国家级论文发表刘雅芳

Multi-meaning of the Word “cover” and its E-C Translationin Business EnglishAbstract:With the economic globalization and frequent business activities, the importance of business English is becoming more and more outstanding. So the modern business English translation plays an ever-increasing role in international trade. Most of business English vocabularies are basic vocabularies, except some professional terms. When these basic vocabularies are applied to the business fields, most of them have special meanings, and this kind of situation also increases the difficulty for understanding and translation. In this thesis, the writer is going to introduce the multi-meaning of the word “cover”and its E-C translation in business English. With view to solving the translation problems of the word “cover” in business English, this paper points out that translators engaged in foreign business should pay extra attention to learning professional knowledge in business English, and understanding commercial language features, and studying translation skills set in the principle of correctness, rigorousness, and standardized consistency. This paper is to detail not only the meanings and usage s of “cover” functioning as noun and verb with rich examples but also the expres sions concerned. The word “cover” and its derivatives are illustrated in this paper for the purpose of further understanding and appropriate usage to the readers.Key words:business English; cover; derivatives; translation1 IntroductionSpelling of the word “cover” is simple, but this word is frequently used in many aspects. People naturally think of the equivalent Chinese language as long as they see it, such as “a thing that is put over or on another thing”, “to lie or spread over the surface of somet hing” and so on. But the interpretation of this word is far more than that, especially in business English. It has many different meanings in various documents (invoices and letters of credit) and different contract terms. We should translate itaccording to the specific occasions, sentence structures, word matches, understand the specific meanings, combine with the knowledge of foreign trade and use of translation skills flexibly. So sometimes it is difficult to understand. Translator should be careful to choose appropriate Chinese words to translate “cover” based on the concrete situational and linguistic contexts. The aspects of the text, from information to purpose of the text, force us to adapt relatively flexible methods in our translation practice. Therefore, the meanings and the Chinese equivalents of the word “cover” in different situation and linguistic contexts and clauses were studied. This paper discusses the multi-meaning and the E-C translation skills of the word “cover” and its derivatives in business English.In modern time the most influential norms were Yan Fu’s “faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance”on the one hand and Lu Xun’s principle “rather to be faithful in thought than smooth in the language” on the other. Both Yan Fu and Lu Xun laid much stress on the principles of being faithful. This principle is also the most important point in business translation.2 Meanings and Usages as a NounMany meanings which can be expressed by sentences often can be expressed by nouns. Therefore using nouns can make business information gathered, in line with the principle of economic capacity in business communication. In addition, using nouns could avoid involving tenses, voice, and other factors. It also can make entire text appears to be objective, formal and rigorous. Therefore, in business English, we should strive for precision when translating nouns.2.1 As a Countable Noun2.1.1 A Thing That Is Put over or on Another ThingIt means “a thing that is put over or on another thing usually to protect it or to decorate it and should be usually translated into “覆盖物”, “掩蔽物”, “套子”, “罩子” or “盖子”.2.1.2 The Usage in Some Postal TermsIt means “the outside of a book、a magazine or a package” and should be translated into “封皮”, “封袋” or “包封”. A s these meanings, “cover” is often c onstituted idioms, for example: “under cover”, “under separate cover”, “under registered cover”, “in a separate cover” and so on. “ under cover” is usually translated into “附在信中、随函邮寄”；“under separate cover” or “in a separate cover” is usually translated into “另函邮寄” or “另行邮寄”；“under registered cover” is usually translated into “挂号信、挂号函、挂号邮寄”As these meanings, translators must accurately master business terminologies. The biggest characteristic of business English is to use professional vocabulary. Using professional vocabulary can avoid lengthy explanation and improve efficiency.2.1.3 ExcuseIt means “a false reason that you give for doing something in order to hide the real reason” and should be translated into “借口” or “掩饰”.2.2 As an Uncountable Noun2.2.1 A Place That Provides ShelterIt means “from bad weather or protection from an attack” and should be translated into “躲避处”,“避难所” or “庇护所”. This meaning usually appears in everyday English.In order not to miss the point, this article lists a few examples about it, although this meaning is not part of business areas.2.2.2 Protection That an Insurance Company ProvidesIt means “protection that an insurance company provides by promising to pay you money if a particular event happens” and should be translated into “保险”.3 Meanings and Usages as a VerbVerbs in English, like those in other Western languages, have inflexion in number,person, tense, voice and mood, which are considered indispensable to make the sentence clear and easy to understand. But this is not the case with verbs in Chinese. A translator must pay more attention to tense, aspects and passives of verbs in English. This chapter will deal with the E-C translation of the verb “cover”.3.1 As a Transitive Verb3.1.1 To Include or Deal with a Particular Subject or Group of ThingsIt means “to include or deal with a particular subject or group of things” and should be translated into “包含”,“包括” or “涉及”. The past participle of the word “cover”, “covered”, can be regarded as attributive and translated into “……项下的……”.3.1.2 To Buy Something, to Obtain by Paying Money or to Order the GoodsIt means “to buy something” and should be translated into “购进” As this meaning, it us ually uses “requirement” as object. When the meaning is “to order the goods”, it is translated into “定购”and usually uses “order” as object.3.1.3 To Cope withIt means “to cope with” and should be translated into “适应”, “适用于” or “应付”.3.1.4 To Be Sufficient to Defray, Meet, or Offset the Cost or Charge ofIt means “to be sufficient to defray, meet, or offset the cost or charge of” and should be translated into “（足额）支付”“偿付”“补偿”，“弥补” or “补进”.3.1.5 To InsureIt means “to insure” and should be translated into “投保” or “给……保险”.As this meaning, it has many usages in business contracts.3.1.6 To Lie or Spread over the Surface of SomethingIt means “to lie or spread over the surface of something” and should be translated into “覆盖”, “涵盖”, “盖住” or “淹没”. This meaning usually appears in everyday English.In order not to miss the point, this article lists a few examples about it, although this meaning is not part of business areas.3.1.7 To Report on an Event for Television, a Newspaper, etc.It means “to report on an event for television, a newspaper, etc. to show how an event on television” and should be translated into “报道” or “采访”.3.1.8 To Travel the Distance or to Spread over the Area MentionedIt means “to travel the distance mentioned or to spread over the area mentioned” and should be translated into “行走（一段路程）”, “占（一片面积）”. This meaning usually appears in everyday English. In order not to miss the point, this article lists a few examples about it, although this meaning is not part of business areas.3.1.9 To DiscussIt means “to discuss” and should be translated into “讨论”.3.2As an Intransitive Verb3.2.1 To Do S omebody’s Work or Duties While They Are awayIt means “t o do somebody’s work or duties while they are away”and should be translated into “代替”, “顶替” or “替补”.3.2.2 To Invent a Lie or an ExcuseIt means “to invent a lie or an excuse that will stop somebody from getting into trouble” and should be translated into “遮掩”, “掩盖” or “敷衍”.4 The Usage and the E-C Translation of the C over’s DerivativesNot only the word “cover” can be used in many aspects, but also its derivatives are used frequently. Mainly include “coverage” and “covering”.4.1 Coverage as a Noun4.1.1 It Means Insurance Types as an Uncountable NounAs an uncountable noun or a singular noun (without a plural form), it means “insurance types” and should be translated into “保险事务”, “险别”, or “……险”.4.1.2 It Means the Amount of Insurance as an Uncountable NounAs an uncountable noun, “coverage” means “the amount of insurance”and should be translated into “投保额”.4.1.3 It Means Insurance as an Uncountable NounAs an uncountable noun, it means “insurance” and should be translate d into “保险”.4.2 Covering as an Adjective4.2.1 Connected with SomethingIt means “connected with something; belonging to something; be part of something; relating to something” and should be translated into “有关的”, “关于”, “……项下的……” or “……的……”.6 ConclusionYan Fu’“faithfulness, expressiveness and e legance”is recognized as the criteria of translation, and it has far-reaching impact on business English translation. The language of business English is rigorous, accurate. That means “faithful ness”. There are lots of differences between business English translation and ordinary English translation. In ordinary English translation, the translators only have to master two kinds of language and their culture and translation skills, then the translation may be successful. In business English translation, sometimes we know the meanings of every terms but can not translate the whole sentence. Because business English translation is also related to extensive understanding for economy, trade, legal, finance and other aspects. The translation of business English requests the translator have better knowledge of businessterminologies and flexible usages for various types of business discourses.To sum up, the word “cover”and its derivatives have many kinds of meanings and usages in business English. If we want to master them, we should learn their functions in different contexts. On this basis, we also should consider the Chinese speaking logic.The word “cover” and its derivatives are illustrated in this paper for the purpose of further understanding and appropriate usage for the readers.References[1] A S Hornby. Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary[M]. Sixth edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2004: 389-390.[2]梁志坚.商务英语Cover及其派生词的用法及汉译[J].中国科技翻译，2005，18(3)：44-49.[3]段梦敏.现在商务英语翻译策略[J].中国科技翻译，2005，18(3)：34-36.[4]赵立民.外贸函电用语实用手册[M].北京：对外经济贸易大学出版社.2007：98-248.[5]荣民，尹德永.涉外经贸法律英语[M].北京：首都经济贸易大学出版社，2000：14-28.[6]汪文格，郑卫.实用商务英语[M].湖南：湖南人民出版社，2004：66-145.[7]廖瑛，莫再树.国际商务英语语言与翻译研究[M].第二版.北京：对外经济贸易大学出版社，2007：191-217.[8]吕昊，刘显正，罗萍.商务合同写作及翻译[M].武汉：武汉大学出版社，2005：51-65.[9]车丽娟，贾秀海.商务英语翻译教程[M].北京：对外经济贸易大学出版社，2007：139-199.[10]周保国.商务交际英语[M].武汉：武汉大学出版社，2000:123-240.“cover”一词多义的理解及其在商务英语中的翻译技巧摘要：在经济日益全球化，商务活动日益频繁的今天，商务英语的重要性日益突出。