美国华盛本大学创业学英语版WUST E-ship Course Week 3
创新大学英语3综合教程(华东师范大学出版社)第六单元单词
evidenceof a person's achievements or trustworthiness, usually inthe form of certificates, references, etc.证书（件）；资格
hunt down
tosearch for sb./sth. in order to find them搜寻，追踪
workplace
n.
the office, factory, etc., where people work工作场所
dependability
n.
the quality of being dependable or reliable可靠，可靠性
self-starter
n.
a person who is able to work on their own and make their own decisions without needing anyone to tell them what to do有主动（积极）性的人
time and time again
on many or all occasions; repeatedly一再，一次又一次
professionalism
n.
the skill and high standards of behavior expected of a professional person职业精神；专业水平
to consider what sb. says to you very seriously认真考虑
in sb.'s shБайду номын сангаасes
in sb. else's situation, especially a bad one处于某人的境地；设身处地
创新大学生英语综合教程第三册第二版
创新大学生英语综合教程第三册第二版一、简介《创新大学生英语综合教程第三册第二版》是为大学生英语教学设计的一套教材。
本教程是第三册第二版，以培养学生综合运用英语语言能力为主要目标，通过不同主题和形式的课文、练习以及实际情境的模拟，提升学生的听、说、读、写、译等技能。
本文档将对本教程的主要内容和特色进行详细介绍。
二、教材内容《创新大学生英语综合教程第三册第二版》涵盖了生活、工作、学习等多个场景，包括下列主题：1.社交与人际关系：介绍如何与他人进行合适的交流以及建立良好的人际关系。
2.职业发展：介绍职业规划、面试技巧以及写简历等与职业发展相关的内容。
3.环境保护：探讨环境保护与可持续发展的重要性，以及如何采取行动保护环境。
4.教育与学习：讨论学习方法、教育体系以及高校招生政策等与教育与学习相关的话题。
5.科技与创新：介绍科技领域的最新发展，以及如何创新科技解决问题。
6.文化与艺术：探讨不同国家和地区的文化、传统艺术以及文化交流等内容。
三、教材特色1.任务驱动学习：本教程采用任务驱动学习的方法，通过给学生布置任务来激发学生的学习兴趣和动力。
任务包括课堂小组讨论、实际情境模拟、角色扮演等形式，让学生在实践中学习。
2.融入跨文化元素：为了培养学生的跨文化交流能力，教材中融入了不同国家和地区的文化元素，通过学习他们的传统风俗、习惯和礼仪，培养学生的跨文化意识。
3.注重听力与口语训练：本教程注重培养学生的听力和口语能力，通过大量的听力材料和口语练习，提升学生的听力理解和口语表达能力。
4.关注学生个性化需求：每个单元中都设有开放性的练习，让学生根据自己的兴趣和需求进行拓展学习，满足学生的个性化需求。
四、使用方法教材可以在课堂上作为主要教材使用，也可以作为自学教材进行使用。
教师可以根据教学目标和学生的实际情况，灵活选择教材中的内容进行教学。
对于每个单元，可以按照以下步骤进行教学：1.导入：通过提问或呈现相关图片或视频引入本单元话题，激发学生的兴趣并调动学生的背景知识。
新视野大学英语第三版读写教程book3课后翻译英汉互译
NNCE Book3课后翻译参考答案Unit1英译中原文：Global citizen is someone who identifies with being part of an emerging world community and whose actions contribute to building this community's values and practices. Global citizenship believes that humankind is essentially on and each individual has the power to change things. In our interdependent world, global citizenship encourages us to recognize our responsibilities toward each other and learn from each other. Global citizens care about education, disease, poverty, and environmental issues around the world. Today, the forces of global engagement are helping some people identify themselves as global citizens who have a sense of belonging to a world community. This growing global identity in large part is made possible by the forces of modern information, communications and transportation technologies. Global citizenship aims to empower people to lead their own action. Along with the knowledge and values that they have gained from learning about global issues, people need to be equipped with the necessary skills to give themselves the ability and confidence to be pro-active in making a positive difference in the world.Keys：世界公民是指一个人承认自己是新兴的全球社区的一分子，而且其行动对全球社区的价值打造和实践活动有所贡献。
新编实用英语第三册PE3_U07_W
New Practical English 3（Second Edition）
keys
Simulate and Create
Annual General Meeting of Shareholder of Sino-America ST Microeletronics April 25, 2003 to be held on ______________ at___________________________________________ Mayflower Hotel, 197 Ocean Road, Chongqing, China (023)83106704 Tel:______________ Time 8:30am – 8:45am 8:45am - 9:00am Agenda Registration Call to order and opening
New Practical English 3（Second Edition）
Read and Simulate
Thursday, Executive and Council Meetings June 26, 2003
6:30 Breakfast 8:00 AM
7:00 Executive 8:00 AM Committee 8:30 AM Council - 2:30 Meeting PM
New Practical English 3（Second Edition）
Simulate and Create
3 The following is the detailed agenda of CCST Council Meeting related to the above sample. Fill in the blanks according to the Chinese cues given. CALIFORNIA COUNCIL ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CCST COUNCIL MEETING Thursday, June 19, 2003
美国 华盛本大学 (Washburn University)
美国华盛本大学 (Washburn University) 华盛本大学始建于1865年，位于美国中部堪萨斯州府特碧卡市（Topeka, Kansas），校园占地160 英亩，现有学生约7,000人，其中包括来自40多个国家的170余名留学生。
华盛本是一所教学型公立综合性大学，下设文理学院、法学院、商学院、护理学院, 应用学院和技术学院。
其中商学院属全球商学院顶级协会-AACSB正式成员。
该校以小班教学著称，师生比例为1：18。
在《美国新闻与世界报道》全美公立硕士类大学排行榜中，华盛本连年被列入美国中西区前10名, 全美前40名内。
大学年度经费总支出八千万美元，固定资产1.16亿美元，永久基金一亿美元 (在全美众多公立同类高校中居第25位)。
学校每年发放奖学金、助学金和贷学金五千多万美元。
校友中有1971诺贝尔医学奖得主俄尔∙ 萨得伦、前美国参议院多数党领袖和1996年共和党提名总统候选人包伯∙ 多尔、韩国LG集团前总裁具滋斗、美国大陆航空公司前总裁葛乐戈∙ 布莱曼等知名人士。
韩国前总统金大中于1987年获颁该校名誉博士学位。
华盛本大学重视国际教育并与国际上近40所高等院校保持友好合作关系。
华盛本在中国的合作院校包括浙江师范大学、上海师范大学、浙江教育学院、义乌工商学院、武汉科技大学、厦门大学公共事务学院、天津音乐学院、南开大学周恩来政府学院、南开大学经济学院、同济大学经济管理学院。
华盛本男子篮球队于2006年前往中国访问并与浙江师范大学、浙江大学以及上海师范大学友谊比赛。
华盛本军乐队于2007在北京师范大学、清华大学、天津大学、天津师范大学、天津音乐学院以及上海师范大学访问演出，获得好评。
华盛本大学国际部网址为/iip部分中国留学生、交流生感言“在华盛本大学交换学习的一年, 我才真正经历了成长. Topeka广阔的平原和草地赋予了我更宽广的胸怀.学生和当地居民的热情与帮助让我体会到了爱和温暖.教授耐心的指导和出色的讲学带我步入了学术的殿堂.校园活动和竞赛让我更加了解自己也更加勇敢.我相信,选择华盛本, 你会和我一样学会热爱学习,热爱生活.” (洪淼: 广州外国大学研究生, E-mail: zjjhhm@ 2007-2008年赴美国华盛本大学首届交换生.)“树荫夹道行，松鼠傍地走。
《创业学》(杰弗里·蒂蒙斯,小斯蒂芬·斯皮内利著)-详解
《创业学》(杰弗里·蒂蒙斯,小斯蒂芬·斯皮内利著)-名词详解创业学（第六版）——世界第一本创业学著作•作者：（美）杰弗里·蒂蒙斯，小斯蒂芬·斯皮内利著，周伟民，吕长春译•出版社：人民邮电出版社•出版时间：2005-7-1•ISBN：9787115138767•页数：415目录• 1 内容简介• 2 作者简介• 3 目录内容简介杰弗里·蒂蒙斯的《创业学》第1版自1977年由美国的欧文出版公司首次出版以来，在近30年时间里一直成为美国乃至世界创业教育的框架和标准，是创业管理领域公认的权威品牌书。
美国哈佛商学院、斯坦福大学、杜克大学等近千所高校和培训机构使用本书作为创业学课程的核心教材。
多年来在同类书中，蒂蒙斯的《创业学》一直占有绝对领先的市场份额。
2002年，这部煌煌巨著的第5版曾（19990）年曾拆分为5部，以《蒂蒙斯创业学译丛》的形式翻译成中文出版。
清华大学、中欧国际工商学院、南开大学等国内一流商学院选用本书作为创业学课程教材。
英文原版《创业学》第6版（2004）对前5版精华内容进行了再提炼，加之创业管理领域重量级人物斯皮内利教授作为第二作者的加盟，为本书增添了新鲜血液，内容有较大幅度的更新和补充。
本次中译本也增加了一位具有丰富创业和企业管理实践经验的新译者，两位译者似心翻译，译文也更加准确、流畅。
为方便教学和读者阅读与购买，中译本出版者在听取专家建议的基础上，将此巨著拆分为《创业学》和《创业学案例》两部分别出版。
作者简介杰弗里·蒂蒙斯教授毕业于哈佛商学院，获得MBA和DBA(工商管理博士)学位。
他拥有百森商学院“FRANKLINW·OLIN创业学杰出教授”的头衔，同时是普莱兹-百森商学院师资项目的主管，该项目为全世界创业管理课程的教师提供培训。
从20世纪60年代后期开始，杰弗里·蒂蒙斯教授就一直是美国创业学教育和研究的领袖人物之一。
B3U3-第5课时-developing idea
post reading
2. Franklin, along with ma并n列y o主th语er、s插cie入n语tists,
宾语从句
has inspired us and taught us that scientific
experiments are important in order to
Before reading
Game Time!
Facts VS Fiction
1. An egg can bear at least 10kg.
2. Watt invented the steam engine inspired by the jumping lid of a boiling kettle.
当连接两个主语时，
establish the truth and to谓co语n动tr词ibu单te复t数ow应ards later scientific discoverie与s a前nd面i主nv语en一ti致on。s.
a①富loJ兰nimg克w, ai林tlohn和g 许wit多h h其is他cla科ssm学a家tes一, h起as 启see发n t并he告 f诉ilm我. 们，科学实验对于确立真理和为后来 ②的M科y学fa发the现r, 和alo发ng明wi做th出I, i贡s a献ba是se很-ba重ll 要fan的. 。
Material Procedure
A kite with a string and a metal key
First, Franklin flew a kite with a string and a metal key. Then, when a flash of lightning hit the kite, electricity was conducted through the string to the key. Finally, touching the key, Franklin got an electric shock.
创新大学英语3综合教程(华东师范大学出版社)第三单元单词
adj.
having a great influence or effect深远的，长久的
individually
adv.
separately, not together in a group个别地
Proper Names
Webster's Concise Dictionary
wear off
to decrease, or even disappear, gradually逐渐减少（消失）
evaluate
v.
to judge how good, useful, or successful sth. is评估（价）
phase
n.
one of the stages of a process of development or change阶段，时期
foster
vt.
to help a skill, feeling, idea, etc., develop over a period of time培养（育）
admit
v.
(~ to sth./to doing sth.) to agree, often unwillingly, that sth. is true承（供）认
intellectual
adj.
n.
relating to the ability to understand things and think intelligently智力的
an intelligent, well-educated person知识分子
concise
adj.
short, with no unnecessary words简洁（明）的
大学英语新课标新时代第三册unit2thefreedomgivers知识总结讲解学习
第三册Unit2 The freedom giversA208第二组Key Words:impose: 1) place a (penalty, tax, etc.) officially on sb./sth.e.g: The government has made a decision to impose a further tax on wines and spirits.The local government tried to impose fines on the factories which poureduntreated waste into the river.2) try to make sb. accept (an opinion or belief)e.g: I wouldn't want to impose my religious convictions on anyone.It may not be wise for parents to impose their own tastes on their children.Liberate: set from (used in the pattern: liberate sb./ sth. from)e.g. The central government authorized $200 billion to construct new dams to generate ch eap hydro-electric power. 他被授权发表下列声明He was authorized to issue the following statement. An authorized agent指定的代理人.Have authority over…对…有权利 By the authority of 蒙…的许可 An academic authority 学术权威 Authorities concerned有关当局exploit: 1)n. brave and adventurous deed or action(usu. pl)功绩，业绩e.g. The general‟s wartime exploits were later made into a film and a television series.My grandfather entertained us with stories of wartime exploits. vt. 1) to use (esp. a person) unfai rly for one‟s own profit 剥削e.g. The cruel boss exploited the poor by making them work for less pay.2) to use or develop (a thing) fully so as to get profite.g. to exploit the oil under the sea n. exploitationdisguise:1) give sb./ sth. a false appearance(used in the pattern: disguise sb./ sth. as…) 假扮，伪装e.g. Mulan disguised herself as a man so she could fight on the battlefield. Jack escaped acro ss the border disguised as a priest.2) hide (the real state of things) 伪装，掩饰，隐藏It is impossible to disguise the fact that the business is bad. 16. in the eyes of: in the opinio n of , in one‟s opinione.g. In the eyes of students, Richard is a sensible and reliable teacher.In the eye of my parents, I‟m still a young person although I am already in mythirties.peer: look closely or carefully , esp. as if unable to see well ( followed by at/through/ into, etc.)凝视，盯着看e.g. She peered through the mist, trying to find the right path. He peered at me over the t op of his glasses.He peered into his parents` room and found they were quarrelling.bid: say, wish ( bid----bid----bid bid----bad----bidden)说，致意e.g. He bad me good morning as he passed . 2) order or tell 命令，吩咐nakeda. having no clothing on the body；nude；having no covering，especially the usual one；being without addition，concealment，disguise，or embellishment裸体的；无遮盖的，赤裸裸的；直率的；露骨的【辨析】naked，bare，nuke都含“没有衣物或必需的遮蔽物的”、“赤裸”的意思。
拓展创新学程第三册 Unit 3 Our culture,our treasure
拓展创新学程第三册Unit 3Our culture，our treasure基础知识盘点Ⅰ.重点单词1．inscription n．(石头或金属上)刻写的文字，铭刻，碑文2．mainstream adj.主流的n．主流思想，主流群体3．script n．笔迹，手迹；(一种语言的)字母系统，字母表；剧本，电影剧本，广播(或讲话等)稿4．sphere n．范围，领域，阶层，界；球，球体，球形5．alphabet n．(一种语言的)字母表，全部字母6．porcelain n．瓷，瓷器7．teaching n．教导，学说，教诲；教学，授课，指导8．etiquette n．(社会或行业中的)礼节，礼仪，规矩9．norm n．(pl.)规范，行为标准；常态，正常行为；标准，定额，定量10．hands-on adj.动手的，实际操作的11．prime n．盛年，年富力强的时期，鼎盛时期adj.主要的，首要的，基本的；优质的，上乘的，优异的12．ritual n．程序，仪规，礼节；习惯，老规矩adj.仪式上的，庆典的；习惯的，老套的，例行公事的13．transcribe v t.用音标标音；记录，抄录，把……转成(另一种书写形式) 14．incorporate v t.将……包括在内，包含，吸收，使并入15．elaborate adj.复杂的，详尽的，精心制作的v i.& v t.详尽阐述，详细描述；详细制订，精心制作16．stunning adj.极有魅力的，绝妙的，给人以深刻印象的；令人惊奇万分的，令人震惊的17．complementary adj.互补的，补充的，相互补足的18．refine v t.改进，改善，使精练；精炼，提纯，去除杂质19．soar v i.急升，猛增；升空，升腾；高飞，翱翔；高耸，耸立20．compile v t.编写(书、列表、报告等)，编纂21．righteousness n．正义，公平合理；正直，公正，正当22．puppet n．玩偶，木偶；傀儡→puppetry n．木偶制作(或表演)艺术23．unify v t.统一，使成一体→unified adj.统一的24．phonetic adj.表示语音的；音标的→phonetically ad v.表示语音地，用音标地25．magnificent adj.壮丽的，宏伟的，值得赞扬的→magnificently ad v.壮丽地，宏伟地，壮观地→magnificence n．华丽，富丽堂皇26．dedicate v．致力于，献身于→dedicated adj.献身的；专心致志的；一心一意的→dedication n．献身，奉献；(建筑物等的)落成典礼；题献27．empire n．帝国；大企业，企业集团→emperor n．皇帝28．loyal adj.忠诚的，忠实的→loyally ad v.忠诚地；忠实地→loyalty n．忠实；忠诚29．convention n．习俗，常规，惯例；(从业者、政党成员等的)大会，集会；(国家或首脑间的)公约，协定，协议→conventional adj.依照惯例的；遵循习俗的；墨守成规的；传统的30．mutual adj.相互的，彼此的；共有的，共同的→mutually ad v.相互地；共同地Ⅱ.核心短语1．to this day直到如今，甚至现在2．on the spot当场，当下；在现场3．all in all从各方面考虑，总的说来4．pass down向下传递Ⅲ.经典句型1．Legend has it that...Legend has it that he saw animal tracks in the ground，and began drawing pictures of objects in nature，such as the moon，the sun and the trees.据传说他看到地上有动物的足迹，便开始画自然界的物体，如月亮、太阳和树木。
创业学ENTREPRENEURSHIP
创业的涵义
创业的定义 创业的基本要素 创业过程 创业的类型
创业的定义一
“君子创业垂统，为可继也。”——《孟子·惠 王下》
“先帝创业未半，而中道崩殂”——诸葛亮 《出师表》
开创基业——《辞海》 开创事业——《新华字典》
创业的定义二
霍华德·H ·斯蒂文森（Howard H ·Stevenson）： Entrepreneurship is the pursuit of opportunity without regard to resources currently controlled. 创业（是一种管理方式），即对机会的追逐，与当时 控制的资源无关。（创业可由以下六个方面的企业经 营管理活动来理解：发现机会、战略导向、致力于机 会、资源配置过程、资源控制、管理和回报）狭义 （空手套白狼）
创业就是创立一家前所未有的新企业，“创”和“立”。（《创 业》，甘华鸣）
创业就是一个发现和捕捉机会并由此创造出新颖产品或服务和实 现其潜在价值的过程。（《创业学概论》，浙江大学出版社）
创业的定义四
创业就是用创业精神 创造你的未来。
创业的基本要素一
创业者：置身创业过程核心的个人或团队（创 业主体）。 “我更喜欢拥有二流创意的一流创业者和团 队．．．”（美国风险投资家，“风险投资之 父” 乔治·多里特（George Doriot）） “如果你选择了优秀的人，他们总是能够改变 产品，几乎我犯的每件错误都是选错了人，而 不是选错了创意．．．（美国风险投资家阿 瑟·洛克（Arther Lock））
Knowledge Economy（Knowledge Based Economy）： 建立在知识和信息的生产、分配和使用上的经济，是 以知识为基础的经济形态，是“以知识为主导的经 济。”
创新大学英语3综合教程(华东师范大学出版社)第二单元单词
to pay careful attention to sth.注（留）意
motivator
n.
sth. or sb. that makes you want to do or achieve sth.激励者（物），激发因素
surrounding
adj.
n.
near or around a particular plaFra biblioteke周围的，四周的
repossess
vt.
to take back cars, furniture, or property from people who cannot pay for them as they had arranged收回，复得
livelihood
n.
the way you earn money in order to live生计（活）
fraternity
n.
a club at an American college or university that has only male members男生联谊会
janitor
n.
sb. who looks after a school or other large building看门人，房屋管理员
inherit
vt.
to derive (a quality or characteristic) genetically from one's ancestors遗传；to receive money, property，etc. from sb. after they have died继承
moreover
currently
会计学原理23版 英文练习WildFAP23eCh01EPPT
a. At the beginning of the year, Addison Company’s assets are $600,000 and its equity is $150,000. During the year, assets increase $90,000 and liabilities increase $40,000. What is the equity at the end of the year?
Assets
= Liabilities +
Equity
a.
$65,000 =
$20,000 +
$45,000
b.
100,000 =
34,000 +
66,000
c.
154,000 =
114,000 +
40,000
Exercise 1-8 page 34
Determine the missing amount from each of the separate situations given below.
Net al Assets
=
÷
$250,000
=
Return on Assets 16.0%
Average Total Assets $200,000 + $300,000 = $250,000
2
Return on assets is useful in evaluating management, analyzing and forecasting profits, and planning activities. Return on assets (ROA), also called return on investment (ROI ).
创新大学英语3综合教程(华东师范大学出版社)第七单元单词
创新大学英语3综合教程（华东师范大学出版社）第七单元单词global delighted entrust talented promising in store for (sb./sth.) fabulous distinguished faculty adj. adj. vt. adj. adj. adj. adj. n. affecting or including the whole world 全球的，全世界的very pleased and happy 欣喜的，高兴的(~ sb./sth. to sb.) to make sb. responsible for doing sth. important, or for taking care of sb. 委托，托付having a natural ability to do sth. well 有才能的，有天赋的showing signs of being successful or good in the future; hopeful 有希望的，有前途的coming in the future; about to happen 必将到来；快要发生；having a supply of sth. that you keep to use later 储藏着；准备着very large in amount or size 巨大的；extremely good or impressive 极好的，绝妙的successful,respected, and admired 卓越的，杰出的all the teachers in a university 全体教员；a department or group of related departments within a university 院，系the profession of reporting, photographing, or editing news stories for one of the media 新闻业；新闻工作sb. whose job is to help, advise and support people with problems 指导老师；顾问the style and design of a building or buildings 建筑风格；the art and science of designing and constructing buildings 建筑学exciting and encouraging you to do or feel sth. 鼓舞人心的，令人振奋的when you are dealing with sth. or talking about sth. 当提到……，谈到…… to spend time or use energy working or practicing sth. 花费，付出any activity to which one gives one’s time, whether as work or for pleasure 工作，消遣；the act of looking for or trying to find sth. 追求(~ to sth.) increasing or decreasing in size, amount ordegree according to changes in sth. else 成比例的，journalism counselor architecture n. n. n. inspiring when it comes to sth./doing sth. put in pursuit adj. n. proportionate adj. 相称的curricular extracurricular by accident believe it or not tuition board precede foot glorious shower abundance immensely capacity adj. adj.n. n. v. vt. adj. vt. n. adv. n. of or relating to an academic course of study 课程的outside, or not related to, the regular course of work in a school or college 课外的in a way that is not planned or intended 偶然地，意外地used when you are saying sth. that is true but surprising 信不信你the money you pay for being taught 学费(cost of) daily meals 膳食to come, exist, or occur before in time 在……之前，先于to be responsible for paying the cost of sth. 付帐，支付having or deserving great fame, praise, and honor 光荣的，辉煌的(~ sb.with sth.) to send or give sth. to sb. in great quantity 大量地给予 a large quantity of sth. 大量，充足vastly, very much 非常地，特别地sb.’s ability to do sth. 能力，才能；the number of things or people that a container or space can hold 容量sb. you share rooms with 室友door, gate or passage where you enter a building 入口；act of coming or going in 进入 a feeling or condition of being safe 安全，保障continues to exist or happen for a long time 持续的to damage or harm sb. or sth. 打击behaving in a polite sensible way 文明的，开化的(~ to do sth.) to make a definite decision to do sth. 决心；(~ sth.) to find a satisfactory way of dealing with a problem or difficulty 解决suitemate entry security persistent strike at civilized resolve n. n. n. adj. vt. adj. v. biodiversity alarming no less... than... representation diverse sociology take time to do sth. reflect on to the point of...fluency preferably inevitable given enormous steward n. adj. n. adj. n. n. adv. adj. the variety of plants and animals in a particular place 生物多样性making you feel worried or frightened 使人惊恐的，令人惊慌的just as... as... 与……一样……，不比……差the act, or an instance, of representing or being represented 代表very different from each other and of various kinds 不同的，多种多样的the study of society or of the way society is organized 社会学to spend time doing sth. 花时间做某事to think carefully about sth., or to say sth. that you have been thinking about 仔细考虑，反思to the extent or level of... 到……的程度the ability to speak a language very well 流利used to show a person, thing, place, idea, etc., that you think would be the best choice 更好地，更可取地certain to happen and impossible to avoid 不可避免的，必然发生的prep.taking sth. into account 考虑到adj. n. very big in size or in amount, huge 巨大的sb. employed to manage another’s property 负责人，管理者；sb. whose job is to serve food and drinks to passengers on a plane or ship 乘务员related and affected by or caused by the other 相互关联的；相互联系的to exist at the same time or in the same place, especially in a peaceful way 共存depending on or necessary to each other 相互依赖地extremely large or great 巨大的sth. of the same type that has happened or existed before 先例new, in the sense that nothing of the kind has happened before 没有先例interconnected coexist interdependently immense precedent without precedent adj. vi. adv. adj. n. Proper Names Yale College New Haven 耶鲁大学纽黑文市。
拓展创新学程第三册 Unit 2 Thinking out of the box
拓展创新学程第三册Unit 2Thinking out of the box基础知识盘点Ⅰ.重点单词1．beam n．光线，(电波的)波束，(粒子的)束；梁；平衡木2．paradox n．似非而是的隽语，悖论，悖论修辞；矛盾的人(或事物、情况)3．spark v t.引发，触发4．curve n．曲线，弧线，曲面，弯曲5．stock v t.贮备，贮存(食物、书籍等)；存货n．(商店的)现货，存货，库存；储备物，备用物，供应物6．bin n．(有盖)大容器，箱，柜；垃圾箱7．laser n．激光器8．craft n．手艺，工艺；技巧，技能，技艺；诡计，手腕，骗术9．mindset n．观念模式，思维倾向10．entrepreneur n．创业者，企业家11．lens n．透镜，镜片；(眼球的)晶状体12．spectacle n．(pl.)眼镜；精彩的表演，壮观的场面；壮观的景象13．magnify v t.放大；扩大，增强14．frame n．眼镜框；框架；构架，支架，骨架；体形，身材15．anonymous adj.不知姓名的，名字不公开的；匿名的，不具名的16．accessory n．(衣服的)配饰；附件，配件，附属物17．thread n．(棉、毛、丝等的)线；线索，脉络，思路，贯穿的主线v t.穿成串，串在一起；穿(针)，纫(针)，穿过18．loop v t.使成环，使绕成圈n．环形，环状物，圆圈19．counterbalance v t.抗衡，抵消，对……起平衡作用20．perch v i.置于(顶上或边上)；栖息，停留21．pinch v t.捏住，夹紧；拧，捏，掐22．clip v i.& v t.夹住，别住，被夹住n．(金属或塑料的)夹子，回形针；首饰别针23．stem n．(葡萄酒杯、花瓶等的)颈，柄，脚24．clamp v i.紧紧抓住，紧夹住25．engrave v t.在……上雕刻(字或图案)26．literacy n．读写能力27．trace v t.追溯，追究；查出，找到，发现，追踪；描绘(事物的过程或发展)，追述，记述n．痕迹，遗迹，踪迹；微量，少许28．disassemble v t.& v i.拆卸，拆开29．hypothetical adj.假设的，假定的→hypothesis(pl.hypotheses) n．(有少量事实依据但未被证实的)假说，假设；(凭空的)猜想，猜测30．intuition n．直觉→intuitive adj.凭直觉得到的，直觉的；有直觉力的31．disprove v t.证明……是错误(或虚假)的→(反) prove v．证明；证实；原来是32．unease n．不安；忧虑→uneasy adj.不安的；令人不安的；担心的→uneasily ad v.不稳定地，靠不住地，不确定地；不安地33．marvel n．令人惊异的人(或事)，奇迹→marvellous adj.令人惊奇的，奇特的，非凡的；奇迹般的34．controversy n．(公开的)争论，争议，论战→controversial adj.引起争论的；有争议的Ⅱ.核心短语1．eager beaver干活特别卖力的人，对工作极有热忱的人2．from scratch从头开始，从零开始3．catch on受欢迎，流行起来，变得时髦4．at rest静止，不动；安息，长眠5．in essence本质上，大体上，其实Ⅲ.经典句型1．as引导的非限制性定语从句This intuitive thinking later played an important role in the development of his special theory of relativity，as Einstein acknowledged in his 1949 Autobiographical Notes.正如爱因斯坦在1949年的《自传笔记》中承认的那样，这种直觉思维后来在他的狭义相对论的发展中发挥了重要作用。
大学生创业基础 英语教材
大学生创业基础英语教材大学生创业基础Entrepreneurship Foundation for College StudentsIntroductionIn recent years, there has been a growing trend of college students venturing into entrepreneurship. This article aims to provide a comprehensive guide on the foundation of entrepreneurship for college students. Armed with the right knowledge and skills, these young minds can pave their path to success in the business world.Understanding EntrepreneurshipEntrepreneurship refers to the process of identifying, creating, and pursuing opportunities to start a business venture. It involves taking risks, managing resources, and developing innovative ideas to solve problems and meet market demands. College students embarking on this journey must understand the key principles of entrepreneurship.1. Identifying OpportunitiesThe first step in entrepreneurship is to identify potential opportunities in the market. College students should explore various industries, conduct market research, and analyze consumer needs. Through observation and critical thinking, they can spot gaps in the market and develop ideas that cater to these unfulfilled demands.2. Developing a Business PlanA well-structured business plan is crucial for aspiring entrepreneurs. It serves as a blueprint for their venture, outlining the mission, vision, target market, competition, marketing strategies, and financial projections. College students should undertake market research, define their unique selling proposition, and create a viable plan to attract investors and customers.3. Acquiring Necessary SkillsSuccessful entrepreneurship requires a diverse range of skills. College students should focus on honing their communication, negotiation, leadership, and problem-solving abilities. They should also develop a strong work ethic, adaptability, and resilience to overcome challenges that arise along their entrepreneurial journey.4. Building a NetworkNetworking plays a vital role in entrepreneurship. College students should actively engage with their peers, professors, industry professionals, and potential investors. Attending conferences, workshops, and business events can provide valuable connections and mentorship opportunities. Collaborating with like-minded individuals can stimulate new ideas and lead to fruitful partnerships.5. Financial ManagementSound financial management is essential for any business venture. College students should familiarize themselves with basic accounting principles, budgeting, and cash flow management. They should learn to analyze financial statements and make strategic decisions based on financialdata. Seeking guidance from professionals or taking relevant courses can strengthen their financial skills.6. Embracing Failure and Learning from itEntrepreneurship is filled with setbacks and failures. College students must cultivate a growth mindset and view failures as learning experiences. They should be open to feedback, adapt their strategies, and continuously improve their products or services. By embracing failure and learning from mistakes, they can grow both personally and professionally.ConclusionThe foundation of entrepreneurship for college students lies in understanding the core principles, developing essential skills, and building a robust network. With the right mindset and knowledge, these aspiring entrepreneurs can defy challenges and turn their innovative ideas into successful ventures. By nurturing their entrepreneurial spirit, college students contribute to the growth and development of their communities and inspire future generations.。
创新大学英语3综合教程(华东师范大学出版社)第四单元单词
n.
a small animal or insect that destroys crops or food supplies害虫
virus
n.
a very small living thing that causes infectious illnesses病毒
harvest
vt.
n.
to gather crops from the fields收割（庄稼）
the crops that have been gathered收成，丰收物
for all
(~ that) in spite of尽管，虽然
far from
very different from being; not at all远非，一点也不
distribution
n.
the dispersal of goods, food, etc., among consumers brought about by commerce分销，配送；the act of sharing things among a large group of people in a planned way分配
undernourished
adj.
unhealthy and weak because you have not had enough food or the right type of food营养不良的
devastating
adj.
badlydamaging or destroyingsth.破坏（毁灭）性的
adj.
not given enough food to eat没有吃饱的
disturbing
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The Five Competitive Forces
Threat of new Entrants
Threat of Suppliers
Rivalry Among Exi来自ting FirmsThreat of Buyers
Threat of Substitutes
Rivalry Among Existing Firms
Position
The importance of knowing the competitive landscape Position at the company level – how the company is situated relative to its competitors. Well positioned a company can do well in an unattractive industry Find an attractive market niche and nicely position in the market The importance of knowing the competitive landscape Sun-tzu (4th Century B.C.) – Chinese philosopher We are not fit to lead an army on the march unless we are familiar with the face of the country – its pitfalls and precipices, its marshes and swamps. (The Art of War)
Differentiation (of substitutes)
Switching costs
Pattern of usage
Bargaining Power of Suppliers
Supplier concentration
Switching costs
Attractiveness of the supplier alternative
Industry Analysis
Studying Industry Trends Environmental Trends Examples: Aging population Rising income Higher (shipping) costs Recession
Business Trends Examples: Outsourcing Move business online Wireless opportunities
Buyer group concentration
Buyer’s costs
Degree of standardization of supplier’s products
Threat of backward integration
Threat of Substitutes
Ease of substitution
The Value of the Five Forces Model
The model answers questions such as:
Is the industry a realistic place for the new venture to enter? If we enter the industry, can our firm do a better job than the industry as a whole in avoiding or diminishing the impact of forces that suppress industry profitability? Is there a unique position in the industry that avoids (or diminishes) the forces that suppress industry profitability? Is there a superior business model that can be put in place that would be hard for the industry incumbents to replicate?
Number and balance of competitors (price-cutting)
Degree of difference between the products
Growth rate of the industry
Level of fixed costs
Bargaining Power of Buyers
Threat of forward integration
Threat of New Entrants
Economies of scale
Capital requirements
Government and legal barriers
Access to distribution channels
Identifying Competitors:
Direct Competitors Indirect Competitors Future Competitors
Sources of Competitive Intelligence
Competitive Analysis Grid
Industry and Competitor Analysis
Industry Analysis
Business research that focuses on the potential of an industry. Industry = group of firms that produce a similar product or service Questions: Is the industry accessible? Does the industry contain markets that are ripe for innovation or are underserved? Are there positions in the industry that will avoid some of the negative attributes of the industry as a whole?
Industry Types and the Opportunities They Offer
Emerging Industry
Fragmented Industry
Mature Industry
Declining Industry
Global Industry
Competitor Analysis