非谓语be done 与being done
非谓语动词用法比较详析
4、现在分词作表语表示主动概念，过去分词作表语表示被动概念 。如：
They were deeply moved to hear the old man’s story. 听到老 人的故事，他们被深深地打动了。 What he said isn’t interesting at all. 他的讲话一点也没有趣。
I really regret missing/having missed his lecture. 我没能听他 的讲座真感到遗憾。 I regret to tell you that I cannot come. 真遗憾，告诉你我不能来 了。
（3）can’t help: can’t help doing sth.禁不住；can’t help (to) do sth. 不能帮忙干…
I was teaching the children maths when you passed by. 你经 过时我正教孩子数学。 （进行时态） What you teach is very interesing. 你所教的科目很有趣。 ( 分词式形容词) 四、不定式、动名词作宾语的区别
这类动词用不定式作宾语往往指具体的或一次性的行为，而动 词的-ing形式则指概括性、经常性的动作或体验。这类动词常用的 有：
He tried to stand up but failed. 他试图站起来，但没成功。 Let’s try telling him about the sad news. 咱们试着把这个不幸的 消息告诉他。
（2）regret: regret to do sth. 对马上要做的事表示遗憾；regret doing sth.对已发生的事表示遗憾或后悔。
怎么区别动词非谓语动词的时态
怎么区别动词非谓语动词的时态非谓语动词非谓语动词（不能作谓语用）包括不定式、分词及动名词。
动词不定式1．常用形式：一般主动式to do, 一般被动式to be done完成主动式to have done, 完成被动式to have been done进行式to be doing2．语法功能：可作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语（即除谓语之外的各种成分）。
例如：1）主语：To master a foreign language is very important.2）表语：My job is to drive them to the company every day.3）宾语：Do you want to visit the Great Wall?Can you give us some advice on what to do next?宾补：The teacher advised us to have a rest first.I didn´t notice them come in.注：see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let等动词后作宾补的动词不定式不带to, 但变为被动语态以后（即不定式作主补时）要带to, （其中let sb. do sth. 变为被动式为sb. is let do sth.）help（帮助）后作宾补的动词不定式可带to，也可不带to. 即help sb.(to)do sth. 定语：不定式位于所修饰的名词，代词之后，如：Who was the first one to set to the top of the hill yesterday? /He is the man to depend on/to believe in.6）状语：in order toA．目的状语：She reads China Daily every day so as to improve her English. to注：in order to 可以位于句首或句中，so as to 不能位于句首。
非谓语动词的 9 种形式
非谓语动词 17done -ing to do 被动主动被动主动完成式一般式to do doing doneto be done being done to have done have done to have been donehaving been done having be done have done have been done51被动之前having been done主动之前having done 被动同时being done 主动同时(基本同时)doing (和主语)主被动(与谓语比)时间先后-ing 作状语★必背使役动词make,、let 、have+do(省略了感官动词see/ watch/hear/feel1： +do(一般现在和一般过去，不强调正在进行都可用)I saw the boys fight with each other yesterday.PS: 被动态时需要还原“to ”The boys were seen to fight with each other yesterday.2: +doing （强调正在进行）The girl reported seeing a beautiful bird flying toward the window. 14非谓语动词题目三步走：⏹是否已存在另一个动作（不管前面还是后面）⏹主被动关系⏹时间先后顺序◆习题 ◆⏹S he reached the top of the hill andstopped on a big rock to see the rising sun.A. to have restedB. restingC. to restD. rest⏹Y ou were brave enough to raiseobjections at the meeting.Well, now I regret _ that.A. to doB. to be doingC. to have doneD. having done⏹T hey knew her very well. They hadseen her _ up from childhood.A. growB. grewC. was growingD. to grow⏹I’ve heard him _ about you often.A. talkedB. talksC. talkD. to talk⏹I f you think that treating a womanwell means always _ her permission for things,think again. (06湖南) A. gets B. got C. to get D. getting⏹H e walked down the hills, _ softly tohimself。
非谓语动词比较用法
（3）can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁地做某事；
can’t help (to) do sth. 不能帮忙干… I couldn’t help shaking with so few clothes on. 穿这么少的衣服我禁不住打起哆嗦。 I can’t help to clean the place up. 我不能帮助打扫这里了。
Your papers need/want /require /deserve checking/to be checked again.
咱们继续玩游戏吧
2、动词try, regret, forget, remember, can’t help, mean, go on等跟不定式和动词的-ing形式皆可，但意 义相差很大. （1）try to do sth. 尽力做某事；
try doing sth. 试着做某事。
He tried to stand up but failed. 他试图站起来，但没成功。 Let’s try telling him about the sad news. 咱们试着把这个不幸的消息告诉他。
The shop is closed. 商店关门了.(分词) The door was closed by the wind. 门被风吹上了。 (被动)
6、动名词和现在分词作表语与进行时态形式相同。动名 词作表语说明主语的内容；现在分词作表语说明主语的性 质、特征,状态，而现在进行时态说明正在进行的动作。 现在分词被动语态不作表语。如： My job is teaching young children to climb mountains. 我的工作就是教孩子如何爬山。 (动名词) I was teaching the children maths when you passed by. 你经过时我正教孩子数学。 （进行时态） What you teach is very interesting. 有趣。 (分词式形容词) 你所教的科目很
非谓语动词讲解
英语非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词是指分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）、不定式、动名词等三种形式，即：doing , done , to do , doing 。
当然它们有各自不同的变化形式，如：现在分词 doing : 有being done（被动式）; having done （完成式）; having been done （完成被动式）不定式to do : 有to be done （被动式）; to have done （完成式）; to be doing（进行式）动名词doing : 有having done（完成式）; being done（被动式）;非谓语动词的特点：三种非谓语动词都具有动词的特征，虽然它们没有人称和数的变化，但是它们都能带自己的状语或有时跟宾语。
它们都有各自的特征：分词具有形容词和副词的特征；动名词具有名词的特征；不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。
具体来讲：分词在句子中可以做定语、表语、状语或补足语等；动名词在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语等；不定式在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、补足语或状语。
下面分别对三种非谓语动词进行讲解：一、动词不定式先看几个例句，判断不定式在句中的成分。
1．To learn a foreign language is difficult .2．His wish is to be a driver .3．Tom wanted to have a cup of beer .4．The teacher told us to do morning exercises .5．I have nothing to say .6．They went to see their aunt .7．It’s easy to see their aunt.8．I don’t know what to do next .9．I heard them make a noise .说明：1．动词不定式作主语, 2.动词不定式作表语,3.动词不定式作宾语,4．动词不定式作宾语补足语，5．动词不定式作定语,6．动词不定式作目的状语,7．动词不定式作真正主语，it 代替动词不定式，作形式主语。
三种非谓语动词的时态变化
三种非谓语动词的时态变化
一般式完成式进行式完成进行式
不定式主动to do to have done to be doing to have been doing 被动to be done to have been done -------- to have been done
动名词主动doing having done ------ ---- 被动being done having been done ----- -----
现在主动doing having done ----- ------
分词被动being done having been done ------ -------
过去主动------ ------ ------ -------
分词被动done ------ ------ --------
一．非谓语动词的否定，在非谓语动词结构的前面+not
二．如何确定非谓语动词的时态和语态的变化
三． 1.非谓语动词的时态，要根据和谓语动词的先后关系确定的。
先于谓语动词，用完成式；强调同时发生，用进行式；其他多用一般式；表将来，多用不定式。
2.非谓语动词的语态，根据相应句子成分的主动、被动关系来确定：
作表语-----和主语的关系做作宾语------和主语的关系
作定语-----和所定名词的关系作宾补---------和宾语的关系
作主补-----和主语的关系作状语---------和全句主语的关系
3.非谓语主动表被动的情况，见主动表被动部分
谓语动词有16 种时态变化
一般进行完成完成进行
现在
过去
将来
过去将来
能以do 为例，完成上面的表格吗？。
英语非谓语动词用法全面归纳
英语非谓语动词用法全面归纳非谓语动词的分类非谓语动词在句子中可以担任六种不同的成分，分别是主语、宾语、定语、状语、补语和表语。
下面根据它们在句子中的不同作用进行分类。
1.主语1）doing：表示抽象的、规律性的、延续性的动作，常用于被动语态中的being done。
例如：XXX.（阅读需要耐心和毅力。
）2）to do：表示具体的、一次性的、短暂性的动作，常用于被动语态中的to be done。
例如：To have a walk along the river after supper is such fun.（晚饭后沿着河边散步真是太有趣了。
）3）注意：①to do经常用it作形式主语替代逻辑主语放在句首，而真正的逻辑主语放在句末。
一般形式有：a。
it’s + adj + to do sth；b。
it + vt + o(宾语) + to do sth。
例如：It’s important to have a good eyesight。
as it’s known to us.（拥有良好的视力很重要，这是我们所知道的。
）It took me 3 days to finish the task.（我用了三天时间完成了这个任务。
）②it作形式主语替代doing的几个结构，如：it’s nouse/useless，it’s a waste of time，it’s no good等。
例如：It’XXX.（覆水难收。
）③范例：1）To the sun for too long contributes to the harm to the skin.A。
Being exposedB。
ExposedXXXD。
XXX解析：选A。
有可能误选B，因为可能误认为句子缺少状语，但实际上这个短语作为状语的话，句子就没有主语了。
正确的判断方法是划分句子的主谓宾。
2）动名词的复合结构：one’s doing/being done。
非谓语动词语法整理
实用文档Non-finite Verbs 非谓语动词（英语八班王晴怡）一、非谓语动词的三种基本形式的含义1）to do：表示要做或去做，表个别行为，表目的；2）doing：做了，经常做，用来做，或一般行为（动名词）。
表主动含义“正在做”，形容词化翻译成“令人…的”（现在分词）；3）done： 表示被动含义“被做”或“已做”“已被做”，形容词化后翻译成“(某人)感到…的”或“被…的”或“已…的”（表语、定语、状语）。
二、非谓语动词的各种变形一般式完成式进行式不定式主动to doto have doneto be doing被动to be doneto have been doneing 形式主动 被动doing being donehaving donehaving been done过去分词 被动done动名词与现在分词的区别主要是： 1. 动名词充当主语，宾语，和同位语。
现在分词充当状语和补语。
两者都可以做定语，但 是意义不同。
作定语时，动名词说明被修饰的名词的用途；现在分词说明名词的动作，即它和名词在逻辑 上有主谓关系。
a sleeping car=a car used for sleeping 一节卧车车厢，即一个用于睡觉的车 （sleeping 为动名词表用途 ） a sleeping child=a child who is sleeping 一个睡着的孩子，即一个正在睡觉的孩子 （sleeping 为现在分词表正在进行的动作 ） 2.动名词具有名词的性质。
现在分词则没有。
①动名词和名词一样有 a, the, my, this, Tom’s, the, some, much, a lot of 等词语 修饰： I usually do some cleaning on Sunday. 我通常在周日打扫卫生。
Do you do much fishing? 你常常钓鱼吗？ He showed me a picture of his own painting. 他拿出来他自己绘画的一张照片给我看。
非谓语形式
非谓语形式非谓语形式就是:动词不定式、分词、动名词。
非谓语动词在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式，动名词，和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)。
1)不定式时态\语态主动被动一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done2)动名词时态\语态主动被动一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done3)分词时态\语态主动被动一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done否定形式: not +不定式， not + 动名词， not + 现在分词1( 有些动词可以用不定式作宾语，大致上有三种情况。
1)1) 有些及物动词用不定式作宾语，结构为动词+不定式。
例如:afford aim agree arrange ask decidebother care choose demand desire determine elect endeavor hope fail help learn long 渴mean manage offer plan pretend 望refuse tend undertake expect hate intend例如:The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
He offered to help me. 他表示愿意帮助我。
2)有些动词除了可以用不定式作宾语，还用不定式作补语，即有动词+宾语+不定式的结构。
例如:ask choose expect help beg intend like/love need prefer prepare want wish例如:I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。
being done 是非谓语动词 doing 的被动形式
being done 是非谓语动词doing 的被动形式。
eg：He came to the party without being invited.done是非谓语动词。
叫过去分词。
表示动作时已完成的，或者表示与逻辑主语之间是被动关系。
eg: 已完成：with all the work done, he went to home.被动：Given more time, I can do it better.为您推荐：按默认排序|按时间排序其他4条回答2012-07-10 14:00smx7698 |二级being done 是被动态，表示正在被做，进行时done 是完成时态，表示已经完成虽然两者都包含done，但是存在本质区别，是未完成和完成的区别评论(1)|242分享2012-07-10 13:59歩泣|二级done是完成时，一般都是主动的，being done 是被动状态下的评论(3)|612分享2012-07-10 13:58sun09723 |六级过去时态中的主动与被动评论|80分享举报| 2012-07-10 14:00shirleyjammyli |四级being done 正在被做，done已经做好了being done和done分别都在什么时候用，它们的区别是什么？悬赏分:0being done和done分别都在什么时候用，它们的区别是什么？我来回答提问时间：2010-06-09 13:40:53提问者：zhongwufan [大学生] 其它答案借助于一道典型例题帮助你理解：The first textbook______for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A.having writtenB.to be writtenC.being writtenD.written>>>>答：选D>>解析：textbook与write之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系，表被动，由此可以排除A; >>to be done, being done 与done这三种结构是分词作定语的一个常考点和难点，他们有着一个共同点：此动词与被修饰词之间存在动宾关系，即表被动。
英语非谓语
非谓语形式有三种：1、动词不定式：to do2、动词的ing : doing3、动词的过去分词：done。
其中不定式表示目的和将来;动词的ing表示主动和进行；过去分词表示被动和完成。
非谓语动词三种形式在句中充当不同的成分，表达不同的意义，具体如下表：非谓语动词的时态和语态：一般式：不定式：主动to do ，被动to be done ; ing 形式：主动doing ，被动being done ;过去分词：被动done完成式：不定式：主动to have done ，被动to have been done;ing 形式：主动having done，被动having been done进行式：不定式to be doing1、动词不定式的基本用法：动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用，（to）+ do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。
否定式：not + (to) do 如：(1)作主语：动词不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末，如：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。
It means failure to lose your heart. 灰心意味着失败。
常用句式有：1、It+be+名词+to do。
2、It takes sb.+some time+to do。
(2)作表语：动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语，与表示将来时的be + 动词不定式结构有所区别。
如：Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作是打扫大厅。
(3)作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语，如：She wishes to be a musician.;②作某些形容词的宾语：可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure等；③动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语，但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时，就可作介词的宾语，如：Can you give us some advice on what to do next?(4)作宾语补足语：在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语，如下动词常跟这种复合宾语：want,wish,ask,tell,order,beg,permit,help,advise,persuade,allow,prepare,cause,force,call on,wait for,invite.此外，介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用，如：With a lot of work to do,he didn't go to the cinema．他有很多工作要做，所以没去电影院。
非谓语动词用法小结
非谓语动词用法小结非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词、分词（现在分词和过去分词），同时有着各种形式变化。
不定式：to do / to be doing / to be done / to have done / to have been done动名词：doing / having done / being done / having been done现在分词：同上过去分词：done一、主语（to do / doing）1、不定式作主语eg. To watch the TV play is very interesting. --- It’s very interesting to watch the TV play.2、动名词作主语eg. Walking on the moon is more difficult.It’s no use sending him to a hospital.I t’s a great deal of good practising English every morning.It’s a waste of time arguing with him.区别：1、表一般、抽象概念，用doing ; 表具体、个别动作，多用to do.eg. Reading good books makes us happy.To read this book is very interesting.2、在疑问句中多用doing.eg. Did her being late make her teacher angry?3、不定式在疑问句或感叹句中作主语，只能用it作形式主语。
eg. To watch the TV play is interesting. --- Is it interesting to watch the TV play? --- How interesting it is to watch the TV play!二、宾语（to do / doing）1、直接接不定式作宾语的动词有：wish, hope, refuse, manage, plan, fail, offer, promise, pretend, decide, learn, agree, mean (打算), determine, expect, afford……eg. Jenney tried to explain.The boy pretended to have finished it.2、需用it代替不定式作宾语的动词有：find, make, think, consider, feel……eg. He found it important to study the situation in Russia.3、接动名词作宾语的动词有：suggest, finish, avoid, mind, enjoy, practice, appreciate, miss, advise, consider, keep, delay, escape, excuse, imagine, risk, resist……eg. The boy crossed the street to avoid meeting his teacher.4、既可接不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词有：begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue, want, need, require, remember, forget, regret, try……eg. When did you begin to learn / learning English?I want to repair the house. / The house wants repairing.三、定语（to do / doing / done）1、不定式作定语与所修饰的名词存在动宾、主谓或所属关系。
非谓语用法总结-高考完整版
非谓语动词总结（高考完整版）一、非谓语动词的含义非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式，其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语，综合这两点，我们将其叫做非谓语动词。
老师进来时，她假装正在读书。
④完成时：to have done（表示主动和完成）eg: The thief is said to have escaped.据说小偷已经逃跑了。
⑤完成被动式：to have been done（表示被动和完成）eg:The thief is said to have been arrested.据说小偷已经被抓住了。
⑥完成进行式：to have been doing （表示主动和完成进行）eg: She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years.据说在过去的20年里，她一直在这家工厂工作。
（2）动名词①基本形式：doing （表示主动）eg: Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.在未来，普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。
②被动式：being done（表示被动）eg: Freddy and his band could go nowhere without being followed by their fans.弗雷迪和他的乐队到哪里都被他们的粉丝跟着。
③完成式：having done（表示主动和完成）eg: I have no idea of his having done such a thing against you.我不知道他做过这样一件违背你的事情。
④完成被动式：having been done（表示被动和完成）eg: Many customers complain of having been given short weight at that shop.很多顾客抱怨在那家商店被缺斤少两过。
常见非谓语动词用法总结 个人独创
大 原 则
具体示例：
to do： 将来（ 即将发生） v-ing ： 主动 、正在进行 、同时发生 v-ed/done：被 完成
Have you read the novel written by Dickens? （2）to be done ：被动+将来 The question to be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting is very important. （3）being done ：被动+进行 Listen ! The song being sung by students is very popular. （4）having been done ：被动+先于+完成 Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake. 5）having done：先于+完成 Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well. （6）V-ing：主动、正在进行、同时发生 He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time.（主动）
过 去 分 词
宾补
状语
4.Seen from the tower, the city looks beautiful.(= When the city is seen from the tower...)时间 状语 Moved by the heroic deeds, the children couldn't help crying.(= Since they were moved by the heroic deeds ...)原因状语 Given more time, he would be able to do better. (= If he was given more time ..)条件状语 Laughed at by many people, he continued his research.(= Even if he was laughed by many people ...)让步状语 The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students.(= and he was surrounded by the students) 表示伴随
非谓语动词done和beingdone的区别
非谓语动词的形式包括不定式、现在分词（ -ing 形式）和过去分词（ -ed 或 -en 形式）。
"done" 和 "being done" 均为过去分词的形式，但它们的用法不同。
1. "done" 是动词 "do" 的过去分词形式，常用于完成式、被动语态和作表语。
例如：
2. The work was done by the end of the day. （这项工作在一天结束时已经完成。
）
3. The cake is done. （蛋糕烤好了。
）
4. "being done" 是 "be done" 的进行时态，表示某个动作正在被进行。
"being done" 用于强调某个动作正在发生的被动态。
例如：
5. The road is being repaired. （道路正在维修。
）
6. The book is being translated into several languages. （这本书正在被翻译成几种
语言。
）
总结起来，"done" 通常表示已经完成的动作或状态，而 "being done" 表示某个
过程正在进行。
在使用时，需要根据语境和句子结构来判断选用哪种形式。
非谓语动词9种用法
do homework1. Chen asked me 1. Chen asked me that I needed to do my work.2 The homework that Chen asked us to do is difficult.3. That I need to do my work everyday is boring.4.1. doingI am doing my homework now.Doing my homework cost me a lot of time. Doing my homework, I received your call.=When I was doing my work, I ….Doing homework is very time consuming.The man (who is) doing homework is Chen.I enjoy doing my homework.The falling leaves are interesting.This is a walking stick.This is a walking cat.2. being doneMy homework being done, I answered your call.The homework being done by Chen is difficult.I am appreciated being given an opportunity to study abroad.3. having doneHaving done his homework, Chen watched TV. =After he had done his homework, Chenwatched TV.I enjoy having given an opportunity to you to study abroad two years ago.4. having been doneHaving been done, my homework was checked by by Chen.I am appreciated having been given an opportunity to study abroad two years ago.5. to doI want to do my homework.To do my homework will cost me a lot of time. Chen is said to do the homework.6. to be doneThe homework to be done is difficult.The homework that will be done is difficult.The homework being done is difficult.done last week is difficult.China is reported to have won the competition last year.China was reported the competition last year.The home work to do is difficult.The building to be built at the end of this year is a gymnasium.The work is said to be done by Chen.7. to have doneChen is said to do the homework next week. Chen is said to have done the homework last week.8. to have been doneThe work is said to have been done by Chen last week. .9. doneThe Chen last week is/was important.The work done by Chen last week is/was important.= The Chen last week is/was important.Seen from the moon, the earth looks like a blue ball.Being seen from the moon, the earth looks like a blue ball.The fallen leaves are interesting.The falling leaves are interesting.I want to drink boiled/boiling water.。
非谓语动词的各种形式
不定式不定式有六种形式：主动被动一般式to do to be done进行式to be doing完成式to have done to have been done完成进行式to have been doing不定式一般式的主动和被动，在句中除了谓语动词，能做其他一切成分。
主动表示不定式与逻辑主语间是逻辑主动关系；被动表示不定式与逻辑主语间是逻辑被动关系。
1.一般被动式：不定式的语态是由逻辑主语与不定式的关系决定的，被动关系就要用被动式。
在句中作与主动式一样的成分。
作定语时与所修饰的名词有逻辑主谓和逻辑解释这两种关系，主要是逻辑主谓关系He likes to be flattered（宾）他喜欢被人奉承。
You are lucky to be guided by Professor White （状）你们由怀特教授教授作指导，真幸运。
She asked to be sent to work in Tibet（宾）她要求去西藏工作He ordered the work to be started at once（宾补）他下令马上开始工作。
It might not be a bad idea for this word to be deleted（主）删去这个字，倒是一个不错的主意。
The books are not allowed to be taken out of the room（主补）这些书不许带到室外。
Please tell me the subjects to be discussed at the next session（定）请告诉我下次会议要讨论的题目。
He seems to be taken to America（表语）他好像要被带去美国。
He had no chance to be sent aboard（定）他没机会被派往海外。
2.进行式：表示动作正在发生，与所在句子的谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。
非谓语动词用法总结
非谓语动词用法总结非谓语动词是历年高考英语的重要考点之一，同时也是较难掌握的难点之一。
它贯穿于英语学习和考试过程的始终。
但是，只要认真分析、透彻理解、看透本质、准确把握，就一定能在高考中运筹帷幄，游刃有余。
二．不定式的用法不定式不可作谓语，但它可以有自己的宾语、状语，构成不定式短语，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语（表用途）、状语或补足语。
高考对不定式的考查主要有不定式的时态、语态、作用、否定、省略、连词＋不定式等。
作主语不定式作主语表示具体的动作，通常指一件已知的事或目的。
不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
eg:To say is a thing,to do is another.(说是一回事，做是另外一回事。
)（2）不定式短语较长时，通常放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语。
eg:①It is important to learn English well.(学好英语是重要的。
)②It is necessary for us to do the job well.(我们做好这项工作是必要的。
)③It is a great honor to be invited to givea speech here.(被邀请在这儿发表演讲是一个极大的荣幸。
)2.作宾语（1）常只用不定式作宾语的动词有：want,wish,hope,long,expect,desire,intend, decide,ask,promise,aim,offer,agree,plan,l earn,choose,refuse,fail,manage,pretend等。
eg:①He refused to help me.(他拒绝帮助我.)②She has agreed to come tomorrow.(他已同意明天来.)(2) 不定式较长时，作宾语，也可用it代替，放在后面。
eg;I find it difficult to do the job well.(3) “特殊疑问词﹢不定式to do结构”具有名词特征，可作宾语。
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B. Being left D. To leave
被嘲笑 object 2. I object to _____________. A. make fun of B. making fun of C. be made fun of D. being made fun of
3. With modern traffic control facilities, speeders can’t object expect to escape _________detected and fined. 被罚款 Verb. A. to be B. being C. To have been D. having been
Situation 1 It is one of the funniest things(found _____ on the Internet so far this year.) It is one of the funniest things ( that _______________ have been found on the Internet so far this year.) subject A. have been found B. being found C. to find D. found
object
No one enjoy ________________. being laughed at （laugh at）
object
being caught many times the thief promised not Due to_______________________, to steal.（catch many times）
done being done not subject or object
一直被 正在被
subject
一直被 正在被
__________________________, Being exposed to such noise your ears will 一直暴露在这样的噪音里 get hurt. Being repaired ______________,the bike still cannot be used.
正在被
Conclusion:
after verb.
subject / object being done
after prep.
被
一直被
not subject or object
正在被
已经被
done being done having been done
adj.
______________he Being beaten, was crying. 正在被打
正在修理中
subject
Being beaten ______________, he was crying. 正在被打
Being run after she kept screaming. (run after) 1 _____________,
正在被
being looked after by an 2 When he awoke, he found himself________________ old woman. ( look after ) 正在被
已经被
Beaten, _______he was crying. 被打完后才哭 __________________he was crying. Having been beaten,
( Having ________________so been)told many times, he has known
object 介词 / 连词 被 being exposed 2. After ____________to too much noise, his ears are
almost ruined. A. being exposed C. exposed
subject
B. having exposed D. exposing to
subject
1. —What has made him upset recently? subject alone to face a troublesome milk case. ) has made —(______
被单独留下
him upset.
A. Left C. Having left
Prep.
taken care of by grandparents. 5. The children was left ______________ (take care of)
宾补
settled so quickly. 6 I’m pleased to see the problem _________ (settle)
1 (04上海春42) After his journey from abroad，Richard Jones returned home，_______ . A. exhausting B. exhausted adj. C. being exhausted D. having exhausted 2 (05 湖南34 )________ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Having dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Dressed adj. 3 (08福建33) --Can those _____ at the back of the classroom hear me? --No problem. adj. A. seat B. sit C. seated D. sat 4 (06天津7) A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending，but the reader must not be left________. A. unsatisfied adj. B. unsatisfying C. to be unsatisfying D. being unsatisfied
3 At the beginning of class，the noise of desks (_____ )could be heard outside the classroom. 一直被 A. opened and closed not subject or object B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close not subject or object 4 （09北京市西城区） Henry can’t attend the party (______at Tom’s house at present) because he is preparing tomorrow’s presentation. A．hold B．to hold C．to be held D．being held
how to do it. (tell ) adj.
Faced _____ with so much trouble, we fail to complete the task. A. Face B. Faced C. Facing D. Be faced Lost _______in thought, the old man did not hear us come in. (lose)
subject
4. ( ______________ in an atmosphere of simple living)wቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱs what her parents wished for. 被教育 A. The girl was educated B. The girl educated C. The girl’s being educated D. The girl to be educated
The trees(___________in blown down the storm) have been moved off the road. The trees (which were _______________in blown down the storm) have been …
已经被 ( _____ so badly， ) 4.（09日照市高三模拟考试） The man， almost lost his memory and was even driven mad． A．to have been disturbed B．having been disturbed C．to be disturbed D．being disturbed 主补
一直被
subject
Being exposed to sunshine for a long time, your skin 5. ______________ will get cancer more easily. A. Being exposed B. Having exposed C. Exposed D. Exposing
subject
被
Being exposed to sunlight for too much time )will do 4( _____________ harm to one’s skin. 02 A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed
被
being done having been done not subject or object