广州2013版八年级英语上册Unit-1-Encyclopaedias-单元重点与练习题

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Unit 1 Encyclopaedias

必会重点词汇和短语

★单词默写

1. 人的adj. human

2. 恐龙

3. 意大利人

4. 发明家

5. 音乐家

6. 科学家

7. 出生8. 乡村；农村9. 才智；智慧10. 有艺术天赋的11. 才能；能力12. 可能；大概13. 发明14. 笔记本

15. 包括；包吨16. 甚至

17. 然而18. 突然；忽然19. 没有人20. 获胜；赢21. 美元

★短语默写

1. 在乡村

2. 人，人类

3. 灭绝；消失

4. 了解（到）；弄清

5. 去散步

6. 正如；正像

7. 出生8. 重要的事

9. 给…拍照

★重点词汇讲解和辨析

1. look 相关短语辨析

●look up 查阅

I looked your address up in the personnel file.

我从人事档案里查到了你的地址。

●look out 注意；留心

Look out! There's a car coming.

当心! 汽车来了。

●look over 检查

Would you mind looking over my article?

您介不介意检查下我的文章?

●look after 照顾

At weekends, Eason often helps his mother look after his little sister.

周末的时候，Eason 经常帮妈妈照顾他的妹妹。

●look at 看着

The dog is looking at Liz angrily.

这只狗生气地看着Liz。

●look around 环顾四周

Joey looked around to make sure that there was no one nearby.

乔伊环顾四周，以确定附近是不是没有人在。

●look forward to 期待

Sunny looks forward to having a holiday.

Sunny 期待拥有一个假期。

●look like 看起来像

Daisy said Ivy looked like twenty in this dress.

Daisy说Ivy 穿这条裙子看起来像二十岁。

2. drawing VS. picture VS. painting

drawing 指素描、工程图、线条图、铅笔画、钢笔画等

picture 指图片、图画、照片等。指照片时，与photo意思相同

painting 指着色的水彩画、油画等

3. as…as…不…一样

本句型属于事物之间的同级比较。当句子为肯定句时，用“A…as + 形容词/副词+ as B”，表示“A和B…一样”; 当句子为否定句时，用“A…not as/so + 形容词/副词+ as B”，表示“A不如B…”。

(so…as不用于肯定句)

I never went through a final exam that was as difficult as that one.

我仍未经历过像那次一样难的期末考试。

Amanda doesn’t run so/as fast as Annabella.

Amanda 跑得没有Annabella 那么快。

4. millions of VS. 基数词+ million

hundred, thousand, million 等词，不具体数字连用时，后面不加s, 不加of, 直接跟名词复数。若前面无具体数字时，则后面加s, 加of, 表示概数“几百，几千，几百万…”。

如：two million birds 两百万叧鸟

millions of birds 几百万叧鸟

5. however VS. but

however 意为“然而”，语气较弱，常用逗号隔开

I'd like to go with you; however, my hands are full.

我很想和你一块儿去，可是我忙不过来。

but 意为“但是”，语气相对较强，不用逗号隔开

Please excuse me, but there is something I must say.

请原谅，不过有件事我必须说一下。

6. person VS. people VS. man

person 强调个体和具体的人

At least one person died and several others were injured.

至少一人死亡，另有几人受伤。

people 集体名词，泛指“人，人们”，一般不指具体的人

We must gather the people to our side.

我们必须把人聚集到我们这一边。

man 可指“男人”；也可以指人类

The chick initially has no fear of man.

小鸡最初不怕人。

7. help 作动词时的6种常用搭配

◆help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事

The boy often helps his mother to do the housework.

这个男孩经常帮他的妈妈做家务。

◆help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事

The boy often helps his mother do the housework.

这个男孩经常帮他的妈妈做家务。

◆help do sth. 帮助做某事（不强调帮助对象）

The boy often helps do the housework.

这个男孩经常帮忙做家务。

◆help sb. with sth. 在某方面/某事上帮助某人

The boy often helps his mother with the housework.

这个男孩经常帮他的妈妈做家务。

◆help oneself to sth. 随便吃点…

Please help yourself to some sweets.

请随便吃点糖果吧。

◆can’t/couldn’t help doing 忍不住做某事

When he heard the news, he couldn't help crying.

当他听到这个消息时，禁不住哭了起来。

8. remember to do & remember doing

remember to do 记得去做（事情还未做）

Remember to meet me at the theatre this evening.

记得今晚在剧场跟我碰面。

remember doing 记得做过（事情已做）

I remember meeting you one evening at the theatre.

我记得有一天晚上在剧场遇到你。

9. win & beat

win 意为“赢得; 获胜”; 宾语常为比赛、戓战争等

She beat the other players and won the competition.

她打败了其他的选手，赢了这场比赛。

beat 意为“击败; 打败; 胜过”; 宾语常为参赛者、参赛队伍或是对手

10. find out VS. find VS. look for

find out 意为“（通过调查而）查明；发现；查出”

Scientists have found out that the illness may be caused by lack of sleep.