June2009.p1_
HEALTH 1.1
SERVICES
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We are pleased to announce that the Editorial Board Member of Health, Kuo-Chen Chou, has been identified by Science Watch (/ana/fea/09maraprFea/) as the author with the highest numbers of Hot Papers published over the preceding two years (2007 and 2008). Among the 13 authors listed in the table of “Scientists with Multiple Hot Papers” by Science Watch, Professor Dr. Kuo-Chen Chou of Gordon Life Science institute and Shanghai Jiaotong University ranks No.1 with 17 hot papers. Meanwhile, the review article by Kuo-Chen Chou and Hong-Bin Shen, entitled “Recent Progresses in Protein Subcellular Location Prediction” published in Analytical Biochemistry, has been identified by Science Watch as the New Hot Paper in the field of Biology & Biochemistry (/dr/nhp/2009/09marnhp/09marnhpChou/). For more information about the hot research and hot papers, go to visit the web-sites at /htmlnews/2009/3/216833.html; /ana/fea/pdf/09maraprFea.pdf; and /dr/nhp/2009/pdf/09marnhpChou.pdf. Please join us to send our sincere and warm congratulations to our fellow board member, Kuo-Chen Chou, for his prominent contributions in science. Meanwhile, we hope this announcement can attract more researchers to submit their best papers to Health, the journal that publishes the highest quality of research and review articles in all important aspects of human health, medicine, engineering, and their intersection.
p1_2009_jun_q
P a p e r P 1Section A –This ONE question is compulsory and MUST be attempted1Global-bank is a prominent European bank with branches throughout Europe and investment arms in many locations throughout the world. It is regarded as one of the world’s major international banks. Through its network of investment offices throughout the world, fund managers trade in local investment markets and equities. Futures and derivative traders also operate. Its primary listing is in London although it is also listed in most of the other global stock markets including N ew York, Hong Kong, Frankfurt and Singapore. As with similar banks in its position, Global-bank’s structure is complicated and the complexity of its operations makes the strategic management of the company a demanding and highly technical process. Up until the autumn of 2008, investors had a high degree of confidence in the Global-bank board as it had delivered healthy profits for many years.In the autumn of 2008, it came to light that Jack Mineta, a Global-bank derivatives trader in the large city office in Philos, had made a very large loss dealing in derivatives over a three-month period. It emerged that the losses arose from Mr Mineta’s practice of ignoring the company trading rules which placed limits on, and also restricted, the type of financial instruments and derivatives that could be traded.The loss, estimated to be approximately US$7 billion, was described by one analyst as ‘a huge amount of money and enough to threaten the survival of the whole company’. As soon as the loss was uncovered, Mr Mineta was suspended from his job and the police were called in to check for evidence of fraud. The newspapers quickly reported the story, referring to Mr Mineta as a ‘rogue trader’ and asking how so much money could be lost without the bank’s senior management being aware of it. It turned out that Mr Mineta’s line manager at the Philos office had ignored the trading rules in the past in pursuit of higher profits through more risky transactions. Mr Mineta had considerably exceeded his trading limit and this had resulted in the huge loss. It later emerged that Mr Mineta had been dealing in unauthorised products which were one of the riskiest forms of derivatives.At a press conference after Mr Mineta’s arrest, Global-bank’s chief executive, Mrs Barbara Keefer, said that her first priority would be to ask the Philos office why the normal internal controls had not been effective in monitoring Mr Mineta’s activities. It emerged that Mr Mineta had in the past been one of Global-bank’s most profitable derivatives traders. Some journalists suggested to Mrs Keefer that the company was happy to ignore normal trading rules when Mr Mineta was making profits because it suited them to do so.Another derivatives trader in the Philos office, Emma Hubu, spoke to the media informally. She said that Mr Mineta was brilliant and highly motivated but that he often said that he didn’t care about the trading rules. Miss Hubu explained that Mr Mineta didn’t believe in right and wrong and once told her that ‘I’m in this job for what I can get for myself – big risks bring big returns and big bonuses for me.’ She also explained that the culture of the Philos office was driven by Mr Mineta’s line manager, Juan Evora. She said that Mr Evora knew that Mr Mineta was breaking trading rules but was also very profits driven and kept compliance information from head office so that the nature of Mr Mineta’s trading was not uncovered. The compliance information was required by head office but several failures to return the information had not been acted upon by head office. Mr Evora’s bonus was directly linked to the size of the Philos office’s profits and all of the derivatives traders, including Mr Mineta, were regularly reminded about the importance of taking risks to make big returns. Miss Hubu said that trading rules were not enforced and that head office never got involved in what went on in Philos as long as the annual profits from the Philos derivative traders were at or above expectations.It emerged that the lack of correct information from Philos and elsewhere meant that Global-bank’s annual report statement of internal control effectiveness was not accurate and gave an unduly favourable impression of the company’s internal controls. In addition, the company’s audit committee had been recently criticised by the external auditors for a lack of thoroughness. Also, the audit committee had recently lost two non-executive members that had not been replaced.The amount lost by Mr Mineta made it necessary to refinance the Global-bank business and when the board recommended a US$5 billion rights issue, some of the institutional investors demanded an extraordinary general meeting (EGM). Global-bank’s largest single shareholder, the Shalala Pension Fund, that held 12% of the shares, was furious about the losses and wanted an explanation from Mrs Keefer on why internal controls were so ineffective.When the Shalala trustees met after the losses had been reported, it was decided to write an urgent letter to Mrs Keefer expressing the trustees’ disappointment at her role in the internal control failures at Global-bank. The letter would be signed by Millau Haber, the chairman of the Shalala trustees.2At the EGM, Mrs Keefer made a statement on behalf of the Global-bank board. In it she said that Mineta had been a rogue trader who had wilfully disregarded the company’s internal controls and was, in breaking the company’s trading rules, criminally responsible for the theft of company assets. She denied that the main Global-bank board had any responsibility for the loss and said that it was a ‘genuinely unforeseeable’ situation.(a)Kohlberg’s theory of the development of moral reasoning contains three levels, with each level containing twostages or ‘planes’. It is a useful framework for understanding the ways in which people think about ethical issues.Required:(i)Explain the three levels of Kohlberg’s theory. (6 marks)(ii)Identify the level that Mr Mineta operated at and justify your choice using evidence from the case.(4 marks)(iii)Identify, with reasons, the stage (or ‘plane’) of Kohlberg’s moral development most appropriate for a professional bank employee such as Mr Mineta as he undertakes his trading duties. (2 marks) (b)Explain FIVE typical causes of internal control failure and assess the internal control performance ofGlobal-bank in the case scenario. (10 marks) (c)Analyse the agency relationship that exists between the board of Global-bank and the trustees of the ShalalaPension Fund.(4 marks) (d)Distinguish between narrow and wide stakeholders and identify three narrow stakeholders in Global-bank(based on Evan & Freeman’s definition) from information in the case. Assess the potential impact of the events described on each narrow stakeholder identified. (10 marks) (e)You have been asked to draft a letter from Millau Haber, chairman of the Shalala trustees, to Mrs Keefer asa result of concerns over the events described in the case. The letter should explain the roles andresponsibilities of the chief executive in internal control, and criticise Mrs Keefer’s performance in that role.(10 marks)Professional marks are available in part (e) for the structure, content, style and layout of the letter.(4 marks)(50 marks)3[P.T.O.Section B –TWO questions ONLY to be attempted2In a major policy speech, Government finance minister Mrs Wei Yttria said that the audit and assurance industry’s work should always be judged by the effect it has on public confidence in business. She said that it was crucial that professional services such as audit and assurance should always be performed in the public interest and that there should be no material threats to the assurer’s independence. Enron and other corporate failures happened, she said, because some accountants didn’t understand wh at it was to act in th e public interest. Sh e stressed th at it was important that firms should not provide more than one service to individual clients. If a firm audited a client then, she said, it shouldn’t provide any other services to that client.Mr Oggon Mordue, a financial journalist who had worked in audit and assurance for many years, was in the audience.He suggested that the normal advice on threats to independence was wrong. On the contrary in fact, the more services that a professional services firm can provide to a client the better, as it enables the firm to better understand the client and its commercial and accounting needs. Mrs Yttria disagreed, saying th at h is views were a good example of professional services firms not acting in the public interest.Mr Mordue said that when he was a partner at a major professional services firm, he got to know his clients very well through the multiple links that his firm had with them. He said that he knew all about their finances from providing audit and assurance services, all about their tax affairs through tax consulting and was always in a good position to provide any oth er advice as h e h ad acted as a consultant on oth er matters for many years including advising on mergers, acquisitions, compliance and legal issues. He became very good friends with th e directors of client companies, he said. The clients, he explained, also found the relationship very helpful and the accounting firms did well financially out of it.Another reporter in the audience argued with Mr Mordue. Ivor Nahum said that Mr Mordue represented the ‘very worst’ of the accounting profession. He said that accounting was a ‘biased and value laden’ profession that served minority interests, was complicit in environmental degradation and could not serve the public interest as long as it primarily served the interests of unfettered capitalism. He said that the public interest was badly served by accounting, as it did not address poverty, animal rights or other social injustices.Required:(a)Explain, using accounting as an example, what ‘the public interest’ means as used by Mrs Yttria in herspeech.(5 marks)(b)This requirement concerns ethical threats. It is very important for professional accountants to be aware of ethicalthreats and to avoid these where possible.Required:(i)With reference to the case as appropriate, describe five types of ethical threat.(5 marks)(ii)Assess the ethical threats implied by Mr Mordue’s beliefs. (8 marks)(c)Assess Ivor Nahum’s remarks about the accounting profession in the light of Gray, Owen & Adams’ deepgreen (or deep ecologist) position on social responsibility.(7 marks)(25 marks)43TQ Company, a listed company, recently went into administration (it had become insolvent and was being managed by a firm of insolvency practitioners). A group of shareholders expressed the belief that it was the chairman, Miss Heike Hoiku, who was primarily to blame. Although the company’s management had made a number of strategic errors that brought about the company fai lure, the shareholders blamed the chai rman for fai li ng to hold seni or management to account. In particular, they were angry that Miss Hoiku had not challenged chief executive Rupert Smith who was regarded by some as arrogant and domineering. Some said that Miss Hoiku was scared of Mr Smith.Some shareholders wrote a letter to Miss Hoiku last year demanding that she hold Mr Smith to account for a number of previous strategic errors. They also asked her to explain why she had not warned of the strategic problems in her chairman’s statement in the annual report earlier in the year. In particular, they asked if she could remove Mr Smith from office for incompetence. Miss Hoiku replied saying that whilst she understood their concerns, it was difficult to remove a serving chief executive from office.Some of the shareholders believed that Mr Smith may have performed better in his role had his reward package been better designed in the first place. There was previously a remuneration committee at TQ but when two of its four non-execut ve members left the company, they were not replaced and so the comm ttee effect vely collapsed.Mr Smith was then able to propose his own remuneration package and Miss Hoiku did not feel able to refuse him.He massively increased the proportion of the package that was basic salary and also awarded himself a new and much more expensi ve company car. Some shareholders regarded the car as ‘excessi vely’ expensi ve. In addi ti on, suspecting that the company’s performance might deteriorate this year, he exercised all of his share options last year and immediately sold all of his shares in TQ Company.It was noted that Mr Smith spent long periods of time travelling away on company business whilst less experienced directors struggled with implementing strategy at the company headquarters. This meant that operational procedures were often uncoordinated and this was one of the causes of the eventual strategic failure.(a)Miss Hoiku stated that it was difficult to remove a serving chief executive from office.Required:(i)Explain the ways in which a company director can leave the service of a board. (4 marks)(ii)Discuss Miss Hoiku’s statement that it is difficult to remove a serving chief executive from a board.(4 marks)(b)Assess, in the context of the case, the importance of the chairman’s statement to sharehol ders in TQCompany’s annual report. (5 marks)(c)Criticise the structure of the reward package that Mr Smith awarded himself. (4 marks)(d)Criticise Miss Hoiku’s performance as chairman of TQ Company. (8 marks)(25 marks)5[P.T.O.4John Pentanol was appointed as risk manager at H&Z Company a year ago and he decided that his first task was to examine the risks that faced the company. He concluded that the company faced three major risks, which he assessed by examining the impact that would occur if the risk were to materialise. He assessed Risk 1 as being of low potential impact as even if it materialised it would have little effect on the company’s strategy. Risk 2 was assessed as being of medium potential impact whilst a third risk, Risk 3, was assessed as being of very high potential impact.When John realised the potential impact of Risk 3 materialising, he issued urgent advice to the board to withdraw from the activity that gave rise to Risk 3 being incurred. In the advice he said that the impact of Risk 3 was potentially enormous and it would be irresponsible for H&Z to continue to bear that risk.The company commercial director, Jane Xylene, said that John Pentanol and his job at H&Z were unnecessary and that risk management was ‘very expensive for the benefits achieved’. She said that all risk managers do is to tell people what can’t be done and that they are pessimists by nature. She said she wanted to see entrepreneurial risk takers in H&Z and not risk managers who, she believed, tended to discourage enterprise.John replied that it was his job to eliminate all of the highest risks at H&Z Company. He said that all risk was bad and needed to be eliminated if possible. If it couldn’t be eliminated, he said that it should be minimised.(a)The risk manager has an important role to play in an organisation’s risk management.Required:(i)Describe the roles of a risk manager. (4 marks)(ii)Assess John Pentanol’s understanding of his role. (4 marks)(b)With reference to a risk assessment framework as appropriate, criticise John’s advice that H&Z shouldwithdraw from the activity that incurs Risk 3. (6 marks)(c)Jane Xylene expressed a particular view about the value of risk management in H&Z Company. She also saidthat she wanted to see ‘entrepreneurial risk takers’.Required:(i)Define ‘entrepreneurial risk’ and explain why it is important to accept entrepreneurial risk in businessorganisations; (4 marks) (ii)Critically evaluate Jane Xylene’s view of risk management.(7 marks)(25 marks)End of Question Paper6。
2009用英语怎么说
2009用英语怎么说第一篇：2009用英语怎么说2009用英语怎么说2009:two thousand and nine示例用法：1.钢铁出口数据来源于2009年。
Steel export data is for 2009.2.那是2009年的6月。
That was in june 2009.3.在2009年艾哈迈迪内贾德也访问了巴西。
In 2009 mr ahmadinejad also visited brazil.4.2009年，吉尔吉斯斯坦的政治气候剧烈恶化。
In 2009 the political climate in kyrgyzstan deteriorated drastically.5.卡尔扎伊2009年赢得第二个五年任期。
President karzai won a second five-year term in 2009.第二篇：用英语说天气Clear = 晴朗Cloudy = 多云Drizzle = 毛毛雨Fair = 晴Fog = 雾Haze = 薄雾Hail = 冰雹Heavy Rain = 大雨Heavy Snow = 大雪Light Snow = 小雪Light Snow Fall = 小降雪Light Snow Grains = 小粒雪Light Snow Shower = 小阵雪Lightening = 雷电Mist = 薄雾Rain = 雨Rain Shower = 阵雨Rain Shower/ Windy = 阵雨/有风Rain / Snow Showers = 雨或阵雪Rain / Snow Showers Early = 下雨/早间阵雪Rain / Wind = 雨时有风Rain and Snow = 雨夹雪Scattered Showers = 零星阵雨Scattered Showers / Wind = 零星阵雨时有风Scattered Snow Showers = 零星阵雪Scattered Snow Showers / Wind = 零星阵雪时有风Scattered Strong Storms = 零星强烈暴风雨Scattered T-Storms = 零星雷雨Showers = 阵雨Showers Early = 早有阵雨Showers Late = 晚有阵雨Showers / Wind = 阵雨时有风Showers in the Vicinity = 周围有阵雨Smoke = 烟雾Snow = 雪Snow / Rain Icy Mix = 冰雨夹雪Snow and Fog = 雾夹雪Snow Shower = 阵雪Snowflakes = 雪花Sunny = 阳光Sunny / Wind = 晴时有风Sunny Day = 晴天Windy = 有风meteorology 气象学atmosphere 大气climate 气候elements 自然力量(风、雨)temperature 气温to be warm, to be hot 天气热to be cold 天气冷season 季节spring 春summer 夏autumn 秋(美作:fall)winter 冬frost 霜hail 冰雹snow 雪thunder 雷wind 风mist 雾cloud 云haze 霾rain 雨downpour, shower 暴雨storm, tempest 暴风雨lightning 闪电land wind 陆风hurricane 飓风cyclone 旋风typhoon 台风whirlwind 龙卷风gale 季节风gust of wind 阵风breeze 微风fog 浓雾dew 露水humidity 潮湿freeze 冰冻snowflake 雪花snowfall 降雪waterspout 水龙卷dead calm 风平浪静Indian summer 小阳春drought 干旱第三篇：用英语说菜单初级英语培训系列第一节课first class：早餐breakfast1．要求requestion：1．Speak loudly.Never be shame.2．Give somebody a hand.3． Team work.（分组）Words:Set menubreakfastbuffetAmericanDanishFruitchilledApplepineapple orangegrapefruitjuiceegghash brown potatobaconsausagebreadMilkskimmed milk low fat milkyogurtPlain congeefried noodleschivesdough sticksalted eggJasmine teasteamed buns/dim sumcoffeeteablack teacerealMuesliall bran cerealcornflakescoco/rice bubblesChickenbeefporkfreshmuffincroissantwaffles syrupfried egg: sunny side up/turn over/over easy/over hardboiled eggsscrambled eggs Omelet eggspoached eggs2．早餐常用短语common sentence：Good morning, sir/lady.May I have you room NO.?Would you like smoking area or non-smoking area?Would you like coffee or tea?(latte espresso capuccino)This way please.How about this table?3．黄金短语golden sentence：I am sorry I don’t understand.Please wait, I will call my captain to help you.Please go ahead and turn right.Here is the menu.Please take your time.I will be back to take your order.Excuse me, sir.May I take your order?(重复客人点单怎么说呢) It will take about 15 minutes.Enjoy it.4．练习exercise：1．分组PK单词。
2009年6月六级听力试题及答案(含原文)
2009年6月Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes）Section A注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答.11. A．Fred forgot to call him last night about the camping trip.B．He is not going to lend his sleeping bag to Fred。
C．He has not seen Fred at the gym for sometime。
D．Fred may have borrowed a sleeping bag from someone else.12. A．Summer has become hotter in recent years。
B．It will cool down a bit over the weekend.C．Swimming in a pool has a relaxing effect.D．He hopes the weather forecast is accurate.13. A．Taking a picture of Prof. Brown。
B．Commenting on an oil—painting.C．Hosting a TV program。
D．Staging a performance。
14. A．She can help the man take care of the plants。
B．Most plants grow better in direct sunlight.C．The plants need to be watered frequently.D．The plants should be placed in a shady spot.15。
A．Change to a more exciting channel.B．See the movie some other time。
2009 日历 (excel 版)
廿四气节名称2009 年日期(1) 小寒1月5日星期一(2) 大寒1月20日星期二(3) 立春2月4日星期三(4) 雨水2月18日星期三(5) 惊蜇3月5日星期四(6) 春分3月20日星期五(7) 清明4月5日星期日(8) 谷雨4月20日星期一(9) 立夏5月5日星期二(10) 小满5月21日星期四(11) 盲种6月5日星期五(12) 夏至6月21日星期日2009 Year of the Wonderful Ox 2009 己丑年 [火牛](13) 小暑7月7日星期二(14) 大暑7月23日星期四January January1月April April4月July July7月October October10月(15) 立秋8月7日星期五日一二三四五六日一二三四五六日一二三四五六日一二三四五六(16) 处暑8月23日星期日12312341234123(17) 白露9月7日星期一初六初七初八初六初七初八初九初九初十十一十二十三十四十五(18) 秋分9月23日星期三4567891056789101156789101145678910(19) 寒露10月8日星期四初九初十十一十二十三十四十五初十十一十二十三十四十五十六十三十四十五十六十七十八十九十六十七十八十九二十廿一廿二(20) 霜降10月23日星期五11121314151617121314151617181213141516171811121314151617(21) 立冬11月7日星期六十六十七十八十九二十廿一廿二十七十八十九二十廿一廿二廿三二十廿一廿二廿三廿四廿五廿六廿三廿四廿五廿六廿七廿八廿九(22) 小雪11月22日星期日18192021222324192021222324251920212223242518192021222324(23) 大雪12月7日星期一廿三廿四廿五廿六廿七廿八廿九廿四廿五廿六廿七廿八廿九四月廿七廿八廿九六月初二初三初四九月初二初三初四初五初六初七(24) 冬至12月22日星期二25262728293031262728293026272829303125262728293031三十正月初二初三初四初五初六初二初三初四初五初六初五初六初七初八初九初十初八初九初十十一十二十三十四February February2月May May5月August August8月November November11月日一二三四五六日一二三四五六日一二三四五六日一二三四五六12345671211234567初七初八初九初十十一十二十三初七初八十一十五十六十七十八十九二十廿一89101112131434567892345678891011121314十四十五十六十七十八十九二十初九初十十一十二十三十四十五十二十三十四十五十六十七十八廿二廿三廿四廿五廿六廿七廿八1516171819202110111213141516910111213141515161718192021廿一廿二廿三廿四廿五廿六廿七十六十七十八十九二十廿一廿二十九二十廿一廿二廿三廿四廿五廿九三十十月初二初三初四初五22232425262728171819202122231617181920212222232425262728廿八廿九三十二月初二初三初四廿三廿四廿五廿六廿七廿八廿九廿六廿七廿八廿九七月初二初三初六初七初八初九初十十一十二24252627282930232425262728292930五月初二初三初四初五初六初七初四初五初六初七初八初九初十十三十四313031初八十一十二March March3月June June6月September September9月December December12月日一二三四五六日一二三四五六日一二三四五六日一二三四五六12345671234561234512345初五初六初七初八初九初十十一初九初十十一十二十三十四十三十四十五十六十七十五十六十七十八十九8910111213147891011121367891011126789101112十二十三十四十五十六十七十八十五十六十七十八十九二十廿一十八十九二十廿一廿二廿三廿四二十廿一廿二廿三廿四廿五廿六15161718192021141516171819201314151617181913141516171819十九二十廿一廿二廿三廿四廿五廿二廿三廿四廿五廿六廿七廿八廿五廿六廿七廿八廿九三十八月廿七廿八廿九十一月初二初三初四22232425262728212223242526272021222324252620212223242526廿六廿七廿八廿九三十三月初二廿九三十闰五月初二初三初四初五初二初三初四初五初六初七初八初五初六初七初八初九初十十一293031282930272829302728293031初三初四初五初六初七初八初九初十十一十二十二十三十四十五十六农历节日CHINESE FESTIVALS 正月初一春节(Spring Festival)正月十五元宵节(Lantern Festival)五月初五端午节(Dragon-Boat Festival)七月初七乞巧节(Double-Seventh Day)八月十五中秋节(Mid-Autumn Festival)农历九月初九重阳节(DoubleNinth Festival)农历腊月初八腊八节(Laba Rice Porridge Festival)腊月二十四传统扫房日(House Cleaning Day)。
铜绿假单胞菌耐药性分析及耐药基因检测
ＤＯＩ：１０．３７６０／ｃｍａ．ｊ．ｉｓｓｎ．１６７４ ２３９７．２００９．０３．００７基金项目：浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目（２００８Ａ１２９）作者单位：３１０００６杭州市第一人民医院检验科通信作者：周田美，Ｅｍａｉｌ：ｚｈｏｕｔｍｈｚ０５７１＠１６３．ｃｏｍ·论著·铜绿假单胞菌耐药性分析及耐药基因检测周田美 余道军 董晓勤 沈强 汪涛 童文娟 方翔 【摘要】 目的 观察杭州市第一人民医院临床分离的铜绿假单胞菌的耐药性变迁及相关耐药基因。
方法 采用ＷＨＯＮＥＴ软件对２００３—２００７年临床分离的１４８９株铜绿假单胞菌的药物敏感性试验结果进行统计分析；用琼脂稀释法测定１１种抗菌药物对３６株多药耐药铜绿假单胞菌的最低抑菌浓度（ＭＩＣ）；用ＰＣＲ法检测β 内酰胺酶、氨基糖苷类修饰酶等编码基因，并对ＰＣＲ扩增产物进行测序分析。
结果 铜绿假单胞菌对氨曲南、亚胺培南、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、哌拉西林、哌拉西林／他唑巴坦、头孢哌酮／舒巴坦、环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、庆大霉素和阿米卡星的耐药率由２００３年的１３ ４％、１０ ６％、８ ７％、７ ９％、１２ ７％、１２ ７％、６ ７％、１５ ８％、２０ ５％、２４ ７％和１０ ９％分别增至２００７年的３５ ３％、４０ ９％、１８ ４％、３２ ４％、３２ ９％、３２ ０％、２１ ９％、３７ ８％、３８ ６％、３９ ４％和３４ ８％；１１种抗菌药物对多药耐药铜绿假单胞菌的ＭＩＣ９０均≥１２８μｇ／ｍＬ。
３６株多药耐药铜绿假单胞菌中，β 内酰胺酶编码基因阳性占５８ ３％（２１／３６），氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因阳性占８８ ９％（３２／３６），ｏｐｒＤ２基因缺失率为８０ ６％（２９／３６）。
结论 铜绿假单胞菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药率呈增高趋势，多药耐药情况严重，临床上应给予高度重视。
多药耐药铜绿假单胞菌携带多种β 内酰胺酶编码基因及氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因，ｏｐｒＤ２基因的缺失率高。
2009年6月六级真题听力原文及试题详解
2009年6月六级真题听力原文及试题详解听力原文Section AShort conversation11. W: I forgot to tell you that Fred called last night to borrow your sleeping bag.M: Oh, I saw him at the gym this morning, but he didn’t say anything. So he must have asked somebody else.Q: What does the man imply?12. W: These summer days are getting to be more than I can take. It was even too hot to go to the pool yesterday.M: Hang in there. According to the weather report we should have some relief by the end of the week.Q: What does the man mean?13. W: Well, tonight we have Professor Brown in our studio to talk about the famous oil painting of Queen Victoria. Good evening, professor.M: Good evening, madam, my pleasure to be here tonight.Q: What is the woman doing?14. M: The plants next t o the window always look brown. You wouldn’t know by looking at them that I water them every week.W: Maybe they don’t like direct sunlight. I had the same problem with some of my plants. And a little shade helps them immensely.Q: What does the woman imply?15. M: I’m really exhausted, Mary. But I don’t want to miss the Hollywood movie that comes on at 11.W: If I were you, I’d skip it. We both have to get up early tomorrow. And anyway I’ve heard it’s not as exciting as advertised.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?16. M: Those modern sculptures over there are really weird. Don’t you think so?W：Well, I couldn’t stand them either at first. But now I’ve come to like modern art, particularly those sculptures carved by Italian artists.Q: What does the woman mean?17. M: I’m really glad our club decided to raise money for the children’s hospital. And most of the people we phoned seemed happy to contribute.W: Yeah! I agree. Now that we’ve gone through all the numbers on our list, I guess we can call it a day.Q: What do we learn about the speakers?18. M: Have you heard of Professor Smith? I’m thinking of taking an advanced engineering course with him. What do you think?W: Yeah! You really should. He’s published dozens of books so far, once been rec ommended as a textbook for postgraduates.Q: What does the woman imply?Long conversation oneW: You’re the editor of Public Eye. What kind of topics does your program cover?M: Well, there are essentially domestic stories. We don’t cover international stories. We don’t cover party politics or economics. We do issues of general social concern to our British audience. They can be anything from the future of the health service to the way the environment is going downhill.W: How do you choose the topic? Do y ou choose one because it’s what the public wants to know about or because it’s what you feel the public ought to know about?M: I think it’s a mixture of both. Sometimes you have a strong feeling that something is important and you want to see it examined and you want to contribute to a public debate. Sometimes people come to you with things they are worried about and they can be quite small things. They can be a story about corruption in local government, something they cannot quite understand, why it does n’t seem to be working out properly, like they are not having their litter collected properly or the dustbins emptied.W: How do you know that you’ve got a really successful program? One that is just right for the time?M: I think you get a sense about it after working in it in a number of years. You know which stories are going to get the attention. They are going to be published just the point when the public are concerned about that.Q19-2119. What kind of topics does Public Eye cover?20. How does Public Eye choose its topics?21. What factor plays an important role in running a successful program?Long conversation TwoW: Hi, Professor Smith. I hear you’ve written a book titled Visions.M: Yes. It explains how science will revolutionize the 21st century.W: Could I ask you some questions concerning the book?M: Sure.W: Are you optimistic about the future?M: Generally, yeah. If we go back to the year of 1900, most Americans didn’t live beyond the age of 50. Since then, we’ve had improvements in health care and technology. There is no reason why these won’t continue far into the 21st century.W: Are we ready for the changes that will come?M: Changes are already happening. The future is here now. We have DNA, microchips, the internet. Some p eople’s reaction is to say, we are too old; we don’t understand new technology. My reaction is to say, we must educate people to use new technology now.W: Is world population going to be a big problem?M: Yes, and no. I think that world population will stop increasing as we all get richer. If you are a part of the middle class, you don’t want or need 12 children.W: Will there be a world government?M: Very probably. We will have to manage the world and its resources on a global level because countries alone are too small.W: Will we have control of everything?M: I think we’ll learn to control the weather, volcanoes and earthquakes. I ll ness won’t exist. We’ll grow new livers, kidneys, hearts, and lungs like spare parts for a car. People will live to about 130 or 150. For 2000 years, we have tried to understand our environment. Now we’ll begin to controlit.Q22-25 are based on the conversation you just heard.22. What does Professor Smith say about most Americans around the year of 1900?23. What does Professor Smith advice we do?24. When will the world population stop growing according to Professor Smith?25. What does Professor Smith think human beings will be able to do?Passage 1Getting behind the wheel of a car can be an exciting new s tep in a teen’s life. But along with that excitement comes a new responsibility---understanding the need for common sense and maturity to avoid accidents. In an effort to spread awareness to teens across the nation, the Allstate Foundation sponsored a Keep-The-Drive Summit at Sunset Station on January 23rd. Students from Kennedy and Alamo Heights High schools participated in the summit which was held here for the first time. The goal of the year-long effort is to educate teens on the rules of safe driving and the severe consequences that can result if those rules are not followed, and then have them communicate that information to their peers. The students watched videos that told them about the numbers of teenage driving injuries and deaths. They listen to the videos as students from other cities share their stories of how their reckless driving affected not only their lives but also those of their passengers. “We are trying to create awareness in high schools across the countries,” said Westerman, an Allsta te representative, “we focus on changing how teens think behind the wheel.” According to the presentation, more teens die in automobile crashes in the United States each year than from drugs, violence, smoking and suicide. An average of 16 teens die every day in motor vehicle crashes and nearly forty percent of those are caused by speeding. Texas is the state with the most teen driving deaths according to the presentation. Students agreed that the statistics were amazing and made them think twice about how they drive.Questions 26 to 28 are based on the question you have just heard.Q26. For what purpose did the Allstate Foundation sponsor the Keep-The-Drive Summit?Q27. What causes the greatest number of deaths among American teens according to the presentation?Q28. What can we conclude about the Keep-The-Drive Summit?Passage 2Dr. Allen Hersh designs smells for businesses. He says that it doesn’t take a whole lot of smell to affect you. Store owners can lure you to the candy aisle, even if you don’t r ealize your are smelling candy. This idea scares a lot of people. Groups that protect the rights of shoppers are upset. They say the stores are using a kind of brainwashing which they call “smell-washing”. “It’s pretty dishonest,” says Mark Silbergeld. He runs an organization that checks out products for consumers. The scientists hired to design the scents disagree. “There’s soft background music. There’s special lighting. There’re all sorts of bells being used,” says Dr. Hersh, “why not smells?” “One reason why not,” says Silbergeld, “is that some people are allergic to certain scents pumped into products or stores.” But there is a whole other side to this debate, “do the smells really work?” So far, there is little proof one way or the other. But Dr. Hersh has run some interesting experiments. In one of Hersh’s experiments, 31 volunteers were led into a shoe store that smells slightly like flowers. Later, another group shopped in the same store, but with no flower odor. Dr.Hersh found that 84% of the shoppers were more likely to buy the shoes in the flower-scented room, but Hersh found out something even stranger. “Whether the volunteers like the flower scent or not didn’t matter,” Hersh says, “Some reported that they hated the smell, but they still were mo re likely to buy the shoes in the scented room.”Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.Q29. Why are some people against the use of smells to attract customers?Q30. What is Dr. Hersh’s attitude to the use of smells for business?Q31. What did Hersh’s experiment show?Passage 3This is Ray McCarthy with the news. Reports are coming in of a major train crash in Japan. A passenger train carrying hundreds of workers home from the center of Tokyo is reported to have hit an oncoming goods train. Both were traveling at high speed. Figures are not yet available but it is believed that the death toll could be as high as 300, with hundreds more injured. Emergency and rescue services rushed to the scene. But our reporter says it will take days to clear the track and to establish the numbers of the dead and injured. There was a similar accident on the same stretch of track four years ago.There was another bomb scare in a large London store last night during late night shopping. Following a telephone call to the police from an anonymous caller, hundreds of shoppers were shepherded out of the store while roads in the area were sealed off. Police dogs spent hours searching the store for a bag which the caller claimed contained 50 pounds of explosives. Nothing was found and the store was given the all-clear by opening time this morning. A police spokesman said that this was the third bomb scare within a week and that we should all be on our guard.And finally, the motoring organizations have issued a warning to drivers following the recent falls of snow in many parts of the country. Although the falls may be slight, they say extra care is needed.Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q32: What accident happened recently in Japan?Q33: What do the reports say about the recent accident in Japan?Q34: Why did people have to leave the London store last night?Q35: What did motoring organizations advise drivers to do?Section C Compound DictationEnglish is the leading international language. In different countries around the globe English is acquired as the mother tongue; in others it is used as a second language. Some nations use English as their official language, performing the function of administration; in others it is used as an international language for business, commerce and industry.What factors and forces have led to the spread of English? Why is English now considered to be so prestigious that, across the globe, individuals and societies feel disadvantaged if they do not have competence in this language? How has English changed through 1,500 years? These are some of the questions that you investigate when you study English.You also examine the immense variability of English and come to understand how it is used as a symbol of both individual identity and social connection. You develop in-depth knowledge of the intricate structure of the language. Why do some non-native speakers of English claim that it is adifficult language to learn, while infants born into English-speaking communities acquire their language before they learn to use forks and knives? At the university of Sussex, you are introduced to the nature and grammar of English in all its aspects. This involves the study of sound structures, the formation of words, the sequencing of words and the construction of meaning, as well as examination of the theories explaining these aspects of English usage. You are encouraged to develop your own individual responses to various practical and theoretical issues, which are raised by studying how speakers and writers employ English for a wide variety of purposes.真题详解Part ⅠWriting[写作点拔]①审题及布局。
M1 June 2009
Paper Reference(s)6677Edexcel GCEMechanics M1Advanced/Advanced SubsidiaryFriday 22 May 2009 - MorningTime: 1 hour 30 minutesMaterials required for examination Items included with question papersMathematical Formulae (Orange or Green)NilCandidates may use any calculator allowed by the regulations of the JointCouncil for Qualifications. Calculators must not have the facility for symbolicalgebra manipulation, differentiation and integration, or have retrievablemathematical formulae stored in them.Instructions to CandidatesIn the boxes on the answer book, write the name of the examining body (Edexcel), your centre number, candidate number, the unit title (Mechanics M1), the paper reference (6677), your surname, other name and signature.Whenever a numerical value of g is required, take g = 9.8 m s-2.When a calculator is used, the answer should be given to an appropriate degree of accuracy. Information for CandidatesA booklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.Full marks may be obtained for answers to ALL questions.There are 8 questions in this question paper.The total mark for this paper is 75.Advice to CandidatesYou must ensure that your answers to parts of questions are clearly labelled.You must show sufficient working to make your methods clear to the Examiner.Answers without working may not gain full credit.N34275A This publication may only be reproduced in accordance with Edexcel Limited copyright policy.©2009 Edexcel Limited.N34275A21.Three posts P , Q and R , are fixed in that order at the side of a straight horizontal road. The distance from P to Q is 45 m and the distance from Q to R is 120 m. A car is moving along the road with constant acceleration a m s –2. The speed of the car, as it passes P , is u m s –1. The car passes Q two seconds after passing P , and the car passes R four seconds after passing Q . Find(i) the value of u ,(ii) the value of a .(7)2. A particle is acted upon by two forces F 1 and F 2 , given byF 1 = (i – 3j ) N,F 2 = ( p i + 2p j ) N, where p is a positive constant.(a ) Find the angle between F 2 and j .(2)The resultant of F 1 and F 2 is R . Given that R is parallel to i ,(b ) find the value of p .(4)3.Two particles A and B are moving on a smooth horizontal plane. The mass of A is 2m and the mass of B is m . The particles are moving along the same straight line but in opposite directions and they collide directly. Immediately before they collide the speed of A is 2u and the speed ofB is 3u . The magnitude of the impulse received by each particle in the collision is 27mu.Find(a ) the speed of A immediately after the collision,(3) (b ) the speed of B immediately after the collision.(3)4. A small brick of mass 0.5 kg is placed on a rough plane which is inclined to the horizontal at anangle θ, where tan θ =4, and released from rest. The coefficient of friction between the brick3and the plane is1.3Find the acceleration of the brick.(9) 5.Figure 1A small box of mass 15 kg rests on a rough horizontal plane. The coefficient of friction betweenthe box and the plane is 0.2 . A force of magnitude P newtons is applied to the box at 50° to the horizontal, as shown in Figure 1. The box is on the point of sliding along the plane.Find the value of P, giving your answer to 2 significant figures.(9)6. A car of mass 800 kg pulls a trailer of mass 200 kg along a straight horizontal road using a lighttowbar which is parallel to the road. The horizontal resistances to motion of the car and the trailer have magnitudes 400 N and 200 N respectively. The engine of the car produces a constant horizontal driving force on the car of magnitude 1200 N. Find(a) the acceleration of the car and trailer,(3)(b) the magnitude of the tension in the towbar.(3)The car is moving along the road when the driver sees a hazard ahead. He reduces the force produced by the engine to zero and applies the brakes. The brakes produce a force on the car of magnitude F newtons and the car and trailer decelerate. Given that the resistances to motion are unchanged and the magnitude of the thrust in the towbar is 100 N,(c) find the value of F.(7)N34275A 37.Figure 2A beam AB is supported by two vertical ropes, which are attached to the beam at points P and Q,where AP = 0.3 m and BQ = 0.3 m. The beam is modelled as a uniform rod, of length 2 m and mass 20 kg. The ropes are modelled as light inextensible strings. A gymnast of mass 50 kg hangs on the beam between P and Q. The gymnast is modelled as a particle attached to the beam at the point X, where PX = x m, 0 < x < 1.4 as shown in Figure 2. The beam rests in equilibrium in a horizontal position.(a) Show that the tension in the rope attached to the beam at P is (588 – 350x) N.(3)(b) Find, in terms of x, the tension in the rope attached to the beam at Q.(3)(c) Hence find, justifying your answer carefully, the range of values of the tension which couldoccur in each rope.(3)Given that the tension in the rope attached at Q is three times the tension in the rope attached at P,(d) find the value of x.(3)N29492A48. [In this question i and j are horizontal unit vectors due east and due north respectively.]A hiker H is walking with constant velocity (1.2i – 0.9j) m s–1.(a) Find the speed of H.(2)Figure 3A horizontal field OABC is rectangular with OA due east and OC due north, as shown in Figure3. At twelve noon hiker H is at the point Y with position vector 100j m, relative to the fixedorigin O.(b) Write down the position vector of H at time t seconds after noon.(2)At noon, another hiker K is at the point with position vector (9i + 46j) m. Hiker K is moving with constant velocity (0.75i + 1.8j) m s–1.(c) Show that, at time t seconds after noon,= [(9 – 0.45t)i + (2.7t– 54)j] metres.(4)Hence,(d) show that the two hikers meet and find the position vector of the point where they meet.(5)TOTAL FOR PAPER: 75 MARKSENDN34275A 5。
2009年六月份电子月刊
埃及国民银行Array上海分行2009年六月号亲爱的朋友们和企业负责人，作为一家分行，我们致力于为在我们地区和中国间做生意的公司提供银行业务支持，我们共同见证着经济增长的势头，每个月都有令人激动的事发生。
这个月，我非常荣幸地宣布埃及国民银行上海分行与中埃联合商务理事会的合作正式开始。
中埃联合商务理事会（ECBC）是一个非盈利性组织，2002年由埃及和中国两方商务领导人为促进两国间的贸易及投资机会而成立。
现在我们分行开始了与理事会的直接合作，我行因此能够为他们的成员与我们的客户提供增值服务。
我相信这个双赢的合作也将极大地增加这两大国之间的贸易和投资机会。
我们的分行将提供咨询服务，协助理事会的成员们对他们的贸易伙伴进行尽职调查或信贷调查。
寻求适合的供货商或买方，构建投资交易，并设立上海办事处等。
此外，我行将提供市场信息，介绍其成员给我们的客户和来往的公司。
和中埃联合商务理事会的合作是我行与相关商务团体和协会建立合作关系的第一步，我们相信这将会为双方带来丰硕的果实。
并且在我行的下一月刊中，我们将会开始介绍理事会的主要成员给我们的读者，相信这将会激发潜在的商机，最终会为所有相关的单位带来繁荣。
敬请阅读，我很期待来自您的回馈意见。
谢谢！并向您致以美好祝愿！Yasser El Negouly亚瑟·恩·纳古里分行行长埃及国民银行，上海分行NATIONAL BANK OF EGYPT SHANGHAI BRANCH埃及埃及经济开始康复，录得4.5%的增长率6月12日经济发展部长奥斯曼·穆罕默德·奥斯曼确信三月埃及经济见证了自受到全球金融危机冲击以来的一次突破。
奥斯曼部长表示，专家预测2008/2009财政年度末经济增长率将达4.5%，显示了埃及经济将开始复苏和改善。
而政府的主要目标是采取多项措施和政策以使得埃及经济增长率回复到金融危机前的7%的水平。
中国和埃及增强战略合作6月16日中国和埃及周一保证将增加两国之间的战略合作，这项保证是由中国中央纪委书记贺国强在对埃及的三日访问中和埃及国际合作部长Fayza Abul Naga的会议中做出的。
2009年6月六级模拟题目答案及听力原文部分
【本书下载于派派论坛，如需更多好书，请访问】2009年6月六级模拟题目答案及听力原文部分Part I WritingThe Increase in the Number of Students Attending Graduate Entrance Exams It can be seen from the chart that there have been sharp increases in the number of students attending graduate entrance exams in University X in the past decade. As the chart shows, the year 1999 witnessed only 2,900 students taking part in the exams. In 2004, the number soared to nearly four thousand. In 2009, far more people prepared themselves for graduate study.A number of factors could account for the change in the chart, but the following might be the critical ones. First, due to the spreading financial crisis and economic recession in the past years, the number of job vacancies has been on a sharp decline. Secondly, as a result of expanded enrollments in many colleges and universities, the number of graduates has rocketed in China, which adds to the fierceness of competition in the job market. Last but not least, relevant state policies and the boom of higher education provide students with more opportunities to go after higher degrees.Personally, I would not pursue graduate study right upon graduation from college. The main reason is that I have not made up my mind on the field to major in. But I really deem it necessary for me to secure a master degree. So I would set my goal while I am working.Part ⅡReading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning）1. C2. B3. A4. D5. B6. C7. A8. higher-order passion9. your favorite activities10. team upPart III Listing Comprehension11-18 CBDD DACB19-22 BCAD23-25 DBC26-29 DCCB 30-32 DAB 33-35 DBD36．activity37. average38. temperature39. muscles40. breathing41. regular42. predominating43.conciousness.44. Your brain waves will show the large slow waves that are known as the delta rhythm.45. Your eyes will begin to dart around under your closed eyelids as if you were looking atsomething occurring In front of you.46. Provided that you do not wake up during the first sleep period, your body will soon relaxagain, your breathing will grow slow and regular once more.Part IV Reading Comprehension47. public ignorance48. determine one’s personality49. They claimed the radionic machine would broadcast the cure.50. curing the sicknesses51. People will look back on past medical practices with suspicion．Passage One52-56 ADBCCPassage Two57-61 DACBAPart V Cloze62-66 CBACB67-71 ADADB72-76 CADCD77-81 BCDABPart VI Translation82. wants to raise the rent by a third83. or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church84. the continued existence of the human race would be in jeopardy85. of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster-stricken area86.than she fell ill听力原文11. M: The view is spectacular. Could you take a picture of me with the mountains in thebackground?W: I'm afraid I just ran out of film.Q: What does the woman mean?12. W：It has always been hard to get this car into first gear, and now the clutch seems to beslipping.M：If you leave the car with me, I will fix it for you this afternoon.Q：Who is the woman probably speaking to?13. M: Can I borrow your calculus textbook? I left mine in the classroom. And it was gone when Iwent back.W: That happened to me once. I'd almost given up on finding it until I checked it at the lost-and-found at the information desk downstairs in the lobby.Q: What does the woman imply about the man should do?14. M: I'm really having trouble with this literature course. If I can't start doing better soon, I'mgoing to have to drop it.W: Why don't you get some help from the graduate assistant? That's what he's there for.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?15. W: I've been working on this report all day. And I've still got 12 pages to write. At this rate, I'llnever get it done by tomorrow.M: Oh, that's right. You weren't in class today, so you probably haven't heard that the deadline’s been extended a week.Q: What does the man imply?16. W: I don't think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.M: I know what you mean. But check out the cost of renting an apartment first, I wouldn't be surprised if you changed your mind.Q: What does the man think the woman will do?17. W: These mosquitoes bite are killing me. I c an’t help scratching.M: Next time you go camping, take some precaution, such as wearing long sleevesQ: Why does the man suggest the woman wear long sleeves?18. W: My brother is coming this weekend and I thought three of us could go out to dinnerSaturday night. Any suggestions?M: It's up to you. I don't know the restaurants around here that well. So you know a better place to go than me.Q: What does the man mean?Longer conversation oneW: This food is terrible. I can't even finish my dinner.M: I know. You think with all the money we pay for room and board, the university could hire a better food service. Where are you headed next?W: I'm going over to the student recreation center to play some bridge.M: You are spending your time on a card game?W: Not just any card game. It's one of the most strategic there is.M: So I've heard. Don't you play with a partner?W: Yeah. Four people play, two against the other two.M: So you try to play in cooperation with your partner.W: Actually, the cards of one of the four players are turned face up. That player is called the dummy.M: I wouldn't want to be called that. When you are the dummy what do you do while the cards are being played?W: Anything you want. Sit there and study, shuffle another deck, get snacks for everyone. I like to stand behind my partner and watch.M: You know, I've heard that bridge is habit forming. You should be careful not to play so much that you don't get your studying done.W: Don't worry about me. I only play Thursdays after dinner, and sometimes when they need a fourth player. If you like, I could teach you.M: Thanks. But I have a pretty heavy workload this term. I already spend my evenings learning things I don't really know.Q19.Where does the conversation take place?Q20.How does the woman plan to spend her evening?Q21.What will the woman probably do if she is the dummy?Q22.Why doesn't the man accept the woman's offer?Longer conversation twoM: So, Claire, you’re into drama!W: Yes, I have a master’s degree in drama and theatre. At the moment, I’m hoping to get onto a PhD program.M: What excites you about drama?W: Well, I find it’s a communicative way to study people and you learn how to read people in drama. So usually I can understand what people are saying even though they might be lying.M: That would be useful.W: Yeah, it’s very useful for me as well. I’m in English lecture, so use a lot of drama in my classes such as role plays. And I ask my students to create mini-dramas. They really respond well. At the moment, I’m hoping to get onto a Ph.D course. I’d like to concentrate on Asian drama and try to bring Asian theatre to the world’s attention. I don’t know how successful I would be, but, here’s hoping.M: Oh, I’m sure you’ll be successful. Now, Claire, what do you do fo r stage fright?W: Ah, stage fright! Well, many actors have that problem. I get stage fright every time I’m going to teach a new class. The night before, I usually can’t sleep.M: What? For teaching?W: Yes. I get really bad stage fright. But the minute I step into the classroom or get onto the stage, it just all falls into place. Then I just feel like: Yeah, this is what I mean to do. And I’m fine.M: Wow, that’s cool!Q23. Why does the woman find study in drama and theatre useful?Q24. How did the woman’s students respond to her way of teaching English?Q25. What does the woman say about her stage fright?Passage 1OK, in the last class we talked about the classification of trees and we ended up with a basic description of angiosperm. You remember that those are plants with true flowers and seeds that develop into fruits. The common broad leaf trees we have on campus fall into this category. But our pines don't. Now I hope you all followed my advice and wore comfortable shoes because as I said today we are going to do a little field study. To get started let me describe a couple of broadleaf trees we have in front of us. I'm sure you've all noticed that this big tree next to BrettHall. It's a black walnut that must be 80 feet tall. As a matter of fact there is a plaque identifying. It is the tallest black walnut in the state. And from here we can see the beautiful archway of trees at the commons. They are American elms. The ones along the commons were planted when the college was founded 120 years ago. They have distinctive dark green leaves that lock lopsided because the two sides of the leaf are unequal. I want you to notice the elm right outside the Jackson Hall. Some of the leaves have withered and turned yellow, maybe due to Dutch elm disease. Only a few branches seem affective so far but if this tree is sick it'll have to be cut down. Well, let's move on and I'll describe what we see as we go.Q26. What are the students going to do during this class period?Q27. In what class is this lecture probably being given?Q28. What is remarkable about the black walnut tree outside Brett Hall?Q29. What is the problem with the elm tree near Jackson Hall?Passage 2What was the most popular mix about the United States in the 19th Century was that of the free and simple life of the farmer. It was said that the farmers worked hard on their own land to produce whatever their families' needed. They might sometimes trade with their neighbors, but in general they could get along just fine by relying on themselves, not on commercial ties with others. This is how Thomas Jefferson idealized the farmers at the beginning of the 19th century. And at that time, this may have been close to the truth especially on the frontier. But by the mid century sweeping changes in agriculture were well under way as farmers began to specialized in the raising of crops such as cotton or corn or wheat. By late in the century revolutionary invents in farm machinery has vastly increased the production of specialized crops and extensive network of railroads had linked farmers throughout the country to market in the east and even overseas. By raising and selling specialized crops, farmers could afford more and finer goods and achieved much higher standard of living but at a price. Now farmers were no longer dependent just on the weather and their own efforts, their lives were increasing controlled by the banks, which had powder to grant or deny loans for new machinery, and by the railroads which set the rates for shipping their crops to the market. As businessmen, farmers now had to worry about national economic depression and the implement of world supply and demand on for example, the of price of wheat in hands. And so by the end of the 19th century, the era of Jefferson's independent farmerhad come to a close.Q30. What is the main topic of the talk?Q31. According to the professor, what was the major change in the agriculture during the 19th century?Q32. According to the professor, what was one result of the increased use of machinery on farms of the United States?Passage 3It is common knowledge that music can have a powerful effect on our emotions. In fact, since 1930s, music therapists have relied on music to soothe patients and help control pain. Now psychologists are confirming that music can also help relieve depression and improve concentration. For instance, in a recent study, 15 surgeons were given some highly stressed math problems to solve. They were divided into three groups: one worked in silence, and in another, the surgeons listened to music of their choice on headphones; the third listened to classic music chosen by the researchers. The results of the study may surprise you. The doctors who got to choose their music experienced less stress and scored better than the others. One possible explanation is that listening to music you like stimulates the Alfa-wave in the brain, increases the heart rate and expands the breathing. That helps to reduce stress and sharpen concentration. Other research suggests a second relation between th e music and the brain: by examining the students’ blood after they listening to a variety of classic music collections, the researchers found that some students showed a large increase in endorphin, a natural pain reliever, this supports what music therapists have known for years: Music can help rejuvenate or soothe the patient.Q33. According to the speaker how is the music therapy currently used in medicine?Q34. What did the study done with surgeons show?Q35. In the study of students exposed to classic music, what effect did the music have?Section C Compound DictationSleep is part of a person's daily 36activity cycle. There are several different stages of sleep and they occur in cycles, If you are an 37average sleeper, your sleep cycle is as follows. When you first drift off into slumber, your eyes will roll about a bit, your 38temperature will drop slightly, your 39muscles will relax, and your 40 breathing will slow and become quite 41regular. Yourbrain waves slow down a bit too with the alpha rhythm of rather fast waves 42predominating for the first few minutes. This is called stage 1 sleep. For the next half hour or so as you relax more and more you will drift down through stage 2 and stage 3 sleep. The lower your stage of sleep the slower your brain waves will be. Then about 40 to 60 minutes after you lose 43consciousness you will have reached the deepest sleep of all. 44Your brain waves will show the large slow waves that are known as the delta rhythm. This is stage 4 sleep.This period of rapid eye movement lasts for some ~ to 15 minutes and is called REM sleep. It is during REM sleep that most dreams seem to occur. 46Provided that you do not wake up during the first sleep period, your body will soon relax again, your breathing will grow slow and regular once more .You will slip gently back from stage I to 4 .【本书下载于派派论坛，如需更多好书，请访问】。
2009年日历
周次
4 2 3 3 1 3 2 2 4
200
10月31日 万圣节 11月14日 世界糖尿病日 感恩节 12月1日 世界艾滋病日 12月3日 国际残疾人日 12月4日 中国法制宣传日 12月5日 国际志愿人员日 12月7日 国际民航日 12月10日 世界人权日 12月25日 圣诞节 8月1日 建军节 12月13日 日军南京大屠杀 海船 8月6日 交电视信息费 3月28日 1月18日 3月21日 9月28日 黎学东驾驶证年审
10 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 8 12 8 3 1 3 9
31 14 1 3 4 5 7 10 25 1 13 6 28 18 21 28
起始日期 月/周/日
2009-1-1 2008-9-18 2008-9-13 2008-3-8 周 周 周 周 月 月
农历纪事
正月初一 正月十五 二月初二 五月初五 七月初七 七月十五 八月十五 九月初九 腊月初八 腊月廿三 正月初二 春节2 元宵节 龙抬头节 端午节 七夕情人节 鬼节 中秋节 重阳节 腊八节 小年节 春节2 1 1 2 5 7 7 8 9 12 12 1 1 15 2 5 7 15 15 9 8 23 2
日期
1月1日 2月2日 2月14日 3月8日 3月15日 3月21日 4月1日 3月22日 3月23日 3月24日 4月1日 4月5日 4月7日 4月22日 4月26日 5月1日 5月4日 5月8日 5月12日 5月15日 5月17日 5月18日 5月31日 6月1日 6月5日 6月17日 6月20日 6月23日 6月26日 7月1日 7月11日 9月8日 9月10日 9月16日 9月20日 9月27日 10月1日 10月4日 10月9日 10月14日 10月15日 10月16日 10月17日
25 September 2009 - Hydrodec - Interim results to June 2009
Hydrodec Group plc 020 8528 1015Neil Gaskell, ChairmanMark McNamara, Chief ExecutiveMike Preen, Company SecretaryNumis Securities Limited 020 7260 1000Nominated Adviser: Simon BlankCorporate Broker: David Poutney / Alex HamCurve PR 07764 197003Emma DavisCHIEF EXECUTIVE'S REPORTThe first half of 2009 has been a difficult operating period resulting in the Group reporting a disappointing operating loss due in part to the steep decline in oil prices at the end of 2008 and the beginning of the year, a longer than anticipated ramp up of the Canton plant and slower sales in the Australian market.Since the impact of the rapid decline in oil prices was identified and announced to the market in February, there has been some recovery in the pricing though it remains below the levels experienced in 2008. In response to this the Company has agreed pricing mechanisms on the purchase of feedstock and sales of SUPERfine that give the Group greater protection against future price fluctuations.Management has also identified and resolved the operating issues experienced at the Canton plant and it is now operating consistently at approximately 60,000 litres a day. Production for the third quarter of 2009 is expected to be greater than the entire first half of 2009 and all current year production is fully committed to sales. The response to the Company's SUPERfine brand in the US continues to be positive. The Australian operation has developed its market more slowly in the period than had been hoped but the plant has operated well and changes made during the third quarter are beginning to produce improvements so that the potential of the plant can be fully exploited.The result for the half year has been reported in US dollars, compared with previous reporting in Sterling. The Board has taken the view that the presentational currency for the Group should be US dollars reflecting not only the importance of the US operations to the Group but also that the US dollar is the currency most widely used around the world in oil pricing. The comparative information has been restated to reflect US dollar values.Results for six months ended 30 June 2009Turnover for the period increased by 10% over the first half of 2008 to USD$4.5 million (2008: USD$4.1 million), with an overall loss of USD$5.0 million (2008: USD$3.7 million). The operating loss includes USD$1.1 million of depreciation and amortisation (2008: USD$1.0 million). Net assets decreased by 8% to USD $50.4 million (30 June 2008: USD $54.3 million).high level PCB destruction process to be granted a licence based upon nil emissions. TechnologyThe patent originally held by CSIRO in respect of the Hydrodec technology (which to date has been licensed globally to Hydrodec) has now been assigned to Hydrodec's Australian operating subsidiary, and that patent shall be re-registered in Hydrodec's name in all relevant jurisdictions. PlacingHydrodec performed placings of new shares in February (19,230,114) as well as in June (22,857,153) in order to raise a total of £5.1 million to fund, primarily, the ongoing working capital requirements of the Group.DisposalsDuring the period Hydrodec disposed of its condition monitoring business for AUD$0.8 million and the Molectra shares, which were acquired as part of the Virotec acquisition, for £0.3 million. These disposals produced cash without affecting the core business of the Group and neither had a material effect on the Group's results or financial position for the period.Following the difficulties experienced in the first half of the year, the Board believes that it is no longer possible for the Group to make a full year profit. However, we believe that the Group will be at or about breakeven at an operating profit level for the second half of 2009.Mark McNamaraChief Executive25 September 2009UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED INCOME STATEMENT6 months to30 June20096 months to30 June2008USD$'000USD$'000 Continuing operationsRevenue4,5204,064 Cost of sales(2,228)(989)-----------------------------------------------Gross profit2,2923,075 Administrative costs(6,134)(5,637)-----------------------------------------------Operating loss(3,842)(2,562) Interest income1422Interest costs (1,154)(1,567)-----------------------------------------------Loss before tax(4,995)(3,707) Income tax expense-------------------------------------------------Loss for the period(4,995)(3,707)============================= Basic loss per share(2.16)(2.00)============================= UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOMELoss for the period(4,995)(3,707) Exchange differences on translation of foreignoperations7,740903---------------------------------------Total comprehensive income for the period2,745(2,804)======================== UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION6 months to 30June 20096 months to 30June 2008USD$'000USD $'000 Non-current assetsProperty, plant and equipment25,09019,506 Goodwill3,4594,141 Investment - Molectra-4,440 Other intangible assets24,81925,822 Prepaid royalty4,1185,391------------------------------------57,48659,300------------------------------------Current assetsInventories587211 Trade and other receivables2,9673,005Other current assets105-Cash and cash equivalents4,97817,922------------------------------------8,63721,138------------------------------------Total assets66,12380,438------------------------------------Current liabilitiesTrade and other payables4,86913,162Short-term provisions53233------------------------------------Total current liabilities4,92213,395------------------------------------Non-current liabilitiesLong-term borrowings7,3808,598 Deferred tax liabilities3,4604,141------------------------------------Total non-current liabilities10,84012,739------------------------------------Total liabilities15,76226,134------------------------------------Net assets 50,36154,304========================Equity attributable to equity holders of theparentShare capital2,5332,656Share premium account52,85347,591Equity reserve16,24019,013Merger reserve49,46359,189 Treasury reserve(44,655)(53,085) Employee benefit trust(1,345)(1,609)Option reserve5,4745,363Profit and loss account(38,093)(25,805) Translation reserve7,891991------------------------------------Total equity50,36154,304======================== UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITYShare Share Equity MergerForeignexchange Profit and lossShareoption TreasuryEmployeebenefitShare capitalSharepremiumEquityreserveMergerreserveexchangereserveProfit and lossaccountoptionreserveTreasuryreservebenefittrust Total$'000$000$000$000$000$000$000$000$000$000 At 1 January 20081,92237,75918,998-306(22,000)4,915-(564)41,336 Exchange differences-35115-685(98)(401)351-903Loss for the period-----(3,707)---(3,707) Acquisition622--59,189(53,436)6,375 Share-based payment------849--849 Issue of shares1009,866-------9,966Issue of convertibleloan12--------12Issue costs-(385)-------(385) Purchase of shares--------(1,045)(1,045) At 30 June 20082,65647,59119,01359,189991(25,805)5,363(53,085)(1,609)54,304At 1 January 20092,01438,50613,64843,0644,992(28,203)4,210(38,878)(1,170)38,183Exchange differences2996,3362,0286,3992,899(4,895)626(5,777)(175)7,740 Loss for the period----(4,995)---(4,995) Share-based payment------638--638 Issue of shares2108,054-------8,264 Issue costs-(408)-------(408) Conversion of loanstock10365564------939 At 30 June 20092,53352,85316,24049,4637,891(38,093)5,474(44,655)(1,345)50,361 UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWSNote6 monthsended30 June20096 monthsended30 June2008 USD$'000 USD$'000Cashflows from operating activitiesLoss before tax(4,995) (3,707) Depreciation584 488 Amortisation of other intangible assets536 522 Finance costs1,153 1,145 Profit on disposal of assets(533) - Share based payment expense638 425 Foreign exchange movement(490) 684 Increase in inventories(452) 53 (Increase)/decrease in amounts receivable(113) 1,467 Increase/(decrease) in amounts payable1,419 (2,290) Net cash outflow from operating activities(2,253) (1,212)Cashflows from investing activitiesPurchase of property plant and equipment(1,557) (6,325) Purchase of investment- (8,195)Sale of property, plant and equipment487 -Sale of Investment432 - Interest paid(15) (330)Bank interest and other income received 5 399Net cash outflow from investing activities(648) (14,450) Cashflows from financing activitiesIssue of new shares8,264 9,966 Costs of share issue(408) (385) Repayment of lease liabilities(80) (174)Net cash inflow from financing7,776 9,407 Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents4,875 (6,255) Movement in net cashOpening cash and cash equivalents103 24,177 Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents4,875 (6,255) Closing cash and cash equivalents4,978 17,922NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED INTERIM REPORT1 BASIS OF PREPARATIONHydrodec Group plc is the Group's ultimate parent company. It is incorporated and domiciled in Great Britain. Hydrodec Group plc's shares are listed on the Alternative Investment Market of the London Stock Exchange.Hydrodec's consolidated interim financial statements are presented in United States Dollar (USD$), which is also the functional currency of the group.These consolidated condensed interim financial statements have been approved for issue by the Board of Directors on 24 September 2009.The interim consolidated financial statements for the six months ended 30 June 2009 have been prepared under applicable International Financial Reporting Standards adopted by the European Union ("IFRS") which include International Accounting Standards and interpretations issued by the International Accounting Standards Board and its committees, which are expected to be endorsed by the European Union. This interim financial information has been prepared on the historical cost basis. The accounting policies applied are consistent with those adopted and disclosed in the annualbasis. The accounting policies applied are consistent with those adopted and disclosed in the annual financial statements for the period ended 31 December 2008.The financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis, which assumes that the group will have sufficient funds to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. The group has constructed the Canton, Ohio, plant and is in the process of bringing the plant tofull production capacity. Currently, the group is economically dependent upon the ability of this plant to produce sufficient SUPERfine oil at satisfactory margins to sustain adequate cash flowto meet the group's requirements. The Directors are satisfied that at current margins and if production continues at its current levels, the Group's operating cash flow requirements will be met. However, margins are affected by, amongst other things, the world price for oil, aboutwhich there is material uncertainty, and which is beyond the control of the Directors.The Directors believe that it is appropriate to prepare the financial statements on a going concern basis as they believe that the operating parameters outlined above will be met or exceeded. The financial information is unaudited and has not been reviewed by the auditor.2 PUBLICATION OF NON-STATUTORY ACCOUNTSThe financial information set out in this interim report does not constitute statutory accounts as defined in Section 435 of the Companies Act 2006.3 TAXATIONThere is no tax charge for the period.4 EARNINGS PER SHARE6 monthsended 30 June 20096 monthsended 30 June 2008USD$'000USD$'000 Loss for the financial period(4,995)(3,707)Number of sharesNumber of sharesWeighted average number of shares inissue*230,755,436185,611,148 * The weighted average shares on issue have beenreduced by the weighted average number of Treasuryand EBT shares held.Basic loss per share(2.16) cents(2.00) cents5 RECONCILIATION OF MOVEMENT IN SHAREHOLDERS' FUNDSAs at30 June 2009No. AuthorisedOrdinary shares of 0.5 pence each800,000,000 Issued and fully paid - ordinary shares of 0.5 pence eachAt 31 December 2008277,824,101 Issued on conversion of convertible loan notes1,973,684 Issued for cash42,087,267At 30 June 2009321,885,042 The company issued the following 0.5 pence ordinary shares during the period:Date of issue Number of shares Issue price Total consideration£20 February 200919,230,11410 pence1,923,011 12 June 20091,973,68419 pence375,000 25 June 200922,857,15314 pence3,200,0005,498,011This information is provided by RNSThe company news service from the London Stock ExchangeEND。
2009年度(平成21年度)
Shizuoka University Special Admission for Foreign private studentsfor autumn enrollment 2009Faculty of Engineering, Overseas ExaminationEligibility Check (Application) Form1. Name in full(In Roman block capitals)Family name First name Middle name______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________Sex: Male [ ] Female [ ]2. Nationality______________________________________________________________________________ 3. Date of birth (Age: as of October 1, 2009)Year Month Day [ Age ]19____________________________________[_____]4. Present address (In Roman Block)______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________5. Telephone/Facsimile number & E-mail addressTelephone/Facsimile number _______________________________________________ E-mail address ___________________________________________________________6. Purpose for admission(In Japanese or in English: Be as detailed and concrete as possible.)______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 7. Field of study specialized (Give priority order 1 to 3)Department of Mechanical Engineering [ ]Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering [ ]Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering [ ]8. EJU scoreExamination date and locationDate: yy _________ mm _________ dd _________Location (name of the city): ________________________________________ Examinee’s number: __________________________________________Scores Mathematics (Course 2): _________________Physics: _________________Chemistry: _________________Japanese as a Foreign Language: _________________9. JLPT score (in case of examinee)Examination date and locationDate: yy _________ mm _________ dd _________Location (name of the city): ______________________________________ Examinee’s number: __________________________________________Certificates of Proficiency Level _____ with score _______________10. English score (one of below)TOEIC: _________________ TOEFL(CBT): _________________TOEFL(iBT): _________________ IELTS: _________________11. Educational background1) Elementary Education / Elementary schoolName of School: __________________________________________________________ Address of School: _______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Scheduled necessary study years for graduation: ______________Year and Month of Entrance yy _______________ mm _________Year and Month of Completion yy _______________ mm _________2) Secondary Education / Lower Secondary schoolName of School: __________________________________________________________ Address of School: _______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Scheduled necessary study years for graduation: ______________Year and Month of Entrance yy _______________ mm _________Year and Month of Completion yy _______________ mm _________3) Secondary Education / Upper Secondary schoolName of School: __________________________________________________________ Address of School: _______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Scheduled necessary study years for graduation: ______________Year and Month of Entrance yy _______________ mm _________Year and Month of Completion yy _______________ mm _________4) Higher Education / University or college (if any)Name of School: __________________________________________________________ Address of School: _______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Scheduled necessary study years for graduation: ______________Year and Month of Entrance yy _______________ mm _________Year and Month of Completion yy _______________ mm _________5) Japanese Education / Japanese Language schoolName of School: __________________________________________________________ Address of School: _______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Scheduled necessary study years for completion ( if scheduled): __________Lectures: ________________ hours/weekYear and Month of Entrance yy _______________ mm _________Year and Month of Completion yy _______________ mm _________The items below do not affect the result of the examination12. Person who supports your studying abroad (The information is used onlyfor immigration procedure.)(Name in full, in Roman block capitals)Family name First name Middle name __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________Age [ ] Address: _________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Relationship: ____________________Occupation: ________________________________________________Possible annual amount of support in JPY: ¥__________________________13. Health conditionIs your health condition good enough to study in the university?Yes_____, No_____Send this form to:NIFEE office, Kyomu-KakariFaculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University3-5-1 Johoku, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, 432-8561 Japan[E-mail] nifee@adb.shizuoka.ac.jp。
2009地质年代表
13
C13
160
35
17 18
C17
37.2
RAPID POLARITY CHANGES
15 C15 16 C16
L
PRIABONIAN
170
400
MIDDLE
SIDERIAN
2500 2500
ORDOVICIAN SILURIAN
BARTONIAN
C18
40
420
L M E L M E Furongian Series 3 Series 2 Terreneuvian
JURASSIC
M25 M29
LATE
KIMMERIDGIAN OXFORDIAN CALLOVIAN BATHONIAN BAJOCIAN AALENIAN TOARCIAN
183 156 161 165 168 172 176
385 392 398 407 411 416 419 421 423 426 428 436 439 444 446 455 461 468 472 479 488 492 496 501 503 507 510 517 521 3250 3000 2250 2300
AGE
AGE (Ma)
EON
ERA
PERIOD
BDY. AGES (Ma)
542
1 2
C1 C2
PLEISTOCENE PLIOCENE
2A C2A
GELASIAN PIACENZIAN
70
30 C30 31 C31 32 C32
MAASTRICHTIAN CAMPANIAN
L
PERMIAN
CRETACEOUS
145.5 151
数字信号处理器中加法器设计
High Performance Re-configurable Adder Design for Digital Signal Processor
MA Hong, LI Zhen-wei, PENG Si-long
(National ASIC Design Engineering Research Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080)
3 改进型支持可重构CCS
在当前高性能处理器中，时钟频率不断升高，同时开始 支持子字并行，加法器的性能很重要。本文描述的该款支持 可重构 16 位进位选择加法器可轻松扩展为 32 位或者 64 位快 速加法器。16 位加法器分成 2 个进位块，每个进位块采用对 数级联的形式，下面以第 1 个进位块为例，描述 Ci (if Cj=0) 和 Ci (if Cj=1)是如何产生的。第 1 个进位块的进位输出信号 分别是 C0, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7，最低位进位信号为 Cin。
2009 史诺比日历
日一二三四五六日一二三四五六日一二三四五六12312345671234567初六初七初八初七初八立春初十十一十二十三初五初六初七初八驚蟄初十十一45678910891011121314891011121314初九小寒十一十二十三十四十五十四元宵十六十七十八十九二十十二十三十四十五十六十七十八111213141516171516171819202115161718192021十六十七十八十九二十廿一廿二廿一廿二廿三雨水廿五廿六廿七十九二十廿一廿二廿三春分廿五181920212223242223242526272822232425262728廿三廿四大寒廿六廿七廿八廿九廿八廿九三十二月初二初三初四廿六廿七廿八廿九三十三月初二25262728293031293031除夕初一初二初三初四初五初六初三初四初五日一二三四五六日一二三四五六日一二三四五六123412123456初六初七初八清明節勞動節佛誕初九初十十一十二芒種十四567891011345678978910111213初十十一十二十三十四十五十六初九初十立夏十二十三十四十五十五十六十七十八十九二十廿一121314151617181011121314151614151617181920十七十八十九二十廿一廿二廿三母親節十七十八十九二十廿一廿二廿二廿三廿四廿五廿六廿七廿八192021222324251718192021222321222324252627廿四穀雨廿六廿七廿八廿九四月廿三廿四廿五廿六小滿廿八廿九父親節三十閏5月初二初三初四初五262728293024252627282930282930初二初三初四初五初六五月初二初三初四初五初六初七初六初七初八31初八日一二三四五六日一二三四五六日一二三四五六1234112345回歸初十十一十二十一十三十四十五十六十七56789101123456786789101112十三十四小暑十六十七十八十九十二十三十四十五十六立秋十八十八白露二十廿一廿二廿三廿四12131415161718910111213141513141516171819二十廿一廿二廿三廿四廿五廿六十九二十廿一廿二廿三廿四廿五廿五廿六廿七廿八廿九三十八月192021222324251617181920212220212223242526廿七廿八廿九六月大暑初三初四廿六廿七廿八廿九三十初二初三初二初三初四秋分初六初七初八2627282930312324252627282927282930初五初六初七初八初九初十處暑初五初六七夕情人初八初九初十初九初十十一十二3031十一十二日一二三四五六日一二三四五六日一二三四五六123123456712345國慶十四中秋節十五十六十七十八十九二十立冬十五十六十七十八十九456789108910111213146789101112十六十七十八十九寒露廿一廿二廿二廿三廿四廿五廿六廿七廿八二十大雪廿二廿三廿四廿五廿六111213141516171516171819202113141516171819廿三廿四廿五廿六廿七廿八廿九廿九三十十月初二初三初四初五廿七廿八廿九11月大初二初三初四181920212223242223242526272820212223242526九月初二初三初四初五霜降初七小雪初七初八初九感恩節十一十二初五初六冬至初八初九初十十一252627282930312930272829303112初八重陽初十十一十二十三十四十三十四十二十三十四十五十六十七十八3456789十九二十廿一廿二廿三廿四廿五812一January 月二February 月六June 月49135三 March 月6107111142141823四 April 月五 May 月3151924162025172126182227七July 月八August 月九September 月27313628323729333830343931354036十October 月十一November 月十二December 月404448524145494246501234347514448。
英语的日期格式-2009
英语的日期格式2009-12-29 10:52 一、书写方面先看下面的两个例子：1. 1986 年10 月23 日→October 23(rd), 1986 2. 2002 年1 月17 日→January 17(th), 2002 从上面的例子可以看出，英语日期的表达与汉语不同。
英语表达的顺序为\"月、日、年\"，因此2004 年11 月8 日就可写成November 8th, 2004，还可表示为November eighth, 2004。
另外，也可写成\"日、月、年\"，8th November, 2004 即the eighth of November, 2004。
1）“日子”用基数词和序数词都可以接受如：March 28th, 2009 / March 28, 2009 2)“月份”和“日子”可以换位英式：28 March, 2009 美式：March 28，2009 3）缩写时容易造成误解，英式：“日/月/年”；美式“月/日/年” 如：2009 年 3 月1 日英式缩写：01/03/2009 美式缩写：03/01/2009 两种方法都存在，英式写法的顺序比较受欢迎，国际使用较多。
二、朗读方面在朗读时，\"月份\"一般直接用英语读出；\"日\"则要读成\"the + 序数词\"；读年份时，一般分为两个单位来读，前两个数为一个单位，后两个数为一个单位。
如：1982 年读作nineteen eighty-two, 1900 年读作nineteen hundred。
如果是三位数，先读第一位，再把后两个数合起来读。
如：984 年可读为nine eighty-four,757 年读成seven fifty-seven。
另外，像2000 年一般读成two thousand, 2001 年则读成two thousand and one,以此类推，2004 年应读成two thousand and four。
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This document consists of 12 printed pages.IB09 06_9708_01/3RP© UCLES 2009[Turn over*5574166390*UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of EducationAdvanced Subsidiary Level and Advanced LevelECONOMICS 9708/01Paper 1 Multiple Choice (Core) May/June 20091 hourAdditional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet Soft clean eraserSoft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRSTWrite in soft pencil.Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.Write your n ame, Cen tre n umber an d can didate n umber on the An swer Sheet in the spaces provided unless this has been done for you.There are thirty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four possible answers A , B , C and D .Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate Answer Sheet.Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully.Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer. Any rough working should be done in this booklet.© UCLES 2009 9708/01/M/J/091 Three women work in a pottery workshop, each dividing their time equally between threeproducts. The table shows how many units of each product are made.Later, division of labour is introduced and each woman makes only the product in which she hasabsolute advantage.What is the rise in total output? A 150 unitsB 300 unitsC 600 unitsD 900 units2 The diagram shows two production possibility curves (EF and GH), before and after technological progress has taken place.G EXconsumer goodscapital goodsAfter technological progress has taken place, what is the opportunity cost in capital goods of producing OX consumer goods? A MHB OHC OMD YF3What must be true of a positive statement?A It is one that can be shown to be correct or incorrect.B It is one that deals with positive changes in economic well being.C It is one that is true by definition.D It is one with which everyone is in agreement.4In 2001, the Argentinian economy was in serious economic difficulties. At this time, Argentinians made everyday purchases using the country’s currency, the peso, but saved money in US dollars.Which functions were the two currencies carrying out in Argentina in this case?peso USdollarA medium of exchange standard for deferred paymentsB medium of exchange store of valueC unit of account standard for deferred paymentsD unit of account store of value5 What is not held constant when aggregating individual firms’ supply curves to give the marketsupply curve?A the number of firms in the industryB the price of the productC the prices of factors of productionD the state of technology6The table shows the demand for tickets for a concert.price of tickets$quantity demanded20 600030 500040 400050 3000The capacity of the concert hall is 6000.What price should be charged to maximise total revenue?A $20B $30C $40D $50© UCLES 2009 9708/01/M/J/09 [Turn over7The table shows the demand and supply schedules for a good before and after the imposition ofa tax.price ($)quantitydemandedquantity suppliedbefore taxquantity suppliedafter tax20 340 440 38019 340 430 34018 340 410 29017 340 380 23016 340 340 16015 340 290 8014 340 230 0What was the amount of the tax?A $1B $2C $3D $48 The price elasticity of demand for a product is constant and equal to unity.Which curve in the diagram shows the relationship between total expenditure on the product and its price?totalexpenditureprice9In the UK, attempts to encourage people to change from road to rail travel by the introduction of a system of road pricing were forecast to fail because ‘people like using their cars too much’.How would this forecast be explained?A The price elasticity of demand for cars is high.B The price elasticity of demand for petrol is high.C The price elasticity of demand for rail travel is low.D The price elasticity of demand for car travel is low.© UCLES 2009 9708/01/M/J/09© UCLES 2009 9708/01/M/J/09[Turn over10 The table shows changes in a consumer’s expenditure on various goods when his incomeincreases from $20 000 to $24 000.goodincome $20 000:amount spent on good ($) income $24 000:amount spent on good ($)W 10096 X 100 100 Y 200 224 Z 200248Assuming all else remains unchanged, for which goods is the consumer’s income elasticity of demand greater than 1.0?A W onlyB Z onlyC W and Z onlyD W, Y and Z11 The diagram shows a country’s domestic supply of, and demand for, a commodity that it bothconsumes and exports.WP WP quantitypriceThe world price changes from WP 1 to WP 2.What are the resulting changes in domestic consumption and exports?domestic consumptionquantity of exportsA OX to OZ OY to OXB OX to OZ OY to OZC OY to OW YX to WZD OY to OWYX to OZ12Between 2006 and 2007, the price of skimmed milk powder on the world market rose from $1000 per tonne to $2400 per tonne.Assuming that the market is a free market, what will result from the price change?A Consumers will buy more complements to skimmed milk powder.B Farmers will increase the size of their dairy herds to supply more milk.C Firms processing milk into skimmed milk will switch to producing substitutes.D Governments will introduce a system of rationing.13Which statement indicates that the price mechanism is allocating resources successfully?A Belgian chocolate companies increase supplies to China because of higher than expectedsales.B Train operators in India lower fares because of overcrowding on trains.C US supermarkets throw away large amounts of food because of misjudging demand.D World fish stocks decline because of over-fishing.14 A government is planning to intervene in a market to fix output at the economically desirable levelby giving a subsidy.costs/outputTo achieve its objective, what should be the subsidy per unit?A STB SXC TYD XY© UCLES 2009 9708/01/M/J/0915 A town council estimated the costs and benefits of operating a bus service in 2006 and 2007.These are shown in the table.2006 $000 2007 $000private costs 2000 2200external costs 500 900private benefits 1500 2300external benefits 1000 800What can be concluded from the table?A Between 2006 and 2007, social costs fell and social benefits rose.B Between 2006 and 2007, social costs rose and social benefits fell.C In both years, positive externalities exceeded negative externalities.D In both years, social costs equalled social benefits.16When would cost-benefit analysis definitely indicate that a government project should be approved?A if it eliminated all external costsB if it gave a higher rate of return than a private sector projectC if it maximised net social benefitD if it minimised total social cost17Why does the production of public goods have to be financed by the government?A One person’s consumption of a public good means it is not available for anyone else.B People are able to consume public goods without paying for them.C Private sector firms will charge a price significantly above cost for public goods.D The cost of producing public goods is higher in the private sector.© UCLES 2009 9708/01/M/J/09 [Turn over© UCLES 2009 9708/01/M/J/0918 The market price of an agricultural commodity was so low that the government fixed a minimumprice for it above the market equilibrium price. However, the government did not buy any of the commodity itself.What would happen as a result?A There would be an equilibrium in the market but the change in farmers’ incomes would beuncertain. B There would be a shortage on the market and farmers’ incomes would rise. C There would be a surplus on the market and farmers’ incomes would fall.D There would be a surplus on the market but the change in farmers’ incomes would beuncertain.19 n the diagram, MN is the production possibility curve of a country that has a comparativeadvantage in the production of good Y.quantity of good Yquantity of good XWhat might enable the country to consume the quantities of X and Y indicated by point R? A increased specialisation in the production of good X B international tradeC a reduction in unemploymentD increased specialisation in the production of good Y20Japan introduces import quotas on consumer durables imported from Malaysia. These goods have a high price elasticity of demand.What effect is this likely to have on the prices paid for these goods by Japanese consumers and on the revenues received by Malaysian producers?change in prices paid by Japaneseconsumerschange in revenues received by MalaysianproducersA decrease uncertainB decrease increaseC increase decreaseD increase uncertain21Which statement about economic integration is correct?A A customs union has a common currency.B A customs union has a common external tariff.C A free trade area has internal trade barriers.D A free trade area has no external trade barriers.22Since 2000 a country’s export prices have increased on average by 50% and its import prices by 25%.What is the current figure for the country’s terms of trade (2000 = 100)?A 75B 83C 120D 12523What will cause an immediate rise in the size of a country’s labour force?A an increase in the birth rateB an increase in the age of retirementC an increase in the school-leaving ageD an increase in the number of redundancies© UCLES 2009 9708/01/M/J/09 [Turn over© UCLES 2009 9708/01/M/J/0924 What is the average weighted price change illustrated by the table below?productpercentage of income spent on productprice change%P 10 +8 Q 15+6 R 25 +4 S 50–9A 9.0 %B 7.2 %C 4.5 %D –1.8 %25 The diagram shows the annual rate of inflation in a country between 2000 and 2003.rate of inflation %yearWhich statement is true of the period 2000 to 2003? A The cost of living fell. B The price level rose. C The Retail Prices Index fell. D The value of money rose.© UCLES 2009 9708/01/M/J/09[Turn over26 A developed country has a price-inelastic demand for oil, all of which it imports. The oil-producingcountries decide to provide more oil to the market.What is likely to happen as a result in the developed country to inflation, its balance of trade and the quantity of oil demanded?inflation balance of tradequantity of oildemanded A less likely improves rises B less likely worsensrises C more likely improves falls Dmore likelyworsensfalls27 Why is it that a country’s balance of payments must always balance?A Exchange rate changes will correct any deficit or surplus.B One country’s deficit is matched by another’s surplus.C The current account is balanced by the capital and financial accounts.D The government must act to correct any disequilibrium.28 In the diagram, D 1D 1 and S 1S 1 are the initial demand and supply curves of the pound sterling (£)on the foreign exchange market.price of £ in $USquantity of £What will cause the demand curve to shift to D 2D 2 and the supply curve to S 2S 2?A an appreciation of the poundB an increase in UK interest ratesC a reduction in the level of UK import tariffsD a reduction in the quality of UK goodsPermission to rep roduce items where third-p arty owned material p rotected by cop yright is included has been sought and cleared where p ossible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.© UCLES 2009 9708/01/M/J/0929 With an exchange rate of 5 Egyptian pounds (EGP) = 1 US dollar ($), an American product sellsin Egypt for EGP 100.Assuming that the dollar price remains unchanged, what will be the price of the product in Egypt if the Egyptian pound appreciates to 4 EGP = 1 US$? A EGP 75B EGP 80C EGP 120D EGP 12530 A country has a large current account deficit. Its government decides to devalue its currency.In which circumstance would such a measure reduce the deficit?price elasticity of demand for exportsprice elasticity of demand for importsA 0.0 0.0B 0.0 0.5C 0.5 0.5D 0.5 1.0。