(完整版)unit3Recycling翻译
2020新上教版高一英语新教材必修一课文翻译(英汉对照)
Unit 1 Our worldLife in a dayWhat do you love? What do you fear? What’s in your pocket? These are the questions from the film Life in a Day. Director Kevin Macdonald asked people around the world to answer the questions and send in a video clip from a typical day. He was interested in creating a picture of the world, a digital time capsule for the future. On 24 July 2010, people from Africa, Europe, America, Antarctica and Asia recorded events on their mobile phones and digital cameras and uploaded them onto the Internet. In all there were 81,000 video clips. It took Macdonald and a team of researchers seven weeks to make them into a film.你喜欢什么?你害怕什么?在你的口袋里是什么?这些问题来自电影《一天的生活》。
导演凯文·麦克唐纳要求世界各地的人们回答这些问题，并发送一条有代表性一天的视频片段。
他对创造一幅世界图景感兴趣，一个未来的数字时间胶囊。
2010年7月24日，来自非洲、欧洲、美洲、南极洲和亚洲的人们用手机和数码相机记录下日常琐事并上传到互联网上。
课文 Unit3讲解
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motivate EX. 6 (3)
As the nation’s leading producer of PSAs, the Ad Council has created more than 1 000 public service campaigns concerning critical issues such as crime prevention and drug abuse, and has brought issues such as child abuse, recycling and AIDS to national attent广ion告. In委1员99会5, t的o m董a事xim会ize the impact of all of the campaigns, the Ad Council’s Board of Directors voted unanimously to adopt a new, ten-year initiative to help Americans who 承ca诺n’2t 00sp0eak for themselves — our children. Dubbed “Commitment 2000,” its objective is to raise awareness and stimulate individuals to take positive action, so that our nation’s children will have a better chance of achieving their full potential. [para. 9]
concerning adopt EX. 6(4)(5)
advertisements (PSAs) in 1942, the Ad Council has played
学术英语理工第二版unit3课文原文
学术英语理工第二版unit3课文原文全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Hello everybody, today I'm going to read you a story from our academic English textbook, unit 3. It's called "The Importance of Recycling". Let's get started!In our world, there are many things that we use every day, like paper, plastic, and glass. But do you know what happens to these things after we throw them away? That's where recycling comes in! Recycling is when we take used materials and turn them into new things. It's like giving old things a second chance to be useful again.Recycling is important for many reasons. One reason is that it helps to protect the environment. When we recycle, we save energy and reduce pollution. This means that we can help to keep our air and water clean for plants, animals, and humans.Another reason why recycling is important is that it helps to save natural resources. By reusing materials like paper and metal, we can prevent the need to cut down more trees or mine moreminerals from the earth. This is good for our planet because it helps to preserve our resources for future generations.So, next time you're done with a piece of paper or a plastic bottle, remember to put it in the recycling bin instead of the trash. By doing this simple act, you can help to make a big difference in the world. Let's all do our part to protect the environment and save our planet!I hope you enjoyed the story and learned something new about recycling. Remember, small actions can make a big impact. Thanks for listening!篇2Hi everyone, today I'm going to share with you the text from Unit 3 of the Academic English for Science and Engineering textbook.The text talks about a scientist named Marie Curie. She was a really smart lady who discovered two new elements called radium and polonium. Can you believe that? She won two Nobel Prizes for her amazing work in chemistry and physics. Wow, what a superstar!Marie Curie faced a lot of challenges in her life, but she never gave up. She was determined to keep learning and exploring the world of science. She even set up a research institute to help other scientists study radiation. She was definitely a role model for all of us.In the text, it also talks about the dangers of working with radiation. Marie Curie was exposed to radiation for many years, and unfortunately, it made her really sick. That's why it's so important for scientists to be careful when they're working with dangerous materials.I think Marie Curie's story is really inspiring. She showed us that with hard work and determination, we can achieve amazing things. I hope we can all learn from her example and never stop pursuing our dreams.So that's the text from Unit 3. I hope you enjoyed it! Let's all be like Marie Curie and keep pushing ourselves to reach new heights in our studies. See you next time! Bye!篇3Unit 3 Lesson 1: What Are Animals Like?Hey guys! Today we're gonna learn about animals in Unit 3 of our Science class! Animals are super cool, right? They come in all shapes and sizes, and live in different places. Let's dive into the world of animals and explore what they are like!First, we have mammals. Mammals are animals that have hair or fur on their bodies. They also give birth to live babies and feed them with milk. Examples of mammals are dogs, cats, and monkeys. They are so cute and fluffy!Next up, we have birds. Birds have feathers, beaks, and lay eggs. They also have wings that help them fly in the sky. Birds come in all colors and sizes, from tiny hummingbirds to big, majestic eagles. It's amazing to see them soar through the air!Then, we have reptiles. Reptiles are animals that have scales, and some of them have shells or plates. They lay eggs on land and most of them are cold-blooded, which means their body temperature changes with their environment. Examples of reptiles are snakes, turtles, and crocodiles. They might look scary, but they're actually pretty cool!After that, we have amphibians. Amphibians are animals that live both on land and in water. They have moist skin and most of them lay eggs in water. Frogs and salamanders are examples of amphibians. They can jump really high and swim super fast!Last but not least, we have fish. Fish have fins, scales, and gills that help them breathe underwater. They come in all kinds of shapes, colors, and sizes. From tiny goldfish to giant whales, fish are truly fascinating creatures of the sea.Wow, learning about animals is so much fun, right? They have different features and behaviors that make them unique. So next time you see an animal, take a moment to appreciate how amazing they are! Keep exploring the world of animals, and let's continue to learn and grow together. Stay curious and keep on shining bright like the stars! See you next time, bye!篇4Hello everyone, today I'm going to share with you the text from Unit 3 of the book "Academic English for Science and Engineering Second Edition". Let's get started!The text is all about renewable energy, which is super important for the environment. It talks about different types of renewable energy like wind power, solar power, and hydropower. These are all sources of clean energy that don't harm the planet like fossil fuels do.Did you know that wind power is created by wind turbines? They look like big fans and they spin around to generateelectricity. Solar power comes from the sun, which is pretty cool. And hydropower is made from water flowing through dams to create energy.Renewable energy is great because it's sustainable, which means we can keep using it without running out. Plus, it helps to reduce pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, which is awin-win for the planet!I hope you learned something new from this text. Let's all do our part to support renewable energy and take care of our Earth. Thanks for listening!篇5Unit 3 Our EarthHi everyone, today let's learn about our Earth! Our Earth is a super cool place filled with all kinds of amazing things. It's the planet we live on, and we need to take care of it.First, let's talk about the Earth's crust. The Earth's crust is like the outer skin of our planet. It's made up of different layers and it's super tough. Sometimes the Earth's crust moves around, causing earthquakes and volcanoes. It's important to be prepared for these natural disasters.Next, let's talk about the Earth's atmosphere. The Earth's atmosphere is the air around us. It's made up of different gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide. Plants need carbon dioxide to photosynthesize and give us oxygen to breathe. So, it's really important to take care of our plants and trees.Now, let's talk about the Earth's water. The Earth has lots of water in the oceans, rivers, lakes, and even in the air as clouds. Water is super important for all living things, like plants and animals. We should all try to save water and not waste it.Last but not least, let's talk about the Earth's resources. The Earth gives us so many resources like minerals, metals, and fossil fuels. It's important to use these resources wisely and not waste them. We should also try to find renewable sources of energy, like solar and wind power.In conclusion, our Earth is an amazing place that we need to take care of. Let's all do our part to protect our planet and make it a better place for future generations. Remember, we only have one Earth, so let's cherish it and keep it clean and healthy. Thank you for listening!篇6Unit 3Hello everyone, today we are going to learn about a new unit in our Science and Technology textbook. In this unit, we will explore the topic of the Earth's atmosphere and weather.The atmosphere is like a big blanket that surrounds the Earth. It is made up of different gases like nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. These gases are important because they help to keep the Earth warm and protect us from harmful rays from the sun.Have you ever wondered why it rains or snows? Well, it's all because of the weather! The weather is made up of different factors like temperature, humidity, and air pressure. When these factors change, it can cause different types of weather like rain, wind, or snow.Do you know what a thermometer is used for? It's a tool that measures the temperature of the air. Scientists use thermometers to help them study the weather and predict what it will be like in the future.Another important tool that scientists use is a barometer. This measures the air pressure, which can tell us if a storm is coming or if the weather will be clear and sunny.So, the next time you look up at the sky, remember that there is a lot happening in the atmosphere above us. By learningabout the Earth's atmosphere and weather, we can better understand the world around us. Isn't that cool? Let's keep exploring and learning more about science and technology!篇7Hello everyone! Today, I'm going to share with you the text from the book "Academic English for Science and Engineering Second Edition Unit 3". It's all about different kinds of energy and how they are used in our daily lives. Let's get started!The first type of energy we will talk about is mechanical energy. Mechanical energy is the energy that an object has because of its motion or position. For example, when you kick a soccer ball, the energy from your leg is transferred to the ball, causing it to move. It's like magic, but it's actually science!Next up is thermal energy. Thermal energy is the energy that comes from heat. When you cook food on the stove, the heat is transferred from the stove to the food, making it hot and yummy. Without thermal energy, we wouldn't be able to cook our favorite meals or stay warm in the winter.Now, let's talk about electrical energy. Electrical energy is the energy that comes from the flow of electrons. It powers ourphones, computers, and lights. Can you imagine a world without electricity? It would be so boring and dark!Last but not least, we have chemical energy. Chemical energy is the energy stored in the bonds between atoms and molecules. When you eat food, your body breaks down the chemical bonds to release energy, which gives you the energy to run and play.So, there you have it! Different types of energy that make our world go round. Remember, energy is all around us and it's up to us to use it wisely. Thanks for listening, and I hope you learned something new today!篇8Unit 3 Lesson 1: Living ThingsHey there! Today we are going to learn all about living things. Living things are everywhere around us. Plants, animals, and even you and me are all living things!Plants are living things that make their own food through a process called photosynthesis. They use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to make their own food. Plants also help us breathe by releasing oxygen into the air.Animals are another type of living thing. They need to eat food to survive. Some animals eat plants, some animals eat other animals, and some eat both! Animals also move around and grow, just like us.Humans are also living things. We need to eat, drink, breathe, and sleep to stay healthy. We have different organs in our bodies that help us do these things. Our heart pumps blood, our lungs help us breathe, and our brain helps us think and learn.There are so many different living things in the world, big and small. Some live on land, some live in the water, and some even fly in the sky! Living things come in all shapes, sizes, and colors.So, next time you see a plant, an animal, or even yourself in the mirror, remember that we are all living things. Let's take care of each other and the environment around us. Happy learning!篇9Unit 3 SharingHello everyone! Today, we are going to learn about sharing. Sharing is a very important thing to do because it makes otherpeople happy. When you share with others, you are being kind and thoughtful.Sharing can be done in many ways. You can share your toys with your friends, share your snacks with your classmates, or share your ideas with your family. By sharing, you are showing that you care about others and that you are willing to help them.When you share, you are also learning how to cooperate and work together. Sharing helps build strong relationships and friendships. It also teaches you to be generous and considerate.In school, we share things all the time. We share our pencils and erasers with our classmates. We share our books and papers with our friends. We also share our knowledge and ideas with our teachers and classmates.Sharing is not just about giving things away. It is also about listening and being open to other people's ideas. When you share, you are creating a positive and supportive environment.So, let's remember to share with others and show them kindness and respect. Let's work together and make the world a better place for everyone. Share the love and spread happiness! Thank you for listening and remember, sharing is caring!篇10Unit 3 Our EnvironmentHi everyone, today we're going to learn about our environment! Our environment is super important because it's where we live and play every day. We want to keep our environment clean and healthy so that we can all be happy and safe.First, let's talk about air pollution. Air pollution is when there are dirty things in the air that can hurt our lungs and make us sick. Some things that cause air pollution are cars, factories, and even just burning things like trash. We can help reduce air pollution by walking or biking instead of driving, and by picking up trash so it doesn't get burned.Next, let's chat about water pollution. Water pollution happens when dirty things get into our rivers, lakes, and oceans. This can make the water unsafe for us to drink and for animals to live in. We can help prevent water pollution by not dumping chemicals down the drain and by picking up trash near water sources.Lastly, let's touch on land pollution. Land pollution is when we litter and leave trash on the ground instead of throwing it away properly. This can harm animals and plants that live in the environment. We can help stop land pollution by alwaysthrowing our trash in the trash cans and by recycling things like bottles and cans.Remember, it's super duper important to take care of our environment so that it stays clean and healthy for all of us. Let's work together to make our world a better place!。
(完整版)unit3Recycling翻译
Unit 3 垃圾回收垃圾回收是20世纪后期最成功的环境保护事例之一.如今,道路垃圾回收计划已经触及美国大多数人.事实上，回收家具垃圾的人比参加竞选投票的人更多。
全国范围内,普通群众们的努力带来了大量的物质材料。
垃圾回收，包括混合堆肥,在1996年改变了5700吨原来要进入废物填充地或焚烧炉的材料的命运，这一数据在1990年为3400万吨——仅仅6年增长了67%。
由垃圾回收和混合堆肥带来的材料处理的转换率,预计到2005年为8500万吨，即所有固体废物的35％.齐地推成一列，形成从地球到月亮的桥梁.在1996年，这些箱子可以达到这座桥的3/4。
当我们达到2005年35%的回收目标时，填满可回收物的箱子就能达到月球了。
垃圾回收值得这所有的努力吗？创造利润是唯一的底线吗？一些观察员提出，眼下的利润是衡量成功的唯一标准。
这种观点只考虑一个单独的回收计划如何影响一个社区的全部垃圾管理费用，与之相比的是另一种选择，即将一切都送往废物填充地或焚烧炉造成的费用。
其他一些观察员建议使用更开阔的视角看待垃圾回收利用的费用和益处。
虽然大部分成功的垃圾回收计划经验不一，但是,包括很多具有高垃圾转化率的计划在内，都是经济上可行并确实创造了利润。
回收物品的市场不可避免地起伏不定.为了一定程度上防止垃圾回收计划受到市场严重摇摆不定的影响，垃圾回收计划的效率必须不断提高.在接下来的十年里，参与垃圾回收的社区的目标之一是,鉴定并复制传播决定成功的因素。
举国上下都在努力学习和采用最高效的垃圾回收计划所运用的办法，那么发现垃圾回收已经取得的很多经济和环境的好处就尤为重要。
很多好处可能在不细致的观察员看来不明显，或者因为市政的会计结算和税收特点难以理解,或者在城市和垃圾回收人员的合同的市场价格上没能反映出来。
比如，回收利用饮料容器节省的全部能源就没有包括在道路垃圾回收合同协商的价格中回收利用固体垃圾的好处同样适用于包括由自治地区管理的,如工业废弃物、建筑废墟、拆毁废墟和农业废弃物之类以及其他一系列垃圾的回收利用。
人教版高中英语必修3课文翻译
人教版高中英语必修3课文翻译(Reading 部分和Using language两部分)导读: 人教版高中英语必修3课文翻译（Reading部分和Usinglanguage两部, 人教版高中英语必修3课文翻译（Reading部分和Usinglanguage两部分）Unit1FestivalsaroundtheworldReading节日和庆典自古以来, 世界各地就有各种各样的节目和庆典。
大多数古老的节日总是庆祝严寒的结束, 春季的种植和秋天的收割。
有时, 在猎人捕获猎物后, 也举行庆祝活动。
在那个人教版高中英语必修3课文翻译（Reading部分和Using language两部分）Unit 1Festivals around the worldReading节日和庆典自古以来, 世界各地就有各种各样的节目和庆典。
大多数古老的节日总是庆祝严寒的结束, 春季的种植和秋天的收割。
有时, 在猎人捕获猎物后, 也举行庆祝活动。
在那个时代, 如果食物难以找到, 特别是在寒冷的冬月, 人们就会挨饿, 现在的节日有很多由来, 一些是宗教上的, 一些是季节性的, 一些是纪念特殊的人和事件的。
亡灵节些节目是为了纪念死者, 或使祖先得到满足, 因为祖先们有可能回到世上（给人们）提供帮助, 也有可能带来危害。
在日本盂兰盆节, 人们要扫墓、烧香, 以缅怀祖先。
人们还点起灯笼, 奏响乐曲, 因为他们一位这样做可以把祖先引到世上。
在墨西哥, 亡灵节是在月初。
在这个重要的节日里, 人们会吃制成颅骨形状的食物, 和装点有“骨头”的蛋糕。
他们向亡者祭献食物、鲜花和礼品。
西方的万圣节也源自人们古老的信念, 以为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。
万圣节如今成了孩子们的节目, 这天他们可以乔装打扮上邻居家要糖吃。
如果邻居什么糖也不给, 那么孩子们就可以捉弄他们了。
纪念名人的节目也有纪念名人的节目。
中国的端午节（龙舟节）, 是纪念古代著名诗人屈原的。
译林版初中八年级英语(下册)--课文翻译
译林版八年级下册英语课文翻译Unit7 Comic strip1. Eddie,more money is needed for charity. You have some pocket money left. Let's go and donate it.埃迪，慈善机构需要更多的钱。
你还剩下一些零花钱。
让我们去把它捐了吧。
2. Now? It's time for lunch.现在吗？到吃午饭的时间了。
3. Don't worry. We can have a big lunch after that.别担心。
捐钱之后我们可以吃一顿丰盛的午餐。
4. Hobo，let me have lunch first. I'm too weak to walk any further.霍波，让我先吃午饭吧。
我太虚弱，走不动了。
Come on，Eddie. We only have five kilometres left.加油，埃迪。
我们只剩下五千米了。
How charities help people慈善机构如何帮助人们The Class 1,Grade 8 students want to learn about international charities. They want to find out how these charities help people around the world.八年级一班的学生想了解关于国际慈善机构的一些情况。
他们想调查出这些慈善机构如何帮助世界各地的人们。
Task Write a report on the work of an international charity．任务写一篇关于一个国际慈善机构的工作的报道。
Welcome to the unitA 部分翻译Charities around the world世界各地的慈善机构Amy has collected some information about international charities. Help her match the logos with the charities. Write the correct names in the blanks.埃米已经搜集了一些有关国际慈善机构的信息。
科技英语课文句子翻译Unit1-10
Sentence TranslationUnit 1Text A1.However, the volume of business done on the Internet is growing rapidly, as people orderbooks and other products to make money transactions.但是，因特网上的交易数量急速增长，人们从网上购书和其他的产品，进行资金交易。
2.They use them to prowl the Internet, looking for ways to break into computers systems runby banks, telephone companies and even government departments.他们用电脑上网，寻找能够进入银行电脑系统、电话公司的电脑系统、甚至是政府的电脑系统的方式。
3.The first indication of a security breach may be when a customer discovers a fraudulentmoney transaction on a credit card account.当顾客发现信用卡的帐号上出现了来历不明的消费时，这可能就是安全受到了破坏的第一个标志。
4.The use of credit cards to buy things on the Internet converts the issue of Internet securityinto one of general security.用信用卡在网上购物使网络安全变成了大众所普遍关注的安全的一种5.Few people think twice about giving a credit card number over the phone and many areequally careless about what happens to the carbon copy when completing a transaction over the counter.很多人会在电话里随意报出自己的信用卡号码，同样地，也有很多人不留意交易完成后放在银行柜台上的副本。
2020译林版高中英语必修三课文翻译
UNIT 1 nature in the balanceLet us not, however, flatter ourselves overmuch on account of our human victories over nature. For each such victory nature takes its revenge on us. ——Friedrich Engels但是我们不要过分陶醉于我们人类对自然界的胜利。
对于每一次这样的胜利，自然界都对我们进行报复。
——弗里德里希·恩格斯Reading (P 2-3)The Amazon rainforest: a natural treasure 亚马逊雨林：自然宝藏Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals. This is the Amazon rainforest. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem.欢迎来到丛林，这是一片绿色的海洋，处处可闻各种动物的声音。
这里是亚马逊雨林。
作为世界上最大的雨林，它在维系地球生态系统的微妙平衡上扮演着举足轻重的角色。
The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. With an area of around 6 million square kilometres , the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found here.亚马逊雨林穿过包括巴西、秘鲁在内的八个国家，以及一块法国的海外领地，都位于南美洲大陆。
英语泛读2第三版翻译期末复习
Unit1 The Shadowland of DreamsSander打磨机Ordeal严酷考验cherish :keep fondly in mind 充满感情地怀有longing :earnest desire渴望prospect :chances of future success 前途superintendent :manager（大楼的）管理人manual :operated by hand 手工操作的siren塞壬(原指希腊神话中半人半鸟的女海妖,她以美妙歌声吸引水手并使船只触礁沉没)汽笛；诱人的，用手段引人随从自己的意见sacrifice牺牲Gobble up急切的抓住；消耗a freelance writer自由撰稿人Coast Guard 美国海岸警卫队down-home: reminiscent故乡；田园生活的stay the course持续到底Unit2 Critical Thinkingdysfunctional功能障碍的wherewithal资金herculean力大无比的egocentricity自我中心goo粘性物brittle脆弱的abdomen腹部arouse启发；〈古〉照耀inspire sb on a subject 使某人明白某问题Ascend上升；追溯/Descend：下来来源于+from起源于+on袭击+to把身份降至Unit 3 Recyclingmonotonous (mono- 单+tone调+-ous的)单调的;令人厌倦的Insignificant无意义的aid：insignificant talk废话insignificant person小人物costume 服装Scrap废料Sewage污水enrage [常用于被动式] 使人愤怒aid：be enraged at by sb's conduct因某人的行为而极为愤怒be enraged with sb.对某人勃然大怒Unit7 numbers and omensenculturation文化浸润auspicious 吉祥的ominous不吉的exclaim 惊叫antiquity古老initiation ceremony成人仪式Unit 8 Getting Enough Sleep? Dream Ondeprive剥夺lapse [læps] n. 丧失, 失效eyelid [‘ailid] n. 眼睑, 眼皮pupil [‗pju:pəl] n. 瞳孔mortgage抵押coin [kɔin] v. 创造array [ə‘rei] n. 展示biochemical [baiəu‘kemikəl] 生物化学的timepiece [‘taimpi:s] n. 时钟arousal [ə‘rauzəl] n. 觉醒fatigue [fə‘ti:ɡ] n. 疲劳precise [pri‘sais] 精确的regulate [‘reɡjuleit] vt.控制wane [wein] 减少alarming [ə‘lɑ:miŋ] 扰乱人心的vivacious [vi‗veiʃəs] 活泼的play-off n. 最后决赛strobe light n. 闪光灯go to great lengths to do sth竭尽全力Be / become cross with (对…)生气doze [dəuz] 打瞌睡doze off 打瞌睡Unit 9 Invented Wordsab-, 表示“相反，变坏，离去”等abnormal 反常的abuse 滥用bi-表示“两个，两”biweekly双周刊bilingual双语种的biannual一年两次的by-表示“在旁边，副的”byproduct副产品byroad辅路byway小道bypass旁路；忽略bywork副业co-表示“共同”，通常放在元音词根前Cooperation合作Coexist共存Coincide一致，符合，巧合Coordinate协调Correlate 关联，使相关fore-表示“前面，预先”forefather前人，祖先Forearm前臂forecast预报，预测foreshadow 预示，暗示Unit10 Nuclear Energyutility 工具；机构contaminant污染物millennia数千年algorithm演算tsunami海啸Unit 1requite =reward 报酬prospect=chances of future success 前景station=working岗位on the side=as a secondary occupation 副业;背地里well up=rise like water涌上aid: well off=rich/well built(健身)+person/well done(烤熟)+meat veteran=experienced老练的wilted=less than fresh枯萎的limelight=full daylight聚光灯，注目的中心exhilarating=delighting and exciting令人兴奋的corrode=rust腐蚀aid: rusty surface(锈蚀表面)/ rusty skill(生涩的技艺)/corrupt（灵魂的腐蚀=腐败）/salt of earth(…的精华)/worth one’s salt(称职)Unit2ethics=the study of moral issues伦理学：道德规范assess=evaluate评估overlapping=covering in part相互重叠aid：overcast(多云)/to go over board on sth(对…极端)/overcome（克服）/to take an overdoes(服药过量)/overdue(过期)+change（期待已久的改变）conceive=conceptualize设想;怀孕aid: conceive a child（从无到有，怀上一个孩子）/contend with（应付某人）/concept(概念)transcend=go beyond超越aid：transfusion(输血)/transplant[嫁接]/transvestite[异装癖] undermine=weaken逐渐削弱sanction=approve处罚；支持；批准orchestrate=coordinate使协调结合；精心安排encompass=include包括；完成intensify=increase强化aid: languid=weary无精打采的disparate=separate不同的tacit心照不宣的gaunt憔悴的aid：plump丰满的/chubby脸圆/obese肥胖legal=lawful合法的alacrity敏捷do sth with alacritybrief=short简洁的blame=censure责备incessant=ceaseless无休止的Unit3divert=sidetrack使转向aid：divert+ traffic/plane/resource/attentionstack=pile堆积aid：stack of +sthimpact=influences影响insulate=protect隔离casual=chance偶然的aid: off chance=hard机会不大demolition=destruction毁坏fad=fashion时尚discard=throw away丢弃garbage=trash垃圾viability=practicability可行性consistently=regularly有规律的hold down=restrain抑制Unit7chew out=shout out训斥take shape=come to be formed形成be held at bay=be kept away远离ascribe=attribute to归因于wary of=cautious of小心翼翼的stray from=wander away from偏离meticulous=careful小心谨慎的incline to=attract by趋向look-upon=regard注视assign=deliver分派implies=explain说明；暗示obsessed with=preoccupied with迷恋；全神贯注于homophone=a word pronounced like another word but with a different meaning or spelling同音异义词sprinkled=scattered撒…于…Unit8consequence=result结果prone to=likely to suffer易于tap=press逼迫；压perspective=view远景synchronize=cause…to occur at the same time同时发生sufficiently=adequately足够地apathetic=indifferent无动于衷的mortality=death rate死亡率impair=weaken削弱optimally=best possibly最佳的aptly=rightly适当地aid: be apt to (倾向于做)Unit9imitative=reproducing closely模仿地aid: to do an imitation of sb(模仿某人) pasteurized=purified净化astronaut=one engaged in space flight宇航员antibiotic=antibacterial抗生素linguist=those study the science of language语言学家chortle=gleeful chuckle哈哈大笑knockdown=overwhelming击倒Unit10generate=produce产生unleash=set free解开束缚equilibrium=balance平衡scaled-up=enlarged比例增大meter=measure测量dogged=ruined衰落；顽固的aid：go to the dogs 衰落liability=indebtedness亏欠saturated=wet浸透的adherent=believer拥护者repository=depository储藏室reversal=wavering逆转。
英语泛读教程unit3recycling
●减少废物，专家建议，尽量购买散装货，买散装水果和蔬菜，不买那些使用多 层塑料纸包装的物品，购买那些容易降解的物品
Well, recycling is a simple way that you, as a consumer,
can help out the environment, create a profitable market for recycled goods and help preserve natural resources from
TYPES of Glass Products can be recycled
•Beverage containers •Food Jars
Benefits of recycling of Recycling glass
✓Can be recycled over again and never lose its quality or quantity ✓Creates 20%less air pollution ✓Reduces water pollution by 50% ✓Saves energy to light a 100-watt light bulb ✓Reduces that amount of landfill space that is used
After recycled, can create…
✓Egg cartons ✓Paper towel ✓Tissue ✓Toilet paper ✓Newspaper ✓Phonebooks
The process of taking old glass products and turning them into new, reusable glass products. Recycling old glass uses 40% less energy than manufacturing it from new.
体验3翻译+lead in
UNIT1 Passage A1. 这场给人类带来巨大灾难的战争对这样一个诗人产生了什么影响呢？How did the war, which brought terrible disasters to mankind, impact on such a poet.2. 做母亲的有时候不能察觉她们所深爱的孩子们的过错，这样做的结果会使孩子们再次犯错．Mothers are sometimes blind to the faults of their beloved children which will cause the children to make the same mistake again.3. 作为一个在这个完全陌生国度的新移民，她总是感觉到孤立无援．As a new immigrant in this completely strange country she always felt isolated.4. 做事不先考虑常会导致失败，因此我们应该三思而后行Acting before thinking often results in failure, so we should think before we leap.5. 奢谈的时候已经过去了，我们必须积极行动起来保护我们的环境The time for talking is past, we must take a positive action to protect our environmentUNIT2 Passage A1. 记者敦促发言人就此次军事打击做出解释.The reporter pressed the spokesman to make explanation of this military attack.2. 他的竞选演讲未能使选民相信他就是参议员的合适人选.His election speech failed to convince the voters that he was the right person for the senator3. 尽管我承认有问题存在,但我并不认为这些问题不能解决.While I admit that there are problems, I do not think these problems can not be saved.4. 他在电视上的第一次辩论给观众留下了深刻的印象.His firth debate on TV made a deep impression on the audience5. 一切事物都是相互联系又相互作用的.All things are interrelated and interact with each other.UNIT3 Passage A1. 思想是通过语言来表达的.Thoughts are expressed by means of language.2. 我今年买的新书多得难以数清.I have bought so many new books this year that it is really difficult for me to keep count of them.3. 这位老太太确信,今天她儿子会回家来为她庆祝生日的.The old lady feels assured that her son will come back home today to celebrate her birthday.4. 他妈妈坚持说他每月的零用钱不能超过100元.His mother insisted that his pocket money should not exceed 100 yuan per month.5. 上个月我们买了一辆车,是用我的名字登记的.We bought a car cost last month which was registered under my name.UNIT4 Passage A1. 这支乐队二十世纪八十年代凭借那张专集一举成名。
8B各单元翻译整理
1.我买车已经八年了。 2.从上周到现在他一直借着这本书。 3.电影放映10分钟了。 4.游行结束有半个小时了。 5.他离开美国有三个月了。 6.他们来南京五天了。 7.他加入俱乐部四年了。 8.这条鱼死了有一些时间了。 9.这对年轻的夫妻结婚刚一年。 10.这个门关闭很长时间了。
1.你以前用过这个遥控器吗？ 2.这个电视节目很无聊， 让我们换台吧。
8B Unit 4翻译句子练习(一)
1. 你已经决定如何处理这些书了吗？ 2. 我对历史书籍感兴趣。 3. 我在业余时间喜欢阅读小说和戏剧。 4. 这个故事触动了我。 5. 我奋力前游，筋疲力尽。 6. 这个小人和我的小指一样大。 7. 他们继续在我身上走动。 8. 我也不知道说什么。 9. 最后我设法挣脱了绳索。 10. 我看到了一大群小人。
with • the swimming coach. • 9. I think the Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing • will be a great success. • 10. You cannot expect to learn a foreign
language • in a few/several months.
1. 活到老，学到老。 2. 打断别人是不礼貌的。 3. 你应该遵守交通规则。 4. 你不应该到处丢垃圾。 5. 和那里的人们打招呼的正确方式是什么？
• 6. 和亲戚好友打招呼不必握手。 • 7. 请避免谈论这些话题。 • 8. 你知道如何在公共场合举止文明吗？ • 9. 插队是粗鲁的。 • 10. 如果有人挡路， • 你应该有足够的耐心等待直到他走开。
1.你过去对我很好。 2.我过去骑车上学，但是现在坐地铁上学。 3.——你住这里多久了？
八下Unit3课文和听力材料译文(1)
For personal use only in study and research; not forcommercial use年级单元学习材料Unit3莃八ection A 1a——2d羈S薈I ．重点词组do the dishes 倒垃圾take out the rubbish 整理床铺make one’s bed蒆洗餐具fold the clothes 扫地sweep the floor 打扫客厅clean the living room袀叠衣服羀出去吃饭go out for a dinner 去看电影go to the movies 在外面待到很晚stay out lateget a ride蚆搭车袅II. 重点句子薀1.A：你扫地好吗？B: 可以。
A: Could you please sweep the floor? B: Yes, sure.螇2. A: 我用用你的电脑好吗？B: 对不起，我要用。
袅A: Could I use your computer? B: Sorry, I ’m going to work on it now.芄3. 托尼，你能帮忙做几件事吗？Tony, could you please help out with a few things?莀4. 因为妈妈随时都会买完东西回来。
Because Mom will be back from shopping any minute now.衿5. 至少能让我看完这个节目吗？Could I at least finish watching this show?膇6. 不行！我觉得对你来说看两个小时的电视已经够多了！螄No. I think two hours of TV is enough for you!肁7. 如果她看到家里乱糟糟会不高兴的。
She won’t be happy if she sees the mess.袀III ．听力材料S ection A 1b芅膃Mom: Peter, we need to clean the house. Your grandma is coming over at seven. 皮特，我们需要来过打扫房子了，你奶奶七点钟袁Peter: Sure, but I need to do my homework first. 当然，但是我需要先做功课蚇Mom: OK. Then after you finish your homework, let ’s clean up the kitchen. I can do the dishes and sweep the floor. Could you please take out the rubbish? 可以。
Unit3课文翻译素材-高中英语牛津译林版(2020)选修第二册
高中英语译林版选修二课文翻译（原文+中文翻译）Unit 3 Helping people帮助他人ReadingThe United Nations--bringing people together联合国-把人们团结在一起In 1945, the world was on its knees. Cities lay in ruins, economies were destroyed, tens of millions of people were killed, and families across the globe were homeless and mourning the loss of loved ones. World War II, the deadliest human conflict of all time, had shattered people's lives everywhere. From the ashes of this utter destruction rose the organization that we now know as the United Nations (UN), offering hope to a world desperate for lasting peace and security. It is my privilege and pleasure to stand before you today and share with you a little bit about this wonderful organization.1945年，世界陷入了困境。
城市成为废墟，经济被摧毁，数千万人丧生，全球各地的家庭无家可归，哀悼失去的亲人。
第二次世界大战是有史以来最致命的人类冲突，它摧毁了世界各地人民的生活。
从这场彻底毁灭的灰烬中诞生了我们现在所知的联合国，它为渴望持久和平与安全的世界带来了希望。
学术英语(社科)Unit3三单元原文及翻译
UNIT 3 Unemployment1. Losing a job can be the most distressing economic event in a person’s life. Most people rely on their labor earnings to maintain their standard of living, and many people get from their work not only income but also a sense of personal accomplishment.A job loss means a lower living standard in the present, anxiety about the future, and reducedself-esteem. It is not surprising, therefore, that politicians campaigning for office often speak about how their proposed policies will help create jobs.失去一份工作可能是最痛苦的经济事件在一个人的生活。
大多数人们依靠自己的劳动收入来维持他们的生活标准,许多人会从他们的工作得到的不仅是收入，还有自己的成就感。
一个失去工作意味着现在要定一个更低的生活标准,焦虑未来,并丧失自尊心。
这并不奇怪,因此,政治家竞选办公室经常谈论他们所提出的政策将帮助创造就业机会。
4.In judging how serious the problem of unemployment is, one question to consider is whether unemployment is typically a short-term or long-term condition. If unemployment is short-term, one might conclude that it is not a big problem. Workers may require a few weeks between jobs to find the openings that best suit their tastes and skills. Yet if unemployment is long-term, one might conclude that it is a serious problem. Workers unemployed for many months are more likely to suffer economic and psychological hardship.判断失业问题有多么严重时，其中一个问题就是要考虑是否失业通常是一个短期或长期的条件。
大三 物流英语翻译
Unit61.仓库的主要功能之一是将零散货物拼装成整担进行运输，从而大量节约运输成本。
The one of primary functions is to consolidate smaller shipments into a large shipment with significant transportation savings.2.交叉理货是一项完成产品组合功能而进行的操作。
在此项操作中，供货商的产品以整车的数量运到仓库。
这些产品不是被储存起来等待以后的分拣，而是越过仓库运到等待装运的货车上以便送到特定的客户手中。
Cross-docking is an operation that facilitates the product-mixing function. In across-docking operation, products from different suppliers arrive in truckload lots, but instead of being placed into storage for later picking, they are moved across the warehouse area to waiting trucks for movement to particular customers.3.传统的仓库只有储存的功能。
随着商业经济的发展，传统的仓库已经无法满足现代商业快速转变的需求。
因此，它们已经变成了配送中心或者立体自动化仓库。
配送中心实现以下功能：收货，入库，分拣和配送。
在仓库的规划设计中，应该遵循便于产品穿过仓库连续向前流动这一原则。
这种直线式的产品流动提高了运作的效率，并将拥堵和冗余降到了最低水平。
The main function of an old-fashioned/a traditional warehouse is to store goods. As a result of the modern commerce development, traditional warehouse failed to satisfy the requirements for the rapid changes of contemporary business. Therefore, it has developed into a distribution center which providers/offers the functions as follows: receiving, storing, replenishing, picking and delivering.Unit71.对于今天的企业来说，它们的一项首要任务是找出新的、创造性的方法来减少关键业务过程中的成本，这也包括那些与物流相关的业务。
综英4课文1,3,4,5,6,9单元重点翻译
Unit11.Those memories of forking out thousands of pounds a year so that he could eat well andgo to the odd party,began to fade.那些每年为孩子支付费用让他可以吃好参加新奇排队的记忆开始慢慢消退。
2.This former scion of Generation Y has morphed overnight into a member of Generation Grunt.这位前“千玺一代”的后裔一夜之间变成哼哼唧唧的一代的成员3.I passed the exams,but at the interviews they accused me of being‗too detached‘and talking in language that was‗too technocratic‘,which I didn‘t think possible, but obviously it is我通过了考试，但是面试时他们却谴责我太冷漠，讲话像技术政治论者，我不这样认为，但显然我的确是这样的。
4.For the rest it is9-to-5―chilling‖before heading to the pub.其余的都是朝九晚五的“无所事事”，晚上去酒吧喝酒打发时间。
5.I went to a comprehensive and I worked my backside off to go to the gooduniversity.我上的是一所综合性中学，我拼命读书才考上一所好的大学。
6.but having worked full-time since leaving school herself,she and her husband find it tricky to advise him on how to proceed.她自从离开学校就开始做全职工作，因此她和她的丈夫发现建议孩子如何继续找工作是件很棘手的事情7.Carry on life as normal and don‘t allow them to abuse your bank account or sap your reserves of emotional energy父母要过正常的生活，不要让孩子滥用你的银行卡或榨干你的情感能量8.After that the son or daughter needs to be nudged firmly back into theSaddle.在这之后，儿女就该被父母坚决要求继续求职9.If you ask me,real life is not all it‘s cracked up to be.Twelve years at school and three years at university,teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wideworld beyond our sheltered life as students,and what do I find?依我看，现实生活并没有人们想象的那么美好。
1,3,5主课文翻译
Unit 1绿化，永无止境安妮·安德伍德和丹尼尔·斯通【1】环保主义思想已经深深地扎根于校园。
从加利福尼亚大学戴维斯分校的“零浪费”运动场到纽约州瓦瑟学院2007级学生献给学校的价值10 000美元的太阳能电池板，你可以看到环保运动已经蔓延到了全国。
环保意识已经深入学生们的内心，他们通过开展一些竞赛活动来推进回收再利用，并且大幅减少学生宿舍能源的使用。
学校里还开设了一些与环境相关的课程与专业，甚至还设立了一些奖学金。
这些新的举措是很有意义的。
高等教育明确定位，不仅要为社会培养有环保意识的公民，还要培养环保工程师、环保建筑师和环保政策的制定者。
康奈尔大学的校长戴维·斯科顿说得好：“可持续发展势在必行。
”【2】想要探寻环保运动已经广泛开展的证据，只需关注全国各大学都热衷参与的“回收狂”（RecycleMania）竞赛便能找到答案。
2008年的冠军不是像哈佛大学和斯坦福大学这些以环保著称的著名学府，而是密歇根州的一所微不足道的学院——卡拉马祖学院。
在历时十周的比赛中，卡拉马祖学院的同学们共回收利用了59%的废物。
（哈佛是27%，斯坦福是30%）。
回收俱乐部的成员们开展了名为“宿舍风暴”的活动，在每个寝室埋伏了同学来专门观察和宣传那些减少浪费的行为和美德。
他们还从校内垃圾桶里收集可回收材料——甚至运送泡沫塑料和废旧电脑到公司，以便加工后再利用。
他们把废弃的书拆开来使得纸张可以再利用。
一些旧的椅子、杯子、扬声器，甚至一台钢琴也在校园的二手货交易地重获新生，这里满屋子都是一些二手货，当然还是免费的。
【3】从杜克大学里带有环保屋顶的“智慧屋”（一个同时可作为绿色生活实验室的宿舍）到加利福尼亚大学默塞德新校区，那里的所有建筑都达到了美国绿色建筑委员会制定的标准，环保建筑也如春笋般突然出现在校园中。
位于南卡罗莱纳州格林维尔市的福尔曼大学也实施了一项最不寻常的计划。
2008年6月，福尔曼大学与《南方生活》杂志协力创建了名为“绝壁村舍”的太阳能展示区。
环境科学与工程专业英语部分课文翻译(3、8、10、15、16、19、23)
Unit 3 What is Waste Reduction/Waste Minimization?什么是废物减量化，废物最少化美国花费了大量的时间在讨论像资源减量化，废物最小化，循环和阻止污染这些术语上，EPA已经提供了以下的定义。
资源减量化：减少在于一个过程中的大量废物的任何行为。
它包括，例如，过程调整，原料调整，提高管理和回收在循环。
废物最少化：产生的废物最大程度减少，然后处理，存储，或者处置。
它包括了被导致了只要减量化与现在或将来威胁到人类健康和环境的最小化的目标一致的总容量或废物数量的减少或者废物毒性的减少，或者两方面兼备的发生器承担任何资源减量化或循环的活动。
回收：作为一个商业产品的代替品，或作为一个工业过程的原料的利用或再利用。
它包括了废物的有用的小部分或来自允许再用的去除了污染物的废物的在现场或离开现场的回收利用。
污染的防止：污染可能在生产过程之中产生，或者在当一个产品被用作商业用途或被消费者使用的时候产生。
这样可能在三个方式上被阻止：改变投入/减少依赖有毒物或有害的原材料；改变过程/增加效率/提高类似设备修改的维修保养，更好的管理，在过程中闭环循环；或者改变产出/减小对有毒或者有害产品的依赖。
随着1984年危险废物和固体废物修正案资源保护和恢复法的通过，美国国会建立一个国家政策来表明回收或消除危险废物的产生重要性。
美国国会宣称它是一项无论在美国哪里都可行的国家政策，要尽可能迅速地回收或消除危险废物的产生。
然而产生的废物还是应被处理、储存或处置，从而尽量减少现在和将来对人类健康和环境的威胁。
在1990年，美国国会通过污染防治法，建立了一个全国废物管理政策。
表明第一污染应该被预防或回收；;第二，废物应该用一种环保安全的方式进行循环利用；第三，废物应该被处理;最后，废物应该被除去或降解到环境。
在美国，随着这些和其他环境法规的通过，废物最少化成为一种重要的工作理念.废物回收/废物最少化技术同时，对于一些特定的工厂，废物最少化的当然是在具体的工厂或在实地，能用的技术能被分为以下主要几类：●product changes产品改变●process changes过程改变●equipment modifications设备改造●operating practices操作训练●recycling and reuse回收和再利用在实践中，尽量减少废物的机会是有限的，只有被工厂人员的聪明才智所利用. 这种技术已经被运用与大数量的工业和工业化生产过程，同时也被应用于有危险性和非危险性的废物。
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Unit 3 垃圾回收
垃圾回收是20世纪后期最成功的环境保护事例之一。
如今，道路垃圾回收计划已经触及美国大多数人。
事实上，回收家具垃圾的人比参加竞选投票的人更多。
全国范围内，普通群众们的努力带来了大量的物质材料。
垃圾回收，包括混合堆肥，在1996年改变了5700吨原来要进入废物填充地或焚烧炉的材料的命运，这一数据在1990年为3400万吨——仅仅6年增长了67%。
由垃圾回收和混合堆肥带来的材料处理的转换率，预计到2005年为8500万吨，即所有固体废物的35%。
地推成一列，形成从地球到月亮的桥梁。
在1996年，这些箱子可以达到这座桥的3/4。
当我们达到2005年35%的回收目标时，填满可回收物的箱子就能达到月球了。
垃圾回收值得这所有的努力吗？创造利润是唯一的底线吗？一些观察员提出，眼下的利润是衡量成功的唯一标准。
这种观点只考虑一个单独的回收计划如何影响一个社区的全部垃圾管理费用，与之相比的是另一种选择，即将一切都送往废物填充地或焚烧炉造成的费用。
其他一些观察员建议使用更开阔的视角看待垃圾回收利用的费用和益处。
虽然大部分成功的垃圾回收计划经验不一，但是，包括很多具有高垃圾转化率的计划在内，都是经济上可行并确实创造了利润。
回收物品的市场不可避免地起伏不定。
为了一定程度上防止垃圾回收计划受到市场严重摇摆不定的影响，垃圾回收计划的效率必须不断提高。
在接下来的十年里，参与垃圾回收的社区的目标之一是，鉴定并复制传播决定成功的因素。
举国上下都在努力学习和采用最高效的垃圾回收计划所运用的办法，那么发现垃圾回收已经取得的很多经济和环境的好处就尤为重要。
很多好处可能在不细致的观察员看来不明显，或者因为市政的会计结算和税收特点难以理解，或者在城市和垃圾回收人员的合同的市场价格上没能反映出来。
比如，回收利用饮料容器节省的全部能源就没有包括在道路垃圾回收合同协商的价格中回收利用固体垃圾的好处同样适用于包括由自治地区管理的，如工业废弃物、建筑废墟、拆毁废墟和农业废弃物之类以及其他一系列垃圾的回收利用。
从这些原料中回收的材料还可以增强这个星球和子孙后代的可持续性。
回收固体垃圾的好处至少可以分为8类。
回收利用可以：* 减少对肥料填充地的需求；* 防止多种空气污染和睡污染的排出；* 节约能源；* 为工业生产提供有价值的原材料；* 创造就业机会；* 减少温室气体的排放；* 促进更加环保的技术的发明；* 为子孙后代的未来保留资源。
20世纪70、80和90年代，垃圾回收业一直是一个增长的工业。
垃圾回收并不是一股热潮。
到1996年，7000多个道路垃圾采集项目服务了大约一半的美国人。
那一年，包括混合堆肥在内的垃圾回收转移了27%——超过1/4——全国固体垃圾的去向。
但是垃圾回收利用并不新鲜，从有记录的历史起它就存在着。
在大规模生产之前，各家各户就惯常修理、重新使用和回收利用它们所拥有的材料，这是经济上的需要。
至于现在，命脉工业依赖于回收利用，比如，直到19世纪后期，碎布是造纸业所需纤维的主要来源。
零售商收集压扁的铁箱，回收利用制成装运容器。
废料厂一直高效地回收利用旧的汽车、汽车零件和
其他的金属物品。
一战和二战给垃圾回收利用事业带来了短暂的热潮，因为废料收集车收集纸张、
回收利用水平和参与率在整体上降到了低谷。
传统的垃圾回收利用方式也因为美国20世纪大部分时期的经济暴涨而在衰颓。
收入增加，大规模生产的物品让大家消费得起，人们的物质生活日益富足。
这样的富足带来了一个愈演愈烈的趋势——产品在最初使用之后被丢弃或者换掉，而不是重新使用或者回收利用。
始于20世纪70年代早期的环保激进主义和环保意识的热潮带来了一阵对垃圾回收利用的兴趣。
紧接着1970年第一个世界地球日，多大3000个垃圾回收利用志愿中心开幕。
20世纪70年代早期开展了超过100个道路垃圾采集计划，其中很多都将重心放在如报纸和瓶罐等一系列材料的回收上。
人们对垃圾回收利用和志愿者计划的兴趣日趋浓厚。
美国环境保护局和一些州立环境保护局制定了指导原则，提供技术援助，并对地区设定了努力目标。
尽管20世纪70年代垃圾的产生增长了25%，但是垃圾的回收利用增长了45%。
20世纪80年代废料填充地开始出现不足，尤其是在人口密集的地区，这导致了垃圾被长途运输，频繁地跨越州际线。
垃圾管理公司开始提出回收利用计划，这又常常与新建焚烧炉和废料填充地的提议挂钩。
社区组织也常常呼吁投入更大的努力，希望能限制或者避免新建垃圾处理设施。
州政府和地区政府在策划垃圾管理的工作中也越来越积极，包括扩展回收利用和混合堆肥。
在肥料填充地短缺、抵制跨州垃圾、全国对垃圾管理关注度上升的共同作用下，美国环保局发表了一份国家政策指引
路垃圾采集计划，废弃物回收站、废弃物加工厂等也在努力。
尽管20世纪80年代垃圾的产生又一次快速增长，增加了近36%，但是垃圾回收利用和混合堆肥在那10年间，一并猛增了近132%，占垃圾产生总量的16%。
对可回收物品的采集提高了，创造出的复原材料一开始就比美国生产型公司现成可用的的材料还多。
到了20世纪90年代，工业上就投资了百万计美元在处理和制造技术上，这些技术专门用于利用复原材料来生产类型广泛的产品，而不是利用未使用过的生材。
消费者也有利于深刻地意识到，购买他们自己为回收利用而手机的材料制成的产品，他们在垃圾回收利用中扮演着重要的角色。
各级政府部门也发挥作用，通过增加对含回收物产品的政府采购，确保回收利用的生命力。
从1990年到1997年，垃圾回收利用保持着两位数的增长，达到了估计垃圾产生总量27%的回收利用率——相比1990年，增长了近67%，超过了25%的国际政策目标。
是其中一个在20世纪70年代由志愿者建立起废弃物回收站的社区。
几年之后，一个名为Recycle Ann Arbor的志愿者组织开始了道路垃圾回收计划。
如今，Ann Arbor市政府向市民按周收集23类可回收物，按季收集4类院落残垣废料。
这些努力，加上家喻户晓的家庭混合堆肥、废弃物回收处理和密歇根的容器处理议案的影响，让Ann Arbor转换了52%的垃圾。
Recycle Ann Arbor为提供垃圾回收利用服务的城市合约竞价，一贯地胜出。
这种大量级的垃圾转换有助于降低费用。
比如在1996年，Ann Arbor每吨垃圾回收利用和混合堆肥耗费71美元，较之每吨垃圾收集和处理费用却是86美元。
像Ann Arbor之类高垃圾转换率、低成本的社区，为在全国上下改进地区垃圾回收利用计划的经济可行性的努力提供了榜样。