2023-2024学年湖南省长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学高三下学期一模考试英语试题含解析

2023-2024学年湖南省长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学高三下学期一模考试英语
试题
考生须知：
1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。

选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。

2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。

3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1．I think her opinion _________, because she is an experienced teacher.
A．number B．calculates
C．figures D．counts
2．He finished writing his first novel last year, and we all think that is ______ his career really took off.
A．where B．when
C．how D．why
3．---Can you tell us your ________ for happiness and a long life？
---Living every day to the fullest，definitely.
A．recipe B．effort
C．content D．demand
4．To fetch water before breakfast seemed to me a rule ______.
A．to never break B．never to have broken
C．never to be broken D．never to be breaking
5．—What about going to see the latest Chinese sci-fi blockbuster The Wandering Earth?
—________. If time permits, I may go to see my grandma with my mother.
A．Don’t mention it B．It doesn’t matter
C．Forget it D．It depends
6．—I feel so nervous about the National English Speech Competition tomorrow.
—.
A．I really envy you B．Glad to hear that
C．Sounds great D．Take it easy
7．The folks were delighted at the message of their relatives _______ that mine explosion.
A．survived B．to survive C．were surviving D．surviving
8．----Can I park my car here?
----Sure not, we don’t allow here.
A．to parking B．park C．to park D．parking
9．Our company is seeking for a manager, especially ________ with creativity and imagination.
A．the one B．each
C．one D．that
10．––The small restaurant is always crowded in every part.
––That’s ______ it has a unique dining environment and quite a few wonderful dishes.
A．why B．because
C．where D．when
11．He used to study in a village school, ______was rebuilt two years ago.
A．which B．that
C．where D．whose
12．In the "moon garden" onboard the Chang'e 4, the shoots of cotton marked the first live matter ever _____ on the moon.
A．having grown B．to be grown
C．being grown D．grown
13．— How could they misunderstand me like that?
—Just keep silent! It’s the best way to let them know they you wrong.
A．do B．did
C．are doing D．had done
14．If you want to improve your figure and health, the most effective thing to do is to show up at the gym every time you ________ be there.
A．can B．will
C．may D．shall
15．The businessman studied the market in his hometown to find the____ for investment.
A．potential B．reservation C．criterion D．allowance
16．There is a wide ________of reference books to be found, so ________you look for some material needed, you can turn to me.
A．kind; the last time B．sort; every time
C．variety; next time D．type; the moment
17．----I feel cold. ____ I close the window?
----Sure. Go ahead!
A．Shall B．Need C．Would D．Should
18．Y ou can never be ________ when crossing the street.
A．very careful B．too careful C．carefully enough D．enough careful
19．Tourists love Beijing, offers an infinite collection of delights ranging from 6 UNESCO World Heritage Sites
to food from every corner of China and beyond.
A．that B．where
C．which D．who
20．The language in the company’s statement is highly ________, thus making its staff confused.
A．ambiguous B．apparent
C．appropriate D．aggressive
第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21．（6分）Unless you’re very young or very old,it's li kely you have some kind of relationship with email, whether you get hundreds of messages a day or a few dozen a week. A new study suggests that how we deal with these incoming messages could be affecting our stress levels and overall health.
A team from the Future Work Centre in the UK surveyed 2,000 people across various industries, sectors, and job roles, asking participants how they managed their email and how much associated stress they felt as a result. Overall, those who spent the most time organising and staying on top of messages felt the most email-related pressure too.
“While email can be a valuable communication tool, it’s clear that it’s a source of stress of frustration for many of us. The people who reported it being most useful to them also re ported the highest levels of email pressure!” said one of the team, Richard MacKinnon.
Two of the habits linked to more email-related stress were checking for messages first thing in the morning and last thing at night. Half of those surveyed had push notifications (消息推送）set up for new email, while 62 percent of respondents left their email app open all day and all night. Both were linked to higher levels of email pressure. The survey also found that managers suffered more than non-managers.
Stress is not just a problem when it comes to our mood—it’s been linked to a lot of disorders such as heart disease，weight gain，memory impairment (减弱），digestive problems,and depression.
The researchers suggest that the relationship between email-related stress and the negative impact on home life is not the same for everyone.
1、What’s the purpose of the study?
A．To find out how many people have an email account.
B．To know what sort of people use email most.
C．To find out how email management is related to stress.
D．To show what changes email has brought about to people.
2、What does Richard Mackinnon think of email?
A．It brings more strengths. B．It is not an essential tool.
C．It is a double-edged sword. D．It makes people puzzled.
3、Which of the following habits causes the most stress?
A．Checking email in the morning.
B．Checking email in the evening.
C．Keeping email app open at work.
D．Setting up push notifications for new email.
4、Where does the text most probably come from?
A．Science fiction. B．A science report.
C．fashion magazine. D．A book guide.
22．（8分）Imagine jet-setting from Tokyo to Paris, enjoying first-class travel, a four-course dinner and a city tour－all without leaving the ground. This is the future of air travel according to Japanese company First Airlines, which has used the power of virtual reality to create dream vacations.
Passengers avoid the costly airport transfer, the baggage fees or busy airport terminal（航站楼）－and instead enjoy the privileges of business or first-class travel and an expensive tour of Paris－all while remaining motionless in Tokyo. As well as Paris, First Airlines also offers the virtual destinations of New Y ork, Rome and Hawaii.
After boarding, guests can settle down for the two-hour flight on their advanced Airbus seat－surrounded by decoration that is modeled on the inside of an aircraft, for maximum realism. There is flight service and VR, foods, music for every destination. Passengers will be served a delicious meal by air stewards, alongside drinks and other desserts. The menu depends on the destination of choice－Manhattan clam chowder and cheesecake for New York and salmon tartar and onion soup for Paris. After landing at the destination, guests can enjoy a 360-degree tour of the destination－all thanks to projection（投影）mapping and video.
It makes for a supposedly stress-free vacation, perfect for those whose ability to travel abroad is limited by cost or health. Virtual reality is becoming increasingly present everywhere at all times in the world of travel－allowing travelers to appreciate the wonders of the world, all without leaving their house.
At just 4,980 yen（$ 46）for business class and 5,980 yen（$ 56）for first class－these two- hour flights are far more affordable than their real-life flights. Tokyo citizens eager to experience First Airlines can book a trip on the website, with reservations currently being taken until May 2018.
1、What can we learn about the future of air travel from Tokyo to Paris?
A．It is high-flying. B．It is money-saving.
C．It is power-wasting. D．It is time-consuming.
2、When can passengers enjoy the beauty of the destination?
A．Upon arrival. B．During the flight.
C．After boarding the plane. D．On getting off the plane.
3、The flight is perfect for travelers who .
A．do little physical exercise B．work under great pressure
C．desire to travel a long distance D．have health or money troubles
4、What can be the best title for the text?
A．A Scientific Fantasy B．The Power of Virtual Reality
C．Japan’s Virtual Air Travel Abroad D．Appreciation of the Global Wonders
23．（8分）Plants are boring. They just sit there photosynthesizing （光合作用）while animals have all the fun. Right? Not so much. A new study has found that there is a long history of interactions between ants and plants. The ant and plant co-evolution （协同进化）started with ants feeding on plants and plants evolving ant-friendly features.
Plants make a number of different structures that are specific for ant use. Some plants have evolved features that persuade ants into defending them from attack from other insects and even mаmmаlѕ. Тhеѕе іnсludе hollow thorns that аntѕ will live іnѕіdе, or ехtra nесtаr (琼浆) оn lеаvеѕ or stems for the ants to eat. Some ants will just cheat and take the nectar and run, but some will stick around and attack anything that tries to hurt the plant. Other plants get ants to help them move their seeds around, by providing them with rich food packets attached to the seeds. The ant will pick up the seed and carry it away, eat the food packet, and leave the seed - often in a nutrient-rich area where it'll grow better, and since it's farther away from its parent, they won't have to compete for resources.
But scientists weren't sure how the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants got started. If evolution is an arms race between species developing ways to make use of their neighbors, then scientists wanted to know whether plants or ants fired the first shot. It was a chicken-and-egg question, whether things started with ants developing behaviors to take advantage of plants, or plants evolving structures to take advantage of ants.
The history of ants and plants evolving together goes back to the time of the dinosaurs, and it's not easy to tell from fossils who fired the first shot. However, it is a question of little significance. Scientists say their study maters because it provides a look at how these widespread and complex interactions evolved.
1、Some plants attach food packets to their seeds in order to .
A．reward the ants B．make a fool of ants
C．provide nutrition for the seeds D．get the seeds moved around
2、What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us?
A．How plants and ants interact. B．What ants do to protect plants.
C．How plants and ants survive attacks. D．Why plants and ants need co-evolution.
3、Which is true about the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants?
A．Ants depended more upon plants. B．It caused a race for better evolution.
C．How it got started was uncertain. D．It was of little value for future studies.
4、What's the author’s purpose of writing the passage?
A．To introduce a science research method.
B．To inform readers of a latest research finding
C．To arouse readers' interest in science research.
D．To criticize people's traditional views about plants.
（8分）When we think about endangered species, we typically think of mammals such as whales, tigers or pandas.
24．
But the over 5, 500 of mammal species on Earth is a relatively poor number—and it pales in comparison with bacteria, of which there are at least a million different species.
Despite their vast numbers, little research has been done to understand the impact that modern human practices have on these tiny organisms（生物）, which have an important influence on many aspects of our lives.
There are also reasons for concern over the way humans are affecting bacterial species, and in many cases we are causing the same type of problems that affect larger organisms. Bacterial population structures are definitely changing, and bacterial species are being transported to new locations. Perhaps some bacteria are even on their way to extinction, although we don’t really have enough information to be certain yet.
Why should we care if bacteria are being spread to new places? Besides the obvious potential for spreading diseases to humans, animals and crops, there are also hidden dangers.
Mic roorganisms are invisible to the naked eye, so we tend to ignore them and don’t necessarily appreciate their role in how the planet operates. Bacteria are very important to biogeochemistry—the cycling of nutrition and other chemicals through ecosystems. For instance, before humans invented a way to make fertilizer industrially, every single nitrogen（氮）atom in our proteins and DNA had to be chemically caught by a bacterial cell before it could be taken in by plants and then enter the human food chain. The oxygen we breathe is largely made by microorganisms in the oceans rather than mainly by rainforests, as is opposite to common belief.
Our effects on bacteria have the potential to change these basic bacterial functions. It is vital to gain a better understan ding of how humans are affecting microorganisms’ distribution, their abundance, and their life-keeping processes. Although bacteria are invisible, we overlook them at our own risk.
1、What can be learned about the bacteria according to the text?
A．Their population is becoming larger.
B．Some of them may become endangered species.
C．They only cause great threat to other creatures.
D．Much attention has been drawn to their researches.
2、What was the first step of the cycling of a nitrogen atom before entering our body?
A．Being caught by a bacterial cell. B．Entering the human food chain.
C．Being transported by humans. D．Being taken in by plants.
3、Where is the majority of oxygen produced according to the text?
A．In the human food chain. B．In the rainforest.
C．In the mountains. D．In the oceans.
4、Which part of the newspaper is the text probably taken from?
A．Science and technology. B．Health and medicine.
C．Agriculture and animals. D．Environment and energy.
25．（10分）Bamboo is one of the world's most useful plants. For thousands of years, bamboo has been used in many different ways-from food to medicine to clothing and, in small ways, as a building material.
However, bamboo is not often used as a building material in the developed world. A professor at the University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania is trying to change that. The professor and his students are testing the strength of bamboo.They are testing how much pressure or weight it can take before breaking.
Kent Harries is a professor at the University of Pittsburgh. Harries says that testing methods for bamboo need to be the same for all. They need to be standardized. Standardizing test methods for bamboo will help to bring the plant into common use. It will also give engineers and builders around the world a dependable standard.
Harries says that bamboo is strong in nature. The strength of at least three species of bamboo is similar to
steel.Besides its strength, bamboo has other features that make it very useful in building. He says it is resilient(有弹力的), meaning it keeps its shape and strength even under pressure.
Bamboo also grows quickly. Bamboo that is suitable for construction needs much less resources than wood. The harvest cycle of bamboo is about 3 years. Softwoods such as cedar, pine and spruce have a harvest cycle of about 10 years. And hardwoods that come from flowering plants such as oak and walnut need more than 30 years.
Bamboo is widely used as food for panda bears. It is also used for flooring and window covers. However, for building, bamboo is not used much outside its native growing area. This is mostly because of its round shape. But there are other reasons too. People think -- or have the mentality--that bamboo is a low quality building material.
1、What is the author mainly talking about in the passage?
A．Make bamboo a common building material.
B．Take advantage of bamboo in our everyday.
C．Consider bamboo to be a common plant.
D．Use bamboo to replace building materials.
2、What is the purpose of what Kent Harries and his students did?
A．To prove what is the most useful plant.
B．To introduce bamboo to the developed world.
C．To give engineers and builders some advice.
D．To make sure of the strength of bamboo.
3、What does Harries think of bamboo in the passage?
A．Harries sees bamboo as a great building material.
B．Harries thinks bamboo is as strong as steel.
C．Harries sees bamboo as the most ideal Plant.
D．Harries thinks bamboo has the reliable shape.
4、What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Bamboo Is an environmentally friendly building material.
B．Bamboo material will go to the market in the soon future.
C．Hardwoods are much more popular than softwoods.
D．Bamboo grows not only faster but takes up less space.
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
26．（30分）III．Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D．Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that fits the context.
A detailed study of biological diversity（多样性）in town and city gardens has found that they offer a vital refuge for animals and plants. It has also found that many of the ideas about wildlife gardening are not 1 .In fact, small gardens are just as good as big gardens at 2 wildlife, suburban gardens are not always better than city gardens and non-native plants are not always harmful to native insects and birds. Britain’s 16,000,000 gardens are a refuge for hundreds of species of animals and plants that would find it 3 to survive on intensively （精细地）farmed land. According to the study, gardens are amazingly varied even compared to 4 environments that are good for wildlife. Small gardens are more interesting 5 they vary a great deal in botanical environment, All the wildlife responds to the variation.
Ken Thompson of Sheffield University was involved n the first detailed study of the 6 living in British gardens when he and his colleagues surveyed 61 gardens in Sheffield. They really found a（n）7 diversity of plants and
animals. They also identified a range of simple 8 that improved a garden’s environment for wildlife. The top thing is to grow more big trees as these greatly 9 the volume of vegetation in the garden and a lot of 10 means a lot of places to live and a lot of things to eat. 11 , create a pond for insects and frogs. Think before stocking it with fish which will eat insect eggs. Also, it is not wise to light up the garden at night with bright lawn lamps, which will 12 many night creatures, Finally, don’t be too tidy: don’t be 13 to clear up everything when the garden stops flowering. Just 14 a bit of things lying around.
To sum up, people who want to turn their gardens into wildlife refuges should 15 and let the grass grow tall, the flowers turn to seed and trees expand skyward.
1、A．true B．basic C．vivid D．simple
2、A．selecting B．importing C．offering D．attracting
3、A．impossible B．illegal C．lucky D．convenient
4、A．peaceful B．warm C．natural D．clean
5、A．before B．unless C．but D．because
6、A．wildlife B．men C．germ D．pet
7、A．confusing B．complete C．surprising D．orderly
8、A．measures B．standards C．services D．functions
9、A．occupy B．increase C．limit D．reduce
10、A．vegetation B．reservation C．preparation D．decoration
11、A．By contrast B．As a result C．In other words D．In addition
12、A．block B．disturb C．benefit D．protect
13、A．in a mess B．in a way C．in a hurry D．in a while
14、A．forget B．remove C．avoid D．leave
15、A．escape B．relax C．strive D．retire
第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27．（15分）I love doing random acts of kindness, but lately. I’ve been pretty busy and have gotten out of the habit.1．I got a completely random act of kindness sprung on me and it2．(total)surprised me!
I’m 18 and I work full time. I was sitting at my desk, really3．(bore)and tired because it was about 3: 00 in the afternoon when my coworker called me, 4．was weird because she was working in the room right next5．me. "Come out in the parking lot, " she shouted. I thought she6．(knock)over under a truck or something so I went7．(run)out and it turned out that one of my friends was standing in the parking lot with two Starbucks8．(drink)for me and my coworker and a couple of bags of candy including Cadbury Eggs which are9．(I) favorite.
I was10．surprised and happy because I had a really bad day that I gave her at least five hugs! Sometimes something as simple as taking time out of your day and about 10 to 15 bucks can really help someone.
第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）
28．（10分）短文改错
Dear Hou Ting,
I am sorry that maths disappoint you, but you can’t give it up、
As you say, it is one of the most important subject and there
is a reason for this、We have to use maths from all the time、
Wherever your career takes you, maths will have to be using、
In fact , most employers and universities will accept people
who have failed or given up maths、All you can do is tryyour
best in maths and make the most use of time you had、If you
have trouble understand anything, the first person you should
tell is your teacher、That is often surprising how simple things
seem when you are explained properly — even maths problems!
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
29．（25分）你校英语节组织“你最喜爱的卡通电影人物”英语征文评选。

你打算推荐“花木兰”，请你根据以下提示写一篇短文参加评选。

1. 简述木兰代父从军的故事；
2. 你喜欢这一角色的理由。

注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 文章的开头已为你写好，不计入词数。

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参考答案
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1、D
2、B
3、A
4、C
5、D
6、D
7、D
8、D
9、C
10、B
11、A
12、B
13、B
14、A
15、A
16、C
17、A
18、B
19、C
20、A
第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21、1、C
2、C
3、D
4、B
22、1、B
2、A
3、D
4、C
23、1、D
2、A
3、C
4、B
24、1、B
2、A
3、D
4、A
25、1、A
2、D
3、A
4、A
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
26、1、A
2、D
3、A
4、C
5、D
6、A
7、C
8、A
9、B
10、A
11、D
12、B
13、C
14、D
15、B
第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27、1．However
2．totally
3．bored
4．which
5．to
6．had been knocked
7．running
8．drinks
9．my
10．so
第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）
28、【小题1】disappoint - disappoints
【小题2】subject - subjects
【小题3】去掉from
【小题4】using - used
【小题5】will后加not或will –won’t
【小题6】正确
【小题7】had - have
【小题8】understand - understanding
【小题9】That - It
【小题10】you – they
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
29、I wish to choose Mulan as my favorite cartoon character.
As a famous cartoon character in china, Mulan has enjoyed long lasting popularity among children, teenagers and even adults. Her story has been adapted into movies at home and abroad.
Living in the Wei Dynasty, a time of continuous war, every family was forced to send a man to join the army. However, Mulan’s father was too old to fight, while her brother was too young to join. Thus, Mulan decided to conceal her gender and take her father’s place to join the army. To her credit, she managed to integrate into the army without being recognized and even served better than most of her comrades. After years of fighting, Mulan returned to her hometown and cared for her elderly parents.
I have been fascinated by Mulan since the first time I read her story. With her bravery, sense of responsibility and deep love for her family, she has deeply influenced and greatly inspired me. No other characters are more encouraging than Mulan in my mind.
I would strongly recommend everyone to read Mulan’s story or watch the movie about it.。