2007年7月变化中的英语

试卷代号：1029中央广播电视大学2006—2007学年度第一学期“开放本科”朗末考试英语专业变化中的英语试题Section 1: Multiple ChoiceDirections: Questions 1--10 are based on this part. Choose the best answer according to what you have learned in this course.1. When you meet some old, native speakers of English who are hard to understand,you know, it is probably because _____A. your English is poorB. they are speaking a variety of EnglishC. they speak poor EnglishD. you do not listen carefully enough2. Standard English started in __ century.A. 5thB. 11 thC. 14thD. 15th3. Saying that all languages are equal is rather like saying that people are all equal. Itmeans that people are actually not all equal, __A. and so are all languages.B. but all languages are not.C. but all languages are equal.D. nor are all languages4. There are 3 different ways in which English differs with use. They are __A. vocabulary, grammar and formalityB. regional, historical and social varietyC. written, spoken and scientific EnglishD. formal, informal and casual ways of expression5. By cultural imperialism is meantA. the spread to other places of products and cultural ideas that are associatedwith EnglishB. some countries try to conquer other countries by way of cultureC. some countries use military forces as well as culture to conquer other countriesD. threatening other countries by way of their cultures through English6. Geoffrey Chaucer is remembered chiefly for his work __A. PersuasionB. The Tower of BabelC. Around the World in 80 DaysD. The Canterbury Tales7. The most important factor that reinforces the international role of English is __A. televisionB. travel and transportC. entertainmentsD. developments in IT8. Communicative approach is __A. a view of ELT that puts first understanding and being understood by anotherpersonB. learning by constantly doing dialogue practiceC. a course designed to match the future work and needs of learnerD. a way of learning and teaching that teachers and students communicate witheach other9. Prescriptive teaching is about the systems of rules, descriptive study is about __A. local standardsB. written English instead of oral EnglishC. different ways to teach a foreign languageD. the language itself10. English is not unique in being an international language, There are otherinternational languages such as __A. JapaneseB. SwedishC. DanishD. PortugueseSection 2: True or FalseDirections: Questions ! 1--20 are based on this part. Decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F) according to what you have learned from the course.11. ELI is English as a mother tongue (first language); ESL is English as a secondlanguage; EFL is English as a foreign language.12. Error analysis is a way of learning through studying the mistakes.13. Latin is a living language, and it lives in modern European languages.14. EngLish dominates the making of databases and processes of retrieval and transfer ofinformation.15. Standard English is better than any other English varieties.16. TV promotes the global use of English.17. In the worldwide community of users of English, a Chinese student majoring inEnglish stands in the Outer Circle.18. "Edutainment' is an invented word, meaning education and entertainment togetherat the same time.19. Although they don't speak a RP, English dialect speakers always understand it.20. Learning about English is very useful for advanced learners because it can giveperspective to study and make possible informed decisions.Passage 1: Questions 21--25 are based on this part.Read the following passage, and choose the best answer from the 4 possible choices marked A, B, C and D. Write your answers on your Answer Sheet.It is commonly believed in the United Stated that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The distinction between schooling and education intplied by this remark is more than intportant.Education, in actual fact, is much mnore olden-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere,' whether in the shower or on thejob, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takesplace in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. The agents of education can range from a respected grandfather to the people debating policies on the radio, from a child playing on the ground to a distinguished scientist working at laboratories. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education, in contrast, quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in education from infancy on. Education, therefore, is a very broad, inclusive term. h is a lifelong process that starts long before the start of school, andone thai should be an integrated part of one's entire life.Schooling, on the other hand, is a very specific, formalized process, whose generalpattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, lake assigned seats, are taught by an adult, usesimilar textbooks, do homework their teachers ask them to finish, take exams from time to time, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabel oran understanding of the workings of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school students know that theyare not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with at Hollywood. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.21. What does the author probably mean by using the expression "children interrupttheir education to go to school"( para. 1 )?A. Going to several different schools is educationally beneficial.B. School vacations interrupt the continuity of the school year.C. Summer school makes the school year too long.D. All of life is an education.22. The word "chance" ( para. 2 ) is closest in meaning to __A. unplannedB. unusualC. lengthyD. lively23. The phrase "For example," ( para. 3 ) introduces a sentence that exemplifiesA. similar textbooksB. the results of schoolingC. the working of a governmentD. the limits of classroom subjects24. The passage supports which of the following conclusions'?A. Without fortnal education, people would remain ignorant.B. Educational systems need to be radically reformed.C. Going to school is only part of how people become educated.D. Education involves many years of professional training.25. The passage is organized by __A. listing and discussing several educational problemsB. contrasting the meanings of two related wordsC. narrating a story about excellent teachersD. giving examples of different kinds of schoolPassage 2: Questions 26--30 are based on this part.Read the following passage, and choose the best answer from the four possible choices marked A, B, C and D. Write your answers on your Answer Sheet.The common experience of having a name or word on the tip of the tongue seems related to specific perceptual associations. In particular, people who report the tip-of-the-tongue feeling tend to identify the word's first letter and numbers of syllables with an accuracy thatis far more than guessing. There ix evidence that the mind may store data about when information was learned and about how often it has been experienced. Some memories seemto include spatial information: e. g. , one remembers a particular news item to be on thelower right-hand side of the from page of a newspaper. Research indicates that the rate of forgetting varies for different associations. For example, memories in which hearing associations seem dominant tend to he more rapidly forgotten than those with fewer hearing associations.If a target memory consists of a collection of associations, its recall shouht be made more possible by any reminder that indicates one of the associations. For example, on failing to recall the term horse included in a list they have just seen, people may be asked if an associated term (.say, harn or zebra) helps them to recall the word. While some additional recall has been observed with this kind of help, failures are common even with reminder of seemingly relevant associations. Though it is possible that the reminders frequently are inappropriate, nevertheless, if words were not learned or stored with accompanying associations, reminders of any kind should be ineffective.26. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. How a person remembers words.B. How a person uses a new word.C. The origin of the expression "to be on the tip of the tongue".D. How associations are used to pronounce words.27. It can be concluded from the passage that all stored words are __A. remembered without helpB. learned without remindersC. memorized with associationsD. forgotten if not used28. According to the passage, words learned with few associations will beA. easily be spelledB. recalled with few remindersC. well storedD. remembered with difficulty29. Which of the following does the author mention as a cause for forgetting?A. The need for more precise spatial information.B. The creation of obviously relevant reminders.C. The learning of words without corresponding associations.D. The use of inappropriate hearing associations.30. Which is NOT mentioned as a tendency among people who have the tip-of-thetongue experience?A. Knowing the number of syllables in a word.B. Recognizing the word when heard.C. Remembering where words were seen.D. Knowing the first letter of the word.(F). Write your answers on your Answer Sheet.oId English, a variant of West Germanic, was spoken by certain Germanic peoples (Angles, Saxons, and Jutes) of the regions comprising present-day southern Denmark and northern Germany who invaded Britain in the 5th century AD; the Jutes were the first to arrive, in 449, aceording to tradition. Settling in Britain, the invaders drove the indigenous Celtic-speaking peoples, notably the Britons, to tile north and west. As time went on, oId English evolved further from the original Continental form, and regional dialects developed. The four major dialects recognized in Old English are Kentish, originally the dialect spoken by the Jutes; West Saxon, a branch of the dialect spoken by the Saxons; and Northumbrian and Mercian, subdivisions of the dialects spoken by tile Angles. By the 9th century, partly through the influence of Alfred, king of the West Saxons and the first ruler of all England, West Saxon became prevalent in prose literature. A Mercian mixed dialect, however, was primarily used for the greatest poetry, such as the anonymous 8th-century epic poem Beowulf and the contemporary elegiac poems.Old English was an inflected language characterized by strong and weak verbs; a dual number for pronouns (for example, a form for "we two" as well as "we"), two different declensions of adjectives, four declensions of nouns, and grammatical distinctionsof gender. Although rich in word-building possibilities, oId English was limited in vocabulary. It borrowed few proper nouns from the language of the conquered Celts, primarily those such as Aberdeen ("mouth of the Dee") and Inchcape ("island cape") that describe geographical features. Scholars believe that ten common nouns in Old English are of Celtic origin; among these are bannock , cart, down, and mattock .Although other Celtic words not preserved in literature may have been in use during the Old English period, most Modern English words of Cchic origin, that is, those derived from Welsh, Scottish Gaelic, or Irish,'are comparatively recent borrowings.The number of Latin words, many of them derived from the Greek, that were introduced during the Old English period has been estimated at 140. Typical of these words are altar, mass, priest, psalm, temple, kitchen, pa[m, and pear. A few were probablyintroduced through the Celtic; others were brought to Britain by the Germanic invaders, who previously had come into contact with Roman culture. By far the largest number of Latinwords was introduced as a result of the spread' of Christianity. Such words included not only ecclesiastical terms but many others of less specialized significance.About 40 Scandinavian (Old Norse) words were introduced into OId English by the Norsemen, or Vikings, who invaded Britain periodically from the late 8th century on. Introduced first were words related to the sea and hattie, but shortly after the initialinvasions other words used in the Scandinavian social and administrative system--for example, the word law--entered the language, as well as the verb form are and such widelyused words as take, cut, both, ill, and ugly.31. The earliest speakers of Old English were not natives of Great Britain.32. The conqueror who first unified England was a Saxon.33. The majority of the borrowings from Celtic origin now existing in Modern Englishoccurred in the ()Id English period.34. Many of tile Latin words merged into Old English can be traced to their root in theGreek,.35. Initial borrowings brought into Old English by Vikings were limited to social and administrative sectors.Passage 4; Questions 36--40 are based on this part.Read the following conversation and choose the best answer from the 4 possible choicesmarked A, B, C and D. Write your answers on your Answer Sheet.Li Yah: So native speakers can't agree on how borrowed words should be pronounced?Steven: No, not always. Especially if the words are borrowed from French or German,and people have studied these languages. If words are borrowed from languagesin remote parts of the world, nobody even tries to pronounce them in the waythey are pronounced in their country of origin. And it just takes time before therules of the English sound system are applied to recent borrowings fromEuropean languages. Then they are thoroughly anglicized.Li Yah: Anglicized?Steven:Yes -- Made English -- given an English passport!Li Yan: Steven!Steven: Yes, Li Yah?Li Yah: Steven, I want you to tell me something.Steven: I will if I know!Li Yan: Well, I was looking at an English language programme on the TV. Somepeople were going la the theatre. And one of them said they would meel in the-- and ! thought heard the word f~,yay/foei/. Well, it's a new word to me.So I looked to see if ii was in the notes on the programme. I couldn't find it. 1looked in the dictionary. And I found .foyer. But surely it isn' I the sameword? It couldn't possibly be pronounced like that?Steven: h is, you know, it's a French word. It just means that part of a dleatre al Ihefront, where the tickets are sold, and there is often a bar, sometimes arestaurant. And most people pronounce it as French in a way as they can .....foya y.Li Yan: Most people -- but not everyone?Steven, No. Some people think it's an English word by this time, and that it ought tobe pronounced like one! They say foyer/foia/. My mother knew an elderly ladywho was still saying the word hotel the French way! She said otel just as mostpeople did when she was a girl! !'ye never heard anyone pronounce it like that.Some English people try to say restaurant in as French a way as they can, andothers sound the "t" at the end.36. Which of the following is true according to the conversation?A. All borrowed words in English are pronounced differently from their country oforigin.B. All borrowed words in English are pronounced in the same way as their countryof origin.C. Some borrowed words in English are pronounced differently from their countryof origin.D. Some borrowed words change their meaning with the passage of time.37. Some people try harder than others to ___ words that were borrowed recently asthey think they shouhl.A. pronounceB. spellC. rememberD. learn38. Some recent borrowings from European languages are thoroughly anglicized. Theword "anglicized" meansA. made EnglishB. made GermanC. changed in their meaningsD. forgotten39. The following are mentioned as examples of borrowed words from French exceptA. hotelB. restaurantC. foyayD. remote40. The French word "foyay" meansA. book officeB. barC. part of a theatreD. restaurantPart Ul: Writing Short Notes 20 pointsWrite short notes according to what you have learned in the course.41. What are advantages and disadvantages of teaching a local Standard English.'?(10 points)42. Name 5 approaches to ELT methodology. (10 points)试卷代号：1029中央广播电视大学Z006—2007学年度第一学期“开放本科”期末考试英语专业变化中的英语试题答案及评分标准1. B2. C3. D4. A5. A6. D7. D8. A9. D10. D11. T12. T13. F14. F15. F16. T17. F18. T19. T2O. T21. D22. A23. D24. C25. B26. A27. C28. D29. C30. B31. T32. T33. F34. T35. F36. C37. A38. A39. D40. CPart m Answering Questions 20 points41. (Award a maximum of 10 points. 2 points for each correct ideas expressed)Advantages of teaching a local standard English ..1) they'are easier and quicker to learn;2) they are useful where there are many languages in use in a country and no commonlanguage;3) only the minority of people needs a language for international use.Disadvantages of teaching a local standard English:1 ) local standards change quickly and are not well regarded internationally;2) If they are used internationally, they don't do justice to the users of StandardEnglish;3) Local standards are emerging and changing, for this reason there may not be enoughsuitable teachers or teaching material.42. ( Award a maximum of 10 points for one 5 of the following, 2 points for each correctidea expressed)1) ELT based on English literature and culture2) Pattern practice3) Language Lab Practice4) V ocabulary for everyday use5) Language teaching based on psychology and linguistics6) A communicative approach to ELT7) Error Analysis8) English for Specific purpose。