Unit 2 Grammar 被动语态
高中英语 Unit 2 Robots Section Ⅲ Grammar 被动语态和动词不定式的被动
Unit 2 Robots被动语态和动词不定式的被动形式语境自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟1.It was going to be tested out by Larry'swife，Claire.2.By that time，Tony expected the house to be pletely transformed.3.The women were impressed by Claire，the house and the delicious cuisine.4.What a sweet victory to be envied by those women！1.例句1中的黑体字部分为过去将来时的被动形式，其构成是was/were going to＋be＋done。
2.例句3中的黑体字部分为一般过去时的被动形式，其构成是was/were＋done。
3.例句2、4中的黑体字部分为动词不定式一般式的被动形式，其构成是to＋be＋done。
英语中有两种语态，一种是主动语态，一种是被动语态。
如果主语是动作的执行者，或者动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，那么用被动语态。
一、被动语态的基本构成和用法被动语态由“be＋过去分词〞构成，被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要表达在be的变化上，其变化形式与系动词be的完全一样。
下面以do为例列举各种时态的被动语态的形式。
时态被动结构一般现在时am/is/are＋done一般过去时was/were＋done一般将来时shall/will/am/is/are (going to)＋be＋done过去将来时should/would/was/were(going to)＋be＋done现在进行时am/is/are＋being＋done过去进行时was/were＋being＋done现在完成时have/has＋been＋done过去完成时had＋been＋done希望大家遵守以下规定。
高中英语Book2 Unit 2 Grammar(语法)Future Passive voice(一般将来时的被动语态)
You are the volunteer in the Olympic Village. Someone has written
the following notice for the guests in the village.
Rules for the audience
1. Nobodyw_i_ll__b_e__a_l_lo_w__e_d_ (allow) to enter the stadium without a ticket.
6.allow
16.do
7.finish
17.carry
8.make
18.repair
9.take
19.write
10. tell
20. complete
【课前准备】 (写出下列动词的过去式过去分词)
1.am,is was/were-been
2.build built-built 3.spend spent-spent 4.cost cost-cost 5.hold held-held
Fill in the blank with the right form of the verb given. ① Their house w__a_s_p_a_in_t_e_d_ (paint) last week. ② Visitors _a_r_e_r_e_q_u_e_s_te_d__ (request) not to take photos in this museum. ③ This terrible disease _w__a_s_s_p_re_a_d___ (spread) in 2003. ④ Students _a_r_e_t_o_ld_ (tell) to work hard everyday.
Grammar--被动语态
Grammar—被动语态1、构成：“be+动词的过去分词”(be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化)常用句式：A）肯定句---“主语+be+过去分词+by…“I was invited to the concert yesterday by the Greens.B) 否定句---“主语+be not+过去分词+by…“The glass was not broken by Nick but by the wind.C) 一般疑问句--- “Be +主语+过去分词+by…?”Is King Lear written by Shakespeare?D) 特殊疑问句--- “特殊疑问词+be+主语+过去分词…？“When was the football team set up?2、含情态动词的被动语态结构：“情态动词+be+过去分词“Anything here can’t be touched.用法：1)不知道动作的执行者是谁This watch is made in China.2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁Many trees must be planted every year.3)需要强调或者突出动作的承受者时Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.4)句子的主语是动作的承受者Many houses were washed away by the flood.主动&被动的转换主动语态变为被动语态时，主动句的宾语则变成被动句的主语；主动句的谓语则变为“be+过去分词”；主动句的主语则变成被动句的“by结构“。
“S+V+O”结构的被动语态I invited her to my birthday party.--- She was invited to my birthday party (by me).带no的主动句改为被动句时，常用not, never/ neither…No one has ever beaten her at tennis.--- She has never been beaten at tennis.否定句中带有“any-”的不定代词，变为被动语态时常用由”no-“构成的否定代词。
Book 2 Unit 2 Grammar 一般将来时的被动语态
Book 2 Unit 2 Grammar 一般将来时的被动语态一般将来时的被动语态，表示一个发生在将来的被动性动作。
一．一般将来时被动语态的构成shall / will + be + 及物动词的过去分词二．一般将来时的被动语态的形式1．肯定式：主语+ shall / will + be + 过去分词+ 其他A new bridge will be built here. 将要在这里建一座新桥。
2．否定式：主语+ shall / will + not + be + 过去分词+ 其他We shall not be asked to attend the meeting because we are too busy.因为我们太忙，就不应该再被要求去参加那个会议了3．一般疑问式：Shall / Will + 主语+ be + 过去分词+ 其他？Will the building be built by us? 这建筑将要被我们建造吗？4．特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+ shall / will + 主语+ be + 过去分词+ 其他？When will the letter be received by Tom? 这封信什么时候将会被Tom收到？三．学习一般将来时的被动语态要注意以下两点：某些动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语可充当及物动词，在变为被动语态的时候，不要漏掉介词或副词。
Y our baby will be taken good care of when you are out.当你不在家的时候，你的孩子会得到很好的照顾。
在复合句中，当主句使用将来时（或含有将来意义时），时间状语从句、条件状语从句和让步状语从句，要用一般现在时表示将来意义。
Don’t get off the bus until it stops. 停车前不要下车。
练习一：翻译这条漂亮的裙子会被很多女孩子喜欢的。
这项工作很快就要被完成了。
人教版高中英语选修7教师用书：Unit 2 Section_Ⅳ Grammar_-_Writing(含答案)
Section_ⅣGrammar_&_Writing被动语态(Ⅰ) 动词不定式的被动式不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系，即当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示动作的承受者时，不定式一般使用被动式。
一、动词不定式被动式的构成和意义构成意义表示发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生一般式to be done的被动动作完成式to have been done 表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动动作The next thing to be done is to carry away the earth.下一步要做的事是把土运走。
No harm seems to have been done to them.对他们似乎并没有造成损害。
[考题印证]1①(山东高考改编)George returned after the war, only to_be_told (tell) that his wife had left him.②(湖南高考改编)We've had a good start, but next, more work needs to_be_done/doing (do) to achieve the final success.二、动词不定式被动式的用法(1)作主语It is an honour to be chosen as a volunteer.能被选上做志愿者，真是一件荣幸的事情。
(2)作表语The task is to be finished by next month.这项工作要在下个月才能完成。
(3)作宾语The boy asked to be given an opportunity to try again.那男孩要求给他再试一次的机会。
(4)作宾语补足语He ordered the baggage to be brought to his room.他吩咐把行李搬进他的房间。
Book 2 Unit 4 Grammar 现在进行时的被动语态
Book 2 Unit 4 Grammar 现在进行时的被动语态一．现在进行时的被动语态的构成：be + being + 过去分词My new house is being decorated. 我的新房子正在被装修。
Money is being collected for the Hope Project. 捐给希望工程的钱正在收集。
二．现在进行时的被动语态的形式：1．肯定式：主语+ be + being + 过去分词+ 其他Another bridge is being built over the Changjiang River. 长江上一座桥正在被修建。
2．否定式：主语+ be + not + being + 过去分词+ 其他The engineer is not being treated fairly. 目前这位工程师没有受到公平的待遇。
3．一般疑问式: Be + 主语+ being + 过去分词+ 其他？Is the life of pandas being studied by the scientists? 熊猫的生活正在被科学家研究吗？4．特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+ be + 主语+ being + 过去分词+ 其他？Where is the new science lab being built? 新的科技馆正在哪里建造？三．现在进行时的被动语态的用法1．表示现在时刻正在进行的被动动作。
The injured people are being examined by the doctor. 伤者正在被医生检查。
When I return, the bike is still being repaired. 当我回来的时候，自行车还在修理。
2．表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，但此时此刻这动作不一定正在发生。
Several new high roads are being built. 几条新的高速公路在正建设中。
Book 2 Unit 3 Grammar 现在完成时的被动语态
Book 2 Unit 3 Grammar 现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性动作持续到现在，或对现在造成的影响或结果。
一．现在完成时的被动语态的构成have / has + been + 及物动词的过去分词二．现在完成时的被动语态的形式1．肯定式：主语+ have / has + been + 过去分词+ 其他The car has been repaired. 这辆汽车已经被修理好了。
2．否定式：主语+ have / has + not + been + 过去分词+ 其他The house has not been cleaned for a long time. 这房子很久没有打扫了。
3．一般疑问式：Have / Has + 主语+ been + 过去分词+ 其他？Has my letter been received by you? 你收到了我的信了吗？4．特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+ have / has + 主语+ been + 过去分词+ 其他？Where has the car been repaired? 这辆汽车是在哪里修好的？三．学习现在完成时的被动语态时应该注意以下几点：1．被动语态没有完成进行时态，现在完成进行时（现在完成进行时态的动作表示从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到至今，它强调动作的整个过程。
这个动作也许刚刚结束，也许仍在进行。
结构：主语+ have/has been + v-ting + 其他）的主动语态改为被动语态时要用现在完成时。
He has been writing the report for two days.变为被动语态应该为：The report has been written by him for two days. 那份报告他已经写了两天了。
2．短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持完整性，不可省略短语动词中的介词或副词。
新教材人教版高中英语B2U2grammar
Practice Question & Answer
What is happening to the wetland? The wetland __a_r_e_b_e_i_n_g_d_e_s_t_ro__ye_d__ (destroy). Some parts _a_r_e_b_e_i_n_g_c_o_v_e_r_e_d__ (cover) with new house. You can see rubbish everywhere. The wetland __i_s_b_e_in__g_p_o_l_lu_t_e_d__ (pollute) seriously every day.
一般现在时的被动语态
2. The tree was cut down.
一般过去时的被动语态
THEN WHAT ABOUT: The Earth is being polluted.
Observation
Active voice (主动语态)
(1) I take a book. (2) He waters the flowers every day.
(3) The famers don't grow apples on the farm. (4) Can we put our bikes here?
Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar——现在进行时的被动语态
Section ⅢGrammar——现在进行时的被动语态语境自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟1.African elephants are being hunted.2.What is being done to help them？3.What measures are being taken to help them？4.I am working at home today because my office is being painted.1.例句1、2、3、4中都用了现在进行时的被动语态，其谓语构成是：am/is/are＋being＋done。
2.都表示此刻或现阶段正被进行的动作。
一、现在进行时的被动语态的构成be(am/is/are)＋being＋doneThe bridge is being built across the river this month.这个月人们正在建横跨这条河的桥。
二、现在进行时的被动语态的结构肯定句主语＋be(am/is/are) ＋being done否定句主语＋be(am/is/are) ＋not＋being done 一般疑问句be(am/is/are) ＋主语＋being done特殊疑问句特殊疑问词＋be(am/is/are) ＋主语＋being done It is reported that the water in the lake is not being protected now.据报道，这个湖里的水现在没有得到保护。
Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse?这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗？Who is being trained for the coming English speech contest?为了即将举行的英语演讲比赛，谁正接受训练？[即时训练1]根据要求转换句子They are building a modern school in his hometown.①A modern school ________ in his hometown.(改为被动语态)②A modern school _______ in his hometown.(改为否定句)③__________________ in his hometown？(改为一般疑问句)④_____________？(对句中的in his hometown进行提问)三、现在进行时的被动语态的用法1．表示此刻正被进行的动作，句中常用now，at the moment等时间状语。
book 2 unit 2 grammar 被动语态
computer, use, class A computer is used in our class every day.
2. They bought ten computers last year．
Ten computers were bought (by them) last year.
He rides the motorbike to his factory every day.
The motorbike is ridden to his factory (by him) every day.
We call the snowman Mr. Strong.
The snowman is called Mr. Strong (by us).
2.不规则动词的过去分词： am
is are
do done have had write written been has go gone
built 建 立 ) by The Great Wall was _________( Chinese people.
is spoken （讲）by the most English __________ people in the world.
be 有人称、数的变化 有时态变化
如:
1.The desk is made of wood. 2.The desks are made of wood. 3.He is asked a question by the teacher. 4.I was given a nice present by my friend yesterday.
The basket can be easily carried by her.
高中英语真题-高中英语Unit2Grammar导学案新人教版必修2
高中英语真题:高中英语Unit2Grammar导学案新人教版必修2英语中的分词有两种：现在分词和过去分词，兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征。
在句子中可以作定语，表语，宾语补足语和状语。
考点一现在分词的基本形式1．现在分词的一般式一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时进行。
如：They came in talking and laughing．他们谈笑着进来了。
Seeing nobody there，he turned off the lights．看到没人在那，他就把灯关了。
2．现在分词的完成式完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。
如：Having cleaned the desks，we began reading．擦完了桌子后，我们便开始看书。
Having been surrounded for a month，the enemy had to give in．被包围一个月后，敌人不得不投降了。
3．现在分词的被动语态现在分词的被动语态分为一般式和完成式两种。
一般式表示一个被动动作正在进行。
或与谓语表示的动作同时进行。
完成式表示一个被动动作在谓语表示的动作之前已经完成了。
如： The building being built will be our school library．正在建造的那座大楼将是我们的校图书馆。
[例] ____ ，we were taken to Bee the library.A．We had been shown the classrooms B．Being shown the classroomsC．Having been shown the classrooms D．Having shown the classrooms[解析] 句意：我们先被领着看了教室，又被带去看图书馆。
首先，句子主语与show之间构成被动关系，因此可排除D项；A项为句子，需要加连词连接两个分句；B项相当于While we were being shown the classrooms，显然与后面的时间有冲突，故只有C项正确。
新译林牛津 现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态B2U2 Grammar and usage 课件
2.否定式： 主语+have/has + not been done.
This book has not been translated into many languages.
这本书没有被翻译成多种语言。
3.现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问句需将 ha_v_e_/_h_a_s_提到主语的前面。
据报道，这个湖里的水现在没有得到保护。
3.一般疑问式： Am/Is/Are + 主语 + being + done
Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse these days?
这些婴儿这些天正由这个护士照看吗？
4.特殊疑问式： 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + being + done + 其他？
Has this book been translated into many languages.
这本书已被翻译成多种语言吗？
4.特殊疑问句：疑问词 + have/has +been +v-ed?
Why has this book been translated into many languages?
voice iisn/atrhe/eamp+rbeesienng tdocnoentinuous and present perfect tenses and fill in the table below. The first two have
been done for you.
have/has +been done
被动语态-结构&用法
4.He was laughed at for the foolish mistake. 5.All these things are to be answered in the future. 6.The students were given some advice. Some advice was given to the students. 7. It is known that he is teacher. He is known to be a teacher.
Johnson works in a construction company. He has made great contribution to our city. A department store has been built by him. He always has much work to do. Yesterday he had his car repaired. Much work was prepared for the next day meeting. Now a meeting is being attended. Tomorrow He has to have a hair cut and the road should be repaired as soon as possible. The design for the subway will be finished. Moreover, his son should be bought a gift for his 12th birthday. Wow, how busy Johnson was, is and will be!
F: Well, a lot of changes were made last week. For one thing, Susan was fired. M: Where is she now? F: Maybe she is looking for a new position now. M: I see. What about me? Was me fired too too? F: No, of course not. I was given a new office. M: It’s great. Congratulations! F: Spanish will be studied next month. Anyway, I don’t want to be the next one! M: Good luck!
高中英语-Unit2 Grammar 被动语态 ying
1 ． 主 语 ( 物 ) ＋ wash ， clean ， cook ， read ， write ， sell 等 不 及 物 动 词 ＋ adv. （adv. 表示主语的内在品质或性能）
My watch can't work; it needs_c_l_e_a_n_in_g. (clean)
The book is worth reading a second time.
三、动词不定式的被动语态
1. 动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式： 1）一般式
（not/never ）to be done
The book_s_e_l_ls__ (sell) well. Your pen_w_r_i_te_s_ (write) quite smoothly. The clothw__a_sh_e_s_(wash) easily.
对比以下句子
• The book sells well. • The book was sold out.
2. 得到如此多的帮助,她很高兴. She was glad t_o_h_a_v_e__b_e_e_n__g_iv_e_n_（give） so much help.
四、不定式的主动形式表示被动的几种情况
1．在“主语+ be + adj + to do”结构中。
常用的形容词有easy, difficult, hard, nice, impossible, pleasant, interesting，expensive etc.
The essay is easy to understand. This kind of water is unfit t词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。
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“大家说”等时。如：
It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and …… It was reported that her mother died of SARS. 众所周知… … It is well known that … 据推测说… … It is supposed that … 据信…… It is believed that …
The judges felt sorry for Helena and gave her a special prize of an ___________ instead. olive wreath
Answers for Ex. 2 on Page 13: Rules for the Olympic Games 1. Nobody _________________ (allow) to will be allowed
D. hurry
2. Nowadays all countries can take part
in if their athletes reach the standard.
A. Today B. These days C. In the future D. Tomorrow B
3. My son went to see the new stadiums
8 _____________ duty to be in charge responsibility and get in trouble if things go wrong 9 ___________ special hall for physical gymnasium exercise
10 _____________ to join in take part in
before the Olympic Games began.
A. concert halls B. sports halls B
C. reception buildings
D. athletes’ village
4. Li Yan wanted to take part in the Olympic Games as a volunteer. C
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的 过去分词”构成, 助动词be有人称、数 的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词 时一样。如: The desk is made of wood. The desks are made of wood. He is asked a question by the teacher. I was given a nice present by my friend yesterday.
flag stand for? B
A. support C. introduce B. mean D. look like
3 Complete the passage.
standard athlete admit compete responsibility olive wreath homeland Helena was a great _______ in the 5000-metre athlete running race. She had won many prizes and wanted to ________ in the Olympic Games. compete So she practised hard every day in order to be _________ as a competitor. admitted
3. No animals __________________ (allow) will be allowed in the stadium.
4. Cheating by athletes will not be
____________ (excuse). excused They ______________ (tell ) to leave. will be told 5. No smoking will be _____________ allowed (allow). If you are discovered, you will be asked ______________ (ask) to pay ten dollars.
Grammar
Passive Voice
The Great Wall _________ by Chinese was built people. ( build )
English __________ by the most people is spoken in the world. ( speak )
何时使用被动语态呢？ 一、行为主体不明确, 不必说出或者无法 说出动作的执行者时。如： Football is played all over the world． 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的 执行者时。如： My bike was stolen．我的自行车被盗了。
三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”
It didn’t take her long to reach the
_________ for entering the Olympic standard Games. This made Helena eager to win a gold medal for herself and her __________. Unfortunately during homeland
5 ____________ happening every regular basis
time with the same amount of
time in between
6 _______ to take the place of replace
7 _______ short sentence or phrase motto expressing the beliefs of a person or group
2 Choose the word or phrase that means almost the same as the word in italics. 1 She rose to her feet in one swift
movement.
A. short
B B. quick
C. immediate
1.They make shoes in that factory.
主语+及物动词+宾语
Shoes are made factory. 一般现在时： S(主语)+am/is /are (not) +过去分词 (by them) in that
the final, she was in front in her race
when
another competitor pushed her on
purpose so that she fell down. Poor
Helena lost her chance of a medal but
the other woman had to take responsibility ____________ for breaking the rules.
2.不规则动词的过去分词：
am is are
been
have has
had
done do write written go gone
典型题例 例1 将下列句子改为被动语态。 We clean our classroom every day.
Our classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.
《飘》
Gone with the wind
The book ___________ by Margaret was written Mitchell. (write)
The umbrella __________ for keeping is used off the rain. (use)
The light ____________ by Thomas was invented Edison . (invent)
A. someone who offers help
B. someone who offers to pay C. Someone who helps without pay D. someone who works part-time
5. What do the five rings on the Olympicses
Learning about language
Discovering useful words and expressions 1 Find the word or expression.
1 _________ to take part in a sports event compete 2 _______ to allow to enter (a course or admit sports competition ) 3 ________ someone who takes part in a athlete sports competition 4 __________ level of ability standard
1.规则动词的过去分词：
1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed 2)以不发音e结尾的加-d 3)以辅音加y结尾的, 去y变i加-ed 4)以重读闭音节结尾, 末尾只有一个辅音字母, 先双写该辅音字母, 再加-ed
watch---watched study---studied