高中英语真题-M5U3Scienceandnature

高中英语真题:M5U3Scienceandnature
1．adopt v 采用(纳)；采取
an adopted son养子
adopt an approach/a strategy/a policy采用某方法/战略/政策 (1)A year later came our second adopted boy.
一年后，我们收养了第二个男孩。

(2)The young couple had no children of their own and a n orphan. After a few months, the child came to to his n ew life.
这对年轻夫妇没有亲生孩子，领养了一名孤儿。

几个月过后这个孩子渐渐适应了他的新生活。

2．consequence n．结果；后果；重要性
in consequence＝as a consequence＝as a result结果；因而
in consequence of＝as a consequence of＝as a result of由于，因为……
take the consequences of承担后果
be of no consequence不重要
(1) your laziness and rudeness, I am forced to dismiss you.
由于你的懒惰和粗野，我不得不辞退你。

(2)This poses a threat to agriculture and the food chain, and c onsequently to human health.
这会对农业和食物链造成威胁，由此而危及人的健康。

3．conduct v．组织；安排；指挥；举止；表现；n.行为；举止
conduct an experiment/an inquiry/a survey进行实验/询问/调查
conduct oneself举止，表现
conduct sb. to...引领某人到……
(1)I think he well, considering the difficult circumsta nces.
考虑到那种困难的情况，我认为他的表现很好。

(2)The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city .
导游引导我们游览了古城遗迹。

4．majority n．大部分；大多数
in a/the majority占大多数
have a majority over sb.战胜某人
by/with a majority of以大多数……赢得……
major in主修……
注意the majority作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。

(1)The majority was/were in favor of the proposal.大多数人赞成这个建议。

(2)He won the seat 71 votes.
他以71票的优势赢得了该席位。

5．frighten v．使惊吓；使愕然
frighten sb./sth. away/off把某人(物)吓走
frighten sb. into/out of doing sth.吓唬某人做/不做某事
be frightened of...害怕……
be frightened to do...吓得不敢做某事
(1)He the old lady the paper.他恐吓老太太签了字。

(2)The little girl was frightened that her mother wouldn’t come back.
那小女孩害怕妈妈不再回来。

6．transform v．彻底改变；改造；改善
transform...into...把……变成……
transform...from...从……中转变、转化
change sth.into＝turn sth.into把……变成
注意transform指在根本上改变人或物的外表、形态或性质。

(1)In only 20 years the country has been an advan ced industrial power.
这个国家只用了20年时间就变成了一个先进的工业强国。

(2)In recent years his ideas have undergone a complete trans formation.
近年来他的观念有了彻底的改变。

7．confirm v．证实；证明；批准；确认；认可
confirm sb. as...批准某人担任……
It is confirmed that...确定……；证明……
(1)He captain for the rest of the season.
他被正式任命在这个赛季剩下的时间内担任队长。

(2)The walk in the mountains confirmed his fear of heights.
在山里步行使他更加确信自己有恐高症。

8．anxiety n.焦虑；.担心；渴望
with anxiety焦虑地
anxious adj.焦虑的；担忧的；渴望的；急切的
be anxious about sth.为某事忧虑，担心
be anxious for sth.渴望某事
be anxious to do...渴望做……，急于做……
(1)He is very anxious about the results of the exam.
他很担心考试的结果。

(2)I’m mother’s return.
我急切盼望妈妈回来。

1．on the other hand另一方面；反过来说
(1)on (the) one hand...，on the other (hand)．..(引出不同的，尤指对立的观点、思想等)一方面……，另一方面(却)……
(2)first(ly)．..；second(ly)．..第一……；第二……
(3)for one thing...， ...一则……，二则……
(1)I want to go to the party，
but on the other hand I ought to stay studying.
我想去参加聚会，但从另一方面来说，我应该留下来学习。

(2) I want to sell the house，
but I can’t bear the thought of moving.
一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面我又不能忍受搬家。

易混辨析on (the) one hand...，on the other (hand)．..；for one thing...，for another...
2．be/get burnt out耗尽体力，累垮
burn...to the ground把……烧成平地
burn...to death把……烧死
burn down烧毁；(火)渐渐烧完，变小
burn oneself/sb. out耗尽体力；累垮
(1)The house was burnt to the ground.房子被全部烧成了平地。

(2)You’ll if you work so hard.
你这样拼命工作，会把身体搞垮的。

3．in favour of赞成，主张
favour n．帮助；好事；恩惠；赞同
ask a favour of sb.求某人帮一个忙
do a favour for sb.＝do sb. a favour帮某人一个忙
in one’s favour对某人有利
favourable adj.赞成的；有利的，有帮助的
favourite adj.最喜欢的；n.最喜欢的人或物
(1)Was he the plan?
他赞成这个计划吗？
(2)Do me a favour and turn the radio down while I’m on the ph one, will you?
劳驾，我在打电话时你把收音机的声音调小点好吗？
4．take sth. into consideration考虑到某事物
vt.考虑；认为
in consideration of考虑到；由于
consideration在考虑中
consider doing sth.考虑做某事
adj./n.
to be 把……认为/看作
as...
consider＋wh＋to do sth.
consider＋宾语＋
……
(1)We must the weather first when climb ing mountains.爬山时，我们首先必须考虑的是天气。

(2)The p roposal you came up with is under consideration.
你的提议正在考虑之中。

思考题：有关consider的常用句
型：
语境填词
1．Among the members of the team those who are for the pla n are in the .
2．I am very about my son’s health.
3．Their efforts have the bald hill into one covered with green trees all over.
4．It has been that the meeting will take place next wee k.
5．He threatened the intruders with a gun and them off. 6．She was forced to have her baby .
7．He himself far better than expected.
8．She has lived in , and as a speaks French fluently.选词填空
1．The building was in a big fire.
2．I’m all equal pay for equal work.
3．Food here is cheaper than that in Britain，
but clothing，，is dearer.
4．Your teachers will your recent illness whe n marking your papers.
单项填空
1．This treatment is not available in of hospitals. A．most B．majority
C．the most D．the majority
2．His suggestion has been by people in many parts of t he world.
A．adopting B．adopted
C．adapted D．adapting
3．—What a scene on the stage!
—Yeah, we girls were really .
A．frightened；frightened
B．frightening；frightened
C．frightening；frightening
D．frightened；frightening
4．The young athlete hurt his foot in the race. ， he miss ed the chance to get the gold medal.
A．Consequently B．Unfortunately
C．Absolutely D．Interestingly
5．It is high time that the old educational systems were . A．moved B．dismissed C．transformed D．conveyed
6．Please bring something with you that your identity. A．confirms B．says
C．explains D．desires
7．A longterm study by the medical school shows that ba bies of smoking mothers will be less healthy than those of non smoking mothers.
A．performed B．undergone
C．managed D．conducted
8．My mother always gets a bit if we don’t arrive when w e say we will.
A．anxious B．ashamed
C．weak D．patient
9．—Why didn’t you buy the gold ring?
—I ，but I didn’t have the money.
A．would have B．bought
C．would like to D．had bought 10．Don’t ask me to explain you really don’t understand. A．unless B．until C．if D．w hen
11．Most of them were my opinion while David was agai nst it.
A．in honor of B．in favour of
C．in search of D．in member of
12．He considered medicine and up the pen
in order to do more for the people.
A．to drop；took B．dropping；taking C．dropping；to take D．to drop；take
13．I would like a job which pays more，
but I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.
A．in other words B．on the other hand C．for the thing D．as a matter of fact 14．The fire is burning ；add some more coal to it，please.
A．up B．down C．away D．ou t
Ⅰ.1.majority 2.anxious 3.transformed 4.confirmed
5.frightened
6．adopted 7.conducted 8.consequence
Ⅱ.1.D 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.A
对点自测
Ⅰ.1.burnt out 2.in favour of 3.on the other hand 4.take；into consideration
Ⅱ.1.unless he cooked it himself
2.If he had come a few minutes earlier
Ⅲ.1.A 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.B
Ⅰ.1.majority 2.anxious 3.transformed 4.confirmed
5.frightened
6．adopted 7.conducted 8.consequence
Ⅱ.1.D 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.A
对点自测
Ⅰ.1.burnt out 2.in favour of 3.on the other hand 4.take；into consideration
Ⅱ.1.unless he cooked it himself
2.If he had come a few minutes earlier
Ⅲ.1.A 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.B
Ⅰ.1.majority 2.anxious 3.transformed 4.confirmed
5.frightened
6．adopted 7.conducted 8.consequence
Ⅱ.1.D 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.A
对点自测
Ⅰ.1.burnt out 2.in favour of 3.on the other hand 4.take；into consideration
Ⅱ.1.unless he cooked it himself
2.If he had come a few minutes earlier
Ⅲ.1.A 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.B
M5U3Scienceandnature
1．adopt v 采用(纳)；采取
an adopted son养子
adopt an approach/a strategy/a policy采用某方法/战略/政策
(1)A year later came our second adopted boy.
一年后，我们收养了第二个男孩。

(2)The young couple had no children of their own and an orphan. After a few months, t he child came to to his new life.
这对年轻夫妇没有亲生孩子，领养了一名孤儿。

几个月过后这个孩子渐渐适应了他的新生活。

2．consequence n．结果；后果；重要性
in consequence＝as a consequence＝as a result结果；因而
in consequence of＝as a consequence of＝as a result of由于，因为……
take the consequences of承担后果
be of no consequence不重要
(1) your laziness and rudeness, I am forced to dismiss you.
由于你的懒惰和粗野，我不得不辞退你。

(2)This poses a threat to agriculture and the food chain, and consequently to human health.这会对农业和食物链造成威胁，由此而危及人的健康。

3．conduct v．组织；安排；指挥；举止；表现；n.行为；举止
conduct an experiment/an inquiry/a survey进行实验/询问/调查
conduct oneself举止，表现
conduct sb. to...引领某人到……
(1)I think he well, considering the difficult circumstances.
考虑到那种困难的情况，我认为他的表现很好。

(2)The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city.
导游引导我们游览了古城遗迹。

4．majority n．大部分；大多数
in a/the majority占大多数
have a majority over sb.战胜某人
by/with a majority of以大多数……赢得……
major in主修……
注意the majority作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。

(1)The majority was/were in favor of the proposal.大多数人赞成这个建议。

(2)He won the seat 71 votes.
他以71票的优势赢得了该席位。

5．frighten v．使惊吓；使愕然
frighten sb./sth. away/off把某人(物)吓走
frighten sb. into/out of doing sth.吓唬某人做/不做某事
be frightened of...害怕……
be frightened to do...吓得不敢做某事
(1)He the old lady the paper.他恐吓老太太签了字。

(2)The little girl was frightened that her mother would n’t come back.
那小女孩害怕妈妈不再回来。

6．transform v．彻底改变；改造；改善
transform...into...把……变成……
transform...from...从……中转变、转化
change sth.into＝turn sth.into把……变成
注意transform指在根本上改变人或物的外表、形态或性质。

(1)In only 20 years the country has been an advanced industrial power.这个国家只用了20年时间就变成了一个先进的工业强国。

(2)In recent years his ideas have undergone a complete transformation.
近年来他的观念有了彻底的改变。

7．confirm v．证实；证明；批准；确认；认可
confirm sb. as...批准某人担任……
It is confirmed that...确定……；证明……
(1)He captain for the rest of the season.
他被正式任命在这个赛季剩下的时间内担任队长。

(2)The walk in the mountains confirmed his fear of heights.
在山里步行使他更加确信自己有恐高症。

8．anxiety n.焦虑；.担心；渴望
with anxiety焦虑地
anxious adj.焦虑的；担忧的；渴望的；急切的
be anxious about sth.为某事忧虑，担心
be anxious for sth.渴望某事
be anxious to do...渴望做……，急于做……
(1)He is very anxious about the results of the exam.
他很担心考试的结果。

(2)I’m mother’s return.
我急切盼望妈妈回来。

1．on the other hand另一方面；反过来说
(1)on (the) one hand...，on the other (hand)．..(引出不同的，尤指对立的观点、思想等)一方面……，另一方面(却)……
(2)first(ly)．..；second(ly)．..第一……；第二……
(3)for one thing...， ...一则……，二则……
(1)I want to go to the party，but on the other hand I ought to stay studying.
我想去参加聚会，但从另一方面来说，我应该留下来学习。

(2) I want to sell the house，
but I can’t bear the thought of moving.
一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面我又不能忍受搬家。

易混辨析on (the) one hand...，on the other (hand)．..；for one thing...，for another...
2．be/get burnt out耗尽体力，累垮
burn...to the ground把……烧成平地
burn...to death把……烧死
burn down烧毁；(火)渐渐烧完，变小
burn oneself/sb. out耗尽体力；累垮
(1)The house was burnt to the ground.房子被全部烧成了平地。

(2)You’ll if you work so hard.
你这样拼命工作，会把身体搞垮的。

3．in favour of赞成，主张
favour n．帮助；好事；恩惠；赞同
ask a favour of sb.求某人帮一个忙
do a favour for sb.＝do sb. a favour帮某人一个忙
in one’s favour对某人有利
favourable adj.赞成的；有利的，有帮助的
favourite adj.最喜欢的；n.最喜欢的人或物
(1)Was he the plan?
他赞成这个计划吗？
(2)Do me a favour and turn the radio down while I’m on the phone, will you?劳驾，我在打电话时你把收音机的声音调小点好吗？
4．take sth. into consideration考虑到某事物
vt.考虑；认为
in consideration of考虑到；由于
consideration在考虑中
consider doing sth.考虑做某事
adj./n.
to be 把……认为/看作
as...
consider＋wh＋to do sth.
consider＋宾语＋
……
(1)We must the weather first when climbing mountains.爬山时，我们首先必须考虑的是天气。

(2)The p roposal you came up with is under consideration.
你的提议正在考虑之中。

思考题：有关consider的常用句型：
语境填词
1．Among the members of the team those who are for the plan are in the .
2．I am very about my son’s health.
3．Their efforts have the bald hill into one covered with green trees all over.
4．It has been that the meeting will take place next week.
5．He threatened the intruders with a gun and them off.
6．She was forced to have her baby .
7．He himself far better than expected.
8．She has lived in , and as a speaks French fluently.
选词填空
1．The building was in a big fire.
2．I’m all equal pay for equal work.
3．Food here is cheaper than that in Britain，but clothing，，is dearer. 4．Your teachers will your recent illness when marking your papers.
单项填空
1．This treatment is not available in of hospitals.
A．most B．majority
C．the most D．the majority
2．His suggestion has been by people in many parts of the world.
A．adopting B．adopted
C．adapted D．adapting
3．—What a scene on the stage!
—Yeah, we girls were really .
A．frightened；frightened
B．frightening；frightened
C．frightening；frightening
D．frightened；frightening
4．The young athlete hurt his foot in the race. ， he missed the chance to get the gold medal.
A．Consequently B．Unfortunately
C．Absolutely D．Interestingly
5．It is high time that the old educational systems were .
A．moved B．dismissed
C．transformed D．conveyed
6．Please bring something with you that your identity.
A．confirms B．says
C．explains D．desires
7．A longterm study by the medical school shows that babies of smoking mothers will b e less healthy than those of nonsmoking mothers.
A．performed B．undergone
C．managed D．conducted
8．My mother always gets a bit if we don’t arrive when we say we will.
A．anxious B．ashamed
C．weak D．patient
9．—Why didn’t you buy the gold ring?
—I ，but I didn’t have the money.
A．would have B．bought
C．would like to D．had bought
10．Don’t ask me to explain you really don’t understand.
A．unless B．until C．if D．when
11．Most of them were my opinion while David was against it.
A．in honor of B．in favour of
C．in search of D．in member of
12．He considered medicine and up the pen in order to do more for the people. A．to drop；took B．dropping；taking
C．dropping；to take D．to drop；take
13．I would like a job which pays more，but I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment. A．in other words B．on the other hand
C．for the thing D．as a matter of fact
14．The fire is burning ；add some more coal to it，please.
A．up B．down C．away D．out
Ⅰ.1.majority 2.anxious 3.transformed 4.confirmed 5.frightened
6．adopted 7.conducted 8.consequence
Ⅱ.1.D 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.A
对点自测
Ⅰ.1.burnt out 2.in favour of 3.on the other hand 4.take；into consideration Ⅱ.1.unless he cooked it himself 2.If he had come a few minutes earlier
Ⅲ.1.A 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.B
Ⅰ.1.majority 2.anxious 3.transformed 4.confirmed 5.frightened 6．adopted 7.conducted 8.consequence
Ⅱ.1.D 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.A
对点自测
Ⅰ.1.burnt out 2.in favour of 3.on the other hand 4.take；into consideration Ⅱ.1.unless he cooked it himself 2.If he had come a few minutes earlier
Ⅲ.1.A 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.B
Ⅰ.1.majority 2.anxious 3.transformed 4.confirmed 5.frightened 6．adopted 7.conducted 8.consequence
Ⅱ.1.D 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.A
对点自测
Ⅰ.1.burnt out 2.in favour of 3.on the other hand 4.take；into consideration Ⅱ.1.unless he cooked it himself 2.If he had come a few minutes earlier
Ⅲ.1.A 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.B。