefore, we call the current era “the information will play an increasingly important part in future society. Without information we would act like the blind and could make no further step forward..5. The well-educated university students are a treasure to any country. It is a pity that the brain drain of the talented has caused some difficulties in the development of industries in many developing countries. In these countries, engineers, scientists, managers and other professionals are badly needed. They are needed to develop the industry and economy there.6. China will develop its economy further and open itself still wider to the outside world, which offers more business opportunities to overseas enterprises. Since China’s reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises have vigorously undertaken Ecotech with overseas enterprises and scored tremendous achievements. While helping Chinese enterprises develop, overseas enterprises have also benefited from it, hence mutual benefit and all-win. The Chinese Government stands ready to continue to offer facilities and necessary conditions for closer cooperation between Chinese enterprises and their overseas counterparts.7. As specialists (experts. predict, in the near future, water will become a restriction (conditioned.factor for social economic development in many parts of China. Water degradation (Intensified water pollution. and increasing demand for water supply will, without mercy, result in the approaching of water shortage disaster. Thus, fighting against pollution and protecting water sources have become the common responsibilities of mankind as a whole.8. Culture is the best medium for people of different countries to understand each other. Through culture festivals, many cities in China have raised their prestige in the world. As has been proven that, this is one of the best ways to promote the communication between Chinese people and the people from different parts of the world. This kind of communication is not only confined to culture, but extends to economy and other fields.9. In a market economy, the crucial factor for prosperity is fair competition. But if thecompetition spins out of control, the negative effects must not be overlooked. Tremendous amounts of resources and talent will be wasted on vicious competition. In a highly competitive environment, the needs of the market usually give way to the need for competition. Hi-tech companies invest huge amounts of money into new projects. As a result, redundant products flood the market. Those who cannot grab a share of the market will suffer great losses.10. More young people get health information from the Internet than use it to ownload music,play games, or check sports scores. A new survey shows three out of four young people who use the Internet have searched for health and medical information. In face, the only activities that more young people reported participating in were emailing, school research, and finding news and entertainment information. The survey is the first to look in depth at how young people use the Internet for health purposes finds.11. China is already the world’s third largest producer o f electronics, and becoming a player inthe global appliance market. With its huge production capacity--growing by about 20 percent a year--the Chinese are relentlessly driving down global prices. Twenty years age, U.S., European and Japanese companies started moving into China to supply the local market with household goods. Now those companies are getting whipped by Chinese competitors. “We will see the emergence of globally competitive Chinese firms,” says the Brookings Institution’s Lardy.12. Green, h uman, and technological are the three main themes of Beijing’s bid for the 2008Olympic Games. Actively responding to the call of the International Olympic Committee, Beijing wants its Olympics to be the Games known for promoting environmental protection.Along with all of its citizens, through the bidding stage and hosting of the Olympic Games, Beijing’s aim is to further speed up its environmental protection plans to enhance theenvironmental quality, perfect construction of urban infrastructure, improve residents’ standard of living and promote the sustainable development of the city.13. It surely does harm to your lungs if other people smoke and you breathe it in. According tothe anticipation of American Lung Association, each year about 3,000 people who die from lung cancer are passive smokers. An investigation indicates that non-smoking women living in a smoking family environment for 40 years or still longer will have the double risk of developing lung cancer.14. The phenomenon of holiday economy demonstrates that, with an improvement of livingstandards, the consumption structure has been diversified and the consumption concept greatly changed. Traditional consumer demand for basic necessities of life has given way to leisure, comfort and development. Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development, and services should be refined to satisfy people’s demand for an improved quality of life.15. Developing a scenic spot represents the orientation of building culture. An economic flourishis not bound to bring about cultural progress. First, when people seek economic benefits, they often neglect or give up fostering the building of culture. Second, when old concepts are broken up, some people will be at a loss or go astray . Therefore, it has been an important task of society to keep a balance between economic development and cultural building.16. A national survey indicates that major tourist attractions and scenic spots nationwidereceived a total of 9.86 million visitors during October 1-7, and income from admission tickets hit 267 million yuan. During the week, 1.22 million Beijingers traveled to other places, an increase of 37 percent compared to the same period last year, and the city’s tourism income totaled 2.43 billion yuan, up 52 percent. Therefore, the seven-day holiday has been called a “golden week”.17. According to the 10th Five-Year Plan (2001-2005., the Central Government will increasetransfer payments to the western region. In the meantime, measures will be adopted to attract non-governmental and foreign capital for participation in western development and construction. Major engineering projects, such as the west-to-east power transmission, conservation and development of water resources, will provide great possibilities for rising investment demand in the coming years.18. A peaceful environment is indispensable for national, regional and even global development.Without peace or political stability, there would be no economic progress to speak of. Thishas been fully proved by both the past and the present. Peace and development are the themes of the times. People across the world should join hands in advancing the lofty cause of peace and development of mankind.19. In the past few years, important advances in computer science, artificial intelligence andmaterial science have once again raised hopes of making intelligent robots. In fact, progress toward an intelligent robot has been so convincing that many scientists are worrying publicly about the perils of robots. Whether humans are in a hopeful or precarious place, the journey here has been an intellectual challenge.20. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 50 non-government environmentalprotection organizations in the city. They exploit their advantages to the fullest with the public, guiding local people to protect the environment and build a green home and a green community, advocating garbage segregation, holding consultation meetings, giving public lectures, calling upon people to protect wild animals and organizing environmental protection summer camp activities, etc.21. It surely does harm to your lungs if other people smoke and you breathe it in. According tothe anticipation of American Lung Association, each year about 3,000 people who die from lung cancer are passive smokers. An investigation indicates that non-smoking women living in a smoking family environment for 40 years or still longer will have the double risk of developing lung cancer.22. Culture is the best medium for people of different countries to understand each other.Through culture festivals, many cities in China have raised their prestige in the world. As has been proven that, this is one of the best ways to promote the communication between Chinese people and the people from different parts of the world. This kind of communication is not only confined to culture, but extends to economy and other fields.23. Actually the last fifty years was not the golden age of invention and innovation. From 1900to 1950, human life was transformed by such invention as cars, aeroplanes, telephones, radios and television sets, not to mention nuclear weapons and the computer of course. In the recent 50 years since only a few inventions have been made, was the wellspring of invention drying up? Not likely. Indeed, a new age of invention is just beginning.24. Over the last two decades, no country in the world has expanded its foreign trade as fast asChina. Japan took more than 20 years to double its foreign trade, while China, for the same length of time, has quadrupled its foreign trade (has increased its foreign trade by three times .. Already the world' s third largest producer of electric appliances, China is nowplaying a major role in the global market of the electric wares. China has also become a major producer of labor-intensive manufactured goods in the world.25. In order to hold the 2008 Olympic Games successfully, Beijing plans to invest 23 billion USdollars in the construction of basic facilities, It is reported that some foreign companies have noticed these business opportunities. Some American companies plan to provide products and service in the areas of telecommunication and information technology. Some British companies are also seeking business opportunities from Beijing Olympic Games.They are trying find the areas where U. K has advantages, such as the architectural technology which will not pollute the environment.26. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Chinese art, architecture and philosophy had been quiteappreciated in the west. In addition, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain had been warmlywelcomed, and had altered, to some extent, the lifestyle of many westerners. In the last part of the 20th century, the westerners focused their attention on Chinese culture again. Besides enjoying Chinese food, they learned Chinese, tried out Chinese medicine and herbs,watched gofu films.（英译汉部分）英译汉讲义答案Section One Sentence Translation1. 如何运用新的管理方式和观念来改造一个服务性企业，英航在这方面的确提供了一个范例。
《翻译理论与实践》讲义（完美版）练习与作业答案
《翻译理论与实践》讲义（完美版）练习与作业答案翻译理论与实践讲义作业一。
字词的翻译一、词的理解1.一词多义：例子：wetShe had a wet nurse for the infant Elliot. 她雇了一名奶妈为艾略特喂奶。
If you think I am for him, you are all wet. 如果你认为我支持他，那你就大错特错了。
She wet her pants at the news. 听到这个消息，她吓得尿了裤子。
2.词的大小：state and revolution, 国家与革命（列宁著作）state of the union (国情咨文)the united states. 美国（联合的各州）3.词义引申：抽象化、具体化例子：every life has its roses and thorns. 每个人的生活都有甜有苦。
She stood there chewing over the strange thing. 她站在那儿仔细地琢磨这件怪事。
The engine sounds good. 那台机器听起来很正常。
At 23, he had first learned what it is to be a Negro. 他23岁时，平生第一次尝到了做黑人的滋味。
4.词的褒贬：例子：commentAlice was excited as a child, delighted to be once more the center of the comment.爱丽丝兴奋得像个小孩子似地，很高兴自己有成了谈论的中心。
But what a comment, she could not help reflecting, on her own charms.但她禁不住想到，这对她个人的魅力是多么大的讽刺啊。
He walked around the room. He then stopped and looked around, “comment” ?他在房间里走来走去，之后停下来环视着说：“谁有高见”？5.词的轻重：看词类、看场合、看句型、看习惯等等。
翻译理论与实践智慧树知到答案章节测试2023年武汉学院
第一章测试1.卡特福德指出“翻译是将一种语言中的文本材料替换成另一种语言中的对等文本材料”。
（）A:错B:对答案:B2.翻译在作者、原文、原文读者和译者、译文、译文读者之间架起了沟通的桥梁。
（）A:错B:对答案:B3.翻译可以根据不同的标准进行分类。
常见的分类标准有：翻译的符号、翻译的内容、翻译的手段和翻译的模式等。
（）A:对B:错答案:A4.机器翻译技术可以为普通用户提供实时便捷的翻译服务，机器翻译将取代人工翻译。
（）A:对B:错答案:B5.编译是指把一个甚至几个文本的相关内容进行编辑加工，根据要求做出概述性的传译。
（）A:对B:错答案:A6.在《义疏》中提出“译即易，谓换易言语使相解也”的是 ( )。
A:萧立明B:贾公彦C:刘宓庆D:王克非答案:B7.在同一语言中用一些语言符号解释另一些语言符号，也就是“paraphrase/rewording”，指的是( )。
A:语际翻译B:语内翻译C:符内翻译D:符际翻译答案:B8.从早期的词典匹配，到词典结合语言学专家知识的规则翻译，再到基于语料库的统计机器翻译，这一发展过程说的是( )。
A:口译B:笔译C:机器翻译D:网络翻译答案:C9.仅仅表达出原文的主要内容或大意，而不拘泥于原文的论述格式或语言表现的翻译模式是( )。
A:述评B:编译C:综述D:译述答案:D10.Which is the correct Chinese version of “I don’t buy it” in the sentence of“Don’t try to cover your lie. I don’t buy it”? ( )A:我不买。
B:我不信。
C:我买不起。
D:我不是不信。
答案:B第二章测试1.根据多数文献记载，中国翻译史长达三千余年。
（）A:对B:错答案:B2.晋朝的鸠摩罗什、南北朝的真谛和唐朝的玄奘并称中国佛教三大翻译家。
（）A:错B:对答案:B3.文艺复兴时期，在英国，查普曼于1598年至1616年翻译了荷马史诗《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》。
翻译理论与实践
翻译理论与实践25%1. 1 mp rove the followi ng Tran slati ons:1.Often at the end of a hard day ' s work one realizes with dismay that the meagerstack of fini shed work one has acco mp lished has immeasurably slight impact on the work as a whole.译文：往往一天辛苦工作结束时，一个人会灰心地意识到他所完成的少量的一堆工作对整个工作产生无限小的影响。
2.They left me at the gate, nor easily or lightly; and it was a stra nge sight to me to see the cart go on, taking P eggoty away, and leav ing me un der the elus tree look ing at the house in which there was no face to look at me with love or likely any more.译文：他们在大门前离开我，这也不容易的，不愉快的；看见车子载着辟果提走了，把我留在那些老榆下看那所房子，房子里再也没有一张怀着爱或欢心来看我的脸了，我觉得这是一种稀有的景象。
3.Any visitor to Chi na is overwhelmed by the con tradictio ns in here nt in its helter-skelter 喧嚣混乱的）progress.译文：任何到中国的人，都会被她喧嚣混乱的进步中所固有的矛盾所压倒。
4.二十岁的时候，随时随地向人透露我的年龄，答得比问得还快。
翻译理论与实践三
翻译理论与实践3一. 单选题（共10题,共6分）1. In the years that followed, Bill learned to spell in this uncomprehending way a great many words. （0.6分）A.在以后的岁月里，比尔就这样学着拼写，并且学会了拼写许多单词，真叫人难以理解。
B.在往后的几年里，比尔就这样学着拼写，虽然不理解意思，却也学会了拼写许多单词。
C.在尔后的年月里，令人不解的是，比尔就这样学着拼写，居然也学会了拼写许多单词。
D.令人不理解的是，在往后的日子里，比尔就这样学着拼写，而且学会了拼写许多单词。
☆考生答案：B★考生得分：0.6 分评语：2. There is supposed to be a safety ______ which makes it impossible for trains to collide. （0.6分）A. applianceB.accessoryC.machineD. mechanism☆考生答案：D★考生得分：0.6 分评语：3. It would have been difficult to find a happier child than I was as I lay in my crib at the closeof that eventful day and lived over the joys it had brought me. （0.6分）A.在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候，我躺在小床上，沉浸在快乐之中，恐怕再也找不到比我更幸福的孩子了。
B.在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候，我躺在小床上，生活在快乐之中，我比任何孩子都幸福。
C.恐怕再也找不到比我更幸福的孩子了，就在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候，我躺在小床上，沉浸在快乐之中。
D.我比任何孩子都幸福，就在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候，我躺在小床上，生活存快乐之中。
翻译理论与实践课后习题答案概要
第一章翻译概论第一节中外翻译史简介四、课内练习1. 东汉至唐宋时期。
2. 玄奘不仅译出了75 部佛经，而且还把老子的部分著作译成梵文，成为第一个向国外介绍汉语著作的中国人。
3. 20 世纪初的“五四”新文化运动，开创了白话文学和白话翻译的新纪元，语言从文言正宗转为白话本位。
五四运动前后，东西方各国的优秀文学作品，特别是俄国和苏联的作品开始被介绍进来，《共产党宣言》等一批马克思主义著作的译文就发表在“五四”时期，为中国后来的革命做了充分的理论和思想准备。
4. 圣经的翻译成为了西方翻译研究的重要源头之一。
5. 中外悠久的翻译历史已为我们积累了一份宝贵的文化遗产。
我们应当认真总结前人的翻译经验，借鉴吸收前人从实践中总结出的理论、方法，以便继续提高我们的翻译水平，为中外文化交流做出自己的贡献。
五、课后练习（一）将下列段落译成中文：一百年前的今天：一些海鸥；北卡罗来纳州杀魔山海岸警卫队的三个队员；救生站以及一些本地人，见证了威尔帕·莱特(Wilbur Wright)和奥维尔·莱特(Orville Wright)兄弟的第一次机动飞机飞行。
1903 年12 月17 日，莱特兄弟第一次用比空气重的飞行器进行了有动力的持续飞行。
1932 年，90 英尺高的杀魔山顶立起了一座60 英尺高的花岗岩纪念碑，用以纪念这两个来自俄亥俄州代顿市的梦想家。
莱特兄弟来自于美国中部。
他们有着天空般广阔的眼界，也有着十分务实的作风。
1892 年，他们在俄亥俄州的代顿开创了自己的自行车企业：莱特自行车公司。
虽然在当时世纪之交的美国，有着数不清的自行车公司，但只有一个在造轮子的同时造出了翅膀。
当莱特兄弟在1903 年最终着眼于动力载人飞行器，他们成功地使世界变小了……（二）将下列段落译成英文：As Jia baoyu，Xue Baoqin，Xing youyan and Ping’er had birthdays on the same day，the young ladies held a hilarious drinking party in the hall of the peony garden for them. When it was Xiangyun’s turn to compose a verse amid a drinking game，she made fun of the service maids by saying，holding a duck head in hand，“This ya tou （referring to the duck head in hand）is not that ya tou （referring to the service maids around，as both are homophones in Chinese），for this ya tou has applied no hair oil….”Everybody roared with laughter. Some service maids protested，laughing，“You made fun of us，so you have to drink another cup. Let’s pour a full cup her….”As the party went on drinkers’games continued with ceaseless laughter and people suddenly noticed that Xiangyun had disappeared. While they looked this way and that，a service maid rushed in laughing，“Young ladies. Hurry to have a look at the Lady Xiangyun. She’s sleeping on the stone bench over there.”The group tiptoed over，and sure enough，saw Xiangyun sleeping soundly. Fallen flowers scattered on her body，her hair and her face. Her fan had dropped on the ground aside. Bees danced in the air around her. Under her head was a make-shift pillow of peony flowers wrapped with her handkerchief. Amid laughter service girls gently woke her up and helped her-she was still mumbling something drunkenly-get inside theroom.第二节翻译的定义与性质四、课内练习（一）将下列英文译成中文：1. 海蒂读过阿瑟的信后陷入了绝望之中。
应用翻译理论与实践课后练习题含答案
应用翻译理论与实践课后练习题含答案翻译是一种沟通的手段，早在古代的双语文化时代，翻译就已经是不可或缺的工作。
现在随着全球化的加速和国际交流的不断增多，翻译的地位变得越来越重要。
由于语言是人类沟通的重要工具，通过翻译可以让不同语言和文化背景的人交流，促进文化交流和经济发展。
而应用翻译理论与实践课后练习题则是帮助人们更好地进行翻译的工具。
下面是这个课后练习题的答案。
一、翻译常见问题1. 翻译的困难之处•语言障碍•文化背景不同•翻译难度高•工作量大2. 翻译常见误区•直译•意译不当•文化概念不同•翻译结果不准确3. 翻译的技巧•理解原文•使用术语词汇•意会句意•掌握翻译技巧二、翻译实操练习1. 阅读原文As the world is becoming more mobile and diverse, organizations and institutions are in greater need of interpreting services. In fact, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts a 29% increase in employmentfor interpreters and translators from 2014 to 2024, much faster than the average for all occupations.2. 翻译成中文由于世界变得更加移动和多元化，组织机构和学术机构更需要口译服务。
事实上，美国劳工统计局预测，从2014年到2024年，口译和笔译员的就业人数将增长29％，远高于所有职业的平均增长率。
3. 翻译成英文With the world becoming more mobile and diverse, organizations and institutions are in greater need of interpreting services. In fact, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts a 29% increase in employmentfor interpreters and translators from 2014 to 2024, much faster than the average for all occupations.三、翻译技巧练习1. 判断译文是否准确原文：We will meet at 2:30 in the afternoon.译文：我们将在下午2点半见面。
翻译理论与实践智慧树知到答案2024年黑河学院
翻译理论与实践黑河学院智慧树知到答案2024年第一章测试1.Молоко бежит, сними его с огня!选择бежит的正确释义：（）A:跑，奔跑B:奔驰，急驶C:延伸, 伸展D:流, 淌；溢出答案:C2.В соревновании все бригады претендуют на первое место.选择претендуют的正确释义：（）A:觊觎B:断言，主张C:声称D:追求，力争答案:D3.Дело не в размерах дарования, а в соблюдении законов искусства —вхудожественной правдивости.选择正确的译文：（）。
A:问题并不在于天赋的大小，而在于是否符合艺术的规律——艺术的真实。
B:问题并不在于天赋的规模，而在于符合艺术的规律——艺术的真实。
C:问题并不在于天赋的高，而在于符合艺术的规律——艺术的真实。
D:问题并不在于天赋的高低，而在于是否符合艺术的规律——艺术的真实。
答案:D4.下列名词与ленинизм翻译方法相同的是：（）A:октябрятаB:баянC:обломовщинаD:танк答案:C5.下列成语翻译恰当的是：（）。
A:лица нет 没脸B:в три ручья 熙熙攘攘C:Дай палец- и локоть откусит. 得寸进尺。
D:Со стороны виднее. 旁观者清。
答案:CD6.校对译文，判断глупенькая翻译是否恰当："Поцелуй же ручку у барина, глупенькая", —сказала ей Арина.“亲亲老爷的手啊，傻丫头”，阿丽娜对她说。
（）A:错 B:对答案:B7.校对译文，判断ни слуху ни духу: как в воду канул翻译是否恰当：Ждал Матюха Гритория месяц, другой, но не было от того ни слуху нидуху: как в воду канул. (Балакин)等马秋赫·格里戈里等了一个月又一个月，可是他却没有任何声音，就像掉进水里一样。
翻译理论与实践智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下湖南师范大学
翻译理论与实践智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下湖南师范大学湖南师范大学第一章测试1.下列不属于翻译的是（）。
A:古代汉语与现代汉语之间的转换 B:用文字解释一副图画 C:甲用同一种语言转述乙的话 D:湘方言与赣方言之间的转换答案:用文字解释一副图画2.将“翻译”比作“仆人”意在强调（）。
A:翻译的地位之高 B:翻译的难度之大 C:翻译的责任之大 D:翻译的价值之高答案:翻译的难度之大3.下列不属于非文学翻译的类型是（）。
A:社科作品的翻译 B:产品说明书的翻译 C:旅游景点介绍的翻译 D:科幻作品的翻译答案:产品说明书的翻译4.易之本在于（）。
A:变 B:变化 C:化 D:易答案:易5.人类智慧是人工智慧的（）。
A:创造产品 B:延伸 C:创造者 D:合作者答案:创造产品第二章测试1.从语言运用考察传播，传播分为同语传播与异语传播。
（）A:对 B:错答案:对2.翻译传播过程的系统模式用以解释整个过程中子系统、各要素及相关因素的互动关系，又可分为：（）。
A:叠加系统模式 B:单一系统模式 C:交叉系统模式 D:复合系统模式答案:单一系统模式;复合系统模式3.根据传播的媒介方式，翻译传播现象划分不正确的选项包括：（）A:个体翻译传播 B:纸媒介翻译传播 C:公共标识翻译传播 D:人际翻译传播答案:个体翻译传播4.媒介作为翻译传播过程要素之一，不包括（）。
A:讯息传递的渠道、中介物和工具B:讯息传递的技术手段C:从事讯息采集、加工制作和传播的社会组织 D:出版社答案:出版社5.国际上四大主流通讯社包括：美联社、合众国际社、路透社和（）。
A:新华社 B:CNN C:BBC D:法新社答案:法新社第三章测试1.Chinese industrial output growth rebounded in August after months ofdecline, challenging hopes that the government is successfully engineering a smooth economic “soft landing” and fuelling speculation that Beijing willsoon order an interest rate rise. 以下断句更为恰当的是（）A:Chinese industrial output growth rebounded in August after months ofdecline, // challenging hopes that the government is successfully engineeringa smooth economic “soft landing” //and fuelling speculation that Beijing willsoon order an interest rate rise. B:Chinese industrial output growthrebounded in August after months of decline, // challenging hopes that thegovernment is successfully engineering a smooth economic “soft landing”and fuelling speculation //that Beijing will soon order an interest rate rise.答案:Chinese industrial output growth rebounded in August aftermonths of decline, // challenging hopes that the government issuccessfully engineering a smooth economic “soft landing” //andfuelling speculation that Beijing will soon order an interest rate rise.2.Despite this backwardness (in the communications) -or perhaps because ofit-China hopes to leapfrog into the digital era by bypassing many of the costly transitional technologies that industrial nations are now seeking to replacewith more advanced digital systems. 以下断句更为恰当的是（）A:Despite this backwardness (in the communications) -or perhaps because of it-//China hopes to leapfrog into the digital era //by bypassing many of thecostly transitional technologies //that industrial nations are now seeking toreplace with more advanced digital systems. B:Despite this backwardness (in the communications) -or perhaps because of it-China hopes to leapfrog intothe digital era// by bypassing many of the costly transitional technologiesthat industrial nations are now seeking to replace with more advanced digital systems.答案:Despite this backwardness (in the communications) -or perhapsbecause of it-//China hopes to leapfrog into the digital era //bybypassing many of the costly transitional technologies //that industrial nations are now seeking to replace with more advanced digital systems.3.China has joined the multilateral group controlling the export of nuclearmaterials and technology in an important step to bring its policies onproliferation in line with those of Western powers. 以下断句更为恰当的是（）A:China has joined the multilateral group controlling the export of nuclearmaterials and technology // in an important step to bring its policies onproliferation in line with those of Western powers. B:China has joined themultilateral group controlling the export of nuclear materials and technology in an important step// to bring its policies on proliferation in line with those of Western powers.答案:China has joined the multilateral group controlling the export ofnuclear materials and technology // in an important step to bring itspolicies on proliferation in line with those of Western powers.第四章测试1.在许多情况下，“引申词意”和“化解词意”实际上是相似的。
《翻译理论与实践》30问(附答案)
《翻译理论与实践》30问（附答案）1 什么是翻译？翻译是跨语言、跨文化、跨社会的交际活动。
翻译的过程不仅是语言转换过程，且是反映不同社会特征的文化转换过程。
翻译是科学，因为它有规律可循；是艺术，因为它是译者对原文进行再创造的过程；是技能，因为译文的信息需要用译语以恰当的方式再现。
2 翻译的可能性和局限性是什么？翻译的可能性，建立在文化的共性上，而局限性建立在文化的个性上。
文化是一种复杂概念，大致可分为三类：物质文化、制度文化和心理文化。
语言属制度文化，因为它由社会中的人创造，有其使用规律，为全社会的人共有。
人类在同一个地球上生活繁衍，不同国家不同民族的人民都拥有上述三种文化，它们的许多共同之处便是翻译的基础。
由于人类居住的生态环境有别，各国社会历史不完全相同，各国人民表情达意的手法也有差别，它们都是文化交流的障碍，有些障碍甚至不可逾越，这便是造成翻译局限性的原因。
3 翻译和其它学科有关系吗？翻译是一门博大精深的学问，但它和语言诸学科和文化诸学科的关系最密切。
由于翻译至少涉及两种文化和两种语言，是跨文化、跨语言的交际，运用语言或文化科学指导翻译实践时，均需将有关学科进行对比。
所以，译学是“百科学”和译者是“杂家”的比喻，是一点也不过分的。
4 译者应该具备哪些素养？译者应能较熟悉地运用原语和译语，通达人情世故，了解作者和读者的心理，尊重作者和读者，尽力是自己成为沟通他们心灵的桥梁；译者要能“忘我”，尽量再现作者的意图和风格，而不是用自己的风格取而代之；译者应谦虚、大度，热爱学习、锲而不舍，要有将人类创造的全部知识来丰富自己的决心。
译无涯，学无涯。
5 翻译的从属性和创造性是什么？翻译是在科学指导下的艺术活动，需要译者在透彻理解原文的基础上进行再创造，但创造的目的是再现原文的意义和功能，创造的原则是服从于原文，从属于原文。
译者在翻译时好比是走钢丝的杂技演员，无论如何随着音乐的节奏和旋律手舞足蹈或前滚后翻，始终不能离开脚下的钢丝。
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第一章翻译概论第一节中外翻译史简介四、课练习1. 东汉至唐宋时期。
2. 玄奘不仅译出了 75 部佛经，而且还把老子的部分著作译成梵文，成为第一个向国外介绍汉语著作的中国人。
3. 20 世纪初的“五四”新文化运动，开创了白话文学和白话翻译的新纪元，语言从文言正宗转为白话本位。
五四运动前后，东西方各国的优秀文学作品，特别是俄国和苏联的作品开始被介绍进来，《共产党宣言》等一批马克思主义著作的译文就发表在“五四”时期，为中国后来的革命做了充分的理论和思想准备。
4. 圣经的翻译成为了西方翻译研究的重要源头之一。
5. 中外悠久的翻译历史已为我们积累了一份宝贵的文化遗产。
我们应当认真总结前人的翻译经验，借鉴吸收前人从实践中总结出的理论、方法，以便继续提高我们的翻译水平，为中外文化交流做出自己的贡献。
五、课后练习（一）将下列段落译成中文：一百年前的今天：一些海鸥；北卡罗来纳州杀魔山海岸警卫队的三个队员；救生站以及一些本地人，见证了威尔帕·莱特(Wilbur Wright)和奥维尔·莱特(Orville Wright)兄弟的第一次机动飞机飞行。
1903 年 12 月 17 日，莱特兄弟第一次用比空气重的飞行器进行了有动力的持续飞行。
1932 年， 90 英尺高的杀魔山顶立起了一座 60 英尺高的花岗岩纪念碑，用以纪念这两个来自俄亥俄州代顿市的梦想家。
莱特兄弟来自于美国中部。
他们有着天空般广阔的眼界，也有着十分务实的作风。
1892 年，他们在俄亥俄州的代顿开创了自己的自行车企业：莱特自行车公司。
虽然在当时世纪之交的美国，有着数不清的自行车公司，但只有一个在造轮子的同时造出了翅膀。
当莱特兄弟在 1903 年最终着眼于动力载人飞行器，他们成功地使世界变小了……（二）将下列段落译成英文：As Jia baoyu，Xue Baoqin，Xing youyan and Ping’er had birthdays on the same day，the young ladies held a hilarious drinking party in the hall of the peony garden for them. When it was Xiangyun’s turn to compose a verse amid a drinking game，she made fun of the maids by saying， holding a duck head in hand，“This ya tou （referring to the duck head in hand） is not that ya tou （referring to the maids around， as both are homophones in Chinese）， for this ya tou has applied no hair oil….” Everybody roared with laughter. Some maids protested， laughing，“You made fun of us， so you have to drink another cup. Let’s pour a full cup her….”As the party went on drinkers’ games continued with ceaseless laughter and people suddenly noticed that Xiangyun had disappeared. While they looked this way and that，a maid rushed in laughing，“ Young ladies. Hurry to have a look at the Lady Xiangyun. She’s sleeping on the stone bench over there.” The group tiptoed over，and sure enough，saw Xiangyun sleeping soundly. Fallen flowers scattered on her body，her hair and her face. Her fan had dropped on the ground aside. Bees danced in the air around her. Under her head was a make-shift pillow of peony flowers wrapped withher handkerchief. Amid laughter girls gently woke her up and helped her-she was still mumbling something drunkenly-get inside the room.第二节翻译的定义与性质四、课练习（一）将下列英文译成中文：1. 海蒂读过阿瑟的信后陷入了绝望之中。
后来，她采取了一个不幸者常常采取的那种快刀斩乱麻的行动：嫁给了亚当，从而陷进了终身的痛苦，为的不过是跳出那一时的悲伤。
2. 一个人不要做了一件好事就到处宣扬，而应带动他人，就像葡萄的藤蔓，开花结果，年复一年。
3. 一想起她一个人出去重新登上找工作的艰辛旅途，他顿觉万念俱灰。
4. 十一月的寒风，对他就像夏天吹拂的凉风一样。
舒适的冷空气使他容光焕发，两颊通红，两眼闪光。
5. 天空阴沉沉的，乌云密布，不久就能感觉到豆大的雨点稀稀疏疏地落下，转瞬间变成倾盆大雨，骤然而下。
(晓萍译）（二）将下列中文译成英文：1. An excellent, all-round student with a congenial personality, she is a promising candidate for the exchange program.2. How to make further use of scientific resources in college to better serve our economy is a key element in the reform of institutions of higher education.3. The surface of the pool quivered as the swallow skimmed over it.4. The man seemed quite at ease, but his rolling eyes gave him away/ betray him.5. Ignorant as I am, I know not to promote a person for what he says not to undervalue what is said because of the person who says it.五、课后练习（一）将下列段落译成中文：随着专业化程度的提高，各门知识的边界正在以前所未有的速度往里收缩。
但这种收缩是付出了相当大的代价才做到的。
现在一个科学家离开了他自己的专业就不会比一个傻子强多少，正像一个文学家对科技方面的重大进展几乎一无所知一样，都是现代才有的怪现象。
同样地，专业化也间接地影响到了各行各业中的普通人。
以前仅仅是由于对它们本身感兴趣而去从事的许多活动，现在常常因感到没有希望而被放弃了。
专家们说，从事这些活动所需要的技巧得付出毕生的精力才能掌握。
当你能在客厅里欣赏到世界上最杰出的钢琴家的演奏时，你干吗还要学钢琴呢？（二）将下列段落译成英文：“Dwell on One or Two” Lin Qingxuan A friend of mind brought over a newly purchased set of paper, brush, ink-stick and ink-slab, and asked me to write something for the wall in the sitting room of his new house. I unfolded thepaper, ground the ink-stick on the slab, and wrote out the words: “Dwell on one or two.”“What does this mean?” asked my friend. “You know the popular saying.”I replied, “Life means frustration eight or nine times out of ten.” Dedicating the eighty or ninety per cent of frustration, you still have ten or twenty per cent of success, happiness or gratification. If you want to enjoy life, you should focus on the one or two times you are happy, be thankful and cherish them. Then you’ll never be overwhelmed by the eight or nine times when you are unhappy.” Happily my friend left, carrying the scroll in his arms. (《中国翻译》编辑部：《“韩素音青年翻译奖”竞赛作品与评析：英汉对照》)第三节翻译的标准与译者的素养四、课练习（一）将下列英文译成中文：1. 也许只有传统才能真正反映出人的性格和精神。
旅行的目的，除了四处游览观光之外，更重要的就是去了解彼此的风俗和文化。
2. 如今作为世界文化遗产，巨石阵及其周围建筑依旧是 5000 到 3000 年前石器时代和青铜时代伟大文明的有力见证者。
3. 澳洲大陆跨越许多种不同的气候带，有北部的热带、亚热带和稀树草原，由中部干旱不毛的沙漠，还有南部的温带。
4. 在南达克塔州海拔 6000 英尺的黑山顶上耸立着华盛顿、林肯、杰斐逊和罗斯福思维美国总统栩栩如生的塑像。
5. 迪斯尼乐园的成功有许多原因，但是归根结底要归功于一个人，这个人发明了卡通画，白手起家，创建了这家公司。