2017--2018学年人教版选修七Unit 1 Living well grammar课时作业 (2)

Unit 1 Living well grammar课时作业
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A
(2018·江西南昌二中联考)
Four Wild Animal Species Were Endangered
Maybe you can still see them at the zoo. But that doesn’t mean they’re doing alright in the wild.
Tigers
All six tiger species are endangered，with Sumatran tigers and South China tigers at a seriously endangered status. The main reasons for their population decline are illegal hunting and destroyed habitats (栖息地)，as humans clear forests to gather timber(木材) and build road ways. Only about 3,890 tigers presently live in the wild.
Ground squirrels
That’s right，even squirrels are endangered，specifically the San Joaquing round squirrel. Native to California，USA，these guys have been disappearing since 1979 on account of the construction and human development going through their habitat. Their total population is unknown，but it could be anywhere between 124,000 and 413,000.
Giraffes
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature recently put giraffes at a vulnerable(脆弱的) status，the level just before endangered. The giraffe population has declined 40 percent in the last 30 years，primarily due to loss of habitat and illegal hunting. Some giraffes are killed just for their tails，which are considered status symbols in Africa.
Asian elephants
The main threat to Asian elephants，one of the most intelligent animals，is their shrinking habitat. As the human population grows，people invade their land to build roads and railway tracks. Elephants in Myanmar are at an especially high risk for being captured and traded or used illegally in the tourist industry. Fewer than 50,000 are left on the entire continent.
语篇解读本文介绍了四种濒危的野生动物。

1．Whatisthetotalpopulationoftigerslivinginthewild?
A．Around3,890. B．50,000.
C．124,000. D．413,000.
答案 A
解析细节理解题。

根据Tigers中最后一句“Only about 3,890 tigers presently live in the wild.”
可知答案为A。

2．Which of the following is considered one of the most intelligent animals?
A．Tigers. B．Giraffes.
C．Ground squirrels. D．Asian elephants.
答案 D
解析细节理解题。

根据Asian elephants中第一句“The main threat to Asian elephants，one of the most intelligent animals，is their shrinking habitat.”可知，亚洲大象被认为是最聪明的动物之一。

故选D。

3．What is the common threat to the four wild animals?
A．Illegal hunting.
B．Disturbed habitat.
C．Developing tourism.
D．Unnecessary construction.
答案 B
解析推理判断题。

从这四种动物的介绍中不难发现，对这四种动物构成威胁的共同因素是栖息地的破坏。

故选B。

B
(2018·湖南师大附中月考)
As a Malaysian，I was lucky to get the chance to run Beijing Marathon this year，one of the top- class marathon races in China. I enjoyed it in my own way，but it may be a little different compared with my fellow Chinese runners.
This race was my 87th marathon，if I take into account some ultra marathon events. I have been to a few places to experience other marathons besides my home country，Malaysia，like Chicago，Tokyo，Gold Coast，Bali，Hong Kong，Singapore，Bangkok，Borneo，Kuching，Songkhla，Phuket，etc. So，I can compare Beijing marathon with my various experiences.
Since this year’s Beijing Marathon was the starting station for China Major Marathon League and also Asia Major Marathon League，the organizer invested a lot of effort，which I recorded with my own eyes and my camera，so that I could share the nice experience with the runners in my home country and to show how maximum effort should be made to make the races successful.
From my view，the wonderful experience starts from the marathon expo. The expo not only manages the crowd，but also limits the entry tickets to only runners with valid passes. What’s
more，there are many services inside expo，like free photo taking and printing with make-up，and free race T-shirts printed with different motivational words. The organizer was so nice to put out all the previous Beijing marathon souvenirs and magazines on display so that we could read the history and background of Beijing Marathon.
On the race day，though the event started at 7：30 a．m.，the chilly weather was still acceptable as I was wearing a long-sleeved T-shirt with the race T-shirt outside，which was good as it blocked the cold wind in the early morning and the sun in the afternoon.
When I returned to Malaysia and shared about 1,200 of Beijing marathon pictures and the experience，many of Malaysian runners showed their interest，but I told them，they needed to pray for luck during ballotselection.
Still，thanks to the organizer and all volunteers who made their effort for runners to enjoy the 42.195 km marathon race，I would rate this year the best compared to previous Beijing Marathons. 语篇解读本文讲述了作者作为一个马来西亚人参加北京马拉松比赛的见闻和感想。

4．From the passage，we know the author .
A．has been to many foreign cities besides Beijing
B．has little experience of running a marathon before
C．has never come to China before this race in Beijing
D．has the same opinion on this race with Chinese runners
答案 A
解析细节理解题。

从第二段第二句“I have been to a few places to experience other marathons besides my home country，Malaysia，like Chicago，Tokyo，Gold Coast，Bali，Hong Kong，Singapore，Bangkok，Borneo，Kuching，Songkhla，Phuket，etc.”可知作者去过很多外国城市，所以A 项正确。

25．The author would share the experience with the runners in his home country mainly because . A．the race was the starting station for major leagues
B．he took lots of photos with his camera
C．the organizer invested a lot of money
D．he wanted to emphasize the efforts behind the race
答案 D
解析细节理解题。

根据第三段最后一句中的“to show how maximum effort should be made to make the races successful”可知D项正确。

6．The following were the wonderful aspects of the marathon expo EXCEPT .
A．the entry tickets were only for runners with valid passes
B．there were some services inside the marathon expo
C．runners could get the souvenirs and magazines for free
D．free race T-shirt sprinted with words were provided
答案 C
解析细节理解题。

根据第四段内容可知，A、B、D三项均为该马拉松展览会吸引人的地方，而文章中并未明确说明纪念品是免费的。

故选C。

7．What was the reaction of the Malaysian runners towards Beijing Marathon?
A．They ignored it. B．They suspected it.
C．They expected it. D．They assessed it.
答案 C
解析推理判断题。

根据倒数第二段中的“many of Malaysian runners showed their interest”可知他们对于北京马拉松是很期待的。

故选C。

C
Do Peru’s potatoes have the right stuff？That’s the question scientists will be asking in Lima next month，when a selection of potatoes will begin undergoing tests to determine whether they are fit to grow on Mars.
NASA，the US space agency，is conducting the pioneering experiment together with Lima’s International Potato Center.
They will cultivate a hundred selected varieties in Mars-like conditions that could eventually pave the way for building a dome on the Red Planet for farming the vegetable. Of the selected candidates, 40 are native to the Andes Mountains，conditioned to grow in different ecological zones，can stand sudden climate changes and reproduce in rocky areas. The other 60 are improved varieties，able to survive with little water and salt. They are also immune to viruses. Those that pass the tests must meet a final criterion —they must be able not only to grow well on Mars but also reproduce in large quantities. “We’re almost 100 percent certain that many of the selected potatoes will pass the tests，”said Julio Valdivia Silva，a Peruvian NASA astrobiologist (太空生物学家) who is taking part in the ambitious project. The scientists plan to transport 100 kilos of soil to alabin Lima that will simulate the complex Martian atmosphere—which contains mostly carbon dioxide—and expose it to extreme ultraviolet(紫外线的) radiation. If the varieties selected for next month’s experiment don’t adapt to the desert soil，the researchers will introduce nutrients，which will be provided by radiation.
In future years，NASA plans to build a Mars research center in the Peruvian desert. It would create a perfect copy of the Martian landscape and atmosphere for future research into space
farming that could serve manned missions to Mars and other planets in the solar system.
8．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Transport Potatoes to Peru
B．Determine the Varieties of Potatoes in Peru
C．NASA Is to Build a Mars Research Center in Peru
D．NASA Is to Simulate Growing Potatoes on Mars in Peru
答案 D
解析标题归纳题。

通读文章可知美国国家航空航天局(NASA)计划与国际马铃薯研究中心联手，进行一项开创性实验，即在秘鲁培育可在火星上种植的土豆。

故答案为D项。

9．According to the third paragraph，which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Forty kinds of potatoes can survive with little water and salt.
B．Many types of potatoes to be planted on Mars are developed in Peru.
C．Sixty varieties native to the Andes Mountains can stand sudden climate changes.
D．The final criterion is that all the candidates are immune to viruses on the earth.
答案 B
解析细节理解题。

根据第三段第三句可排除A项；根据第三段第二句可排除C项；根据第三段第五句可排除D项。

故选B项。

10．What if the selected varieties don’t adapt to the desert soil in Peru?
A．Astrobiologists will be sent there to help.
B．Nutrients will be provided to plants by radiation.
C．A Mars research center will be built for further study.
D．100 more kilos of potatoes will be directly sent to Lima.
答案 B
解析细节理解题。

根据第三段最后一句“If the varieties selected for next month’s experiment don’t adapt to the desert soil，the researchers will introduce nutrients，which will be provided by radiation.”可知答案为B项。

11．The passage may be in the column of China Daily.
A．science B．sports C．tourism D．entertainment
答案 A
解析文章出处题。

本文介绍的是美国国家航空航天局(NASA)将与国际马铃薯研究中心联手，进行一项开创性实验，属于科普类文章，故答案为A项。

D
(2018·河南省豫西南部分示范性高中联考)
When we do the same movements with our bodies over and over again，we overuse some muscles. And that overuse can lead to strain(劳损) and injury. Sometimes those problems can come from doing sports. But there is another cause for muscle problems：hand-held technology devices.
Staring down at your phone or tablet for long periods of time puts great tension on your neck. Experts say this posture puts strain on the entire upper body. Muscles train linked to hand-held technology devices has become such a common condition that it now has a name：tech neck.
Common symptoms of tech neck are neck pain，loss of feeling in your hands and fingers，headaches—both mild and severe—and poor posture. In the worst cases of tech neck，you can lose the strength in your hands and fingers.
You can take simple steps to improve tech neck. Take breaks from using your technology devices. Stand up and stretch your legs often. Also，you’re your eyes a break by closing them throughout the day. Do necke xercises. Experts at the website Spine Universe recommend these three neck stretches.
Chin(下巴) Stretch
You’re your chin towards your chest. Hold for 5 seconds. The stretch should feel comfortable from your neck to the base of your skull. Repeat 10times.
Side Lean(倾斜)
You’re your head to the right. Bring your ear close to the shoulder. Hold for 20 seconds. Bring your head back to center，and then lean it to the left，again holding for 20 seconds. Repeat 3－5 times on each side.
Side-to-Side Head Turning
Turn your chin towards your right shoulder. Hold for 20 seconds. Bring your head back to the center，and then turn it to the left，again holding for 20 seconds. Repeat 3－5 times on each side.
And if your tech neck symptoms get worse，see a health care professional.
12．What does the underlined phrase “tech neck”in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Neck pain caused by sports.
B．Neck care done with technology devices.
C．Protection for problems with certain devices.
D．Neck problems caused by using technology devices.
答案 D
解析词义猜测题。

由画线词所在句“Muscle strain linked to hand-held technology devices has become such a common condition that it now has a name：tech neck.”可猜测出“tech neck”指的是使用电子设备造成的一些颈部问题，故选D。

33．What is the possible result of tech neck?
A．Weak fingers. B．Poor eyesight.
C．Overuse of muscles. D．Stronger neck.
答案 A
解析细节理解题。

由第三段最后一句“In the worst cases of tech neck，you can lose the strength in your hands and fingers.”可知tech neck有可能造成的结果是手指无力，故选A。

14．Which of the following shows the correct gesture of “Side Lean”？
A. B.
C. D.
答案 B
解析细节理解题。

根据Side Lean(倾斜)部分中的前两句“You’re your head to the right. Bring your ear close to the shoulder.”把你的头向右边倾斜，让你的耳朵靠近你的肩膀，可知B幅图画符合文章描述，故选B。

15．What do the first and third neck exercises have in common?
A．Shaking the head.
B．Touching the chest.
C．Moving the chin.
D．Turning in the same direction.
答案 C
解析细节理解题。

由第一个颈部运动中的“Move your chin towards your chest.”和第三个颈部运动中的“Turn your chin towards your right shoulder.”可知第一和第三个颈部运动的共同之处是移动下巴，故选C。

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

(2018·广东湛江调研)
Not everyone deals with their feelings as an open book for others to read. 16 Learn to open up in order to improve your mental health.
17 Accept this and move on. Give yourself sometime to have sweaty palms or a shaky voice，since it will get better with practice.
Ask people open-ended questions. To begin practicing opening up，you need to engage in honest，open conversation. Try a question like，“How are things going at work？”instead of “How’s it going？”to get an open answer. Then，in turn answer open-ended questions with honest answers，instead of “Fine”or “OK”． 18 However，in most cases people are flattered that you are listening to them and interested in their life.
Try emulating(效仿) someone who is very open. Observe them in a social situation. Then，try to act as if you were them occasionally. Many open behaviors are learned，and not a natural part of personality. 19
Avoid being a “know it all”．Some people think advice is opening up，but it is unlikely to help you more open. When you want to give advice，listen and try to learn something new from the situation.
20 Schedule at least one long conversation per week. In the conversation you tell someone about the emotional and difficult part of your life. Get into the practice of opening up about what’s good and bad in your life.
A．In this case，practice can make perfect.
B．Call close friends and family members more often.
C．Asking people personal questions is not always proper.
D．Try connecting about hobbies，interests，vacations or books.
E．Listening patiently is a great way to overcome fear of sharing emotions in public. F．Understand that there is usually some fear with opening up to other people.
G．However，closing yourself off from new people can stop your personal growth.
语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。

文章就如何敞开心扉和人交谈提出了几点建议。

16．答案G
解析根据上句：不是每个人都把自己的感情当作一本可以让别人阅读的书。

再根据空格下句：学会开放，以改善你的心理健康。

可知此空的意思是：然而，关闭与新朋友交往可能阻止你的个人成长。

open对应closing，stop对应improve，另外However表示转折。

17．答案 F
解析根据上下文语境可知F项中的Understand that与下文的Accept this相呼应，并且下文的“手掌出汗”及“颤抖的声音”对应了F项中的some fear。

故选F。

18．答案 C
解析根据下文：然而，在多数情况下，人们很高兴你去聆听并对他们的生活感兴趣。

可知上文说的是问别人私人问题并不总是合适的。

故选C。

19．答案 A
解析根据上文：试着模仿一个非常开放的人。

在社交场合观察他们。

然后，偶尔试着表演，就好像你就是他们。

许多开放的行为都是习得的，而不是人格的自然组成部分。

可知：假使这样的话，熟能生巧。

故选A。

20．答案 B
解析根据下文：每周至少安排一次长时间的谈话。

可推知空处为：经常给亲密的朋友和家人打电话。

故选B。