Unit 19 状语从句

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状语从句有两个特征：必须在句中作状语；必 须是句子作状语。因此，在句中作状语，修饰句子 或动词等的从句叫状语从句。
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状语从句有哪些类别？
翻译下列句子，指出画线部分状语从句的类别 1.Every_time_I_see_action_movies_acted_by_Jackie_Ch an,_I would get excited. 每当我看成龙演的动作片时，我会很兴奋。 Every time I see action movies acted by Jackie Chan 作时间状语。
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6. You will certainly succeed so_long_as_you_keep_on_trying. 只要你不断尝试，你当然会成功。so long as you keep on trying作条件状语。
7. Much_as_I_respect_him,_I can't agree to his proposal. 虽然我非常尊敬他，但我不同意他的建议。 much as I respect him作让步状语。
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什么是状语从句？
翻译下列句子，指出句子中的状语从句 1. Great changes have taken place in China in the last few decades. 最近几十年以来，中国发生了巨大的变化。句中 无状语从句。
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2. Whoever breaks the law shall be punished. 任何违背了法律的人必定受到惩罚。句中无 状语从句。
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8. Always be in high spirits so_that you can face all the difficulties positively. 总是情绪高昂以便你能积极面对各种困难。从属连 词so that表目的。 9. He takes regular mild exercise so_that he is quite healthy. 他经常做温和型运动，所以很健康。 从属连词so that表结果。
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引导各类状语从句的从属连词分别为： 时间状语从句： when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since, till, until, the minute, the moment, the second, every time ， each time, the first time ， the instant, immediately, directly，instantly, no sooner … than…， hardly …when…， scarcely … when… 地 点 状 语 从 句 ： where ， wherever, anywhere, everywhere
Back to school
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引导状语从句从属连词有哪些？
翻译下列句子，指出句中的从属连词类别并总结 各类状语从句
1. The teacher is more strict with us than he used to be.
老师比以前更加严格要求我们。从属连词than表 比较。
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2. Do as you're told to. 按照吩咐的去做。从属连词as表方式。
目的状
语从句 结果状 语从句
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条件状 语从句 if, unless, as/so long as, only if,
providing/provided that, supposing that, in
case that, on condition that though, although, even if, even though, as
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8. Food is to man what_oil_is_to_industry. 食物之于人正如石油之于工业。 what oil is to industry作比较状语。
9. The employee behaved as_if_he_were_the_boss.
这个员工表现得像老板似的。as if he were the boss作方式状语。
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状语从句一般分为九大类别： 时间状语从句； 地点状语从句；原因状语从句；目的状语从句；结 果状语从句；条件状语从句；让步状语从句；比较 状语从句和方式状语从句。
条件状语
结果状语
地点状语
目的状语
比较状语
方式状语 让步状语 时间状语
原因状语
状语从句有九种，时地原因条状补， 目比结果方让步，连词引导各不同； 主句通常前面走，连词引导紧随后， 从句若在主前头，主从之间有个逗。
• What表示比较关系的三种句型
• 1．A is B what C is to D． • 1） Water is to fish what air is to man（水对鱼的关系就象空气对人的关 系一样。） • 2）Ten is to five what eight is to four．（10比5等于8比4） • 2．What C is to D，A is to B． • l）What food is to the body，a book is to the mind.（书籍对于心灵犹如 食物对于身体。） • 2）What the gun is to a fighter，the pen is to a writer．（作家的笔犹如 战士的枪。） • 3．What C is to D，that A is to B． • 1）What nourishing food is to the body，that a good book is to the mind．（好书对于心灵正如营养食物对于身体。） • 2）What lungs are to the body，that parks are to the city．（公园对于城 市犹如肺对于人体。） • 第三种句型不很常用。但无论使用哪一种形式，只要两种相似关系对 比适当，比喻恰如其分，都能起到良好的修辞效果
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原因状语从句：because, since, as, now that, seeing that, in that, considering that, given that
目的状语从句：so that, in order that, lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that
3. Whoever does the job, we'll pay him or her by the job.
无论谁干这项工作，我们都发计件工资。从属连 词whoever表让步。
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4. The system won't work unless all of us strictly stick to it. 除非我们都严格遵守这项制度，它才会生效。 从属连词unless表条件。 5. The_first_time I came to the city, I became interested in its snacks. 第一次来这个城市，我就对它的小吃感兴趣。从属 连词the first time表时间。
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原因状 语从句 because, since, as, now that, seeing that, in that, considering that, given that so that, in order that, lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that so that，so … that…， such … that…， to the degree that, to the extent that
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6. The school is situated where there used to be a factory. 学校坐落在原来是座工厂的地方。从属连词 where表地点。
7. Since there is no time left, let's go on with the topic next time. 既然没时间了，我们下次再继续谈这个话题。从 属连词since表原因。
结果状语从句：so that，so … that…， such … that…， to the degree that, to the extent that
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when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since, till, until, the minute, the moment, the second, 时间状 every time，each time, the first time，the 语从句 instant, immediately, directly，instantly, no sooner „ than„ ， hardly „when„ ， scarcely „ when„ 地点状 where，wherever, anywhere, everywhere 语从句
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2. You should have put away the book where_you_took_it. 你应该把书放回原处。 where you took it作地 点状语。
3. The higher income tax is harmful in_that_it_may_discourage_people_from_trying_to_e arn_more. 所得税高是有害的，它让人不想去赚更多的钱。 in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more作原因状语。
3. Being ill, she had to remain at home.
因为生病，她只好留在家里。句中无状语从 句。
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4. There is life where there is water. 有 水 的 地 方 就 有 生 命 。 句 中 where there is water为地点状语从句。
让步状
(须倒装)，while (放句首)，no matter „，
语从句
whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever,
however, whichever，whether„or„
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比较状
语从句 方式状 语从句 (as…)as, not as/so…as…， than，the more … the more …， A is to B what /as X is to Y； as, as if，as though
• What表示比较关系的三种句型
• what一词用法很多，它可用作疑问代 词，引导特殊疑问句；它可用作连接 代词，引导名词性从句；它还可用于 感叹句等。 • what作连接代词时还有一种特殊的用 法，用来比较说明两种事物相同或相 似的关系，起比喻作用，相当于连接 词as，意为“正如”、“好比”、“就 象…一样”。现具体说明如下：
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4. The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so_that_he_could_sign_them. 老板要秘书赶快送交那些信件以便他能签发。 so that he could sign them作目的状语。 5. He got up so early that_he_caught_the_first_bus. 他起得很早因此他赶上了第一班车。that he caught the first bus作结果状语。
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引导状语从句从属连词形式上有什么特点？
翻译下列句子，找出其从属连词 1. On condition that you return the book on time, you can keep it for 2 weeks. 假如你按时归还这本书，你可以借两个星期。句 中从属连词：on condition that。