质量检测必修三

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2019-2020学年高中数学人教B版必修3：阶段质量检测(三) 概率 Word版含解析

阶段质量检测（三）概率(时间120分钟，满分150分)一、选择题(本大题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的)1．下列事件中随机事件的个数为( )①连续两次抛掷一枚质地均匀的骰子，两次都出现2点； ②在地球上，树上掉下的雪梨不抓住就往下掉； ③某人买彩票中奖；④已经有一个女儿，第二次生男孩； ⑤在标准大气压下，水加热到90 °C 会沸腾． A ．1 B ．2 C ．3D ．4解析：选C ①③④都有可能发生，也可能不发生，故是随机事件；对于②，在地球上，树上掉下的雪梨不抓住就往下掉，这是一定会发生的事件，属于必然事件．对于⑤，在标准大气压下，水加热到90 °C 会沸腾，是不可能事件．故选C.2．从装有2个红球和2个黑球的口袋内任取2个球，那么互斥而不对立的两个事件是( ) A ．至少有一个黑球与都是红球 B ．至少有一个黑球与都是黑球 C ．至少有一个黑球与至少有一个红球 D ．恰有1个黑球与恰有2个黑球解析：选D A 中的两个事件是对立事件，不符合要求；B 中的两个事件是包含关系，不是互斥事件，不符合要求；C 中的两个事件都包含“一个黑球、一个红球”这一事件，不是互斥事件；D 中是互斥而不对立的两个事件．故选D.3．从分别写有A ，B ，C ，D ，E 的5张卡片中任取2张，这2张卡片上的字母恰好是按字母顺序相邻的概率为( )A.15B.25C.310 D.710解析：选B 试验的所有基本事件总数为10，两字母恰好是相邻字母的有(A ，B )，(B ，C )，(C ，D )，(D ，E )4种，故P ＝410＝25.4．在正方体ABCD -A 1B 1C 1D 1中随机取一点，则点落在四棱锥O -ABCD 内(O 为正方体的对角线的交点)的概率是( )A.13B.16解析：选B 设正方体的体积为V ，则四棱锥O -ABCD 的体积为V6，所求概率为V6V ＝16.5．在两根相距6m 的木杆上系一根绳子，并在绳子上挂一盏灯，则灯与两端距离都大于2m 的概率为( )A.12B.13C.14D.15解析：选B 该试验属于几何概型，所求事件构成的区域长度为2 m ，试验的全部结果所构成的区域长度为6 m ，故灯与两端距离都大于2 m 的概率为26＝13.6．从{}a ，b ，c ，d ，e 的所有子集中任取一个，这个集合恰是集合{}a ，b ，c 的子集的概率是( ) A.35 B.25 C.14D.18解析：选C 符合要求的是∅，{}a ，{}b ，{}c ，{}a ，b ，{}a ，c ，{}b ，c ，{}a ，b ，c 共8个，而集合{}a ，b ，c ，d ，e 共有子集25＝32个，∴P ＝14.7．连续掷两次骰子，以先后得到的点数m ，n 为点P (m ，n )的坐标，那么点P 在圆x 2＋y 2＝17内部的概率是( )A.19B.29C.13D.49解析：选B 点P (m ，n )的坐标的所有可能为6×6＝36种，而点P 在圆x 2＋y 2＝17内部只有(1,1)，(1,2)，(1,3)，(2,1)，(2,2)，(2,3)，(3,1)，(3,2)，共8种，故概率为29.8．从正六边形的6个顶点中随机选择4个顶点，则以它们作为顶点的四边形是矩形的概率等于( ) A.110 B.18解析：选D 从正六边形的6个顶点中随机选择4个顶点，列举可得，以它们作为顶点的四边形共有15个，其中矩形有3个，所以所求的概率为315＝15.故选D.9．甲、乙、丙三人在3天节目中值班，每人值班1天，则甲紧接着排在乙的前面值班的概率是( ) A.16 B.14 C.13D.12解析：选C 甲、乙、丙三人在3天中值班的情况为：甲、乙、丙；甲、丙、乙；丙、甲、乙；丙、乙、甲；乙、甲、丙；乙、丙、甲共6种，其中符合题意的有2种，故所求概率为13.10．有3个兴趣小组，甲、乙两位同学各自参加其中一个小组，每位同学参加各个小组的可能性相同，则这两位同学参加同一个兴趣小组的概率为( )A.13B.12C.23D.34解析：选A 记3个兴趣小组分别为1,2,3，甲参加1组记为“甲1”，则基本事件为：甲1，乙1；甲1，乙2；甲1，乙3；甲2，乙1；甲2，乙2；甲2，乙3；甲3，乙1；甲3，乙2；甲3，乙3，共9个．记事件A 为“甲、乙两位同学参加同一个兴趣小组”，其中事件A 有：甲1，乙1；甲2，乙2；甲3，乙3，共3个基本事件．因此P (A )＝39＝13.11．在2,0,1,6这组数据中，随机取出三个不同的数，则数字2是取出的三个不同数的中位数的概率为( )A.34B.58C.12D.14解析：选C 分析题意可知，共有(0,1,2)，(0,2,6)，(1,2,6)，(0,1,6)4种取法，符合题意的取法有2种，故所求概率P ＝12.12．设一元二次方程x 2＋Bx ＋C ＝0，若B ，C 是一枚质地均匀的骰子连续投掷两次出现的点数，则方程有实数根的概率为( )A.112 B.736 C.1336 D.1936 解析：选D 因为B ，C 是一枚质地均匀的骰子连续投掷两次出现的点数，所以一共有36种情况．由方程有实数根知，Δ＝B 2－4C ≥0，显然B ≠1.当B ＝2时，C ＝1(1种)；当B ＝3时，C ＝1,2(2种)；当B ＝4时，C ＝1,2,3,4(4种)；当B ＝5时，C ＝1,2,3,4,5,6(6种)；当B ＝6时，C ＝1,2,3,4,5,6(6种)．故方程有实数根共有19种情况，所以方程有实数根的概率是1936.二、填空题(本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分，把答案填在题中横线上)13．在边长为2的正方形中作其内切圆，然后向正方形中随机撒一把芝麻，用随机模拟的方法来估计圆周率π的值．如果撒了1 000粒芝麻，落在圆内的芝麻总数是776粒，那么这次模拟中π的估计值是________．解析：由于芝麻落在正方形内任意位置的可能性相等，由几何概型的概率计算公式知S 内切圆S 正方形≈7761 000，即π×1222≈7761 000，解得π≈3.104.答案：3.10414．某中学青年教师、中年教师和老年教师的人数比例为4∶5∶1，其中青年教师有120人．现采用分层抽样的方法从这所学校抽取容量为30的教师样本以了解教师的工作压力情况，则每位老年教师被抽到的概率为________．解析：由青年教师、中年教师和老年教师的人数比例为4∶5∶1, 知该校共有教师120÷410＝300(人)．采用分层抽样的方法从这所学校抽取容量为30的教师样本，则每位老年教师被抽到的概率为P ＝30300＝110. 答案：11015．如图，四边形ABCD 为矩形，AB ＝3，BC ＝1，以A 为圆心，1为半径作四分之一个圆弧DE ，在圆弧DE 上任取一点P ，则直线AP 与线段BC 有公共点的概率是________．解析：连接AC 交弧DE 于点F ，∠BAC ＝30°，P ＝弧EF 的长弧DE 的长＝13.答案：1316．点A 为周长等于3的圆周上的一个定点，若在该圆周上随机取一点B ，则劣弧的长度小于1的概率为________．解析：如图所示，圆周上使的长度等于1的点M 有两个，设为M 1，M 2，则过A 的圆弧长为2，点B 落在优弧上就能使劣弧的长度小于1，所以劣弧的长度小于1的概率为23.答案：23三、解答题(本大题共6题，共70分，解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．) 17．(本小题满分10分)对一批衬衣进行抽样检查，结果如下表：(1)(2)记“任取一件衬衣是次品”为事件A ，求P (A )；(3)为了保证买到次品的顾客能够及时更换，销售1 000件衬衣，至少需进货多少件？解：(1)次品率依次为：0,0.02,0.06,0.054,0.045，0.05，0.05.(2)当n 充分大时，出现次品的频率mn在0.05附近摆动，故P (A )≈0.05.(3)设进货衬衣x 件，为保证1 000件衬衣为正品，则(1－0.05)x ≥1 000，得x ≥1 053. ∴至少需进货1 053件衬衣．18．(本小题满分12分)现有6道题，其中4道甲类题，2道乙类题，张同学从中任取2道题解答．试求： (1)所取的2道题都是甲类题的概率； (2)所取的2道题不是同一类题的概率．解：将4道甲类题依次编号为1,2,3,4；2道乙类题依次编号为5,6.任取2道题，基本事件为：{1,2}，{1,3}，{1,4}，{1,5}，{1,6}，{2,3}，{2,4}，{2,5}，{2,6}，{3,4}，{3,5}，{3,6}，{4,5}，{4,6}，{5,6}，共15个，而且这些基本事件的出现是等可能的．(1)用A 表示“都是甲类题”这一事件，则A 包含的基本事件有{1,2}，{1,3}，{1,4}，{2,3}，{2,4}，{3,4}，共6个，所以P(A)＝615＝25.(2)用B表示“不是同一类题”这一事件，则B包含的基本事件有{1,5}，{1,6}，{2,5}，{2,6}，{3,5}，{3,6}，{4,5}，{4,6}，共8个，所以P(B)＝8 15.19．(本小题满分12分)某日用品按行业质量标准分成五个等级，等级系数X依次为1,2,3,4,5，现从一批该日用品中随机抽取20件，对其等级系数进行统计分析，得到如下频率分布表：(1)若所抽取的20件日用品中，等级系数为4的恰有3件，等级系数为5的恰有2件，求a，b，c的值；(2)在(1)的条件下，将等级系数为4的3件日用品记为x1，x2，x3，等级系数为5的2件日用品记为y1，y2，现从x1，x2，x3，y1，y2这5件日用品中任取2件(假定每件日用品被取出的可能性相同)，写出所有可能的结果，并求这2件日用品的等级系数恰好相等的概率．解：(1)因为抽取的20件日用品中，等级系数为4的恰有3件，所以b＝320＝0.15.等级系数为5的恰有2件，所以c＝220＝0.1.从而a＝1－0.2－0.45－0.1－0.15＝0.1.所以a＝0.1，b＝0.15，c＝0.1.(2)从x1，x2，x3，y1，y2这5件日用品中任取2件，所有可能的结果为(x1，x2)，(x1，x3)，(x1，y1)，(x1，y2)，(x2，x3)，(x2，y1)，(x2，y2)，(x3，y1)，(x3，y2)，(y1，y2)，共10个．设事件A表示“从x1，x2，x3，y1，y2这5件日用品中任取2件，其等级系数相等”，则事件A所包含的基本事件为(x1，x2)，(x1，x3)，(x2，x3)，(y1，y2)，共4个．故所求的概率P(A)＝410＝0.4.20．(本小题满分12分)投掷一个质地均匀、每个面上标有一个数字的正方体玩具，它的六个面中，有两个面的数字是0，两个面的数字是2，两个面的数字是4.将此玩具连续抛掷两次，以两次朝上一面出现的数字分别作为点P的横坐标和纵坐标．(1)求点P落在区域C：x2＋y2≤10上的概率；(2)若以落在区域C上的所有点为顶点作面积最大的多边形区域M，在区域C上随机撒一粒豆子，求豆子落在区域M上的概率．解：(1)点P的坐标有：(0,0)，(0,2)，(0,4)，(2,0)，(2,2)，(2,4)，(4,0)，(4,2)，(4,4)共9种，其中落在区域C：x2＋y2≤10上的点P的坐标有(0,0)，(0,2)，(2,0)，(2,2)共4种，故点P落在区域C：x2＋y2≤10上的概率为4 9 .(2)区域M 为一边长为2的正方形，其面积为4，区域C 的面积为10π，则豆子落在区域M 上的概率为25π.21．(本小题满分12分)从含有两件正品a 1，a 2和一件次品b 的三件产品中，每次任取一件． (1)若每次取后不放回，连续取两次，求取出的两件产品中恰有一件次品的概率； (2)若每次取后放回，连续取两次，求取出的两件产品中恰有一件次品的概率．解：(1)每次取出一个，取后不放回地连续取两次，其一切可能的结果组成的基本事件有6个，即(a 1，a 2)，(a 1，b )，(a 2，a 1)，(a 2，b )，(b ，a 1)，(b ，a 2)．其中小括号内左边的字母表示第1次取出的产品，右边的字母表示第2次取出的产品．总的事件个数为6，而且可以认为这些基本事件是等可能的．用A 表示“取出的两件中恰有一件次品”这一事件，所以A ＝错误!.因为事件A 由4个基本事件组成，所以P (A )＝46＝23.(2)有放回地连续取出两件，其所有可能的结果为(a 1，a 1)，(a 1，a 2)，(a 1，b )，(a 2，a 1)，(a 2，a 2)，(a 2，b )，(b ，a 1)，(b ，a 2)，(b ，b )，共9个基本事件组成．由于每一件产品被取到的机会均等，因此可以认为这些基本事件的出现是等可能的．用B 表示“恰有一件次品”这一事件，则B ＝错误!.事件B 由4个基本事件组成，因而P (B )＝49.22.(本小题满分12此种商品的数量(单位：件)如表所示．工作人员用分层抽样的方法从这些商品中抽取6件样品进行检测．(1)求这6件样品中来自A ，B ，C 各地区商品的数量；(2)若在这6件样本中随机抽取2件送往甲机构进行进一步检测，求这2件商品来自相同地区的概率．解：(1)因为样本容量与总体中的个体数的比是 650＋150＋100＝150，所以样本中包含三个地区的个数数量分别是 50×150＝1,150×150＝3,100×150＝2. 所以A ，B ，C 三个地区的商品被选取的件数分别为1,3,2.(2)设6件来自A ，B ，C 三个地区的样品分别为A ；B 1，B 2，B 3；C 1，C 2. 则抽取的这2件商品构成的所有基本事件为{A ，B 1}，{A ，B 2}，{A ，B 3}，{A ，C 1}，{A ，C 2}，{B 1，B 2}，{B 1，B 3}，{B 1，C 1}，{B 1，C 2}，{B 2，B 3}，{B 2，C 1}，{B 2，C 2}，{B 3，C 1}，{B 3，C 2}，{C 1，C 2}，共15个．每个样品被抽到的机会均等，因此这些基本事件的出现是等可能的．记“抽取的这2件商品来自相同地区”为事件D ，则事件D 包含的基本事件有 {B 1，B 2}，{B 1，B 3}，{B 2，B 3}，{C 1，C 2}，共4个．所以P(D)＝4 15，即这2件商品来自相同地区的概率为415.。

新教材高中化学第三章烃的衍生物学业质量标准检测新人教版选择性必修3

第三章学业质量标准检测(90分钟,100分)一、单选题(本题包含10个小题,每小题2分,共20分,每小题只有1个选项符合题意)1．下列物质中,与苯酚互为同系物的是( C )A．CH3CH2OH B．(CH3)3C—OHC．D．2．(·浙江)制备苯甲酸甲酯的一种反应机理如图(其中Ph－代表苯基)。

下列说法不正．．确．的是( D )A．可以用苯甲醛和甲醇为原料制备苯甲酸甲酯B．反应过程涉及氧化反应C．化合物3和4互为同分异构体D．化合物1直接催化反应的进行解析：“入环”的物质为反应物,“出环”的物质为生成物,由反应机理图可知,可用苯甲醛、甲醇和H2O2为原料制得苯甲酸甲酯,A正确；由反应机理图可知,化合物4在H2O2的作用下转化为化合物5,化合物4中有13个氢原子和1个氧原子、化合物5中有12个氢原子和1个氧原子,故该过程是失氢的氧化反应,B正确；化合物3和化合物4的分子式均为C11H13N3O 且结构不同,故互为同分异构体,C正确；由图可知,化合物1在NaH的作用下形成化合物2,化合物2再参与催化循环,所以直接催化反应进行的是化合物2,化合物1间接催化反应的进行,D错误。

3．(·湖北)关于有机化合物,下列说法错误的是( D )A．分子式为C14H18O2B．含有2个手性碳原子C．可与热的新制氢氧化铜悬浊液反应D．该有机物的同分异构体中无芳香族化合物解析：由该有机物结构可知,其分子式为C14H18O2,A正确；手性碳原子是指连有四个不同的原子或基团的碳原子,该有机物含有2个手性碳原子,B正确；该有机物含醛基( COH),可与热的新制氢氧化铜悬浊液反应,C正确；该分子的不饱和度Ω＝6,苯环的不饱和度Ω＝4,则该有机物的同分异构体中含有芳香族化合物,D错误。

4．磷酸氯喹可用于治疗新冠肺炎,临床证明磷酸氯喹对治疗“新冠肺炎”有良好的疗效。

2020年3月4日印发的《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案(试行第七版)》中明确规定了其用量。

人教版高中英语必修三Unit1-3单元综合测试题及答案

必修三unit1-unit3质量检测题I.完形填空（共20小题，每题1.5分，满分30分）Once a farmer employed two servants who worked on the farm. One day, the farmer commanded them to 21 seeds（种子）while he was away.The first servant worked 22 in the fields every day. Though he felt so tired sometimes, he never gave up. He just took a 23 and thought of his master coming back. There were also times 24 he got hurt by stones, insects and other objects, but he still continued obeying（服从）his master’s 25 . He knew that someday all his hard work would get good results. But the other servant wanted to 26 the pleasure of the world. He thought his master would 27 know what he was doing. Thus he put aside his master’s command and 28 his own will.Many years 29 by, but the master still did not come back. The faithful servant kept his master’s 30 in mind and kept on planting seeds in the fields, while the other servant 31 around the world, enjoying himself.One day their master 32 appeared. When seeing one servant 33 the crops in the fields, he was very pleased. But when he couldn’t find the other, he felt very 34 .The master called the two servants together, 35 why he had gone for such a long time. He said he had a 36 house built as payment for their service and whoever had been 37 to him would stay with him and live in the new home. So he asked them to report to him how good their harvest was. The first servant happily announced that he had a good harvest every year 38 the other servant bowed down and asked for forgiveness because he had 39 for his master.The master finally rewarded the first servant 40 a new house. The other servant got nothing and was fired.21. A. buy B. plant C. find D. pay22. A. hard B. difficultly C. easily D. wonderfully23. A. drink B. look C. walk D. rest24. A. which B. that C. when D. what25. A. request B. advice C. command D. permission26. A. join B. enjoy C. search D. share27. A. never B. seldom C. always D. often28. A. left B. considered C. felt D. followed29. A. ran B. walked C. stood D. passed30. A. words B. opinion C. thought D. idea31. A. wandered B. showed C. turned D. looked32. A. secretly B. suddenly C. immediately D. slowly33. A. working B. selling C. harvesting D. seeking34. A. confused B. amazed C. impressed D. disappointed35. A. chatting B. explaining C. demanding D. stating36. A. beautiful B. expensive C. simple D. strong37. A. friendly B. smart C. faithful D. generous38. A. since B. while C. because D. however39. A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing40. A. to B. by C. with D. forII.阅读理解（共15小题，每题2分，满分30分）AA car needs gas to run and your body also needs food to work for you. Eating the right kind of food is very important. It can help your body grow strong to take care of what you eat.There are four main food groups altogether. The dairy group has food like milk, cheese and sour milk. The other three groups are the meat and fish group, the fruit and vegetable group, and the bread and rice group. Each meal should have at least one food from all four main groups. With all these food together, you will be given enough energy（能量）during the day.It is easy to get into bad eating habits. You may eat your breakfast in a hurry to get to school on time. Or you may not have time for a good lunch. It may seem easy tofinish your supper with fish and chips all the time. But you will find yourself tired in these days and you cannot think quickly.Watching what you eat will help keep your body healthy and strong. It is also good to take some exercise. It will help you eat more if you take a walk or play games in the open air. Having a good eating habit with some exercise is the key to your health.41. Which of the following diets do you think is the best one?A. Eggs, tomatoes and chicken.B. Milk, bread, cabbages and beef.C. Corn, fish, cream and pork.D. Rice, beancurd, apples, fish and chicken.42. Which of the following is a good eating-habit?A. Going to school without any breakfast.B. Eating fish and chips for supper all the time.C. Finishing your lunch in a very short time.D. Having at least one food from all four groups each meal.43. In this passage the writer mainly tells us that .A. every person needs food to grow wellB. taking exercise can keep your body strongC. right kind of food with exercise will keep you healthyD. enough energy helps people think more quickly44. The underlined word "dairy" in the second passage means .A. the food made out of cows such as milk and butterB. the shop that sells milk and butterC. a farm where cows are keptD. a place where milk products are made45. The best title for this passage is .A. The Four Food GroupsB. A Healthy DietC. Your Body and FoodD. The Key to Your HealthBThanksgiving DayThanksgiving Day is always celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November. It is the most traditional(传统的)of American holidays. The first Thanksgiving was held in Massachusetts in 1621. After a year of hard work, the Pilgrim colonists wanted to give thanks to God for their first harvest. They invited their Indian friends to join them in a big feast. Today the holiday is still celebrated as a day for giving thanks. It is a day of family get-together and it is common to invite friends to share the meal. In some large cities, there are carnival parades (花车游行) for children. In other cities, there are important football games that are played on Thanksgiving Day.In my family, we always go to my grandmother’s house on Thanksgiving Day. All my aunts, uncles, cousins, nephews, and nieces gather for a family homecoming. We always invite some friends to join us. Everyone is glad to see everyone else and there is a very busy talk about everything we know. The women soon disappear into the kitchen to help my grandmother prepare the dinner. The men, meanwhile, settle down to watch a football game on television or to discuss business or polities. If the weather is fine enough, some of the men go outside to play ball with the children. At about four o'clock we all sit down to dinner. My grandfather gives thanks for all that we have received from God and then he starts to cut the turkey. We always have the traditional dinner of stuffed turkey, cranberry sauce, apple cider, sweet potatoes, chestnuts, and pumpkin pie. After dinner, no one can move and we all sit around and talk, play word games, or tell jokes until it is time to go home. It is always difficult to leave because Thanksgiving Day is one of the few days of the year when all the families get together.46. Thanksgiving Day was at first held .A. to give thanks to each other for their harvestB. for family members to get togetherC. to invite one's friends to dinnerD. for people to express their thanks to God47. Thanksgiving Day .A. became traditional in America in the 16th centuryB. has long been popular in the WestC. has long been a holiday for the AmericansD. is a holiday only in a few states in the United States48. The Pilgrim colonists were .A. the early people who got to America from EuropeB. the early American IndiansC. the early businessmen from other countriesD. the early businessmen who lived in the cities49. Today, Thanksgiving Day is .A. a day to pray to God for a good harvestB. a family holiday onlyC. a happy holiday for all the families and friendsD. a day to have a good rest and eat a lot50. We can see Thanksgiving Day is a holiday to the Americans asto Chinese.A. Spring FestivalB. Mid-autumn DayC. New Year’s DayD. National DayCMark Twain, the famous American writer and a great master of humor, liked to play jokes on others. But once a joke was played on him. One day Mark Twain was invited to give a talk in a small town. At lunch he met a young man, one of his friends.The young man said that he had an uncle with him. He told Mark Twain that his uncle neverLaughed or smiled, and that nobody and nothing was able to make his uncle smile or laugh."You bring your uncle to my talk this evening," said Mark Twain. "I'm sure I can make him laugh." That evening the young man and his uncle sat in the front. Mark Twain began to speak. He told several funny stories and made everyone in the room laugh. But the man never even smiled. Mark Twain told more funny stories, but the old man still kept quiet. Mark Twain continued to tell his funny stories. Finally he stopped. He was tired and quite disappointed.Some days later, Mark Twain told another friend what had happened. "Oh," said his friend," I know that man. He's been deaf for years. "51. The writer wrote the passage mainly to .A. tell readers Mark Twain liked playing jokesB. tell readers a joke played on Mark TwainC. tell readers Mark Twain was a great writerD. tell readers how to tell a funny story52. One day Mark Twain met at lunch.A. a friendB. his brotherC. his teacherD. a young girl53. Why did Mark Twain ask the young man to bring his uncle to his talk?A. Because he thought he could make him laugh.B. Because he wanted to get to know the old man.C. Because the old man could tell stories.D. Because he wanted to learn from the old man.54. Mark Twain stopped finally because he was .A. disappointedB. sorryC. illD. sleepy55. Mark Twain couldn't make the old man laugh because .A. his jokes were not funnyB. the old man wasn't interested in the jokesC. the old man could tell more funny jokesD. the old man was deafIII.单词拼写（共10小题，每题1分，满分10分）1. Who was (授予) the Best Actress award in 2011?2. He has (获得)rich experience in these years.3. I always(钦佩)the man in blue for his devotion to the tiring job.4. It is healthier to keep a (平衡的) diet every day.5. It is (显而易见的)that he has made great progress in English.6. His knowledge of history is rather (有限的).7. Reporters were soon on the (现场)after the accident.8. Looking after children needs (耐心).9. I’ll do nothing without (商量)with you.10. They (结合)their efforts to finish the work.IV. 完成句子（共5小题，每空1分，满分15分）1. (没有什么更好了)than an ice-cream on a hot summer afternoon.2. You have been working all day. You (一定累了).3. It’s time for class now，but our teacher hasn’t (出现).4. Mr. Wang is a man who always (守信用).5. If you want to catch the first bus, you’d better(动身去)the station immediately.V. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021-2022学年高中英语译林版必修三习题：Unit 3单元质量检测三 Word版含答案

Unit 3 单元质量检测(三)(时间：100分钟满分：120分本卷共4页)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

ASometimes, kindness is a simple answer in a difficult and challenging world.When my granddaughter, Skylar, was young, one day we went out and had a contest called“Who can make the most people smile”．And we continue it today. When shopping, we were walking in the supermarket and noticed someone walking down the aisle with her head down. Skylar walked up to her and gave her a big smile. I watched her walk down the aisle, turned around and smiled at Skylar again or perhaps smiled at someone else.Kindness is a chain that pulls us all together. Every single act of kindness has a ripple effect (连锁反应). In 2002, my dad had a series of strokes and other illness. My dad had been doing nice things for all sorts of people for years, from the street crossing guard, to the waitress in a restaurant, to a friend's mother. That same day, I made cookies for the janitor (门卫) at the post office. When I gave him the cookies he actually looked a little embarrassed.“Why, Linda？”he asked.“Because I appreciate you！” I answered.“When I get here at 6 am and it is still dark out and it is a little scary, I know you are inside and I feel safe. And when I first moved here and my post office box was always empty, you always cheered me on. And you always keep this place clean.”That evening his wife called me and said that he was overwhelmed (受宠若惊的)．“No one even knows his name, let alone bakes him cookies！” she said.1．What was the author's attitude to the contest in the supermarket?A．Positive. B．Negative.C．Neutral. D．Curious.2．From the text, what can we know about the janitor?A．He led a very poor life at that time.B．He always went to work after six o'clock.C．He was fond of baking cookies.D．He was kind and grateful.3．What does the passage mainly talk about?A．Kindness can always be passed on.B．An experience in a supermarket.C．The importance of having a kind dad.D．Smile makes your life meaningful.BResearchers have uncovered a village that may have been home to the builders of Stonehenge (巨石阵), the mysterious circular stone monument in England. The village of small houses dates back to about 2600 BC. That's about the same time Stonehenge was built.“Clearly, this is a place that was of enormous importance，”said researcher Mike Parker Pearson.The ancient houses are at a site known as Durrington Walls, about two miles from Stonehenge. Researchers believe Stonehenge was a memorial site or cemetery for the villagers. The village also had a wooden version of the stone circle. It may have been used by people attending festivals at Stonehenge.Eight of the houses have been excavated or dug up. Researchers say there may be as many as 25 of them. The wooden houses were square and about 14 feet long each side. There are signs of bed frames along the walls and of a dresser or storage unit. The houses also had fireplaces.Two of the houses were separate from the others and may have been the homes of community leaders. Researchers say those sites didn't have the debris (残骸) and household trash that was found in the other homes. Stone tools，animal bones, arrowheads and other artifacts were found throughout the village site.4．The village is of great importance in that ________．A．it was different from other villages of the timeB．it may have been home to the builders of mysterious StonehengeC．it may become an attractive tourist siteD．it had 25 old houses newly excavated5．According to the text，what might NOT be found throughout the village?A．A stone tool.B．An animal bone.C．An arrowhead.D．An iron spade.6．Which of the following is NOT true of the village?A．There may be 25 of them already dug up.B．The houses of the village were wooden and square.C．There were signs of bed frames along the walls.D．There were fireplaces.7．The aim of this text would probably be ________．A．to encourage more people to love research workB．to advise people to protect ancient sitesC．to introduce a new discoveryD．to attract more visitors to comeCYou always have to understand what you are good at, and what you are not good at. Or if you are interested in something you always have to master it first.When I was ten, I came over to my cousin's house, and that was pain because he lived in New York and I lived in Miami. So I came over every summer break by myself, of course I had my parents' permission to go that far.One day, we decided to head to the forest. I was looking forward to this trip because I knew that my cousin was an expert on tree climbing while I was not. So, as we walked closer and closer to the forest, I became_jealous_because I did not possess the ability to climb trees. When he started climbing a tree I was upset but I joined him hoping not to break my neck. Last summer break he invited me to his house. I was afraid of climbing to the tree so I gave up. But this time I tried climbing the tree. While I was climbing I was so scared like I was about to die at any moment. But when I was about to climb on the other branch I lost my balance. Luckily I got hold on one of the bottom branches. My cousin suddenly started climbing down and tried to help me. After he put me on the ground, he ran to get some help. The pain was just killing me, I lost a lot of blood and I knew that I have to be awake to survive.Finally, my cousin brought the help. When I waked up I was happy that I did not die. It was pretty insane what happened to me.8．The text is mainly about________.A．my cousinB．how to learn to climb a treeC．an impressive experienceD．how to avoid being hurt when climbing9．Which of the following statements was NOT mentioned in the passage?A．The author's cousin was skillful at tree climbing.B．After falling off, the author lay on the ground.C．The author would see his cousin every summer vacation.D．It was the first time for the author to climb the tree.10．The underlined word“jealous”in paragraph 3 means “________”．A．嫉妒的B．可怕的C．感动的 D．紧急的11．We can learn from the passage that ________．A．The author would learn how to climb the tree after recoveringB．You can do anything well if you are interested in itC．You should know yourself well first and do what you canD．The author could go out without his parents' permissionDDo you know how to prepare for and survive a major earthquake? According to Department of Conservation scientists, it is important to have the right answer to that question.How to Be PreparedElectricity, water, gas (煤气) and telephones may not be working after an earthquake. The police and fire departments are likely to be tied up. You should be prepared to fend_for yourself for at least three days, preferably for a week. You'll need food, water and so on. It's also a good idea to decide ahead of time how and where your family will reunite if separated during a quake. You might choose an outofthearea friend or relative that family members can call to check on you.________If you're indoors, stay there. Get under a desk or table. The kitchen is a particularly dangerous spot. If you're in an office building, stay away from windows and outside walls and do not use the elevator. If you're outside, get into the open. Stay clear of buildings, power lines or anything else that could fall on you. If you're driving, move the car out of traffic and stop. Avoid parking under or on bridges or overpasses.After an EarthquakeCheck for fire. If you smell gas, shut off the main gas valve (阀). If there's sign of damage to electrical wiring, shut off the power at the control box. If the phone is working, only use it in case of emergency (紧急状况). Avoid driving if possible to keep the streets clear for emergency vehicles. Be careful that things may fall out of cupboards when the door is opened, and also that chimneys can be weakened and fall with just a touch. Listen to the radio for important information and instructions. Remember that aftershocks, sometimes large enough to cause damage in their own right, generally follow large quakes. If you leave home, leave a message telling your friends and family your location.12．The underlined phrase “fend for” in the second paragraph probably means “________”．A．look for B．take care ofC．be proud of D．think of13．Which of the following would be the best subtitle for the third paragraph?A．Before an EarthquakeB．After Making PreparationsC．While Staying at HomeD．During an Earthquake14．What should you do when an earthquake happens?A．You should stay away from the kitchen.B．You should drive on a bridge.C．You should turn off the power.D．You should listen to the radio frequently.15．According to the passage, why doesn't the author advise driving after an earthquake?A．Because it is dangerous to drive as there will be aftershocks.B．Because your car will be easily damaged in the streets full of blocks.C．Because you should make way for emergency vehicles.D．Because you can't find a place to park your car.Ⅱ.任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

最新人教版高中数学必修三测试题及答案全套

最新人教版高中数学必修三测试题及答案全套阶段质量检测（一）（A 卷学业水平达标） (时间90分钟，满分120分)一、选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分) 1．下列给出的赋值语句正确的有( ) ①2＝A ； ②x ＋y ＝2； ③A －B ＝－2； ④A ＝A *AA ．0个B ．1个C ．2个D ．3个解析：选B 对于①，赋值语句中“＝”左右不能互换，即不能给常量赋值，左边必须为变量，右边必须是表达式，若改写为A ＝2就正确了；②赋值语句不能给一个表达式赋值，所以②是错误的，同理③也是错误的，这四种说法中只有④是正确的．2．计算机执行下面的程序段后，输出的结果是( )a ＝1b ＝3a ＝a ＋b b ＝a －bPRINT a ，bA ．1 3B ．4 1C ．0 0D ．6 0解析：选B 输出a ＝1＋3＝4，b ＝4－3＝1. 3．把二进制数10 110 011(2)化为十进制数为( ) A ．182 B ．181 C ．180D ．179解析：选D 10 110 011(2)＝1×27＋0×26＋1×25＋1×24＋0×23＋0×22＋1×21＋1×20＝128＋32＋16＋2＋1＝179.4．下图是计算函数y ＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧－x ， x ≤－1，0，－1＜x ≤2x 2， x ＞2的值的程序框图，则在①、②和③处应分别填入的是( )A．y＝－x，y＝0，y＝x2B．y＝－x，y＝x2，y＝0C．y＝0，y＝x2，y＝－xD．y＝0，y＝－x，y＝x2解析：选B当x＞－1不成立时，y＝－x，故①处应填“y＝－x”；当x＞－1成立时，若x＞2，则y＝x2，即②处应填“y＝x2”，否则y＝0，即③处应填“y＝0”．5．下面的程序运行后的输出结果为()A．17 B．19C．21 D．23解析：选C第一次循环，i＝3，S＝9，i＝2；第二次循环，i＝4，S＝11，i＝3；第三次循环，i＝5，S＝13，i＝4；第四次循环，i＝6，S＝15，i＝5；第五次循环，i＝7，S＝17，i＝6；第六次循环，i＝8，S＝19，i＝7；第七次循环，i＝9，S＝21，i＝8.此时i＝8，不满足i＜8，故退出循环，输出S＝21，结束．6．下面的程序运行后，输出的值是( )i ＝0DOi ＝i ＋1LOOP UNTIL 2^i ＞2 000 i ＝i －1PRINT i ENDA ．8B ．9C ．10D ．11解析：选C 由题意知，此程序为循环语句，当i ＝10时，210＝1 024；当i ＝11时，211＝2 048＞2 000，输出结果为i ＝11－1＝10.7．下列程序框图运行后，输出的结果最小是( )A ．2 015B ．2 014C ．64D ．63解析：选D 由题图知，若使n (n ＋1)2＞2 015，n 最小为63.8．(全国甲卷)中国古代有计算多项式值的秦九韶算法，如图是实现该算法的程序框图．执行该程序框图，若输入的x＝2，n ＝2，依次输入的a 为2,2,5，则输出的s ＝( )A ．7B ．12C．17 D．34解析：选C第一次运算：s＝0×2＋2＝2，k＝1；第二次运算：s＝2×2＋2＝6，k＝2；第三次运算：s＝6×2＋5＝17，k＝3>2，结束循环，s＝17.9．执行如图所示的程序框图，输出的结果为()A．55 B．89C．144 D．233解析：选B初始值：x＝1，y＝1，第1次循环：z＝2，x＝1，y＝2；第2次循环：z＝3，x＝2，y ＝3；第3次循环：z＝5，x＝3，y＝5；第4次循环：z＝8，x＝5，y＝8；第5次循环：z＝13，x＝8，y ＝13；第6次循环：z＝21，x＝13，y＝21；第7次循环：z＝34，x＝21，y＝34；第8次循环：z＝55，x ＝34，y＝55；第9次循环：z＝89，x＝55，y＝89；第10次循环时z＝144，循环结束，输出y，故输出的结果为89.10.(四川高考)秦九韶是我国南宋时期的数学家，普州(现四川省安岳县)人，他在所著的《数书九章》中提出的多项式求值的秦九韶算法，至今仍是比较先进的算法．如图所示的程序框图给出了利用秦九韶算法求某多项式值的一个实例．若输入n，x的值分别为3,2，则输出v的值为()A．9B．18C．20 D．35解析：选B由程序框图知，初始值：n＝3，x＝2，v＝1，i＝2，第一次循环：v＝4，i＝1；第二次循环：v＝9，i＝0；第三次循环：v＝18，i＝－1.结束循环，输出当前v的值18.故选B.二、填空题(本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分)11．459与357的最大公约数是________．解析：459＝357×1＋102,357＝102×3＋51,102＝51×2，所以459与357的最大公约数为51. 答案：5112．对任意非零实数a ，b ，若a ⊗b 的运算原理如图所示，则log 28⊗⎝⎛⎭⎫12－2＝________.解析：log 28＜⎝⎛⎭⎫12－2，由题图，知log 28⊗⎝⎛⎭⎫12－2＝3⊗4＝4－13＝1.答案：113．(山东高考)执行如图所示的程序框图，若输入的a ，b 的值分别为0和9，则输出的i 的值为________．解析：第1次循环：a ＝0＋1＝1，b ＝9－1＝8，a ＜b ，此时i ＝2；第2次循环：a ＝1＋2＝3，b ＝8－2＝6，a ＜b ，此时i ＝3；第3次循环：a ＝3＋3＝6，b ＝6－3＝3，a ＞b ，输出i ＝3. 答案：314．(天津高考改编)阅读如图所示的程序框图，运行相应的程序，则输出S 的值为________．解析：S＝4不满足S≥6，S＝2S＝2×4＝8，n＝1＋1＝2；n＝2不满足n＞3，S＝8满足S≥6，则S＝8－6＝2，n＝2＋1＝3；n＝3不满足n＞3，S＝2不满足S≥6，则S＝2S＝2×2＝4，n＝3＋1＝4；n＝4满足n＞3，输出S＝4.答案：4三、解答题(本大题共4小题，共50分．解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或运算步骤．)15．(本小题满分12分)如图是求1＋12＋13＋…＋1100的算法的程序框图．(1)标号①②处应分别是什么？(2)根据框图用“当”型循环语句编写程序．解：(1)①k＜101？(k＜＝100？)②S＝S＋1k. (2)程序如下：16．(本小题满分12分)以下是一个用基本算法语句编写的程序，根据程序画出其相应的程序框图．解：算法语句每一步骤对应于程序框图的步骤，其框图如下：17．(本小题满分12分)画出求12－22＋32－42＋…＋992－1002的值的程序框图．解：程序框图如图所示：18．(本小题满分14分)已知某算法的程序框图如图所示，若将输出的(x，y)值依次记为(x1，y1)，(x2，y2)，…，(x n，y n)．(1)若程序运行中输出的一个数组是(9，t)，求t的值；(2)程序结束时，共输出(x，y)的组数为多少？(3)写出程序框图的程序语句．解：(1)由程序框图知：当x＝1时，y＝0；当x＝3时，y＝－2；当x＝9时，y＝－4，所以t＝－4；(2)当n＝1时，输出一对，当n＝3时，又输出一对，…，当n＝2 015时，输出最后一对，共输出(x，y)的组数为1 007；(3)程序框图的程序语句如下：（B卷能力素养提升）（时间90分钟，满分120分）一、选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分)1．算法的每一步都应该是确定的，能有效执行的，并且得到确定的结果，这是指算法的( ) A ．有穷性 B ．确定性 C ．普遍性 D ．不唯一性答案：B2．已知函数y ＝⎩⎨⎧x ，x ≥0，x ＋1，x <0，输入自变量x 的值，输出对应的函数值．设计程序框图时，需用到的基本逻辑结构是( )A ．顺序结构B ．条件结构C ．顺序结构、条件结构D ．顺序结构、循环结构答案：C3．用“辗转相除法”求得360和504的最大公约数是( ) A ．72 B ．36 C ．24D ．2520解析：选A 504＝360×1＋144,360＝72×5＋0，故最大公约数是72. 4．若十进制数26等于k 进制数32，则k 等于( ) A ．4 B ．5 C ．6D ．8解析：选D 由题意知，26＝3×k 1＋2，解得k ＝8.5．阅读下图所示的程序框图，运行相应的程序，输出的结果是( )A ．3B ．11C ．38D ．123解析：选B 根据框图可知第一步的运算为：a ＝1＜10，满足条件，可以得到a ＝12＋2＝3，又因为a＝3＜10，满足条件，所以有a＝32＋2＝11，因为a＝11＞10，不满足条件，输出结果a＝11.6．对于下列算法：如果在运行时，输入2，那么输出的结果是()A．2,5 B．2,4C．2,3 D．2,9解析：选A本题主要考查条件语句的应用．输入a的值2，首先判断是否大于5，显然2不大于5，然后判断2与3的大小，显然2小于3，所以结果是b＝5，因此结果应当输出2,5.7．根据下面的算法，可知输出的结果S为()第一步，i＝1；第二步，判断i＜10是否成立，若成立，则i＝i＋2，S＝2i＋3，重复第二步，否则执行下一步；第三步，输出S.A．19 B．21C．25 D．27解析：选C该算法的运行过程是：i＝1，i＝1<10成立，i＝1＋2＝3，S＝2×3＋3＝9，i＝3<10成立，i＝3＋2＝5，S＝2×5＋3＝13，i＝5<10成立，i＝5＋2＝7，S＝2×7＋3＝17，i＝7<10成立，i＝7＋2＝9，S＝2×9＋3＝21，i＝9<10成立，i＝9＋2＝11，S＝2×11＋3＝25，i＝11<10不成立，输出S＝25.8．按下列程序运行的结果是()A．10.5 B．11.5C．16 D．25解析：选D A＝4.5，第一个条件结构中的条件不满足，则B＝6－3＝3，B＝3＋2＝5；而第二个条件结构中的条件满足，则B＝5×5＝25，所以运行结果为25.9．如图是求x1，x2，…，x10的乘积S的程序框图，图中空白框中应填入的内容为()A．S＝S*(n＋1)B．S＝S*x n＋1C．S＝S*nD．S＝S*x n解析：选D由题意知，由于求乘积，故空白框中应填入S＝S*x n.10．(全国卷Ⅱ)下边程序框图的算法思路源于我国古代数学名著《九章算术》中的“更相减损术”．执行该程序框图，若输入的a，b分别为14,18，则输出的a＝()A．0 B．2C．4 D．14解析：选B a＝14，b＝18.第一次循环：14≠18且14<18，b＝18－14＝4；第二次循环：14≠4且14>4，a＝14－4＝10；第三次循环：10≠4且10>4，a＝10－4＝6；第四次循环：6≠4且6>4，a＝6－4＝2；第五次循环：2≠4且2<4，b＝4－2＝2；第六次循环：a＝b＝2，跳出循环，输出a＝2，故选B.二、填空题(本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分)11．将二进制数110 101(2)化成十进制数，结果为________，再转为七进制数，结果为________．解析：110 101＝1×25＋1×24＋0×23＋1×22＋0×21＋1＝32＋16＋0＋4＋0＋1＝53.110 101(2)＝104(7)．答案：53104(7)12．如图所示，程序框图(算法流程图)的输出结果是________．解析：第一次进入循环体有T ＝0＋0，第二次有T ＝0＋1，第三次有T ＝0＋1＋2，……，第n 次有T ＝0＋1＋2＋…＋n －1(n ＝1,2,3，…)，令T ＝n (n －1)2>105，解得n>15，故n ＝16，k ＝15.答案：1513．输入8，下列程序执行后输出的结果是________．解析：∵输入的数据为8，t ≤4不成立， ∴c ＝0.2＋0.1(8－3)＝0.7. 答案：0.714．执行如图所示的程序框图，若输入n 的值为4，则输出s 的值为________．解析：第1次循环：s ＝1＋(1－1)＝1，i ＝1＋1＝2；第2次循环：s ＝1＋(2－1)＝2，i ＝2＋1＝3；第3次循环：s ＝2＋(3－1)＝4，i ＝3＋1＝4；第4次循环：s ＝4＋(4－1)＝7，i ＝4＋1＝5.循环终止，输出s 的值为7.答案：7三、解答题(本大题共4小题，共50分．解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤) 15．(本小题满分12分)阅读下列两个程序，回答问题． ①x ＝3 y ＝4 x ＝y PRINT x ，y END(1)上述两个程序的运行结果是：①________________；②_____________________________________________. (2)上述两个程序中的第三行有什么区别？解：(1)两个程序的运行结果是①4 4；②3 3；(2)程序①中的x ＝y 是将y 的值4赋给x ，赋值后，x 的值变为4，程序②中的y ＝x 是将x 的值3赋给y ，赋值后y 的值变为3.16．(本小题满分12分)用秦九韶算法求多项式f (x )＝7x 7＋6x 6＋5x 5＋4x 4＋3x 3＋2x 2＋x ，当x ＝3时的值．解：f (x )＝((((((7x ＋6)x ＋5)x ＋4)x ＋3)x ＋2)x ＋1)x ， v 0＝7，v 1＝7×3＋6＝27， v 2＝27×3＋5＝86， v 3＝86×3＋4＝262， v 4＝262×3＋3＝789， v 5＝789×3＋2＝2 369， v 6＝2 369×3＋1＝7 108， v 7＝7 108×3＋0＝21 324， ∴f (3)＝21 324.17．(本小题满分12分)在音乐唱片超市里，每张唱片售价25元，顾客购买5张(含5张)以上但不足10张唱片，则按九折收费，顾客购买10张以上(含10张)唱片，则按八五折收费，编写程序，输入顾客购买唱片的数量a ，输出顾客要缴纳的金额C .并画出程序框图．②x ＝3 y ＝4 y ＝x PRINT x ，yEND解：由题意得C ＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧25a ，a <5，22.5a ，5≤a ＜10，21.25a ，a ≥10.程序框图，如图所示：程序如下：18．(本小题满分14分)设计一个算法，求f(x)＝x 6＋x 5＋x 4＋x 3＋x 2＋x ＋1，当x ＝2时的函数值，要求画出程序框图，并写出程序．解：则程序框图为：程序为：S ＝0i ＝0WHILE i ≤6S ＝S ＋2^i i ＝i ＋1WEND PRINT S END阶段质量检测（二）（A 卷学业水平达标） (时间90分钟，满分120分)一、选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分)1．某学校为了调查高一年级的200名学生完成课后作业所需时间，采取了两种抽样调查的方式：第一种由学生会的同学随机抽取20名同学进行抽查；第二种由教务处对该年级的学生进行编号，从001到200，抽取学号最后一位为2的同学进行调查．则这两种抽样的方法依次是( )A ．分层抽样，简单随机抽样B ．简单随机抽样，分层抽样C ．分层抽样，系统抽样D ．简单随机抽样，系统抽样解析：选D 由抽样方法的概念知选D.2．将某班的60名学生编号为01,02，…，60，采用系统抽样方法抽取一个容量为5的样本，且随机抽得的一个号码为04，则剩下的四个号码依次是( )A ．09,14,19,24B ．16,28,40,52C ．10,16,22,28D ．08,12,16,20解析：选B 分成5组，每组12名学生，按等间距12抽取．选项B 正确．3．某学校有教师200人，男学生1 200人，女学生1 000人．现用分层抽样的方法从全体师生中抽取一个容量为n 的样本，若女学生一共抽取了80人，则n 的值为( )A ．193B ．192C ．191D ．190解析：选B 1 000×n200＋1 200＋1 000＝80，求得n ＝192.4．某商品的销售量y (件)与销售价格x (元/件)存在线性相关关系，根据一组样本数据(x i ，y i )(i ＝1,2，…，n )，用最小二乘法建立的回归方程为y ^＝－10x ＋200，则下列结论正确的是( )A ．y 与x 具有正的线性相关关系B ．若r 表示变量y 与x 之间的线性相关系数，则r ＝－10C ．当销售价格为10元时，销售量为100件D ．当销售价格为10元时，销售量在100件左右解析：选D y 与x 具有负的线性相关关系，所以A 项错误；当销售价格为10元时，销售量在100件左右，因此C 错误，D 正确；B 项中－10是回归直线方程的斜率．5．设有两组数据x 1，x 2，…，x n 与y 1，y 2，…，y n ，它们的平均数分别是x 和y ，则新的一组数据2x 1－3y 1＋1,2x 2－3y 2＋1，…，2x n －3y n ＋1的平均数是( )A ．2x －3yB ．2x －3y ＋1C ．4x －9yD ．4x －9y ＋1解析：选B 设z i ＝2x i －3y i ＋1(i ＝1,2，…，n )，则z ＝1n (z 1＋z 2＋…＋z n )＝2n (x 1＋x 2＋…＋x n )－3n (y 1＋y 2＋…＋y n )＋⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1＋1＋…＋1n ＝2x －3y ＋1.6．某学习小组在一次数学测验中，得100分的有1人，得95分的有1人，得90分的有2人，得85分的有4人，得80分和75分的各有1人，则该小组数学成绩的平均数、众数、中位数分别是( )A ．85,85,85B ．87,85,86C ．87,85,85D ．87,85,90解析：选C ∵得85分的人数最多为4人，∴众数为85，中位数为85，平均数为110(100＋95＋90×2＋85×4＋80＋75)＝87.7．某出租汽车公司为了了解本公司司机的交通违章情况，随机调查了50名司机，得的他们某月交通违章次数的数据制成了如图所示的统计图，根据此统计图可得这50名出租车司机该月平均违章的次数为( )A ．1B ．1.8C ．2.4D ．3解析：选B5×0＋20×1＋10×2＋10×3＋5×450＝1.8.8．下表是某厂1～4月份用水量情况(单位：百吨)的一组数据：用水量y 与月份x 之间具有线性相关关系，其线性回归方程为y ＝－0.7x ＋a ，则a 的值为( ) A ．5.25 B ．5 C ．2.5D ．3.5解析：选A 线性回归方程经过样本的中心点，根据数据可得样本中心点为(2.5,3.5)，所以a ＝5.25. 9．在元旦晚会举办的挑战主持人大赛上，七位评委为某选手打出的分数的茎叶统计图如图，去掉一个最高分和一个最低分后，所剩数据的平均数和方差分别为( )A.84,4.84 B ．84,1.6 C ．85,1.6D ．85,4解析：选C 去掉一个最高分93，去掉一个最低分79，平均数为15×(84＋84＋86＋84＋87)＝85，方差为15[(85－84)2＋(85－84)2＋(85－86)2＋(85－84)2＋(85－87)2]＝1.6.10．图甲是某县参加2017年高考学生的身高条形统计图，从左到右各条形表示的学生人数依次记为A 1，A 2，…，A 10{如A 2表示身高(单位：cm)在[150,155)内的学生人数}，图乙是统计图甲中身高在一定范围内学生人数的一个算法流程图．现要统计身高在160～180 cm(含160 cm ，不含180 cm)的学生人数，那么在流程图中的判断框内应填写的条件是( )A ．i ＜6?B ．i ＜7?C ．i ＜8?D ．i ＜9?解析：选C 由图甲可知身高在160～180 cm 的学生都在A 4～A 7内，∴i ＜8. 二、填空题(本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分)11．甲、乙两套设备生产的同类型产品共4 800件，采用分层抽样的方法从中抽取一个容量为80的样本进行质量检测．若样本中有50件产品由甲设备生产，则乙设备生产的产品总数为____件．解析：设乙设备生产的产品总数为x 件，则4 800－x 50＝x80－50，解得x ＝1 800，故乙设备生产的产品总数为1 800件．答案：1 80012．一个容量为40的样本数据分组后组数与频数如下：[25,25.3)，6；[25.3,25.6)，4；[25.6,25.9)，10；[25.9,26.2)，8；[26.2,26.5)，8；[26.5,26.8)，4，则样本在[25,25.9)上的频率为________．解析：[25,25.9)包括[25,25.3)，6；[25.3,25.6)，4；[25.6,25.9)，10；频数之和为20，频率为2040＝12.答案：1213．要考察某种品牌的500颗种子的发芽率，抽取60粒进行实验，利用随机数表法抽取种子时，先将500颗种子按001,002，…，500进行编号，如果从随机数表第7行第8列的数3开始向右读，请你依次写出最先检测的5颗种子的编号：____________________，_______，_______，_______，_______. (下面摘取了随机数表第7行至第9行) 84 42 17 53 31 57 24 55 06 88 77 04 74 47 67 21 76 33 50 25 83 92 12 06 7663 01 63 78 59 16 95 55 67 19 98 10 50 71 75 12 86 73 58 07 44 39 52 38 7933 21 12 34 29 78 64 56 07 82 52 42 07 44 38 15 51 00 13 42 99 66 02 79 54解析：选出的三位数分别为331,572,455,068,877,047,447，…，其中572,877均大于500，将其去掉，剩下的前5个编号为331,455,068,047,447.答案：331 455 068 047 44714．从某小学随机抽取100名同学，将他们的身高(单位：厘米)数据绘制成频率分布直方图(如下图)．由图中数据可知a ＝________.若要从身高在[120,130)，[130,140)，[140,150]三组的学生中，用分层抽样的方法选取18人参加一项活动，则从身高在[140,150]的学生中选取的人数应为________．解析：∵0.005×10＋0.035×10＋a ×10＋0.020×10＋0.010×10＝1， ∴a ＝0.030.设身高在[120,130)，[130,140)，[140,150]三组的学生分别有x ，y ，z 人，则x100＝0.030×10，解得x ＝30.同理，y ＝20，z ＝10.故从[140,150]的学生中选取的人数为1030＋20＋10×18＝3.答案：0.030 3三、解答题(本大题共4题，共50分．解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．)15．(本小题满分12分)某化肥厂有甲、乙两个车间包装肥料，在自动包装传送带上每隔30分钟抽取一包产品，称其重量(单位：kg)，分别记录抽查数据如下：甲：102,101,99,98,103,98,99；乙：110,115,90,85,75,115,110. (1)这种抽样方法是哪一种方法？(2)试计算甲、乙车间产品重量的平均数与方差，并说明哪个车间产品较稳定？解：(1)甲、乙两组数据间隔相同，所以采用的方法是系统抽样法． (2)x 甲＝17(102＋101＋99＋98＋103＋98＋99)＝100， x乙＝17(110＋115＋90＋85＋75＋115＋110)＝100， s 2甲＝17(4＋1＋1＋4＋9＋4＋1)≈3.43， s 2乙＝17(100＋225＋100＋225＋625＋225＋100)＝228.57， ∴s 2甲＜s 2乙，故甲车间产品比较稳定． 16．(本小题满分12分)对某校高一年级学生参加社区服务次数进行统计，随机抽取M 名学生作为样本，得到这M 名学生参加社区服务的次数．根据此数据作出频数与频率的统计表和频率分布直方图如下：(1)求出表中M ，p 及图中a 的值；(2)若该校高一学生有360人，试估计该校高一学生参加社区服务的次数在区间[10,15)的人数．解：由分组[10,15)的频数是10，频率是0.25，知10M ＝0.25，所以M ＝40.因为频数之和为40，所以10＋25＋m ＋2＝40，解得m ＝3.故p ＝3M ＝340＝0.075.因为a 是对应分组[15,20)的频率与组距的商，所以a ＝2540×5＝0.125.(2)因为该校高一学生有360人，分组[10,15)的频率是0.25，所以估计该校高一学生参加社区服务的次数在此区间内的人数为360×0.25＝90.17．(本小题满分12分)某地最近十年粮食需求量逐年上升，下表是部分统计数据：(1)利用所给数据求年需求量与年份之间的回归直线方程y ＝b x ＋a ； (2)利用(1)中所求出的直线方程预测该地2016年的粮食需求量．解：(1)由所给数据看出，年需求量与年份之间是近似直线上升的．对数据预处理如下：对预处理后的数据，容易算得x ＝0，y ＝3.2，b ^＝(－4)×(－21)＋(－2)×(－11)＋2×19＋4×2942＋22＋22＋42＝26040＝6.5. a ^＝y －b ^x ＝3.2.由上述计算结果知所求回归直线方程为 y ^－257＝b ^(x －2 010)＋a ^＝6.5(x －2 010)＋3.2. 即y ^＝6.5(x －2 010)＋260.2.①(2)利用直线方程①，可预测2016年的粮食需求量为 6．5×(2 016－2 010)＋260.2 ＝6.5×6＋260.2 ＝299.2(万吨)．18．(本小题满分14分)(四川高考)我国是世界上严重缺水的国家，某市为了制定合理的节水方案，对居民用水情况进行了调查．通过抽样，获得了某年100位居民每人的月均用水量(单位：吨)．将数据按照[0,0.5)，[0.5,1)，…，[4,4.5]分成9组，制成了如图所示的频率分布直方图．(1)求直方图中a 的值；(2)设该市有30万居民，估计全市居民中月均用水量不低于3吨的人数，说明理由； (3)估计居民月均用水量的中位数．解：(1)由频率分布直方图可知，月均用水量在[0,0.5)内的频率为0.08×0.5＝0.04，同理，在[0.5,1)，[1.5,2)，[2,2.5)，[3,3.5)，[3.5,4)，[4,4.5]内的频率分别为0.08，0.21，0.25,0.06,0.04,0.02.由1－(0.04＋0.08＋0.21＋0.25＋0.06＋0.04＋0.02)＝2a ×0.5，解得a ＝0.30.(2)由(1)知，该市100位居民中月均用水量不低于3吨的频率为0.06＋0.04＋0.02＝0.12.由以上样本的频率分布，可以估计30万居民中月均用水量不低于3吨的人数为300 000×0.12＝36 000. (3)设中位数为x 吨．因为前5组的频率之和为0.04＋0.08＋0.15＋0.21＋0.25＝0.73＞0.5，而前4组的频率之和为0.04＋0.08＋0.15＋0.21＝0.48＜0.5，所以2≤x＜2.5.由0.50×(x－2)＝0.5－0.48，解得x＝2.04.故可估计居民月均用水量的中位数为2.04吨．（B卷能力素养提升）(时间90分钟，满分120分)一、选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分)1．我校在检查学生作业时，抽出每班学号尾数为5的学生作业进行检查，这里运用的是() A．分层抽样B．抽签抽样C．随机抽样D．系统抽样答案：D2．下列各选项中的两个变量具有相关关系的是()A．长方体的体积与边长B．大气压强与水的沸点C．人们着装越鲜艳，经济越景气D．球的半径与表面积解析：选C A、B、D均为函数关系，C是相关关系．3．为了调查全国人口的寿命，抽查了十一个省(市)的2 500名城镇居民．这2 500名城镇居民的寿命的全体是()A．总体B．个体C．样本D．样本容量答案：C4．已知总体容量为106，若用随机数表法抽取一个容量为10的样本．下面对总体的编号最方便的是()A．1,2，…，106 B．0,1,2，…，105C．00,01，…，105 D．000,001，…，105解析：选D由随机数抽取原则可知选D.5．有一个容量为200的样本，其频率分布直方图如图所示．根据样本的频率分布直方图估计，样本数据落在区间[10,12)内的频数为()A ．18B ．36C ．54D ．72解析：选B 易得样本数据在区间[10,12)内的频率为0.18，则样本数据在区间[10,12)内的频数为36. 6．对一组数据x i (i ＝1,2,3，…，n )，如果将它们改变为x i ＋c (i ＝1,2,3，…，n )，其中c ≠0，则下面结论中正确的是( )A ．平均数与方差均不变B ．平均数变了，而方差保持不变C ．平均数不变，而方差变了D ．平均数与方差均发生了变化解析：选B 设原来数据的平均数为x －，将它们改变为x i ＋c 后平均数为x ′，则x ′＝x －＋c ，而方差s ′2＝1n[(x 1＋c －x －－c )2＋…＋(x n ＋c －x －－c )2]＝s 2.7．某中学高三从甲、乙两个班中各选出7名学生参加数学竞赛，他们取得的成绩(满分100分)的茎叶图如图，其中甲班学生成绩的众数是85，乙班学生成绩的中位数是83，则x ＋y 的值为( )A ．7B ．8C ．9D ．10解析：选B 甲班学生成绩的众数为85，结合茎叶图可知x ＝5；又因为乙班学生成绩的中位数是83，所以y ＝3，即x ＋y ＝5＋3＝8.8．相关变量x ，y 的样本数据如下表：经回归分析可得y 与x 线性相关，并由最小二乘法求得回归直线方程为y ^＝1.1x ＋a ，则a ＝( ) A ．0.1 B ．0.2 C ．0.3D ．0.4 解析：选C ∵回归直线经过样本点的中心(x ，y )，且由题意得(x ，y )＝(3,3.6)，∴3.6＝1.1×3＋a ，∴a ＝0.3.9．甲、乙两支女子曲棍球队在去年的国际联赛中，甲队平均每场进球数是3.2，全年进球数的标准差为3；乙队平均每场进球数是1.8，全年进球数的标准差为0.3.下列说法中，正确的个数为( )①甲队的技术比乙队好；②乙队发挥比甲队稳定；③乙队几乎每场都进球；④甲队的表现时好时坏．A．1个B．2个C．3个D．4个解析：选D因为甲队的平均进球数比乙队多，所以甲队技术较好，①正确；乙队的标准差比甲队小，标准差越小越稳定，所以乙队发挥稳定，①也正确；乙队平均每场进球数为1.8，所以乙队几乎每场都进球，①正确；由于s甲＝3，s乙＝0.3，所以甲队与乙队相比，不稳定，所以甲队的表现时好时坏，①正确．10．已知数据：①18,32，－6,14,8,12；②21,4,7,14，－3,11；③5,4,6,5,7,3；④－1,3,1,0,0，－3.各组数据中平均数和中位数相等的是()A．①B．②C．③D．①②③④解析：选D运用计算公式x＝1n(x1＋x2＋…＋x n)，可知四组数据的平均数分别为13,9,5,0.根据中位数的定义：把每组数据从小到大排列，取中间一位数(或两位的平均数)即为该组数据的中位数，可知四组数据的中位数分别为13,9,5,0.故每组数据的平均数和中位数均对应相等．二、填空题(本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分)11．某个年级有男生560人，女生420人，用分层抽样的方法从该年级全体学生中抽取一个容量为280的样本，则此样本中男生人数为________．解析：由分层抽样得，此样本中男生人数为560×280560＋420＝160.答案：16012．(山东高考)下图是根据部分城市某年6月份的平均气温(单位：℃)数据得到的样本频率分布直方图，其中平均气温的范围是[20.5,26.5]．样本数据的分组为[20.5，21.5)，[21.5,22.5)，[22.5,23.5)，[23.5,24.5)，[24.5，25.5)，[25.5，26.5]．已知样本中平均气温低于22.5 ℃的城市个数为11，则样本中平均气温不低于25.5 ℃的城市个数为________．解析：设样本容量为n，则n×(0.1＋0.12)×1＝11，所以n＝50，故所求的城市数为50×0.18＝9.答案：913．(江苏高考)抽样统计甲、乙两位射击运动员的5次训练成绩(单位：环)，结果如下：解析：对于甲，平均成绩为x －＝90，所以方差为s 2＝15×[(87－90)2＋(91－90)2＋(90－90)2＋(89－90)2＋(93－90)2]＝4，对于乙，平均成绩为x －＝90，方差为s 2＝15×[(89－90)2＋(90－90)2＋(91－90)2＋(88－90)2＋(92－90)2]＝2.由于2<4，所以乙的平均成绩较为稳定．答案：214．某班12位学生父母年龄的茎叶图如图所示，则12位同学母亲的年龄的中位数是________，父亲的平均年龄比母亲的平均年龄多________岁.解析：由41＋432＝42，得中位数是42.母亲平均年龄＝42.5，父亲平均年龄为45.5，因而父亲平均年龄比母亲平均年龄多3岁．答案：42 3三、解答题(本大题共4小题，共50分．解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤) 15．(本小题满分12分)某花木公司为了调查某种树苗的生长情况，抽取了一个容量为100的样本，测得树苗的高度(cm)数据的分组及相应频数如下：[107,109)3株；[109,111)9株；[111,113)13株； [113,115)16株；[115,117)26株；[117,119)20株； [119,121)7株；[121,123)4株；[123,125]2株． (1)列出频率分布表； (2)画出频率分布直方图；(3)据上述图表，估计数据在[109,121)范围内的可能性是百分之几？解：(2)频率分布直方图如下：(3)由上述图表可知数据落在[109,121)范围内的频率为：0.94－0.03＝0.91，即数据落在[109,121)范围内的可能性是91%.16．(本小题满分12分)甲、乙两位学生参加数学竞赛培训，现分别从他们在培训期间参加的若干次预赛成绩中随机抽取8次，记录如下：甲 82 81 79 78 95 88 93 84 乙 92 95 80 75 83 80 90 85 (1)用茎叶图表示这两组数据；(2)现要从中选派一人参加数学竞赛，从统计学的角度(在平均数、方差或标准差中选两个)考虑，你认为选派哪位学生参加合适？请说明理由？解：(1)作出茎叶图如下：(2)x 甲＝18(78＋79＋81＋82＋84＋88＋93＋95)＝85，x 乙＝18(75＋80＋80＋83＋85＋90＋92＋95)＝85.s 2甲＝18[(78－85)2＋(79－85)2＋(81－85)2＋(82－85)2＋(84－85)2＋(88－85)2＋(93－85)2＋(95－85)2]＝35.5，s 2乙＝18[(75－85)2＋(80－85)2＋(80－85)2＋(83－85)2＋(85－85)2＋(90－85)2＋(92－85)2＋(95－85)2]＝41， ∵x甲＝x 乙，s 2甲<s 2乙，∴甲的成绩较稳定，派甲参赛比较合适．17．(本小题满分12分)某个服装店经营某种服装，在某周内获纯利y (元)与该周每天销售这些服装件数x 之间有如下一组数据：已知∑i ＝17x 2i ＝280，∑i ＝17x i y i ＝3 487， (1)求x ，y ；(2)求纯利y 与每天销售件数x 之间的回归直线方程； (3)每天多销售1件，纯利y 增加多少元？解：(1)x ＝17(3＋4＋5＋…＋9)＝6，y ＝17(66＋69＋…＋91)≈79.86.(2)设回归直线方程为y ^＝a ^＋b ^x ，则b ^＝∑i ＝17x i y i －7x － y－∑i ＝17x 2i －7x2＝3 487－7×6×79.86280－7×62≈4.75. a ^＝y －b x －≈79.86－4.75×6＝51.36. ∴所求的回归直线方程为y ^＝51.36＋4.75x .(3)由回归直线方程知，每天多销售1件，纯利增加4.75元．18．(本小题满分14分)某地统计局就该地居民的月收入调查了10 000人，并根据所得数据画了样本的频率分布直方图(每个分组包括左端点，不包括右端点，如第一组表示收入在[1 000，1 500))．(1)求居民月收入在[3 000,3 500)的频率； (2)根据频率分布直方图算出样本数据的中位数；(3)为了分析居民的收入与年龄、职业等方面的关系，必须按月收入再从这10 000人中用分层抽样方法抽出100人作进一步分析，则月收入在[2 500，3 000)的这段应抽多少人？解：(1)月收入在[3 000,3 500)的频率为0.000 3×(3 500－3 000)＝0.15. (2)∵0.000 2×(1 500－1 000)＝0.1， 0．000 4×(2 000－1 500)＝0.2， 0．000 5×(2 500－2 000)＝0.25， 0．1＋0.2＋0.25＝0.55>0.5.∴样本数据的中位数为2 000＋0.5－(0.1＋0.2)0.000 5＝2 000＋400＝2 400(元)．(3)居民月收入在[2 500,3 000)的频率为0.000 5×(3 000－2 500)＝0.25，所以10 000人中月收入在[2 500,3 000)的人数为0.25×10 000＝2 500(人)．再从10 000人中分层抽样方法抽出100人，则月收入在[2 500，3 000)的这段应抽取100×2 50010 000＝25(人)．阶段质量检测（三）（A 卷学业水平达标） (时间90分钟，满分120分)一、选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分)1．把黑、红、白3张纸牌分给甲、乙、丙三人，则事件“甲分得红牌”与“乙分得红牌”是( ) A ．对立事件 B ．互斥但不对立事件 C ．不可能事件D ．必然事件解析：选B 根据题意，把黑、红、白3张纸牌分给甲、乙、丙三人，事件“甲分得红牌”与“乙分得红牌”不会同时发生，故两者是互斥事件，但除了“甲分得红牌”与“乙分得红牌”之外，还有“丙分得红牌”，故两者不是对立事件，所以事件“甲分得红牌”与“乙分得红牌”是互斥但不对立事件．2．已知集合A ＝{2,3}，B ＝{1,2,3}，从A ，B 中各任意取一个数，则这两数之和等于4的概率是( ) A.23 B ．12C.13D ．16解析：选C 从A ，B 中各取一个数有(2,1)，(2,2)，(2,3)，(3,1)，(3,2)，(3,3)，共6种情况，其中和为4的有(2,2)，(3,1)，共2种情况，所以所求概率P ＝26＝13.3．在区间[－3,3]上任取一个实数，所得实数是不等式x 2＋x －2≤0的解的概率为( ) A.16 B ．13C.12D ．23解析：选C 由x 2＋x －2≤0，得－2≤x ≤1，所求概率为1－(－2)3－(－3)＝12.4．在正方体ABCD A 1B 1C 1D 1中随机取点，则点落在四棱锥O ABCD 内(O 为正方体的对角线的交点)的概率是( )A.13 B ．16C.12D ．14解析：选B 设正方体的体积为V ，则四棱锥O ABCD 的体积为V6，所求概率为V 6V ＝16.5．从{}a ，b ，c ，d ，e 的所有子集中任取一个，这个集合恰是集合{}a ，b ，c 子集的概率是( ) A.35 B ．25C.14D ．18解析：选C 符合要求的是∅，{}a ，{}b ，{}c ，{}a ，b ，{}a ，c ，{}b ，c ，{}a ，b ，c 共8个，而集合{}a ，b ，c ，d ，e 共有子集25＝32个，∴P ＝14.6．(全国乙卷)为美化环境，从红、黄、白、紫4种颜色的花中任选2种花种在一个花坛中，余下的2种花种在另一个花坛中，则红色和紫色的花不在同一花坛的概率是( ) A.13B.12C.23D.56解析：选C 从4种颜色的花中任选2种颜色的花种在一个花坛中，余下2种颜色的花种在另一个花坛的种数有：红黄—白紫、红白—黄紫、红紫—白黄、黄白—红紫、黄紫—红白、白紫—红黄，共6种，其中红色和紫色的花不在同一花坛的种数有：红黄—白紫、红白—黄紫、黄紫—红白、白紫—红黄，共4种，故所求概率为P ＝46＝23，故选C.7．连续掷两次骰子，以先后得到的点数m ，n 为点P (m ，n )的坐标，那么点P 在圆x 2＋y 2＝17内部的概率是( )A.19 B ．29C.13D ．49解析：选B 点P (m ，n )的坐标的所有可能为6×6＝36种，而点P 在圆x 2＋y 2＝17内部只有⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧m ＝1n ＝1，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ m ＝1n ＝2，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ m ＝1n ＝3，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ m ＝2n ＝1，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ m ＝2n ＝2，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ m ＝2n ＝3，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ m ＝3n ＝1，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧m ＝3n ＝2，共8种，故概率为29.8．甲、乙、丙三人在3天节假日中值班，每人值班1天，则甲排在乙的前面值班的概率是( ) A.16 B ．14C.13 D ．12解析：选C 甲、乙、丙三人在3天中值班的情况为甲，乙，丙；甲，丙，乙；丙，甲，乙；丙，乙，甲；乙，甲，丙；乙，丙，甲共6种，其中符合题意的有2种，故所求概率为13.9．一袋中装有大小相同，编号分别为1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8的八个卡片，从中无放回．．．地每次抽一张卡片，共抽2次，则取得两张卡片的编号和不小于．．．14的概率为( )A.128 B ．156C.356D ．114 解析：选D 从中无放回地取2次，所取号码共有56种，其中和不小于14的有4种，分别是(6,8)，(8,6)，(7,8)，(8,7)，故所求概率为456＝114.10．小莉与小明一起用A ，B 两枚均匀的小立方体(立方体的每个面上分别标有数字1,2,3,4,5,6)玩游戏，以小莉掷的A 立方体朝上的数字为x ，小明掷的B 立方体朝上的数字为y 来确定点P (x ，y )，那么他们各。

人教版高中生物必修3 阶段质量检测三种群和群落含答案

种群和群落(时间：45分钟满分：50分)一、选择题(每小题2分，共24分)1．下列实例中，依次符合种群和群落概念的是( )A．某水库中所有的鱼类和所有的鲤鱼B．蛇岛上所有的蝮蛇和所有的蛇类C．一座山上所有的草和一个果园中的全部生物D．卧龙自然保护区中的全部大熊猫和全部生物解析：选D 某水库中所有的鱼类不是一个物种，也不是所有生物，既不是种群，也不是群落；蛇岛上所有的蝮蛇是一个种群，所有的蛇类不是所有生物，不是群落；一座山上所有的草不是一个物种，不能构成种群；卧龙自然保护区中的全部大熊猫构成一个种群，全部生物构成一个群落。

2．下列有关种群和群落的描述，正确的是( )A．采用样方法和标志重捕法可分别调查植物的种群密度和动物的丰富度B．随着演替的进行，群落内物种组成越来越简单C．在群落水平上研究草原，要研究草原的范围和边界D．繁殖季节，成年鲈鱼吞食小鲈鱼的行为属于捕食解析：选C 样方法和标志重捕法可分别调查植物和动物的种群密度，而非动物的丰富度；随着演替的进行，群落内物种组成越来越复杂；群落的范围和边界，是群落水平研究的问题之一；繁殖季节，成年鲈鱼吞食小鲈鱼的行为属于种内斗争。

3．下列关于生物群落结构及群落演替的叙述错误的是( )A．生物群落中植物的垂直分层与光照强度有关B．光照强度、地形、土壤湿度等是水平方向上分布着不同生物类群的原因C．毁林开荒、围湖造田可以改变群落结构但不会导致生物群落发生演替D．自然条件下，群落演替一般朝着物种多样化、群落结构复杂化、生态功能完善化的方向发展解析：选C 生物群落中植物的垂直分层与光照强度有关；水平方向上分布着不同生物类群的原因有：光照强度、地形、土壤湿度、盐碱度的不同等；毁林开荒、围湖造田可以改变群落结构并可能导致生物群落发生演替；自然条件下，群落演替一般朝着物种多样化、群落结构复杂化、生态功能完善化的方向发展。

4．某池塘中，某种蝌蚪生活在表层，取食藻类，该种蝌蚪发育为成蛙后营两栖生活，主要以昆虫为食。

人教版必修三全部内容质量检测

2009-2010学年度第二学期高二生物期未考试卷（总分100分）一、单项选择题（每小题1分，计34分，请把所选的选项填入答题卡中）1．稳态是机体进行正常生命活动的必要条件，当稳态遭到破坏，必将引起（）A．酶促反应速率的加快 B．儿童患佝偻病C．细胞代谢紊乱 D．成年人患肌无力病2.长时间行走使脚掌磨出了水泡，几天后水泡消失。

此时水泡中的液体主要渗入（）A、组织细胞B、毛细血管和各级动脉、静脉C、各级动脉和静脉D、毛细血管和毛细淋巴管3．组织水肿是由于组织液增多、大量积累在组织细胞间隙造成的。

下列各项中不会．．引起组织水肿的是( )A. 营养不良导致血浆蛋白含量减少B. 花粉过敏使毛细血管通透性增大C. 饮食过咸导致血浆渗透压过高D. 淋巴回流受阻组织液中滞留大分子物质4．给一氧化碳中毒的病人进行输氧时，要在纯氧中混入5%的二氧化碳气体，以维持呼吸中枢的兴奋，这主要是利用什么调节 ( )A. 神经调节B. 体液调节C. 激素调节D. 内分泌调节5. 将青蛙的后趾皮肤剥掉，再将浸有稀硫酸的小纸片贴在该部位，蛙无反应。

这是因为已经破坏了该青蛙反射弧的( )A．感受器B．传入神经纤维C．传出神经纤维D．效应器6.某人腰椎部因受外伤造成右侧下肢运动障碍，但有感觉。

该病人受损伤的部分可能是在反射弧的：①传入神经②传出神经③感受器④神经中枢⑤效应器A.②④B.①④C.①②D.②⑤7.下图示神经元局部模式图。

当人体内兴奋流经该神经元时，在神经纤维膜内外的电流方向是( )A．都是由左向右B．都是由右向左C．膜内由左向右，膜外由右向左D．膜内由右向左，膜外由左向右8. 某些麻醉剂是一种神经递质的阻断剂，当人体使用这些麻醉剂后，痛觉消失了，而其它大部分神经的传递功能正常。

这一事实说明：( )A.不同的神经纤维是以不同的递质传递B.不同神经元之间的递质可能不同C.所有的神经之间的递质可能相同D.麻醉剂能作用于大脑皮层，使人意识模糊9．决定反射时间的长短的主要因素是 ( )A．刺激强度的大小B．感受器的兴奋性C．中枢突触的数目D．效应器的兴奋性10．如图所示，神经纤维MB段距离长于MC段，在M处给以电刺激，在B,C处用电流计测其电位变化，电流计指针 ( )A.不动B.向左摆C.向右摆D.发生两次方向相反的摆动11．激素从释放到消失所经过的时间称为该激素的半衰期。

必修三 Units 3～5质量过关检测

必修三Units 3～5质量过关检测本卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。

共150分。

时间：120分钟。

第Ⅰ卷(选择题共115分)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节：(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1．How is the woman going to the airport?A．By taxi.B．By bus.C．By train.2．Who is Jack?A．A waiter. B．A guest.C．A salesman.3．What is the relationship between the speakers?A．Mother and son.B．Teacher and student.C．Husband and wife.4．What does the man mean?A．Alice will not come on time.B．The woman is too anxious.C．He is eager to see Alice.5．What can we learn from the conversation?A．The woman visited the Sydney Opera House.B．The woman has been to America recently.C．The woman likes beautiful buildings.第二节：(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面6段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后都有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。

2019-2020学年高中数学人教版必修三阶段质量检测(二) Word版含答案

阶段质量检测（二）（A 卷学业水平达标） (时间90分钟，满分120分)一、选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分)1．某学校为了调查高一年级的200名学生完成课后作业所需时间，采取了两种抽样调查的方式：第一种由学生会的同学随机抽取20名同学进行抽查；第二种由教务处对该年级的学生进行编号，从001到200，抽取学号最后一位为2的同学进行调查．则这两种抽样的方法依次是( )A ．分层抽样，简单随机抽样B ．简单随机抽样，分层抽样C ．分层抽样，系统抽样D ．简单随机抽样，系统抽样解析：选D 由抽样方法的概念知选D.2．将某班的60名学生编号为01,02，…，60，采用系统抽样方法抽取一个容量为5的样本，且随机抽得的一个号码为04，则剩下的四个号码依次是( )A ．09,14,19,24B ．16,28,40,52C ．10,16,22,28D ．08,12,16,20解析：选B 分成5组，每组12名学生，按等间距12抽取．选项B 正确．3．某学校有教师200人，男学生1 200人，女学生1 000人．现用分层抽样的方法从全体师生中抽取一个容量为n 的样本，若女学生一共抽取了80人，则n 的值为( )A ．193B ．192C ．191D ．190解析：选B 1 000×n200＋1 200＋1 000＝80，求得n ＝192.4．某商品的销售量y (件)与销售价格x (元/件)存在线性相关关系，根据一组样本数据(x i ，y i )(i ＝1,2，…，n )，用最小二乘法建立的回归方程为y ^＝－10x ＋200，则下列结论正确的是( )A ．y 与x 具有正的线性相关关系B ．若r 表示变量y 与x 之间的线性相关系数，则r ＝－10C ．当销售价格为10元时，销售量为100件D ．当销售价格为10元时，销售量在100件左右解析：选D y 与x 具有负的线性相关关系，所以A 项错误；当销售价格为10元时，销售量在100件左右，因此C 错误，D 正确；B 项中－10是回归直线方程的斜率．5．设有两组数据x 1，x 2，…，x n 与y 1，y 2，…，y n ，它们的平均数分别是x 和y ，则新的一组数据2x 1－3y 1＋1,2x 2－3y 2＋1，…，2x n －3y n ＋1的平均数是( )A ．2x －3yB ．2x －3y ＋1C ．4x －9yD ．4x －9y ＋1解析：选B 设z i ＝2x i －3y i ＋1(i ＝1,2，…，n )，则z ＝1n (z 1＋z 2＋…＋z n )＝2n (x 1＋x 2＋…＋x n )－3n (y 1＋y 2＋…＋y n )＋⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1＋1＋…＋1n ＝2x －3y ＋1.6．某学习小组在一次数学测验中，得100分的有1人，得95分的有1人，得90分的有2人，得85分的有4人，得80分和75分的各有1人，则该小组数学成绩的平均数、众数、中位数分别是( )A ．85,85,85B ．87,85,86C ．87,85,85D ．87,85,90解析：选C ∵得85分的人数最多为4人，∴众数为85，中位数为85，平均数为110(100＋95＋90×2＋85×4＋80＋75)＝87.7．某出租汽车公司为了了解本公司司机的交通违章情况，随机调查了50名司机，得的他们某月交通违章次数的数据制成了如图所示的统计图，根据此统计图可得这50名出租车司机该月平均违章的次数为( )A ．1B ．1.8C ．2.4D ．3解析：选B5×0＋20×1＋10×2＋10×3＋5×450＝1.8.8．下表是某厂1～4月份用水量情况(单位：百吨)的一组数据：用水量y 与月份x 之间具有线性相关关系，其线性回归方程为y ＝－0.7x ＋a ，则a 的值为( ) A ．5.25 B ．5 C ．2.5D ．3.5解析：选A 线性回归方程经过样本的中心点，根据数据可得样本中心点为(2.5,3.5)，所以a ＝5.25. 9．在元旦晚会举办的挑战主持人大赛上，七位评委为某选手打出的分数的茎叶统计图如图，去掉一个最高分和一个最低分后，所剩数据的平均数和方差分别为( )A.84,4.84 B ．84,1.6 C ．85,1.6D ．85,4解析：选C 去掉一个最高分93，去掉一个最低分79，平均数为15×(84＋84＋86＋84＋87)＝85，方差为15[(85－84)2＋(85－84)2＋(85－86)2＋(85－84)2＋(85－87)2]＝1.6. 10．图甲是某县参加2017年高考学生的身高条形统计图，从左到右各条形表示的学生人数依次记为A 1，A 2，…，A 10{如A 2表示身高(单位：cm)在[150,155)内的学生人数}，图乙是统计图甲中身高在一定范围内学生人数的一个算法流程图．现要统计身高在160～180 cm(含160 cm ，不含180 cm)的学生人数，那么在流程图中的判断框内应填写的条件是( )A ．i ＜6?B ．i ＜7?C ．i ＜8?D ．i ＜9?解析：选C 由图甲可知身高在160～180 cm 的学生都在A 4～A 7内，∴i ＜8. 二、填空题(本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分)11．甲、乙两套设备生产的同类型产品共4 800件，采用分层抽样的方法从中抽取一个容量为80的样本进行质量检测．若样本中有50件产品由甲设备生产，则乙设备生产的产品总数为____件．解析：设乙设备生产的产品总数为x 件，则4 800－x 50＝x80－50，解得x ＝1 800，故乙设备生产的产品总数为1 800件．答案：1 80012．一个容量为40的样本数据分组后组数与频数如下：[25,25.3)，6；[25.3,25.6)，4；[25.6,25.9)，10；[25.9,26.2)，8；[26.2,26.5)，8；[26.5,26.8)，4，则样本在[25,25.9)上的频率为________．解析：[25,25.9)包括[25,25.3)，6；[25.3,25.6)，4；[25.6,25.9)，10；频数之和为20，频率为2040＝12. 答案：1213．要考察某种品牌的500颗种子的发芽率，抽取60粒进行实验，利用随机数表法抽取种子时，先将500颗种子按001,002，…，500进行编号，如果从随机数表第7行第8列的数3开始向右读，请你依次写出最先检测的5颗种子的编号：____________________，_______，_______，_______，_______. (下面摘取了随机数表第7行至第9行)84 42 17 53 31 57 24 55 06 88 77 04 74 47 67 21 76 33 50 25 83 92 12 06 7663 01 63 78 59 16 95 55 67 19 98 10 50 71 75 12 86 73 58 07 44 39 52 38 7933 21 12 34 29 78 64 56 07 82 52 42 07 44 38 15 51 00 13 42 99 66 02 79 54解析：选出的三位数分别为331,572,455,068,877,047,447，…，其中572,877均大于500，将其去掉，剩下的前5个编号为331,455,068,047,447.答案：331 455 068 047 44714．从某小学随机抽取100名同学，将他们的身高(单位：厘米)数据绘制成频率分布直方图(如下图)．由图中数据可知a ＝________.若要从身高在[120,130)，[130,140)，[140,150]三组的学生中，用分层抽样的方法选取18人参加一项活动，则从身高在[140,150]的学生中选取的人数应为________．解析：∵0.005×10＋0.035×10＋a ×10＋0.020×10＋0.010×10＝1， ∴a ＝0.030.设身高在[120,130)，[130,140)，[140,150]三组的学生分别有x ，y ，z 人，则x100＝0.030×10，解得x ＝30.同理，y ＝20，z ＝10.故从[140,150]的学生中选取的人数为1030＋20＋10×18＝3.答案：0.030 3三、解答题(本大题共4题，共50分．解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．)15．(本小题满分12分)某化肥厂有甲、乙两个车间包装肥料，在自动包装传送带上每隔30分钟抽取一包产品，称其重量(单位：kg)，分别记录抽查数据如下：甲：102,101,99,98,103,98,99；乙：110,115,90,85,75,115,110. (1)这种抽样方法是哪一种方法？(2)试计算甲、乙车间产品重量的平均数与方差，并说明哪个车间产品较稳定？解：(1)甲、乙两组数据间隔相同，所以采用的方法是系统抽样法． (2)x 甲＝17(102＋101＋99＋98＋103＋98＋99)＝100，x 乙＝17(110＋115＋90＋85＋75＋115＋110)＝100， s 2甲＝17(4＋1＋1＋4＋9＋4＋1)≈3.43，s 2乙＝17(100＋225＋100＋225＋625＋225＋100)＝228.57，∴s 2甲＜s 2乙，故甲车间产品比较稳定．16．(本小题满分12分)对某校高一年级学生参加社区服务次数进行统计，随机抽取M 名学生作为样本，得到这M 名学生参加社区服务的次数．根据此数据作出频数与频率的统计表和频率分布直方图如下：(1)求出表中M ，p 及图中a 的值；(2)若该校高一学生有360人，试估计该校高一学生参加社区服务的次数在区间[10,15)的人数．解：由分组[10,15)的频数是10，频率是0.25，知10M＝0.25，所以M ＝40.因为频数之和为40，所以10＋25＋m ＋2＝40，解得m ＝3.故p ＝3M ＝340＝0.075.因为a 是对应分组[15,20)的频率与组距的商，所以a ＝2540×5＝0.125.(2)因为该校高一学生有360人，分组[10,15)的频率是0.25，所以估计该校高一学生参加社区服务的次数在此区间内的人数为360×0.25＝90.17．(本小题满分12分)某地最近十年粮食需求量逐年上升，下表是部分统计数据：(1)利用所给数据求年需求量与年份之间的回归直线方程y ＝b x ＋a ； (2)利用(1)中所求出的直线方程预测该地2016年的粮食需求量．解：(1)由所给数据看出，年需求量与年份之间是近似直线上升的．对数据预处理如下：对预处理后的数据，容易算得x ＝0，y ＝3.2， b ^＝－－＋－－＋2×19＋4×2942＋22＋22＋42＝26040＝6.5. a ^＝y －b ^x ＝3.2.由上述计算结果知所求回归直线方程为y ^－257＝b ^(x －2 010)＋a ^＝6.5(x －2 010)＋3.2. 即y ^＝6.5(x －2 010)＋260.2.①(2)利用直线方程①，可预测2016年的粮食需求量为 6．5×(2 016－2 010)＋260.2 ＝6.5×6＋260.2 ＝299.2(万吨)．18．(本小题满分14分)(四川高考)我国是世界上严重缺水的国家，某市为了制定合理的节水方案，对居民用水情况进行了调查．通过抽样，获得了某年100位居民每人的月均用水量(单位：吨)．将数据按照[0,0.5)，[0.5,1)，…，[4,4.5]分成9组，制成了如图所示的频率分布直方图．(1)求直方图中a的值；(2)设该市有30万居民，估计全市居民中月均用水量不低于3吨的人数，说明理由；(3)估计居民月均用水量的中位数．解：(1)由频率分布直方图可知，月均用水量在[0,0.5)内的频率为0.08×0.5＝0.04，同理，在[0.5,1)，[1.5,2)，[2,2.5)，[3,3.5)，[3.5,4)，[4,4.5]内的频率分别为0.08，0.21，0.25,0.06,0.04,0.02.由1－(0.04＋0.08＋0.21＋0.25＋0.06＋0.04＋0.02)＝2a×0.5，解得a＝0.30.(2)由(1)知，该市100位居民中月均用水量不低于3吨的频率为0.06＋0.04＋0.02＝0.12.由以上样本的频率分布，可以估计30万居民中月均用水量不低于3吨的人数为300 000×0.12＝36 000.(3)设中位数为x吨．因为前5组的频率之和为0.04＋0.08＋0.15＋0.21＋0.25＝0.73＞0.5，而前4组的频率之和为0.04＋0.08＋0.15＋0.21＝0.48＜0.5，所以2≤x＜2.5.由0.50×(x－2)＝0.5－0.48，解得x＝2.04.故可估计居民月均用水量的中位数为2.04吨．（B卷能力素养提升）(时间90分钟，满分120分)一、选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分)1．我校在检查学生作业时，抽出每班学号尾数为5的学生作业进行检查，这里运用的是( )A．分层抽样B．抽签抽样C．随机抽样D．系统抽样答案：D2．下列各选项中的两个变量具有相关关系的是( )A．长方体的体积与边长B．大气压强与水的沸点C．人们着装越鲜艳，经济越景气D．球的半径与表面积解析：选C A、B、D均为函数关系，C是相关关系．3．为了调查全国人口的寿命，抽查了十一个省(市)的2 500名城镇居民．这2 500名城镇居民的寿命的全体是( )A．总体B．个体C ．样本D ．样本容量答案：C4．已知总体容量为106，若用随机数表法抽取一个容量为10的样本．下面对总体的编号最方便的是( )A ．1,2，…，106B ．0,1,2，…，105C ．00,01，…，105D ．000,001，…，105解析：选D 由随机数抽取原则可知选D.5．有一个容量为200的样本，其频率分布直方图如图所示．根据样本的频率分布直方图估计，样本数据落在区间[10,12)内的频数为( )A ．18B ．36C ．54D ．72解析：选B 易得样本数据在区间[10,12)内的频率为0.18，则样本数据在区间[10,12)内的频数为36. 6．对一组数据x i (i ＝1,2,3，…，n )，如果将它们改变为x i ＋c (i ＝1,2,3，…，n )，其中c ≠0，则下面结论中正确的是( )A ．平均数与方差均不变B ．平均数变了，而方差保持不变C ．平均数不变，而方差变了D ．平均数与方差均发生了变化解析：选B 设原来数据的平均数为x －，将它们改变为x i ＋c 后平均数为x ′，则x′＝x －＋c ，而方差s ′2＝1n[(x 1＋c －x －－c )2＋…＋(x n ＋c －x －－c )2]＝s 2.7．某中学高三从甲、乙两个班中各选出7名学生参加数学竞赛，他们取得的成绩(满分100分)的茎叶图如图，其中甲班学生成绩的众数是85，乙班学生成绩的中位数是83，则x ＋y 的值为( )A ．7B ．8C ．9D ．10解析：选B 甲班学生成绩的众数为85，结合茎叶图可知x ＝5；又因为乙班学生成绩的中位数是83，所以y ＝3，即x ＋y ＝5＋3＝8.8．相关变量x ，y 的样本数据如下表：经回归分析可得y 与x 线性相关，并由最小二乘法求得回归直线方程为y ^＝1.1x ＋a ，则a ＝( ) A ．0.1 B ．0.2 C ．0.3D ．0.4解析：选C ∵回归直线经过样本点的中心(x ，y )，且由题意得(x ，y )＝(3,3.6)，∴3.6＝1.1×3＋a ，∴a ＝0.3.9．甲、乙两支女子曲棍球队在去年的国际联赛中，甲队平均每场进球数是3.2，全年进球数的标准差为3；乙队平均每场进球数是1.8，全年进球数的标准差为0.3.下列说法中，正确的个数为( )①甲队的技术比乙队好；②乙队发挥比甲队稳定； ③乙队几乎每场都进球；④甲队的表现时好时坏． A ．1个 B ．2个 C ．3个D ．4个解析：选D 因为甲队的平均进球数比乙队多，所以甲队技术较好，①正确；乙队的标准差比甲队小，标准差越小越稳定，所以乙队发挥稳定，②也正确；乙队平均每场进球数为1.8，所以乙队几乎每场都进球，③正确；由于s 甲＝3，s 乙＝0.3，所以甲队与乙队相比，不稳定，所以甲队的表现时好时坏，④正确．10．已知数据：①18,32，－6,14,8,12；②21,4,7,14，－3,11；③5,4,6,5,7,3；④－1,3,1,0,0，－3.各组数据中平均数和中位数相等的是( )A ．①B ．②C ．③D ．①②③④解析：选D 运用计算公式x ＝1n (x 1＋x 2＋…＋x n )，可知四组数据的平均数分别为13,9,5,0.根据中位数的定义：把每组数据从小到大排列，取中间一位数(或两位的平均数)即为该组数据的中位数，可知四组数据的中位数分别为13,9,5,0.故每组数据的平均数和中位数均对应相等．二、填空题(本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分)11．某个年级有男生560人，女生420人，用分层抽样的方法从该年级全体学生中抽取一个容量为280的样本，则此样本中男生人数为________．解析：由分层抽样得，此样本中男生人数为560×280560＋420＝160.答案：16012．(山东高考)下图是根据部分城市某年6月份的平均气温(单位：℃)数据得到的样本频率分布直方图，其中平均气温的范围是[20.5,26.5]．样本数据的分组为[20.5，21.5)，[21.5,22.5)，[22.5,23.5)，[23.5,24.5)，[24.5，25.5)，[25.5，26.5]．已知样本中平均气温低于22.5 ℃的城市个数为11，则样本中平均气温不低于25.5 ℃的城市个数为________．解析：设样本容量为n ，则n ×(0.1＋0.12)×1＝11，所以n ＝50，故所求的城市数为50×0.18＝9. 答案：913．(江苏高考)抽样统计甲、乙两位射击运动员的5次训练成绩(单位：环)，结果如下：解析：对于甲，平均成绩为x －＝90，所以方差为s 2＝15×[(87－90)2＋(91－90)2＋(90－90)2＋(89－90)2＋(93－90)2]＝4，对于乙，平均成绩为x －＝90，方差为s 2＝15×[(89－90)2＋(90－90)2＋(91－90)2＋(88－90)2＋(92－90)2]＝2.由于2<4，所以乙的平均成绩较为稳定．答案：214．某班12位学生父母年龄的茎叶图如图所示，则12位同学母亲的年龄的中位数是________，父亲的平均年龄比母亲的平均年龄多________岁.解析：由41＋432＝42，得中位数是42.母亲平均年龄＝42.5，父亲平均年龄为45.5，因而父亲平均年龄比母亲平均年龄多3岁．答案：42 3三、解答题(本大题共4小题，共50分．解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤) 15．(本小题满分12分)某花木公司为了调查某种树苗的生长情况，抽取了一个容量为100的样本，测得树苗的高度(cm)数据的分组及相应频数如下：[107,109)3株；[109,111)9株；[111,113)13株； [113,115)16株；[115,117)26株；[117,119)20株； [119,121)7株；[121,123)4株；[123,125]2株．(1)列出频率分布表；(2)画出频率分布直方图；(3)据上述图表，估计数据在[109,121)范围内的可能性是百分之几？解：(2)(3)由上述图表可知数据落在[109,121)范围内的频率为：0.94－0.03＝0.91，即数据落在[109,121)范围内的可能性是91%.16．(本小题满分12分)甲、乙两位学生参加数学竞赛培训，现分别从他们在培训期间参加的若干次预赛成绩中随机抽取8次，记录如下：甲82 81 79 78 95 88 93 84乙92 95 80 75 83 80 90 85(1)用茎叶图表示这两组数据；(2)现要从中选派一人参加数学竞赛，从统计学的角度(在平均数、方差或标准差中选两个)考虑，你认为选派哪位学生参加合适？请说明理由？解：(1)作出茎叶图如下：(2)x 甲＝18(78＋79＋81＋82＋84＋88＋93＋95)＝85，x 乙＝18(75＋80＋80＋83＋85＋90＋92＋95)＝85.s 2甲＝18[(78－85)2＋(79－85)2＋(81－85)2＋(82－85)2＋(84－85)2＋(88－85)2＋(93－85)2＋(95－85)2]＝35.5，s 2乙＝18[(75－85)2＋(80－85)2＋(80－85)2＋(83－85)2＋(85－85)2＋(90－85)2＋(92－85)2＋(95－85)2]＝41，∵x 甲＝x 乙，s 2甲<s 2乙，∴甲的成绩较稳定，派甲参赛比较合适．17．(本小题满分12分)某个服装店经营某种服装，在某周内获纯利y (元)与该周每天销售这些服装件数x 之间有如下一组数据：已知∑i ＝17x2i ＝280，∑i ＝17x i y i ＝3 487，(1)求x ，y ；(2)求纯利y 与每天销售件数x 之间的回归直线方程； (3)每天多销售1件，纯利y 增加多少元？解：(1)x ＝17(3＋4＋5＋…＋9)＝6，y ＝17(66＋69＋…＋91)≈79.86.(2)设回归直线方程为y ^＝a ^＋b ^x ，则b ^＝∑i ＝17xiyi －7x － y－∑i ＝17x2i －7x 2＝3 487－7×6×79.86280－7×62≈4.75.a ^＝y －b x －≈79.86－4.75×6＝51.36. ∴所求的回归直线方程为y ^＝51.36＋4.75x .(3)由回归直线方程知，每天多销售1件，纯利增加4.75元．18．(本小题满分14分)某地统计局就该地居民的月收入调查了10 000人，并根据所得数据画了样本的频率分布直方图(每个分组包括左端点，不包括右端点，如第一组表示收入在[1 000，1 500))．(1)求居民月收入在[3 000,3 500)的频率；(2)根据频率分布直方图算出样本数据的中位数；(3)为了分析居民的收入与年龄、职业等方面的关系，必须按月收入再从这10 000人中用分层抽样方法抽出100人作进一步分析，则月收入在[2 500，3 000)的这段应抽多少人？解：(1)月收入在[3 000,3 500)的频率为0.000 3×(3 500－3 000)＝0.15.(2)∵0.000 2×(1 500－1 000)＝0.1，0．000 4×(2 000－1 500)＝0.2，0．000 5×(2 500－2 000)＝0.25，0．1＋0.2＋0.25＝0.55>0.5.∴样本数据的中位数为2 000＋0.5－＋0.000 5＝2 000＋400＝2 400(元)．(3)居民月收入在[2 500,3 000)的频率为0.000 5×(3 000－2 500)＝0.25，所以10 000人中月收入在[2 500,3 000)的人数为0.25×10 000＝2 500(人)．再从10 000人中分层抽样方法抽出100人，则月收入在[2 500，3 000)的这段应抽取100×2 50010 000＝25(人)．。

高中语文必修三暑假作业：第一单元复习质量检测

中学语文必修三暑假作业：第一单元复习质量检测中学语文必修三暑假作业：第一单元复习质量检测一、基础巩固(15分，每小题3分)1.下面各组词语中，加点字注音全部正确的一项是( ) A. 禅让(chn) 瞋目(chēn)厢庑(wǔ) 为虎作伥(chāng)B. 山墺(o) 歆享(xīn)狡黠(xi) 眼睛窈陷(yǎo)C. 舵把(du) 剽窃(piāo)莅临(l) 焚膏继晷(guǐ)D. 桅杆(wi) 斐然(fěi)颠簸(bǒ) 泾渭分明(jng)解析：A项，禅应读shB项，黠应读xiD项，泾应读jīng。

答案：C2.下列词语中，没有错别字的一项是( )A.搀着陪笑荣禧堂鬓发如银B.怀疑密秘蓝夹袄沸反盈天C.蹙缩计性帆脚绳惨不忍睹D.抖动英磅上下鄂皮开肉绽解析：B项，密秘隐私;C项，计D项，鄂颚。

答案：A3.下面句子中，加点成语运用恰当的一项是( )A.各位营员从哪所学校来，又实际编排在哪一爱好班，他都了如指掌。

B.这一批年轻的科学家，正以无所不为的志气不懈行进在追求科学真理的征程上。

C.合作小组协力攻关，无暇他顾。

有人却趁机大肆侵吞攻关成果，坐收渔人之利。

D.假如日本政府对我方的严正申明仍旧置若罔闻，一意孤行，最终必将自食恶果。

解析：A项，了如指掌，形容视察事物或现象特别透彻，能清晰地看出其本质。

可改为一清二楚。

B项，无所不为，没有什么不干的;指什么坏事都干。

可改为无所畏惧。

C项，渔人之利，比方第三者利用另外双方的冲突冲突而取得的利益。

句中说协力攻关，无暇他顾，这里不存在另外双方的冲突。

D项，置若罔闻，放在一边，似乎没有听见似的。

指不予理睬。

此处用法正确。

答案：D4.下列各句中，没有语病的一句是( ) A.任何人企图煽动少数僧人实行激烈的行动，以破坏西藏的稳定，是不利于藏族地区发展和藏族人民是否华蜜安康的，也是不得人心的B.林书豪，这个曾对中国球迷而言还相当生疏的名字，现在已几乎成为和姚明一样在中国家喻户晓的篮球明星。

2021-2022学年高中英语外研版必修三习题：单元质量检测(六) Word版含答案

Module 6 单元质量检测(六)(时间：100分钟满分：120分本卷共4页)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

ATo get to the tennis court, Conner Stroud has to push his wheelchair there.The 15yearold from North Carolina, US was born without legs. But when he picks up his racquet (球拍) and begins to hit a ball, you quickly see that the young man just want to win.Stroud began playing tennis at age 5 at the small tennis club his parents own. For years, he played against ablebodied players by putting rubber on the stumps (残余部分) of his legs. Though he was a foot (30.48 cm) or two shorter than many of the players he played against, he won a number of matches. He became wellknown enough that he got to meet Rafael Nadal, his favorite player at the US Open in 2021.“The most important thing is that he's happy，”Nadal told reports about Stroud after that 15minute meeting.“He's playing tennis ... That's a great example of being happy even if life doesn't give you everything.”Stroud started playing wheelchair tennis at 13 and now he is No 1 in the US.Earlier this summer, he played for the US in the world's biggest junior wheelchair team tennis event — the World Team Cup. He played six matches and won five of them as the US won the cup for the first time since 2000.“He is a polite boy, but he will rip (撕扯) your heart out trying to beat you，”Jason Harnett, a United States Tennis Association coach, said of Stroud.“You see that attitude in a lot of the best players, whether they are ablebodied or disabled.”Teenage players can often get disappointed and angry. Racquets sometimes get thrown. Players shout at themselves after missed shots. Stroud never does that.“I just try to stay positive，”Stroud said.“After every point, I try to say I'm going to win the next point, or the next game, or the next game, or the whole match.“Th ere's always room to be positive. You can always win another time.”1．How is Conner Stroud different from other tennis players?A．He was disabled in a car accident.B．He has been coached by his father since the age of 5.C．He is too short to be a tennis playerD．He was born disabled, yet he plays tennis well.2．What impressed Rafael Nadal the most about Conner Stroud?A．His desire to win the match.B．His happiness about playing tennis.C．His faith in life, even though he is disabled.D．The training he went through to play tennis.3．Which of the following words best described Conner Stroud?A．Positive. B．Independent.C．Humorous. D．Considerate.BIndia has a very vast history and heritage (遗产). The country has witnessed some of the most important events in the past and every event has an effect of its own on the culture, religion, lifestyle, and economy of the country. This is one of the leading reasons why tourists prefer India to travel and explore. Historical tours in India provide everything that a traveler expects from his/her journey. These historical tours give an opportunity to study and explore Indian history.Historical tours of India generally consisted of four phases: ancient, medieval (中世纪的), modern India and contemporary (当代的) India. Some of the historical travel packages are：Forts and PalacesThe rich cultural past of India is reflected in the countless (很多的) forts and palaces across the country. Most of the forts were constructed as a defense device to keep the enemy away and palaces were made on the names of the kings and queens. Some of the famous forts and palaces are: Agra Fort(Agra), Fatehpur Sikri (Agra), Hawa Mahal (Jaipur), Amber Fort (Jaipur), City Palace (Jaipur), Gwalior Fort (Gwalior), Mysore Palace (Mysore), Red Fort (Delhi), etc.India Heritage ToursThe main purpose of India Heritage tours is to make Indians as well as tourists familiar with the rich Indian legacy (遗产). The heritage of the country is at least 5，000 years. Some of the heritage tours are: medieval heritage, Rajput heritage, Golden Triangle, splendid Gujarat, etc.South India Historical ToursThe Southern India is known for its diversity and there are many places, which attract tourists, not only from the country but also from all around the world. The famous tourists' destinations (景区) in South India include Goa, Cochin, Kerala, Munnar, Periyar, Kottayam and the list goes on and on.4．The main purpose of this passage is ________．A．to report some important events in the history of IndiaB．to help study the culture and history of IndiaC．to tell us how to explore the history of IndiaD．to introduce some tours that can explore the history of India5．Many tourists prefer India to travel and explore because ________．A．its culture is greatly influenced by its historyB．modern India has little to studyC．Indian people have an interesting lifestyleD．India's history is longer than that of any other country6．Most forts were built in order to ________．A．honor the kingsB．keep enemies awayC．act as a palace for queensD．attract tourists7．According to the passage, Rajput heritage ________．A．is a famous fort in IndiaB．has a history of no more than 200 yearsC．lies in South IndiaD．is one of the heritages in IndiaCResearchers have uncovered a village that may have been home to the builders of Stonehenge (巨石阵), the mysterious circular stone monument in England. The village of small houses dates back to about 2600 BC. That's about the same time Stonehenge was built.“Clearly, this is a place that was of enormous importance，”said researcher Mike Parker Pearson.The ancient houses are at a site known as Durrington Walls, about two miles from Stonehenge. Researchers believe Stonehenge was a memorial site or cemetery for the villagers. The village also had a wooden version of the stone circle. It may have been used by people attending festivals at Stonehenge.Eight of the houses have been excavated or dug up. Researchers say there may be as many as 25 of them. The wooden houses were square and about 14 feet long each side. There are signs of bed frames along the walls and of a dresser or storage unit. The houses also had fireplaces.Two of the houses were separate from the others and may have been the homes of community leaders. Researchers say those sites didn't have the debris (残骸) and household trash that was found in the other homes. Stone tools，animal bones, arrowheads and other artifacts were found throughout the village site.8．The village is of great importance in that ________．A．it was different from other villages of the timeB．it may have been home to the builders of mysterious StonehengeC．it may become an attractive tourist siteD．it had 25 old houses newly excavated9．According to the text，what might NOT be found throughout the village?A．A stone tool.B．An animal bone.C．An arrowhead.D．An iron spade.10．Which of the following is NOT true of the village?A．There may be 25 of them already dug up.B．The houses of the village were wooden and square.C．There were signs of bed frames along the walls.D．There were fireplaces.11．The aim of this text would probably be ________．A．to encourage more people to love research workB．to advise people to protect ancient sitesC．to introduce a new discoveryD．to attract more visitors to comeDVisiting animals in their natural homes may sound like a great idea that helps to save them, but is it?Researchers writing in Trends in Ecology & Evolution on Oct 9 said that the interactions between wild animals and friendly ecotourists who want to take their pictures may put animals at greater risk of being eaten.It is clear that many people visit protected areas every year.“Recent data showed that protected areas around the globe have 8 billion visitors per year; that's like each human on Earth visited a protected area once a year, and then some！”said Dainel Blumstein of the University of California, Los Anglels.“This amount of nature tourism and ecotourism can be added to the long list of ways in which humans cause fast environmental change.The basic idea of the report is that humans change the ways animals act and those changes might affect other parts of their lives, according to Science Daily. Those changes in behavior and activity may put animals at risk.“When animals spend time in ‘harmless’ ways with humans, they may let down their guard，”Blumstein said. As animals get used to feeling comfortable with humans, they may become braver in other situations, he says.“If this bravery continues when they meet real predators (捕食者), then they will di e more often when they meet them.”Ecotourism is in some ways similar to making animals live in human homes or in cities. In all three cases, regular interactions between people and animals tame. Evidence has shown that silver foxes that live with people become more laidback and less fearful; this results from evolutionary changes but also from spending time with humans. Simply put, as Blumstein asked in the Scientific American magazine：“Does ecotourism make animals dumb？”And that's not all —humans can also scare away natural predators, creating the socalled “human shield effect” and a safe environment for smaller animals that might make them braver, too. When humans are around, for example, vervet monkeys don't see as many leopards (猎豹) trying to eat them.Blumstein says they hope to do more research into humans' interactions with wildlife. Scientists will now have to understand better how different species and species in different situations react to humans and when humans might put them at risk.12．The main focus of report in Trends in Ecology & Evolution was the idea that ________．A．ecotourism cause damage to the natural homes of wildlifeB．it is easy for ecotourists to build up trust with wide animalsC．th e changes brought by ecotourism may be harmfulD．protected areas around the world are overloaded with tourists13．The underlined word “dumb” in paragraph 6 probably means “________”．A．anxious B．activeC．curious D．stupid14．The author uses vervet monkeys as an example to show that ________．A．different species react to humans in different waysB．the presence of humans reduces the threat from predatorsC．smaller animals tend to be braver in front of predatorsD．interactions with humans make animals more relaxed and less fearful15．We can infer that the writer wrote this passage mainly to ________．A．explain what ecotourism isB．tell us something interesting about natureC．suggest that we stop eating meat to save animalsD．wildlife tourism may seem helpful, but it can be deadly for some animalsⅡ.任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

人教版高中物理必修三全册综合检测卷-含答案

人教版高中物理必修三全册综合检测卷-含答案考试时间：75分钟；卷面分值：100学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________考号：___________题号一二三四总分得分注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回第I卷（选择题）请点击修改第I卷的文字说明评卷人得分一单选题（共28分）1．（本题4分）某移动电源上标志的4500mAh反映的物理量是（）A．电压B．电量C．功率D．能量2．（本题4分）为了防止静电的危害，应尽快把静电导走。

下列措施不可行的是（）A．印染车间里保持适当的湿度B．电工钳柄上套有一绝缘胶套C．飞机的轮胎装有搭地线或用导电的橡胶制造D．电子工厂内的技术人员戴上接地脚环或防静电手腕带3．（本题4分）一代代物理学家们在探究客观世界的过程中，不断发现物理规律，总结研究方法，推动了生产力的发展和人类文明的进步。

下列关于物理学史和物理学方法的叙述，正确的是（）A．“点电荷”和“电场强度”概念的提出，都应用了比值定义法B．法国物理学家库仑发现了库仑定律，并通过油滴实验测定了元电荷的电荷量C．地面上的人观察高速飞行的火箭时，发现火箭里的钟表变慢了D．海王星是先观测到再计算其位置后被确定的，被称为“笔尖下发现的行星”4．（本题4分）如图所示，O P为匀强电场中的两点，下列说法正确的是（）A．O点的场强一定比P点的大B．O点的电势一定比P点的高C．同一电荷在O点的电势能一定比在P点的大D．将电荷从O点移到P点，电场力一定做正功5．（本题4分）正方形ABCD四个顶点上放置着电荷量相同的电性如图所示的点电荷，O为正方形两对角线的交点，M N P Q分别为AO BO CO DO的中点。

高中生物必修三《稳态与环境》期末质量检测试题(含答案)

必修三《稳态与环境》期末质量检测卷（一）说明：1.考试时间为90分钟。

2.本试卷分为Ⅰ卷和Ⅱ卷两部分，满分为100分。

把Ⅰ卷各题答案用签字笔按序填写在答题．．卡．上，把Ⅱ卷各题的答案写在答题纸上的指定位置。

第I卷（选择题，共60分）一、选择题（本大题共30题，每题2分，共60分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题意）1．下列关于内环境稳态的描述不正确的是（）A．内环境的稳态主要是指其各种化学成分和理化性质的恒定B．所有的稳态都是相对的C．稳态的形成都有许多器官、系统的参与D．人体调节内环境稳态的能力是有限的2．下列不是维持内环境稳定的生理活动是（）A．炎热的夏天，人体内产生的热引起出汗而使体温不至于上升B．剧烈运动时血液中的乳酸上升C．干渴时尿量明显减少D．人少量失血后，血量很快恢复正常3．关于内环境稳态的调节的叙述，不正确的是（）A．内环境的稳态与激素调节无关B．免疫系统对内环境的稳态也起着重要的调节作用C．内环境的稳态影响酶的活性，酶的活性反过来又影响内环境稳态的调节D．内环境的稳态主要依赖于神经—体液—免疫网络的调节4．下图示突触的亚显微结构，a、d分别表示两个神经元的局部。

下列与此相关的表述中正确的是（）A．图中①②③合称为突触小体，是神经元树突的末端B．兴奋由b传至c的过程中，①处膜外电流方向是b→cC．③内的神经递质经④释放然后作用于⑥D．经④释放的递质将会引起突触前后两个神经元的同时兴奋5．下列对激素调控的描述中，正确的是（）①激素调控通过改变细胞的代谢而发挥效能②激素调控的启动较慢、持续时间较长③人和高等动物的生理活动，主要是通过激素调控来协调的④激素调控迅速而精确，反应时间短A．①B．②C．③D．①②6．一个健康人在短时间内喝下了大量的浓糖水，在一段时间后被验出尿液中含有葡萄糖。

试分析在这段时间内，此人不会出现下列哪种现象（）A．血糖浓度升高B．糖元合成量减少C．口渴D．胰岛素分泌增加7．关于人体内水和无机盐平衡的调节的叙述中，正确的是（）A．血浆渗透压降低时，引起口渴B．机体失水时，抗利尿激素分泌减少C．抗利尿激素使细胞吸水能力增强D．抗利尿激素使细胞吸水能力减弱8．在人体中，由某些细胞合成与释放，并影响其他细胞生理功能的一组物质是（）A．信使RNA、必需氨基酸B．激素、递质C．淀粉酶、解旋酶D．肝糖元、丙酮酸9．右图是细胞免疫中x细胞与靶细胞密切接触后的杀伤作用过程示意图，其中x细胞是指（）A．B细胞B．T细胞C．浆细胞D．效应T细胞10．细胞免疫和体液免疫的共同点是（）A．都能产生抗体B．都属于非特异性免疫C．免疫细胞都在骨髓中成熟D．都能产生记忆细胞11．如图，在燕麦胚芽顶端的下部插入云母片，从右边用光照射，燕麦胚芽的生长情况将是（）A．直立向上生长B．不生长C．向左弯曲生长D．向右弯曲生长12．将4株长势相同，具有顶芽的健壮植株分别进行如下处理，其中哪一处理办法最有利于侧芽发育成枝条（）A．去顶芽后，在断口上放一块不含生长素的琼脂小块B．去顶芽后，在断口上放一块富含生长素的琼脂小块C．不去顶芽，在侧芽上涂以含低浓度生长素的琼脂D．不去顶芽，在侧芽上涂以含高浓度生长素的琼脂13．根据生长素的生理作用判断生长素类似物不能用于（）A．促进月季插枝生根B．棉花的保蕾保铃C．人工培育无子番茄D．促进香蕉的成熟14．要调查某生态系统中下列种群的种群密度，应选用标志重捕法的是（）A．一片草地上的蒲公英B．一块农田中的玉米C．一个池塘中的鲫鱼D．一片森林中的黑松15．观察右图，分析下列相关叙述中，错误的是（）A．种群呈现“J”型增长的前提条件是环境、资源非常优越，生存空间无限B．呈现“S”型增长的种群，随着时间的推移，种群增长所受的环境阻力不断加大C．在自然界中，种群的增长曲线一般是“S”型曲线D．种群增长的“J”型曲线有K值，只是K值较大，图中没有表示出来16．在一个湖泊生态系统中，群落是指该地域中的（）A．所有的花鲢B．所有的浮游生物C．所有的生物D．所有生物及无机环境17．大多数生物群落在空间上有垂直分层现象，称为群落的垂直结构。

新课标版英语必修三(课件)单元质量检测卷三高考调研精讲精练

单元质量检测卷(三)[时间：120分钟满分：150分]第一部分听力(省略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。

Before We Were YoursAuthor: Lisa WingatePublished in 2017Before We Were Yours is a touching story about families broken apart and families reunited. It moves deeply almost everyone who reads it. Before We Were Yours is adapted(改编) from real-life historical events, making the novel an interesting read for those who want to find out more about the great happenings in postwar American history.Nudge: Improving Decisions about Health, Wealth, and Happiness Author: Richard H. Thaler and Cass R. SunsteinPublished in 2008The book is written by Richard H. Thaler, the winner of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 2017, and Cass R. Sunstein and21. What is special about the book Before We Were Yours?A. It is based on the real events.B. It is written for parents.C. It describes the history of America.D. It talks about the events during the war.22. Which book may teach you to spend your money wisely?A. Before We Were Yours.B. Still Just Kidding.C. The Fault in Our Stars.D. Nudge: Improving Decisions about Health, Wealth, and Happiness.23. What’s your feeling after reading the book The Fault in Our Stars?A. Shocked.B. Sad.C. Funny.D. Lucky.答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四本书。

2019-2020学年外研版高中英语必修三学练测精练：单元质量评估检测卷(三) Word版含答案

姓名，年级：时间：单元质量评估检测卷(三）（时间：120分钟满分：150分)第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1。

5分,满分7。

5分）听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍。

1．What is the man speaker's idea?A．To London Eye.B．To the Thames River。

C．To Piccadilly Circus。

2．What does the woman speaker think of James？A．Stonehearted. B．Considerate。

C．Warm。

hearted。

3．What kind of room does Braine want？A．A single room。

B．A double room。

C．A two。

bed room。

4．What makes the man lose his match?A．Without his coach's help。

B．His poor performance.C．Not following his coach.5．What does the woman think of her presentation？A．Done with Dr.Willy's help.B．Done with her own effort.C．Easily done by Dr.Willy.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22。

5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍。

高一英语北师大版必修三习题单元质量检测(一) 含答案

a ( ；单元质量检测(一)(时间：100 分钟满分：120 分本卷共 4 页)Ⅰ.阅读理解(30 分)AAre the British people Europeans ？This may seem a strange question to Africans andAsians, who tend to think of all white men as Europeans. But the British, when they arein Britain, do not regard themselves as Europeans. The Europeans, to them, are thoserather excitable foreigners from the other side of the English Channel, who have neverlearnt how to speak English. Europe is “the Continent”： place full of interest forBritish tourists, but also the source of almost all the wars in which Britain has everbeen involved. Thus, although geographically speaking Britain is a part of Europe, yetthe fact that it is a separate island has made its people feel very, very insular 孤立的 ). They feel, and in many ways are, different from the rest of Europe and theysometimes annoy continental nations by failing to support them, or even to understandthem, in time of need.Where did the British people come from ？This is an extraordinary interesting question,since they are a mixture of many different races ，and all these races invaded Britainat various times from Europe. Nobody knows very much about Britain before the Romanscame during the firstcentury B ．C., but there had been at least three invasions beforethat. The first of these was by a darkhaired Mediterranean race called the Iberians.The other two were by Celtic tribes: first the Gaels, whose descendants are the modernScots and Irish, some of whom still speak the Gaelic languageand second the Britons,who gave their name to the whole island of Britain. These were the people whom the Romansconquered. The Romans gave the Britons a good deal of their civilization, but they neversettled in Britain in very large numbers, so the British race survived until the overthrowof the Roman Empire by the “barbarians ”， i ．e. the numerous Germanic tribes which overranthe whole of Western Europe.1．The purpose of the passage is to________．A ．talk about EuropeansB ．discuss the origin of British peopleC ．argue for the superiority of British peopleD ．compare the Europeans with Africans and Asians？2．It can be known from the passage that________．A ．most people think white people are EuropeansB ．there are many Africans and Asians living in EuropeC ．white men are Europeans in the eyes of Africans and AsiansD ．the British people think of themselves as Europeans3．Why do the British people feel very insular?A ．They are different from those people in the continent.B ．They sometimes fail to support the continental countries in time of need.C ．They are separated geographically from the continent.D ．They are considered very difficult to understand.4．Which of the following might be discussed after this passage?A ．The Germanic tribes which invaded Britain.B ．The civilization the Romans gave Britain.C ．The Romans who did not settle in Britain.D ．The survival of the British people in the first century B ．C.BOnce Napoleon stayed in a small inn. The next morning, he went to thank the innkeeper.“You have served me well, innkeeper ，” said Napoleon. “I wish to reward you. Tellme what you want.”“Sir, we want nothing ，” said the innkeeper. “But will you tell us something ”“What is it ？” Napoleon asked.“We have heard a story ，” said the innkeeper, “that once during the war, a smallvillage was taken by the Russians. You happened to be in the village. You hid while theylooked for you. Will you tell us how you felt when they were looking for you ？” Napoleonlooked very angry. He called in two of his soldiers. Then he pointed to the door. Thesoldiers took the innkeeper and his wife out into the yard.At the end of the yard was a wall. The innkeeper and his wife were led to the wall.The soldiers tied the hands of the innkeeper and his wife. Napoleon watched, sayingnothing.“Please, sir.” begged the innkeeper, “Don't kill us! We meant nothing ！” Thesoldiers moved back. The innkeeper saw them raising their guns. Then Napoleon called:“Ready! Aim ！” The wife screamed.“Stop！” said Napoleon. He went to the innkeeper,“Now, you know the answer to the question you asked me just now, don't you ？”5．Why did the innkeeper ask Napoleon to tell him how Napoleon felt when he was being( ，looked for?A ．He wanted to know the difference between a general and an ordinary person.B ．He looked down upon Napoleon, for he thought a great man shouldn't be defeated.C ．He showed his sympathy (同情) to Napoleon in time of danger.D ．He was interested in others' failure, especially Napoleon's.6．Why did Napoleon order his men to tie the couple?A ．Because he wanted to teach the innkeeper a good lesson for bothering him.B ．Because he wanted to kill the couple to get rid of his anger.C ．Because he wanted to show that he was so admiring a general that nobody couldupset him.D ．Because he wanted to made the innkeeper know that a general like him had the samefeeling as the ordinary people in face of danger.7．Which is the best title of the text?A ．Napoleon's TrickB ．Napoleon and an InnkeeperC ．Napoleon's AngerD ．Napoleon's RideCSon's HelpMr. Lang worked in a factory. As a driver, he was busy but he was paid much. Hiswife was an able woman and did all the housework. When he came back, she took good careof him and he never did anything at home. So he had enough time when he had a holiday.A few friends of him liked gambling 赌博) and he learned it soon. So he was interestedin it and hardly forgot anything except gambling. He lost all his money and later hebegan to sell the television, watches and so on. His wife told him not to do it but hedidn't listen to her. She had to tell the police. He and his friends were punished forit. And he was hardly sent away. After he came out of lockup (拘留所), he hated her verymuch and the woman had to leave him.It was New Year's Day. Mr. Lang didn't go to work. He felt lonely and wanted to gambleagain. He called his friends and they came soon. But they were afraid the police wouldcome. He told his fiveyearoldson to go to find out if there were the policemen outside.They waited for a long time and didn't think the police would come and began to gamble.Suddenly opened the door and in came a few policemen.“I saw there weren't any policemen outside, daddy ” said the boy, “so I went tothe crossing and asked some to come.”8．ng was paid much because________.A．he was a driverB．he worked in a factoryC．he had a lot of work to doD．he had worked there for a long time9．ng did all housework because________.A．she couldn't find any workB．she thought her husband was tiredC．her husband spent all time in gamblingD．she wouldn't stop her husband gambling10．________，so he was put into lockup.A．ng often gambledB．ng was late for workC．ng didn't help his wife at homeD．ng wasn't polite to the police11．The woman had to leave ng because________.A．he didn't love her any longerB．he wouldn't stop gamblingC．he had been put into lockupD．he was hardly sent away by the factoryDComputers are very important to modern life.Many people think that in the future computers will be used in lots of everyday life.It is thought that we won't have to go shopping because we will be able to get most things which are sold in shops on the Internet.There will be no more books because we will be able to get all texts from computers.The Internet will be used to play games,see films and buy food.Most telephone calls will be made by computers,too.Some people are glad about these new ways of shopping and communicating(交际).Others do not think that computers will replace our old ways.Let's look at books,for example.Some people think that one day we will not readbooks made of paper.Instead,we will buy and read books using computers.We will read texts on small pocket computers.The computers will keep many different books in them at the same time.We won't need to turn lots of pages and paper will be puterized (计算机化)books will be used more and more.Is Internet shopping such a pleasure as going to the shop?Many people say it is not.It is a pleasure to go into shops and look at things you want to buy.It is also unlikely that many people will want to read large texts on our computers.Becausepaper books will perhaps be more friendly.Maybe computers won't change these two habits.12．In Paragraph1it is thought people will use computers for________．A．playing games,shopping and making telephone callsB．making telephone calls,having meals and seeing filmsC．seeing films,buying food,and going for holidaysD．playing games,making telephone calls and seeing the doctor13．Which reason for using computerized books is NOT said in the passage?A．Computerized books won't be very expensive.B．Computers can keep many different books in them.C．We won't have lots of pages.D．We won't need any paper.14．Paragraph4tells________．A．about the old and new ways of shopping and comm unicatingB．if the Internet will change our habitsC．about computerized booksD．about future uses of computers15．The title for this passage is________．A．Computers will Replace Shops and BooksB．Computers Are the FutureC．Computers will Do Everything for ManD．How Computers Change Our HabitsⅡ.任务型阅读(满分10分)Linguistic(语言学的)PuzzlesHow did the language begin?What was the world's first language?Do all languages come from one original language?16.________In the4th century BC,the Greek historian Herodotus wrote this account:Psamtik Ⅰ，an Egyptian King,wanted to find out what the oldest language in the world was.”217．________ He told his servant to find two newborn babies. When the servant hadfound them, the king gave them to a shepherd (牧羊人) and said, “Keep these babies withthe goats. Take care of them, but do not talk to them. Listen to any words that theysay.” The king wanted to find out what language the children would speak if they wereleft alone. He said: “The first words they speak will come from the original languageof the world.”18．________ He told the king, who asked his scholars about this word. They toldhim that the Phrygians, who lived in an area which is now Turkey, called bread “becos ”.The king said. “Then Phrygian is the oldest language. Today we know that the king'sconclusion was wrong. We don't know why the children said “becos ”．19．________ Scholars discovered that many European and southern Asian languagesbelonged to the same “family” and that they started from the same parent language,Proto Indo European. Linguists think that it had split into several different languages,including Greek and Sanskrit, between ，000 and 1，000 BC. Other languages, such asEnglish and Spanish, developed from later splits.20．________ Two questions that interest linguists are: How does language change?Why does language change? If you like solving mysteries, historical linguistics may bethe job for you.A ．Nowadays, we study the origin of language more scientifically.B ．He was talking about this problem with his scholars when he had an idea.C ．The King was very kind to his servant and his servant remained royal to him.D ．Linguists are the scholars who are very interested in categorizing the languagefamilies.E ．People have been trying to find the answers to these questions for more than ，2000 years.F ．One day, while the babies were babbling to each other, the shepherd heard themsay “becos ”．G ．Linguists have classified many language families, and they are still trying tocategorize others.Ⅲ.完形填空(满分 30 分)When Dave was eighteen, he bought a secondhand car for $200 so that he could travelto and from work more__21__ than by bus. It worked quite wellfor a few years,but thenit got so old, and it was costing him __22__ much in repairs that he decided that hehad better __23__ it.(”He asked among his friends to see if anyone was particularly __24__ to buy a cheapcar, but they all knew that it was falling to pieces, so__25__ of them had any desireto buy it. Dave's friend Sam saw that he was __26__ when they met one evening, and said,“What's __27__， Dave ？”Dave told him, and Sam answered, “Well, what about advertising it in the paper?You may __28__ more for it that way than the cost of the advertisement ！” Thinking thatSam's __29__ was sensible 合理的), he put an advertisement in an evening paper, whichread “For sale: small car, __30__ very little petrol, only two owners. Bargain at $50.”For two days after the advertisement first appeared, there was no __31__. But thenon Saturday evening he had an enquiry (询问)．A man rang up and said he would like to__32__him about the car. “All right ， Dave said, feeling happy. He asked the man whetherten o'clock the next morning would be __33__ or not. “Fine，” the man said, “and I'll__34__ my wife. We intend to go for a ride in it to __35__ it.”The next morning, at a quarter to ten, Dave parked the car in the square outsidehis front door, __36__ to wait there for the people who had __37__ his advertisement.Even Dave had to __38__ that the car really looked like a wreck (残骸). Then, soon afterhe had got the car as clean __39__ it could be, a police car stopped just behind himand a policeman got out. He looked at Dave's car and then said, “Have you reported this__40__ to us yet, sir ？”21．A.directly B ．safelyC ．properlyD ．easily22．A.soB ．suchC ．veryD ．too23．A.keepB ．repairC ．sellD ．throw24．A.anxious B ．luckyC ．ashamedD ．generous25．A.someB ．neitherC ．noneD ．most26．A.delighted B ．upsetC ．calmD ．astonished27．A.onB ．upC ．itD ．that28．A.learnB ．missC．get D．find29．A.message B．adviceC．request D．description30．es B．losesC．has D．spends31．A.doubt B．helpC．trouble D．answer32．A.tell B．seeC．agree D．call33．A.exact B．suitableC．early D．late34．A.follow B．meetC．bring D．introduce35．A.recognize B．gainC．admire D．test36．A.happening B．meaningC．turning D．failing37．A.read B．insertedC．answered D．placed38．A.forget B．showC．disagree D．admit39．A.as B．thatC．so D．such40．A.bargain B．saleC．accident D．resultⅣ.语法填空(15分)O.Henry was a pen name used41.________an American writer of short stories.His real name was William Sydney Porter.He was born in North Carolina in1862.As a young boy he lived42.________exciting life.He did not go to school for very long,but he managed43.________(teach)himself everything that he needed to know.When he was about20years old,Henry went to Texas,44.________he tried differentjobs.He first worked on a newspaper,and then had a job in a bank.When some money was45.________(miss)from the bank,O.Henry was believed to have stolen it.Because of that,he was46.________ (sentence)to prison.During the three years in prison,he learned to write short stories.After47.________(go)out of prison,he went to New York48.________continued writing. He49.________(write)mostly about New York and the life of the poor there.People likedhis stories,because simple as the tales were,they would finish with a 50.________(suddenly)change at the end to the reader's surprise.Ⅴ.短文改错(满分10分)One afternoon on May,1912,a new ship set off from England to America on its the first trip.It was one of largest at that time.It was cold,but the trip was pleasant and people are enjoying themselves.The next day was even cold.People could see icebergs here or there.It was night. Suddenly,the man on watch shouting,“Look Out!Iceberg!Iceberg！”It was too late.A ship hit the iceberg and came to a stop.There was a very big hole on the ship and water began to come.Slowly the ship started to go down with the people.Ⅵ.书面表达(25分)众所周知，海洋动植物的数量正在减少，有些物种甚至灭绝了。

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质量检测(三)本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，总分150分，考试时间150分钟。

第Ⅰ卷(选择题共36分)一、选择题(每小题3分，共18分)1．对下列词语中加点字的注音全部正确的一项是( )A ．供．养(ɡōnɡ) 孝悌．(tì) 作难．(nàn) 参省．乎己(shěnɡ) B ．老聃．(dān) 槁暴．(pù) 崤．函(xiáo) 弃兵曳．甲(yè) C ．阿谀．(yú) 饿莩．(fú) 黔．首(qián) 木直中．绳(zhòn ɡ) D ．句读．(dú) 跬．步(kuǐ) 氓．隶(mén ɡ) 六艺经传．(zhuàn) [解析] A 项“省”读“xǐn ɡ”，C 项“莩”读“piǎo ”，D 项“读”读“dòu ”。

[答案] B2．下列各组句子中加点词的意义和用法相同的一项是( ) A.⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ 寡人之于国也，尽心焉．而已且焉．置土石 B.⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ 填然鼓之．怅恨久之．C.⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ 其．可怪也欤夫庸知其．年之先后生于吾乎 D.⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧斯．天下之民至焉斯．是陋室，惟吾德馨 [解析] B 项，都为音节助词，无实在意义。

A 项，语气词，不译；疑问代词，哪里。

C项，副词，加强感叹语气；代词，他们的。

D项，连词，那么；代词，这。

[答案] B3．下面各个句子中加点的词都有词类活用现象，分类正确的一项是()①假舟楫者，非能水．也②吾妻之美．我者③然而不王．者，未之有也④君子博学而日．参省乎己⑤上食埃土，下．饮黄泉⑥七十者衣．帛食肉A．①③/④⑤⑥/②B．①③⑥/④/②⑤C．①③/④⑥/②⑤D．①③⑥/④⑤/②[解析]①③⑥名词活用为动词；④⑤名词作状语；②形容词的意动用法。

[答案] D4．下列选项中句式相同的一项是()A．句读之不知，惑之不解蚓无爪牙之利，筋骨之强B．师者，所以传道受业解惑也申之以孝悌之义C．河内凶，则移其民于河东然而不王者，未之有也D．六艺经传皆通习之，不拘于时身死人手，为天下笑[解析]A项分别为宾语前臵、定语后臵，B项分别为判断句、状语后臵句，C项分别为状语后臵句、宾语前臵句，D项均为被动句。

[答案] D5．依次填入下列各句横线处的成语，最恰当的一组是()①日常生活中，巴西人要想与足球这两个字完全绝缘，几乎是不可能的事情。

在这样的环境下________，孩子们个个为球痴狂，他们的梦想，是加入足球俱乐部。

②在这个人们________的故事里，一个君主背叛了他最亲密的盟友来掌权，并建立了一个新的朝代。

③这种毁灭性力量正________地且通过媒体的不断宣传最终成为被大家所接受的生活方式。

A．潜移默化耳濡目染耳熟能详B．耳濡目染潜移默化耳熟能详C．耳濡目染耳熟能详潜移默化D．潜移默化耳熟能详耳濡目染[解析]耳濡目染：形容见得多听得多了之后，无形之中受到影响。

耳熟能详：指听得多了，能够说得很清楚、很详细。

潜移默化：指人的思想或性格不知不觉受到感染、影响而发生了变化。

[答案] C6．下列句子中，没有语病的一项是()A．图书馆不是游乐场，不能任由孩子玩闹，家长也应制止孩子的这种行为；但孩子进入图书馆不是为了玩闹，只是他们情绪不容易控制罢了，不能因此就一拒了之。

B．无证驾驶事件后，孙杨尽管及时致歉且言辞恳切，但是把过错归咎于法律意识淡薄的原因，把法律意识淡薄又归因于训练繁忙，这显然是无稽之谈。

C．长期以来，乱扔垃圾、随意插队、乱写乱画、用餐浪费、缺乏礼让等陋习，跟着浩荡的旅行者走出了国门，不仅给个人形象抹了黑，国家形象和民族形象也跟着受损。

D．可悲的是，无论是电影里还是现实中的生老病死、天灾人祸，都不能改变那种毫无表情地相爱，毫无表情地相处，一生都沉溺在某种僵局里。

[解析]B项属于句式杂糅，删去“的原因”；C项属于搭配不当，“浩荡的旅行者”应为“浩荡的旅行团队”；结构混乱，暗换主语，在“国家形象”前加“让”；D项属于成分残缺，“僵局里”后加“的状态”。

[答案] A二、阅读下面文章，完成7～9题。

(每小题3分，共9分)历史遗留下来的文学、艺术中的精品都有永久的魅力，后代人无法仿制。

像《诗经》、《楚辞》都是被誉为不朽的作品。

说它们不朽，无非是说它有比一般文学、艺术作品享有更长的寿命，在较长的时间里能继续发生影响，“不朽”并不具有哲学概念的“永恒存在”的意思。

拿屈原的作品来说，汉朝初年的贾谊被感动的痛哭流涕，今天试找了一位大学中文系的青年来读一下，他的感受总难达到贾谊的程度，即使这位青年也有深沉的苦闷，满腹牢骚。

《红楼梦》也是一部名著，和《诗经》、《楚辞》一样产生过广泛的影响。

“五四”前后青年男女知识分子没有读过《红楼梦》的占少数，现在青年读《红楼梦》的占少数，现在青年读《红楼梦》的比例显然要少得多。

以上现象，借用电信通讯的概念，可以称为“文化影响衰减”现象。

远距离的通讯联络，讯号逐渐衰减，距离越远衰减越明显。

为了防止衰减，中间设有接力站，使讯号得到增益。

衰减现象之所以出现，是因为古人的处境与今人不同，古人的思想感受有与今人相同处，也有与今人不同处，世代相去越远，古今人之间感受的差别越大。

中国哲学有极丰富的文化遗产，孔子、老子等思想流派到今天还有影响。

我们常听人说孔子思想影响了中国两千多年；要继承中华民族的优良传统，首先要发扬孔子的哲学。

也有人认为孔子思想与今天中国的现代化关系不大，倒是有些保守思想是孔子哲学造成的。

这两种看法都有根据，现在从文化影响的衰减现象来看，我不相信世界上有一种文化现象两千多年永远长寿而不衰减。

以孔子为代表的儒家影响长久不衰，完全是凭借了两次接力站的补充，得到增益的结果。

第一次增益，西汉的董仲舒抬出孔子为号召，增加了汉朝流行的天人感应、阴阳五行学说，建立了宗教神学。

在他的带动下，中国哲学史上出现了全国性的第一个高潮。

思想是随着社会生活的变革而变革的，当董仲舒的哲学不能应付佛教、道教的冲击，孔子的独尊地位保不住了。

宋朝的朱熹起了第二次接力作用，把魏晋隋唐时期已经趋于衰减的儒家振兴起来。

朱熹把儒家学说变成儒教，形成了儒教经学，为了壮大自己，儒教吸取了佛教、道教的心性修养内容，从而大大丰富了儒家经学。

经典文句是凝固的。

它的影响会随着时移世变而衰减，但对经典的解释却可以随时改变、充实，使它免于衰减，记载孔子言行的可靠经典《论语》，这部书不过一万多字，它对后世的影响主要来自各家的解释、阐发。

朱熹的《四书集注》就经常用注解的形式来阐发自己的思想，为了取得权威性的理论根据，不得不抬出孔子作为招牌，以述为作，是古代学者通用的办法。

辨明这个事实，就不难看清董仲舒的孔子是汉代的孔子，朱熹的孔子是宋代的孔子。

“五四”时期提出“打倒孔家店”，要打倒的不是鲁国孔丘，而是经过朱熹改造的巩固封建社会的儒教。

长久不衰的不只孔子一家，道教老子也火了两千多年，道教老子也是一个招牌。

(摘编自任继愈《文化遗产的寿命》)7．下列表述的内容，对“文化影响衰减”现象表述正确的一项是()A．《诗经》、《楚辞》虽然被人们称为不朽的作品，但在事实上它们只是比其他古代文学作品存世的时间更加长久一些罢了。

B．屈原的作品可以使汉初的贾谊感动的痛哭流涕，但是无法使今天的青年有同样深切的感受，因为这个青年不可能也有过那样痛苦的遭遇。

C．“五四”时期，《红楼梦》在青年男女知识分子当中曾经产生过广泛的影响，但是现在，《红楼梦》在青年中几乎没多少影响。

D．古人的处境跟今人有所不同，所以古人的思想感受也就可能跟今人有所不同，时代距离越远，古人和今人思想感受的差别就越大。

[解析]B项原文说“即使这位青年也有深沉的苦闷，满腹牢骚”，C项原文说”现在青年读《红楼梦》的占少数，现在青年读《红楼梦》的比例显然要少得多“，”几乎没多少影响“的说法过于绝对，D项解释的是文化影响衰减现象的原因。

[答案] A8．下列关于孔子思想和儒家学说的理解，符合原文内容的一项是()A．虽然孔子的思想在当时和后代都有影响，但是实际上按“文化影响衰减”的说法来看，孔子思想的影响力量只会越来越小。

B．孔子的思想在秦汉之际出现了衰减，但西汉儒家学说在全国形成了一个高潮，于是董仲舒把当时流行的天人感应，阴阳五行学说加进孔子思想中。

C．魏晋隋唐时期孔子思想出现了第二次衰减，宋朝的朱熹把儒家学说变成儒教，并吸取了佛教、道教的心性修养内容，大大丰富了儒家经学。

D．孔子的思想主要表现在《论语》一书中，由于这部书只有一万多字，不可能造成深远的影响，造成深远影响的主要是后代各家的解释和阐发。

[解析]A项从原文表述看是说单凭孔子思想自身影响的力量只会越来越小”。

“孔子思想的影响力量越来越小”说法绝对。

B项因果倒臵。

D项《论语》“不可能造成深远的影响”错。

[答案] C9．下列理解和分析，不符合原文内容的一项是()A．当我们说孔子思想影响了中国两千多年的时候，是把董仲舒、朱熹等人的思想影响也一起考虑在内而这样说的。

B．有人说，今天中国有些保守思想是孔子哲学造成的。

其实这种保守思想应该是后人加入的，并不是当初鲁国孔丘原来的思想。

C．以述为作，就是通过注解古代经典的形式来阐发自己的思想，为了获得权威性的理论根据，朱熹《四书集注》一书就采用了这种方法。

D．中国哲学有着丰富的文化遗产，老子的道家思想和孔子的儒家思想同样长寿，当然道家思想中也同样存在着后人的接力作用。

[解析]鲁国孔丘原来的思想中有保守思想。

[答案] B三、阅读下面的文言文，完成10～12题。

(每小题3分，共9分)欧阳守道，字公权，吉州人。

少孤贫，无师，自力于学。

里人聘为子弟师，主人瞷其每食舍肉，密归遗母，为设二器驰送，乃肯肉食，邻媪儿无不叹息感动。

年未三十，翕然以德行为乡郡儒宗。

里有张某丧其父，小祥①，而舅氏讼以事，系之狱，使不得祭，邀．其售己地以葬。

守道闻之，叹曰：“吾惟痛斯子之不得一哭其父也，且其痛奈何？”明日告之邑令曰：“此非人心，滨祭而薄．之，挠葬而夺之，舅如此，是自食其肉也。

请任斯子出，祭而复狱。

”令亟出之。

其舅丑诬守道，守道亦不自辩。

转运使包恢为请祠于朝。

迁校书郎兼景宪府教授，迁秘书郎，转对，言：“欲家给人足，必使中外臣庶无复前日言利之风而后可。

风化惟反诸身。

化之以俭，而彼不为俭，吾惟有卑宫室、菲．饮食；化之以廉，而彼不兴廉，吾惟有不贵．难得之货、不厚无益之藏。

”以言罢。

守道徒步出钱塘门，唯书两箧而已。

理宗遗诏闻，守道与其徒相向哭踊，僮奴孺子各为悲哀。

守道之兄之妻蚤丧，其子演五岁余，且多病，浚生甫数月，守道三十未有室，顾无能乳哺者，日夜抱二子泣，里巷怜之。

演既长，出莫知所之，守道哭而求诸野，终不能得，三年不食肉，憔悴不释者终身。