2015年高考英语情态动词与虚拟语气练习

情态动词与虚拟语气练习
1.(2014大纲全国卷,30,1分)Although you______find bargains in London,it’s not generally a cheap place to shop.
A.should
B.need
C.must
D.can
[答案] 1.D
[解析] 1.句意:虽然你在伦敦可能会买到特价商品,但是总的说来那不是能买到便宜货的地方。

考查情态动词。

can在此处表示“可能性”。

2.(2014重庆,13,1分)It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I______it?
A.had done
B.have done
C.did
D.am doing
[答案] 2.A
[解析] 2. 句意:是约翰打坏的窗户,你为什么和我说呢?好像是我打坏的一样。

本题考查虚拟语气。

第一句已经说明是John打坏的窗户,所以第二句中as if后面要用虚拟语气,而且是对过去的虚拟,所以要用过去完成时,故选A。

3.(2014重庆,3,1分)I’ve ordered some pizza,so we______worry about cooking when we get home tired.
A.can’t
B.dare not
C.needn’t
D.may not
[答案] 3.C
[解析] 3.句意:我已经预订了一些比萨饼,所以当我们到家感到累的时候就不必担心做饭的事了。

本题考查情态动词。

A:不能,不可能;B:不敢;C:不必;D:可能不。

根据句意可知答案为C项。

4.(2014四川,6)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother______take me to Disneyland at weekends.
A.might
B.must
C.would
D.should
[答案] 4.C
[解析] 4.句意:我现在仍然记得我快乐的童年,那时候我妈妈常常在周末带我去迪斯尼乐园。

本题考查情态动词。

might 可能;must 必须,一定;would 过去常常;should 应该,根据句意应选C项。

5.(2014福建,32,1分)______no modern telecommunications,we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
A.Were there
B.Had there been
C.If there are
D.If there have been
[答案] 5.A
[解析] 5.句意:要是没有现代化的通讯工具,我们要等上几周才能获取世界各地的新闻。

本题考查虚拟语气。

根据主句谓语结构would have可知题干表示与现在事实相反的假设,if条件句谓语应为“动词的过去式”,即If there were...,所以排除B、C和D。

在虚拟条件句中可以省略if,把were提到句首,故答案为A项。

6.(2014江西,30,1分)Life is unpredictable;even the poorest______become the richest.
A.shall
B.must
C.need
D.might
[答案] 6.D
[解析] 6.句意:生活是不可预测的;即使是最贫穷的人也可能成为最富有的人。

本题考查情态动词。

根据句意可知本空表示推测。

shall将会(表示预言);must一定;need需要;might可能。

根据句意可知,D为答案。

7.(2014湖南,25,1分)—I’ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.
—Do you mean we______bring anything with us?
A.can’t
B.mustn’t
C.shan’t
D.needn’t
[答案] 7.D
[解析] 7.句意:——我已经为野餐准备好了各种食物。

——你的意思是说我们不必再带任何东西了吗?本题考查情态动词。

根据上下文可知设空处表示“不必”,故答案为D项。

A:不能,不可能;B:禁止;C:不会。

8.(2014湖南,22,1分)If Mr.Dewey______present,he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.
A.were
B.had been
C.should be
D.was
[答案] 8.B
[解析] 8.句意:如果Dewey先生当时在场的话,他会为那里的人们提供任何可能的帮助。

本题考查虚拟语气。

根据题干中的would have offered及上下文逻辑可知设空处与过去事实相反,故答案为B项(had been)。

在虚拟语气中,如果条件从句和主句均与过去事实相反,条件从句谓语动词为:had+过去分词,主句谓语动词
为:would/should/could/might+have+过去分词。

9.(2014陕西,25,1分)My book,The House of Hades,is missing.Who______have taken it?
A.need
B.must
C.should
D.could
[答案] 9.D
[解析] 9.句意:我的书《The House of Hades》丢了。

可能会是谁拿走了呢?考查情态动词的用法。

从语境分析,could在此处表示对过去“可能性”的推测。

故选D项。

10.(2014陕西,23,1分)We would rather our daughter______at home with us,but it is her choice,and she is not a child any longer.
A.would stay
B.has stayed
C.stayed
D.stay
[答案] 10.C
[解析] 10.句意:我们希望女儿待在家里和我们在一起,但这是她的选择,她不再是个孩子了。

考查虚拟语气。

would rather...表示“宁愿,希望”,其后的从句要用虚拟语气。

表示与现在或将来事实相反的假设时,从句用一般过去时;表示与过去事实相反的假设时,从句用过去完成时。

如:I’d rather I had not gone wrong yesterday.要是我昨天不出错就好了。

11.(2014安徽,30,1分)People are recycling many things which they______away in the past.
A.had thrown
B.will be throwing
C.were throwing
D.would have thrown
[答案] 11.D
[解析] 11.句意:人们现在回收的许多东西要是在以前就会被扔掉了。

考查虚拟语气。

本句定语从句部分为含蓄条件句,表示“要是过去的话,这些东西就会被扔掉了”。

根据句意可知此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,故用would have done,故选D。

12.(2014浙江,16,0.5分)They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation,or they______to our help.
A.would have come
B.could come
C.have come
D.had come
[答案] 12.A
[解析] 12.句意:我们在做调查的那几个月,他们在国外,否则他们会来给我们帮忙的。

考查虚拟语气。

由句意可知设空处表示与过去事实相反的假设,故选A。

13.(2014江苏,31,1分)It was sad to me that they,so poor themselves,______bring me food.
A.might
B.would
C.should
D.could
[答案] 13.C
[解析] 13.句意:让我难过的是,他们自己那么贫穷,竟然还给我带来食物。

本题考查情态动词。

情态动词should 可以表示说话人惊讶的语气,意为“竟然”。

14.(2014天津,15,1分)______the morning train,he would not have been late for the meeting.
A.Did he catch
B.Should he catch
C.Has he caught
D.Had he caught
[答案] 14.D
[解析] 14.句意:要是他赶上了早晨的火车,那他就不会开会迟到了。

本题考查虚拟语气。

根据句意,此处是与过去事实相反的假设,条件状语从句应该用过去完成时。

本题为省略if的虚拟条件句,应把助动词had提到句首,变为倒装句式。

所以答案为D项。

15.(2014北京,34)We______back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.
A.are
B.were
C.will be
D.would be
[答案] 15.D
[解析] 15.句意:如果你没有丢掉地图,我们现在回到宾馆了。

本题考查虚拟语气。

根据句意可知,if引导的从句是对过去事实的阐述,而主句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟,其谓语动词应为:would/should/could/might+do
结构,故选择D项。

16.(2014北京,27)______I have a word with you?It won’t take long.
A.Can
B.Must
C.Shall
D.Should
[答案] 16.A
[解析] 16.句意:我能和你说句话吗?不会花很长时间的。

本题考查情态动词的基本用法。

can可以,表请求允许;must必须,表必要性;shall与第一人称连用,用于一般疑问句中表示建议;should应该,表义务。

根据句意应选择A项。

17.（2014天津市十二区县重点学校高三毕业班联考一，14）Housing prices _________much higher now if the government hadn’t taken measures t o control house dealing.
A. were
B. would be
C. had been
D. would have been
[答案] 17.B
[解析] 17.句意：如果政府没有采取措施来控制物价的话，那现在的房价将会更高的。

考查虚拟语气。

if引动的虚拟条件句是如过去情况相反的假设，而根据主句的时间状语now可知空格处是与现在情况相反的假设，谓语动词要用would be，所以答案为B项。

18.（2014天津市十二区县重点学校高三毕业班联考一，3）Tony ________ the invitation, otherwise he would have attended your birthday party.
A. couldn’t have received
B. mustn’t have received
C. needn’t have received
D. shouldn’t have received
[答案] 18.A
[解析] 18.句意：托尼不可能收到了邀请，否则的话他就回来参加你的生日聚会了。

couldn’t have done意为：过去不可能做过某事，符合语境。

B项本身是错误的，must不能表否定推测；needn’t have done意为：过去没有必要做某事；shouldn’t have done意为：过去不应该做某事。

19.（2014重庆市重庆一中高三下学期第一次月考，24）—You naughty boy! You _____ get what you deserve! — I am sorry! Please forgive me!
A. can
B. shall
C. must
D. ought to
[答案] 19.B
[解析] 19.句意：—你这个淘气的孩子！你会的到报应的。

—对不起了！原谅我吧。

根据对话的语境此处考查情态动词shall用在第二人称代词you之后表示说话者一种警告的语气。

shall用在第二、三人称后表示说话者的命令、警告、许诺等语气。

20.（2014江西省重点中学协作体高三第一次联考，28）Personally, the job as a teacher ________ be challenging, for I sometimes ________ deal with some smarter but less diligent students.
A. can; have to
B. may; can
C. has to; may
D. ought to; must
[答案] 20.A
[解析] 20.句意：就我个人而言，老师的工作有时候会很具有挑战性，因为我有时候不得不应对一些比较聪明蛋又不勤奋的学生。

第一个表达：这份工作在某些时候可能会……，要用情态动词can；第二个看表达：有的时候不得不做某事，要用have to do sth. ；所以答案为A项。

21.（2014重庆市名校联盟高三下学期联合考试，11）Whether dying patients be helped to end their lives is a tough moral question.
A. must
B. should
C. might
D. would
[答案] 21.B
[解析] 21.句意：是不是应该帮助濒死的父母结束生命这是很艰难的道义问题。

考查情态动词。

根据语境可知此处表说话者表达是否应该做某事，要用should。

22.（2014四川省成都市高中毕业班第二次诊断性检测，9）—Where did you get this book?
—I picked it up from a second-hand bookshop if you ________know.
A. must
B. will
C. can
D. shall
[答案] 22.A
[解析] 22.句意：—你是在哪儿买到的这本书？—如果你一定要知道的话，那我实在一家二手书店偶然看到的。

考查情态动词，说话者表达：非得要做某事、一定要做某事；要用must。

23.（2014吉林省实验中学高三第一次模拟，23）The results of the medical checkup suggested that my father in poor health, so the doctor suggested that he smoking and take more exercise.
A. was; gave up
B. be; should give up
C. should be; gave up
D. was; give up
[答案] 23.D
[解析] 23.句意：医疗检查结果表明我的父亲健康状况不佳，因此医生建议他戒烟，多运动。

第一空suggest 意为“暗示，表明” ，其后宾语从句不用虚拟语气；第二空suggest意为“建议” ，其后宾语从句用“should+动词原形” 表示虚拟，should可以省略。

24.（2014江西省红色六校高三第二次联考，33）We would have to put off the visit to the Water Cube________ it rain tomorrow.
A. Would
B. Were
C. Should
D. Could
[答案] 24.C
[解析] 24.句意：如果明天下雨，我们将不得不推迟参观水立方。

在if条件句中用“should+动词原形” 表示与将来事实相反的假设，且可以省略if，将should提到主语之前，即：should it rain tomorrow = if it should rain tomorrow。

25.（2014江西省红色六校高三第二次联考，30）He _____ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.
A. should
B. must
C. wouldn’t
D. can’t
[答案] 25.B
[解析] 25.句意：他一定已经完成工作了；否则，他就不会在海边这么享受了。

下文otherwise和wouldn’t be enjoying暗示这是一个与现在事实相反的假设，即，他此刻正在海边享受。

故前文应用“must+have+过去分词” 表示对过去的推测，语气很肯定。

26.（2014福建省福州市高三毕业班质量检测，29）—How dangerous it was!
—Yes，but for the young man’s quick action，he_________ run over by the car.
A. must have been
B. could have been
C. would be
D. might be [答案] 26.B
[解析] 26.句意：——好险啊！——是啊，要不是这个年轻人动作快，他可能就被车碾过去了。

根据语境可知，双方在谈论过去的一件事。

but for（要不是）引导的短语可以起到一个虚拟条件句的作用，相当于if there hadn’t been the young man’s quick action，故主语应使用could have been表示与过去事实相反的假设。

A项只表示对过去事情的推测，不表示虚拟。

27.（2014福建省福州市高三毕业班质量检测，27）The hotline_________ be very busy，but keep trying and you’ll get through.
A. should
B. must
C. can
D. would
[答案] 27.C
[解析] 27.句意：该热线有时会很忙，但是不停地拨打，你就能打通。

can有时可以用于肯定句，表示理论上的可能性，说明人或事物的特征。

又如：He can be very difficult to please. 他这个人有时很难伺候。

28.（2014北京东城区高三第二学期教学统一检测，33）—Is Jack still in hospital?
—Yes. He _________ the bad food.
A. wouldn’t eat
B. shouldn’t eat
C. wouldn’t have eaten
D. shouldn’t have eaten
[答案] 28.D
[解析] 28.句意：——杰克还在住院？——是啊。

他本不该吃变质的食物。

杰克吃坏肚子发生在过去，故使用“shouldn’t+have+过去分词” 表示对过去事情的遗憾或责怪，意为“本来不应该做某事（却做了）” 。

29.（2014北京东城区高三第二学期教学统一检测，26）I _________ to the party with you tomorrow if
I didn’t have to attend the meeting.
A. went
B. had gone
C. would go
D. would have gone
[答案] 29.C
[解析] 29.句意：如果不开会，明天我就和你一起参加聚会。

时间状语tomorrow提示此句为与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，所以主句用“wo uld+动词原形” ，if从句用动词的过去式。

30.（2014北京东城区高三第二学期教学统一检测，23）—Was the United State of America founded on July 4th, 1776？
—You _________ be right but I need to check it in the history textbook anyway.
A. have to
B. must
C. may
D. will
[答案] 30.C
[解析] 30.句意：——美国是成立于1776年7月4日吗？——你可能说得对，但是我还是要在历史书中查一查。

下文暗示说话人的语气不确定，所以用may推测“可能是对的” 。

31.(2014安徽省合肥市高三第二次教学质量检测，35) — Did you go to the lecture by the visiting professor?
— No. I ______ it, but I' ve been busy taking care of my grandma in hospital these days.
A. would have attended
B. should attend
C. must have attended
D. would attend
[答案] 31.A
[解析] 31.句意：——你去听客座教授的讲座了吗？——没有。

我本来要去的，但是这些天我一直忙着在医院照顾奶奶。

上文Did you go to…告诉我们“听讲座” 是过去的一件事。

由此判断，这是一个和过去事实相反的假设，故选A；注意must have done只表示对过去的肯定推测，意为“一定…” 。

32.（2014安徽省江南十校高三3月联考，30）—The deadline is drawing, but I failed to challenge the task a third time.
— ______ my brother have a try?
A. Will
B. May
C. Shall
D. Must
[答案] 32.C
[解析] 32.句意：——限期快到了，但是我没能再次挑战这个任务。

——要我哥哥试一试吗？情态动词shall 用于第一、三人称的疑问句时，表示说话人征询对方的意见或提出请求。

又如：Shall I open the window? 我打开窗子好吗？
33.（2014北京市海淀区高三年级第一学期期末，35）But for the mistakes he made, Li Ming ______ the entrance exam last year.
A. would have passed
B. will pass
C. would pass
D. will have passed
[答案] 33.A
[解析] 33.句意：要不是他所犯的错误，李明去年就可以通过入学考试了。

本题考查虚拟语气。

But for the mistakes he made相当于含蓄条件句If it hadn’t been for the mistakes he made，此处表示与过去事实相反，所以主句部分采用would have done结构，故选A项。

34.（2014北京市海淀区高三年级第一学期期末，30）—Can I smoke here?
—No. Go to the smoking section, if you ______.
A. must
B. can
C. shall
D. may
[答案] 34.A
[解析] 34.句意：——我能在这儿吸烟吗？——不能。

如果你非要吸，就请去吸烟区。

本题考查情态动词。

must在句中意为“非要” ，其他三项都与语境不符，所以选A项。

35.（2014浙江省温州十校联合体高三上学期期末考试，36）Had they known what was coming next, they __________ second thought.
A. may have
B. could have
C. must have had
D. might have had
[答案] 35.D
[解析] 35.考查虚拟语气。

句意：如果他们直到接下来会发生什么，他们可能会仔细考虑。

此处从句是省略了if的虚拟语气，补充完整为If they had known what was coming next，且是和过去事实相反，故主句用would/could/might/ should have done形式，即D项正确。

36.（2014浙江省温州十校联合体高三上学期期末考试，34）___________ your timely help, I __________ in the traffic jam for a long time.
A. Without; would be
B. But for; would be
C. Otherwise; would have been
D. But for; would have been [答案] 36.D
[解析] 36.考查介词和虚拟语气。

句意：要不是你们及时帮忙，我会堵车很长时间。

根据语境可知第一空but for“要不是” 正确；根据语境可知此处是和过去事实相反，故主句用would/could/might/ should have done
形式，即D项正确。

without“没有” ；otherwise“否则” 。

37.（2014浙江省温州十校联合体高三上学期期末考试，29）We _______ have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner.
A. may not
B. needn’t
C. can’t
D. mustn’t
[答案] 37.B
[解析] 37.考查情态动词。

句意：既然Suzie没和我们一起吃饭，我们本没有必要买这么多食物。

needn’t have bought“本没有必要做某事” ，符合语境。

38.（2014四川省成都市高中毕业班第一次诊断性检测，5）—You talk so much about London. You ________have been there.
—Yeah, I went sightseeing on a tour last summer.
A. must
B. can
C. will
D. need
[答案] 38.A
[解析] 38.考查情态动词。

句意：——你对伦敦了解很多，肯定去过那儿。

——恩，我上个暑假去那儿观光旅游了。

根据语境可知此处是对过去情况的肯定推测，故用must have done结构。

39.（2014山东省济南市高三教学质量调研，4）_______ I suggest that you consider the matter further before taking any action?
A. Must
B. May
C. Need
D. Should
[答案] 39.B
[解析] 39.考查情态动词。

句意：我可以建议你在行动之前再次进一步地考虑这个事件吗？may表示请求，许可，符合语境。

40.（2014江苏省扬州市高三期末质量检测，21）—Mary knocked into a tree last night while driving, but she is all right.
—She is lucky. She herself badly.
A. should injure
B. might injure
C. should have injured
D. could have injured
[答案] 40.答案 D
[解析] 40.句意：——玛丽昨晚开车撞树上了，但她人没事。

——她真幸运。

她本会受重伤的。

上文last night 提示这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，首先排除A、B两项；should have done表示对过去的遗憾和责备，意思是“本该做某事（而没做）。

41.（2014吉林省吉林市高三上学期期末教学质量检测，34）He _________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.
A. wouldn’t
B. shouldn’t
C. couldn’t
D. mustn’t [答案] 41.C
[解析] 41.句意：他想睡却睡不着，绞尽脑汁地想办法，一直到想出来才睡着。

此处couldn’t表示“不可能” 。

A 不愿意；
B 不应该；D 表示禁止之意。

42.（2014吉林省吉林市高三上学期期末教学质量检测，33）—It rained cats and dogs this morning. I’m glad we took an umbrella.
— Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we _________.
A. haven’t
B. didn’t
C. don’t
D. hadn’t
[答案] 42.D
[解析] 42.句意：——上午下了这么大的雨，真高兴我们带了伞。

——是啊，要不然全身都得湿透了。

主句用了would have done，则if条件句应使用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的假设。

完整结构为：…if we hadn’t taken an umbrella.
43.（2014河南省开封市高三第一次模拟考试，29）—Has Mr. Lu shown up in class yet?
—No, I guess something ______have come up.
A. need
B. should
C. might
D. must
[答案] 43.C
[解析] 43.句意：——陆老师来上课了吗？——没有，我猜可能出什么事了。

I guess暗示说话人的语气是委婉、不确定的，故应使用might have done表示对过去情况的推测，意思是“可能…” 。

must have done则是对过去情况的肯定判断，语气强，意思是“肯定…” ；should have done表示推测时，意思是“按道理应该…” ；need不用于肯定句，也不表示推测。

44.（2014河北衡水中学高三上学期五调，30）“Attention, please. Whoever can ans wer one of my questions _________ receive a prize.” Mr Huang said in class.
A. should
B. might
C. shall
D. would
[答案] 44.C
[解析] 44.句意：黄老师在课堂上说：“请注意。

凡是能回答上我其中一个问题的同学都会获得一次奖励。

” 情态动词shall可用于第二、三人称，表示说话人的允诺。

45.（2014河北衡水中学高三上学期五调，29）—It was the drug, not the disease, that killed the boy. —He would be still alive today if he ___________it.
A. doesn’t take
B. shouldn’t have taken
C. didn’t take
D. hadn’t taken
[答案] 45.D
[解析] 45.句意：——杀死这个男孩的是药物而非疾病。

——如果他当时没有吃药，今天依然还活着。

本句属于混合虚拟条件句，主句是与现在事实相反的假设，而从句“吃药”发生在过去，故应使用had done结构来表示与过去事实相反的假设。

46.(2014甘肃省兰州市高三第一次诊断，5) It _____ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.
A. may
B. couldn’t
C. should
D.
needn’t
[答案] 46.B
[解析] 46.句意：导致你练习中出现问题的不可能是词汇，因为你知道的单词很多。

couldn’t表示对过去的否定推测，意为“不可能” 。

47.(2014甘肃省兰州市高三第一次诊断，4) We lost our way in this small village , otherwise , we ______ more places of interest yesterday.
A. visited
B. had visited
C. would visit
D. would have visited [答案] 47.D
[解析] 47.句意：要不是在这个小村子里迷路了，我们昨天本会参观更多的名胜古迹。

lost提示这是过去的
一件事，otherwise暗示“如果（过去）没有迷路的话…” 。

由此判断，这是一个和过去事实相反的假设，
所以主句该用“would+have+过去分词” 句式。

48.（2014福建省厦门市高三上学期质量检测，34）Had the government limited the sales of cars much earlier, traffic jam and pollution _______ so serious now.
A. has not been
B. would not be C . had not been D . wouldn' t have been [答案] 48.B
[解析] 48.句意：如果政府早点儿限制汽车的销售，目前的交通拥堵和空气污染问题就不会那么严重。

本题考查混合虚拟条件句。

即，从句用“had+过去分词” 表示与过去事实相反的假设，而主句时间状语now则提示
主句是和现在事实相反的假设，故选择B。

49.（2014安徽省合肥市高三第一次教学质量检测，34）The players from Guangzhou Evergrande Football Club have been doing very well recently, so they _____ win the final match.
A. need
B. might
C. would
D. should
[答案] 49.D
[解析] 49.句意：广州恒大足球俱乐部的队员们近来表现一直很好，想必会赢得这场决赛。

情态动词should
表示推测，意思是“按理该……” “想必……” “估计该……” ；might也可以表示推测，但是语气更加
委婉和不确定，故不符合语境。

50. —I wish I_______the meeting.
—But you didn’t.
A. attended
B. would attend
C. have attended
D. had attended
[答案] 50. D
[解析] 50. 英语中, wish之后的宾语从句, 表示一种没有实现或根本不可能实现的愿望, 常用虚拟语气。

根据下文的didn’t 可推测上文是对过去已发生的事实的虚拟, 故用had done结构。

51. The teacher demands that she_______her test papers within ten minutes.
A. turn in
B. hands in
C. have turned in
D. has handed in
[答案] 51. A
[解析] 51. 句意:老师要求她在十分钟内上交测试卷。

demand意为“要求”时, 引导的宾语从句一般使用虚拟语气, 谓语动词常用“ (should+) 动词原形”表示。

故A项正确。

52. Many students will take part in the school sports meeting this week, so she suggested that the class meeting_______held on Saturday.
A. not be
B. not to be
C. be not
D. be not to
[答案] 52. A
[解析] 52. 句意:许多学生本周要参加校运动会, 因此她建议周六不要开班会了。

当suggest意为“建议”时, 从句要用虚拟语气, 其谓语动词用 (should+) do; 意为“表明, 暗示”时, 宾语从句时态要与主句一致。

根据语境知她建议周六不要开班会了, 故A项正确。

53. I_______here earlier. I never thought the car would break down halfway.
A. could come
B. should come
C. would have come
D. may have come
[答案] 53. C
[解析] 53. 句意:我本来能早来的, 只是我从没想到车会在半路抛锚。

第二个分句是含蓄条件句, 如果早知道就能早来的, 与过去事实相反, 主句用would have done结构, 故C项正确。

54.—Mary doesn’t mind lending you her bike.
—She_______. I’ll take a taxi for a change today.
A. can’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. shouldn’t
[答案] 54.C
[解析] 54.句意:——Mary不介意借给你自行车。

——她不必借我了, 我今天换换花样坐出租车。

故C项符合语境。

55. The handles_______so that children can grasp them firmly.
A. can be shaped
B. should be shaped
C. must have been shaped
D. should have been shaped [答案] 55. B
[解析] 55. handles与动词shape之间构成被动关系, 由题意知, 这些把手应该做成一定形状以便孩子们能紧紧抓住。

选项C和D是情态动词表示对过去的推测, 故排除; A项与题意不符。

56. If the soldiers_______the military orders, they would have taken over the city last week!
A. followed
B. could follow
C. had followed
D. could have followed
[答案] 56. C
[解析] 56. 句意:如果这些士兵服从这些军事命令, 他们上礼拜就已经占领这个城市了! 题中if条件状语从句是与过去事实相反的假设, 谓语动词形式用“had+过去分词”, 主句谓语动词形式用
“should/would/could/might+have+过去分词”。

57. Learning a foreign language_______ be really difficult at times and there are many obstacles you must overcome.
A. shall
B. should
C. can
D. must
[答案] 57. C
[解析] 57. 句意:学习外语有时候会很难, 你会遇到许多困难。

can与sometimes, at times连用表示“有时很可能……”。

58. A judge has ruled the strike is illegal, and ordered that the union_______$2 million a day.
A. was fined
B. be fined
C. is fined
D. would be fined
[答案] 58. B
[解析] 58. 句意:一名法官裁定此次罢工非法, 并作出了每罢工一天对工会罚款二百万美元的决议。

order (命令) 其后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气, 从句中谓语动词用“should+动词原形”, should可以省略。

此外, 注意suggest (建议) , request, demand, propose, command, recommend, desire, require, insist (要求) 等词的用法。

59. We played really poorly in the first half. We_______, however, feel that we were very lucky indeed. After all, the score is tied.
A. would
B. could
C. should
D. might
[答案] 59. C
[解析] 59.句意:上半场我们表现得很糟, 但是应该感到庆幸, 毕竟终场打成了平手。

should应该, 此处对形势进行评估。

60. Belinda_______be allowed to play with that toy all the time just because she’s the eldest.
A. wouldn’t
B. needn’t
C. mustn’t
D.daren’t
[答案] 60. C
[解析] 60. 句意:贝琳达不能仅仅因为自己是老大就独占那个玩具。

mustn’t do一定不要做 (某事) , wouldn’t不想, 不愿; needn’t不必; daren’t不敢。

61. —It’s really a pity that I missed the chance to air my grievance.
—You_______ the weekly meeting for us employees last night.
A. must have attended
B. must attend
C. should attend
D. should have attended [答案] 61. D
[解析] 61. 句意:——我错过了一次申述委屈的机会, 太可惜了! ——你昨晚本应该参加我们每周员工会议的。

should/ought to have done表示过去本来应该做的事情而没有去做。

62. But for the help of the local guide, we_______ our destination ahead of time.
A. had not reached
B. will not reach
C. would have reached
D. could not have reached
[答案] 62. D
[解析] 62. 句意:要不是当地向导的帮助, 我们不可能提前到达目的地。

but for引起短语相当于对过去虚拟的条件句, 则其后用would/could/might/should+have done结构。

63. —Bad weather ruined your observation of the total solar eclipse, didn’t it?
—Yes, how I wish it_______!
A. weren’t
B. didn’t
C. hasn’t
D. hadn’t
[答案] 63. D
[解析] 63. 句意:——坏天气破坏了你观察日全食, 是吗? ——是的, 多么希望没有坏天气的破坏! 违背过去事实的愿望谓语动词用过去完成时, 题中hadn’t是hadn’t ruined my observation的省略。

64. The law keeps teenagers from getting cigarettes that_______ more freely available.
A. haven’t otherwise been
B. had otherwise been
C. would otherwise have been
D. wouldn’t otherwise be
[答案] 64. C
[解析] 64. 句意:该法律阻止青少年买香烟, 要不然他们比较方便就能得到。

信息词otherwise表示谓语动词用虚拟语气, 表示与过去事实相反的假设。

65. —Why! Monica, I couldn’t get you on the phone this morning.
—Really? I_______the flowers in my garden when you phoned me.
A. must be watering
B. must have been watering
C. might water
D. ought to have watered [答案] 65. B
[解析] 65. 句意:——嗨! 莫尼卡, 我今天早上给你打电话, 没有打通。

——真的吗? 你打电话时我肯定在花园里给花浇水。

must have been doing表示对过去正在发生的事情的肯定性的推测。

66. —Do you believe Cecilia has good table manners?
—Oh, no. As is known to us all, she_______comb her hair at the table, even though she knows we don’t like it.
A. will
B. may
C. has got to
D. shall
[答案] 66. A
[解析] 66. 句意:——你认为塞西莉亚在餐桌上讲究礼仪吗? ——哦, 不。

我们都知道, 她就餐时老是梳头发, 即使她知道我们不喜欢。

will表示某事时常发生, 某人有做某事的习惯, 某事自然或在预料之中, 表示过去时间用would。

67. —“Crash diets” make us lose weight fast and I am all into that.
—But it_______better to work out.。