2020年北京市西城区初三期末英语试卷逐题精品解析解析

2020年北京市西城区初三期末英语考试逐题解析
2020.1
一、单项填空。

(共6分，每小题0.5分)
从下面所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1.I have a sister and ______ name is Mary.
A.his
B.her
C.my
D.their
【正确答案】B
【解题思路】本题考查物主代词。

根据题目中“sister”可知是“她的”，选项A为“他的”；选项B为“她的”；选项C为“我的”；选项D为“他们的”。

故正确答案为选项B。

2.We need to finish writing a book review ______ English this weekend.
A.in
B.at
C.off
D.by
【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查介词。

in+某种语言表示使用该语言。

故正确答案为选项A。

3.- ______ do you usually have a haircut, Jim?
-Every three weeks. My hair grows so fast.
A.How much
B.How many
C.How long
D.How often
【正确答案】D
【解题思路】本题考查特殊疑问词。

根据答语“Every three weeks.” 可知是提问频率。

选项A为提问价格或不可数名词的数量；选项B为提问可数名词的数量；选项C为提问时间的长短或物体的长度；选项D为提问频率。

故正确答案为选项D。

4.- Linda, ______ you take care of your little sister this afternoon?
-Sure, Mom!
A.must
B.need
C.can
D.should
【正确答案】C
【解题思路】本题考查情态动词。

根据答句译为“当然可以了。

”，可知问句是问“今天下午你能照顾你的小妹妹吗?”。

选项A为“必须”；选项B为“需要”；选项C为“能、可以”；选项D“应该”。

故正确答案为选项C。

5.I did well in the sports meeting this term ______ I trained hard.
A.because
B.so
C.when
D.if
【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查连词。

根据句意“我在运动会中表现很好，______ 我努力训练”。

选项A为“因为”；选项B为“因此”；选项C为“当……的时候”；选项D为“如果”。

故正确答案为选项A。

6.Supercomputers are thousands of times ______ than ordinary computers.
A.fast
B.faster
C.fastest
D.the fastest
【正确答案】B
【解题思路】本题考查形容词比较级。

根据题干中的“t han”，可知选比较级。

选项A 为形容词原级；选项B为形容词比较级；选项C为形容词最高级，但缺少定冠词“the”；选项D为形容词最高级。

故正确答案为选项B。

7.Since 2008, China ______ a powerful high-speed railway network.
A.develop
B.developed
C.has developed
D.will develop
【正确答案】C
【解题思路】本题考查时态。

根据句中的标志词“since 2008” 可知选现在完成时。

选
项A为一般现在时；选项B为一般过去时；选项C为现在完成时；选项D为一般将来时。

故正确答案为选项C。

8.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer ______ by Mark Twain.
A.writes
B.wrote
C.will be written
D.was written
【正确答案】D
【解题思路】本题考查被动语态。

该题主语“The Adventures of Tom Sawyer” 译为“汤姆索亚历险记”，谓语动词为“write” 译为“写”。

书应该被写，确定该题考查被动语态。

被动语态基本结构为“主语+ be + done”。

选项A和选项B不是被动语态结构，均排除。

选项C为一般将来时的被动语态结构；选项D为一般过去时的被动语态结构。

根据句意可知该题应选一般过去时的被动语态结构。

故正确答案为选项D。

9.- Has Grandma arrived?
-Not yet. She will give us a call as soon as she ______.
nds
nded
C.will land
D. was landing
【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查时态。

根据题干中连接词“as soon as”可知该题考查时间状语从句中“主将从现”的用法。

连接词后为从句，另一个句子为主句，已知主句为一般将来时，故从句选择一般现在时。

选项A为一般现在时；选项B为一般过去时；选项C为一般将来时；选项D为过去进行时。

故正确答案为选项A。

10. - Do you have any plans for the coming weekend?
-Yes. I ______ Peking University with my friends.
A.visit
B.will visit
C.have visited
D.was visiting
【正确答案】B
【解题思路】本题考查时态。

根据句中的标志词“the coming weekend”可知该题应选一般将来时。

选项A为一般现在时；选项B为一般将来时；选项C为现在完成时；选项D为过去进行时。

故正确答案为选项B。

11.I ______ a sweet dream when the alarm clock rang this morning.
A.have
B.had
C.am having
D.was having
【正确答案】D
【解题思路】本题考查时态。

根据题干中从句“when the alarm clock rang this morning”译为“当早上闹钟响的时候”可知该题应选过去进行时。

选项A为一般现在时；选项B为一般过去时；选项C为现在进行时；选项D为过去进行时。

故正确答案为选项D。

12. - Do you know ______?
-At 9 o‟clock tomorrow morning.
A.when will the meeting begin
B.when did the meeting begin
C.when the meeting will begin
D.when the meeting began
【正确答案】C
【解题思路】本题考查宾语从句。

宾语从句需遵循“陈述语序”原则，因此排除选项A 和选项B。

选项C为一般将来时，选项D为一般过去时。

由答句中的“tomorrow morning” 可知，该题应为一般将来时，排除选项D。

故正确答案为选项C。

二、完形填空。

(共8分，每小题1分)
Before my trip to the mountains, I used to be a homebody. I felt completely ______ (13) spending weeks or even months —in my
hometown or sometimes even on my block — without going anywhere. I could be quite satisfied by watching the Discovery and National Geographic Channels.
The situation ______ (14) when one day David, my best friend, rushed into my room and talked me into joining him on his journey to the Rocky Mountains. We set off five days later.
This was my first time in the mountains. ______ (15), the weather was foggy most of the time, and the higher we got into the mountains, the less clearly we could see. On the first day, we were making our way along the foothills; but the next day, we started to climb on one of the peaks (山顶). ______ (16) it was not that straight and high, I was still excited. I regularly speeded up, and because of that I ran out of _____ (17) long before we got to the top.
When we finally got there, nothing had really changed. The same fog was nearly covering everything. I felt so disappointed, because I had, during the whole course of climbing, ______ (18) to see the view from above and perhaps to be able to take some photos. We spent a couple of hours on the top, and decided to turn back, when the wind suddenly ______ (19) the clouds, and the place we were standing on was brightened with the sun. I saw a fantastic panorama (全景图) in front of me, and for some moments I couldn‟t believe my eyes. It was so amazing that I realized I couldn't help looking forward to the next trip to the mountains.
The next day we returned — my _____ (20) started to hurt so badly that I could hardly walk. But every time I felt an ache, I remembered the feeling of being high above, with my head touching the skies and the clouds swimming below.
13. A. stressed B. comfortable C. bored D.strange
【正确答案】B
【解题思路】本题考查形容词，主要从感情色彩的角度解题。

选项A译为“有压力的”，负向；选项B译为“舒服的”，正向；选项C译为“无聊的”，负向；选项D译为“奇怪的”，负向。

根据后文satisfied“满意的”是正向词，且没有转折逻辑，可知应当选正向词。

故正确答案为选项B。

14. A. changed B. remained C.worsened D.repeated
【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查动词。

本句译为“当有一天，我最好的朋友David冲进我的房间，说服我和他一起去Rocky Mountains旅行，这种情况______。

”与上文作者喜欢宅在家里形成对比。

选项A译为“改变了”，符合语境；选项B译为“剩余，仍然是”；选项C译为“恶化”；选项D译为“重复”。

故正确答案为选项A。

15. A. Undoubtedly B.Immediately
C.Unfortunately
D.Unnaturally
【正确答案】C
【解题思路】本题考查副词。

本句译为“这是我第一次进山，______ 大部分时间天气都是雾蒙蒙的。

”可知天气不好，选项C译为“不幸地”，符合此处的负向语境。

选项A译为“毫无疑问地”；选项B译为“立即地”；选项D译为“自然地”。

故正确答案为选项C。

16. A. When B.Because C.Since D.Though
【正确答案】D
【解题思路】本题考查连词，主要从逻辑关系解题。

本句译为“______ 山路不直也不高，我依然感到很兴奋。

”前后句是转折逻辑，选项D译为“尽管，虽然”，符合语境。

选项A译为“当……时候”；选项B译为“因为”；选项C译为“自从，因为”。

故正确答案为选项D。

17. A. money B.patience C.energy D.time
【正确答案】C 【解题思路】本题考查名词。

本句译为“我稳步加速，因此在我们达到山顶之前，我就耗尽了 ______。

”根据因果逻辑关系，“加速”引起的结果是“耗尽了体力”。

选项C译为“体力，精力”，符合语境。

选项A译为“钱”；选项B译
为“耐心”；选项D译为“时间”。

故正确答案为选项C。

18. A. expected B. managed C.offered D.learned
【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查动词。

本句译为“我感到如此失望，因为在整个登山过程中，我一直______ 从山顶看风景，也许还能够拍照。

”选项A译为“盼望，期待”，符合语境。

选项B译为“设法做成，管理”；选项C译为“提议”；选项D译为“学习”。

故正确答案为选项A。

19. A. shaped B.joined C.cleared D.thickened
【正确答案】C
【解题思路】本题考查动词。

本句译为“当风突然把云______，我们所站的地方阳光明媚。

”选项C的clear作动词译为“天气放晴”，符合语境。

选项A译为“塑造”；选项B译为“参加”；选项D译为“变厚”。

故正确答案为选项C。

20. A. arms B.legs C.hands D.eyes
【正确答案】B
【解题思路】本题考查名词。

本句译为“我们返回后的第二天——我的______ 疼得如此厉害，以至于我几乎不能走路。

”选项B译为“腿”，符合语境。

选项A译为“胳膊”；选项C译为“手”；选项D译为“眼睛”。

故正确答案为选项B。

三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

(共26分，每小题2分)
A
to fight Meanwhile, her
the
facing
), so
Trash Island. A
where he travels through time and meets
help of Mirai joins other spider against the bad
21. Incredibles 2 is directed by ______.
A.Brad Bird
B.Wes Anderson
C.Mamoru Hosoda
D.Bob Persichetti and Peter Ramsey
【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

根据题目关键信息“Incredibles2”和“directed”定位到第一个表格里第二行。

题目问的是“超级特工队2是由谁导演的”，由定位的关键句“Director: Brad Bird”，可知答案为Brad Bird。

故正确答案为选项A。

22. If you want to know about Atari‟s adventure, you should watch ______.
A.Incredibles 2
B.Isle of Dogs
C.Mirai
D.Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse
【正确答案】B
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

根据题目关键信息“Atari‟s adventure”定位到第二个表格正文里第二句“A boy, Atari, refuses to stop looking for his dog and starts an adventure to get it back.”。

题目问的是“如果你想要了解阿塔里的冒险，你应该看……”, 由定位的关键句里的“Atari”和“starts an adventure”，可知答案为Isle of Dogs。

故正确答案为选项B。

23. What does Kun do when he hides in a magic garden?
A.He accepts tasks to save the world and himself.
B.He travels through time and meets his late relatives.
C.He joins other spider heroes to fight against bad people.
D.He refuses to stop looking for his dog and tries to get it back.
【正确答案】B
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

根据题目关键信息“Kun”和“hides in a magic garden”定位到第三个表格正文里的第二句。

题目问的是“当Kun藏在一个魔法花园里的时候，他干了什么”, 定位关键句“where he travels through time and meets his late
relatives…”，故正确答案为选项B。

B
A kid hero
“If you could have any three things, what would you want?”
Eleven-year-old Ruby Chitsey loves asking that question,
but it‟s not a game she plays. She asks the seniors (老年人) at
nursing homes in Arkansas where she lives. Even more amazing, she then sets out to make their wishes come true.
Ruby has long been close to the elders. Her mother has worked in nursing homes for many years. Ruby often stays with her in summer and asks the seniors if they need anything.
Last May, Ruby noticed an old lady named Pearl staring (凝视) out a window. She seemed sad. “What are you looking at?” Ruby asked. Pearl said she was watching her dog being led away by his new owner. Ruby asked around and discovered that the nursing home didn‟t allow the seniors to have dogs and Pearl couldn't afford to pay anyone to look after her dog. Ruby also heard many stories about Pearl‟s friends there and found that they were unable to afford life costs. That was when she decided to do something about it.
She started by asking the seniors what three things they wanted most in the world. Her mother worried that people would ask for cars and other things that an 11-year-old wouldn‟t be able to provide. Instead, they asked for chocolate, fries, and even just pants that fit properly.
“I felt really upset,” Ruby says. “We left the nursing home that day and went
straight to a store and bought as many things as we could.”
Using their own money, Ruby and her mother helped about 100 people in three months. Then, they started asking for donations (捐款). The good people in Arkansas strongly supported them, so Ruby and her mother set up a GoFundMe page —Three Wishes for Ruby‟s Residents. After GoFundMe named Ruby a Kid Hero and spread her story internationally, Three Wishes raised more than $250,000 in five months. One of Ruby‟s new goals is to set up a shared computer in one nursing home in each state.
Ruby doesn‟t plan to stop there. “I consider kindness to be my hobby,” she says, “and I‟m very good at it.”
24. What did Ruby do for the seniors at nursing homes in Arkansas?
A.She offered to look after their dogs.
B.She strongly supported their hobbies.
C.She helped make their wishes come true.
D.She played their favorite games with them.
【正确答案】C
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

根据题目中的关键信息“do for the seniors at nursing homes in Arkansas”，定位至文章第二段第二句和第三句内容，根据“She asks the seniors (老年人) at nursing homes in Arkansas where she lives. Even more amazing, she then sets out to make their wishes come true.” 可知作者帮助阿肯色州的老年人实现他们的愿望。

A选项译为“他主动去照顾老年人的狗。

”；B选项译为“他强烈支持老年人的爱好。

”；C选项译为“他帮助老年人实现他们的愿望。

”；D选项译为“他陪老年人玩他们最喜爱的游戏。

”，故正确答案为选项C。

25. Ruby decided to help the seniors when ______.
A.she started to volunteer at nursing home
B.her mother asked her for help in summer
C.people named her a Kid Hero on the Internet
D.she learned of the stories of Pearl and her friends
【正确答案】D
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

根据题目中的关键信息“decided to help the seniors when”，定位至文章第四段倒数第二句内容，根据“Ruby also heard many stories about Pearl‟s friends there and found that they were unable to afford life costs.” 可知作者是在听到Pearl和他的朋友的故事后，决定去帮助老年人的。

A选项译为“他在养老院开始做志愿活动。

”；B选项译为“他的妈妈在夏天寻求他的帮忙。

”；C选项译为“人们在网上称他为一个孩子英雄。

”；D选项译为“他了解到Pearl和他朋友们的故事”。

故正确答案为选项D。

26. According to the passage, which word best describes Ruby?
A.Naughty.
B.Humorous.
C.Caring.
D.Cheerful.
【正确答案】C
【解题思路】本题考查推断题。

本题让我们用一个词来描述Ruby，根据文章全文和最后一段“I consider kindness to be my hobby,”得知Ruby通过实现三个愿望来帮助老人以及最后Ruby考虑把友善当成爱好的态度，可推断出Jake是关心人的。

A选项“naughty”译为“淘气的”；B选项“humorous”译为“幽默的”；C选项“caring”译为“关心人的”；D选项“cheerful”译为“令人振奋的”。

故正确答案为选项C。

C
Old habits, especially bad ones, can be hard to break.
People often make fun of New Year's resolutions (决心). However, resolutions present a big opportunity for self-improvement. Fortunately, social science has some ideas about how to start a good habit and stick to it.
Gary Charness and Uri Gneezy, two scientists at the University of Chicago, did some research, where 120 students were asked to take part in an experiment about exercise habits, and each of them would get $175 in the end. The students were randomly assigned (随机分配) to three groups. The first group got the money for just giving researchers permission (允许) to record their gym attendance. The second group gave permission, but had to go to the gym at least once the next month. The final group gave permission and had to go to the gym eight times that month.
Unsurprisingly, the group that had to make eight gym visits to get paid exercised more than the other two groups. After the payments stopped, these students kept going to the gym at higher rates (频率). They went to the gym about twice as often as the other two groups.
closed.
The studies show that trying something new quite often for as little as a month can kick-start a lasting change in behavior. Moreover, “temptation-bundling” may also be a useful method for changing behavior, particularly when used together with other methods. Even if you cannot promise yourself to stick with something for long, there is a huge benefit in putting in a lot of energy for a few weeks. It may pay off for longer than you think. So, why not challenge yourself with next New Year‟s resolution?
27. What can we learn from the two studies?
A.The students got different payments according to their gym attendance.
B.The temptation-bundling group loved audio-novels more than the other group.
C.27% of students in the temptation-bundling group exercised more often than
before.
D.The students who exercised more often at first were more likely to keep
working out.
【正确答案】D
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

选项A译为“根据他们的健身房出勤情况，他们会获得不同的报酬。

”定位到原文第三段“each of them would get $175 in the end”，即得到报酬的额度是相同的，只是需要满足的条件不同。

选项B译为“temptation-bundling group比另外一组更喜欢有声小说。

”文章并未提及；选项C译为“temptation-bundling group中27%的学生比之前锻炼地更多了。

”根据数字27%定位到倒数第二段，文章对比的是两个组之间的成员而不是本组之间的对比；选项D译为“最开始锻炼频率越多的学生，坚持锻炼的可能性就会越大。

”符合文章第四段提到的“开始一个月去8次健身房的人们在实验结束后，他们继续去健身房锻炼的频率要比其他组的频率高”。

故正确答案为选项D。

28. The third paragraph is mainly about ______.
A.how the research was performed
B.what was found in the research
C.why the scientists did the research
D.who took part in the research
【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查段落主旨题。

根据题干内容定位到文章第三段，首句“two scientists did some research”，文中依次介绍了“first group”，“second group”，“final group”，说明这项研究是如何开展的。

故正确答案为选项A。

29. The underlined word “temptation-bundling”in Paragraph 5 probably means
______.
A.forming new habits by trying something you didn‟t like before
B.connecting something you like with something you have to do
C.improving your workout skills by listening to audio-books
D.pushing yourself by doing two tasks at the same time
【正确答案】B
【解题思路】本题考查猜词题。

定位到文中第5段，划线词后面内容是对生词的解释。

As they exercised, they listened to the start of an attractive audio-novel (有声小说) 中的attractive是“吸引人的”，即“让人喜欢的或好的事情”，下一句“students were told that if they wanted to hear what happened in their book they would have to come back to the gym”译为“学生们还被告知，如果还想听书中内容，他们必须返回健身房”，即“有声小说”是他们喜欢的事情，“返回健身房”是他们不得不做的事情。

选项B译为“把喜欢的事情和必须要做的事情结合在一起”，符合语意；选项A译为“通过尝试你以前不喜欢的事情去养成新的习惯”；选项C译为“通过听有声小说去提升你
的体育锻炼技能”；选项D译为“通过同时做两件事情去推动自己前行”。

故正确答案为选项B。

30. What is the writer‟s main purpose in writing this passage?
A.To encourage people to go to the gym more often.
B.To present a new way to do scientific research.
C.To offer advice on how to develop a good habit.
D.To stress the importance of New Year‟s resolutions.
【正确答案】C
【解题思路】本题考查主旨题，是写作目的主旨题。

重点看文章第二段，根据最后一句“Fortunately, social science has some ideas about how to start a good habit and stick to it.”译为“幸运的是，社会科学提供给我们一些有关如何开始一个好习惯并坚持下去的办法”，与选项C相吻合。

故正确答案为选项C。

D
Taking a gap year after high school is getting more popular among young adults each year. According to the American Gap Year Association (AGA), a gap year is often a year-long break taken between high school and college. AGA stresses that a gap year is a year on, rather than a year off, to oppose the belief that students are taking this time off as a vacation from schooling.
Gap years offer an opportunity for experiential learning. They allow you to leave the classroom and learn new skills and ideas through doing something. You might find yourself in completely new situations that call for special problem-solving skills. Moreover, many students go through twelve years of schooling in the same place with the same group of people. By taking a gap year, they can step out of their
comfort zone (区域) and into an entirely new culture. Just like gaining new experiences on a gap year, they can also meet new people of all different ages and walks of life. Finally, a gap year can also be a great way to get yourself recharged (重新充电). Instead of immediately jumping into the next four years of your education, you can take a break from the classroom and focus on your personal interests and passions. Many top universities encourage accepted students to take a gap year before starting college.
However, before you get too excited about the idea of taking a gap year, you should also know about possible drawbacks. If you take a gap year, you could fall a year behind your peers (同伴). To catch up, you have to come up with a plan to graduate in three years. For the most part, studies show that students who take a gap year find themselves more driven when they arrive at college. However, you might find it difficult to return to an educational environment after taking a year away from the classroom.
There is no set time-line for your education, and going straight from high school to college definitely isn‟t for everyone. For me personally, I still benefit from my gap year experience traveling in European countries. Gap years can take a number of forms, and they require a good deal of intention and planning. So if you have a well-thought-out plan for taking a gap year, then you should feel confident in your decision. Taking a meaningful gap year could be one of the best life experiences you ever have!
31. According to the passage, by taking a gap year, students can ______.
A.become more popular among their friends
B.catch up with their peers at study in college
C.build a stronger relationship between learning and doing
D.realize the importance of staying in their comfortable zone
【正确答案】C
【解题思路】本题考查细节推断题。

选项A译为“在他们的朋友中变得更受欢迎了”，根据题干中的关键词“popular”定位到原文第一段第一句话“Taking a gap year after high school is getting more popular among young adults each year”，点明“每年高中毕业后休学一年在青少年中变得越来越流行”，可知A选项与原文不符，故排除；选项B译为“在大学学习期间可以追赶上同龄人”，定位到第三段第二句“If you take a gap year, you could fall a year behind your peers”，译为“如果你间隔一年（休息一年），你可能会落后于同龄人一年”，可知选项B与原文相反，故排除；选项C译为“在学习和实践之间建立了稳固的关系”，定位到第二段的第一、二句话“G ap years offer an opportunity for experiential learning. They allow you to leave the classroom and learn new skills and ideas through doing something”，译为“间隔年为体验式学习提供了机会。

间隔年允许你离开教室，通过做一些事情来学习新的技能和想法”，可知C选项正确；选项D译为“意识到了待在舒适圈中的重要性”，定位到第二段第五句“By taking a gap year, they can step out of their comfort zone”，译为“通过休息一年，他们可以走出自己的舒适区”选项D与此句相悖。

故正确答案为选项C。

32. What can we learn from the passage?
A.Students should be encouraged to have a time off for a vacation after high
school.
B.Colleges should require students to spend their gap year traveling in Europe.
C.It‟s better to recharge yourself by going straight from high school to college.
D.A gap year provides students with an opportunity for personal growth.
【正确答案】D
【解题思路】本题考查推断题。

选项A译为“读完高中后，学生们应该被鼓励去度假”，定位至第一段最后一句“AGA stresses that a gap year is a year on, rather than a year off, to oppose the belief that students are taking this time off as a vacation from schooling”，译为“AGA强调间隔年是学习的一年，而不是放假的一年，AGA反对学生们把这段时间当作假期的想法”，故选项A不正确；选项B译为“大学应该要求学生去欧洲旅行度过间隔年”，定位到第四段第二句“F or me personally, I still benefit from my gap year experience traveling in European countries”，两者意思不相符，故选项B 不正确；选项C译为“从高中直接进入大学是自我充实的更好方式”，定位到第二段第七句“Finally, a gap year can also be a great way to get yourself recharged”，两者意思不相符，故选项C不正确；选项D译为“间隔年给学生们提供了自我成长的机会”，定位到第二段第八句“you can take a break from the classroom and focus on your personal interests and passions”，故正确答案为选项D。

33. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A.Take a gap year on
B.Gap years: a perfect holiday
C.The risk of taking a gap year
D.How to take a meaningful gap year
【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查主旨题。

根据文章最后一段中的句子，“So if you have a well-thought-out plan for taking a gap year, then you should feel confident in your decision. Taking a meaningful gap year could be one of the best life experiences you ever have!”，可知作者提倡休学一年。

选项A译为“休学一年”，和原文作者观点一致；选项B译为“休学年：完美的假期”，和原文作者观点相反；选项C译为“休学一年的风险”，表述片面；选项D译为“怎样有意义得度过休学年”，无中生有。

故正确选
项为A。

四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

(共10分，每小题2分)
What do you say when you pick up the phone?
You say “hello”, of course.
What do you say when someone introduces a
friend, a relative, anybody at all?
You say “hello”.
“Hello” has been for a long time considered to be the standard English language greeting since English people began greeting. But is that true?
It may be the most spoken word on the planet and the English word that most people learn first. The word is so familiar to us that it‟s surprising how new it is: “hello” has only been in use for about the last 200 years of the 1000-year history of English.
The Oxford English Dictionary says the first published use of “hello” goes back only to 1827. But it wasn‟t mainly a greeting back then. People in the 1830s said “hello” to attract attention (“Hello, what do you think you‟re doing?”), or to expres s surprise (“Hello, what do we have here?”).
But the true breakthrough for this now-common word was
when it was used in the service of brand-new technology: the
telephone. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, it was
Thomas Edison who put “hello”into common usage. He asked the people who used his phone to say “hello”when answering —which required people to address an unseen and unknown person. It was simpler and more efficient (高效的) than some other greetings used in the early days of the telephone,
such as “Do I get you?” and “Are you there?” However, the actual inventor of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell, thought that the better word was “ahoy”, which turns out to be much longer — at least 100 years longer —than “hello”. It too, was a greeting from the Dutch (荷兰语) “hoi” meaning “hello.” For his entire life, Bell insisted on answering the phone with “Ahoy.”
“Hello” obviously caught on, and spread along with the telephone. Had it not been for Edison, our greetings might be very different today. It could be possible that we are still greeting people with “Ahoy” when picking up the phone.
34. How long has “hello” been used in the 1000-year history of the English language? ___________________________________________________________________ 【正确答案】For about 200 years.
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

定位关键词“1000-year history of English”，到文章第六段最后一句话，故正确答案为For about 200 years.
35. What was the purpose of people saying “hello” in the 1830s?
__________________________________________________________________ 【正确答案】To attract attention or to express surprise.
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

定位关键词“in the 1830s” 到文章第七段最后一句话，故正确答案为To attract attention or to express surprise.
36. Who put “hello” into common usage?
___________________________________________________________________ 【正确答案】Thomas Edison.
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

定位关键词“put …hello‟ into common usage”，到文章第八段第二句，故正确答案为Thomas Edison.
37. What word did Bell prefer to use when answering the phone?
___________________________________________________________________ 【正确答案】Ahoy.
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。

定位关键词“Bell prefer to use when answering the phone”到文章倒数第二段最后一句“Bell insisted on answering the phone with …Ahoy‟”，原句insisted on与题干中prefer to表达意思相近，故正确答案为Ahoy. 38. What is the passage mainly about?
___________________________________________________________________ 【正确答案】The history of using “hello” as greetings.
【解题思路】本题考查主旨大意题。

本篇文章围绕“hello” as greetings进行讲述，“hello”用作问候语从1827年起，随着电话的使用，到如今其使用都很普遍，文章围绕中心词“hello”，按照时间顺序进行描述，可以归纳出文章在描述“hello”作为问候语的历史。

故正确答案为The history of using “hello” as greetings.
五、文段表达。

(10分)
39.从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。

文中已给出内容不计入总词数。

所给提示词语仅供选用。

请不要写出你的校名和姓名。

题目①
假如你是李华，你们班正在开展“好书伴我成长”的读书分享活动。

活动要求班里的每一位同学做发言展示，向大家介绍自己最喜欢的一本书。

你们班交换生Peter给你发邮件询问相关事情。

请用英语回复一封邮件，告诉他展示的时间，并就如何做好展示给予他一些建议。

提示词语: great, reasons, writer, characters, pictures, confident。