2020-2021学年四川省南充高级中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题(解析版)

四川省南充高级中学2020-2021学年高二上学期
期中考试英语试题
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A
The Official Residences of the British Royal Family
Buckingham Palace
We’ll start at Buckingham Palace, the Queen's London home. Situated by St.James's Park，Buckingham Palace has been the monarch's(君主的) official London residence since 1837. It has 775 rooms, including 52 bedrooms, 188 staff bedrooms, 92 offices, and 78 bathrooms.
The Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh live here, along with the Duke of York, and the Earl and Countess of Wessex.
Highlights at Buckingham Palace include the Changing of the Guard ceremony, which takes place most Days at11:00a.m., and the State Rooms that are open to the public every summer.
Windsor Castle
Windsor Castle, situated just outside London, is the Queen's weekend retreat. It's the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world, built by William the Conqueror in the 11th century. Over 39 monarchs have used Windsor Castle as their residence. St George's Chapel is part of the castle and is the venue(会场) for the wedding of Prince Harry and Meghan Markle in May 2018.
The castle is open all year round―it has a world-famous Royal dollhouse!―and there are also talks, performances, and activities for kids.
In 1992, a fire at the castle caused over $50,000,000 in damage.
Sandringham House
Sandringham House in Norfolk is one of the Queen's private residences. It was brought into the family in 1862 by the future Edward VII, although a fire in 1891 destroyed much of the original building. It's been passed down through the family into the Queen's ownership. The house
itself stands within nearly 20,000 acres, with 60 acres of gardens. The rest is a park and uncultivated(未开垦的) land, which is freely open to the public every day of the year.
The British royal family spends Christmas at Sandringham, traditionally walking to church on Christmas morning and meeting the local people.
Anmer Hall, a private residence of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, is also part of the Sandringham estate.
1. What do we know about Buckingham Palace?
A. It is the oldest castle.
B. It is located in Norfolk.
C. It is abundant in rooms.
D. It is home to Edward VII.
2. Which residence will you go to if your children want to see a performance?
A. Buckingham Palace.
B. Windsor Castle.
C. Sandringham House.
D. Anmer Hall.
3. What can we do in Sandringham House?
A. Watch the Changing of the Guard ceremony.
B. Appreciate the wedding of Prince Harry.
C. Visit the uncultivated land freely.
D. Spend Christmas with the royal family.
『答案』1. C 2. B 3. C
『解析』
本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了几处著名的可供参观游览的英国皇室官方住所。

『1题详解』
细节理解题。

根据第一个小标题下的“It has 775 rooms, including 52 bedrooms, 188 staff bedrooms, 92 offices, and 78 bathrooms.（它拥有775间客房，包括52间卧室、188间员工卧室、92间办公室和78间浴室。

）”可知白金汉宫的房间非常多。

故选C。

『2题详解』
细节理解题。

根据第二个小标题下的“and there are also talks, performances, and activities for kids.（还有为孩子们准备的讲座、表演和活动。

）”可知如果你的孩子想看演出，你可以去温莎城堡。

故选B。

『3题详解』
细节理解题。

根据第三个小标题下“The rest is a park and uncultivated(未开垦的) land,
which is freely open to the public every day of the year.（其余的是一个全年每天免费向公众开放的公园和荒地。

）” 可知在桑德林汉姆府可以免费参观公园和荒地。

故选C。

B
My family and I belonged to a country club located across the street from the Long Island Sound. Each summer, the big attraction for us was the pool. I learned how to swim and joined the swimming team but was never really a good swimmer. However, swimming in my younger days was a way to keep cool, and swimming on a team gave me identity and a sense of belonging (归属感). It also became invaluable many years later.
Fast-forward (快进) to 1973 – I was married, pregnant and had a home. What made our little home even more wonderful was when I discovered that four blocks away was Rath Park Pool! For the next 30 years, most of our summer days were spent around that pool.
Each of my five kids took swimming lessons and learned all the different swimming strokes (姿势). They later joined the swimming team and competed in meets. My daughter even became a lifeguard at the town pool. I sat back and happily took it all in!
As much as I would have liked to have life stand still, it doesn’t. My children outgrew their pool days and moved on. But the pool was still four blocks from my home, so I began to take up swimming again. And it was far better than I ever could have imagined. I got so much out of it that I joined the local pool so I could swim year-round. Whenever I swam, I would always come out feeling physically and mentally refreshed. I often felt that if I looked hard enough, I would be able to see all of the worries and problems I’ve had in life, sitting at the bottom of the pool!
What has swimming taught me? I’ve learned that balance is the key to being a good swimmer. If you are balanced in the water, you have no resistance. Working on staying balanced made me realize the similarities between life in and out of the swim lane (泳道). If you work on keeping yourself balanced, you will be able to swim right through the stress and problems life throws at you.
4. What can we learn about the author from paragraph 1?
A. Her family taught her how to swim.
B. She swam with friends more often in summer.
C. She was elected to be the swim team captain.
D. Swimming brought her lifelong benefits.
5. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 4 imply?
A. Swimming was losing its appeal to the author.
B. The author loved the pool days with her kids.
C. She was proud of her kids for winning competitions.
D. The author preferred to have a peaceful life.
6. What did the author find after she took up swimming again?
A. It enabled her to see how to handle problems in life.
B. She mastered more swimming skills than expected.
C. Sports can give you the courage to face difficulties.
D. Swimming made her remember her younger days.
7. What is the main idea of the article?
A. The author’s wonderful pool days with her family.
B. The influence of swimming on the author’s life.
C. The physical and mental benefits of swimming.
D. The similarities between swimming and life.
『答案』4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B
『解析』
这是一篇记叙文。

作者在文章中介绍了游泳给她和家人带来的影响和美好回忆，而且也让她领悟到保持生活的平衡有助于克服生活的压力和问题。

『4题详解』
推理判断题。

根据第一段“…and swimming on a team gave me identity and a sense of belonging (归属感). It also became invaluable many years later. (在游泳队里游泳给了我身份和归属感。

许多年后，它也变得无价。

)”可知，游泳让作者终身受益。

故选D。

『5题详解』
词句猜测题。

根据第四段“My children outgrew their pool days and moved on. …so I began to take up swimming again(我的孩子们长大了，不再待在泳池里，继续生活。

…所以我又开始游泳了)”可知，尽管作者很想让生命静止不动，但事实并非如此。

由此推知，作者很怀念和孩子们一起在泳池游泳的日子，所以又开始游泳了。

故选B。

『6题详解』
细节理解题。

根据第四段“Whenever I swam, I would always come out feeling physically
and mentally refreshed. I often felt that if I looked hard enough, I would be able to see all of the worries and problems I’ve had in life, sitting at the bottom of the pool(每当我游泳的时候，我总是感觉身心焕然一新。

我常常觉得，如果我看得够仔细，我就能看到我生活中所有的烦恼和问题，就像坐在池底一样)!”可知，作者在她重新开始游泳后，这使她看到了如何处理生活中的问题。

故选A。

『7题详解』
主旨大意题。

通读全文，尤其根据第一段的“My family and I belonged to a country club located across the street from the Long Island Sound. Each summer, the big attraction for us was the pool. ”（我的家人和我属于一个在长岛对面街道的乡村俱乐部。

每年夏天，对我们来说最大的吸引力就是游泳池）和“…and swimming on a team gave me identity and a sense of belonging (归属感). It also became invaluable many years later. (在游泳队里游泳给了我身份和归属感。

许多年后，它也变得无价。

)以及第四段的“Whenever I swam, I would always come out feeling physically and mentally refreshed. I often felt that if I looked hard enough, I would be able to see all of the worries and problems I’ve had in life, sitting at the bottom of the pool(每当我游泳的时候，我总是感觉身心焕然一新。

我常常觉得，如果我看得够仔细，我就能看到我生活中所有的烦恼和问题，就像坐在池底一样)!”可知，本文讲述了游泳给作者和家人带来的影响和美好回忆，而且也让她领悟到保持生活的平衡有助于克服生活的压力和问题，选项B. The influence of swimming on the author’s life(游泳对作者生活的影响)符合题意，故选B。

C
Louise Gluck has been no stranger to awards over her long and storied career, since her first publication in 1968. In 1993, she won the Pulitzer Prize for her collection of poems, The Wild Iris (《野鸢尾》). And on Oct 8 she became the 16th woman to win the Nobel Prize in literature with the Nobel prizes first awarded in 1901.
Gluck was honored “for her unmistakable poetic voice that, with austere (朴素的) beauty, makes individual existence universal”. Often said to be an autobiographical (自传体的) poet, drawing from the inner parts of her life, “she is not to be regarded as a confessional poet (告白派诗人). Gluck seeks the universal,” Nobel Committee Chair Anders Olsson said in a statement.
Gluck, 77, the author of 12 poetry collections, has been able to turn her life experiences into universal themes covering life, loss, and isolation. Because of this, readers have often found her poetry to be “dark”. However, there is much more than darkness in her voice, as noted by Olsson.
“It is straightforward and ... also a voice full of humor and biting wit,” he said.
For example, in her poem Snowdrops, she uses the coming of spring after winter to show rebirth of life after death. She leads readers down a depressing path only to reconnect with the light at the near end. At the conclusion of the poem, readers are left to feel the “raw wind of the new world” as they watch a new spring. This is often the case in Gluck’s poetry, being able to feel joy even after not having done so for a long time.
When her work Faithful Virtuous Night (《忠诚与善良之夜》) received a National Book Award for Poetry in 2014, a judge for the award went on to say, the collection comes from “a world where darkness blurs (使模糊) ordinarily sharp edges (边界) around the oppositions of our lives – loss and renewal, male and female, the living and the dead”.
Although she’s already a well-known writer, experienced in exploring trauma (痛苦经历) and healing, Gluck did feel honored to be given the prestigious Nobel award. However, when asked what the prize means to her, the lyric poet responded by saying, “It’s too new … I don’t know really what it means.” Her only hope is that she can preserve her daily life.
8. What can we know about Louise Gluck?
A. Her first book was published in 1993.
B. The Wild Iris won her the Nobel Prize in literature.
C. She draws from her life experiences in her writing.
D. She is seen as a successful confessional poet.
9. What does Olsson think of Gluck’s poems?
A. They are all about human psychology.
B. They are too dark for readers.
C. They ignore individual existence.
D. They are frank and humorous in style.
10. Why does the author mention Snowdrops in paragraph 4?
A. To introduce the main plots of this poem.
B. To describe Gluck’s creativity in choosing themes.
C. To show the features of Gluck’s poetry.
D. To explain Gluck’s purpose in writing Snowdrops.
11. How does Gluck feel about winning the Nobel Prize in literature?
A. She is not qualified for the prize.
B. It may change her daily life.
C. It is not meaningful for her.
D. The history of this award is not long enough.
『答案』8. C 9. D 10. C 11. B
『解析』
本文是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了诺贝尔文学奖获得者Louise Gluck及其作品的风格特点。

『8题详解』
细节理解题。

根据第三段“Gluck, 77, the author of 12 poetry collections, has been able to turn her life experiences into universal themes covering life, loss, and isolation.”（77岁的Gluck 是12本诗集的作者，她将自己的人生经历转化为涵盖生命、失落和孤独的普遍主题。

）可知，Louise Gluck她在写作中吸取了自己的生活经验。

结合选项，故选C项。

『9题详解』
推理判断题。

根据第三段“However, there is much more than darkness in her voice, as noted by Olsson. “It is straightforward and ... also a voice full of humor and biting wit, he said.”（然而，正如Olsson所说，她的声音不仅仅是黑暗。

他说：“这是直截了当的......也是一个充满幽默和尖刻机智的声音。

”）可推知，Anders Olsson认为Gluck的诗的风格坦率幽默。

结合选项，故选D项。

『10题详解』
推理判断题。

根据第三段“Because of this, readers have often found her poetry to be “dark”. However, there is much more than darkness in her voice, as noted by Olsson. “It is straightforward and ... also a voice full of humor and biting wit,” he said.”（正因为如此，读者经常发现她的诗歌是“黑暗的”。

然而，正如奥尔森所说，她的声音不仅仅是黑暗。

他说：“这是直截了当的...... 也是一个充满幽默和尖刻机智的声音。

”）可知，这里是在说Gluck诗的风格特点，紧接着第四段第一句话“For example, in her poem Snowdrops”（比如，在她的诗Snowdrops里）可知，这一段通过举例Snowdrops这个作品来展现第三段解说的她诗的风格特点的，结合选项，故选C项。

『11题详解』
推理判断题。

根据文中最后一段“However, when asked what the prize means to her, the lyric poet responded by saying, “It’s too new … I don’t know really what it means.” Her only hope is that she can preserve her daily life.”（然而，当被问及这个奖对她意味着什么时，这位
抒情诗人回答说”这个奖太新了……我真的不知道它意味着什么”她唯一的希望就是能保住她的日常生活。

）可知，这个诺贝尔文学奖给Gluck的感想是这可能改变了她的日常生活。

结合选项，故选B项。

D
We know that artificial intelligence (AI) is smart enough to do a few things our minds cannot, and with incredible accuracy. And now, it seems it also has the capacity to detect loneliness in humans, which is an otherwise challenging task.
A new study, led by researchers at the University of California San Diego School of Medicine, US, has shown how AI tools can predict levels of loneliness from a person’s speech with an accuracy rate of 94 percent.
The study focused on 80 participants aged 66 to 94, a population particularly vulnerable to loneliness. The subjects were asked 20 questions from the UCLA Loneliness Scale, which uses a four-point rating scale (量表) for questions such as “How often do you feel left out?” and “How often do you feel part of a group of friends?”
They were also interviewed in private conversations, which were recorded and transcribed (转录) by researchers. The transcripts (文字记录) were then examined using natural language processing (处理) tools, including IBM Watson Natural Language Understanding (WNLU) software, to quantify (量化) expressed emotions.
The interesting thing about this system is that it not only uses dictionary-based methods, such as searching for specific words that express fear, but also presents corresponding patterns by testing the words used in the response.
Varsha Badal, the first author of the study, noted that the WNLU software system uses deep learning to extract (提取) data from keywords, categories, emotions and grammar.
“Natural language processing and machine learning can systematically examine long interviews from multiple individuals and explore how subtle (微妙的) speech features such as emotions may indicate loneliness,” Badal said. “Similar emotion analyses by humans would be open to bias (偏见), lack consistency, and require extensive (大量的) training to standardize.”
The more lonely a person felt, the longer their responses to direct questions regarding loneliness. The system was capable of not just detecting the degree of loneliness in each subject, but also showing differences between the way men and women spoke about loneliness. The men
were found to use more fearful and joyful words in their responses, while the women tended to acknowledge feeling lonely during interviews.
Co-author Dilip Jeste said that the IBM-UC San Diego Center is now exploring natural language patterns of loneliness and wisdom, which are inversely (成反比地) linked in older adults. “Speech data can be combined with our other assessments (评估) of cognition (认知), mobility (运动), sleep, physical activity and mental health to improve understanding of aging and to help contribute to successful aging,” he said.
12. What can we know about the study?
A. It involved 80 middle-aged participants.
B. It could reach as high as 90 percent in accuracy.
C. It relied on AI tools from the beginning.
D. Its original data was partly from private interviews.
13. How did the WNLU software system contribute to the loneliness study?
A. By detecting speech patterns that show emotion.
B. By removing bias from the transcribing process.
C. By locating specific words in long conversations.
D. By standardizing the training of emotion analyses.
14. Which of the following is among the findings?
A. The lonelier the person is, the quicker they respond.
B. The way we talk about loneliness varies with age.
C. Lonelier people had longer responses about loneliness.
D. Women tend to be more optimistic about loneliness.
15. What does Dilip Jeste imply in the last paragraph?
A. The study is helpful for studying aging.
B. AI tools can be applied to studying the secret of aging.
C. Speech data is important for assessing cognition.
D. The system’s accuracy needs to be improved.
『答案』12. D 13. A 14. C 15. A
『解析』
『分析』本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了一项能够从一个人的言语中预测孤独程度的新
发现。

『12题详解』
细节理解题。

根据第四段的“They were also interviewed in private conversations, which were recorded and transcribed (转录) by researchers. The transcripts (文字记录) were then examined using natural language processing (处理) tools, including IBM Watson Natural Language Understanding (WNLU) software, to quantify (量化) expressed emotions.研究人员还对他们的私人谈话进行了记录和转录。

然后，研究人员使用自然语言处理工具(包括IBM沃森自然语言理解(WNLU)软件)对这些文本进行分析，以量化表达出来的情绪。

”可知，这项研究它的原始数据部分来自于私人访谈。

故选D。

『13题详解』
细节理解题。

根据第四段的“The transcripts (文字记录) were then examined using natural language processing (处理) tools, including IBM Watson Natural Language Understanding (WNLU) software, to quantify (量化) expressed emotions.然后，研究人员使用自然语言处理工具(包括IBM沃森自然语言理解(WNLU)软件)对这些文本进行分析，以量化表达出来的情绪。

”可知，WNLU系统通过检测表达情感的言语模式来帮助研究孤独感。

故选A。

『14题详解』
细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段的“The more lonely a person felt, the longer their responses to direct questions regarding loneliness. 一个人感觉越孤独，他们对有关孤独的直接问题的回答就越长。

”可知，孤独的人对孤独的反应时间更长。

故选C。

『15题详解』
推理判断题。

根据最后一段的““Speech data can be combined with our other assessments (评估) of cognition (认知), mobility (运动), sleep, physical activity and mental health to improve understanding of aging and to help contribute to successful aging,” he said.他说，语言数据可以与我们对认知、行动能力、睡眠、身体活动和心理健康的其他评估相结合，以提高对衰老的理解，并有助于实现成功的衰老。

”可知，这项研究有助于研究衰老。

故选A。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Cold Weather Helps Your Body
We think of winter as cold and flu season, but the chilly temperatures have powerful
biological upsides too.
Boosts your brain
___16___Studies have found that people perform some cognitive(认知的) tasks(such as making decisions) better when the temperature is cooler. Research has also shown that people less tend to tackle complex tasks in the summer than in the winter. The brain requires glucose(葡萄糖) to function, but the body uses more of it in warmer temperatures to keep the body cool. That leaves less available fuel for reasoning and remembering tasks.
Burns calories
When it’s cold, your body works harder to keep your core temperature, which is typically about 98.6 degrees. ____17____So tie up your boot: A recent study of 53 people showed that participants burned 34 percent more calories when they hiked in 14- to 23 -degree temperatures than they did hiking on 50-degree days.
Encourages better sleep
Your body's core temperature drops when you're trying to sleep. This process can take up to two hours in the summer, but it's much faster in winter. ___18___
Fights infections
Yes, you might get more colds during the winter. However, studies have shown that the immune(免疫的)system can be activated by colder temperatures, which improves our ability to fight infections. That said, the flu virus becomes stronger in cold, dry air, and time spent indoors increases your chance of infection. ___19___
Strengthens your heart
In cold weather, the heart works harder to pump blood and keep the body's core temperature. That's a good thing. ____20____Once you warm up, you may be able to go farther than when it's hot outside. But if you are at risk for heart disease, be careful when exercising outdoors in the cold; the extra stress can cause problems.
A. Any activity can leave your heart driving.
B. Plus, with darker mornings, you naturally sleep later.
C. Colder temperatures can help you think more clearly.
D. Exercising in the winter makes heart muscles stronger.
E. Storing up too much ordinary fat can endanger our health.
F. Our bodies use a large amount of energy to keep us warm.
G. To reduce risk, get your annual flu shot, wash your hands frequently.
『答案』16. C 17. F 18. B 19. G 20. D
『解析』
本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了寒冷的天气对身体的好处。

『16题详解』
根据小标题“Boosts your brain(增强你的大脑)”和后句“Studies have found that people perform some cognitive(认知的) tasks(such as making decisions) better when the temperature is cooler.( 研究发现，当温度较低时，人们可以更好地完成一些认知任务(比如做决定)。

)”可知，低温能够让人更清晰地思考而做出决定。

所以选择项C “Colder temperatures can help you think more clearly.(较低的温度可以帮助你更清晰地思考。

)”符合上下文语境。

故选C。

『17题详解』
根据小标题“Burns calories (燃烧卡路里)”和前句“When its cold, your body works harder to keep your core temperature, which is typically about 98.6 degrees. (当天气寒冷时，你的身体会更努力地工作来保持核心温度，通常是98.6度左右。

)”可知，天气寒冷时，我们身体需要能量来保暖。

所以选择项F “Our bodies use a large amount of energy to keep us warm. (我们的身体要用大量的能量来保暖。

)”符合上下文语境。

故选F。

『18题详解』
根据小标题“Encourages better sleep (鼓励更好的睡眠)”和前句“Your body's core temperature drops when you're trying to sleep. This process can take up to two hours in the summer, but it's much faster in winter. (当你试图睡觉时，你身体的核心温度会下降。

这个过程在夏天需要两个小时，但在冬天要快得多。

)”可知，本段主要讨论睡眠。

所以选择项B “Plus, with darker mornings, you naturally sleep later. (另外，早晨天色较暗时，你自然会睡得晚些。

)”符合上下文语境。

选择项中的“sleep”与小标题和前文中的“sleep”相一致。

故选B。

『19题详解』
根据小标题“Fights infections (抗感染)”和前句“That said, the flu virus becomes stronger in cold, dry air, and time spent indoors increases your chance of infection. (也就是说，流感病毒在寒冷干燥的空气中会变得更强，而呆在室内的时间会增加你被感染的机会。

)”可知，这里陈述冬季寒冷为避免感染所采取的措施。

所以选择项G “To reduce risk, get your annual flu shot, wash your hands frequently. (为了降低风险，每年注射流感疫苗，经常洗手。

)”符合上下
文语境。

故选G。

『20题详解』
根据小标题“Strengthens your heart (增强你的心脏)”和前句“In cold weather, the heart works harder to pump blood and keep the body's core temperature. (在寒冷的天气里，心脏会更加努力地泵血，保持身体的核心温度。

)”可知，本段主要讨论心脏增强的措施。

所以选择项D “Exercising in the winter makes heart muscles stronger. (冬天锻炼可以使心肌更强壮。

)”符合上下文语境。

选择项中的“heart”与小标题和前句中的“heart”相一致。

故选D。

第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success ___21___ fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the ____22____ in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no ___23___ of knowing that his life was to change ____24____. The class experiment that day was to ____25____ how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. ____26____, the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat ____27____ held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container ___28___, leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents ____29____ to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had ______30______ their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as ______31______. He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)______32______ public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from ______33______ for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to _____34_____ his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue _____35_____ it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the ______36______ Wilson made to preventing the ______37______.
Wilson received several international ______38______ for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a _____39_____. He proved that it’s not what happens to us that ______40______ our lives-it’s what we make of what happens.
21. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects
22. A. dilemmas B. accidents C. events D. steps
23. A. way B. hope C. plan D. measure
24. A. continually B. gradually C. gracefully D. completely
25. A. direct B. show C. advocate D. declare
26. A. Anyway B. Moreover C. Somehow D. Thus
27. A. mistakenly B. casually C. amazingly D. clumsily
28. A. erupted B. exploded C. emptied D. exposed
29. A. deserved B. attempted C. cared D. agreed
30. A. submitted to B. catered for C. impressed on D. happened to
31. A. fantastic B. extraordinary C. impressive D. catastrophic
32. A. accomplished B. crucial C. specific D. innocent
33. A. deafness B. depression C. blindness D. speechlessness
34. A. decide B. abandon C. control D. accept
35. A. until B. when C. unless D. before
36. A. opposition B. adjustments C. commitment D. limitations
37. A. preventable B. potential C. spreadable D. influential
38. A. scholarships B. rewards C. awards D. bonuses
39. A. fortune B. recipe C. dream D. vision
40. A. distinguishes B. determines C. claims D. limits
『答案』21. A 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. B
29. B 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B 36. C 37. A 38.
C 39.
D 40. B
『解析』
这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。

因为一次意外，威尔逊失明了。

但是，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是努力地学习，接受教育。

他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力，获得了很多国际大奖。

他的例子告诉我们：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。

『21题详解』
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看
法。

A. depends依靠；B. holds握，持有；C. keeps保持；D. reflects反映。

结合空后的介词on可知，仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。

成功从根本上“取决于”我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。

depend on：取决于。

故选A。

『22题详解』
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。

A. dilemmas进退两难的处境；B. accidents意外事故；C. events事，事件；D. steps脚步，步骤。

结合文章最后一句“He proved that it’s not what happens to us that our lives-it’s what we make of what happens”可知，我们对所发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。

空处对应what happens(发生的事)。

故选C。

『23题详解』
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。

A. way方法，方式；B. hope希望；C. plan 计划；D. measure措施。

John Wilson“无法”预知将会发生的事情。

故选A。

『24题详解』
考查副词词义辨析。

句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。

A. continually不断地；B. gradually逐渐地；
C. gracefully优雅地；
D. completely完全地。

结合下文可知，一场意外导致他失明，这“完全”改变了他的生活。

故选D。

『25题详解』
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：那天的课堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。

A. direct指导，引导；B. show展示；C. advocate提倡，倡导；D. declare宣布。

那天的课堂实验的目的是“展示”加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。

故选B。

『26题详解』
考查副词词义辨析。

句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。

A. Anyway无论如何，不管怎样；B. Moreover而且；C. Somehow不知怎么地；
D. Thus因此。

不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。

故选C。

『27题详解』
考查副词词义辨析。

句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。

A. mistakenly错误地；B. casually随意地；C. amazingly令人惊奇地；D. clumsily
笨拙地。

老师“误”在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水，结果导致了爆炸的发生。

故选A。

『28题详解』
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致威尔逊失明。

A. erupted爆发，喷出；B. exploded爆炸；C. emptied腾空，掏空；D. exposed揭露，使暴露。

因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易挥发的物质，所以，当威尔逊把它加热时，容器“爆炸”了，导致Wilson失明。

故选B。

『29题详解』
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。

A. deserved值得，应得，应受；B. attempted试图，尝试；C. cared关心，在乎；D. agreed同意。

孩子失明了，身为父母，他们当然要“试图”找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。

故选B。

『30题详解』
考查动词短语辨析。

句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。

A. submitted to提交，服从……；B. catered for迎合；
C. impressed on给……留下印象；
D. happened to发生。

这场事故“发生”在了威尔逊一家人的生活中。

故选D。

『31题详解』
考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是灾难性的。

A. fantastic极好的；B. extraordinary不同寻常的；C. impressive给人深刻印象的；D. catastrophic灾难性的，毁灭性的。

根据上文his parents to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had their lives.以及结合生活常识，失明对于任何一个人来说都是一场灾难。

根据but转折可知，威尔逊并没有将这场事故看作是“灾难性的”。

故选D。

『32题详解』
考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。

A. accomplished才华高的，有成就的；B. crucial至关重要的，关键性的；C. specific 特定的，具体的；D. innocent无辜的，天真的。

前一句提到威尔逊很快学会了盲文，并在伍斯特盲人学院继续接受教育。

结合该句中的not only…but also…可以推知，他不仅是个好学生，而且是个非常好的公共演说家。

选项中只有A选项表达此意。

故选A。

『33题详解』
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。

A. deafness聋，听力不佳；B. depression沮丧；C. blindness瞎；D. speechlessness哑口无言。

结合后文中的“And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 51 Wilson made to preventing the ”可知，很多人因为威尔逊的努力而复明。

由此推知，在非洲，有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而“失明”。

故选C。

『34题详解』
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。

A. decide决定；B. abandon抛弃；C. control控制；D. accept接受。

根据上文中的“But Wilson did not regard the accident as . He learned braille(盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) public speaker”可知，威尔逊失明之后，他没有抱怨命运的不公，反而努力进取，由此推知，他“接受”了自己失明的事实。

故选D。

『35题详解』
考查连接词词义辨析。

句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。

A. until直到；B. when在……情况下，当……时候；C. unless如果不；D. before在……之前。

在很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下，让他们继续失明下去完全是另一回事。

when表示“在……情况下”。

故选B。

『36题详解』
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都可以恢复视力了。

A. opposition反对；B. adjustments调整，调节；C. commitment 奉献，投入；D. limitations限制。

根据前文中的“This moved him to action”可知，威尔逊行动起来，努力地去预防那些可以预防的情况。

因为他的“奉献”，很多人恢复了视力。

该空和53空后的great contributions呼应。

故选C。

『37题详解』
考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都能够恢复视力了。

A. preventable可预防的，可阻止的；B. potential潜在的，有潜力的；C. spreadable(黄油等)容易被涂开的；D. influential有影响力的。

结合空前的prevent 可知，威尔逊努力地去预防“可以预防的”情况。

故选A。

『38题详解』。